Artykuły w czasopismach: „EMPLOYING LOCATION”

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LEHMANN, M. S., T. E. ROBINSON i S. W. WILKINS. "BRAGG-PEAK LOCATION EMPLOYING A MAXIMUM-ENTROPY FORMALISM". Le Journal de Physique Colloques 47, nr C5 (sierpień 1986): C5–55—C5–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1986507.

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TAMBOURATZIS, TATIANA, i MYRSINI GAZELA. "THE ACCURATE ESTIMATION OF METEOROLOGICAL PROFILES EMPLOYING ANNs". International Journal of Neural Systems 12, nr 03n04 (czerwiec 2002): 319–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065702001205.

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The lack of meteorological measurements at a location of interest (target location) constitutes a problem that is crucial for the purposes of both weather forecasting and energy system design/validation. This paper constitutes a pilot study for the accurate estimation of meteorological values at a target location employing the meteorological measurements collected at a nearby (reference) location. Artificial neural networks are investigated and compared with traditional estimation methods such as linear models of first and higher orders and the non-linear model. The significance of the improvement obtained via the estimation — and especially the artificial neural network approach — over simply considering the measurements at the reference location is demonstrated in a number of energy applications.

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Shafiullah, Md, M. Abido i Taher Abdel-Fattah. "Distribution Grids Fault Location employing ST based Optimized Machine Learning Approach". Energies 11, nr 9 (4.09.2018): 2328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092328.

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Precise information of fault location plays a vital role in expediting the restoration process, after being subjected to any kind of fault in power distribution grids. This paper proposed the Stockwell transform (ST) based optimized machine learning approach, to locate the faults and to identify the faulty sections in the distribution grids. This research employed the ST to extract useful features from the recorded three-phase current signals and fetches them as inputs to different machine learning tools (MLT), including the multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLP-NN), support vector machines (SVM), and extreme learning machines (ELM). The proposed approach employed the constriction-factor particle swarm optimization (CF-PSO) technique, to optimize the parameters of the SVM and ELM for their better generalization performance. Hence, it compared the obtained results of the test datasets in terms of the selected statistical performance indices, including the root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), percent bias (PBIAS), RMSE-observations to standard deviation ratio (RSR), coefficient of determination (R2), Willmott’s index of agreement (WIA), and Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSEC) to confirm the effectiveness of the developed fault location scheme. The satisfactory values of the statistical performance indices, indicated the superiority of the optimized machine learning tools over the non-optimized tools in locating faults. In addition, this research confirmed the efficacy of the faulty section identification scheme based on overall accuracy. Furthermore, the presented results validated the robustness of the developed approach against the measurement noise and uncertainties associated with pre-fault loading condition, fault resistance, and inception angle.

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Bolat, Hür Bersam, İrem Otay, Gül Tekin Temur i Şükrü İmre. "An Integrated Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Approach for E-Waste Collection Center Location Problem". International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications 10, nr 2 (kwiecień 2021): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfsa.2021040102.

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Selection of locations for collecting end of life goods is a multi-dimensional problem. In this study, the objective is to propose a hybrid multi-criteria decision model for e-waste collection center location selection problem employing an integrated Pythagorean fuzzy AHP (analytical hierarchy process)-VIKOR (multi-criteria optimization and compromise solution) methodology. A case study from Turkish e-waste recycling industry is conducted in order to verify the success of the proposed methodology. Thirty-nine alternative collection center districts are evaluated and ranked by employing Pythagorean fuzzy VIKOR based on “cost, logistics, environment, socio-culture, and population” and 11 sub-criteria. The study involves 39 e-waste collection location centers, and the model was solved for 50 times for 10 scenarios for each criterion. The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that the evaluation of criteria and determination of their weights have critical effects on the results.

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Polak, Ladislav, Stanislav Rozum, Martin Slanina, Tomas Bravenec, Tomas Fryza i Aggelos Pikrakis. "Received Signal Strength Fingerprinting-Based Indoor Location Estimation Employing Machine Learning". Sensors 21, nr 13 (5.07.2021): 4605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134605.

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The fingerprinting technique is a popular approach to reveal location of persons, instruments or devices in an indoor environment. Typically based on signal strength measurement, a power level map is created first in the learning phase to align with measured values in the inference. Second, the location is determined by taking the point for which the recorded received power level is closest to the power level actually measured. The biggest limit of this technique is the reliability of power measurements, which may lack accuracy in many wireless systems. To this end, this work extends the power level measurement by using multiple anchors and multiple radio channels and, consequently, considers different approaches to aligning the actual measurements with the recorded values. The dataset is available online. This article focuses on the very popular radio technology Bluetooth Low Energy to explore the possible improvement of the system accuracy through different machine learning approaches. It shows how the accuracy–complexity trade-off influences the possible candidate algorithms on an example of three-channel Bluetooth received signal strength based fingerprinting in a one dimensional environment with four static anchors and in a two dimensional environment with the same set of anchors. We provide a literature survey to identify the machine learning algorithms applied in the literature to show that the studies available can not be compared directly. Then, we implement and analyze the performance of four most popular supervised learning techniques, namely k Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, and Artificial Neural Network. In our scenario, the most promising machine learning technique being the Random Forest with classification accuracy over 99%.

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Iserliyska, Dida, Anna V. A. Resurreccion, P. Paraskova, M. S. Chinnan, M. Ruinova i T. Petrova. "Consumer Acceptance of Bulgarian Peanut Butters Employing Central Location Testing (CLT)". Peanut Science 32, nr 2 (lipiec 2005): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/0095-3679(2005)32[126:caobpb]2.0.co;2.

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Ahmadimanesh, A., i S. M. Shahrtash. "Transient-Based Fault-Location Method for Multiterminal Lines Employing S-Transform". IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 28, nr 3 (lipiec 2013): 1373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2013.2248068.

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Nguyen, Cam Ly, i Usman Raza. "LEMOn: Wireless Localization for IoT Employing a Location-Unaware Mobile Unit". IEEE Access 7 (2019): 40488–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904731.

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Dashtdar, Majid, i Masoud Dashtdar. "Detecting the Fault Section in the Distribution Network with Distributed Generators Based on Optimal Placement of Smart Meters". Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty 19, nr 2 (1.10.2019): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sbeef-2019-0017.

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AbstractOne of the most important issues in employing distribution networks is detecting the fault location in medium-voltage distribution feeders. Due to the vastness of distribution networks and growing distributed generation (DG) sources in this network, detection is difficult with the common methods. The aim of this paper is to present a method based on voltage distributed meters in a medium-voltage distribution network (by smart meters installed along the feeder) in order to detect the fault location in the presence of DG sources. Due to vastness of distribution network and cost of installing smart meters, it is not economically possible to install meters in all the Buses of the network. That’s why in this article, combination of genetic and locating algorithms and fault-based on voltage drop has been used to suggest a method to optimize the meter locations. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the method suggested, first we determine the optimal number and location of the meters and then we apply the fault that has been simulated in different Buses of the sample network, using PSCAD/EMTDC software. After results analysis, the fault location is estimated by MATLAB. Simulation results show that the fault locating method by optimal number of meters has good efficiency and accuracy in detecting faults in different spots and in different resistance ranges.

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BEN-ARIE, JEZEKIEL, i ZHIQIAN WANG. "SHAPE DESCRIPTION AND INVARIANT RECOGNITION EMPLOYING CONNECTIONIST APPROACH". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 16, nr 01 (luty 2002): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001402001514.

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This paper presents a new approach for shape description and invariant recognition by geometric-normalization implemented by neural networks. The neural system consists of a shape description network, a normalization network and a recognition stage based on fuzzy pyramidal neural networks. The description network uses a novel approach for hierarchical shape segmentation and representation which expands the image shapes into localized feature tokens. These feature tokens form a compact description of the shape and its components that include information on their location, size and orientation. The description network, which is composed of a novel pyramidal architecture called the Vectorial Gradual Lattice Pyramid, processes in parallel a new vectorial scale space representation of the shape. A novel measure called Cancellation Energy is used to determine the feature tokens. The normalization network utilizes the location, size and orientation information in the feature tokens to geometric-normalize the shape or its components with respect to these parameters. The recognition network which has a pyramidal structure, uses a fuzzy representation of these normalized feature tokens to achieve robust invariant recognition. Experimental results demonstrate robust recognition in large variations of scale, rotation, translation and also in moderate affine transformations and partial occlusion.

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Mohammadi, Younes, Mohammad H. Moradi i Roberto Chouhy Leborgne. "Employing instantaneous positive sequence symmetrical components for voltage sag source relative location". Electric Power Systems Research 151 (październik 2017): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2017.05.030.

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Wang, Guodong, Qiuheng Song, Hekuo Peng, Qian Xiao, Dong Zhao i Bo Jia. "Dual-wavelength Michelson interferometer employing time delay estimation for distributed disturbance location". Optical Fiber Technology 56 (maj 2020): 102181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102181.

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Major, Nikola, Smiljana Goreta Ban, Josipa Perković, Dragan Žnidarčič, Anita Silvana Ilak Peršurić, Milan Oplanić, Gvozden Dumičić, Branimir Urlić i Dean Ban. "Plant Cover Stimulates Quicker Dry Matter Accumulation in “Early” Potato Cultivars without Affecting Nutritional or Sensory Quality". Horticulturae 8, nr 5 (21.04.2022): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050364.

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“Early” potato crops are grown in the Mediterranean basin and are marketed from March to June, well before main-crop potato in the spring–summer growth period. Different growing technologies have been implemented to enhance potato “earliness” to achieve a better market price, but at the same time, the applied technologies may influence yield and quality of the ‘early potato’. The main goal of this study was to investigate differences in “early” potato nutritional and sensory characteristics after oil-frying influenced by location and plant covering in five potato cultivars. The present investigation was carried out at two planting locations during two seasons. The application of a plant cover significantly increased the potato tubers’ dry matter, starch, and sugar content in the second season. Sensory analysis of the oil-fried “early” potatoes revealed no differences between potatoes grown with or without the plant cover. We also observed significantly higher dry matter content in potatoes grown at the Split location in the second year, while no differences in the sensory scores between oil-fried potatoes grown at the investigated locations were observed. By employing a plant cover or by choosing a warmer planting location the desired potato maturity level could be reached in less time, and one could more effectively exploit the “early” potato market. By employing such techniques there should be no loss in yield, nutritional or sensory quality of potato tubers.

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Burbey, Ingrid, i Thomas L. Martin. "A survey on predicting personal mobility". International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications 8, nr 1 (30.03.2012): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17427371211221063.

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PurposeLocation‐prediction enables the next generation of location‐based applications. The purpose of this paper is to provide a historical summary of research in personal location‐prediction. Location‐prediction began as a tool for network management, predicting the load on particular cellular towers or WiFi access points. With the increasing popularity of mobile devices, location‐prediction turned personal, predicting individuals' next locations given their current locations.Design/methodology/approachThis paper includes an overview of prediction techniques and reviews several location‐prediction projects comparing the raw location data, feature extraction, choice of prediction algorithms and their results.FindingsA new trend has emerged, that of employing additional context to improve or expand predictions. Incorporating temporal information enables location‐predictions farther out into the future. Appending place types or place names can improve predictions or develop prediction applications that could be used in any locale. Finally, the authors explore research into diverse types of context, such as people's personal contacts or health activities.Originality/valueThis overview provides a broad background for future research in prediction.

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Huang, Chi-Fang, Yu-Ching Hung i Chia-Lin Liu. "P-53: Precise Location of Touch Panel by Employing the Time-Domain Reflectometry". SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 40, nr 1 (2009): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1889/1.3256532.

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Xie, Liwei, Longfu Luo, Yong Li, Yu Zhang i Yijia Cao. "A Traveling Wave-Based Fault Location Method Employing VMD-TEO for Distribution Network". IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 35, nr 4 (sierpień 2020): 1987–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2019.2959188.

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Panda, S., i R. N. Patel. "Optimal Location of Shunt FACTS Controllers for Transient Stability Improvement Employing Genetic Algorithm". Electric Power Components and Systems 35, nr 2 (luty 2007): 189–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325000600891135.

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Ira Modifa Tarigan, Muhammad Ade Kurnia Harahap, Endang setyawati, Jimmy Moedjahedy, Ernie C Avila i Robbi Rahim. "A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for Warehouse Location Selection using TOPSIS". JINAV: Journal of Information and Visualization 4, nr 1 (15.03.2023): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.jinav1616.

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This research makes use of the Method for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, also known as the TOPSIS approach, in order to discover the most suitable site for a company's warehouse. Following the establishment of the criteria for the selection of the warehouse location, weights were allotted to each of the criteria. The min-max method was utilized to do data normalization once it had been collected for each prospective location. After constructing the decision matrix with the weighted normalized values and determining the ideal and non-ideal solutions for each criterion, the results were then presented. Following the calculation of the Euclidean distance between each potential location and the ideal and non-ideal solutions, the TOPSIS formula was used to determine the relative proximity between each of the potential locations. The site of the potential location that was the highest relative closeness to the optimum solution was chosen to be the optimal location for the warehouse. By employing this strategy, the company will be able to make an educated decision regarding the location of their warehouse, which will, in the long run, result in improved operational efficiency and cost savings.

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Abdullah, Ade Gafar, Almira Hery Setiorini, Nabila Andara Dwitasari, Dadang Lukman Hakim i Muhammad Aziz. "Location Suitability Analysis for Wind Farm Exploitation Using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process". Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology 6, nr 3 (21.08.2021): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v6i3.38957.

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The development of renewable energy has been constantly conducted as an attempt to increase energy diversification, improve energy sustainability and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including the wind power plant (WPP). Suitable location selection is urgently necessary to achieve optimized output and high economic values. There are multi-criteria to be considered during the selection process, namely wind velocity, climate condition, road access, environmental impact, land use, land tilt, plain condition, distance to residential areas, etc. This study aimed to develop a software supporting multi-criteria decision-making based on artificial intelligent technology, namely fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) which was implemented to evaluate the WPP location suitability. The method of fuzzy-AHP is believed to be able to generate prioritized criteria supporting the location of WPP with high accuracy. Based on those criteria, there were two locations identified at Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, as the most suitable research sites. It is expected that studies employing fuzzy-AHP are to be further developed to determine wider renewable WPP locations.

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Liu, Zhenyu, Bin Dai, Xiang Wan i Xueyi Li. "Hybrid Wireless Fingerprint Indoor Localization Method Based on a Convolutional Neural Network". Sensors 19, nr 20 (22.10.2019): 4597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204597.

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In the indoor location field, the quality of received-signal-strength-indicator (RSSI) fingerprints plays a key role in the performance of indoor location services. However, changes in an indoor environment may lead to the decline of location accuracy. This paper presents a localization method employing a Hybrid Wireless fingerprint (HW-fingerprint) based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). In the proposed scheme, the Ratio fingerprint was constructed by calculating the ratio of different RSSIs from important contribution access points (APs). The HW-fingerprint combined the Ratio fingerprint and the RSSI to enhance the expression of indoor environment characteristics. Moreover, a CNN architecture was constructed to learn important features from the complex HW-fingerprint for indoor locations. In the experiment, the HW-fingerprint was tested in an actual indoor scene for 15 days. Results showed that the average daily location accuracy of the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and CNN was improved by 3.39%, 8.03% and 9.03%, respectively, when using the HW-fingerprint. In addition, the deep-learning method was 4.19% and 16.37% higher than SVM and KNN in average daily location accuracy, respectively.

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Donahue, N. M., S. A. Epstein, S. N. Pandis i A. L. Robinson. "A two-dimensional volatility basis set: 1. organic-aerosol mixing thermodynamics". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, nr 7 (7.04.2011): 3303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3303-2011.

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Abstract. We develop the thermodynamic underpinnings of a two-dimensional volatility basis set (2D-VBS) employing saturation mass concentration (Co) and the oxygen content (O:C) to describe volatility, mixing thermodynamics, and chemical evolution of organic aerosol. The work addresses a simple question: "Can we reasonably constrain organic-aerosol composition in the atmosphere based on only two measurable organic properties, volatility and the extent of oxygenation?" This is an extension of our earlier one-dimensional approach employing volatility only (C* = γ Co, where γ is an activity coefficient). Using available constraints on bulk organic-aerosol composition, we argue that one can reasonably predict the composition of organics (carbon, oxygen and hydrogen numbers) given a location in the Co – O:C space. Further, we argue that we can constrain the activity coefficients at various locations in this space based on the O:C of the organic aerosol.

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Bembenik, Robert, Wiktor Jóźwicki i Grzegorz Protaziuk. "Methods for mining co–location patterns with extended spatial objects". International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 27, nr 4 (20.12.2017): 681–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2017-0047.

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AbstractThe paper discusses various approaches to mining co-location patterns with extended spatial objects. We focus on the properties of transaction-free approaches EXCOM and DEOSP, and discuss the differences between the method using a buffer and that employing clustering and triangulation. These theoretical differences between the two methods are verified experimentally. In the performed tests three different implementations of EXCOMare compared with DEOSP, highlighting the advantages and downsides of both approaches.

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Li, Hui, Bo Zhang i Xiangyu Ge. "Modeling Emergency Logistics Location-Allocation Problem with Uncertain Parameters". Systems 10, nr 2 (17.04.2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10020051.

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In order to model the emergency facility location-allocation problem with uncertain parameters, an uncertain multi-objective model is developed within the framework of uncertainty theory. The proposed model minimizes time penalty cost, distribution cost and carbon dioxide emissions. The equivalents of the model are discussed via operational laws of uncertainty distribution. By employing the goal attainment technique, a series of Pareto-optimal solutions are generated that can be used for decision-making. Finally, several numerical experiments are presented to verify the validity of the proposed model and to illustrate decision-making strategy.

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Bondoc, Andrew E., Mohsen Tayefeh i Ahmad Barari. "Employing LIVE Digital Twin in Prognostic and Health Management: Identifying Location of the Sensors". IFAC-PapersOnLine 55, nr 2 (2022): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.04.183.

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Steven, F. S., L. A. Williams, P. Warne i D. F. Tucker. "Fluorescent Location of Ornithine Decarboxylase Employing Derivatives of the Specific Inhibitor α-Difluoromethyl Ornithine". Journal of Enzyme Inhibition 3, nr 2 (styczeń 1989): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14756368909030372.

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Yuan, Wu, Bian Pang, Jia Bo i Xiao Qian. "Fiber Optic Line-Based Sensor Employing Time Delay Estimation for Disturbance Detection and Location". Journal of Lightwave Technology 32, nr 5 (marzec 2014): 1032–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2013.2296617.

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Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio Gómez, Fausto Pedro García Marquez, Benjamin Lev i Alfredo Arcos. "New Pipe Notch Detection and Location Method for Short Distances employing Ultrasonic Guided Waves". Acta Acustica united with Acustica 103, nr 5 (1.09.2017): 772–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3813/aaa.919106.

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Zhao, Pushe, Hongbo Zhu, He Li i Tadashi Shibata. "A Directional-Edge-Based Real-Time Object Tracking System Employing Multiple Candidate-Location Generation". IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 23, nr 3 (marzec 2013): 503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsvt.2012.2210665.

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Jain, Ravi, i Yi-Bing Lin. "An auxiliary user location strategy employing forwarding pointers to reduce network impacts of PCS". Wireless Networks 1, nr 2 (czerwiec 1995): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01202542.

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Bag, Subimal, Arpan Kumar Pradhan, Santanu Das, Sovan Dalai i Biswendu Chatterjee. "S-Transform Aided Random Forest Based PD Location Detection Employing Signature of Optical Sensor". IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 34, nr 4 (sierpień 2019): 1261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2018.2880244.

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Diendorfer, G., W. Hadrian, F. Hofbauer, M. Mair i W. Schulz. "Evaluation of lightning location data employing measurements of direct strikes to a radio tower". e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 119, nr 12 (grudzień 2002): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03161357.

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Kundu, Prasanta, N. K. Kishore i A. K. Sinha. "A non-iterative partial discharge source location method for transformers employing acoustic emission techniques". Applied Acoustics 70, nr 11-12 (grudzień 2009): 1378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2009.07.001.

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Sheng, Huaping, He Zheng, Shuangfeng Jia, Maria K. Y. Chan, Tijana Rajh, Jianbo Wang i Jianguo Wen. "Atomistic manipulation of reversible oxidation and reduction in Ag with an electron beam". Nanoscale 11, nr 22 (2019): 10756–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr09525f.

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Employing electrons for direct control of a nanoscale reaction is highly desirable since it enables fabrication of nanostructures with different properties at atomic resolution and with flexibility of dimensions and location.

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Fisher, Kelsey E., James S. Adelman i Steven P. Bradbury. "Employing Very High Frequency (VHF) Radio Telemetry to Recreate Monarch Butterfly Flight Paths". Environmental Entomology 49, nr 2 (11.03.2020): 312–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa019.

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Abstract The overwintering population of eastern North American monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) has declined significantly. Loss of milkweed (Asclepias sp.), the monarch’s obligate host plant in the Midwest United States, is considered to be a major cause of the decline. Restoring breeding habitat is an actionable step towards population recovery. Monarch butterflies are highly vagile; therefore, the spatial arrangement of milkweed in the landscape influences movement patterns, habitat utilization, and reproductive output. Empirical studies of female movement patterns within and between habitat patches in representative agricultural landscapes support recommendations for habitat restoration. To track monarch movement at distances beyond human visual range, we employed very high frequency radio telemetry with handheld antennae to collect movement bearings on a biologically relevant time scale. Attachment of 220–300 mg transmitters did not significantly affect behavior and flight capability. Thirteen radio-tagged monarchs were released in a restored prairie, and locations were estimated every minute for up to 39 min by simultaneous triangulation from four operators. Monarchs that left the prairie were tracked and relocated at distances up to 250 m. Assuming straight flights between locations, the majority of steps within the prairie were below 50 m. Steps associated with exiting the prairie exceeded 50 m with high directionality. Because butterflies do not fly in straight lines between stationary points, we also illustrate how occurrence models can use location data obtained through radio telemetry to estimate movement within a prairie and over multiple land cover types.

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Bresch, M., J. Shi i R. Kokozinski. "Employing beam-forming for estimating the direction of arrival in a multi-path propagation environment". Advances in Radio Science 3 (12.05.2005): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-3-151-2005.

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Abstract. Due to recent researches on traffic accidents with vulnerable road users (VRUs), several measures revealed a great opportunity of reduction. However, all measures applied so far failed to reduce the number of traffic accidents if there is no line-of-sight. Therefore, a transponder signal is utilized to make the VRU visible. The motor vehicle carries a mobile receiver for VRU detection and location. The receiver employs digital beam-forming for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) with an antenna array for RF ISM band. A sequence of DOA estimations is used for location and motion estimation purposes.

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Kyrdoda, Yuliia, A. Malek Hammami, Drakos Periklis i Panagiotis Kaldis. "Modelling and Analyzing Consumer Behaviour Employing Observational Data". International Journal of Food and Beverage Manufacturing and Business Models 3, nr 1 (styczeń 2018): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfbmbm.2018010103.

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The purpose of this article is to investigate and model retail consumer purchase behavior and determine factors affecting the purchasing decision. The following hypotheses were verified: H1 tests the influence of “Decision-making Time” over “Final Purchase”. H2 tests “Promotion” over “Final Purchase”. H3, H4 and H5 were established to test the influence of demographic characteristics (respectively: Age, Nationality, Gender) over “Final Purchase”. SPSS 23 was used to analyze the collected data from the observations completed in the supermarket. In order to identify the explanatory power of the variables, a Logistic Regression model was developed. Empirical findings indicated that demographic characteristics (Age, Nationality, Gender), as well as “Time” and “Promotion,” have a significant effect on “Purchase” and that “Time” has a greater impact on “Purchase.” These results could be used to design marketing strategies in order to increase sales. However, a few limitations occurred during the study such as observation timing, the unicity of location and observers' subjectivity.

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Li, Meng, Mengpeng Hu, Hui Zhang, Jianing Wang, Tongyu Tang, Mai Hu i Qiang Wang. "All-Fiber Photoacoustic Gas Sensing with Interferometric Location". Photonics 9, nr 8 (3.08.2022): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9080546.

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Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) is a promising gas detection technique with high sensitivity, fast response, and good stability. Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) interferometry offers precise distance detection with high spatial resolution. The combination of PAS and FMCW may lead to an optical technique for the simultaneous extraction of gas concentration and location information. Herein, we demonstrate this technique in an all-fiber sensing system by blending a fiber-pigtailed PAS sensor with an FMCW interferometer. As an example, we have measured the methane concentration and location by employing time-division multiplexing, showing a minimum detection limit of 28 ppm and a spatial resolution of 3.87 mm over a distance of ~4.9 m. This study enables the realization of a versatile technique for multiparameter gas sensing in gas leakage detection and gas emission monitoring.

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Nowicki, Michał R., i Piotr Skrzypczyński. "A Multi-User Personal Indoor Localization System Employing Graph-Based Optimization". Sensors 19, nr 1 (4.01.2019): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010157.

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Personal indoor localization with smartphones is a well-researched area, with a number of approaches solving the problem separately for individual users. Most commonly, a particle filter is used to fuse information from dead reckoning and WiFi or Bluetooth adapters to provide an accurate location of the person holding a smartphone. Unfortunately, the existing solutions largely ignore the gains that emerge when a single localization system estimates locations of multiple users in the same environment. Approaches based on filtration maintain only estimates of the current poses of the users, marginalizing the historical data. Therefore, it is difficult to fuse data from multiple individual trajectories that are usually not perfectly synchronized in time. We propose a system that fuses the information from WiFi and dead reckoning employing the graph-based optimization, which is widely applied in robotics. The presented system can be used for localization of a single user, but the improvement is especially visible when this approach is extended to a multi-user scenario. The article presents a number of experiments performed with a smartphone inside an office building. These experiments demonstrate that graph-based optimization can be used as an efficient fusion mechanism to obtain accurate trajectory estimates both in the case of a single user and in a multi-user indoor localization system. The code of our system together with recorded dataset will be made available when the paper gets published.

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Liu, Hui, i Guanghua Song. "Employing an Effective Robust Optimization Approach for Cooperative Covering Facility Location Problem Under Demand Uncertainty". Axioms 11, nr 9 (26.08.2022): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11090433.

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The traditional covering problem has two assumptions: “all or nothing coverage” and “individual coverage”. There are settings where the two assumptions may be unrealistic. In this research, we relax the two assumptions and study the cooperative covering facility location problem with demand uncertainty. Previous research on the covering problem has not considered cooperative covering under uncertain demand, particularly our approach to effectiveness maximization and offering full control of the conservatism of the model. We propose a cooperative covering model to maximize effectiveness, including the quality per dollar as a criterion. Then, the demand at each node is assumed to be uncertain, and the robust counterparts of the deterministic model are presented by considering the different degrees of conservatism of the robust solution. More importantly, the non-linear programming is transformed into equivalent linear programming by introducing auxiliary variables and using duality theory. The numerical examples show that the optimal location of the facility is affected by the protection level and the decision maker can make a trade-off between conservatism and effectiveness in an uncertain environment. Moreover, when the protection level is large, the objective function value makes a smaller sacrifice to get high robustness. In addition, two ways to measure the price of robustness are defined. The facility location decision can be made by evaluating the relative decrease in effectiveness compared to the nominal demand model or by evaluating the relative increase in effectiveness compared to the complete protection model.

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Guerin, J. R., R. C. M. Lance i W. Wallace. "Chromosomal location of a barley malt endopeptidase gene". Genetical Research 59, nr 3 (czerwiec 1992): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300030457.

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SummaryExtracts of disomic wheat-barley addition lines were tested for the presence of a barley malt endopeptidase (MEP-1) by employing isoelectric focusing (IEF) and western blotting. The blots were probed with polyclonal antibodies raised against MEP-1 purified from the endosperms of 5-day-old germinated barley seedlings. The endopeptidase was detected in the Betzes barley cultivar and the addition line containing the full genome of the wheat cultivar Chinese Spring plus a chromosome 3 pair from Betzes barley. The endopeptidase was not expressed in Chinese Spring nor the addition lines containing other Betzes chromosome pairs. The endopeptidase was detected in a ditelosomic addition line containing the long arm of Betzes chromosome 3. We have concluded that the gene coding for MEP-1 (Cep-B) is located on the long arm of Betzes chromosome 3.

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Pérez, Guillermo, Carlos Lara, José Viccon-Pale i Martha Signoret-Poillon. "Memory for location and visual cues in white-eared hummingbirds Hylocharis leucotis". Current Zoology 57, nr 4 (1.08.2011): 468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/57.4.468.

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Abstract In nature hummingbirds face floral resources whose availability, quality and quantity can vary spatially and temporally. Thus, they must constantly make foraging decisions about which patches, plants and flowers to visit, partly as a function of the nectar reward. The uncertainty of these decisions would possibly be reduced if an individual could remember locations or use visual cues to avoid revisiting recently depleted flowers. In the present study, we carried out field experiments with white-eared hummingbirds Hylocharis leucotis, to evaluate their use of locations or visual cues when foraging on natural flowers Penstemon roseus. We evaluated the use of spatial memory by observing birds while they were foraging between two plants and within a single plant. Our results showed that hummingbirds prefer to use location when foraging in two plants, but they also use visual cues to efficiently locate unvisited rewarded flowers when they feed on a single plant. However, in absence of visual cues, in both experiments birds mainly used the location of previously visited flowers to make subsequent visits. Our data suggest that hummingbirds are capable of learning and employing this flexibility depending on the faced environmental conditions and the information acquired in previous visits.

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Moreno-Ortiz, Fabio Tomás, Eduardo Castillo-Castañeda i Antonio Hernández-Zavala. "Detection and location of surfaces in a 3D environment through a single transducer and ultrasonic spherical caps". Ingeniería e Investigación 37, nr 3 (1.09.2017): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v37n3.59508.

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In this paper, an ultrasonic arc map method for flat mapping is extended to three-dimensional space replacing the circumference arcs by spherical caps. An enclosed environment is scanned by employing a single ultrasonic device. The range, position, and orientation of the transducer are used to digitize the uncertainty caps and place them in a three-dimensional map. Through the spatial voting method, the generated voxels are elected in order to distinguish those which mark the true position of an obstacle and discard those that are produced by cross talk, noise, fake ranges, and angular resolution. The results show that it is possible to obtain sufficient information to build a three-dimensional map for navigation by employing inexpensive sensors and a low power data processing.

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Bakri, Mudthir, Yuan You Xia, Chun Shu Chen i Hua Bin Wang. "Evaluation of Pile Application for Slopes on Bedrock Stability". Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (marzec 2015): 479–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.479.

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This paper presents a numerical study that performs the stability of slopes on bedrock reinforced with single pile row at different locations. The slope is formed of top sliding soil layer that underlies over rock. The numerical analysis has been implemented by employing the three dimensional analysis using FLAC3D. The results indicate that as the pile location is moved towards the slope crest the displacement increases.In the single row of pile application, the factor of safety reached its maximum value when the pile located at the top middle of the slope. Considering the failure mode the results has conclude three failure modes; above, in front, and through the pile according to the location of the pile. Failure mode is also affected by socketed length of pile in bedrock layer. It is believed that the findings of this study contribute to the engineers performing slope stability analysis in practice.

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Hsiao, Yu-Hsiang, i Guan-Ting Chen. "Listening to Customer Kansei for Restaurant Location Evaluation". Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 44, nr 4 (maj 2020): 666–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348020919024.

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Location plays a major role in outdoor atmospherics, which can provide an opportunity for the restaurant owner to create a strong first impression on consumers. This study investigated customer perspectives regarding the placement of cafés by employing a Kansei engineering–based approach. In this approach, the location-related features that are of concern to customers and Kansei words that are used by customers to express their impressions regarding a café’s outdoor atmospherics were identified through a customer survey and feature fatigue analysis. The associations between the location-related features and café impressions and their effects on customers’ visiting intention were also examined based on the stimulus–organism–response model. This approach achieved a customer Kansei–oriented location evaluation for cafés. The findings provide café proprietors a preliminary guideline for using location-related outdoor atmospherics as a strategy to produce the desired customer Kansei and reactions.

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Gómez Muñoz, Carlos Quiterio, Fausto Pedro García Marquez, Borja Hernandez Crespo i Kena Makaya. "Structural health monitoring for delamination detection and location in wind turbine blades employing guided waves". Wind Energy 22, nr 5 (20.02.2019): 698–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/we.2316.

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Rodger, C. J., J. B. Brundell, R. L. Dowden i N. R. Thomson. "Location accuracy of long distance VLF lightning locationnetwork". Annales Geophysicae 22, nr 3 (19.03.2004): 747–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-747-2004.

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Abstract. An experimental VLF WorldWide Lightning Location (WWLL) network is being developed to provide realtime locations of cloud to ground lightning discharges occurring throughout the globe. This network has expanded from a limited number of stations in the Western Pacific to its current state of 11 stations, in most longitude sectors, with additional stations planned in the near future. As part of the initial testing phase of the WWLL the network has operated in a simple mode, sending the station trigger times into a central processing point rather than using the sferic Time of Group Arrival (TOGA). During this initial stage, a significant quantity of lightning location data has been collected, some of which is being applied to research questions. In this paper the operation of the WWLL network is described, and the location accuracy of the pre-TOGA WWLL network is characterised. This is performed by contrasting commercial lightning location data from an Australian network, Kattron, over 2 days in January 2002, with 4 WWLL stations covering the same region. It was found that there were 426 matched lightning events, corresponding to lightning discharges with large lightning return stroke peak currents (mean absolute peak current of ~26kA compared with ~12kA for all Kattron events). By considering the random errors in the difference locations between the matching lightning events, an appropriate Gaussian timing error for the WWLL network of receiving stations is determined, and hence an estimate for the global location errors for the existing 11-station network is found. The "worst-case" global location error for the existing network ranges spatially from 7.5–100km, with the global median being 15km, and the global mean 30km. When the TOGA method is implemented, the station timing errors will decrease, allowing for an increase in the location accuracies. Hence, the location accuracy estimates determined in this paper will be very conservative for the future WWLL network employing the TOGA technique. Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (lightning, atmospheric electricity, instruments and techniques)

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Lin, Wen Tai, Chun Xi Zhang, Li Jing Li, Sheng Liang, Qin Li i Xiang Zhong. "Novel Fiber-Optic Distributed Disturbance Sensor Using a Modified Phase Generation Carrier Technique". Advanced Materials Research 282-283 (lipiec 2011): 697–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.282-283.697.

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A Mach-Zehnder interferometer based fiber-optic distributed disturbance sensor (FDDS) incorporating a modified phase generation carrier (PGC) is proposed and investigated. It is found that the slow time-varying fluctuation such as temperature variation causes the location errors. By employing a modified PGC technique that satisfies the requirements including high sampling frequency and compensation of the time delay from the long length fiber, the location errors caused by the slow time-varying fluctuation can be eliminated.

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Saeed, Farooq, Kamran Z. Ahmed, Amro OE Owes i Ion Paraschivoiu. "Anti-icing hot air jet heat transfer augmentation employing inner channels". Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, nr 12 (grudzień 2021): 168781402110662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211066212.

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Many approaches exist today that employ hot-air from aircraft compressor bleed for anti-icing critical aircraft surfaces. This paper introduces and numerically analyzes the novel application of an inner or etched channel to augment heat transfer from a hot-air jet impinging on a curved surface representing the inner surface of an aircraft wing’s leading edge or slat. The study shows that proper positioning, geometry, and flow characteristics of a channel along the inner surface of the leading edge can significantly enhance heat transfer, boost the anti-icing system performance, and greatly enhance flight safety during critical icing weather conditions. Commercially available CFD software, ANSYS Fluent is used to model and analyze the effect of different geometric and flow parameters typical of those found in small to medium category commercial transport aircraft to help determine the optimum arrangement. These parameters include: (1) jet nozzle height-to-slot diameter ratios from 4 to 8, (2) channel width-to-slot diameter ratios from 0.4 to 1.8, and (3) inner-channel inlet location angles from 10° to 60°. Each configuration resulting from a combination of the above parameters was simulated at Reynolds numbers based on jet-slot diameter of 30,000, 60,000, and 90,000. Empirical relations based on available experimental data are used to validate the results. The main findings of the study reveal that the jet height-to-slot diameter ratio of 6, inner channel height-to-slot diameter ratios of 1.8, and inner-channel inlet angular locations of 10° combination resulted in the highest heat transfer at all Reynolds number as well as higher at increased Reynold numbers.

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Tefera, Mulugeta Kassaw, i Xiaolong Yang. "A Game-Theoretic Framework to Preserve Location Information Privacy in Location-based Service Applications". Sensors 19, nr 7 (1.04.2019): 1581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071581.

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Recently, the growing ubiquity of location-based service (LBS) technology has increased the likelihood of users’ privacy breaches due to the exposure of their real-life information to untrusted third parties. Extensive use of such LBS applications allows untrusted third-party adversarial entities to collect large quantities of information regarding users’ locations over time, along with their identities. Due to the high risk of private information leakage using resource-constrained smart mobile devices, most LBS users may not be adequately encouraged to access all LBS applications. In this paper, we study the use of game theory to protect users against private information leakage in LBSs due to malicious or selfish behavior of third-party observers. In this study, we model a scenario of privacy protection gameplay between a privacy protector and an outside visitor and then derive the situation of the prisoner’s dilemma game to analyze the traditional privacy protection problems. Based on the analysis, we determine the corresponding benefits to both players using a point of view that allows the visitor to access a certain amount of information and denies further access to the user’s private information when exposure of privacy is forthcoming. Our proposed model uses the collection of private information about historical access data and current LBS access scenario to effectively determine the probability that the visitor’s access is an honest one. Moreover, we present the procedures involved in the privacy protection model and framework design, using game theory for decision-making. Finally, by employing a comparison analysis, we perform some experiments to assess the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed game-theoretic model over the traditional solutions.

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Zhang, Yu Quan, i Yan Wang. "A Secure Strategy for Location-Based Wireless Sensor Networks". Advanced Materials Research 631-632 (styczeń 2013): 1409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.1409.

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A Secure Strategy for Location-Based Wireless Sensor N A cluster-based secure strategy for wireless sensor networks is proposed. The two-dimension sensing area comprises a number of clusters, each of which contains four small squares called cells. The WSNs structure is a two-layer structure. The upper layer consists of all cluster heads and the lower layer consists of all ordinary sensors managed by their cluster heads. The cluster heads establish their pairwise keys through utilizing a key pre-distribution scheme based on cluster head identifications and the ordinary sensors establish their pairwise keys through employing a dynamic key management strategy based on exclusion-based systems (EBSs). Analysis and comparison show this scheme enhances the WSNs security, decreases WSNs communication consumption, saves cluster head and sensor energy expenditure, and prolongs the lifetime of both cluster heads and ordinary sensors.etworks

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