Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Émergence des sociétés complexes”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 28 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Émergence des sociétés complexes”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Mathias, Florent. "Forger le ciel aux âges des métaux : représentations, imaginaire et connaissances célestes dans le Nord-Ouest de l’Europe entre 2500 et 500 av. J.-C". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H079.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis doctoral thesis is a study of man’s experience and understanding of the skies from the last centuries of the Neolithic – in the middle of the third millennium B.C. – until the end of the Nordic Bronze Age in 500 B.C. This work is at the crossroads of archaeology, the history of science, astronomy and social anthropology and will be based on a number of material remains that are evidence of the varied conceptions man developed of the heavens in that period. Examination and evaluation of these remains are a means of assessing the depth of man’s knowledge of the sky and its phenomena and the degree to which this knowledge impacted the activities, thinking and iconography of the protohistoric societies that had not yet developed writing in the Chalcolithic, the Bronze Age and the Hallstatt period. The many documented interactions between European and Mediterranean societies will also be examined to determine any part Eastern influences may have played in framing an empirical approach to the sky in north-west Europe. It is hoped that, once this research is concluded, this more thorough documentation will help address the current information void on the beginnings of Western astronomy and, more broadly, our understanding of the societies of protohistoric Europe
Rouquier, Jean-Baptiste. "Robustesse et émergence dans les systèmes complexes : le modèle des automates cellulaires". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00354042.
Pełny tekst źródłaUne première partie étudie expérimentalement l'apparition de la percolation dirigée dans les automates cellulaires, notamment dans le cadre du "damage spreading". Le dernier chapitre de cette partie prouve une équivalence entre une classe d'automates cellulaires probabilistes et les automates cellulaires asynchrones.
La seconde partie étudie dans un premier chapitre l'interaction des deux perturbations évoquées: asynchronisme et topologie. Alors que le modèle habituel utilise une grille Zd, nous étudions une grille où certains liens sont temporairement coupés. Puis un second chapitre démontre des propriétés théoriques sur la règles minorité lorsque la topologie est un arbre.
Nous avons dans cette thèse mené à la fois des études expérimentales et des études théoriques. Une préoccupation transversale est la simulation formelle entre modèles. L'enjeu de ces travaux est, à terme, de savoir comment obtenir des systèmes ayant un comportement global prédéfini, ou bien comment rendre robuste à certaines perturbations un système complexe donné.
Benavides, Julio. "Dynamique des maladies dans les systèmes sociaux complexes : émergence des maladies infectieuses chez les primates". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20163/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaUnderstanding the emergence and spread of infectious disease in wild animal populations has become an important priority for both public health and animal conservation. Combining the collection of empirical data with the development of epidemiological models, this thesis focuses on understanding two key issues of wildlife epidemiology: (i) how heterogeneity at the individual, group, population and landscape level affects parasite spread (ii) investigating whether transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria from humans to wildlife is occurring within three protected areas of Africa (Tsaobis NP-Namibia, Lope NP-Gabon and Dzanga-Ndoki NP-Central African Republic). The main findings of this work indicated that: (1) multiple-scale factors including temperature, rainfall, home range use, sex, age and body condition influence gastro-intestinal parasite richness among wild baboons; (2) animal contacts around ‘habitat hotspots' can substantially influence the spatio-temporal dynamics of a disease; (3) antibiotic resistant enterobacteria seem to be spreading from humans/livestock to wildlife when the territory overlap between these two populations is expected to be high; (4) gradients in gorilla density created by bushmeat hunting can reverse the expected pattern of decreasing parasite prevalence with distance to human-spillover. The conclusions of this work open new possibilities for studying the mechanisms explaining the spread of emerging infectious diseases among wild animals
Gouem, Gouem Bienvenu. "Des premières communautés villageoises aux sociétés complexes sur le littoral méridional du Cameroun". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209930.
Pełny tekst źródłaUne étude comparative de la chronoséquence de la zone côtière a été faite avec celles déjà établies pour les zones avoisinantes, notamment au centre du Cameroun et dans les pays voisins (Chap. 7). Ce rapprochement a permis de conclure, entre autres, à une parenté culturelle entre la Tradition de Bissiang et celle d’Obobogo identifiée dans la région de Yaoundé (zone de forêt mixte). Enfin, l’ensemble des études comparatives a aussi conduit à faire quelques spéculations sur le peuplement de l’Afrique Centrale forestière depuis environ 3000 BP (Conclusion générale).
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Funabashi, Masatoshi. "Système Dynamique et Géométrie Informationnelle -Une Approche Complémentaire aux Systèmes Complexes-". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00556873.
Pełny tekst źródłaSandu, Raluca. "L'émergence des relations avec les investisseurs dans les sociétés cotées d'un pays en transition : le cas de la Roumanie". Thesis, Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE0503.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of the present PhD dissertation is to understand the way in which investor relations have emerged in the context of transition to the market economy, based on the case of Romania. The research results into a genealogy of investor relations, through different intertwining stories, on the basis of case studies, testimonies and secondary data. In the context of capitalism “reinventing itself” in transition, the mechanical diffusion of practices is not a satisfactory explanation, as it ignores political and socio-cultural factors. The emergence of investor relations, considered as a practice, as a function within organizations, and as a profession, is to be defined by the networks created, by the alliances that are formed and broken, by the density and strength of the relations between the various actors. By problematizing the fracture represented by the revolution, we show that investor relations do not appear inside a vacuum. For this purpose, we are studying the bridge between the communist era and the free market economy, stressing especially the importance of professors, in the absence of organized professional bodies. Then, through the means of three case studies of companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange, we show that investor relations are transformed by their travel into the local context, and end by transforming the organizations and the individual actors
Colliat, Rémi. "Intégration économique européenne et système fiscal décentralisé : darwinisme institutionnel ou émergence d'un polymorphisme fiscal ?" Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00873528.
Pełny tekst źródłaGeorgé, Jean-Pierre. "Résolution de problèmes par émergence : étude d'un environnement de programmation émergente". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30088.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe propose to realize an Emergent Programming Environment enabling the design of complex adaptive systems, based on emergence and multi-agent systems, so as to meet the future needs in computer science. The general aim is to realize a complete programming language in which each instruction is an autonomous agent trying to be constantly cooperative. By giving these instruction-agents self-organizing mechanisms, we obtain a system able to continuously adapt itself to the task required by the user. The work presented in this document shows the feasibility of this concept by specifying, and then putting to experimentation, a core dedicated to a subset of mathematical calculus. In parallel, this approach by emergence is generalized to any type of problem solving. We propose a discussion and a framework for problems manageable by self-organization
Hébert-Dufresne, Laurent. "La structure communautaire comme paradigme d'organisation des réseaux complexes". Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28669/28669.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaDouché, Carolyne. "Émergence et développement des sociétés agricoles au Néolithique acéramique (Xe-VIIIe millénaires av. n. ère) : étude archéobotanique de Dja'de El-Mughara et Tell Aswad, Syrie". Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H013.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn southwest Asia, the Aceramic Neolithic (12200-8400 cal BP) coincides with a period of social changes characterized by a new sedentary way of life and new subsistence strategies. Plant cultivation and animal husbandry developed together during this period to form a mixed agricultural economy. Evidence for plant husbandry was the irst to manifest itself as seen by the development of arable weeds and the loss of the dispersal mechanism in wheat and barley. This research seeks to better understand this crucial period in human history by examining the charred plant remains recovered from two key sites for this period. Dja’de el-mughara (10700-10200 cal BP) situated in the Euphrates valley in northern Syria and Tell Aswad (9800-8400 cal BP) situated in the Damascus basin in southern Syria. Both sites had already been the subject of archaeobotanical studies. The present study includes a much larger and more representative number of samples thanks to additional excavation and more complete archaeological data not least the dating. These new results presented here allows us to reassess earlier interpretations, better compare the development of agricultural practices in the northern and southern Levant and better understand crop processing and crop management on a local level through spatial analyses and an assessment of potential arable weeds
Sandu, Raluca. "L'émergence des relations avec les investisseurs dans les sociétés cotées d'un pays en transition : le cas de la Roumanie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ORLE0503.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of the present PhD dissertation is to understand the way in which investor relations have emerged in the context of transition to the market economy, based on the case of Romania. The research results into a genealogy of investor relations, through different intertwining stories, on the basis of case studies, testimonies and secondary data. In the context of capitalism “reinventing itself” in transition, the mechanical diffusion of practices is not a satisfactory explanation, as it ignores political and socio-cultural factors. The emergence of investor relations, considered as a practice, as a function within organizations, and as a profession, is to be defined by the networks created, by the alliances that are formed and broken, by the density and strength of the relations between the various actors. By problematizing the fracture represented by the revolution, we show that investor relations do not appear inside a vacuum. For this purpose, we are studying the bridge between the communist era and the free market economy, stressing especially the importance of professors, in the absence of organized professional bodies. Then, through the means of three case studies of companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange, we show that investor relations are transformed by their travel into the local context, and end by transforming the organizations and the individual actors
Chekkar, Rahma. "L' émergence de la communication financière dans les sociétés françaises cotées : contribution à l'analyse de la relation entre l'entreprise et ses investisseurs : le cas Saint-Gobain". Orléans, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742090.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeurier, Grégory. "Codage indirect de la forme dans les systèmes multi-agents : émergence multi-niveaux, évolution et morphogénèse". Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20179.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince the end of the XXth century, the man-made systems increased dramatically their internal complexity. This new class of systems comes with a lot of comprehension and implementation problems. In this thesis, we aim to contribute to the design problem of artificial complex systems from the perspective of the form. The form is indeed the support and the adaptation mechanism of the global function of systems. It is thus interesting to control this parameter in order to develop artificial complex systems. We present in this thesis a constructive work on forms. Our goal is to provide behavioral models able to imprint a given form in systems composed by a huge number of autonomous interacting entities. We first justify the use of multiagent systems (MAS) as a paradigm of modeling and simulation and then we present two MAS models able to organize thanks to a given pattern. The first model implements a multi-pheromonal model to produce multi-level emergent forms. The agents react to behavioral and recursive rules and move thanks to tropisms on perceived pheromones. The second model uses morphogenetic rules to make a genetic set of parameters evolve to encode a form. Thanks to the use of tools from evolutionary computing and inspirations taken in the functioning of animal genes (segmentations and selectors) we develop MAS systems able to mutate and to evolve in order to learn specific and complex forms. Then we add some tropism functionalities to the model in order to reproduce the evolution of the form by the mean of aggregation. We finally present the TurtleKit 2 simulation platform and the modifications that we made on it and we conclude by giving some perspectives of such a work
Lauzier, Dominique. "Impact des contacts des sociétés complexes de l’est de la Méditerranée sur le développement de la société en Crète au cours de l’âge du Bronze". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25545.
Pełny tekst źródłaPicard, Gauthier. "Méthodologie de développement de systèmes multi-agents adaptatifs et conception de logiciels à fonctionnalité émergente". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30199.
Pełny tekst źródłaEnvironments within which applications are embeded are growing in complexity and dynamicity and their functions become more and more difficult to define. Their specifications are often incomplete, even if their components are easily identifiable and specifiable. Without new design and modelling methods, managing such project will become too contraining, long and costly to cope with. We propose to use cooperative self-organising adaptative multi-agent systems to tackle these design problems and to specify the ADELFE methodology based on these emergence oriented principles and defined by a RUP-based process, UML/AUML-based notations and tools for supporting the notations and the process. This approach has been confronted to the development of experimental applications. Some results from a dynamic timetable solver, ETTO, and from a multi-robot transportation task are presented and analysed
Couvrat, Christine. "La montée en occident d'une culture politique "démocrate radicale" : analyse descriptive du phénomène et mise en relation avec la question de l'intégration rationnelle des sociétés complexes". Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0132.
Pełny tekst źródłaRochet-Capellan, Amélie. "De la substance à la forme : rôle des contraintes motrices orofaciales et brachiomanuelles de la parole dans l’émergence du langage". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0129.
Pełny tekst źródłaAnd what if the sensori-motor properties of speech model language ? This hypothesis drove language in the field of complexity and embodied cognition. Here, we introduce different kind of evidences showing the part of the motricity of speech in the genesis of language. Orofacial motricity, first, with the assumption that the properties of inter-articulators coordination may constraint the morphogenesis of langage. Orofacial and brachiomanual motricity, then, with the hypothesis that language may emerge from hand-mouth coordination that support the act of pointing by the voice and by the hand. Hence, our experiments analyze the recorded motions of speakers of french during differents tasks in order to establish the properties of jaw-tongue-lips coordinations in speech and of jaw-hand coordination in pointing. These studies lie within the global and recent research framework that propose to investigate language as a complex-system
Nespoulous, Laurent. "Une histoire de la protohistoire japonaise : De la genèse de l'agriculture à la formation des sociétés archaïques complexes du Vème millénaire avant notre ère au VIème siècle de notre ère". Paris, INALCO, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INAL0022.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is an attempt for a better understanding of Japan's agrarian societies' genesis and their ongoing complexification. We gather data from the earliest times of the Holocene to the very end of archaic complex societies before the birth of classical State by the end of the 7th century AD. Japanese archaeological field is rather unknown in Europe, and our research aims both at introducing it synthetically, and at confronting it to European centered interpretative models. The thesis is composed of 2 parts assorted with a glossary, and structured along 2 main themes: agriculture and its evolutinary issues on the one hand, and, on the other hand, "political power" and elite's strategies to keep it for themselves. Chapters 1 and 2 are conceived around "agricultural issues", those its spreading (neolithisation), and are based upon data from the Jômon (10th millennium - 5th Century BC) and the Yayoi Period (5th Century BC - Middle of the 3rd Century AD). Chapters 3, 4, and 5 deal with political power issues, paying particular attention to, respectively: chronological division concerning the existence of political power in the Japanese arc (Yayoi and Kofun Periods); the rise of "Chiefdoms"; and at the genesis of what we call an "Age of the Princes", bringing Japanese protohistorical societies to a high level of complexity during the Kofun Period (Middle of 3rd Century - 7th Century). Finally, we will see that protohistory in Japan benefits from being compared to European field and from being brought into a morre "universal" interpretive field
David, Daniel. "Prospective Territoriale par Simulation Orientée Agent". Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00613002.
Pełny tekst źródłaLi, Vigni Guido Fabrizio. "Les systèmes complexes et la digitalisation des sciences. Histoire et sociologie des instituts de la complexité aux États-Unis et en France". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH134/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaHow to think the relationship between contemporary scientific cultures and the rising usage of computer in the production of knowledge ? This thesis offers to give an answer to such a question, by analyzing historically and sociologically a scientific domain founded by the Santa Fe Institute (SFI) in the 1980s in the United States : the « complex systems sciences » (CSS). Become well-known thanks to popular books and articles, CSS have spread in Europe and in other countries of the world in the course of the 1990s and the 2000s. This work proposes a history of the foundation of this domain, by focussing on the SFI and on the French Complex Systems National Network. With a sociological take rooted into Science & Technology Studies and into pragmatism, it then asks some questions about the socio-epistemic status of such a domain, about the modalities of production of evidence as they are employed in the context of digital simulation and, finally, about the epistemic engagements hold by complexity specialists. Empirical material – composed by circa 200 interviews, several thousands archival pages and a small number of laboratory visits – allows us not only to improve knowledge about this field – whose language is very common today, but little studied by historians and sociologists ; it also brings us to question three current opinions in the human and social sciences literature regarding digital sciences. That is : 1) that the computer produces more and more interdisciplinary knowledge, 2) that it gives birth to a new type of knowledge which needs an entirely new epistemology to be well understood and 3) that it inevitably brings about neoliberal visions of the world. Now, this thesis deconstructs these three forms of technological determinism concerning the effects of computer on scientific practices, by showing firstly that, in digital sciences, the interdisciplinary collaborations are not made without any effort and in a symetrical and pacific way ; secondly, that CSS’ researchers mobilize a kind of evidence production techniques which are well known in other disciplines ; and, thirdly, that scientists’ epistemic engagements can take (neo)liberal forms, but also other forms that depart from neoliberalism or that stand against it
Rolland, Joëlle. "L'artisanat du verre dans le monde celtique au second âge du Fer : approches archéométriques, technologiques et sociales". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H124.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis aims to approach the Iron Age glass-making through a socio-economic perspective. To do so, a muldisciplinary method has been developed, combining archaeological data with archaeometrical and technological approaches. lt allowed us to reconstruct, step by step, the commodity chains analysis of this craft, only dedicated to jewelry productions, from the raw material production, its transformation into items of adornments but also its distribution and its consumption processes by La Tène societies. The analysis on La Tène Glass characterization (done by LA-ICP-MS), including more than seven hundred glass abjects, permitted to distinguish sands from different origins used to make the imported natron base glass. It also highlighted different recipes according to the chemical features of the glasses. The technological approach, combining ethnoarchaeological and experimental referentials, shown the high-Ievels of expertise required to produce these objects. Moreover, glass abjects production required Near-Eastern raw material, implying transport over long distances and specialized and trained craftsmen. At the end of La Tène period, the observed increase and simplification of production couId be linked with a choice of efficiency in response to new population categories' needs. Glass beads and bracelets are luxury productions and their consumption evolves alongside the hierarchisation of La Tène societies. This study reveals conspicuous consumption practices depending on the networks organization of goods, specialized craftsmen and production structures only dedicated to the production of objects used for distinction
Rolland, Joëlle. "L'artisanat du verre dans le monde celtique au second âge du Fer : approches archéométriques, technologiques et sociales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H124.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis aims to approach the Iron Age glass-making through a socio-economic perspective. To do so, a muldisciplinary method has been developed, combining archaeological data with archaeometrical and technological approaches. lt allowed us to reconstruct, step by step, the commodity chains analysis of this craft, only dedicated to jewelry productions, from the raw material production, its transformation into items of adornments but also its distribution and its consumption processes by La Tène societies. The analysis on La Tène Glass characterization (done by LA-ICP-MS), including more than seven hundred glass abjects, permitted to distinguish sands from different origins used to make the imported natron base glass. It also highlighted different recipes according to the chemical features of the glasses. The technological approach, combining ethnoarchaeological and experimental referentials, shown the high-Ievels of expertise required to produce these objects. Moreover, glass abjects production required Near-Eastern raw material, implying transport over long distances and specialized and trained craftsmen. At the end of La Tène period, the observed increase and simplification of production couId be linked with a choice of efficiency in response to new population categories' needs. Glass beads and bracelets are luxury productions and their consumption evolves alongside the hierarchisation of La Tène societies. This study reveals conspicuous consumption practices depending on the networks organization of goods, specialized craftsmen and production structures only dedicated to the production of objects used for distinction
Llored, Jean-Pierre. "Chimie, chimie quantique et concept d'émergence : étude d'une mise en relation". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00922954.
Pełny tekst źródłaChavalarias, David. "Métadynamiques en Cognition SocialeQuelle définition de meilleur est la meilleure ?" Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00012087.
Pełny tekst źródłaConcrètement, la modélisation des rapports entre individus et collectif considère le plus souvent des agents qui peuvent être représentés sous la forme d'une hiérarchie de règles, chacune se plaçant en position méta par rapport aux règles du niveau inférieur. Celles-ci peuvent s'interpréter, selon les niveaux, comme des règles de comportement, des règles de décision, des règles de transmission culturelle ou génétique.
L'émergence de régularités au niveau collectif peut alors s'interpréter comme la sélection d'une distribution particulière sur l'ensemble des règles et métarègles définissant les agents. Dès lors, le problème de l'auto-organisation dans les systèmes économiques et sociaux se reformule autour de la question suivante : « Peut-on endogénéiser les distributions des métarègles de comportement de manière à ce qu'elles soient le produit des dynamiques collectives qu'elles définissent ? ».
Nous montrons dans cette thèse que la prise en compte, dans les modèles formels, de la spécificité de l'imitation humaine permet de répondre positivement à cette question, un point essentiel étant qu'une règle d'imitation peut être sa propre métarègle. Nous proposons ainsi un cadre formel pour l'étude de sociétés d'agents mimétiques auto-organisées, les jeux métamimétiques ; le concept d'équilibre correspondant est alors l'état contrefactuellement stable : aucun agent ne peut s'imaginer mieux qu'il n'est en se mettant contrefactuellement à la place de l'un de ses voisins. Nous étudions ensuite les propriétés de ces jeux en prenant comme champs d'application le problème de l'émergence de la coopération dans un dilemme de prisonnier spatialisé. Nous montrons au passage, que cette approche permet d'échapper au dilemme.
Plus généralement, nous nous plaçons dans le cadre de la théorie des jeux stochastiques et nous explicitons le rôle structurant des perturbations dans ce type de système dynamique, les structures spatio-temporelles émergentes étant le produit du couplage entre la dynamique endogène des systèmes métamimétiques et la structure interne des perturbations. En rupture avec l'approche traditionnelle, ceci nous amène à interpréter l'hétérogénéité auto-organisée des systèmes sociaux humains comme une différenciation par un processus de co-évolution d'une multiplicité de critères possibles, plutôt que par un processus d'optimisation global d'un critère unique.
Grimard, Léon. "Segmentation et exclusion des Gitans de Perpignan : émergence d'une élite politique?" Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6157.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the last decade, a wealth of literature has documented the situation of Rroma living in Central and Eastern Europe, in a context in which there has emerged new elite and new forms of political action. Among Western Europe’s Romani, political activism and elites seemed to be absent. This fieldwork has been done with certain types of elites among the Gypsies of Perpignan seeking to encourage political action, in the cultural context of a segmentary society with diffuse power which is faced with various forms of socio-economic exclusion by mainstream society. In this analysis, I suggest that exclusion by the païos (non Gypsies) is a denial of the relational reality of the Gypsies with the païa majority. Finally, this fieldwork has revealed the position of the cultural brokers, a role played by various agents intervening between Gypsies and non gypsies worlds. I argue that it is through the cultural broker’s role that political elite may emerge.
Hubin, Audrey. "Les productions palatiales dans les sociétés complexes: le cas de la céramique bleue amarnienne". Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3216.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe present work consists in a study of the ceramic typical of the city of Amarna (Akhet-Aten) viewed in relation to palatial productions in complex societies. In the first part of the work, we put this blue-painted pottery style in context and present the geographic, historical and religious situation of the city. We then consider the usual themes relating to the study of a ceramic: workshops, materials, transformation, firing, forms and motifs. Since the function of these vases remains an open question, we analyse various theories on the subject. We raise the question whether a link between these vases and the religious ideology introduced by pharaoh Akhenaten might exist; comparison of the motifs with the iconography of the city's palaces allows us to confirm this hypothesis. These last two points bring out the importance of this pottery in the Amarnian framework. The second part of this work pertains to the concept of palatial objects. This type of production is defined and various criteria are presented. We then apply these criteria to palatial objects from complex societies, in hope of confirming their adequacy. Having verified these characteristics, we apply them to blue-painted pottery in order to determine whether this latter corresponds to a palatial industry. Since this pottery style satisfies all these criteria, it is possible to assert that it is a palatial object. It is even possible to affirm that it consists in a prestige object, consummed by an elite and whose purpose is to further the established ideology.
Charbonneau, Olivier. "Émergence de normes dans les systèmes économiques et sociaux d’oeuvres numériques protégées par droit d’auteur". Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19977.
Pełny tekst źródłaRochet-Capellan, Amélie. "De la substance à la forme : rôle des contraintes motrices orofaciales et brachiomanuelles de la parole dans l'émergence du langage". Phd thesis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00200933.
Pełny tekst źródła