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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Électrocardiographie – Foetus"
Sameni, Reza. "Extraction des signaux cardiaques du foetus à partir d'un réseau de capteurs placés sur l'abdomen de la mère". Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0067.
Pełny tekst źródłaCongenital heart defects are among the most common birth defects and the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths. Most cardiac defects have some manifestation in the morphology of cardiac electrical signals, which are recorded by electrocardiography and are believed to contain much more information as compared with conventional sonographic methods. Therefore, the noninvasive study of fetal cardiac signals can provide an effective means of monitoring the well-being of the fetal heart and may be used for the early detection of cardiac abnormalities. In previous studies, various methods have been developed for the processing and extraction of fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) signals recorded from the maternal body surface. However, due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of these signals, the application of fetal electrocardiography has been limited to heartbeat analysis and invasive ECG recordings during labor. In this research, the objective is to improve the signal processing aspects of fetal cardiography and to provide better insights of this problem, by developing new techniques for the modeling and filtering of fetal ECG signals recorded from an array of electrodes placed on the maternal abdomen. The basic idea behind the developed methods is to use a priori information about cardiac signals, such as their pseudo-periodic structure, to improve the performance of the currently existing techniques and to design novel filtering techniques that are customized for cardiac signals. Due to the overlap of the fetal signals and interferences/noises in different domains, the methods that use the information in only one of these domains do not usually succeed in extracting the fetal ECG. Therefore, we design methods that use the information from various domains, in order to improve the quality of the extracted signals. Theoretically, the proposed methods are combinations of morphological models of the ECG, ad hoc Bayesian filtering techniques based on estimation theory, and special classes of spatial filters adapted from the blind and semi-blind source separation context. It is shown that due to the generality of the proposed methods, the same procedures are also applicable to multichannel adult ECG recordings and can be used in real-time cardiac monitoring systems. Moreover, the developed methods are based on the cardiac signal morphology without going into the details of volume conduction theory and the conductivities of the propagation media. Hence, the same methods are applicable to other cardiac monitoring modalities such as the magnetocardiogram (MCG), which are morphologically similar to the ECG. We specifically present a case study on the extraction of twin fetal MCG signals. We also present an advanced deflation technique, which is able to separate subspaces of desired signals from degenerate mixtures of signal and noise. This idea has found various applications in other contexts
Resendiz, rojas Mariel. "Estimation multimodale du Rythme Cardiaque Foetal : contributions méthodologiques etvalidation clinique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04650910.
Pełny tekst źródłaFetal heart rate (FHR) analysis remains the most common technique for monitoring fetal well-being and detecting fetal distress during labor and delivery. Although cardiotocography (CTG) is today the reference non-invasive clinical technique for measuring FHR, it suffers from a number of drawbacks, prompting interest in alternative technologies such as abdominal electrocardiography (ECG) and phonocardiography (PCG).An original solution, using a single abdominal signal (ECG or PCG), has been proposed to address both the feasibility in clinical routine and the challenge of the difficult detection of temporal events in signals recorded in real-life conditions. Based on the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm, it exploits the semi-periodicity of the fetal ECG or PCG to estimate the FHR.The work carried out in this thesis is both experimental and algorithmic. On the experimental side, a database of 40 recordings from volunteer pregnant women in the last month of pregnancy was set up, with synchronous recording of thoracic and abdominal ECG and PCG signals, simultaneously with the reference CTG. It was analyzed both experimentally and clinically. From an algorithmic point of view, the first version of the proposed method assumed temporal independence, and did not take into account the property of continuity of FHR values. Therefore, the algorithmic work carried out in this thesis contributed to the addition of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to the NMF framework to include physiological information on the temporal evolution of the FHR. This proposal has been implemented numerically and evaluated on real data
Niknazar, Mohammad. "Extraction et débruitage de signaux ECG du foetus". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00954175.
Pełny tekst źródłaNoorzadeh, Saman. "Extraction de l'ECG du foetus et de ses caractéristiques grâce à la multi-modalité". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT135/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaFetal health must be carefully monitored during pregnancy to detect early fetal cardiac diseases, and provide appropriate treatment. Technological development allows a monitoring during pregnancy using the non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (ECG). Noninvasive fetal ECG is a method not only to detect fetal heart rate, but also to analyze the morphology of fetal ECG, which is now limited to analysis of the invasive ECG during delivery. However, the noninvasive fetal ECG recorded from the mother's abdomen is contaminated with several noise sources among which the maternal ECG is the most prominent.In the present study, the problem of noninvasive fetal ECG extraction is tackled using multi-modality. Beside ECG signal, this approach benefits from the Phonocardiogram (PCG) signal as another signal modality, which can provide complementary information about the fetal ECG.A general method for quasi-periodic signal analysis and modeling is first described and its application to ECG denoising and fetal ECG extraction is explained. Considering the difficulties caused by the synchronization of the two modalities, the event detection in the quasi-periodic signals is also studied which can be specified to the detection of the R-peaks in the ECG signal.The method considers both clinical and signal processing aspects of the application on ECG and PCG signals. These signals are introduced and their characteristics are explained. Then, using PCG signal as the reference, the Gaussian process modeling is employed to provide the possibility of flexible models as nonlinear estimations. The method also tries to facilitate the practical implementation of the device by using the less possible number of channels and also by using only 1-bit reference signal.The method is tested on synthetic data and also on real data that is recorded to provide a synchronous multi-modal data set.Since a standard agreement for the acquisition of these modalities is not yet taken into much consideration, the factors which influence the signals in recording procedure are introduced and their difficulties and effects are investigated.The results show that the multi-modal approach is efficient in the detection of R-peaks and so in the extraction of fetal heart rate, and it also provides the results about the morphology of fetal ECG
Michoux, Nicolas. "Applications de la théorie des systèmes dynamiques non linéaires à la caractérisation de signaux biomédicaux et à leur modélisation". Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES009.
Pełny tekst źródłaDia, Nafissa. "Suivi non-invasif du rythme cardiaque foetal : exploitation de la factorisation non-négative des matrices sur signaux électrocardiographiques et phonocardiographiques". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAS034.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith more than 200,000 births per day in the world, fetal well-being monitoring during birth is a major clinical challenge. This monitoring is done by analyzing the fetal heart rate (FHR) and its variability, and this has to be robust while minimizing the number of non-invasive sensors to lay on the mother's abdomen.In this context, electrocardiogram (ECG) and phonocardiogram (PCG) signals are of interest since they both bring cardiac information, both redundant and complementary. This multimodality as well as some features of ECG and PCG signals, as quasi-periodicity, have been exploited. Several propositions were put in competition, based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), a matrix decomposition algorithm adapted to physiological signals.The final solution proposed for the FHR estimation is based on a source-filter modeling of real fetal ECG or PCG signals, previously extracted, allowing an estimation of the fundamental frequency by NMF.The approach was carried out on a clinical database of ECG and PCG signals on pregnant women and FHR results were validated by comparison with the cardiotocography clinical reference technique