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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Electromechanical interactions”

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Data publikacji: 8 czerwca 2024

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1

Niu, Dong Fang, Li Yang Xie, and Teng Shao. "Research on the Design of Electromechanical Product Based on Interaction." Advanced Materials Research 569 (September 2012): 754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.569.754.

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The informatization of manufacturing industry brings new requirements to the industrial design of electromechanical products with high degree of automation and high intelligence. One of the central design concerns is to guarantee reliability of the interactions between the operators and the products working in non-transparent conditions, and at the same time to provide pleasant user experience. Starting from the user’s behavior patterns and psychological needs, the paper analyzed human-machine interaction system of electromechanical products and the design principles of its constituent, and the suitability of the interactive environment of electromechanical products was provided.

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Luo, Jianqiang, Siqi Bu, and Jiebei Zhu. "Transition from Electromechanical Dynamics to Quasi-Electromechanical Dynamics Caused by Participation of Full Converter-Based Wind Power Generation." Energies 13, no. 23 (2020): 6270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236270.

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Previous studies generally consider that the full converter-based wind power generation (FCWG) is a “decoupled” power source from the grid, which hardly participates in electromechanical oscillations. However, it was found recently that strong interaction could be induced which might incur severe resonance incidents in the electromechanical dynamic timescale. In this paper, the participation of FCWG in electromechanical dynamics is extensively investigated, and particularly, an unusual transition of the electromechanical oscillation mode (EOM) is uncovered for the first time. The detailed mathematical models of the open-loop and closed-loop power systems are firstly established, and modal analysis is employed to quantify the FCWG participation in electromechanical dynamics, with two new mode identification criteria, i.e., FCWG dynamics correlation ratio (FDCR) and quasi-electromechanical loop correlation ratio (QELCR). On this basis, the impact of different wind penetration levels and controller parameter settings on the participation of FCWG is investigated. It is revealed that if an FCWG oscillation mode (FOM) has a similar oscillation frequency to the system EOMs, there is a high possibility to induce strong interactions between FCWG dynamics and system electromechanical dynamics of the external power systems. In this circumstance, an interesting phenomenon may occur that an EOM may be dominated by FCWG dynamics, and hence is transformed into a quasi-EOM, which actively involves the participation of FCWG quasi-electromechanical state variables.

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3

Zhang, Yaxing, and David P. Arnold. "Electromechanical devices with enhanced inductance via electrodynamic interactions." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 180 (June 2012): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2012.04.002.

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4

Zhang, Hongye, Tianhui Yang, Wenxin Li, et al. "Origin of the anomalous electromechanical interaction between a moving magnetic dipole and a closed superconducting loop." Superconductor Science and Technology 35, no. 4 (2022): 045009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac53dc.

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Abstract Lenz’s law states that ‘the current induced in a circuit due to a change in a magnetic field is directed to oppose the change in flux and to exert a mechanical force which opposes the motion’. This statement has been widely adopted to predict many effects in electromagnetism. However, multiple recent experimental measurements have shown that the interactions between a moving permanent magnet (PM) and a closed superconducting loop can disobey the fundamental statement of Lenz’s law: during the entire process of a PM threading a high temperature superconducting (HTS) coil, the current induced in the HTS coil keeps the same direction, and thus the mechanical force exerted on the PM does not always oppose its movement. The seeming ‘Lenz’s law-violated phenomenon’, namely the anomalous electromechanical interaction between a moving PM and a closed superconducting loop, can bring about numerous potential applications in the domains of superconducting magnetic energy storage, electromagnetic ejection, and flux pumps, etc. However, the cause of this anomalous phenomenon remains controversial. By representing the PM as a magnetic dipole, taking the perfect conductor approximation for the closed superconducting loop, this paper has theoretically studied the anomalous electromechanical effect with rigorous mathematical formulae derivation. The proposed analytical equations have been verified by numerical modelling and experimental measurements, which further confirms the effectiveness of the perfect conductor approximation in ease of calculation. Results have shown that both the induced electromotive force and the intrinsic properties of the conductive loop (resistance-dominant or inductance-dominant) determine together the electromechanical performance of the studied energy conversion system, and the nearly zero resistivity of superconductors is the dominant cause of the anomalous phenomenon. This paper has illuminated the origin of the anomalous electromechanical interaction between a moving magnetic dipole and a closed superconducting loop, provided an efficient and reliable tool to predict the electromechanical performance of the studied energy conversion system, and is believed to deepen people’s understanding of the interactions between magnetic field sources and superconductors.

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5

Mahboob, Imran, Hajime Okamoto, and Hiroshi Yamaguchi. "An electromechanical Ising Hamiltonian." Science Advances 2, no. 6 (2016): e1600236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600236.

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Solving intractable mathematical problems in simulators composed of atoms, ions, photons, or electrons has recently emerged as a subject of intense interest. We extend this concept to phonons that are localized in spectrally pure resonances in an electromechanical system that enables their interactions to be exquisitely fashioned via electrical means. We harness this platform to emulate the Ising Hamiltonian whose spin 1/2 particles are replicated by the phase bistable vibrations from the parametric resonances of multiple modes. The coupling between the mechanical spins is created by generating two-mode squeezed states, which impart correlations between modes that can imitate a random, ferromagnetic state or an antiferromagnetic state on demand. These results suggest that an electromechanical simulator could be built for the Ising Hamiltonian in a nontrivial configuration, namely, for a large number of spins with multiple degrees of coupling.

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6

Erazo‐Damian, Inaki, Matteo F. Iacchetti, and Judith M. Apsley. "Electromechanical interactions in a doubly fed induction generator drivetrain." IET Electric Power Applications 12, no. 8 (2018): 1192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2017.0755.

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7

Lipiński, Krzysztof. "Multibody and Electromechanical Modelling in Dynamic Balancing of Mechanisms for Mechanical and Electromechanical Systems." Solid State Phenomena 147-149 (January 2009): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.147-149.339.

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The paper focuses on dynamics of an electromechanical system composed of a DC motor and a planar four-bar mechanism. Minimization of mechanism/frame interactions is considered. Simultaneous elimination of frame shaking forces and torques is requested. The employed balancing method is counterweights allocation. Their parameters are found with a numerical modelling and a numerical optimization. They depend on shape of the mechanism’s velocity. Three alternative drives are tested in the paper: constant velocity drive; constant torque drive; and DC motor. The optimal counterweight’s parameters are derived for all these drives. Obtained results approved necessity of precise electromechanical modelling.

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8

Callanan, J., C. L. Willey, V. W. Chen, J. Liu, M. Nouh, and A. T. Juhl. "Uncovering low frequency band gaps in electrically resonant metamaterials through tuned dissipation and negative impedance conversion." Smart Materials and Structures 31, no. 1 (2021): 015002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac3434.

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Abstract A new class of electromechanically coupled metamaterial is presented which relies on magnetic field interactions between the host structure and a local resonator circuit to realize novel vibration control capabilities. The metamaterial chain exhibits a highly tunable vibration band gap which can be easily placed at a desired frequency using the resonant circuit parameters, providing a robust mechanism to independently alter the band gap width, depth, and frequency of maximum attenuation. In its dissipative form, the electromechanical metamaterial is shown to exhibit electrical metadamping as a function of the local resonance circuit resistance. The impact of the damping ratio as a function of the electrical resistance is characterized in frequency and time domains, and related to the infinite system dynamics. A robust experimental realization of the system is constructed which achieves electromechanical coupling through a moving coil and magnet system. The apparatus is used to show that the band gap location and depth can be readily tuned with the circuit elements. The presented metamaterial has potential for meaningful vibroacoustic practical applications in addition to revealing fundamentally new properties of damped electrically-resonant structures.

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9

Topolov, Vitaly Yu, and A. V. Turik. "Electromechanical Interactions and Physical Properties of Perovskite-Type Ferroelectric Ceramics." Key Engineering Materials 132-136 (April 1997): 1044–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.132-136.1044.

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10

Ellingford, Christopher, Alan M. Wemyss, Runan Zhang, et al. "Understanding the enhancement and temperature-dependency of the self-healing and electromechanical properties of dielectric elastomers containing mixed pendant polar groups." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 16 (2020): 5426–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc00509f.

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11

Brocklehurst, Paul, Ismail Adeniran, Dongmin Yang, Yong Sheng, Henggui Zhang, and Jianqiao Ye. "A 2D Electromechanical Model of Human Atrial Tissue Using the Discrete Element Method." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/854953.

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Cardiac tissue is a syncytium of coupled cells with pronounced intrinsic discrete nature. Previous models of cardiac electromechanics often ignore such discrete properties and treat cardiac tissue as a continuous medium, which has fundamental limitations. In the present study, we introduce a 2D electromechanical model for human atrial tissue based on the discrete element method (DEM). In the model, single-cell dynamics are governed by strongly coupling the electrophysiological model of Courtemanche et al. to the myofilament model of Rice et al. with two-way feedbacks. Each cell is treated as a viscoelastic body, which is physically represented by a clump of nine particles. Cell aggregations are arranged so that the anisotropic nature of cardiac tissue due to fibre orientations can be modelled. Each cell is electrically coupled to neighbouring cells, allowing excitation waves to propagate through the tissue. Cell-to-cell mechanical interactions are modelled using a linear contact bond model in DEM. By coupling cardiac electrophysiology with mechanics via the intracellular Ca2+concentration, the DEM model successfully simulates the conduction of cardiac electrical waves and the tissue’s corresponding mechanical contractions. The developed DEM model is numerically stable and provides a powerful method for studying the electromechanical coupling problem in the heart.

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12

Chowdhury, Sandipan, Benjamin M. Haehnel, and Baron Chanda. "Interfacial gating triad is crucial for electromechanical transduction in voltage-activated potassium channels." Journal of General Physiology 144, no. 5 (2014): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411185.

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Voltage-dependent potassium channels play a crucial role in electrical excitability and cellular signaling by regulating potassium ion flux across membranes. Movement of charged residues in the voltage-sensing domain leads to a series of conformational changes that culminate in channel opening in response to changes in membrane potential. However, the molecular machinery that relays these conformational changes from voltage sensor to the pore is not well understood. Here we use generalized interaction-energy analysis (GIA) to estimate the strength of site-specific interactions between amino acid residues putatively involved in the electromechanical coupling of the voltage sensor and pore in the outwardly rectifying KV channel. We identified candidate interactors at the interface between the S4–S5 linker and the pore domain using a structure-guided graph theoretical approach that revealed clusters of conserved and closely packed residues. One such cluster, located at the intracellular intersubunit interface, comprises three residues (arginine 394, glutamate 395, and tyrosine 485) that interact with each other. The calculated interaction energies were 3–5 kcal, which is especially notable given that the net free-energy change during activation of the Shaker KV channel is ∼14 kcal. We find that this triad is delicately maintained by balance of interactions that are responsible for structural integrity of the intersubunit interface while maintaining sufficient flexibility at a critical gating hinge for optimal transmission of force to the pore gate.

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13

Dragunov, V. P., D. E. Kiselev, and R. E. Sinitskiy. "Specific Features of the Electromechanical Interactions in MEMS with Nonparallel Electrodes." Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika 19, no. 6 (2017): 360–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/nmst.19.360-369.

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14

de Boeij, J., M. Steinbuch, and H. M. Gutierrez. "Modeling the electromechanical interactions in a null-flux electrodynamic maglev system." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 41, no. 1 (2005): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2004.839836.

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15

Rouxinol, F., Y. Hao, F. Brito, A. O. Caldeira, E. K. Irish, and M. D. LaHaye. "Measurements of nanoresonator-qubit interactions in a hybrid quantum electromechanical system." Nanotechnology 27, no. 36 (2016): 364003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/27/36/364003.

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16

Petrov, V. M., M. I. Bichurin, and G. Srinivasan. "Electromechanical resonance in ferrite-piezoelectric nanopillars, nanowires, nanobilayers, and magnetoelectric interactions." Journal of Applied Physics 107, no. 7 (2010): 073908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3359717.

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17

Schäfer, Michal, Lorna P. Browne, Johannes C. von Alvensleben, et al. "Ventricular interactions and electromechanical dyssynchrony after Ross and Ross-Konno operations." Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 158, no. 2 (2019): 509–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.02.057.

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18

Wu, Xiaoan, Kevin P. Cunningham, Marta E. Perez, and Peter H. Larsson. "S5-S6 interactions important for the electromechanical coupling in HCN channels." Biophysical Journal 122, no. 3 (2023): 390a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2022.11.2132.

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19

Li, Si, Chengyuan Wang, and Perumal Nithiarasu. "Electromechanical vibration of microtubules and its application in biosensors." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, no. 151 (2019): 20180826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0826.

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An electric field (EF) has the potential to excite the vibration of polarized microtubules (MTs) and thus enable their use as a biosensor for the biophysical properties of MTs or cells. To facilitate the development, this paper aims to capture the EF-induced vibration modes and the associated frequency for MTs. The analyses were carried out based on a molecular structural mechanics model accounting for the structural details of MTs. Transverse vibration, radial breathing vibration and axial vibration were achieved for MTs subject to a transverse or an axial EF. The frequency shift and stiffness alteration of MTs were also examined due to the possible changes of the tubulin interactions in physiological or pathological processes. The strong correlation achieved between the tubulin interaction and MT vibration excited by EF provides a new avenue to a non-contacting technique for the structural or property changes in MTs, where frequency shift is used as a biomarker. This technique can be used for individual MTs and is possible for those in cells when the cytosol damping on MT vibrations is largely reduced by the unique features of MT–cytosol interface.

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20

Enge, O., and P. Maißer. "Lyapunov-stable control of mechatronic systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 219, no. 2 (2005): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095965105x9551.

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In this paper, a method for controlling mechatronic systems using inverse dynamics is proposed. The starting point is a unified mathematical approach to modelling electromechanical systems based on Lagrange formalism. This mathematical theory is used to represent such systems taking into account all interactions between their substructures. The concept of Lagrange formalism for electromechanical systems is given and the complete governing equations are presented. The Voronetz equations of a partially kinematically controlled electromechanical system (EMS) are derived. The corresponding reaction forces and voltages following from the Voronetz equations are determined. Using these reactions with small modifications, a so-called ‘augmented proportional-derivative (PD) dynamic control law’ is generated. This controller consists of a non-linear feedforward - based on inverse dynamics - and a linear feedback. The stability of the controller is proved using a Lyapunov function. The controller can also be applied to pure multibody systems or a sheer electrical system, both of which are borderline cases of mechatronic systems.

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21

Ahumada, Constanza, and Patrick Wheeler. "Reduction of Torsional Vibrations Excited by Electromechanical Interactions in More Electric Systems." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 95036–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3094172.

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Sinha, N., D. Roy Mahapatra, Y. Sun, J. T. W. Yeow, R. V. N. Melnik, and D. A. Jaffray. "Electromechanical interactions in a carbon nanotube based thin film field emitting diode." Nanotechnology 19, no. 2 (2007): 025701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/19/02/025701.

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Nesmith, Haley W., Hanyu Zhang, and Jack M. Rogers. "Optical mapping of electromechanics in intact organs." Experimental Biology and Medicine 245, no. 4 (2019): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370219894942.

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Optical mapping has become a widely used and important method in cardiac electrophysiology. The method typically uses voltage-sensitive fluorescent dyes and high-speed cameras to image propagation of electrical waves. However, signals are highly susceptible to artifact caused by motion of the target organ. Consequently, cardiac optical mapping is traditionally performed in isolated, perfused organs whose contraction has been pharmacologically arrested. This has prevented optical mapping from being used to study interactions between electrical and mechanical motion. However, recently, a number of groups have developed methods to implement cardiac optical mapping in the presence of motion. These methods employ two basic strategies: (1) compensate for motion by measuring it or (2) ratiometry. In ratiometry, two signals are recorded from each site. The signals have differing sensitivity to membrane potential, but common motion artifact, which can be cancelled by taking the ratio of the two signals. Some methods use both of these strategies. Methods that measure motion have the additional advantage that this information can be used to quantify the organ’s mechanical function. Doing so enables combined “electromechanical mapping,” which allows optical study of electromechanical interactions. By allowing recording in the presence of motion, the new methods open the door to optical recording in in-vivo preparations. In addition, it is possible to implement electromechanical optical mapping techniques in organ systems other than the heart. For example, it was recently shown that optical mapping of slow wave propagation in the swine stomach is feasible. Such studies have the potential to uncover new information on the role of dysrhythmic slow wave propagation in gastric motility disorders. Impact statement Electrical and mechanical functions in the heart are bidirectionally coupled, yet are usually studied separately because of the different instrumentation technologies that are used in the two areas. Optical mapping is a powerful and widespread tool for imaging electrical propagation, but has traditionally required mechanical function to be arrested. Recently new methods have been devised that enable optical mapping to be performed in beating hearts and also to simultaneously quantify mechanical function. These new technologies promise to yield new information about electromechanical interactions in normal and pathological settings. They are also beginning to find application in other organ systems such as the gastrointestinal tract where they may provide new insight into motility disorders.

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24

Maruccio, Claudio, and Adnan Kefal. "Electromechanical contact elements for modelling adhesion and interfacial interactions in electrospun nanofibers systems." Procedia Structural Integrity 28 (2020): 2142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2020.11.041.

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25

Pecheranskyi, Ihor. "Brief Technical History and Audiovisual Parameters of Electromechanical Television." Bulletin of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts. Series in Audiovisual Art and Production 6, no. 2 (2023): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31866/2617-2674.6.2.2023.289313.

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The purpose of the research is to characterize the most important milestones in the technical history and audiovisual parameters of electromechanical (mechanical) television of the 1840s–1930s as an audiovisual ecosystem. Research methodology. The study uses, firstly, an ecosystem approach, which made it possible to qualify television as a networked audiovisual ecosystem with internal dynamics and external interactions, and secondly, media archaeology as a field that attempts to understand the early stage and electromechanical practices of television through the prism of technical history, and, thirdly, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalization and abstraction when working with theoretical material. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the article comprehensively and at the appropriate theoretical level considers the most significant milestones in the development of electromechanical (mechanical) television of the period and its audiovisual parameters. Conclusions. It is proved that during the 40 years since the patent for the “Nipkow disc” was granted in 1885 to the first public demonstration of television moving images by the Scottish inventor John Logie Baird in 1925, electromechanical TV has gone through a rapid and very significant path from broadcasting a static image (analogue of photography) to transmitting a moving image (analogue of cinema). It has been substantiated that despite numerous experiments aimed at “collaborating” the means of preserving and transmitting sound and image (telegraph, radio, telephone), early mechanical television broadcasts remained silent and black and white. It is emphasized that further technical development and improvement of audiovisual parameters of mechanical television led to the deepening of audiovisual synthesis in the industry and its transformation, which first resulted in the emergence of electromechanical and electronic systems with the ability to preserve colour images and later regular and cable television broadcasting systems.

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Malev, N. A., and O. V. Pogoditsky. "RESEARCH AND SYNTHESIS OF THE MODAL REGULATOR OF THE TWO-MASS ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM OF THE CRANE LIFTING MECHANISM." Proceedings of the higher educational institutions. ENERGY SECTOR PROBLEMS 20, no. 7-8 (2018): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2018-20-7-8-99-106.

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Research of operation electromechanical system with considering resilient liaison is an actual task. Resilient interactions between the engine and the mechanism increase the load on the mechanical transmission and working equipment and accelerate their wear, increasing degrees of freedom of the system and exciting resonance oscillations. The synthesis of a modal regulator shown that provides an aperiodic transient process. The advantages and disadvantages of this analyzed method.

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27

Gayretli, Ahmet. "2ODE-IPD: An Object-Oriented Design Environment for Robust and Reliable Interdisciplinary Product Design." Key Engineering Materials 348-349 (September 2007): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.348-349.457.

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Electromechanical products such as electrical toothbrushes and robots carry multitechnological characteristics, and functional operation of these systems is depended on the successful operation of all system components. There are interactions between electronic and mechanical components, software and other systems in complex products. These interactions such as heat, vibration, gravity, corrosion and electromagnetism can lead to functional and financial losses and failures of these kinds of products. The physical arrangement and mutual relation of subsystems and parts are very important to design reliable and robust systems. However, designing these products is complicated and time-consuming due to limitations on available expertise, tools, and methods. This paper presents a new product development approach proposed for integrating mechanical design with electronic design to improve design and manufacture of electromechanical products in terms of customer requirements, reliability, structural integrity, weight, cost and time. This approach has been implemented in a Delphi based environment integrated with a CAD system. It assists in evaluating complex systems as far as parts relation and their possible effects on each other, costs, weight and physical constraints are concerned in the early design process. This helps the designers to avoid design iterations, and minimize the likelihood of failures and rapidly develop reliable complex products subject to given constraints.

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Cao, Kai, Renyuan Xie, Jianmin Zhou, Xiaowei Zhang, Jingji Wang, and Shuang Li. "Optimizing the Location of the Piezoelectric Actuator and Analyzing Its Effect on the Dynamics of Asymmetric Flexible Spacecraft." Aerospace 10, no. 8 (2023): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10080716.

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To address the challenge of optimizing the placement of actuators on an asymmetric spacecraft continuum system, this paper develops a rigid–flexible electromechanical coupling dynamic model that integrates the interactions among rigidity, flexibility, and electromechanical coupling effects. The model is constructed using ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations (ODE–PDEs) and considers the effects of the installation position and physical characteristics (mass and stiffness) of the piezoelectric (PZT) actuator on an asymmetric flexible spacecraft continuum system. The proposed model aims to accurately capture the complex interactions among the rigid body, flexible appendages, and PZT actuators. Based on the developed model, the installation location of the actuators is optimized using a genetic algorithm with a hybrid optimization criterion. In the numerical simulations, the proposed optimization algorithm is employed to determine the optimal installation position for the actuators. Then, the influence of the actuator’s physical characteristics and installation position on the dynamic properties of the spacecraft and the performance of the control system is investigated. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the optimization algorithm can effectively identify the appropriate actuator installation location for the desired application. Utilizing the actuator with the optimized position allows for effective vibration suppression while consuming less energy.

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Li Ran, Dawei Xiang, and J. L. Kirtley. "Analysis of Electromechanical Interactions in a Flywheel System With a Doubly Fed Induction Machine." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 47, no. 3 (2011): 1498–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2011.2127436.

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Calahorra, Yonatan, Richard A. Whiter, Qingshen Jing, Vijay Narayan, and Sohini Kar-Narayan. "Localized electromechanical interactions in ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) nanowires investigated by scanning probe microscopy." APL Materials 4, no. 11 (2016): 116106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4967752.

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Bogdanov, Dmitriy, and Oleg Kravchenko. "Mathematical Model of Electromechanical Weightlessness Simulators Taking Account of Force Interactions in Radial Construction." Electrotechnical Systems and Complexes, no. 1(38) (2018): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18503/2311-8318-2018-1(38)-26-32.

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Du, Wenjuan, Xiao Chen, and Hai Feng Wang. "Impact of Dynamic Interactions Introduced by the DFIGs on Power System Electromechanical Oscillation Modes." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 32, no. 6 (2017): 4954–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2017.2684463.

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Junior, Carlos HSM, João A. Moor Neto, and Gustavo K. Dill. "Analysis of Subsynchronous Resonance via Torsional Interactions in Electromechanical Systems through Different Fault Points." Journal of Engineering Research 3, no. 35 (2023): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.3173352319105.

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Rouco, Luis. "Dynamic Patterns in the Small-Signal Behavior of Power Systems with Wind Power Generation." Energies 17, no. 7 (2024): 1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17071784.

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This paper investigates the dynamic patterns in the small-signal behavior of power systems with wind power generation. The interactions between synchronous generators and wind generators are investigated. In addition, the impact of increased wind generation penetration on the damping and frequency of the synchronous generator’s electromechanical oscillations is addressed. Wind generators of three different technologies are considered throughout this study. Very detailed dynamic models of wind generators are used and detailed.

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Rupert, Cassady E., Tae Yun Kim, Bum-Rak Choi, and Kareen L. K. Coulombe. "Human Cardiac Fibroblast Number and Activation State Modulate Electromechanical Function of hiPSC-Cardiomyocytes in Engineered Myocardium." Stem Cells International 2020 (July 16, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9363809.

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Cardiac tissue engineering using hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes is a promising avenue for cardiovascular regeneration, pharmaceutical drug development, cardiotoxicity evaluation, and disease modeling. Limitations to these applications still exist due in part to the need for more robust structural support, organization, and electromechanical function of engineered cardiac tissues. It is well accepted that heterotypic cellular interactions impact the phenotype of cardiomyocytes. The current study evaluates the functional effects of coculturing adult human cardiac fibroblasts (hCFs) in 3D engineered tissues on excitation and contraction with the goal of recapitulating healthy, nonarrhythmogenic myocardium in vitro. A small population (5% of total cell number) of hCFs in tissues improves tissue formation, material properties, and contractile function. However, two perturbations to the hCF population create disease-like phenotypes in engineered cardiac tissues. First, increasing the percentage of hCFs to 15% resulted in tissues with increased ectopic activity and spontaneous excitation rate. Second, hCFs undergo myofibroblast activation in traditional two-dimensional culture, and this altered phenotype ablated the functional benefits of hCFs when incorporated into engineered cardiac tissues. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that human cardiac fibroblast number and activation state modulate electromechanical function of hiPSC-cardiomyocytes and that a low percentage of quiescent hCFs are a valuable cell source to advance a healthy electromechanical response of engineered cardiac tissue for regenerative medicine applications.

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Ryabkov, O. V., S. V. Averkin, M. I. Bichurin, V. M. Petrov, and G. Srinivasan. "Effects of exchange interactions on magnetoacoustic resonance in layered nanocomposites of yttrium iron garnet and lead zirconate titanate." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 8 (2007): 2174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0275.

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In ferrite–piezoelectric bilayers, the magnetoelectric (ME) interaction is mediated by mechanical strain. The ME coupling is expected to be strong, particularly when the magnetic and electric subsystems show resonance. Here we address the effect of magnetic exchange interactions on ME coupling at magnetoacoustic resonance (MAR), i.e., at the coincidence of electromechanical resonance in the piezoelectric phase and ferromagnetic resonance in a tangentially magnetized ferrite. When exchange is ignored, the estimated ME coefficient versus frequency profile shows a giant magnetoelectric coefficient at MAR, about 75–100 V/cm Oe for yttrium–iron garnet (YIG)/lead zirconate–titanate (PZT) nano bilayers. The magnetic exchange is predicted to enhance the coupling at MAR and produce a secondary peak due to the excitation of magnetoacoustic modes. Estimates of the ME coefficient are provided as a function of thickness ratio of YIG and PZT.

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Kafaei, Keyvan, and Rasul Bagheri. "Interaction of multiple cracks in a nonhomogeneous piezoelectric rectangular plane under an electromechanical loading." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 16, no. 1 (2019): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-02-2019-0043.

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Purpose In accord with the literature reviews, there is not a promising examination regarding the several straight and curved cracks interaction with arbitrary arrangement in the rectangular FGP plane. The purpose of this paper is to consider the effect of crack length, position of the point load, material non-homogeneity constant and also the arrangement of cracks on the resulting field intensity factors. Design/methodology/approach First of all, in order to obtain a set of Cauchy singular integral equations, both the dislocation method and the finite Fourier cosine transform technique are applied. Using the corresponding solution to these equations, the dislocation densities on the crack surfaces are then obtained. Considering the results, both the stress intensity factors (SIFs) and electric displacement intensity factors (EDIFs) for a vertical crack and the interaction between two straight and curved cracks, which have an arbitrary configuration, are determined. Findings The numerical examples are represented in order to illustrate the interesting mechanical and electrical coupling phenomena induced by multi-crack interactions. At the end, the effects of the material non-homogeneity constant, the crack length and the cracks arrangements on the SIFs and EDIFs are investigated. Originality/value The solutions are obtained in series expansion forms which may be considered as Green’s functions in an FGP rectangular plane possessing multiple cracks. The technique of Green’s function provides the ability to analyze multiple cracks having any smooth configuration.

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PATERNOSTRO, M., H. McANENEY, and M. S. KIM. "ENTANGLEMENT DISTRIBUTION WITH GLOBAL CONTROL IN A STAR-SHAPED MULTI-SPLITTER." International Journal of Quantum Information 04, no. 03 (2006): 551–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749906001992.

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Distributed quantum information processing (QIP) is a promising way to bypass problems due to unwanted interactions between elements. However, this strategy presupposes the engineering of protocols for remote processors. In many of them, pairwise entanglement is a key resource. We study a model which distributes entanglement among elements of a delocalized network without local control. The model is efficient both in finite- and infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. We suggest a setup of electromechanical systems to implement our proposal.

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Dorfmann, Luis, and Ray W. Ogden. "Nonlinear electroelasticity: material properties, continuum theory and applications." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2204 (2017): 20170311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2017.0311.

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In the last few years, it has been recognized that the large deformation capacity of elastomeric materials that are sensitive to electric fields can be harnessed for use in transducer devices such as actuators and sensors. This has led to the reassessment of the mathematical theory that is needed for the description of the electromechanical (in particular, electroelastic) interactions for purposes of material characterization and prediction. After a review of the key experiments concerned with determining the nature of the electromechanical interactions and a discussion of the range of applications to devices, we provide a short account of the history of developments in the nonlinear theory. This is followed by a succinct modern treatment of electroelastic theory, including the governing equations and constitutive laws needed for both material characterization and the analysis of general electroelastic coupling problems. For illustration, the theory is then applied to two simple representative boundary-value problems that are relevant to the geometries of activation devices; in particular, (a) a rectangular plate and (b) a circular cylindrical tube, in each case with compliant electrodes on the major surfaces and a potential difference between them. In (a), an electric field is generated normal to the major surfaces and in (b), a radial electric field is present. This is followed by a short section in which other problems addressed on the basis of the general theory are described briefly.

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Alonso-García, María, Ana García-Sánchez, Paula Jaén-Moreno, and Manuel Fernández-Rubio. "Performance Analysis of Urban Cleaning Devices Using Human–Machine Interaction Method." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 5846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13115846.

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Presently, several jobs require the collaboration of humans and machines to perform different services and tasks. The ease and intuitiveness of the worker when using each machine will not only improve the worker’s experience but also improve the company’s productivity and the satisfaction that all users have. Specifically, electromechanical devices used to provide cleaning services require complex interactions. These interactions determine the usability and performance of devices. Therefore, devices must have appropriate ergonomic arrangements for human–machine interactions. Otherwise, the desired performance cannot be achieved. This study analyzes the performance of an urban cleaning device (pressure washer on a power take-off van) using human–machine interaction method. The method measures visceral and behavioral levels (set by Norman) and service times. Using these measurements, the usability of the pressure washer is determined according to different factors that facilitate the operator’s well-being in the working environment. A pressure washer from Feniks Cleaning and Safety, Limited Company, has been studied. Sixteen errors related to ergonomics, usability and safety were identified in this machine, which operates in more than 40 locations in Spain. Therefore, this study provides valuable information on the usability and performance of pressure washers, as well as possibilities for improvement.

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Edrah, Mohamed, Xiaowei Zhao, William Hung, et al. "Electromechanical interactions of full scale converter wind turbine with power oscillation damping and inertia control." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 135 (February 2022): 107522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107522.

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Xie, Da, Wangping Wu, Xitian Wang, Chenghong Gu, Yanchi Zhang, and Furong Li. "An Integrated Electromechanical Model of the Fixed-Speed Induction Generator for Turbine-Grid Interactions Analysis." Electric Power Components and Systems 46, no. 4 (2018): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325008.2018.1449035.

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Zhu, Jueyong, Mehrdad Negahban, Jie Xu, Rongyu Xia, and Zheng Li. "Theoretical Analysis of Piezoelectric Semiconductor Thick Plates with Periodic Boundary Conditions." Micromachines 14, no. 12 (2023): 2174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14122174.

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Piezoelectric semiconductors, being materials with both piezoelectric and semiconducting properties, are of particular interest for use in multi-functional devices and naturally result in multi-physics analysis. This study provides analytical solutions for thick piezoelectric semiconductor plates with periodic boundary conditions and includes an investigation of electromechanical coupling effects. Using the linearization of the drift-diffusion equations for both electrons and holes for small carrier concentration perturbations, the governing equations are solved by the extended Stroh formalism, which is a method for solving the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a problem. The solution, obtained in the form of a series expansion with an unknown coefficient, is solved by matching Fourier series expansions of the boundary conditions. The distributions of electromechanical fields and the concentrations of electrons and holes under four-point bending and three-point bending loads are calculated theoretically. The effects of changing the period length and steady-state carrier concentrations are covered in the discussion, which also reflects the extent of coupling in multi-physics interactions. The results provide a theoretical method for understanding and designing with piezoelectric semiconductor materials.

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Su, Yaxuan, and Zhidong Zhou. "Electromechanical Analysis of Flexoelectric Nanosensors Based on Nonlocal Elasticity Theory." Micromachines 11, no. 12 (2020): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11121077.

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Flexoelectric materials have played an increasingly vital role in nanoscale sensors, actuators, and energy harvesters due to their scaling effects. In this paper, the nonlocal effects on flexoelectric nanosensors are considered in order to investigate the coupling responses of beam structures. This nonlocal elasticity theory involves the nonlocal stress, which captures the effects of nonlocal and long-range interactions, as well as the strain gradient stress. Based on the electric Gibbs free energy, the governing equations and related boundary conditions are deduced via the generalized variational principle for flexoelectric nanobeams subjected to several typical external loads. The closed-form expressions of the deflection and induced electric potential (voltage) values of flexoelectric sensors are obtained. The numerical results show that the nonlocal effects have a considerable influence on the induced electric potential of flexoelectric sensors subjected to general transverse forces. Moreover, the induced electric potential values of flexoelectric sensors calculated by the nonlocal model may be smaller or larger than those calculated by the classical model, depending on the category of applied loads. The present research indicates that nonlocal effects should be considered in order to understand or design basic nano-electromechanical components subjected to various external loads.

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Hao, Guannan, Xiangwei Dong, Zengliang Li, and Xiaoxiao Liu. "Dynamic Response of PVDF Cantilever Due to Droplet Impact Using an Electromechanical Model." Sensors 20, no. 20 (2020): 5764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205764.

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The dynamic response of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) cantilever beam under excitation of water droplet impact is investigated by developing an electromechanical model. In the model, the governing equations of beam motion and output voltage are derived in the theoretical way, such that the voltage across the PVDF layer and the cantilever deflection can be predicted. The motion of the beam is described by the multi-mode vibration model through which more accurate results can be obtained. The predicted results of the model are validated by the experiment. Combined with the experiment and the model, the effect of surface wettability on droplet-substrate interaction mechanisms is investigated, which provides an insight into the improvement of mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency in raindrop energy harvesting (REH) applications. Results show: (1) the droplet splash on a super-hydrophobic beam surface has a positive effect on voltage generation. The splash limit that affects the reaction force of the impacting droplet is experimentally determined and greatly dominant by the Weber number. (2) Small-scaled droplets in splash regime allow generating higher voltage output from a super-hydrophobic beam surface than from an untreated hydrophilic beam surface. (3) Tests of successive droplet impacts also show that a super-hydrophobic surface performs better over a hydrophilic surface by producing constant peak voltage and higher electrical energy harvested. In this case, the voltage measured from the hydrophilic surface decreases gradually as the water layer is accumulated. Overall, the electromechanical behaviors of a super-hydrophobic PVDF cantilever sensor can be well predicted by the model which shows a great potential in energy harvesting by maximizing the inelastic collision upon droplet-substrate interactions.

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Manley, Michael E., Douglas L. Abernathy, Raffi Sahul, et al. "Giant electromechanical coupling of relaxor ferroelectrics controlled by polar nanoregion vibrations." Science Advances 2, no. 9 (2016): e1501814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501814.

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Relaxor-based ferroelectrics are prized for their giant electromechanical coupling and have revolutionized sensor and ultrasound applications. A long-standing challenge for piezoelectric materials has been to understand how these ultrahigh electromechanical responses occur when the polar atomic displacements underlying the response are partially broken into polar nanoregions (PNRs) in relaxor-based ferroelectrics. Given the complex inhomogeneous nanostructure of these materials, it has generally been assumed that this enhanced response must involve complicated interactions. By using neutron scattering measurements of lattice dynamics and local structure, we show that the vibrational modes of the PNRs enable giant coupling by softening the underlying macrodomain polarization rotations in relaxor-based ferroelectric PMN-xPT {(1 − x)[Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3] – xPbTiO3} (x = 30%). The mechanism involves the collective motion of the PNRs with transverse acoustic phonons and results in two hybrid modes, one softer and one stiffer than the bare acoustic phonon. The softer mode is the origin of macroscopic shear softening. Furthermore, a PNR mode and a component of the local structure align in an electric field; this further enhances shear softening, revealing a way to tune the ultrahigh piezoelectric response by engineering elastic shear softening.

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Bashir, Musavir, and Parvathy Rajendran. "A review on electroactive polymers development for aerospace applications." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 19 (2018): 3681–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18798951.

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Newfangled smart materials have inspired the researchers to look for more efficient materials that can respond to specific stimuli and retain the original shape. Electroactive polymers are such materials which are capable of sensing and real-time actuation. Various electroactive polymers are excellent candidates due to high strain rate, fast response, reliability and high mechanical compliance despite tough manufacturing. In this study, electroactive polymers are reviewed and the general enabling mechanisms employing their distinct characteristics are presented, and the factors influencing the properties of various electroactive polymers are also discussed. Our study also enumerates the current trends in the development of electroactive polymers along with its progress in aerospace discipline. The electromechanical properties of electroactive polymer materials endow them the capability to work as both sensors and actuators in the field of aerospace. Hence, we provide an overview of various applications of electroactive polymers in aerospace field, notably aircraft morphing. These actuators are vastly used in aerospace applications like Mars Nano-rover, space robotic, flapping wings and active flap. Therefore, the electroactive polymer applications such as effective actuators can be investigated more in their materials, molecular interactions, electromechanics and actuation mechanisms. Considering electroactive polymers unique properties, they will endeavour the great potential applications within aerospace industry.

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Ochs, David S., Ruth Douglas Miller, and Warren N. White. "Simulation of Electromechanical Interactions of Permanent-Magnet Direct-Drive Wind Turbines Using the FAST Aeroelastic Simulator." IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 5, no. 1 (2014): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tste.2013.2269681.

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Zhang, Yun-Fei, Fei-Peng Du, Ling Chen, et al. "Supramolecular ionic polymer/carbon nanotube composite hydrogels with enhanced electromechanical performance." Nanotechnology Reviews 9, no. 1 (2020): 478–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0039.

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AbstractElectroactive hydrogels have received increasing attention due to the possibility of being used in biomimetics, such as for soft robotics and artificial muscles. However, the applications are hindered by the poor mechanical properties and slow response time. To address these issues, in this study, supramolecular ionic polymer–carbon nanotube (SIPC) composite hydrogels were fabricated via in situ free radical polymerization. The polymer matrix consisted of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), styrene sulfonic sodium (SSNa), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-grafted acrylamide, and ferrocene (Fc)-grafted acrylamide, with the incorporation of SSNa serving as the ionic source. On applying an external voltage, the ions accumulate on one side of the matrix, leading to localized swelling and bending of the structure. Therefore, a controllable and reversible actuation can be achieved by changing the applied voltage. The tensile strength of the SIPC was improved by over 300%, from 12 to 49 kPa, due to the reinforcement effect of the CNTs and the supramolecular host–guest interactions between the β-CD and Fc moieties. The inclusion of CNTs not only improved the tensile properties but also enhanced the ion mobility, which lead to a faster electromechanical response. The presented electro-responsive composite hydrogel shows a high potential for the development of robotic devices and soft smart components for sensing and actuating applications.

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Eisenberg, S. R., and A. J. Grodzinsky. "The Kinetics of Chemically Induced Nonequilibrium Swelling of Articular Cartilage and Corneal Stroma." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 109, no. 1 (1987): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3138647.

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An electromechanical model for charged, hydrated tissues is developed to predict the kinetics of changes in swelling and isometric compressive stress induced by changes in bath salt concentration. The model focuses on ionic transport as the rate limiting step in chemically modulating electrical interactions between the charged macromolecules of the extracellular matrix. The swelling response to such changes in local interaction forces is determined by the relative rates of chemical diffusion and fluid redistribution in the tissue sample. We have tested the model by comparing the experimentally observed salt-induced stress relaxation response in bovine articular cartilage and corneal stroma to the response predicted by the model using constitutive relations for the concentration dependent material properties of the tissues reported in a related study. The qualitatively good agreement between our experimental measurements and the predictions of the model supports the physical basis of the model and demonstrates the model’s ability to discriminate between the two soft connective tissues that were examined.

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