Artykuły w czasopismach: „ENRICHED FRAMEWORKS”

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Yuan, Yao, Xiaoyu Chen, Xing Zhang, Zumin Wang i Ranbo Yu. "A MOF-derived CuCo(O)@ carbon–nitrogen framework as an efficient synergistic catalyst for the hydrolysis of ammonia borane". Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 7, nr 10 (2020): 2043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0qi00023j.

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Das, Saikat, Shixian Xu, Teng Ben i Shilun Qiu. "Chiral Recognition and Separation by Chirality-Enriched Metal-Organic Frameworks". Angewandte Chemie 130, nr 28 (12.06.2018): 8765–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201804383.

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Das, Saikat, Shixian Xu, Teng Ben i Shilun Qiu. "Chiral Recognition and Separation by Chirality-Enriched Metal-Organic Frameworks". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, nr 28 (12.06.2018): 8629–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201804383.

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Dooris, Emma, Craig McAnally, Edmund Cussen, Alan Kennedy i Ashleigh Fletcher. "A Family of Nitrogen-Enriched Metal Organic Frameworks with CCS Potential". Crystals 6, nr 1 (21.01.2016): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst6010014.

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Zhu, Jinhui, Xiaodong Zhuang, Jun Yang, Xinliang Feng i Shin-ichi Hirano. "Graphene-coupled nitrogen-enriched porous carbon nanosheets for energy storage". Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, nr 32 (2017): 16732–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta04752e.

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Nitrogen-enriched porous carbon nanosheets (G-PCs) are prepared through the pyrolysis of graphene-coupled covalent triazine-based frameworks (G-CTFs), which exhibit excellent energy storage performance.

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Koutkias, Vassilis G., i Marie-Christine Jaulent. "Computational Approaches for Pharmacovigilance Signal Detection: Toward Integrated and Semantically-Enriched Frameworks". Drug Safety 38, nr 3 (marzec 2015): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40264-015-0278-8.

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Zhang, Sainan, Yunlong Zheng, Hongde An, Briana Aguila, Cheng‐Xiong Yang, Yueyue Dong, Wei Xie i in. "Covalent Organic Frameworks with Chirality Enriched by Biomolecules for Efficient Chiral Separation". Angewandte Chemie 130, nr 51 (17.12.2018): 16996–7001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201810571.

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Zhang, Sainan, Yunlong Zheng, Hongde An, Briana Aguila, Cheng‐Xiong Yang, Yueyue Dong, Wei Xie i in. "Covalent Organic Frameworks with Chirality Enriched by Biomolecules for Efficient Chiral Separation". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, nr 51 (17.12.2018): 16754–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201810571.

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Rea Rodríguez, Carlos Rafael. "Framing in a Multicultural Social Movement". Moving the Social 65 (9.08.2021): 101–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.46586/mts.65.2021.101-122.

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This article analyses the sustainability movement that opposed the construction of the Las Cruces hydroelectric project in the San Pedro River watershed in Nayarit, Mexico. It focuses on the movement’s theoretical framework and general orientation in order to show how the various and distinct frameworks that emerged throughout the evolution of the movement were selected, adjusted and creatively reworked within the movement. This allowed these frameworks to adapt to changing local social, cultural, and environ- mental conditions through a process that also enriched them and imbued them with new meanings through contact with the perspectives of coastal agricultural and fishing communities, as well as with indigenous Naayeri communities in the mountains.

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Chen, Tong, Rong Wang, Chen Sun, Debao Kong, Shengyong Lu i Xiaodong Li. "Metal-organic frameworks templated micropore-enriched defective MnCeOx for low temperature chlorobenzene oxidation". Applied Catalysis A: General 645 (wrzesień 2022): 118845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2022.118845.

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Liao, Jiawei, A. Ozgur Yazaydin, Siyuan Yang, Fan Li i Lifeng Ding. "Molecular simulation studies of hydrogen enriched methane (HEM) storage in Covalent Organic Frameworks". Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 231 (wrzesień 2016): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2016.05.030.

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Dilpazir, Sobia, Rongji Liu, Menglei Yuan, Muhammad Imran, Zhanjun Liu, Yongbing Xie, He Zhao i Guangjin Zhang. "Br/Co/N Co-doped porous carbon frameworks with enriched defects for high-performance electrocatalysis". Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, nr 21 (2020): 10865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta02411b.

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First ZIF-67 derived doped, defect-enriched porous carbon frameworks is reported via a novel self-sacrificing strategy with outstanding performance for ORR, HER and OER and allow the assembly of Zn–air batteries and overall water splitting devices.

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Awa, Hart O., Ojiabo Ukoha i Sunny R. Igwe. "Revisiting technology-organization-environment (T-O-E) theory for enriched applicability". Bottom Line 30, nr 01 (8.05.2017): 2–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bl-12-2016-0044.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose and test a ten-factor framework of four contexts from technology-organization-environment (T-O-E) theory and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to provide insight(s) that complements and extends extant inquiries on technology adoption. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected from small service enterprises with strong operations in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, and the mode of sampling was purposive and snow ball, whereas analysis involved structural equation modeling. Findings The results show that factors in the technological, organizational and environmental contexts have direct statistically significant relationship with adoption; thus, adoption is more driven by T-O-E factors than by individual factors. For individual context, social factor equally was statistically supported, whereas hedonistic drive was not. Research limitations/implications The study is limited by its scope of data collection and phases; therefore, extended data are needed to apply the findings to other sectors/industries/countries and to factor in the implementation and post-adoption phases and business to business (B2B) adoption to forge a more holistic framework. Practical/implications Implicit is that the findings encourage vendors and policy makers to recognize the strength of interpersonal and group relationships in addition to T-O-E contexts in developing investment decisions. Originality/value The paper contributes to the growing research on innovation adoption by using factors within the T-O-E and UTAUT frameworks to explain SMEs’ adoption of technologies.

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Yang, Juan, Chang Yu, Xiaoming Fan, Suxia Liang, Shaofeng Li, Huawei Huang, Zheng Ling, Ce Hao i Jieshan Qiu. "Electroactive edge site-enriched nickel–cobalt sulfide into graphene frameworks for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors". Energy & Environmental Science 9, nr 4 (2016): 1299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ee03633j.

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The integrated hybrid architectures composed of edge site-enriched nickel–cobalt sulfide (Ni–Co–S) nanoparticles and graphene as advanced materials for asymmetric supercapacitors are configured, delivering a superb rate capability.

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van Reisen, Mirjam, Samson Yohannes Amare, Reginald Nalugala, Getu Tadele Taye, Tesfit Gebremeskil Gebreselassie, Araya Abrha Medhanyie, Erik Schultes i Mohamed Mpezamihigo. "Federated FAIR principles: Ownership, localisation and regulatory compliance (OLR)". FAIR Connect 1, nr 1 (21.04.2023): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fc-230506.

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FAIR-Guidelines can be enriched to include ownership of data, localisation of storing data and stewardship that respects regulatory frameworks relevant to the jurisdiction. It is proposed that this is referred as FAIR-OLR; OLR referring to Ownership, Localisation and Regulation of data production in jurisdiction.

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Zhang, Jianpei, Xun-an Ning, Danping Li, Yi Wang, Xiaojun Lai i Weixuan Ou. "Nitrogen-enriched micro-mesoporous carbon derived from polymers organic frameworks for high-performance capacitive deionization". Journal of Environmental Sciences 111 (styczeń 2022): 282–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2021.03.006.

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Metcalf, Heather, Dorian Russell i Catherine Hill. "Broadening the Science of Broadening Participation in STEM Through Critical Mixed Methodologies and Intersectionality Frameworks". American Behavioral Scientist 62, nr 5 (21.04.2018): 580–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218768872.

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If we wish to see our STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) broadening participation efforts affect change, we must also critically reflect upon and broaden our scientific approaches to studying STEM participation, adopting methodologies and frameworks that most appropriately fit the problems and questions at hand. In this article, we discuss how critical mixed-methodological approaches and intersectionality frameworks offer the possibility of a science of broadening participation that deeply understands, contextualizes, and addresses complex barriers to STEM inclusion. First, we describe the suggested approaches and frameworks, illustrating how they allow us to improve how we collect, measure, interpret, and analyze data. Next, we provide some specific examples of how such approaches and frameworks have enriched our scientific work. Last, we offer some final recommendations for researchers seeking to broaden the science of broadening participation in STEM.

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Hesham, Yomna, Ahmed Yousry, Seham Mostafa Qutb i Nada Saleh. "An Ecosystem-Enriched (EDPSEEA) Methodology for Sustainable Urban Development of Communities in Egypt". Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 78, nr 2 (14.07.2022): 100–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.78.2.30421.

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Despite efforts to achieve environmental sustainability, the globe is not yet on the right track; various difficulties have lately emerged because of development, including natural resource depletion, biodiversity loss, and pollution issues. The strategic objectives of the environment for the year 2030 aim to achieve rational management of natural resource assets and the maintenance of the balance of ecosystems and biodiversity, and hence, it is necessary to deal with the important challenges of current urban development, which directly and indirectly affect resources and ecosystems, and human health. This has led to development of tools to consider the relationship between human activities and environmental sustainability in a policy-relevant way. Such tools can identify policies that might simultaneously achieve sustainability, preserve resources while protecting health and equity. This paper aims at understanding the impact of various urban development sectors on environmental ecosystems through employing a systematic framework to formulate appropriate measures and policies to confront these challenges. Various methodological frameworks are reviewed leading to selection of the ecosystems-enriched Drivers, Pressures, State, Exposure, Effect Action (eDPSEEA) as an appropriate tool for assessing and determining the cause and effect of an ecosystem to guide and direct responses and actions in the Egyptian context. El Fayoum Governorate is selected as a case study to test the suitability of this framework. The study concludes that the application of this systemic methodological approach can enhance understanding of the interrelationships among the multifaceted components within the urban system and its impacts on ecosystems, helping to enhance the decision-making and implementation processes.

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Liu, Lizhen, Yu Wang, Rongyan Lin, Zizhu Yao, Quanjie Lin, Lihua Wang, Zhangjing Zhang i Shengchang Xiang. "Two water-stable lanthanide metal–organic frameworks with oxygen-rich channels for fluorescence sensing of Fe(iii) ions in aqueous solution". Dalton Transactions 47, nr 45 (2018): 16190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt03741h.

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Creci, Simone, Anna Martinelli, Szilvia Vavra, Per-Anders Carlsson i Magnus Skoglundh. "Acidity as Descriptor for Methanol Desorption in B-, Ga- and Ti-MFI Zeotypes". Catalysts 11, nr 1 (12.01.2021): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11010097.

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The isomorphous substitution of Si with metals other than Al in zeotype frameworks allows for tuning the acidity of the zeotype and, therefore, to tailor the catalyst’s properties as a function of the desired catalytic reaction. In this study, B, Ga, and Ti are incorporated in the MFI framework of silicalite samples and the following series of increasing acidity is observed: Ti-silicalite < B-silicalite < Ga-silicalite. It is also observed that the lower the acidity of the sample, the easier the methanol desorption from the zeotype surface. In the target reaction, namely the direct conversion of methane to methanol, methanol extraction is affected by the zeotype acidity. Therefore, the results shown in this study contribute to a more enriched knowledge of this reaction.

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Quadri, Rana, i Anupama Deshpande. "Deep Learning-Based Segmentation and Classification of COVID-19 Infection Severity Levels from CT Scans". Revue d'Intelligence Artificielle 36, nr 1 (28.02.2022): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ria.360105.

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Due to the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) around the globe, the detection and treatment of COVID-19 patients is an extremely essential process in healthcare systems. Among many imaging technologies, Computed Tomography (CT) analyses with deep learning frameworks offer better efficiency than the other imaging modalities. To segment the infected COVID-19 Region-Of-Interests (ROIs), an Enriched 2.5D U-Net (E2.5D U-Net)-based deep learner has been used. In contrast, it requires categorization of infection severity to identify the patients in the prior stage. Hence, in this article, feature extraction with a classification framework is proposed to learn deep features related to the infection disease severity. In this framework, each segment from the E2.5D U-Net is fed to a deep learner such as DenseNet201 to extract the deep features. These features are learned independently by different machine learning classifiers to categorize the infection severity levels. It aids physicians in diagnosing COVID-19 patients in advance. But it needs other infection-related features to enhance the efficiency. Therefore, a multi-modeling classification framework is proposed. This framework extracts the handcrafted features from CT scans and concatenates them with the deep features to get the unified feature vector. Moreover, these feature vectors are trained by using the multi-modeling classifier for predicting the infection severity levels with higher accuracy. At last, the testing outcomes exhibit that the multi-modal classifier establishes a higher efficiency than the standard classifier frameworks.

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Kegler, Michelle C., Ilana G. Raskind, Dawn L. Comeau, Derek M. Griffith, Hannah L. F. Cooper i Rachel C. Shelton. "Study Design and Use of Inquiry Frameworks in Qualitative Research Published in Health Education & Behavior". Health Education & Behavior 46, nr 1 (18.09.2018): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198118795018.

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Qualitative methods help us understand context, explore new phenomena, identify new research questions, and uncover new models of change. To better understand how researchers in health education and health behavior use qualitative methods, we reviewed qualitative articles published in Health Education & Behavior from 2000 to 2015. We identified 48 articles that met our inclusion criteria and extracted information on the qualitative inquiry framework, use of theory, data collection methods, sampling strategy, general analysis approach, and reporting of results. Use of common qualitative inquiry frameworks was rare, with just one grounded theory study, five ethnographies, and one case study. No studies were framed using phenomenological or narrative inquiry approaches. Theory was used most commonly to select sensitizing constructs for analysis (41.7%) and to inform development of data collection instruments (27.1%). Interviews were the most common data collection method (66.7%), with focus groups next most common (39.6%). Sampling was typically purposive (87.5%), although often not labeled as such. Almost all (95.8%) the articles used quotes to illustrate themes and more than half (58.3%) used descriptors of magnitude (e.g., most, some) to report findings. The use of qualitative methods by health education and behavior researchers could be enriched with more intentional application of a broader range of inquiry frameworks. More deliberate application of a range of inquiry frameworks has the potential to broaden the types of research questions asked, application and generation of theory, study design, analytic strategies, and reporting of results.

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Enochs, Ian C., Derek P. Manzello, Graham Kolodziej, Sam H. C. Noonan, Lauren Valentino i Katharina E. Fabricius. "Enhanced macroboring and depressed calcification drive net dissolution at high-CO 2 coral reefs". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, nr 1842 (16.11.2016): 20161742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1742.

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Ocean acidification (OA) impacts the physiology of diverse marine taxa; among them corals that create complex reef framework structures. Biological processes operating on coral reef frameworks remain largely unknown from naturally high-carbon-dioxide (CO 2 ) ecosystems. For the first time, we independently quantified the response of multiple functional groups instrumental in the construction and erosion of these frameworks (accretion, macroboring, microboring, and grazing) along natural OA gradients. We deployed blocks of dead coral skeleton for roughly 2 years at two reefs in Papua New Guinea, each experiencing volcanically enriched CO 2 , and employed high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to create three-dimensional models of changing skeletal structure. OA conditions were correlated with decreased calcification and increased macroboring, primarily by annelids, representing a group of bioeroders not previously known to respond to OA. Incubation of these blocks, using the alkalinity anomaly methodology, revealed a switch from net calcification to net dissolution at a pH of roughly 7.8, within Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) predictions for global ocean waters by the end of the century. Together these data represent the first comprehensive experimental study of bioerosion and calcification from a naturally high-CO 2 reef ecosystem, where the processes of accelerated erosion and depressed calcification have combined to alter the permanence of this essential framework habitat.

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Gonzalez, Miguel I., Julia Oktawiec i Jeffrey R. Long. "Ethylene oligomerization in metal–organic frameworks bearing nickel(ii) 2,2′-bipyridine complexes". Faraday Discussions 201 (2017): 351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7fd00061h.

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The metal–organic frameworks Zr₆O₄(OH)₄(bpydc)₆ (1; bpydc²⁻ = 2,2′-bipyridine-5,5′-dicarboxylate) and Zr₆O₄(OH)₄(bpydc)_0.84(bpdc)_5.16 (2; bpdc²⁻ = biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylate) were readily metalated with Ni(DME)Br₂ (DME = dimethoxyethane) to produce the corresponding metalated frameworks 1(NiBr₂)₆ and 2(NiBr₂)_0.84. Both nickel(ii)-containing frameworks catalyze the oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of Et₂AlCl. In these systems, the pore environment around the active nickel sites significantly influences their selectivity for formation of oligomers over polymer. Specifically, the single-crystal structure of 1(NiBr₂)_5.64 reveals that surrounding metal–linker complexes enforce a steric environment on each nickel site that causes polymer formation to become favorable. Minimizing this steric congestion by isolating the nickel(ii) bipyridine complexes in the mixed-linker framework 2(NiBr₂)_0.84 markedly improves both the catalytic activity and selectivity for oligomers. Furthermore, both frameworks give product mixtures that are enriched in shorter olefins (C_4–10), leading to deviations from the expected Schulz–Flory distribution of oligomers. Although these deviations indicate possible pore confinement effects on selectivity, control experiments using the nickel-treated biphenyl framework Zr₆O₄(OH)₄(bpdc)₆(NiBr₂)_0.14 (3(NiBr₂)_0.14) reveal that they likely arise at least in part from the presence of nickel species that are not ligated by bipyridine within 1(NiBr₂)_5.64 and 2(NiBr₂)_0.84.

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Lai, Qingxue, Yingxuan Zhao, Yanyu Liang, Jianping He i Junhong Chen. "In Situ Confinement Pyrolysis Transformation of ZIF-8 to Nitrogen-Enriched Meso-Microporous Carbon Frameworks for Oxygen Reduction". Advanced Functional Materials 26, nr 45 (6.10.2016): 8334–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201603607.

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Karpas, Erez, Tomer Sagi, Carmel Domshlak, Avigdor Gal, Avi Mendelson i Moshe Tennenholtz. "Data-Parallel Computing Meets STRIPS". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 27, nr 1 (30.06.2013): 474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v27i1.8590.

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The increased demand for distributed computations on “big data” has led to solutions such as SCOPE, DryadLINQ, Pig, and Hive, which allow the user to specify queries in an SQL-like language, enriched with sets of user-defined operators. The lack of exact semantics for user-defined operators interferes with the query optimization process, thus putting the burden of suggesting, at least partial, query plans on the user. In an attempt to ease this burden, we propose a formal model that allows for data-parallel program synthesis (DPPS) in a semantically well-defined manner. We show that this model generalizes existing frameworks for data-parallel computation, while providing the flexibility of query plan generation that is currently absent from these frameworks. In particular, we show how existing, off-the-shelf, AI planning tools can be used for solving DPPS tasks.

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van Essen, Machiel, Esther Montrée, Menno Houben, Zandrie Borneman i Kitty Nijmeijer. "Magnetically Aligned and Enriched Pathways of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 8 in Matrimid Mixed Matrix Membranes for Enhanced CO2 Permeability". Membranes 10, nr 7 (17.07.2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10070155.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as additives in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for gas separation have gained significant attention over the past decades. Many design parameters have been investigated for MOF based MMMs, but the spatial distribution of the MOF throughout MMMs lacks investigation. Therefore, magnetically aligned and enriched pathways of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF−8) in Matrimid MMMs were synthesized and investigated by means of their N2 and CO2 permeability. Magnetic ZIF−8 (m–ZIF−8) was synthesized by incorporating Fe3O4 in the ZIF−8 structure. The presence of Fe3O4 in m–ZIF−8 showed a decrease in surface area and N2 and CO2 uptake, with respect to pure ZIF−8. Alignment of m–ZIF−8 in Matrimid showed the presence of enriched pathways of m–ZIF−8 through the MMMs. At 10 wt.% m–ZIF−8 incorporation, no effect of alignment was observed for the N2 and CO2 permeability, which was ascribed anon-ideal tortuous alignment. However, alignment of 20 wt.% m–ZIF−8 in Matrimid showed to increase the CO2 diffusivity and permeability (19%) at 7 bar, while no loss in ideal selectivity was observed, with respect to homogeneously dispersed m–ZIF−8 membranes. Thus, the alignment of MOF particles throughout the matrix was shown to enhance the CO2 permeability at a certain weight content of MOF.

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Du, Wenqing, Yongqian Zheng, Xueyi Liu, Jie Cheng, R. Chenna Krishna Reddy, Akif Zeb, Xiaoming Lin i Yifan Luo. "Oxygen-enriched vacancy spinel MFe2O4/carbon (M = Ni, Mn, Co) derived from metal-organic frameworks toward boosting lithium storage". Chemical Engineering Journal 451 (styczeń 2023): 138626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.138626.

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Wang, Zhibo, Zhezhi He, Milan Shah, Teng Zhang, Deliang Fan i Wei Zhang. "Network-based multi-task learning models for biomarker selection and cancer outcome prediction". Bioinformatics 36, nr 6 (5.11.2019): 1814–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz809.

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Abstract Motivation Detecting cancer gene expression and transcriptome changes with mRNA-sequencing or array-based data are important for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and cellular events during cancer progression. In previous studies, the differentially expressed genes were detected across patients in one cancer type. These studies ignored the role of mRNA expression changes in driving tumorigenic mechanisms that are either universal or specific in different tumor types. To address the problem, we introduce two network-based multi-task learning frameworks, NetML and NetSML, to discover common differentially expressed genes shared across different cancer types as well as differentially expressed genes specific to each cancer type. The proposed frameworks consider the common latent gene co-expression modules and gene–sample biclusters underlying the multiple cancer datasets to learn the knowledge crossing different tumor types. Results Large-scale experiments on simulations and real cancer high-throughput datasets validate that the proposed network-based multi-task learning frameworks perform better sample classification compared with the models without the knowledge sharing across different cancer types. The common and cancer-specific molecular signatures detected by multi-task learning frameworks on The Cancer Genome Atlas ovarian, breast and prostate cancer datasets are correlated with the known marker genes and enriched in cancer-relevant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathways and gene ontology terms. Availability and implementation Source code is available at: https://github.com/compbiolabucf/NetML. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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Shmelev, Stanislav E., Linus Agbleze i Joachim H. Spangenberg. "Multidimensional Ecosystem Mapping: Towards a More Comprehensive Spatial Assessment of Nature’s Contributions to People in France". Sustainability 15, nr 9 (4.05.2023): 7557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15097557.

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Ecosystems are experiencing significant pressure from human activities, with 1 million species at risk of extinction. This is threatening to undermine the resilience of ecosystems, which provide multiple benefits to support human existence and are essential for the support of life on Earth. A number of conceptual frameworks have been developed as a guide for the assessment of ecosystem services (ESs) and nature’s contributions to people (NCPs), including Millennium Ecosystems Assessment, The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity report, France’s National Ecosystems Assessment, the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services, and the Global Assessment of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. In this paper, we compare the existing conceptual frameworks for the assessment of ESs and NCPs and derive a unified structural framework. Several indicators for characterizing the ESs/NCPs provided are selected and integrated through normalization. On this basis, and enriched by a number of culture-specific indicators, we conduct a mapping exercise illustrating the ES/NCP provision for the whole of France in a spatially explicit form based on a 1 × 1 km scale. Finally, we generate integrated maps depicting distribution patterns of different services and contributions across the landscapes of France focusing on economic, social and ecological dimensions. The results indicate that a non-monetary assessment of the complexity and diversity of NCPs is feasible and presents tangible advantages as compared to monetary frameworks. The paper concludes that provisioning, regulating and cultural services and contributions are geographically unevenly distributed and further analysis is required to assess the degree of complementarity, feedback loops and tipping points among different services. Our pilot research clearly illustrated the feasibility of conducting a highly disaggregated multidimensional assessment of ESs/NCPs at the national scale to inform decision making.

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Wu, Haihong, Min Zeng, Zhiyun Li, Xiang Zhu, Chengcheng Tian, Chungu Xia, Lin He i Sheng Dai. "Coupling FeNi alloys and hollow nitrogen-enriched carbon frameworks leads to high-performance oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable zinc–air batteries". Sustainable Energy & Fuels 3, nr 1 (2019): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8se00362a.

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Zawistowski, Jerzy, i Peter Jones. "Regulatory Aspects Related to Plant Sterol and Stanol Supplemented Foods". Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 98, nr 3 (1.05.2015): 750–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.sgezawistowski.

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Abstract This chapter reviews regulatory frameworks for plant sterol containing functional foods in various jurisdictions including Europe, North America, South America, Asia and, Australia/New Zealand. Included is a discussion on approval of plant sterols as novel food ingredients in some countries, as well as details on the type of health claims permitted in the marketing and sale of foods enriched with plant sterols within each jurisdiction. Based on the abundance of clinical trial data, many countries around the world have now approved the use of claims relating the cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols, further attesting to their value as functional food ingredients.

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De Haes, Steven, Wim Van Grembergen, Dirk Gemke i John Thorp. "Inter-Organizational Governance of Information Technology". International Journal of IT/Business Alignment and Governance 3, nr 1 (styczeń 2012): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitbag.2012010102.

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There is little research available that specifically looks at how organizations define and implement their inter-organizational governance of information technology. The challenge in such environments is also observed in large organizations where multiple business units and activities often have separate strategies and investment priorities. This paper provides both practitioners and academics with an enriched understanding of how the international airline company KLM introduced IT related governance principles and practices tailored for a multi-business-unit global organization. Insights from this exploratory single case study can contribute to further theory building and practitioner guidance regarding the crafting of both intra- and inter-organisational governance frameworks.

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Hsieh, Pasha L. "The Roadmap to the ASEAN-EU FTA in the Post-Pandemic Era". Legal Issues of Economic Integration 49, Issue 2 (1.03.2022): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/leie2022006.

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Relations between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the European Union (EU) have enriched the multifaceted concept of interregionalism from legal and international relations perspectives. The article argues that the transformative ASEAN-EU frameworks have shaped the Third Interregionalism. Brussels’ building-block approach envisions pathfinder agreements with individual ASEAN states as the basis for the ASEAN-EU FTA, which will help realize the EU’s Indo-Pacific strategy and the ASEAN-EU Strategic Partnership. The designs of the EU’s trade and investment agreements with Singapore and Vietnam are therefore critical. The article assesses core areas such as tariff liberalization and ASEAN cumulative rules of origin, as well as commitments of trade in services and non-tariff barriers in key industries. Contributors to the special issue further analyse cutting-edge issues involving electronic commerce and sustainable development. These on-the-ground insights contribute to a new understanding of ASEAN-EU legal frameworks and evolving interregionalism in the post-pandemic era. ASEAN-EU FTA – CPTPP – Indo-Pacific strategy – Investment Protection – Singapore – RCEP – Sustainable Development – Third Interregionalism – Vietnam

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KUBOTA, YUSUKE. "The scope interpretation of complex predicates in Japanese: A unified lexicalist analysis". Journal of Linguistics 43, nr 3 (22.10.2007): 489–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226707004756.

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This paper proposes a unified analysis of adverb scope and quantifier scope phenomena in a lexicalist approach to complex predicates. I first observe that the availability of scope ambiguity for adverbs and for quantifiers always coincides for a given type of complex predicate, drawing on data from different kinds of compound verb constructions, the verbal noun-taking predicates and the nominative object construction. The challenge for a unified treatment in lexicalist frameworks comes from the fact that syntactic structures cannot be taken as the locus for representing the scope of adverbs and quantifiers, unlike in derivational frameworks where such an analysis is the most natural. Thus, a previous lexicalist analysis by Manning, Sag & Iida (1999) makes use of completely different mechanisms to account for adverb scope and quantifier scope, failing to capture the close parallel between them. I remedy this problem of Manning et al.'s analysis by proposing a unified account of adverb scope and quantifier scope that crucially makes use of a slightly enriched semantic representation explicitly encoding the property of mono-/biclausality with respect to scopal phenomena.

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Imam, S. H., M. J. Buchanan, H. C. Shin i W. J. Snell. "The Chlamydomonas cell wall: characterization of the wall framework." Journal of Cell Biology 101, nr 4 (1.10.1985): 1599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.101.4.1599.

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The cell wall of the biflagellate alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a multilayered, extracellular matrix composed of carbohydrates and 20-25 polypeptides. To learn more about the forces responsible for the integrity of this cellulose-deficient cell wall, we have begun studies to identify and characterize the framework of the wall and to determine the effects of the cell wall-degrading enzyme, lysin, on framework structure and protein composition. In these studies we used walls released into the medium by mating gametes. When isolated shed walls are degraded by exogenously added lysin, no changes are detected in the charge or molecular weight of the 20-25 wall proteins and glycoproteins when analyzed on one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels, which suggests that degradation of these shed walls is due either to cleavage of peptide bonds very near the ends of polypeptides or that degradation occurs via a mechanism other than proteolysis. Incubation of walls with Sarkosyl-urea solutions removes most of the proteins and yields thin structures that appear to be the frameworks of the walls. Analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows that the frameworks are highly enriched in a polypeptide of Mr 100,000. Treatment of frameworks with lysin leads to their degradation, which indicates that this part of the wall is a substrate for the enzyme. Although lysin converts the Mr 100,000 polypeptide from an insoluble to a soluble form, there is no detectable change in Mr of the framework protein. Solubilization in the absence of lysin requires treatment with SDS and dithiothreitol at 100 degrees C. These results suggest that the Chlamydomonas cell wall is composed of two separate domains: one containing approximately 20 proteins held together by noncovalent interactions and a second domain, containing only a few proteins, which constitutes the framework of the wall. The result that shed walls can be solubilized by boiling in SDS-dithiothreitol indicates that disulfide linkages are critical for wall integrity. Using an alternative method for isolating walls from mechanically disrupted gametes, we have also shown that a wall-shaped portion of these unshed walls is insoluble under the same conditions in which shed walls are soluble. One interpretation of these results is that wall release during mating and the wall degradation that follows may involve distinct biochemical events.

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Huang, Peng, Yang Wu, Xinxin Wang, Peng Chen, Shuigen Li i Yuan-Li Ding. "Engineering edge-exposed MoS2 nanoflakes anchored on the 3D cross-linked carbon frameworks for enhanced lithium storage". Functional Materials Letters 13, nr 08 (listopad 2020): 2051050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604720510509.

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High-rate capability and long cycle life are currently the two most major challenges for high-power rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Developing electroactive materials with high-efficiency electron/ion transport network and robust mechanical stability is a key. Herein, we have successfully designed and fabricated 3D cross-linked nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheet frameworks with good interconnection and hierarchical nanostructures, and simultaneously decorated edge-enriched molybdenum disulfide (MoS[Formula: see text] nanoflakes inside the whole carbon scaffold via a salt template assisted confinement pyrolysis strategy, yielding the unique 3D carbon scaffold/MoS2 hybrids. In such a design, such hybrids not only facilitate lithium diffusion kinetics and efficient utilization of MoS2nanoflakes owing to much exposed edges and well interconnection between active components and carbon frameworks, but also provide highly efficient electron/ion transport pathway. When evaluated as anode for lithium storage, the obtained products show superior rate capability of 284 mAh g[Formula: see text] up to 5 A g[Formula: see text] and long-term cycling stability. This work demonstrates an efficient solution to design and construct a high-efficiency electron/ion transport network for high-power applications for energy storage devices.

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Li, Wei-Jie, Shu-Lei Chou, Jia-Zhao Wang, Yong-Mook Kang, Jian-Li Wang, Yong Liu, Qin-Fen Gu, Hua-Kun Liu i Shi-Xue Dou. "Facile Method To Synthesize Na-Enriched Na1+xFeFe(CN)6 Frameworks as Cathode with Superior Electrochemical Performance for Sodium-Ion Batteries". Chemistry of Materials 27, nr 6 (12.03.2015): 1997–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm504091z.

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Li, Yao, Pengfei Lu, Ping Shang, Lisha Wu, Xiao Wang, Yanfeng Dong, Ronghuan He i Zhong-Shuai Wu. "Pyridinic nitrogen enriched porous carbon derived from bimetal organic frameworks for high capacity zinc ion hybrid capacitors with remarkable rate capability". Journal of Energy Chemistry 56 (maj 2021): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2020.08.005.

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Linh, Pham My, Ngo Thi Hang i Dao Bich Ngoc. "CREDIT CONSTRAINTS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM FIRMS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM ASEAN ECONOMIES". Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 57, nr 4 (29.08.2022): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.57.4.20.

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This study uses a comprehensive dataset of 5938 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in seven ASEAN economies to scrutinize the credit constraints currently deteriorating the firms’ growth incentives and development paths. By employing the ordered logit model to the research sample, we extracted novel and valuable findings that highly enriched the research field and provided a firm foundation for our recommendations to loosen credit obstacles to supporting ASEAN SMEs’ development in the future. Specifically, we found strong and positive linkages between SMEs’ easier access to credit and a group of factors including firm’s age, industry, export activities, audited financial statements, and female managers. Meanwhile, rising business competition and unfavorable legal frameworks block SMEs from obtaining credit finance.

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Feng, Xiaoyu, Yongyue Ning, Zhongdong Wu, Zihan Li, Cuixing Xu, Gangyong Li i Zongqian Hu. "Defect-Enriched Graphene Nanoribbons Tune the Adsorption Behavior of the Mediator to Boost the Lactate/Oxygen Biofuel Cell". Nanomaterials 13, nr 6 (17.03.2023): 1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13061089.

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Owing to the high efficiency and specificity in moderate conditions, enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) have gained significant interest as a promising energy source for wearable devices. However, the instability of the bioelectrode and the lack of efficient electrical communication between the enzymes and electrodes are the main obstacles. Herein, defect-enriched 3D graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) frameworks are fabricated by unzipping multiwall carbon nanotubes, followed by thermal annealing. It is found that defective carbon shows stronger adsorption energy towards the polar mediators than the pristine carbon, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the bioelectrodes. Consequently, the EBFCs equipped with the GNRs exhibit a significantly enhanced bioelectrocatalytic performance and operational stability, delivering an open-circuit voltage and power density of 0.62 V, 70.7 μW/cm2, and 0.58 V, 18.6 μW/cm2 in phosphate buffer solution and artificial tear, respectively, which represent the high levels among the reported literature. This work provides a design principle according to which defective carbon materials could be more suitable for the immobilization of biocatalytic components in the application of EBFCs.

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Kumar Srivastava, Amit, i Sushil Sushil. "Modelling drivers of adapt for effective strategy execution". Learning Organization 21, nr 6 (2.09.2014): 369–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tlo-08-2013-0038.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for “Adapt” in the context of strategy execution. Design/methodology/approach – Both exploratory and confirmatory modes of research using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Interpretive Structure Modeling, Total Interpretive Structural Modeling and t-test methods have been conducted. Findings – The conceptualization of learning and learning organization can only be possible when organization develops adaptive culture. When an organization becomes learning organization, it starts becoming vital by adopting flexibility wherever and whenever it is required. This vitalization process helps organization use successfully the frameworks of strategy execution. Research limitations/implications – In many cases the Balance Score Card could not succeed. Our study suggests that the adaptive culture gives impetus for learning and growth suggested in balanced scorecard (BSC) and adapt suggested in Management System. This study is more an exploratory effort with limited sample size. The findings can be consolidated and enriched with significantly large sample from varied contexts. Practical implications – There is clear relative importance and sequence of corrective actions required to improve the hit rate of strategy execution. Organization can use the proposed framework to handle the issues of adapt in strategy execution. Originality/value – Many scholars have pointed out that there is lack of strategy execution framework, and more specifically, in the case of adapt. The study contributes by providing a conceptual framework to address different aspects of adapt and change management for effective strategy execution. Additionally, this study adds methodological value to traditional model building.

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Xie, Xinyu, Joy Thomas, Chang-Tang Chang i Hong Tao. "Influence of Alkalinization Over Metal Organic Frameworks MIL-100(Fe) for Enhanced Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Adsorbents". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, nr 11 (1.11.2021): 5510–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19474.

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Substantial attempts have been undertaken for the improvement of the air quality over decades; and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from the chemical and textile industries are truly listed as severe issue to be controlled. To come up with modus operandi for this issue, a novel composite of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) MIL-100(Fe) with salient tuned features of natrite was designed by a green and facile method. Mineralized composite MOFs exhibited enhanced crystallinity than pure MIL-100(Fe) as well showcased a higher surface area of 1300 m2 g−1. Through dynamic acetone pressure swing adsorption setup, MIL-0.05Na (MIL-100(Fe) synthesized with 0.05 mM Na2CO3 solution) revealed an enhanced acetone adsorption of 210 mg g 1 at room temperature. Gas phase adsorption isotherms confirmed the mono layer adsorption behavior. The kinetics models evaluated that the external mass transfer was the rate limiting step for surface adsorption. The thermodynamic study manifested that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous and exothermic. The proposed mechanism of adsorption was the act of physisorption which enriched the adsorbents reusability. This research work provides a futuristic vista to design mineralized Fe-MOFs composites for an energy saving adsorbents for VOCs removal.

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Park, Sangick, Eunchong Huang i Taejin Ahn. "Classification and Functional Analysis between Cancer and Normal Tissues Using Explainable Pathway Deep Learning through RNA-Sequencing Gene Expression". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, nr 21 (26.10.2021): 11531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111531.

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Deep learning has proven advantageous in solving cancer diagnostic or classification problems. However, it cannot explain the rationale behind human decisions. Biological pathway databases provide well-studied relationships between genes and their pathways. As pathways comprise knowledge frameworks widely used by human researchers, representing gene-to-pathway relationships in deep learning structures may aid in their comprehension. Here, we propose a deep neural network (PathDeep), which implements gene-to-pathway relationships in its structure. We also provide an application framework measuring the contribution of pathways and genes in deep neural networks in a classification problem. We applied PathDeep to classify cancer and normal tissues based on the publicly available, large gene expression dataset. PathDeep showed higher accuracy than fully connected neural networks in distinguishing cancer from normal tissues (accuracy = 0.994) in 32 tissue samples. We identified 42 pathways related to 32 cancer tissues and 57 associated genes contributing highly to the biological functions of cancer. The most significant pathway was G-protein-coupled receptor signaling, and the most enriched function was the G1/S transition of the mitotic cell cycle, suggesting that these biological functions were the most common cancer characteristics in the 32 tissues.

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Shah, Syed Shoaib Ahmad, Tayyaba Najam, Costas Molochas, Muhammad Altaf Nazir, Angeliki Brouzgou, Muhammad Sufyan Javed, Aziz ur Rehman i Panagiotis Tsiakaras. "Nanostructure Engineering of Metal–Organic Derived Frameworks: Cobalt Phosphide Embedded in Carbon Nanotubes as an Efficient ORR Catalyst". Molecules 26, nr 21 (4.11.2021): 6672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216672.

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Heteroatom doping is considered an efficient strategy when tuning the electronic and structural modulation of catalysts to achieve improved performance towards renewable energy applications. Herein, we synthesized a series of carbon-based hierarchical nanostructures through the controlled pyrolysis of Co-MOF (metal organic framework) precursors followed by in situ phosphidation. Two kinds of catalysts were prepared: metal nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanotubes, and metal nanoparticles dispersed on the carbon surface. The results proved that the metal nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanotubes exhibit enhanced ORR electrocatalytic performance, owed to the enriched catalytic sites and the mass transfer facilitating channels provided by the hierarchical porous structure of the carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, the phosphidation of the metal nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanotubes (P-Co-CNTs) increases the surface area and porosity, resulting in faster electron transfer, greater conductivity, and lower charge transfer resistance towards ORR pathways. The P-Co-CNT catalyst shows a half-wave potential of 0.887 V, a Tafel slope of 67 mV dec−1, and robust stability, which are comparatively better than the precious metal catalyst (Pt/C). Conclusively, this study delivers a novel path for designing multiple crystal phases with improved catalytic performance for energy devices.

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Zhou, Sheng, Jiayi Qin, Xueru Zhao i Jing Yang. "3D hierarchically macro-/mesoporous graphene frameworks enriched with pyridinic-nitrogen-cobalt active sites as efficient reversible oxygen electrocatalysts for rechargeable zinc-air batteries". Chinese Journal of Catalysis 42, nr 4 (kwiecień 2021): 571–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63642-7.

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Ye, Guanying, Kuangmin Zhao, Zhen He, Rongjiao Huang, Yuchi Liu i Suqin Liu. "Fe-Nx Sites Enriched Carbon Micropolyhedrons Derived from Fe-Doped Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks with Reinforced Fe-N Coordination for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction". ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 6, nr 11 (2.10.2018): 15624–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b04105.

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Babacan, K., L. Chen i G. Sohn. "SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION OF INDOOR POINT CLOUDS USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK". ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-4/W4 (13.11.2017): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w4-101-2017.

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As Building Information Modelling (BIM) thrives, geometry becomes no longer sufficient; an ever increasing variety of semantic information is needed to express an indoor model adequately. On the other hand, for the existing buildings, automatically generating semantically enriched BIM from point cloud data is in its infancy. The previous research to enhance the semantic content rely on frameworks in which some specific rules and/or features that are hand coded by specialists. These methods immanently lack generalization and easily break in different circumstances. On this account, a generalized framework is urgently needed to automatically and accurately generate semantic information. Therefore we propose to employ deep learning techniques for the semantic segmentation of point clouds into meaningful parts. More specifically, we build a volumetric data representation in order to efficiently generate the high number of training samples needed to initiate a convolutional neural network architecture. The feedforward propagation is used in such a way to perform the classification in voxel level for achieving semantic segmentation. The method is tested both for a mobile laser scanner point cloud, and a larger scale synthetically generated data. We also demonstrate a case study, in which our method can be effectively used to leverage the extraction of planar surfaces in challenging cluttered indoor environments.

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Torresani, A., S. Rigon, E. M. Farella, F. Menna i F. Remondino. "UNVEILING LARGE-SCALE HISTORICAL CONTENTS WITH V-SLAM AND MARKERLESS MOBILE AR SOLUTIONS". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (28.08.2021): 761–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-761-2021.

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Abstract. Augmented Reality (AR) is already transforming many fields, from medical applications to industry, entertainment and heritage. In its most common form, AR expands reality with virtual 3D elements, providing users with an enhanced and enriched experience of the surroundings. Until now, most of the research work focused on techniques based on markers or on GNSS/INS positioning. These approaches require either the preparation of the scene or a strong satellite signal to work properly. In this paper, we investigate the use of visual-based methods, i.e., methods that exploit distinctive features of the scene estimated with Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (V-SLAM) algorithms, to determine and track the user position and attitude. The detected features, which encode the visual appearance of the scene, can be saved and later used to track the user in successive AR sessions. Existing AR frameworks like Google ARCore, Apple ARKit and Unity AR Foundation recently introduced visual-based localization in their frameworks, but they target mainly small scenarios. We propose a new Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) methodology that exploits OPEN-V-SLAM to extend the application range of Unity AR Foundation and better handle large-scale environments. The proposed methodology is successfully tested in both controlled and real-case large heritage scenarios. Results are available also in this video: https://youtu.be/Q7VybmiWIuI.

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Wu, Yanling, Qinggao Hou, Fangzhou Li, Yuanhua Sang, Mengyang Hao, Xi Tang, Fangyuan Qiu i Haijun Zhang. "Mitigating Co Metal Particle Agglomeration and Enhancing ORR Catalytic Activity through Nitrogen-Enriched Porous Carbon Derived from Biomass". Catalysts 13, nr 7 (18.07.2023): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13071118.

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Biomass-derived porous carbon has gained significant attention as a cost-effective and sustainable material in non-noble metal carbon-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, during the preparation of transition metal catalysts based on biomass-derived porous carbon, the agglomeration of transition metal atoms often occurs, leading to a notable decline in catalytic activity. In this study, we present a straightforward synthetic approach for the preparation of nitrogen-enriched soybean-derived porous carbon (Co@SP-C-a) as an electrocatalyst for the ORR. To achieve this, we employed a two-step method. In the first step, a chemical activator (KCl) was utilized to enhance the porosity of the self-doped nitrogen biomass carbon material. In the second step, a constant pressure drop funnel technique was employed to uniformly disperse bimetal cobalt/zinc-based zeolitic imidazolium frameworks (ZIF-L and ZIF-67) containing different metal ions (Zn2+ and Co2+) into the activated biomass carbon material. Subsequent high-temperature calcination of the ZIF-L and ZIF-67@SP-C-a composite precursor yielded the Co@SP-C-a catalyst. The obtained catalyst exhibited remarkable ORR activity in an alkaline solution (Eonset = 0.89 V, E1/2 = 0.83 V, JL = −6.13 mA·cm−2) and exceptional long-term stability. This study presents an effective strategy to prevent the agglomeration of metal nanoparticles when integrating them with biomass-based carbon materials, thus leading to enhanced catalytic performance.

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