Rozprawy doktorskie: „Editing”

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Morrison, Kenneth E. "Wordsworth's Decline: Self-editing and Editing the Self". TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/220.

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In critical discourse surrounding the poetry of William Wordsworth, it has become generally acceptable to describe the course of the poet’s career by means of a theory of “decline.” In its most common form, this theory argues that Wordsworth’s best poetry was written during one “Great Decade” (1798-1807)—an isolated epoch of prolificacy and genius. His subsequent works, it is argued, neither surpass nor equal his initial efforts; the course of his career after 1808 may be best described in terms of declivity, ebb, and decline. Due to its ideological complicity with the very texts it engages, and due to its construction as a “myth” of criticism, the theory of decline ultimately becomes a reductive premise that precludes understanding Wordsworth’s apparent downtrend as a complex but explicable process. This study therefore seeks to provide a critical explanation for the process of decline so often observed in Wordsworth’s poetry. In essence, I contend that the perceptible downtrend in Wordsworth’s verse is the direct consequence of continuous, career-long processes of revision or self-editing. This self-editing took two forms: First, the explicit form, whereby Wordsworth actually emended his poetry; and second, the implicit form, whereby Wordsworth sought, through his poetry, to amend his self-image by constructing an autobiography tailored to fit an idealized poetic identity. This analysis thus reveals and explicates Wordsworth’s possible motives for revision—the fluctuating demands made upon the poet by the poet himself. Because these demands represent the operative (if unstable) principle underlying specific textual changes, one may infer from their character the reasons why Wordsworth’s later poetry suffers in revision. By attending to the process whereby earlier verse was continually revised in order to fit a conceptual or poetic context for which it was not originally intended, I demonstrate how the actual substance of Wordsworth’s poetry was compromised or attenuated through a reductive (re)appropriation of its own materials. Unlike many critics, I do not treat Wordsworth’s revisions as the signifiers of some external change. Instead, my approach keys upon the conflict between Wordsworth’s efforts to realize a stable poetic identity and the representational and rhetorical limitations of poetic form, particularly with regards to autobiography. Drawing on the work of Susan Wolfson, Paul de Man, and Harold Bloom, I argue that Wordsworth’s revisionary practices are motivated by an agonistic process best described as “autobiographical anxiety” or the “‘anxiety of influence’ turned inward.” Ultimately, I conclude that Wordsworth’s decline was the consequence of an overarching ethic of composition which, because it privileged revision as a means of changing not only poetry but the poet himself, allowed self-consciousness to become a self-defeating agent.

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Brooks, S. "Concise texture editing". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596939.

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Many computer graphics applications remain in the domain of the specialist. They are typically characterized by complex user-directed tasks, often requiring proficiency in design, colour spaces, computer interaction and file management. Furthermore, the demands of this skill set are often exacerbated by an equally complex collection of image or object manipulation commands embedded in a variety of interface components. The complexity of these graphic editing tools often requires that the user possess a correspondingly high level of expertise. Concise Texture Editing is aimed at addressing the over-complexity of modern graphics tools and is based on the intuitive notion that the human user is skilled at high level decision making while the computer is proficient at rapid computation. This thesis has focused on the development of interactive editing tools for 2D texture images and has led to the development of a novel texture manipulation system that allows: • the concise painting of a texture; • the concise cloning of textures; • the concise alteration of-texture element size; The system allows complex operations to be performed on images with minimal user interaction. When applied to the domain of image editing, this implies that the user can instruct the system to perform complex changes to digital images without having to specify copious amounts of detail. In order to reduce the user's workload, the inherent self-similarity of textures is assessed using wavelets and is exploited to interactively replicate editing operations globally over an image. This unique image system thereby reduces the user's workload through semi-automation, resulting in an acutely concise user interface.

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Lee, William W. L. (William Wai Lam) Carleton University Dissertation Computer Science. "Tree editing algorithms". Ottawa, 1992.

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Fong, Heung Wah. "Editing explosion simulations /". View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?COMP%202004%20FONG.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-71). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Kinser, Amber E. "Editing an Anthology". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1238.

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This book provides guidance and insight for women who write about family. Award-winning women writers from all walks of life share their experiences in planning, composing, editing, publishing, teaching, and promoting work in a variety of writing genres. Readers will learn to tackle sensitive family issues and avoid pitfalls in memoir writing, poetry, fiction, and others. Filled with tips, exercises, and anecdotes, this anthology is appropriate for both well-seasoned writers and those just beginning.

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Castanon, velasco Oscar. "Targeting the transposable elements of the genome to enable large-scale genome editing and bio-containment technologies". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX006.

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Les nucléases programmables et site-spécifiques comme CRISPR-Cas9 sont des signes avant-coureurs d’une nouvelle révolution en génie génétique et portent en germe un espoir de modification radicale de la santé humaine. Le « multiplexing » ou la capacité d’introduire plusieurs modifications simultanées dans le génome sera particulièrement utile en recherche tant fondamentale qu’appliquée. Ce nouvel outil sera susceptible de sonder les fonctions physiopathologiques de circuits génétiques complexes et de développer de meilleures thérapies cellulaires ou traitements antiviraux. En repoussant les limites du génie génétique, il sera possible d’envisager la réécriture et la conception de génomes mammifères. Le développement de notre capacité à modifier profondément le génome pourrait permettre la création de cellules résistantes aux cancers, aux virus ou même au vieillissement ; le développement de cellules ou tissus transplantables compatibles entre donneurs et receveurs ; et pourrait même rendre possible la résurrection d’espèces animales éteintes. Dans ce projet de recherche doctoral, nous présentons l’état de l’art du génie génétique « multiplex », les limites actuelles et les perspectives d’améliorations. Nous tirons profit de ces connaissances ainsi que de l’abondance des éléments transposables de notre ADN afin de construire une plateforme d’optimisation et de développement de nouveaux outils de génie génétique qui autorisent l’édition génomique à grande échelle. Nous démontrons que ces technologies permettent la production de modifications à l’échelle du génome allant jusqu’à 3 ordres de grandeur supplémentaires que précédemment, ouvrant la voie au développement de la réécriture des génomes de mammifères. En outre, l’observation de la toxicité engendrée par la multitude de coupures double-brins dans le génome nous a amenés à développer un bio-interrupteur susceptible d’éviter les effets secondaires des thérapies cellulaires actuelles ou futures. Enfin, en conclusion, nous exposons les potentielles inquiétudes et menaces qu’apporte le domaine génie génétiques et apportons des pistes de réflexions pour diminuer les risques identifiés
Programmable and site-specific nucleases such as CRISPR-Cas9 have started a genome editing revolution, holding hopes to transform human health. Multiplexing or the ability to simultaneously introduce many distinct modifications in the genome will be required for basic and applied research. It will help to probe the physio-pathological functions of complex genetic circuits and to develop improved cell therapies or anti-viral treatments. By pushing the boundaries of genome engineering, we may reach a point where writing whole mammalian genomes will be possible. Such a feat may lead to the generation of virus-, cancer- or aging- free cell lines, universal donor cell therapies or may even open the way to de-extinction. In this doctoral research project, I outline the current state-of-the-art of multiplexed genome editing, the current limits and where such technologies could be headed in the future. We leveraged this knowledge as well as the abundant transposable elements present in our DNA to build an optimization pipeline and develop a new set of tools that enable large-scale genome editing. We achieved a high level of genome modifications up to three orders of magnitude greater than previously recorded, therefore paving the way to mammalian genome writing. In addition, through the observation of the cytotoxicity generated by multiple double-strand breaks within the genome, we developed a bio-safety switch that could potentially prevent the adverse effects of current and future cell therapies. Finally, I lay out the potential concerns and threats that such an advance in genome editing technology may be bringing and point out possible solutions to mitigate the risks

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Donati, Francesco. "RNA editing deficient mutants of APOBEC1: from genome editing to cancer". Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1096842.

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APOBEC-1 is a cytosine-to-uracil deaminase that exerts its primary physiological role in the editing of the Apolipoprotein B mRNA at C6666. Recent studies outlined the ability of APOBEC1 to edit also DNA, thus linking its mutational property to the its overexpression in cancer. Several reports suggest that APOBEC1 can alter the cellular state by targeting RNA molecules. Our hypothesis portrays APOBEC1 as the trigger for a dual path towards cancer through its DNA- and RNA- targeting abilities, and its activity as central to the onset of tumorigenic features. Aim of my PhD project is to understand whether APOBEC1 oncogenic potential is mainly related to its ability to edit RNA or DNA. To this aim, I assessed the tumorigenic potential of a set of APOBEC1 mutants, selected for a dissociation in their RNA and DNA editing ability: they are DNA editing proficient but unable to edit RNA. I characterized these mutants and I tested them in mice to assess their ability to trigger liver tumors. Even if unable to edit RNA, the APOBEC1 mutants are still able to induce tumor formation. This means that RNA editing does not play a central role in the oncogenic potential of APOBEC1. Moreover, considering the recent developments in genome editing, I have exploited these mutants as base editors -fusions of the DNA targeting Cas9 with a DNA deaminase- that allow the correction of single bases: the most common mutator moiety in cytosine-targeting base editors is based on APOBEC1, but overexpression of the APOBEC1-Cas9 chimera results in a substantial amount of RNA and DNA off-target alterations. Once fused with Cas9, our RNA-editing deficient mutants were able to mutate the target DNA. On the other hand, I demonstrated that their off-target activity on RNA is orders of magnitude lower than that of wild type APOBEC1, at the same levels of the negative controls. Exploitation of these mutants could thus provide tools for safer base editing both in vitro and in vivo.

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Khabirova, Maja. "Graphics workflow optimization when editing standard tasks using modern graphics editing programs". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162763.

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This work focuses on the description and characteristics of common problems which graphic designers face daily when working for advertising agencies. This work describes tasks and organises them according to the type of graphic being processed and the types of output. In addition, this work describes the ways these common tasks can be completed using modern graphics editing software. It also provides a practical definition of a graphic designer and graphic agency. The aim of this work is to map out the fundamental tasks with raster graphics which graphic designers must perform most frequently during their work and to suggest an optimal workflow. As a result, after collating all of the proposed solutions, a manual should take form. It should help to facilitate early stages of work for students who may hold the position of junior graphic designer within advertising agencies.

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Hristova, Hristina. "Example-guided image editing". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S119/document.

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Les contributions de cette thèse sont divisées en trois parties principales. Dans la partie 1, nous proposons une méthode locale utilisant une distribution GGM pour approcher les distributions des images en les subdivisant en groupe de pixels que nous appelons dorénavant clusters. L'idée principale consiste à déterminer quelle caractéristique (couleur, luminance) est plus représentative pour une image donnée. Puis nous utilisons cette caractéristique pour subdiviser l'image en clusters. Quatre stratégies de mise en correspondance des clusters de l'image d'entrée avec ceux de l'image cible sont proposées. Ces stratégies ont pour but de produire des images photoréalistes dont le style ressemble à celui de l'image cible (dans notre cas le style d'une image est défini en termes de couleur et luminosité). Nous étendons le principe de transfert de couleur au transfert simultané de couleur et de gradient. Afin de pouvoir décrire las distributions de couleur et de gradient par une seule distribution, nous adoptons le modèle MGGD (multivariate generalized Gaussian distributions). Nous proposons une nouvelle transformation de distribution MGGD pour des applications de traitement d'image telles que le transfert multi-dimensionnel de caractéristiques d'image, de couleur, etc. De plus, nous adoptons aussi un modèle de distribution plus précis (distribution Beta bornée) pour représenter des distributions de couleur et de luminosité. Nous proposons une transformation de distribution Beta qui permet d'effectuer un transfert de couleur entre images et qui s'avère plus performante que celles basées sur les distributions Gaussiennes. Dans la partie 2, nous introduisons une nouvelle méthode permettant de créer des images HDR à partir d'une paire d'images, l'une prise avec flash et l'autre pas. Notre méthode consiste en l'utilisation d'une fonction de luminosité (brightness) simulant la fonction de réponse d'une caméra, et d'une nouvelle fonction d'adaptation de couleur (CAT), appelée CAT bi-locale (bi-local CAT), permettant de reproduire les détails de l'image flash. Cette approche évite toutes les limitations inhérentes aux méthodes classiques de création d'images HDR. Dans la partie 3, nous exploitons le potentiel de notre adaptation bi-locale CAT pour diverses applications d'édition d'image telles que la suppression de bruit (dé-bruitage), suppression de flou, transfert de texture, etc. Nous introduisons notre nouveau filtre guidé dans lequel nous incorporons l'adaptation bi-locale CAT dans la partie 3
This thesis addresses three main topics from the domain of image processing, i.e. color transfer, high-dynamic-range (HDR) imaging and guidance-based image filtering. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to color transfer between input and target images. We adopt cluster-based techniques and apply Gaussian mixture models to carry out a more precise color transfer. In addition, we propose four new mapping policies to robustly portray the target style in terms of two key features: color, and light. Furthermore, we exploit the properties of the multivariate generalized Gaussian distributions (MGGD). in order to transfer an ensemble of features between images simultaneously. The multi-feature transfer is carried out using our novel transformation of the MGGD. Despite the efficiency of the proposed MGGD transformation for multi-feature transfer, our experiments have shown that the bounded Beta distribution provides a much more precise model for the color and light distributions of images. To exploit this property of the Beta distribution, we propose a new color transfer method, where we model the color and light distributions by the Beta distribution and introduce a novel transformation of the Beta distribution. The second part of this thesis focuses on HDR imaging. We introduce a method for automatic creation of HDR images from only two images - flash and non-flash images. We mimic the camera response function by a brightness function and we recover details from the flash image using our new chromatic adaptation transform (CAT), called bi-local CAT. That way, we efficiently recover the dynamic range of the real-world scenes without compromising the quality of the HDR image (as our method is robust to misalignment). In the context of the HDR image creation, the bi-local CAT recovers details from the flash image, removes flash shadows and reflections. In the last part of this thesis, we exploit the potential of the bi-local CAT for various image editing applications such as image de-noising, image de-blurring, texture transfer, etc. We propose a novel guidance-based filter in which we embed the bi-local CAT. The proposed filter performs as good as (and for certain applications even better than) state-of-the art methods

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McGurk, Leeane. "Drosophila lacking RNA editing". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2695.

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ADAR is an adenosine deaminase that acts on dsRNA. Once bound to dsRNA, ADAR deaminates specific adenosines into inosines. If this occurs within the coding region of a transcript the inosine will be read as a guanosine. This can lead to a change in the amino acid at this position and increase protein diversity. In mammals there are three ADAR genes: ADAR1, ADAR2 and ADAR3. However, only ADAR1 and ADAR2 have been shown to be enzymatically active. ADAR1 is widely expressed and can edit both coding RNA and non-coding RNA. ADAR2 is restricted to the CNS and the key transcript that it edits encodes the GluR-B subunit of the glutamate-gated ion channel receptor. Editing of the Q/R site in the GluR-B transcript occurs with an efficiency of more than 99.9% and changes the genomically encoded glutamine into an arginine. This results in an ion channel that is impermeable to calcium. The ADAR2 knock-out mice are viable, but suffer from epileptic seizures and die by day 20. This phenotype can be rescued by expressing the edited R isoform of GluR-B, suggesting that this site is the most important target for ADAR2. Drosophila has only one Adar gene and its product has been reported to edit more than one hundred adenosines in different transcripts. Many of these transcripts encode subunits of ion channels, and it has been hypothesised that lack of ion channel editing causes the behavioural defects and age-related neurodegeneration observed in Adar deletion mutants. In this thesis I investigate the function of ADAR in an uncharacterised Adar mutant, Adar5G1. To characterise the Adar5G1mutant I not only used standard histology but a 3D imaging technique, optical projection tomography (OPT), that had not been reported to be used with Drosophila before this work. OPT allows the internal organs to be imaged without any manual sectioning or dissecting. I used OPT to identify neurodegenerative vacuoles from within the intact head and present the data both in 2D and in 3D. In addition to this, I demonstrate that this technique can be used to image global expression patterns in the Drosophila adult and I relate the TAU-β galactosidase expression pattern to the Drosophila anatomy. The neurodegeneration observed by OPT was confirmed by detailed analysis of stained wax sections. Complete loss of Adar, in the Adar5G1 mutant revealed age-dependent vacuolisation of the retina and mushroom body calyces. The vacuolisation observed in the Adar5G1 mutant was rescued by expression of Drosophila Adar and human ADAR1 p110, and ADAR2. However the cytoplasmic form of ADAR1, ADAR1 p150, did not rescue the vacuolisation of the Adar5G1 mutant. ADAR3, a catalytically inactive ADAR, rescued the vacuolisation phenotype of the Adar5G1 mutant, suggesting that ADAR may have an additional function independent of editing activity. The vacuolisation of the Adar5G1mutant was found not to be associated with type I programmed cell death. However, it was associated with swollen nerve fibres and degrading ommatidia containing multilamellar whorls. Neurodegeneration in various Drosophila mutant models and human neuropathies has been associated with similar cellular structures, suggesting that loss of ADAR results in neurodegeneration common to many of the known neuropathies. Finally, I found that expression of edited isoforms of the nicotinic receptor channel 34E subunit (Nic 34E) failed to rescue the locomotion phenotype of the Adar mutant. However, I found preliminary evidence that one of the lines generated for an edited isoform of Rdl, a subunit of the GABA receptor ion channel, gave a partial rescue of both locomotion and neurodegeneration of the Adar1F4 and Adar5G1 mutant.

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Khan, Erum. "IMAGE-BASED MATERIAL EDITING". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3242.

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Photo editing software allows digital images to be blurred, warped or re-colored at the touch of a button. However, it is not currently possible to change the material appearance of an object except by painstakingly painting over the appropriate pixels. Here we present a set of methods for automatically replacing one material with another, completely different material, starting with only a single high dynamic range image, and an alpha matte specifying the object. Our approach exploits the fact that human vision is surprisingly tolerant of certain (sometimes enormous) physical inaccuracies. Thus, it may be possible to produce a visually compelling illusion of material transformations, without fully reconstructing the lighting or geometry. We employ a range of algorithms depending on the target material. First, an approximate depth map is derived from the image intensities using bilateral filters. The resulting surface normals are then used to map data onto the surface of the object to specify its material appearance. To create transparent or translucent materials, the mapped data are derived from the object's background. To create textured materials, the mapped data are a texture map. The surface normals can also be used to apply arbitrary bidirectional reflectance distribution functions to the surface, allowing us to simulate a wide range of materials. To facilitate the process of material editing, we generate the HDR image with a novel algorithm, that is robust against noise in individual exposures. This ensures that any noise, which would possibly have affected the shape recovery of the objects adversely, will be removed. We also present an algorithm to automatically generate alpha mattes. This algorithm requires as input two images--one where the object is in focus, and one where the background is in focus--and then automatically produces an approximate matte, indicating which pixels belong to the object. The result is then improved by a second algorithm to generate an accurate alpha matte, which can be given as input to our material editing techniques.
Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science

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Alsubki, R. A. "Editing T cell specificity". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1561576/.

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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is considered to be the main means of treatment for hematological malignancies. However, disease relapse and graft versus host disease remain the major cause of death post transplantation. To reduce the risk of graft versus host disease and in order to improve the graft versus leukemia effect, genetically engineered T-cells are used to express tumor specific antigens. This is either through the transfer of a recombinant antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) or through the introduction of antibody-like recognition in chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) toward tumor-associated antigens. These methods have made substantial advances. Nevertheless, the complexity in modifying and producing autologous specific T-cell products for each patient is a major barrier to the broader application of this approach. In this context, the ability to generate an “off-the-shelf” mismatched donor-derived therapeutic T cell product was investigated. To overcome HLA barriers and to eliminate the risk of graft versus host disease, tailored transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) knocking out the expression of endogenous T cell receptor was utilised. Also, the potential of engineered meganucleases and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) to disrupt the genomic sequence of the T cell receptor was evaluated. Large numbers of recent clinical trials have suggested that in vivo persistence and expansion having a potent anti-tumor activity of the genetically engineered T cells is crucial to have a robust clinical response. In order to generate a T cell product possessing these previous features, we have investigated the ability to engineer naïve cord blood T cells toward specific tumor antigens. Due to their naivety, the higher telomeres activity, low graft-versus-hostdisease, amongst several other features, have the potential of making cord blood an optimal source for the production of a universal allogeneic engineered T cell therapy. Moreover, preclinical models have demonstrated that culturing naïve T cells in the presence of interleukin-7 and interleukin-15 might retain the modified cells in their naïve like phenotype. In conclusion, delivery of CD19CAR genes using lentiviral vectors into naïve cord blood T cells could form the basis of generating a universal cell bank of therapeutic T cells against B cell lymphoma. With further optimisation to improve efficiency, this could be combined with TALENs for site-specific disruption of the endogenous T cell receptor to eradicate the risk of graft-versus-host disease.

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Rubin, Benjamin. "Constraint-based cinematic editing". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14219.

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Thesis (M.S.V.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1989.
Videocassette available in both UMatic 3/4 in., and standard 1/2 in. formats. -- Videodisc is CAV format. Title of videodisc: Rowes Wharf : a study in narrative time and space.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-67).
by Benjamin Rubin.
M.S.V.S.

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Hobin, James Keat. "Editing reality made easy". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113151.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Pages unnumbered. Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages [44]-[45]).
The Reality Editor is a system based around the concept that physical objects may serve augmented reality web interfaces while communicating information about their state to the local environment. Its combination of an augmented reality web browser with an object messaging system leads to high usability and simplicity. In my contribution to the project, I reduce the difficulty of creating and controlling compelling augmented reality Internet of Things experiences using the Reality Editor. I simplify the creation process through three areas of work: creating reusable user interface components, designing an in-browser editor, and implementing a drag-and-drop in-app editor. My work on enhancing control takes two forms: developing an object memory system and integrating networked cameras. Finally, I improve the Reality Editor as a whole through a series of efforts targeting its documentation, performance, and reliability.
by James Keat Hobin.
M. Eng.

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Tran, Augustin. "Encrypted Collaborative Editing Software". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703311/.

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Cloud-based collaborative editors enable real-time document processing via remote connections. Their common application is to allow Internet users to collaboratively work on their documents stored in the cloud, even if these users are physically a world apart. However, this convenience comes at a cost in terms of user privacy. Hence, the growth of popularity of cloud computing application stipulates the growth in importance of cloud security. A major concern with the cloud is who has access to user data. In order to address this issue, various third-party services offer encryption mechanisms for protection of the user data in the case of insider attacks or data leakage. However, these services often only encrypt data-at-rest, leaving the data which is being processed potentially vulnerable. The purpose of this study is to propose a prototype software system that encrypts collaboratively edited data in real-time, preserving the user experience similar to that of, e.g., Google Docs.

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Blagodarna, Olena. "Enhancement of post-editing performance: introducing machine translation post-editing in translator training". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666847.

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Los objetivos clave de esta tesis fueron explorar el perfil de los traductores involucrados en posedición, establecer el alcance de las competencias y habilidades requeridas, y sugerir una propuesta de formación válida que mejore el rendimiento de los post-editores noveles de acuerdo con los requisitos del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior. La tesis integró dos estudios secuenciales: una investigación basada en una encuesta que proporcionó información real sobre los perfiles y prácticas de los post-editores, y una investigación empírico-experimental que puso a prueba el modelo de formación sugerido e involucró a un total de 46 estudiantes de traducción en el último año de su licenciatura. Para recoger pruebas concluyentes sobre la aplicabilidad de la propuesta en diferentes contextos lingüísticos, el estudio se centró en 22 participantes que eran estudiantes de la Universidad Aerospacial Nacional de Kharkiv (Ucrania) especializados en traducción inglés-ruso, y 24 participantes que eran estudiantes de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona (España) especializados en traducción inglés-español. El modelo de formación sugerido perseguía la adquisición de conocimientos conceptuales y operativos por parte de los participantes y se incorporó en un estudio experimental antes y después de la prueba. El impacto de dicho modelo se examinó mediante la evaluación de la calidad de los segmentos post-editados y las tasas de rendimiento demostradas por los participantes, así como las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia los temas relacionados con el traducción automática y posedición y la autoevaluación de su rendimiento antes y después de dicha formación. La tesis termina con una reflexión sobre los cambios que podrían introducirse en la formación si se utilizaran sistemas neurales de traducción automática para generar el corpus de formación. La tesis contribuye a la definición del alcance de la experiencia profesional de los post-editores, ofrece un modelo de formación escalable y describe hasta qué punto dicho modelo puede mejorar la posedición de los estudiantes universitarios de traducción.
The key objectives of this thesis were to explore the profile of translators involved in post-editing, to outline the scope of required competencies and skills and to suggest a valid training proposal that would enhance post-editing performance of novice post-editors in conformity with the European Higher Education Area requirements. The thesis integrated two sequential studies: a survey-based research that yielded authentic information concerning post-editors’ profiles and practices and an empirical-experimental research that put the suggested training model to the test and involved a total of 46 translation students in the final year of their Bachelor’s program. To collect conclusive evidence about the applicability of the proposal across different linguistic backgrounds, the study focused on 22 participants who were students at Kharkiv National Aerospace University (Ukraine) and specialized in English-Russian translation, and 24 participants who were students at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Spain) and specialized in English-Spanish translation. The suggested training model pursued acquisition of conceptual and operational knowledge by the trainees and was incorporated in a pretest-posttest experimental study. The impact of such model was examined by the evaluation of the quality of post-edited segments and throughput rates demonstrated by the participants as well as the students’ attitudes to MTPE-related issues and self-evaluation of their post-editing performance before and after the training. The thesis ends with reflections upon the changes that might be brought to the proposal if neural machine translation systems were used to generate the training corpus. The dissertation contributes to the definition of the scope of post-editors’ professional expertise, offers a scalable training model and describes to what extent such model may enhance post-editing performance in undergraduate translation students.

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Wang, Bingbing. "Kinetoplastid RNA editing : in vitro RNA editing and functional analysis of the editosome /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9307.

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Mesa-Lao, Bartolomé. "Explicitation and translation editing environments". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668903.

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Esta tesis presenta una investigación empírica sobre el fenómeno de la explicitación en traducciones elaboradas en tres entornos de traducción diferentes con un grado variable de traducción asistida por ordenador (TAO). El estudio se enmarca dentro del paradigma de la traducción escrita como producto y dentro del ámbito más general de la lingüística de corpus. Como resultado de un experimento con 90 traductores profesionales, se ha compilado un corpus paralelo alineado (inglés – español) con el fin de verificar la existencia de marcas de explicitación en tres textos técnicos (guías de usuario y marketing de software). El análisis de las marcas de explicitación en las traducciones se realiza buscando posibles correlaciones con factores objetivos/externos, tales como el entorno utilizado para traducir (presencia/ausencia de segmentación automática del texto impuesta por una memoria de traducción o presencia/ausencia de información del formato del texto mientras se traduce). Del mismo modo, el análisis de las marcas de explicitación en las traducciones se correlaciona con factores subjetivos/personales, tales como el perfil de traductor y su experiencia. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que diferentes categorías de explicitación correlacionan de manera diferente con la presencia/ausencia de una memoria de traducción durante el proceso de traducción. El perfil de los traductores y su experiencia también correlaciona de manera diferente con el presencia/ausencia de ciertas marcas de explicitación cuando se traduce en un entorno de traducción asistida por ordenador.
This thesis presents an empirical investigation on explicitation phenomena in translations done under three different translation editing environments involving a variable degree of machine-aided human translation (MAHT). The study falls within the product-oriented translation paradigm and within the more general field of corpus linguistics. Resulting from an experiment involving 90 professional translators, a multiple translation corpus (English – Spanish) is set up with a view to verifying the existence of explicitation phenomena in three different technical texts (software user guides and software marketing collaterals). Explicitation traces in translations are analyzed looking for possible correlations with some objective/external factors, such as the translation editing environment used to translate (i.e. present/absent of automatic text segmentation imposed by a translation memory and present/absent of layout information while translating), as well as with other more subjective/personal factors such as translator profile and experience. Results show that different categories of explicitation phenomena correlate differently with the present/absence of a translation memory during the translation process. Translator profiles and experience also correlate differently with the present/absence of certain explicitation traces in the final target texts when working in a translation memory-mediated environment.

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Kraevoy, Vladislav. "Model repair and editing tools". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31370.

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With the declining production cost and improvement of scanning technology, three-dimensional model acquisition systems are rapidly becoming more affordable. At the same time, personal computers with graphics hardware capable of displaying complex 3D models have become inexpensive enough to be available to a large population. As a result, there is, potentially, an opportunity to consider new virtual reality uses from areas as diverse as cultural heritage exploration and retail sales applications that will allow people to view associated large classes of realistic 3D objects on home computers and media devices. Although there are many physical techniques for acquiring 3D data, including laser scanners, CT or MRI scans, the basic pipeline of operations (Figure 1.1) lacks a sufficient set of tools to take the acquired data and produce a usable 3D model. This dissertation proposes a set of efficient and robust 3D data reconstruction and editing tools for such a pipeline. We look at the fundamental problems of range scan data completion, modeling, and parameterization. We propose a new cross-parameterization method for efficient calculation of a low-distortion bijective mapping between models. Recent research in digital geometry processing suggests multiple new applications for such a mapping, including pair-wise model editing [11] transferring texture and surface properties (BRDFs, normal maps, etc) [61], and fitting template meshes to multiple data sets [7, 55]. We also extend our cross-parameterization technique to support models with gaps and holes. This allows us to develop a new and robust method for template-based range scan data completion. One of the most significant obstacles in computer graphics is providing easy-to-use tools for creating and editing detailed 3D models. To this end, we present a new set of tools with which non-expert user can create detailed geometric models quickly and easily. In particular, we propose a new modeling system for creating new, original models by mixing and matching parts of pre-existing models. In this way, we eliminate the need for a user to perform complex geometric operations, and thereby reduce the modeling process to that of part selection. This dissertation also proposes a new technique for image-based modeling that allows a user to easily transform a sketch or picture into a 3D model using a 3D template model. The 3D template provides the geometric detail that cannot be inferred from an image alone. This allows the user to create detailed geometric models from pictures alone. We also introduce a real-time editing algorithm that allows the creation of new models through the deformation of existing ones. Our proposed editing algorithm has applications in such common geometric operations as mesh deformation, morphing, and blending. Thus, we propose contributions to the model repair and editing pipeline that simplifies the task of creating and repairing detailed 3D models.
Science, Faculty of
Computer Science, Department of
Graduate

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20

Schön, Matilda. "THE NEW WAY OF EDITING?" Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Bildproduktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-27092.

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Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka Steven Mirriones och Juliette Welflings klippstil i filmen The Hunger Games (2012). Sex olika situationer som representerar en bredd av användning av jump cuts har analyserats för att undersöka jump cutsens funktioner, hur diskontinuitet kombineras med kontinuitet samt vad de har för påverkan på filmens narrativa berättande. Med hjälp av Bordwells och Thompsons teori om filmklippningens dimensioner, Murchs teori om vad som motiverar ett klipp och Kimergårds forskning på diskontinuitetsklippning kombinerat med kontinuitetsklippning undersöker uppsatsen jump cuts funktioner, deras relation till det narrativa berättandet och hur de skapar en relation till karaktärerna. Resultatet visar på användandet av jump cuts i filmen The Hunger Games bidrar till att leda den narrativa berättelsen framåt, de skapar en kontakt med karaktärernas subjektiva upplevelser samt visar på att diskontinuitet kan fungera i symbios med kontinuitet.

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21

McCauley, Kym. "Collision/collusion : editing - rhizomes - hypertext /". requires logon and password, 1998. http://www.adfa.edu.au/kmthesis.

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Gerlicher, Ansgar Robert Sandy. "Developing collaborative XML editing systems". Thesis, University of the Arts London, 2007. http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/5372/.

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In many areas the eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML) is becoming the standard exchange and data format. More and more applications not only support XML as an exchange format but also use it as their data model or default file format for graphic, text and database (such as spreadsheet) applications. Computer Supported Cooperative Work is an interdisciplinary field of research dealing with group work, cooperation and their supporting information and communication technologies. One part of it is Real-Time Collaborative Editing, which investigates the design of systems which allow several persons to work simultaneously in real-time on the same document, without the risk of inconsistencies. Existing collaborative editing research applications specialize in one or at best, only a small number of document types; for example graphic, text or spreadsheet documents. This research investigates the development of a software framework which allows collaborative editing of any XML document type in real-time. This presents a more versatile solution to the problems of real-time collaborative editing. This research contributes a new software framework model which will assist software engineers in the development of new collaborative XML editing applications. The devised framework is flexible in the sense that it is easily adaptable to different workflow requirements covering concurrency control, awareness mechanisms and optional locking of document parts. Additionally this thesis contributes a new framework integration strategy that enables enhancements of existing single-user editing applications with real-time collaborative editing features without changing their source code.

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Lam, Kenny H. "Pentimento : retroactive editing for lectures". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91836.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 50-51).
The boom in online education has provided for the potential of a personalized lecture experience for every single student. These recorded lectures provide a major benefit to both students and authors, but currently present several drawbacks as well. The limitations that exist stem from the method in which lectures are created: using video recorders. Video recordings inherently limit the editing capabilities of an author and constrain the interaction from students, providing for a poor choice of media. An alternative encoding of a lecture could provide for a much fuller feature set to users on both sides of a lecture. The Pentimento system was designed to promote the expedited creation of hand-drawn lecture notes for online education platforms such as edX or Coursera. By decoupling the visual and audio domains of a lecture, content creators are able to more freely fix mistakes or change small portions without the need to re-record the correct portions. Small recordings are pieced together to give the final lecture, where the correct synchronization of edits among the lecture is handled by the system, and the lecture appears to have been seamlessly recorded in one session. Full control of the data also allows for the potential of increased interactivity from students.
by Kenny H. Lam.
M. Eng.

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Hog, Matthieu. "Light field editing and rendering". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S064/document.

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En imageant une scène à partir de différents points de vue, un champ de lumière permet de capturer de nombreuses informations sur la géométrie de la scène. Grâce aux récents progrès de ses dispositifs d’acquisition, l’imagerie par champs de lumière est devenue une alternative sérieuse à la capture de contenu 3D et à d’autres problèmes connexes. Le but de cette thèse est double. L'une des principales applications de l'imagerie par champs de lumière est sa capacité à produire de nouvelles vues à partir d'une capture unique. Dans une première partie, nous proposons de nouvelles techniques de rendu d’image dans deux cas qui s’écartent des cas usuels. Nous proposons d’abord un pipeline complet pour les caméras plénoptiques focalisées, traitant la calibration, l’estimation de profondeur et le rendu de l’image. Nous passons ensuite au problème de la synthèse des vues, nous cherchons à générer des vues intermédiaires à partir d’un ensemble de 4 vues seulement. La retouche d'image est une étape commune de la production de média. Pour les images et les vidéos 2D, de nombreux outils commerciaux existent. Cependant, le problème est plutôt inexploré pour les champs de lumière. Dans une seconde partie, nous proposons des techniques d’édition de champs de lumière à la fois nouvelles et efficaces. Nous proposons tout d’abord une nouvelle méthode de segmentation niveau pixel basée sur des graphes, qui à partir d’un ensemble limité d’entrées utilisateur, segmente simultanément toutes les vues d’un champ de lumière. Nous proposons ensuite une approche de segmentation automatique des champs de lumière qui utilise la puissance de calcul des GPUs. Cette approche diminue encore les besoins en calcul et nous étendons l'approche pour la segmentation de champs de lumières vidéo
By imaging a scene from different viewpoints, a light field allows capturing a lot of information about the scene geometry. Thanks to the recent development of its acquisition devices (plenoptic camera and camera arrays mainly), light field imaging is becoming a serious alternative for 3D content capture and other related problems. The goal of this thesis is twofold. One of the main application for light field imaging is its ability to produce new views from a single capture. In a first part, we propose new image rendering techniques in two cases that deviate from the mainstream light field image rendering. We first propose a full pipeline for focused plenoptic cameras, addressing calibration, depth estimation, and image rendering. We then move to the problem of view synthesis, we seek to generate intermediates views given a set of only 4 corner views of a light field. Image editing is a common step of media production. For 2D images and videos, a lot of commercial tools exist. However, the problem is rather unexplored for light fields. In a second part, we propose new and efficient light field editing techniques. We first propose a new graph-based pixel-wise segmentation method that, from a sparse set of user input, segments simultaneously all the views of a light field. Then we propose an automatic light field over-segmenting approach that makes use of GPUs computational power. This approach further decreases the computational requirement for light field segmentation and we extend the approach for light field video segmentation

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Aryan, Azadeh. "Gene editing in Aedes aegypti". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23888.

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Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) is one of the most important vectors of dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever viruses. The use of chemical control strategies such as insecticides is associated with problems including the development of insecticide resistance, side effects on animal and human health, and environmental concerns. Because current methods have not proven sufficient to control these diseases, developing novel, genetics-based, control strategies to limit the transmission of disease is urgently needed. Increased knowledge about mosquito-pathogen relationships and the molecular biology of mosquitoes now makes it possible to generate transgenic mosquito strains that are unable to transmit various parasites or viruses. Ae. aegypti genetic experiments are enabled, and limited by, the catalog of promoter elements available to drive transgene expression. To find a promoter able to drive robust expression of firefly (FF) luciferase in Ae. aegypti embryos, an experiment was designed to compare Ae. aegypti endogenous and exogenous promoters. The PUb promoter was found to be extremely robust in expression of FF luciferase in different stages of embryonic development from 2-72 hours after injection. In subsequent experiments, transformation frequency was calculated using four different promoters (IE1, UbL40, hsp82 and PUb) to express the Mos1 transposase open reading frame in Mos1-mediated transgenesis. Germline transformation efficiency and size of transgenic cluster were not significantly different when using endogenous Ae. aegypti PUb or the commonly used exogenous Drosophila hsp82 promoter to express Mos1 transposase. This study also describes the development of new tools for gene editing in the Ae. aegypti mosquito genome and the use of these tools to design an efficient gene drive system in this mosquito. Homing endonucleases (HEs) are selfish elements which catalyze double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) breaks in a sequence-specific manner. The activities of four HEs (Y2-I-AniI, I-CreI, I-PpoI, and I-SceI) were investigated for their ability to catalyze the excision of genomic segments from the Ae. aegypti genome. All four enzymes were found to be active in Ae. aegypti; however, the activity of Y2-I-AniI was higher compared to the other three enzymes. Single-strand annealing (SSA) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways were identified as mechanisms to repair HE-induced dsDNA breaks. TALE nucleases (TALENs) are a group of artificial enzymes capable of generating site-specific DNA lesions. To examine the ability of TALENs for gene editing in Ae. aegypti, a pair of TALENs targeted to the kmo gene were expressed from a plasmid following embryonic injection. Twenty to forty percent of fertile G0 produced white-eyed progeny which resulted from disruption of the kmo gene. Most of these individuals produced more than 20% white-eyed progeny, with some producing up to 75%. A small deletion of one to seven bp occurred at the TALEN recognition site. These results show that TALEN and HEs are highly active in the Ae. aegypti germline and can be used for gene editing and gene drive strategies in Ae. aegypti.
Ph. D.

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BABI, MAMDOUH O. "Byzantine Fault Tolerant Collaborative Editing". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1495203726396979.

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Blazevic, Sasha, i Carl Johan Kesten. "Editing within The Thriller Genre". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för teknik och estetik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21915.

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Thriller är en favoritgenre för många och har funnits längre än de flesta tror. Ursprungligen som en litteraturgenre har den utvecklats till en av de mest eftertraktade genrerna inom film. Tidiga anmärkningsvärda verk som Alfred Hitchcocks filmer i mitten av 1900-talet har banat vägen för genren och utformat dess redigering och cinematografi till vad vi har idag. Trots sin ödmjuka början i mitten av 1900-talet lyckas teknikerna, även om dem är aningen repetitiva, fortfarande vara relevanta idag och har bara utvecklats med åren. I den här artikeln studerar vi grunderna inom thrillergenren, redigerings- och filmtekniker som används; kameraarbete, klippning, PoV och färgsättning. I denna studie är vårt huvudsakliga fokus att förstå varför dessa tekniker används. Utöver kommer vi också gå djupare in i thrillergenren i helhet och trots genrens repetitivitet, försöka förstå oss på varför den lyckas vara relevant idag och hur redigering och cinematografi spelar en stor roll för att förstärka känslorna i thrillers där dessa tendenser härrör från.
Thriller is a favourite genre to many and has been around for longer than most think. Originally starting as a genre of literature, it has evolved into one of the most sought after genres within film. Early notable works such as Alfred Hitchcock's films in the mid 1900s have paved the way for the genre and solidified it’s editing and cinematography into what we have today. Despite its humbling beginnings in the mid 1900s the techniques, although somewhat repetitive, still manage to stay relevant today and have only gotten more advanced with time. In this article, we study the fundamentals within the thriller genre, the editing and cinematography techniques that are utilized; camera framing, cutting, PoV and color. In this study our main focus we intend to work towards is understanding why these techniques are used and the tendencies in which they are facilitated. Although we also intend to go in depth into the thriller genre as a whole and despite the repetitiveness of the genre, why it manages to stay relevant today and how editing and cinematography plays a big part in amplifying the emotions and feelings associated within thrillers in which these tendencies stem from.

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Mendes, Alexandra Sofia Ferreira. "Structured editing of handwritten mathematics". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/41239/.

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Teaching effectively requires a clear presentation of the material being taught and interaction with the students. Studies have shown that Tablet PCs provide a good technological support for teaching. The aim of the work presented in this thesis is to design a structure editor of handwritten mathematics that explores the facilities provided by Tablet PCs. The editor is made available in the form of a class library that can be used to extend existing tools. The central feature of the library is the definition of structure for handwritten mathematical expressions which allows syntactic manipulation of expressions. This makes it possible to accurately select, copy and apply algebraic rules, while avoiding the introduction of errors. To facilitate structured manipulation, gestures are used to apply manipulation rules and animations that demonstrate the use of these rules are introduced. Also, some experimental features that can improve the user’s experience and the usability of the library are presented. Furthermore, it is described how to integrate the library into existing tools. In particular, Classroom Presenter, a system developed to create interactive presentations using a Tablet PC, is extended and used to demonstrate how the library’s features can be used in some teaching scenarios. Although there are limitations in the current system, tests performed with teachers and students indicate that it can help to improve the experience of teaching and learning mathematics, particularly calculational mathematics.

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Chew, Wei Leong. "Postnatal Genome Editing With CRISPR". Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493352.

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Targeted genome editing holds tremendous promise for permanent correction of many genetic diseases. The recently developed CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing tool exhibits facile programmability and robust gene-editing efficiency, and has been applied in cell cultures and animal tissues. However, multi-organ gene-editing in live mammals has not been examined or achieved. This study demonstrates genetic modification in multiple organs of postnatal mice by systemic delivery of CRISPR with adeno-associated viruses (AAVs). I resolved the AAV payload limitation by splitting Cas9 and reconstituting the native protein in vivo using scarless split-intein protein trans-splicing, which preserves full activity of Cas9. I determined that the delivery efficiency of AAV-CRISPR dictates gene-targeting rates in vivo, with the preferential gene-editing in liver and heart, and more modest editing efficiencies in skeletal muscle, brain and gonads, directly reflecting the infection profile of the virus serotype. To track CRISPR biodistribution, I established two reporter systems that apply in situ fluorescence activation to demarcate CRISPR-targeting events at single-cell resolution, identifying rare gene-edited cells that normally evade detection by sequencing. This exquisite detection sensitivity further allows evaluation of inter-generational transmission of gene-editing viruses. Finally, although Cas9 elicits host immune responses, these can be ameliorated by immunosuppression. I also identified a public Cas9-responsive T-cell clonotype and mapped the B-cell epitopes on Cas9 and AAV. Engineering tolerance to immunodominant epitopes may provide an avenue for avoiding immune rejection of AAV-CRISPR. The ability to create programmable genetic modifications in multiple organs of postnatal mammals provides a powerful tool for biological research, and foretells that the genomes of whole mammals may be rewritten at will.
Medical Sciences

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30

Nguyen, Duong B. T. Carleton University Dissertation Computer Science. "The visual object editing kit". Ottawa, 1993.

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Shapiro, Ari Yochanan. "Motion editing for animated characters". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459918331&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Stefan, Julia. "Dividation – Generative Music Video Editing". Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366957.

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The proliferation of online media has sparked the development of non-linear video forms, which allow for the variation of moving image sequences according to user input or other variables. In order to explore both the technological and artistic possibilities of non-linear video, this thesis introduces the idea of generative editing for music videos, building on previous developments in generative art and metacreation. As a first step, a conceptual framework was defined comprising investigations into artistic movements in non-linear video, media studies on generative and interactive art, and an analysis of music video. These concepts served to support the subsequent development of algorithmic approaches to music video editing and their implementation and testing in Dividation, a prototype software system utilised to explore generative music video editing methods using the author’s original artwork. While most non-linear videos tend to emphasise user interactivity, the development of Dividation aimed to derive generative methods capable of creating a different sequence every time the video is viewed, without the need for user input. For this purpose, the role of automation and randomness as means to generate variability in a renewed creative process was closely examined. In addition, the possibility of formulating editing dynamics was analysed, and the potential of this creative practice was explored. Music video analyses conducted as part of this study have shown that generative editing methods need to be part of an open system allowing editors to be involved in the specification of individual progressive requirements for any given music video. While the possibility of videographic notation or any other future systematic description of editing practice has been considered, the results have also shown that editing practice is currently most successful when relying on substantial human input because music videos depend on a large number of parameters describing both musical and visual features and their changing interplay in these sequences. With these ideas in mind, the development of the generative editing methods for Dividation was based on a bottom-up approach, with the author’s editing practice and experience guiding the process.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text

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33

Couairon, Guillaume. "Text-Based Semantic Image Editing". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS248.

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L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer des algorithmes pour la tâche d’édition d’images basée sur le texte (TIE), qui consiste à éditer des images numériques selon une instruction formulée en langage naturel. Par exemple, étant donné une image d’un chien et la requête "Changez le chien en un chat", nous voulons produire une nouvelle image où le chien a été remplacé par un chat, en gardant tous les autres aspects de l’image inchangés (couleur et pose de l’animal, arrière- plan). L’objectif de l’étoile du nord est de permettre à tout un chacun de modifier ses images en utilisant uniquement des requêtes en langage naturel. Une des spécificités de l’édition d’images basée sur du texte est qu’il n’y a pratiquement pas de données d’entraînement pour former un algorithme supervisé. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons différentes solutions pour l’édition d’images, basées sur l’adaptation de grands modèles multimodaux entraînés sur d’énormes ensembles de données. Nous étudions tout d’abord une configuration d’édition simplifiée, appelée édition d’image basée sur la recherche, qui ne nécessite pas de modifier directement l’image d’entrée. Au lieu de cela, étant donné l’image et la requête de modification, nous recherchons dans une grande base de données une image qui correspond à la modification demandée. Nous nous appuyons sur des modèles multimodaux d’alignement image/texte entraînés sur des ensembles de données à l’échelle du web (comme CLIP) pour effectuer de telles transformations sans aucun exemple. Nous proposons également le cadre SIMAT pour évaluer l’édition d’images basée sur la recherche. Nous étudions ensuite comment modifier directement l’image d’entrée. Nous proposons FlexIT, une méthode qui modifie itérativement l’image d’entrée jus- qu’à ce qu’elle satisfasse un "objectif d’édition" abstrait défini dans un espace d’intégration multimodal. Nous introduisons des termes de régularisation pour imposer des transformations réalistes. Ensuite, nous nous concentrons sur les modèles de diffusion, qui sont des modèles génératifs puissants capables de synthétiser de nouvelles images conditionnées par une grande variété d’invites textuelles. Nous démontrons leur polyvalence en proposant DiffEdit, un algorithme qui adapte les modèles de diffusion pour l’édition d’images sans réglage fin. Nous proposons une stratégie "zero-shot" pour trouver automatiquement où l’image initiale doit être modifiée pour satisfaire la requête de transformation de texte
The aim of this thesis is to propose algorithms for the task of Text-based Image Editing (TIE), which consists in editing digital images according to an instruction formulated in natural language. For instance, given an image of a dog, and the query "Change the dog into a cat", we want to produce a novel image where the dog has been replaced by a cat, keeping all other image aspects unchanged (animal color and pose, background). The north-star goal is to enable anyone to edit their images using only queries in natural language. One specificity of text-based image editing is that there is practically no training data to train a supervised algorithm. In this thesis, we propose different solutions for editing images, based on the adaptation of large multimodal models trained on huge datasets. We first study a simplified editing setup, named Retrieval-based image edit- ing, which does not require to directly modify the input image. Instead, given the image and modification query, we search in a large database an image that corresponds to the requested edit. We leverage multimodal image/text alignment models trained on web-scale datasets (like CLIP) to perform such transformations without any examples. We also propose the SIMAT framework for evaluating retrieval-based image editing. We then study how to directly modify the input image. We propose FlexIT, a method which iteratively changes the input image until it satisfies an abstract "editing objective" defined in a multimodal embedding space. We introduce a variety of regularization terms to enforce realistic transformations. Next, we focus on diffusion models, which are powerful generative models able to synthetize novel images conditioned on a wide variety of textual prompts. We demonstrate their versatility by proposing DiffEdit, an algorithm which adapts diffusion models for image editing without finetuning. We propose a zero-shot strategy for finding automatically where the initial image should be changed to satisfy the text transformation query. Finally, we study a specific challenge useful in the context of image editing: how to synthetize a novel image by giving as constraint a spatial layout of objects with textual descriptions, a task which is known as Semantic Image Synthesis. We adopt the same strategy, consisting in adapting diffusion models to solve the task without any example. We propose the ZestGuide algorithm, which leverages the spatio-semantic information encoded in the attention layers of diffusion models

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34

Yao, Xu. "Latent representations for facial images and video editing". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAT019.

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Apprendre à éditer des images et des vidéos de visages est un domaine particulièrement actif dans la recherche académique et industrielle. Cette thèse aborde le problème de l'édition de visages dans le cas particulier des images et des vidéos à haute résolution. Dans cette thèse, nous développons des méthodes basées sur l'apprentissage profond pour effectuer l'édition d'images faciales. Plus précisément, nous explorons la tâche en utilisant les représentations latentes obtenues à partir de deux types de réseaux neuronaux profonds : les modèles basés sur l'auto-encodage et les réseaux antagonistes génératifs (GAN). Pour chaque type de méthode, nous considérons un problème spécifique d'édition d'image et proposons une solution efficace qui surpasse l'état de l'art. La thèse comprend deux parties. Dans la partie I, nous explorons les tâches d'édition d'images via l'espace latent des autoencodeurs. Nous considérons d'abord la tâche de transfert de style entre les photos, et proposons un algorithme efficace qui est construit sur une paire de réseaux basés sur des autoencodeurs. Ensuite, nous étudions la tâche d'édition de l'âge du visage pour les images à haute résolution, en utilisant une architecture d'encodeur-décodeur. Le réseau proposé encode une image de visage en représentations de caractéristiques invariantes selon l'âge, et apprend un vecteur de modulation correspondant à un âge cible. Notre approche permet une édition fine de l'âge sur des images à haute résolution dans un seul modèle unifié.Dans la deuxième partie, nous explorons la tâche d'édition via l'espace latent des modèles antagonistes génératifs (GAN). Tout d'abord, nous considérons le problème de l'édition "démêlée" (disentangled) des attributs faciaux sur des images synthétiques et réelles, en proposant un réseau de transformation latent qui agit dans l'espace latent d'un modèle GAN pré-entraîné. Nous avons également proposé un pipeline de manipulation vidéo, afin de généraliser le résultat de l'édition aux vidéos. Deuxièmement, nous étudions le problème de l'inversion du GAN - la projection d'une image réelle dans l'espace latent d'un GAN pré-entraîné. En particulier, nous proposons un encodeur feed-forward, qui encode une image donnée en un code caractéristique et un code latent en une seule passe. L'encodeur proposé s'avère plus précis et plus stable pour l'inversion d'images et de vidéos, tout en conservant de bonnes capacités d'édition
Learning to edit facial images and videos is one of the most popular tasks in both academia and industrial research. This thesis addresses the problem of face editing for the special case of high-resolution images and videos.In this thesis, we develop deep learning-based methods to perform facial image editing. Specifically, we explore the task using the latent representations obtained from two types of deep neural networks: autoencoder-based models and generative adversarial networks. For each type of method, we consider a specific image editing problem and propose an effective solution that outperforms the state-of-the-art.The thesis contains two parts. In part I, we explore image editing tasks via the latent space of autoencoders. We first consider the style transfer task between photos and propose an effective algorithm that is built on a pair of autoencoder-based networks. Second, we study the face age editing task for high-resolution images, using an encoder-decoder architecture. The proposed network encodes a face image to age-invariant feature representations and learns a modulation vector corresponding to a target age. Our approach allows for fine-grained age editing on high-resolution images in a single unified model.In part II, we explore the editing task via the latent space of generative adversarial models (GANs). First, we consider the problem of facial attribute disentangled editing on synthetic and real images, by proposing a latent transformation network that acts in the latent space of a pre-trained GAN model. We also proposed a video manipulation pipeline, to generalize the editing result to videos. Second, we investigate the problem of GAN inversion -- the projection of a real image to the latent space of a pretrained GAN. In particular, we propose a feed-forward encoder, which encodes a given image to a feature code and a latent code in one pass. The proposed encoder is shown to be more accurate and stable for image and video inversion, meanwhile, maintaining good editing capacities

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35

Waschbüsch, Michael. "3D video acquisition, representation & editing". Zürich, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/view/eth:30245.

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Wöhner, Thomas. "Automatic Editing Rights Management in Wikipedia". Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-84131.

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The free online encyclopedia Wikipedia is one of the most successful collaborative web projects. It is based on an open editing model, which allows everyone to edit the articles directly in the web browser. As a result of the open concept undesirable contributions like vandalism cannot be ruled out. These contributions reduce the article quality temporarily, consume system resources and cause effort for correcting. To address these problems, this paper introduces an approach for automatic editing rights management in Wikipedia that assigns editing rights according to the reputation of the author and the quality of the article to be edited. This analysis shows that this approach reduces undesirable contributions significantly while valuable contributions are nearly unaffected.

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37

Woloszczuk, Roman. ""ET" a friendly interactive editing tool". Adelaide, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENS/09ensw866.pdf.

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38

Cardle, Marc Peter. "Automated editing of sound and motion". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616156.

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Ali, Muhammad Akhtar. "Understanding Cancer Mutations by Genome Editing". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Genomik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-235680.

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Mutational analyses of cancer genomes have identified novel candidate cancer genes with hitherto unknown function in cancer. To enable phenotyping of mutations in such genes, we have developed a scalable technology for gene knock-in and knock-out in human somatic cells based on recombination-mediated construct generation and a computational tool to design gene targeting constructs. Using this technology, we have generated somatic cell knock-outs of the putative cancer genes ZBED6 and DIP2C in human colorectal cancer cells. In ZBED6-/- cells complete loss of functional ZBED6 was validated and loss of ZBED6 induced the expression of IGF2. Whole transcriptome and ChIP-seq analyses revealed relative enrichment of ZBED6 binding sites at upregulated genes as compared to downregulated genes. The functional annotation of differentially expressed genes revealed enrichment of genes related to cell cycle and cell proliferation and the transcriptional modulator ZBED6 affected the cell growth and cell cycle of human colorectal cancer cells. In DIP2C-/-cells, transcriptome sequencing revealed 780 differentially expressed genes as compared to their parental cells including the tumour suppressor gene CDKN2A. The DIP2C regulated genes belonged to several cancer related processes such as angiogenesis, cell structure and motility. The DIP2C-/-cells were enlarged and grew slower than their parental cells. To be able to directly compare the phenotypes of mutant KRAS and BRAF in colorectal cancers, we have introduced a KRASG13D allele in RKO BRAFV600E/-/-/ cells. The expression of the mutant KRAS allele was confirmed and anchorage independent growth was restored in KRASG13D cells. The differentially expressed genes both in BRAF and KRAS mutant cells included ERBB, TGFB and histone modification pathways. Together, the isogenic model systems presented here can provide insights to known and novel cancer pathways and can be used for drug discovery.

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40

Hodgson, Julian. "Editing fluid simulations with jet particles". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10047563/.

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Fluid simulation is an important topic in computer graphics in the pursuit of adding realism to films, video games and virtual environments. The results of a fluid simulation are hard to edit in a way that provide a physically plausible solution. Edits need to preserve the incompressibility condition in order to create natural looking water and smoke simulations. In this thesis we present an approach that allows a simple artist-friendly interface for designing and editing complex fluid-like flows that are guaranteed to be incompressible in two and three dimensions. Key to our method is a formulation for the design of flows using jet particles. Jet particles are Lagrangian solutions to a regularised form of Euler’s equations, and their velocity fields are divergence-free which motivates their use in computer graphics. We constrain their dynamics to design divergence-free flows and utilise them effectively in a modern visual effects pipeline. Using just a handful of jet particles we produce visually convincing flows that implicitly satisfy the incompressibility condition. We demonstrate an interactive tool in two dimensions for designing a range of divergence-free deformations. Further we describe methods to couple these flows with existing simulations in order to give the artist creative control beyond the initial outcome. We present examples of local temporal edits to smoke simulations in 2D and 3D. The resulting methods provide promising new ways to design and edit fluid-like deformations and to create general deformations in 3D modelling. We show how to represent existing divergence-free velocity fields using jet particles, and design new vector fields for use in fluid control applications. Finally we provide an efficient implementation for deforming grids, meshes, volumes, level sets, vectors and tensors, given a jet particle flow.

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41

Ivarsson, Jakob. "Real-time collaborative editing using CRDTs". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-249545.

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Real-time collaborative editors such as Google Docs allow users to edit a shared document simultaneously and see each others changes in real-time. This thesis investigates how conflict-free replicated data types (CRDTs) can be used to implement a general purpose data store that supports real-time collaborative editing of semi-structured data. The purpose of the data store is that it can be used by application developers to easily add collaborative behaviour to any application. The performance of the implemented data store is evaluated and the results show that using CRDTs comes with a performance and memory penalty. However, replication over the internet is very efficient and concurrent updates is handled in a predictable way in most cases.
Kollaborativa realtidseditorer som Google Docs låter användare editera ett gemensamt dokument samtidigt och se varandras ändringar i realtid. Den här rapporten undersöker hur konfliktfria replikerade datastrukturer (CRDTs) kan användas för att implementera en generell databas som hanterar kollaborativ realtidseditering. Syftet med databasen är att den kan användas av applikationsutvecklare för att enkelt kunna lägga till kollaborativt beteende till applikationer. Prestandan av den implementerade databasen utvärderas och resultaten visar att användningen av CRDTs resulterar i en ökad minnesanvändning och sämre prestanda. Att replikera databasen är väldigt effektivt och den hanterar konflikter på ett förutsägbart sätt.

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42

Smith, Tim J. "An attentional theory of continuity editing". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1076.

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The intention of most film editing is to create the impression of continuous action (“continuity”) by presenting discontinuous visual information. The techniques used to achieve this, the continuity editing rules, are well established yet there exists no understanding of their cognitive foundations. This thesis attempts to correct this oversight by proposing that “continuity” is actually what perceptual and developmental psychologists refer to as existence constancy (Michotte, 1955): “the experience that objects persist through space and time despite the fact that their presence in the visual field may be discontinuous” (Butterworth, 1991). The main conclusion of this thesis is that continuity editing ensures existence constancy by creating conditions under which a) the visual disruption created by the cut does not capture attention, b) existence constancy is assumed, and c) expectations associated with existence constancy are accommodated after the cut. Continuity editing rules are shown to identify natural periods of attention withdrawal that can be used to hide cuts. A reaction time study shows that one such period, a saccadic eye movement, occurs when an object is occluded by the screen edge. This occlusion has the potential to create existence constancy across the cut. After the cut, the object only has to appear when and where it is expected for it to be perceived as continuing to exist. This spatiotemporal information is stored in a visual index (Pylyshyn, 1989). Changes to the object’s features (stored in an object file; Kahneman, Treisman, & Gibbs, 1992), such as those caused by the cut, will go unnoticed. A duration estimation study shows that these spatiotemporal expectations distort due to the attention withdrawal. Continuity editing rules show evidence of accommodating these distortions to create perceived continuity from discontinuous visual information. The outcome of this thesis is a scientific understanding of filmic continuity. This permits filmmakers greater awareness of the perceptual consequences of their editing decisions. It also informs cognitive scientists of the potential of film as an analogue for real-world perception that exposes the assumptions, limitations, and constraints imposed upon our perception of reality.

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43

Korčák, Ján. "Collaborative Text Editing in a Portal". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236455.

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V tomto texte sa zameriame na populárnu koncepciu kolaboratívnej tvorby dokumentov. Predstavíme si myšlienku využitia tohto mechanizmu v rôznych oblastiach rozhodovania, popíšeme si koncept a princíp fungovania. Následne si predstavíme a rozoberieme portály a portletovú technológiu, ich výhody a využitie. Cieľom práce je implementácia kolaboratívneho editora s využitím knižnice pre prácu so zmenami v dokumentoch s perzistentnou a aplikačnou logikou na platforme JEE a vytvorenie jednoduchého portletu pre túto službu.

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44

Linnstaedt, Sarah Diana. "RNA editing in hepatitis delta virus". Connect to Electronic Thesis (ProQuest) Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2008. http://worldcat.org/oclc/436715950/viewonline.

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Wilson, Gerald Henry. "The Editing of the Hebrew psalter /". Chico : Calif. : Scholars press, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349309686.

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46

Gudumac, Iulian. "Metadata editing: un'implementazione per Open Office". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3131/.

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The purpose of this thesis is to enhance the functionalities of GAFFE, a flexible, interactive and user-friendly application for editing metadata in office documents by supporting different ontologies stored inside and outside of the digital document, by adding new views and forms and by improving its ease of use.

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47

Grissino-Mayer, Henri D. "Canons for Writing and Editing Manuscripts". Tree-Ring Society, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/262545.

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Writing is much like any other activity-the more you read and write, the more proficient you become as a scientist. Here, I provide canons for writing and editing scientific papers that should help novice writers avoid common hazards that could render a manuscript unpublishable. Abstracts should be well-written and concise and contain all the major results and conclusions. The manuscript should be well organized. Sentences in all paragraphs should stick to the central theme of the paragraph. Writers should provide Latin names for species analyzed, and should use SI units in all cases. The use of bulleted lists, active voice, and commas after introductory phrases will improve the clarity of the manuscript. Tables and figures should be clear, well-organized, stand-alone accessories to the text, and usually convey data and results that are numerous or complex. Writers should avoid both plagiarism and self-plagiarism, and should have their manuscript proofread before submitting to a journal. Finally, authors should consult primary references (such as Scientific Style and Format, published by the Council of Biology Editors in 1994) to become familiar with troublesome words and phrases.

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48

Chatterjee, Rajen. "Automatic Post-Editing for Machine Translation". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/242495.

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Automatic Post-Editing (APE) aims to correct systematic errors in a machine translated text. This is primarily useful when the machine translation (MT) system is not accessible for improvement, leaving APE as a viable option to improve translation quality as a downstream task - which is the focus of this thesis. This field has received less attention compared to MT due to several reasons, which include: the limited availability of data to perform a sound research, contrasting views reported by different researchers about the effectiveness of APE, and limited attention from the industry to use APE in current production pipelines. In this thesis, we perform a thorough investigation of APE as a down- stream task in order to: i) understand its potential to improve translation quality; ii) advance the core technology - starting from classical methods to recent deep-learning based solutions; iii) cope with limited and sparse data; iv) better leverage multiple input sources; v) mitigate the task-specific problem of over-correction; vi) enhance neural decoding to leverage external knowledge; and vii) establish an online learning framework to handle data diversity in real-time. All the above contributions are discussed across several chapters, and most of them are evaluated in the APE shared task organized each year at the Conference on Machine Translation. Our efforts in improving the technology resulted in the best system at the 2017 APE shared task, and our work on online learning received a distinguished paper award at the Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics. Overall, outcomes and findings of our work have boost interest among researchers and attracted industries to examine this technology to solve real-word problems.

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49

Chatterjee, Rajen. "Automatic Post-Editing for Machine Translation". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/242495.

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Automatic Post-Editing (APE) aims to correct systematic errors in a machine translated text. This is primarily useful when the machine translation (MT) system is not accessible for improvement, leaving APE as a viable option to improve translation quality as a downstream task - which is the focus of this thesis. This field has received less attention compared to MT due to several reasons, which include: the limited availability of data to perform a sound research, contrasting views reported by different researchers about the effectiveness of APE, and limited attention from the industry to use APE in current production pipelines. In this thesis, we perform a thorough investigation of APE as a down- stream task in order to: i) understand its potential to improve translation quality; ii) advance the core technology - starting from classical methods to recent deep-learning based solutions; iii) cope with limited and sparse data; iv) better leverage multiple input sources; v) mitigate the task-specific problem of over-correction; vi) enhance neural decoding to leverage external knowledge; and vii) establish an online learning framework to handle data diversity in real-time. All the above contributions are discussed across several chapters, and most of them are evaluated in the APE shared task organized each year at the Conference on Machine Translation. Our efforts in improving the technology resulted in the best system at the 2017 APE shared task, and our work on online learning received a distinguished paper award at the Italian Conference on Computational Linguistics. Overall, outcomes and findings of our work have boost interest among researchers and attracted industries to examine this technology to solve real-word problems.

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50

Grechka, Asya. "Image editing with deep neural networks". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS683.pdf.

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L'édition d'images a une histoire riche remontant à plus de deux siècles. Cependant, l'édition "classique" des images requiert une grande maîtrise artistique et nécessitent un temps considérable, souvent plusieurs heures, pour modifier chaque image. Ces dernières années, d'importants progrès dans la modélisation générative ont permis la synthèse d'images réalistes et de haute qualité. Toutefois, l'édition d'une image réelle est un vrai défi nécessitant de synthétiser de nouvelles caractéristiques tout en préservant fidèlement une partie de l'image d'origine. Dans cette thèse, nous explorons différentes approches pour l'édition d'images en exploitant trois familles de modèles génératifs : les GANs, les auto-encodeurs variationnels et les modèles de diffusion. Tout d'abord, nous étudions l'utilisation d'un GAN pré-entraîné pour éditer une image réelle. Bien que des méthodes d'édition d'images générées par des GANs soient bien connues, elles ne se généralisent pas facilement aux images réelles. Nous analysons les raisons de cette limitation et proposons une solution pour mieux projeter une image réelle dans un GAN afin de la rendre éditable. Ensuite, nous utilisons des autoencodeurs variationnels avec quantification vectorielle pour obtenir directement une représentation compacte de l'image (ce qui faisait défaut avec les GANs) et optimiser le vecteur latent de manière à se rapprocher d'un texte souhaité. Nous cherchons à contraindre ce problème, qui pourrait être vulnérable à des exemples adversariaux. Nous proposons une méthode pour choisir les hyperparamètres en fonction de la fidélité et de l'édition des images modifiées. Nous présentons un protocole d'évaluation robuste et démontrons l'intérêt de notre approche. Enfin, nous abordons l'édition d'images sous l'angle particulier de l'inpainting. Notre objectif est de synthétiser une partie de l'image tout en préservant le reste intact. Pour cela, nous exploitons des modèles de diffusion pré-entraînés et nous appuyons sur la méthode classique d'inpainting en remplaçant, à chaque étape du processus de débruitage, la partie que nous ne souhaitons pas modifier par l'image réelle bruitée. Cependant, cette méthode peut entraîner une désynchronisation entre la partie générée et la partie réelle. Nous proposons une approche basée sur le calcul du gradient d'une fonction qui évalue l'harmonisation entre les deux parties. Nous guidons ainsi le processus de débruitage en utilisant ce gradient
Image editing has a rich history which dates back two centuries. That said, "classic" image editing requires strong artistic skills as well as considerable time, often in the scale of hours, to modify an image. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in generative modeling which has allowed realistic and high-quality image synthesis. However, real image editing is still a challenge which requires a balance between novel generation all while faithfully preserving parts of the original image. In this thesis, we will explore different approaches to edit images, leveraging three families of generative networks: GANs, VAEs and diffusion models. First, we study how to use a GAN to edit a real image. While methods exist to modify generated images, they do not generalize easily to real images. We analyze the reasons for this and propose a solution to better project a real image into the GAN's latent space so as to make it editable. Then, we use variational autoencoders with vector quantification to directly obtain a compact image representation (which we could not obtain with GANs) and optimize the latent vector so as to match a desired text input. We aim to constrain this problem, which on the face could be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. We propose a method to chose the hyperparameters while optimizing simultaneously the image quality and the fidelity to the original image. We present a robust evaluation protocol and show the interest of our method. Finally, we abord the problem of image editing from the view of inpainting. Our goal is to synthesize a part of an image while preserving the rest unmodified. For this, we leverage pre-trained diffusion models and build off on their classic inpainting method while replacing, at each denoising step, the part which we do not wish to modify with the noisy real image. However, this method leads to a disharmonization between the real and generated parts. We propose an approach based on calculating a gradient of a loss which evaluates the harmonization of the two parts. We guide the denoising process with this gradient

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