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Stein, Noah D. (Noah Daniel). "Exchangeable equilibria". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66465.
Pełny tekst źródłaCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-188).
The main contribution of this thesis is a new solution concept for symmetric games (of complete information in strategic form), the exchangeable equilibrium. This is an intermediate notion between symmetric Nash and symmetric correlated equilibrium. While a variety of weaker solution concepts than correlated equilibrium and a variety of refinements of Nash equilibrium are known, there is little previous work on "interpolating" between Nash and correlated equilibrium. Several game-theoretic interpretations suggest that exchangeable equilibria are natural objects to study. Moreover, these show that the notion of symmetric correlated equilibrium is too weak and exchangeable equilibrium is a more natural analog of correlated equilibrium for symmetric games. The geometric properties of exchangeable equilibria are a mix of those of Nash and correlated equilibria. The set of exchangeable equilibria is convex, compact, and semi-algebraic, but not necessarily a polytope. A variety of examples illustrate how it relates to the Nash and correlated equilibria. The same ideas which lead to the notion of exchangeable equilibria can be used to construct tighter convex relaxations of the symmetric Nash equilibria as well as convex relaxations of the set of all Nash equilibria in asymmetric games. These have similar mathematical properties to the exchangeable equilibria. An example game reveals an algebraic obstruction to computing exact exchangeable equilibria, but these can be approximated to any degree of accuracy in polynomial time. On the other hand, optimizing a linear function over the exchangeable equilibria is NP-hard. There are practical linear and semidefinite programming heuristics for both problems. A secondary contribution of this thesis is the computation of extreme points of the set of correlated equilibria in a simple family of games. These examples illustrate that in finite games there can be factorially many more extreme correlated equilibria than extreme Nash equilibria, so enumerating extreme correlated equilibria is not an effective method for enumerating extreme Nash equilibria. In the case of games with a continuum of strategies and polynomial utilities, the examples illustrate that while the set of Nash equilibria has a known finite-dimensional description in terms of moments, the set of correlated equilibria admits no such finite-dimensional characterization.
by Noah D. Stein.
Ph.D.
Pilgrim, Beate. "Understanding financial markets from a general equilibrium perspective uniqueness of competitive equilibria /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962998176.
Pełny tekst źródłaJoosten, Reinoud Anna Maria Gerardus. "Dynamics, equilibria, and values". Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1996. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6709.
Pełny tekst źródłaCrespo, Cuaresma Jesus, i Gerhard Sorger. "Alpha-consistent expectations equilibria". SFB Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1782/1/document.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSeries: Working Papers SFB "Adaptive Information Systems and Modelling in Economics and Management Science"
Taylor, P. D. "Iron(III) Hydroxypyridinone equilibria". Thesis, University of Essex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376747.
Pełny tekst źródłaFasoulakis, Michail. "Computing approximate Nash equilibria". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/91306/.
Pełny tekst źródłaGupta, A. "Equilibria in finite games". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2016. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3001507/.
Pełny tekst źródłaScho¨nfelder, Apollonia Maria Oktavia. "Inverse polarity prominence equilibria". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14243.
Pełny tekst źródłaHalcrow, Jonathan. "Charting the State Space of Plane Couette Flow: Equilibria, Relative Equilibria, and Heteroclinic Connections". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24724.
Pełny tekst źródłaCommittee Chair: Cvitanovic, Predrag; Committee Member: Bracco, Annalisa; Committee Member: Dieci, Luca; Committee Member: Goldman, Daniel; Committee Member: Grigoriev, Roman
Devanur, Nikhil Rangarajan. "Efficient Algorithms for Market Equilibria". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16282.
Pełny tekst źródłaShea, Paul. "Adaptive learning and multiple equilibria /". view abstract or download file of text, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1404347271&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Pełny tekst źródłaTypescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-125). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
Bajer, Konrad. "Flow kinematics and magnetic equilibria". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305335.
Pełny tekst źródłaCarr, C. A. "N.M.R. studies of mobile equilibria". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379998.
Pełny tekst źródłaAvlonitis, Dimitrios Anastassios. "Thermodynamics of gas hydrate equilibria". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/803.
Pełny tekst źródłaClark, A. Q. "Phase equilibria studies of mixtures". Thesis, University of Exeter, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374949.
Pełny tekst źródłaHodges, David. "Studies in multicomponent multiphase equilibria". Thesis, Teesside University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410909.
Pełny tekst źródłaDu, Rand Marlie. "High pressure fluid phase equilibria". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51789.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: Supercritical extraction is being investigated as a possible alternative to the processes currently used in the fractionation of paraffinic waxes. By removing the lighter carbon fractions from the wax, the wax hardness will be improved and its melting temperature range reduced, hence improving the performance of the wax product in certain applications. In order to evaluate and operate such an extraction process optimally, it is necessary to have a thermodynamic model that accurately represents the process system. There are, however, currently no predictive models available for these systems. In order to fit present models to the systems, accurate phase equilibrium data of the supercritical solvent - n-alkane systems are needed. Unfortunately, the amount of reliable published data on these systems in the required operating range is very limited. A view cell was designed and developed with which these high pressure equilibria could be studied. The binary phase equilibria of supercritical CO2 with n-CI2, n-CI6, n-C20, n-C24, n-C28 and n-C36 and of supercritical ethane with n-CI6, n-C24 and n-C28 were measured in the temperature range 313 - 367 K. It was found that the systems with these two solvents have very different types of phase behaviour. The n-alkane solubility is much higher in ethane, but supercritical CO2 will provide a much better degree of control over the selectivity achieved in an extraction process. Of the various equations of state investigated, it was found that the Patel Teja equation of state provided the best fit of the CO2 - n-alkane systems and that the Soave-Redlich- Kwong equation fitted the ethane - n-alkane systems the best. The interaction parameters of both these equations of state display a functional relationship with temperature and nalkane acentric factor, making it possible to determine parameter values for application at other operating temperatures and with other n-alkane systems. It was found that the current equations of state were not able to represent the phase equilibria accurately over the entire range of operating conditions. The poor performance of the equations of state can be attributed to inherent flaws in the existing equations of state.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Superkritiese ekstraksie word tans ondersoek as 'n moontlike altematief vir die prosesse wat huidiglik gebruik word om paraffiese wasse te fraksioneer. Die Iigter koolstofwasse word verwyder om die washardheid te verhoog en die temperatuurgebied waaroor die was smelt te verklein. Dit verbeter dan die was se kwaliteit en werkverrigting. Modelle wat die superkritiese ekstraksie proses akkuraat kan voorstel word egter benodig om die ekstraksie proses te kan evalueer en optimaal te bedryf. Daar is tans geen modelle beskikbaar wat die proses direk kan voorstel nie. Akkurate fase-ewewigsdata word benodig om bestaande modelle aan te pas vir gebruik in hierdie sisteme. Daar is egter baie min betroubare faseewewigsdata vir die superkritiese oplosmiddel - n-alkaan sisteme beskikbaar in die literatuur. 'n Sig-sel, waarrnee hierdie hoe druk data gemeet kan word, is ontwerp en ontwikkel. Die volgende binere fase ewewigte is in die temperatuur gebied 313 - 367 K gemeet: superkritiese CO2 met n-CI2, n-CI6, n-C20, n-C24, n-C28 en n-C36, en superkritiese Etaan met n-CI6, n-C24 en n-C28. Daar is gevind dat hierdie twee superkritiese oplosmiddelsisteme verskillende tipes fase-ewewigsgedragte openbaar. Die n-alkane het 'n baie boer oplosbaarheid in Etaan, maar deur superkritiese C02 in 'n ekstraksie kolom te gebruik, sal tot beheer oor die selektiwiteit van die ekstraksieproses lei. Uit die verskillende toestandsvergelykings wat ondersoek is, is daar gevind dat die Patel- Teja vergelyking die CO2 sisteme die beste kon beskryf en dat die Soave-Redlich-Kwong vergelyking die beste vergelyking was om die Etaan sisteme mee te modelleer. Beide die toestandsvergelykings se interaksie parameters het 'n funksionele verband met temperatuur en die n-alkaan asentrise faktor getoon. Dit is dus moontlik om waardes vir die parameters vir sisteme by ander temperature en met ander n-alkaan tipes te bepaal. Daar was gevind dat die bestaande toestandsvergelykings nie die die fase-ewewigte oor die hele eksperimenele gebied akkuraat kon voorstel nie. Dit kan toegeskryf word aan foute wat inherent is aan die vergelykings.
Boothroyd, Simon. "Phase equilibria from molecular simulation". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2018. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/126751/.
Pełny tekst źródłaPinho, Simão. "Phase equilibria in electrolyte systems". Doctoral thesis, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10198/1478.
Pełny tekst źródłaMackensen, Heide C. U. "Equilibria in overlapping generations models". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17347.
Pełny tekst źródłaInterest rates are fundamental in the explanation of equilibrium prices over time, because they provide the link between the present and the future. Capturing this dynamic feature, the overlapping generations model is particularly suitable to address the interest rate problem, as has been shown by Paul Samuelson, David Gale and Costas Azariadis. This thesis reviews their contribution to the theory of interest: with his consumption-loan model, Samuelson sets the analytical framework for subsequent research. Furthermore, he demonstrates that the optimal interest rate is unstable, implying that a competitive economy may fail to approach the social optimum. The Samuelson and classical sets of assumptions are consolidated in the intertemporal exchange model of Gale. Its equilibrium nature, however, ignores the sequential adjustment of disequilibrium interest rates to their equilibrium values. Consequently it is difficult to comment on the direction of causality involved in the interest rate determination, unless a clearing house is introduced which simultaneously resolves the starting-up, continuity and causality problems. Departing from the full certainty scenario, Azariadis analyses the existence and likelihood of self-fulfilling prophecies. It is shown that the implications of the economy's assumed Markovian structure are twofold: while facilitating the parametric treatment of the transition probabilities, it negates the question concerning the likelihood of sunspot equilibria. Within the specified framework it is impossible to explain how the economy arrives at such equilibria; it is only possible to identify the conditions that maintain (once they exist) these self-fulfilling prophecies.
Demeio, Lucio. "Nonlinear evolution of Vlasov equilibria". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54512.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
McHale, Mary E. R. "Chemical Equilibria in Binary Solvents". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278936/.
Pełny tekst źródłaPalandri, James L. "Applications of computed chemical equilibria /". view abstract or download file of text, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9986748.
Pełny tekst źródłaTypescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 374-384). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
Rode, Manuel. "Nash equilibria in discrete routing games". [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973581522.
Pełny tekst źródłaPrice, William Evan. "Kinetics and equilibria of tea infusion". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8238.
Pełny tekst źródłaThuijsman, Frank. "Optimality and equilibria in stochastic games". Maastricht : Maastricht : Rijksuniversiteit Limburg ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1989. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=5476.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeattie, Paul Duncan. "Olivine-melt and orthopyroxene-melt equilibria". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359626.
Pełny tekst źródłaBalthasar, Anne. "Geometry and equilibria in bimatrix games". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2009. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/59/.
Pełny tekst źródłaDudebout, Nicolas. "Empirical-evidence equilibria in stochastic games". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52205.
Pełny tekst źródłaSavani, Rahul. "Finding Nash equilibria of bimatrix games". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/128/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoonprakaikawe, Juntip. "Multiple equilibria, information and financial crises". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398741.
Pełny tekst źródłaAnwar, Ahmed Waqar. "Multiple equilibria in theory and practice". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297967.
Pełny tekst źródłaHollingshurst, Julien. "Equilibria and dynamics in polysiloxane systems". Thesis, University of York, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306281.
Pełny tekst źródłaSen, Gupta Sonali. "Coarse correlated equilibria in duopoly games". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5102/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBurke, Jonathan Lewis. "Essays on equilibria in dynamic economies". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15138.
Pełny tekst źródłaMICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE.
Vita.
Bibliography: leaves 187-189.
by Jonathan Lewis Burke.
Ph.D.
Culverwell, Ian Dennis. "Resistive Z-pinch equilibria and stability". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47833.
Pełny tekst źródłaMeyer, Clifford Alexander. "Calculation of chemical and phase equilibria". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22557.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe computation of chemical and phase equilibria is an essential aspect of chemical engineering design and development. Important applications range from flash calculations to distillation and pyrometallurgy. Despite the firm theoretical foundations on which the theory of chemical equilibrium is based there are two major difficulties that prevent the equilibrium state from being accurately determined. The first of these hindrances is the inaccuracy or total absence of pertinent thermodynamic data. The second is the complexity of the required calculation. It is the latter consideration which is the sole concern of this dissertation.
Oliveira, Mariana Belo de. "Phase equilibria modeling for biofuels production". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3220.
Pełny tekst źródłaEm consequência de uma série de problemas ambientais, económicos e políticos relacionados com o uso de combustíveis convencionais, vários países estão agora a focar as suas atenções em combustíveis alternativos. O biodiesel está na linha da frente das alternativas ao petróleo no sector dos transportes, sendo considerado uma opção a curto prazo visto que o seu preço é competitivo e não são necessárias mudanças nos motores para implementar o seu uso. De entres os possíveis processos de produzir biodiesel, a reacção de transesterificação com catálise básica é o método preferido. Depois da reacção são sempre necessários processos de purificação de modo ao biodiesel produzido cumprir os standards definidos para os combustíveis alternativos, reduzindo problemas de motor e consequentemente aumentando a sua aceitação por parte dos consumidores. De entre as especificações encontram-se o conteúdo em água, em álcool e em glicerol. Ser-se capaz de descrever correctamente o equilíbrio de fases de sistemas que são de interesse para os processos de purificação de biodieseis numa gama alargada de condições termodinâmicas é uma condição necessária para uma correcta simulação do processo industrial, de modo a se atingir uma elevada produtividade a baixos custos de operação. O uso de moléculas oxigenadas como combustíveis representa uma alteração significativa em termos da termodinâmica de soluções. Para combustíveis baseados em petróleo as equações de estado cúbicas e os modelos clássicos de coeficientes de actividade mostraram ser apropriados, no entanto para combustíveis novos como o biodiesel, sendo mais complexos do ponto de vista das interacções intermoleculares com formação de dipolos e pontes de hidrogénio, são necessários modelos termodinâmicos mais complexos para descrever essas interacções. Neste trabalho a CPA EoS (Cubic-Plus-Association Equation of State) será desenvolvida de modo a permitir uma descrição adequada dos equilíbrios líquido-vapor e líquido-líquido para uma serie de sistemas binários e multicomponentes contendo água, ácidos gordos, ésteres de ácidos gordos, glicerol e álcoois.
As a consequence of a range of environmental, economical and political problems related to the use of conventional petroleum based fuels, several countries are now focusing their attention on alternative fuels. Biodiesel is at the forefront of the alternatives to petroleum based fuels in the transportation sector, being considered an important short-time option since its price can be competitive with conventional diesel and no motor changes are required. Among the various approaches to produce biodiesel, basic catalyzed transesterification is the preferable method. After the transesterification reaction purification steps are always necessary in order to provide the fuel with the quality levels required by the standards for alternative fuels, reducing engine problems and consequently increasing consumers’ acceptance. Among the specifying minimums are the water, the alcohol and the glycerol contents. Being able to correctly describe the phase equilibria of systems of interest for the biodiesel purification processes in a broad range of thermodynamic conditions is a necessary condition for a correct simulation of the industrial process, in order to achieve high productivity and low operating costs. The use of oxygenated molecules as fuels represents a significant change in terms of solution thermodynamics. While for petroleum-based fuels, cubic equations of state and classic activity coefficient models have proved to be appropriate, new fuels, such as biodiesel, are more complex from the point of view of intermolecular interactions with dipoles and hydrogen bonding being important on these systems. To be able to represent such interactions more complex engineering thermodynamics models are required. In this work the CPA EoS (Cubic – Plus – Association Equation of State) will be developed to provide an adequate description of the vapor-liquid and liquidliquid phase equilibria of several binary and multicomponent systems containing water, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, glycerol and alcohols.
Ventura, Sónia Patrícia Marques. "Gas liquid equilibria at high pressures". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/4865.
Pełny tekst źródłaEste trabalho tem como objectivo a medição da solubilidade de gases em líquidos a altas pressões. Para a realização experimental foi usada uma célula de altas pressões de volume variável e um método de observação directa para a detecção das transições de fase. As condições usadas neste trabalho experimental foram temperaturas entre 276.00 e 373.15 K e pressões ate 100 MPa. Numa primeira fase foram efectuadas medições de solubilidade de metano em anilina pura e para uma solução aquosa de composição mássica igual a 5% em anilina. A anilina é fundamentalmente usada em processos como a produção de borracha, de poliuretanos, pigmentos e tintas, fármacos, herbicidas e fungicidas. É usualmente produzida através de processos de redução do nitrobenzeno por reacção com o HCl. De facto, esta síntese é um processo químico complexo onde um grande número de processos compete entre si. Alterações nas condições do processo com a possível formação de produtos intermediários podem afectar a eficiência do processo. Para a sua melhoria foi sugerido que o hidrogénio usado fosse simultaneamente produzido e gasto no reactor principal. Neste caso e para a produção do mesmo, era necessário adicionar metano e água ao reactor. Tendo por base a ideia de que as reacções onde o hidrogénio é reagente e produto ocorrem em simultâneo, torna-se clara a importância do estudo da solubilidade do metano em anilina pura e em soluções aquosas desta. Numa segunda fase foi estudada a solubilidade do dióxido de carbono em soluções aquosas de tri-iso-butil(metil)fosfónio tosilato, com composições molares são de 4, 8 e 12% em líquido iónico. Este pertencente à família dos fosfónios. Possui uma viscosidade e densidade elevadas, é térmica e quimicamente estável e ainda possui uma elevada polaridade. Apresenta uma miscibilidade completa em água e nos solventes mais usuais, como o diclorometano e tolueno, não sendo no entanto míscivel em hexano. O tri-isobutil( metil)fosfónium tosilato é usado como solvente nos processos de hidroformilação de olefinas e ainda em processos de captura e conversão de dióxido de carbono. Neste trabalho experimental, a temperatura e a pressão foram inicialmente aumentadas até o sistema atingir o equilíbrio. A pressão é diminuída lentamente até se verificar o aparecimento/desaparecimento da última bolha de gás. A pressão à qual a última bolha de gás desaparece representa a pressão de equilíbrio para aquela temperatura. Este procedimento foi efectuado para vários sistemas e várias temperaturas.
The aim of this work is the measurement of the solubilities of different gases in different liquids systems at high pressures. A variable volume high pressure cell was used to perform the measurements based on the visual synthetic method for the detection of phase transitions. The conditions used in this work were temperatures ranging from 276.00 to 373.15 K and pressures up to 100 MPa. The first step of this work was the measurement of methane’s solubility in pure aniline and for one aqueous solution of 5% (w/w) in aniline. The main applications of aniline are the manufacture of polyurethane, rubber, dyes and pigments, drugs and agrochemicals (herbicides and fungicides). This compound is normally produced by reduction of nitrobenzene by reaction with HCl. In fact, that synthesis is a complex chemical process where a number of competing processes contribute to the final product. Changes in process conditions with the possible formation of intermediates can act as catalyst poisons that change the process’s efficiency. For the improvement of the production process it was suggested that the hydrogen, used for the reduction of the nitrobenzene, could be simultaneously generated and used in the main reactor. In this case for the in situ production of hydrogen it would be necessary the addition of methane and water in the reactor. Having in mind that these reactions occur simultaneously, it becomes clear the importance of studying the solubility of methane in aniline and in its aqueous solutions. In the second step the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions of triiso- butyl(methyl)phosphonium tosylate with molar compositions of 4, 8 and 12% molar of ionic liquid, was studied. This compound belongs to the phosphonium - based ionic liquids family. It is characterized by a high viscosity and density. It is thermal and chemically stable and has a high polarity. This compound is totally miscible with water as well as with common organic solvents such as dicloromethane and toluene but is not miscible with hexane. The main applications of Tri-iso-butyl(methyl)phosphonium tosylate are like solvents in the hydroformylation of olefins and in processes of capture and conversion of carbon dioxide. In this experimental work, temperature and pressure were slowly increased until the system becomes homogeneous. After that, the pressure is slowly decreased until the appearance/disappearance of the last bubble of gas. The pressure at witch the last bubble disappears represents the equilibrium pressure for that temperature. This procedure was repeated for several systems and several temperatures.
Li, Weiye. "Stability of equilibria in dynamic oligopolies". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290535.
Pełny tekst źródłaInprasit, Utith 1956. "Equilibria in Size-Structured Population Models". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565549.
Pełny tekst źródłaHendtlass, Matthew. "Constructing fixed points and economic equilibria". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4973/.
Pełny tekst źródłaSchmidt, Sven. "Resonant elliptic equilibria in Hamiltonian systems". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34806.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrown, Jacob Leslie. "Vapour-liquid equilibria within nanoporous media". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277690.
Pełny tekst źródłaAkgün, Ugur. "Horizontal Mergers and Equilibria Comparison in Oligopoly". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4052.
Pełny tekst źródłaEn el articulo, "Fusiones con funciones de oferta", analizo los efectos de una fusión en una industria que produce un bien homogéneo cuando las empresas compiten eligien funciones de oferta. Las empresas eligen las funciones que relacionan su oferta con el precio de mercado. La competencia a la Cournot donde las empresas eligen a las cantidades, y la competencia a la Bertrand donde las empresas eligen los precios son casos especiales de la competencia en funciones de oferta. Considero una industria con un nivel fijo de capital. El capital una empresa define su tecnología de producción. Una fusión crea no solamente una empresa más grande, pero también una con una estructura más eficiente del coste que cualesquiera de sus componentes. Se muestra que cualquier fusión hace que todas las empresas que bajen su producción. La disminución de la producción por las empresas no participantes hace cualquier fusión rentable. Cualquier fusión en una industria con el capital social igualmente distribuido conduce a una pérdida del bienestar. Finalmente, una fusión es más probable que aumente el bienestar si aumenta la "simetría" en la industria.
En mi trabajo "Fusiones bajo la incertidumbre", considero las decisiones de fusionar de empresas que producen bienes diferenciados en un mercado con choques idiosincrásicos de la demanda. Las empresas toman sus decisiones de fusionar antes de que choques afecten a la industria. Todas las empresas comparten la misma información sobre las condiciones de mercado en cualquier momento. En particular, después de un choque, todas las empresas saben todos los parámetros relevantes del mercado. Así, una fusión no produce ninguna ventaja informativa. Exploro el modelo bajo dos modos de competencia. Comparando los incentivos para fusionar con los incentivos en el caso de un mercado determinista, encuentro que la característica incierta en el modelo aumentan la rentabilidad de una fusión bajo competencia de precio, mientras que con competencia en cantidades, su efecto sobre la rentabilidad de la fusión es ambiguo. Sin embargo, si hay incentivos a fusionar en el caso determinista, después de la incertidumbre, aumenta la rentabilidad de la fusión.
En mi trabajo "Comparando los precios de Bertrand y de Cournot: Un caso de substitutos y de complementos " confirma la sabiduría común según la cual la competencia del precio es más competitiva que la competencia de la cantidad. Resultados anteriores que apoyan esta visión en mercados de productos substitutos o en mercados de productos complementarios. Considero el caso cuando los complementos y los substitutos coexisten en un mercado de productos diferenciado.
El artículo "Innovación en un modelo asimétrico: Comparando los equilibrios de Cournot y de Bertrand ". Este artículo compara los resultados y la eficiencia dinámica de los equilibrios de Cournot y de Bertrand en un duopolio diferenciado, donde solamente una empresa puede reducir el coste marginal antes de la competencia en el mercado de producto. Demostramos que, con alta sustitución y costes bajos de innovación: - los niveles de I&D pueden ser más altos bajo competencia de precio si la difusión es baja; - la producción, el exceso del consumidor y el bienestar total pueden ser más grandes bajo Cournot si la difusión es alta. Un nuevo resultado de este artículo es que con la innovación de proceso, los consumidores y los productores pueden encontrarse en mejor situación bajo competencia de cantidad. Proporcionamos ejemplos numéricos bien definidos que demuestran que estos resultados no dependen de la asimetría del modelo.
This dissertation consists of four pieces of independent work. In broad terms two general themes that it addresses can be classified as horizontal mergers and comparison of equilibrium market parameters in Cournot and Bertrand competition.
In my paper, "Mergers with supply functions", I analyze the equilibrium effects of a merger in a homogenous good industry when firms compete by choosing supply schedules. Firms choose functions that relate their supply to the market price. Cournot competition where firms commit to quantities, and Bertrand competition where firms commit to prices are special cases of supply function competition - they exogenously impose horizontal and vertical supply schedules on the firms. I consider an industry with a fixed capital stock. A merger creates not only a larger firm, but also one with more efficient cost structure than any of its constituents. I find that any merger results in all firms lowering supply. The decrease in supply by non-participating firms makes any merger profitable. This differs from the effects of mergers under Cournot competition where the non-participating firms expand their supply, reducing the profitability of a merger. Any merger in an industry with equally distributed capital stock leads to a welfare loss. Finally, a merger is more likely to be welfare enhancing if it increases the "symmetry" in the industry.
In my paper, titled "Mergers under uncertainty", I consider the merger decisions of firms producing differentiated products in a market with idiosyncratic demand shocks. Firms make their merger decisions taking into account that future shocks will hit the industry. All firms share the same information about the market conditions at any time. In particular, after the arrival of a shock all firms know all the relevant market parameters. Thus, a merger does not produce any informational advantage. I explore the model under two competition modes. By comparing the incentives for merger with the incentives in a benchmark case of a deterministic market, I find that the uncertain feature in the model increases the attractiveness of a merger under price competition, while with Cournot competition its effect on merger profitability is ambiguous. However, if there are incentives to merge in the deterministic case, then uncertainty increases the profitability of the merger. .
In my short paper, "Comparing Bertrand and Cournot prices: A case of substitutes and complements", I reasses the common wisdom according to which price competition is more competitive than quantity competition. Previous results supporting this view deal with either substitute products markets or symmetric complement products markets. I consider the case when complements and substitutes co-exist in a differentiated products market. I introduce a set of symmetry criteria for this market, and show that when they are fulfilled, there exists a symmetric Bertrand equilibrium with a lower price than the price resulting from any symmetric Cournot equilibrium.
The last piece of work in the thesis, "Innovation in an Asymmetric Setting: Comparing Cournot and Bertrand Equilibria", is a joint work with Ioana Chioveanu. This paper compares the outcomes and the dynamic efficiency of Cournot and Bertrand equilibria in a differentiated duopoly with substitute goods, where only one firm can reduce marginal cost before product market competition. We show that, with high substitutability and low innovation costs:
-R&D levels can be higher under price competition if spillovers are low;
-output, consumer surplus and total welfare can be larger under Cournot if spillovers are high.
A new result of this article is that with process innovation, both consumers and producers can be better off under quantity competition. We provide well-defined numeric examples showing that these findings do not depend on the asymmetry of the model. The fact that innovation levels may be higher in Bertrand competition is consistent with the findings of Bester and Petrakis (1993). We identify a parameter equivalence that extends all their results from process to product innovation: In particular, incentives to improve quality may be larger under price competition, if substitutability is high.
Bonavoglia, Barbara. "Phase equilibria in polymer-supercritical CO₂ systems /". Zürich : ETH, 2005. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=16147.
Pełny tekst źródłaAgdeppa, Rhoda Padua. "Studies on Mathematical Models of Traffic Equilibria". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/123831.
Pełny tekst źródłaCurtis, Richard V. "Phase equilibria in recycled nickel-based superalloys". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47013.
Pełny tekst źródłaPhoenix, Aaron. "Multiphase chemical and polymer phase equilibria calculations". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0010/NQ34692.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaKoska, Jürgen. "Multiple-chemical equilibria in chiral partition systems". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0024/NQ38918.pdf.
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