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Prendergast-Miller, Miranda T. "The role of ectomycorrhizal fungi in denitrification". Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=56282.
Pełny tekst źródłaTajuddin, Rosnida Binti. "Nutrient transport in ectomycorrhiza". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=210785.
Pełny tekst źródłaDas, Arpita [Verfasser], Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Nehls, Uwe [Gutachter] Nehls i Barbara [Gutachter] Reinhold-Hurek. "Ectomycorrhiza Development : Investigation of Selected Ectomycorrhiza Induced Poplar Genes / Arpita Das ; Gutachter: Uwe Nehls, Barbara Reinhold-Hurek ; Betreuer: Uwe Nehls". Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1169299121/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaPoole, Elizabeth Jennifer. "Evaluation and localization of helper bacteria in ectomycorrhiza formation". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322938.
Pełny tekst źródłaTarkka, Mika. "Developmentally regulated proteins in Pinus sylvestris roots and ectomycorrhiza". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2001. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/bioti/vk/tarkka/.
Pełny tekst źródłaMiller, Bradley W. "Long-term Effects of Fertilization on Phosphorus Biogeochemical Pools in Forest Soils". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37386.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Hitchin, Susan. "The involvement of fungal auxin in Pinus pinaster/ Hebeloma cylindrosporum ectomycorrhiza formation". Thesis, Coventry University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365251.
Pełny tekst źródłaDonges, Kathrin. "Influence of ectomycorrhiza (ECM) on the stability of forest ecosystems following windthrow events". Tönning Lübeck Marburg Der Andere Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/992806712/04.
Pełny tekst źródłaMishra-Knyrim, Manika. "Influence of ectomycorrhiza Paxillus involutus (Batsch. Ex. Fr.) inoculation and fungicide treatment on Populus sp. /". Göttingen : Optimus Mostafa, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997605294/04.
Pełny tekst źródłaMATSUDA, Yosuke, i 陽介 松田. "Seasonal occurrence and spatial distribution of fruitbodies of ectomycorrhizal fungi on the border of a man-made and a naturally regenerated forest". 名古屋大学農学部付属演習林, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8705.
Pełny tekst źródłaDellai, Alex. "Pisolithus microcarpus e óleo essencial em três espécies nativas em solo contaminado com cobre". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4926.
Pełny tekst źródłaMining areas and constantly receiving addition of industrial waste are subject to increased levels of copper in the soil. Copper when in high amounts in the soil can adversely affect vegetation preventing the cultivation of contaminated areas. The aim of this study was to allow the formation of ectomycorrhiza and assess their influence on the development of native tree in soil contaminated with copper. Accordingly, an experiment was established to evaluate the behavior of mimosa, grapia and bracatinga seedlings in copper contaminated soil. Following, another experiment was conducted to evaluate in vitro the influence of eucalyptus essential oil in the establishment of ectomycorrhizal association in bracatinga and grapia seedlings. We evaluated also the influence of eucalyptus essential oil and Pisolithus microcarpus inoculation on growth of bracatinga seedlings in soil contaminated with copper. The results indicate that grápia was less affected by increasing doses of copper applied to the soil and angico that showed lower translocation to leaf area. The bracatinga ectomycorrhizal association formed without the addition of essential oil, however, the presence of oil increased the percentage of ectomycorrhizal colonization, grápia required stimulus eucalyptus essential oil to form ectomycorrhizal association. No effect of inoculating Pisolithus microcarpus was observed in seedling growth bracatinga in soil contaminated with copper, however, we observed a higher altitude at a dose of 180 mg kg - 1 with the application of 40 l L- 1 essential oil eucalyptus . Copper doses from 180 mg kg - 1 inhibit the formation of ectomycorrhiza on seedlings bracatinga .
Áreas de mineração e as que recebem constantemente adição de resíduos industriais estão sujeitas ao aumento dos teores de cobre no solo. O cobre quando em quantidades elevadas no solo pode interferir negativamente na produção vegetal. O objetivo desse trabalho foi possibilitar a formação de ectomicorriza e avaliar a sua influência no desenvolvimento de arbóreas nativas em solo contaminado com cobre. Nesse sentido, foi estabelecido um experimento para avaliar o comportamento de mudas de angico, bracatinga e grápia em solo contaminado por cobre. Na sequência foi conduzido outro experimento IN VITRO avaliando a influência de óleo essencial de eucalipto no estabelecimento de associação ectomicorrízica em mudas de bracatinga e grápia. E avaliou-se a influência do óleo essencial de eucalipto e da inoculação de Pisolithus microcarpus no crescimento de mudas de bracatinga em solo contaminado com cobre. Os resultados indicam que a grápia foi menos influenciada pelas doses crescentes de cobre aplicadas ao solo e o angico foi a espécie que teve menor translocação de cobre para a parte aérea. A bracatinga apresentou manto fúngico ao redor das raízes sem a adição de óleo essencial, no entanto, na presença do óleo, aumentou o percentual de pelos colonizados. A grápia necessitou de estímulo do óleo essencial de eucalipto para formar associação ectomicorrízica. Não foi observado efeito da inoculação de Pisolithus microcarpus no crescimento das mudas de bracatinga em solo contaminado com cobre, no entanto, observou-se maior altura na dose de 180 mg kg-1 com a aplicação de 40 μL L-1 de óleo essencial de eucalipto. Doses de cobre a partir de 180 mg kg-1 inibem a formação de ectomicorriza nas mudas de bracatinga.
Gomes, ?ngela La?s Fernandes. "Sele??o de fungos ectomicorr?zicos em viveiro comercial de mudas de eucalipto". UFVJM, 2016. http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1484.
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Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
Os benef?cios das associa??es ectomicorr?zicas s?o dependentes da planta hospedeira, do isolado f?ngico e do ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar isolados de Pisolithus sp. que colonizem mudas clonais de eucalipto propagados por miniestaquia e que promovam maior sobreviv?ncia, crescimento e nutri??o das mudas em viveiro comercial. Os clones PT3335 e PT3336 foram inoculados com 18 isolados de Pisolithus sp. e crescidos em substrato com aduba??o fosfatada reduzida, mais os controles n?o inoculados com (Controle) e sem (Comercial) redu??o da aduba??o fosfatada de substrato. A inocula??o dos fungos ectomicorr?zicos aumentou a sobreviv?ncia, enraizamento, coloniza??o, crescimento e teores de Fe em rela??o aos controles, por?m estes efeitos foram dependentes de isolados e clones. Para o PT3335, alguns isolados dobraram a sobreviv?ncia das mini-estacas em rela??o ao Controle e ao Comercial, sendo os melhores o D29, D62, D63, D118 e D216. Para o PT3336 os melhores isolados foram D5, D29 e D88, com aumento da sobreviv?ncia de at? 25 %. Os maiores aumentos de altura foram observados nas mudas do clone PT3335 inoculadas com D15, D16, D95, D184, D198, D206 e D216, sendo de 27 % a 32 % em rela??o ?s mudas do Comercial. Os isolados D63 e D216 aumentaram a massa seca (MS) da parte a?rea dos dois clones em rela??o ao Comercial, sendo os maiores aumentos de 140 % nas mudas inoculadas com o D216 e de 87,5 % naquelas inoculadas com o D63. As mudas do PT3336 inoculadas com o D216 apresentaram maiores MS total (31,6 %) e teores de clorofila (39,9 %) em rela??o ?s mudas do Comercial. Os isolados que mais colonizaram as ra?zes foram D5 (19,5 %), D10 (11,7 %), D216 (10,5 %) e D63 (8,8 %) para o PT3335 e D118 (15,6 %), D206 (11,7 %), D216 (11,1 %) e D63 (10,0 %) para o PT3336. Os teores de Fe nas mudas do PT3336 inoculadas com D5, D10, D58, D85, D106, D118, D170, D184 e D216 foram de 21 a 79,3 % maiores do que os das mudas do Comercial e de 38,6 % a 110 % maior que os das do Controle. A coloniza??o se correlacionou positivamente com a MS da parte a?rea, das ra?zes e total para o PT3335 e com a sobreviv?ncia e teores de P para o PT3336. A inocula??o com isolados de Pisolithus sp. aumenta a coloniza??o ectomicorr?zica e o crescimento de mudas eucalipto em viveiro comercial, mas isto ? dependente do clone e do isolado. Os isolados D63 e D216 s?o os mais promissores para utiliza??o em programas de inocula??o em viveiro comercial de mudas clonais de eucalipto.
Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016.
The benefits of ectomycorrhizal associations are dependent on the host plant, the fungal isolate and environment. The objective of this work was to select Pisolithus sp. isolates that colonize eucalypt cuttings propagated by minicutting and that promote higher survival, growth and nutrition of cuttings on commercial nursery. The PT3335 and PT3336 clones were inoculated with 18 isolates of Pisolithus sp. and grown in substrate with reduced phosphate fertilization, in addition to non inoculated controls with (Control) and without (Commercial) reduction of the substrate phosphate fertilization. The inoculation of ectomycorrhizal fungi increased the survival, rooting, colonization, growth and Fe contents in relation to controls, but these effects were dependent on isolates and clones. For PT3335, some isolates doubled the survival of minicuttings in relation to Control and Commercial, having D29, D62, D63, D118 and D216 as the best ones. For PT3336 the best isolates were D5, D29 and D88, with survival increased to 25 %. The greatest height increases were observed in the PT3335 cuttings inoculated with D15, D16, D95, D184, D198, D206 and D216, which were from 27 to 32 % in relation to the Commercial cuttings. The D63 and D216 isolates increased the dry mass (DM) of the aerial part of both clones in relation to Commercial, which the largest increases were 140 % times in the cuttings inoculated with D216 and 87.5 % in those inoculated with D63. The PT3336 cuttings inoculated with D216 presented higher total DM (31.6 %) and chlorophyll contents (39.9 %) in relation to the Commercial cuttings. The isolates that most colonized the roots were D5 (19.5 %), D10 (11.7 %), D216 (10.5 %) and D63 (8.8 %) for PT3335 and D118 (15.6 %), D206 (11.7 %), D216 (11.1 %) and D63 (10.0 %) for PT3336. The Fe contents in the PT3336 cuttings inoculated with D5, D10, D58, D85, D106, D118, D170, D184 and D216 were from 21 % to 79.3 % higher than those of Commercial cuttings and from 38.6 % to 110 % higher than those of the Control. The colonization was positively correlated with the DM of the aerial part, of the roots and total for the PT3335 and with the survival and P contents for the PT3336. The inoculation with Pisolithus sp. isolates increases ectomycorrhizal colonization and growth of eucalypt cuttings in commercial nursery, but this is dependent on the clone and isolate. The D63 and D216 isolates are the most promising for usage in inoculation programs in commercial nursery of eucalypt cuttings.
Formann, Steffi G. E. [Verfasser], Erika [Gutachter] Kothe, Georg Gutachter] Büchel i Katarzyna [Gutachter] [Turnau. "Sequestration of heavy metals and radionuclides in ectomycorrhiza / Steffi G. E. Formann ; Gutachter: Erika Kothe, Georg Büchel, Katarzyna Turnau". Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1177604116/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaau, B. Bradshaw@Timbercorp com, i Ben Philip Bradshaw. "Physiological aspects of Corylus avellana associated with the French black truffle fungus Tuber melanosporum and the consequence for commercial production of black truffles in Western Australia". Murdoch University, 2005. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20060327.92530.
Pełny tekst źródłaMinchin, Rhys. "Effect of a Trichoderma bio-inoculant on ectomycorrhizal colonisation of Pinus radiata seedlings". Lincoln University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1751.
Pełny tekst źródłaSantana, Maiele Cintra. "Análise da comunidade de fungos em áreas de monoculturas e consórcio de Eucalyptus grandis e Acacia mangium". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11138/tde-03052018-173930/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe fungi represent about 75% of the microbial biomass in forest areas, performing important functions, from the mineralization of the organic residues to the availability of nutrients to plants through mycorrhizal associations, which influences the nutrient cycling and, consequently, the growth of trees. The objective of this work was to evaluate the community of fungi of the soil, rhizosphere and root system of Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium planted in monocultures and consortium, and to find explanations for the observed patterns through the correlation with physical and chemical soil attributes and soil depth. The samples were collected at the Experimental Station of Forest Sciences of Itatinga in 2016, when the plants were 2 years old. Samples were collected in four treatments: monocultures of E. grandis and A. mangium and consortia of E. grandis and A. mangium, in which trenches were constructed to collect samples in the 0-10, 10-20, 20 -50 and 50-100 cm deep. The physical and biological attributes of the soil and the chemical attributes of soil, rhizosphere and roots were characterized. For the mycorrhizal evaluation, the number of spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the rates of root colonization by AMF and ectomycorrhizal fungi were quantified. The morphology of arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) structures was evaluated. The structure of the soil and rhizosphere fungi community by was evaluated by the technique of Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). For this, the DNA was amplified using primers ITS1f-FAM and ITS4 and restriction of the fragments was performed with the enzyme HaeIII. The abundance of ITS gene copies of soil and rhizosphere was quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR), using primers ITS1f and 5.8s. The physical, chemical and biological attributes had few variations among the evaluated treatments, being the greatest differences found between the depths. The number of spores (<29) and mycorrhizal colonization rates (<48%) were low in all treatments, and reduced with increasing depth. A. mangium plants did not form FMA. In the roots of E. grandis, there was no formation of arbuscules, but we found the presence of hyphal coils, mycorrhizal structures of the Paris type. The anatomy of the ECM confirmed the colonization of these fungi in the roots of the studied plants. The qPCR showed higher abundance of ITS genes in the rhizosphere in relation to the soil, as well as in the superficial layers (0-10 cm) in relation to the deeper ones (10 cm below). The Principal Coordinates Analysis revealed differences in the structure of the fungal communities in the treatments studied, especially for the rhizosphere region, differentiating the fungal profile of the E. grandis monoculture from the other treatments, as well as the influence of A. mangium on the structure of the community. The redundancy analysis showed the influence of some chemical soil attributes on the rates of colonization and community structuring. Thus, it is concluded that in a consortium system, one plant species seems to be more influential than the other in structuring the fungal community, and this influence is more evident in the rhizosphere. In addition, chemical attributes are important factors in the organization of the fungal community.
Perraud, Marie. "Étude du dialogue moléculaire entre les partenaires de la symbiose ectomycorhizienne : implication d'une subtilase sécrétée par le champignon Hebeloma cylindrosporum". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10321.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe establishment of any symbiosis relies on a tightly regulated molecular dialogue between symbiotes. A reverse genetic approach was used to identify fungal genes playing a key role in the molecular dialogue between the partners of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. A non-mycorrhizal mutant of the fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum has a single insertion of mutagenic T-DNA in the promoter of the subtilase HcSbt1. This mutant was unable to colonize Pinus pinaster roots, indicating that HcSbt1 plays a crucial role in the early molecular cross-talk between partners of the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. During symbiotic interaction, HcSbt1 was repressed upon contact with the roots, even before the differentiation of any symbiotic structure. This repression was stable throughout the whole symbiotic process, suggesting that HcSbt1 could inhibit symbiotic structure differentiation. Subsequently, HcSbt1 repression would be a prerequisite for mycorrhiza differentiation. Western Blot analysis together with fungal secretome sequencing showed that HcSbt1 is extracellular. It could inhibit the symbiosis establishment by degrading / activating / inactivating extracellular proteins from plant and/or fungal origin. The comparison of wild-type and mutant secretomes showed that HcSbt1 could degrade small extracellular peptides. Based on this, we hypothesized that this subtilase could inhibit symbiosis establishment by degrading small extracellular peptides that would be effectors
Vespoli, Luciano de Souza. "Presença e características de RNAs mensageiros nos basidiósporos de Pisolithus microcarpus". Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2010. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5326.
Pełny tekst źródłaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The low germination percentages of P. microcarpus basidiospores represents a major drawback for obtaining monokaryotic strains for quantitative genetic studies on the mycorrhizal associations, the use of spores in mutagenesis experiments aiming at the identification of genes important to the symbiosis, and the use of these propagules as inoculants in forest nurseries. The characterization of the mRNA present within the fungal basidiospores may provide information on the level of preparedness of the spores to germinate and sustain initial hyphal growth. The aim of this work was to characterize the mRNA present in the basidiospores of the ectomycorrhizal fungus P. microcarpus after basidiosporogenesis. Total RNA was extracted from the mature basidiospores and mycelium and mRNA was used for cDNA synthesis. An analysis of the presence of 14 gene transcripts involved in lipid metabolism, glycogen mobilization, trehalose mobilization, nitrogen assimilation, glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway and glucan degradation using cDNA from the fungal basidiospores and dikaryotic mycelium was done. qPCR analysis was performed to compare the amount of transcripts of the genes d15fa, ntrh, and ag13 which code respectively, for Δ15 fatty acid desaturase, neutral α-trehalase, and α-1,3-glucosidase in the dikaryotic mycelium and basidiospores. The 14 transcripts studied were present both in the dikaryotic mycelium and in the basidiospores, indicating a preparedness of these propagules to initiate and sustain germination. qPCR analysis indicated a higher amount of transcripts of genes the d15fa, ntrh, and ag13 inside the basidiospores when compared to the dikaryotic mycelium. These results suggest a higher need for enzymes involved in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, trehalose mobilization, and glucan degradation during basidiospore germination. A cDNA library was constructed from basidiospore mRNAs and 288 clones were sequenced. One hundred and nineteen sequences were obtained, resulting in a total of 12 ESTs (expressed sequence tags). The amino acid sequence deduced from the EST corresponding to clone 277 showed significant similarity to a protein involved in respiratory metabolism and may be important during the germination process. Other ESTs showed significant identity to unknown ESTs deposited in the NCBI database. These ESTs may code for proteins that are specific of the basidiospores of P. microcarpus. However, to confirm this hypothesis, other clones must be sequenced to better characterize the cDNA library.
As baixas percentagens de germinação dos basidiósporos do fungo ectomicorrízico Pisolithus microcarpus dificultam a obtenção de estirpes monocarióticas, material para estudos de genética quantitativa da associação micorrízica, inviabilizam a utilização de esporos em experimentos de mutagênese visando à identificação de genes importantes para a simbiose, além de dificultar a utilização desses propágulos como inoculantes em viveiros florestais. A caracterização do mRNA presente no interior desses basidiósporos poderá fornecer informações sobre o nível de preparação que têm para iniciar o processo de germinação e sustentar o crescimento inicial das hifas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de caracterizar os mRNA presentes nos basidiósporos do fungo ectomicorrízico P. microcarpus após a basidiosporogênese. O RNA total foi extraído de basidiósporos maduros e micélio, procedendo posteriormente a obtenção mRNA para a síntese de cDNA. Determinou-se a presença de transcritos de 14 genes envolvidos no metabolismo de lipídeos, na mobilização de glicogênio, na mobilização de trealose, na assimilação de nitrogênio, na via glicolítica, na via das pentoses fosfato e na degradação de glicanas. A análise por qPCR foi realizada visando comparar a quantidade de transcritos dos genes d15fa, ntrh e ag13 que codificam respectivamente as enzimas ácido graxo-Δ15 desaturase, α- trealase neutra e 1,3-α-glicosidase, nos basidiósporos e no micélio dicariótico. Os 14 x transcritos avaliados foram encontrados tanto no micélio dicariótico quanto nos basidiósporos, sugerindo a preparação desses propágulos para iniciar e sustentar o processo de germinação. A análise por qPCR indicou maior quantidade de transcritos dos genes d15fa, ntrh e ag13 no interior dos basidiósporos quando comparado ao micélio dicariótico. Esse resultado sugere a participação de enzimas responsáveis pela síntese de ácidos graxos insaturados, mobilização de trealose e degradação de glicanas durante o processo de germinação. Uma biblioteca de cDNA foi construída a partir dos fragmentos de cDNA dos basidiósporos, sendo caracterizada por meio do sequenciamento de 288 clones. Foram obtidas 119 sequências que, ao serem agrupadas, resultaram em 12 ESTs (expressed sequence tags). A sequência de aminoácidos deduzida da EST referente ao clone 277 apresentou similaridade significativa com proteína envolvida no metabolismo respiratório, podendo ser importante durante o processo de germinação. Outras ESTs apresentaram identidade significativa com ESTs depositadas no banco de dados do NCBI ainda não identificadas. Alternativamente, sugere-se que essas ESTs possam ser codificadoras de proteínas específicas dos basidiósporos de P. microcarpus, importantes para a etapa de germinação desses propágulos.
Perrin, Aurélie. "Rôle des alpha-tubulines fongiques dans la symbiose ectomycorhizienne et dans les interactions champignons plantes". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10019.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn all terrestrial ecosystems, plants live in close interaction with numerous fungi. The interaction has a negative or positive effect on host plant depending upon the pathogenic or symbiotic status of the fungus. The establishment of these interactions is based on a tightly regulated molecular dialog between symbiotic partners. Previous studies on the ectomycorrhizal fungi, Hebeloma cylindrosporum associated with maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), created a collection of mutants affected in their mycorrhizal abilitiy. The aim of my thesis was to characterize one of these mutants affected in a gene, Hctubα2, encoding an alpha tubulin. Tubulins are eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins involved in microtubules formation. Fungi have one or two alpha-tubulin. For example, H.cylindrosporum has two alpha-tubulin. The site of mutagenic DNA insertion in fungal genome was characterized. I studied the expression of both alpha-tubulins during the establishement of mycorrhizal interaction. Results showed that the two genes are differentially expressed during the interaction with host plant. At proteomic level, I studied the impact of the mutation comparing the two strains using 2D gel electrophoresis and sequencing differentially accumulated spots. Pathogenic fungi also bear two alpha-tubulins, as Botrytis cinerea. The hypothesis of the involvement of the alpha-tubulin 2 in pathogenesis was investigated. I created Botrytis cinerea mutants deleted for this gene. I also created translational fusions in order to visualize both alpha-tubulins in Hebeloma cylindrosporum and in Botrytis cinerea
Sulzbacher, Marcelo Aloisio. "Fungos ectomicorrízicos do sul do Brasil, com ênfase no hábito hipógeo". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5523.
Pełny tekst źródłaFungi represent an extremely important group of organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. Among their several important ecological roles, is the mutualistic association with plant roots, forming different types of mycorrhiza. Most studies carried out so far focused on epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungi, which occur above ground. On the other hand, below ground, hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi, are still poorly studied. This research aimed to study the diversity of hypogeous ectomycorrhizal fungi (Basidiomycetes) collected in Eucalyptus spp. plantations in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on morphological and molecular characters. Samples were taken between May 2009 and July 2010. A total of five species belonging to three families were identified. The material was analyzed to determine the morphological and molecular characters. Among the species identified are: Chondrogaster pachysporus Maire, Descomyces albus (Berk.) Bougher & Castellano, Hysterangium affine Massee & Rodway in Massee, Hysterangium inflatum Rodway and Setchelliogaster tenuipes (Setch.) Pouzar. Additionally a second species of Chondrogaster sp. was collected. However, no identity was determined for this species. Furthermore, it is believed it represents a new undescribed species to science. Among the species studied, Descomyces albus is reported for the first time in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Hysterangium affine and H. inflatum are newly recorded species from Brazil while Chondrogaster pachysporus is recorded for the first in South America.
Os fungos representam um grupo de organismos extremamente importante nos ecossistemas terrestres. Entre as muitas funções por eles desempenhadas está a associação mutualística com as raízes dos vegetais, formando diferentes tipos de micorrizas. A maioria dos estudos realizados até o momento está principalmente focada nos fungos ectomicorrízicos epígeos, os quais ocorrem acima do solo. Por outro lado, os fungos ectomicorrízicos hipógeos, que vivem abaixo da superfície do solo, são ainda pouco estudados. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a diversidade de fungos ectomicorrízicos hipógeos (Basidiomycetes) coletados em plantações de Eucalyptus spp. na Região Central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, com base em características morfológicas e moleculares. O período de coleta dos fungos foi de maio de 2009 a julho de 2010. Um total de cinco espécies pertencentes a três famílias foram identificadas. Este material foi analisado para verificar suas características morfológicas e moleculares. Dentre as espécies identificadas estão: Chondrogaster pachysporus Maire, Descomyces albus (Berk.) Bougher & Castellano, Hysterangium affine Massee & Rodway in Massee, Hysterangium inflatum Rodway e Setchelliogaster tenuipes (Setch.) Pouzar. Adicionalmente identificou-se uma segunda espécie de Chondrogaster sp. porém não se chegou a uma espécie conhecida, acreditando tratar-se de uma espécie ainda desconhecida para a ciência. Dentre as espécies estudadas, destacam-se a Descomyces albus que é citada pela primeira vez para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Hysterangium affine e H. inflatum que têm sua ocorrência registrada pela primeira vez no Brasil, além de Chondrogaster packysporus citado pela primeira vez para a América do Sul.
Foltran, Estela Covre. "Dinâmica do fósforo no sistema solo-planta em função da solubilidade de fertilizantes fosfatados, em plantios de Eucalyptus grandis". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11150/tde-25072017-171626/.
Pełny tekst źródłaFertilization promotes 30 to 50% increments in forest productivity, with a special response to P input. The adequate management of phosphate fertilization contributes to cost optimization in the first year. There are several options on the market for supplying P to plants. In general, phosphate sources are distinguished by the concentration, form and solubility of P. The high content of Fe and Al oxyhydroxides in tropical soils reduces the efficiency of this nutrient due to adsorption processes. New phosphate fertilizer technologies are being developed aiming to increase this efficiency of use, which need validation and proof of their effects under real conditions of population growth. An alternative to increase the efficiency of the P is the complexation of this with humics substances (AH- CA-P complex), since they can decrease the adsorption processes and allow the greater use of the nutrient. The use of P fractionation techniques in soil are widely used to identify P reservoirs in the soil and consequently their availability to the plant. The dynamics of P fractions in soil are directly influenced by the plant and soil microbiota through physical and chemical adaptations of the root system and / or internal remobilization of organic acids. Two experiments were carried out: i) long-term characterization of P reservoirs and adaptations developed by plants to increase P uptake; and ii) identification of labile Pi reservoirs and remobilization of organic acids in plant tissues over a year. It was found that the mineral source use of P changes the labile and moderately labile fractions of P in the soil, not influencing the non-labile fraction. The labile and moderately labile organic fractions contribute considerably to plant nutrition, especially when not fertilized with P. The use of the P- metal-SH complex increased the moderately labile organic fraction in the first 12 months with subsequent reduction. We observed the equilibrium between the fractions of P in the soil and after the exhaustion of the labile fractions, the non-labile fractions were reduced. The P-residual decreased for all treatments, especially for the control treatment. The yield of fine roots in the 0- 100 cm layer exceeded 6 Mg ha-1, with no differences between treatments. However, the effect of the localized application of the fertilizer on the density of the root system, which presented higher concentrations in the planting line, was clearly noticed. The specific length of the roots in the superficial deep presented opposite distribution to the activity of the acid phosphatase and ectomycorrhizal colonization for all the treatments, except for the PSC that presented homogenous distribution around the tree. The use of conventional soluble phosphorus stimulated the symbiosis with mycorrhizae, and this contributed to the processes of mineralization of the organic fractions of P in the soil through the exudation of acid phosphatase. Analyzing the dynamics ofthe inorganic fractions in a short period, in the first 120 days post-planting, equilibrium was observed between the fractions of labile Pi in the soil, except for the control treatment that showed constant reductions in all fractions. In periods of water supply, the plants absorbed high amounts of P, accumulating high levels of organic acids in the stem and during periods of water stress, it was observed the remobilization of the AOs from the stem to the leaves, to maintain the metabolic processes.
Betancourth, Blanca Mercedes Leguízamo. "Morfologia da ectomicorriza Scleroderma laeve - Eucalyptus grandis e análise da expressão do gene que codifica a subunidade seis de ATP sintase". Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2011. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4756.
Pełny tekst źródłaScleroderma laeve is a basidiomycete fungus capable of forming ectomycorrhizas with Eucalyptus grandis. Significant increases in lateral root production were observed in E. grandis plants inoculated with S. leave during the presymbiotic phase. This was also observed during the colonization, differentiation, and functioning stages of the symbiosis. On the third day of contact of the fungus with the host, the partial elongation of epidermal cells and mantle formation were observed, and, on the fifteenth day, the beginning of Hartig net formation was evident. On the 30th day, lateral root numbers in the plants in contact with the fungus was higher than in the control plants. The elongation of the epidermal cell and the thickening of the mantle could also be observed. The emerging lateral roots colonized by the fungus did not present root hairs, were completely enveloped by the fungal mantle, and had a fully developed Hartig net between the epidermal cells. The periodical sampling of lateral roots and ectomycorrhizas at different developmental stages in the in vitro system allowed following the morphological development of ectomycorrhizas and the corresponding changes in the expression of the gene coding for ATP synthase subunit VI in S. leave. The partial sequence of the ATP synthase subunit VI gene obtained possesses 503 bp and no intron. This sequences showed an identity to the sequences of the genes that code for e ATP synthase subunit VI in Scleroderma hypogaeum, Pisolithus arhizus, and Gyroporus cyanescens, among others, confirming the close relationship among these organisms. The expression analysis of the ATP synthase subunit VI gene in S. laeve by RT-PCR, at the different developmental stages of the symbiotic association, showed that the gene is expressed in all the phases of mycorrhization.
Scleroderma laeve é um fungo Basidiomiceto capaz de formar ectomicorrizas com Eucalyptus grandis. Foi observado aumento significativo do número de raízes laterais em plântulas de E. grandis em contato com S. laeve durante a fase de préinfecção em relação às plântulas não inoculadas. A inoculação com S. laeve também aumentou o número de raízes laterais em plântulas de E. grandis durante as etapas de colonização, diferenciação e funcionamento em relação às plântulas não inoculadas. No terceiro dia de contato entre o fungo e a planta, foi observado alongamento parcial das células da epiderme e formação do manto fúngico e no 15º dia foi observada a iniciação da formação da rede de Hartig. No trigésimo dia, o número de raízes laterais nas plântulas em contato com o fungo foi quatro vezes maior do que nas plântulas controle. Ocorreu, ainda, alongamento das células da epiderme e engrossamento do manto. As raízes laterais emergentes que formavam as ectomicorrizas não apresentavam pêlos radiculares, estavam totalmente envolvidas pelo manto fúngico e possuíam a rede de Hartig completamente formada entre as células alongadas da epiderme. Utilizando o sistema in vitro foi possível acompanhar, retirando-se raízes laterais e ectomicorrizas em diferentes estádios, as mudanças morfológicas da simbiose e de expressão do gene que codifica a subunidade seis de ATP sintase em S. laeve. A seqüência parcial do gene obtida possui 503 pb, na qual não foi observada a presença de introns. Essa sequência apresentou identidade com as sequências dos genes que codificam a subunidade seis de ATP sintase em S. hypogaeum, Pisolithus arhizus, Gyroporus cyanescens, entre outros, confirmando o parentesco entre esses organismos. A análise da expressão do gene que codifica a subunidade seis de ATP sintase em S. laeve por RT-PCR, nas diferentes etapas da associação, mostrou que esse gene é expresso em todas as etapas da micorrização.
Basso, Veronica. "Les voies de signalisation des phytohormones dans l’établissement de la symbiose ectomycorhizienne entre racines de Populus et Laccaria bicolor : un nouveau regard sur la modulation de la perception de l’acide jasmonique au cours de la colonisation fongique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0242.
Pełny tekst źródłaPromoting nutrient cycling and tree fitness, ectomycorrhizae (ECM) are mutualistic interactions pivotal in forest ecosystems. However not much is known about the signals and molecular mechanisms underpinning their establishment. Using Populus and Laccaria bicolor as a model system, it was shown that the fungal Mycorrhiza-Induced Small Secreted Protein of 7 kDa (MiSSP7) is secreted upon ECM establishment, penetrates the nuclei of cortical root cells of its host and stabilizes the repressor of jasmonic acid (JA) signaling PtJAZ6, dampening plant responses to JA and promoting mutualism. JA signaling is implied in plant defense and development, but it is currently unknown which part of JA-dependent responses in host roots need to be suppressed for ECM formation. Therefore, the thesis aims to answer the following questions: (i) how does the effector protein MiSSP7 impact the structure of the JA perception complex in poplar roots? (ii) do distinct branches of JA signaling play specific roles during ECM establishment? (iii) does the interplay between JA signaling and other hormone signaling pathways influence symbiotic development? Through protein-protein interaction studies, we deciphered the composition of the PtJAZ6-associated protein complex in poplar roots and showed that MiSSP7 modulates the strength of interactions between PtJAZ6 and its associated transcription factors (TFs). Altered expression of the genes coding for such TFs in poplar roots, through genetic engineering, influences ECM maturation, indicating that PtJAZ6-binding TFs regulate the extent of this mutualistic interaction. In addition, by means of hormonomics coupled with physiologic and transcriptomic analysis of hormone-treated poplar roots and L. bicolor mycelium, we demonstrate that a complex rearrangement of phytohormone biosynthesis and perception takes place in host roots during symbiotic development. In particular, we found that fungus-colonized roots are less sensitive to JA. Altogether, our results suggest a dual role of JA signaling in developing ECM, with one branch functioning to regulate fungal apoplastic penetration to an optimal extent, and another being responsible of fungal exclusion under stress conditions. We propose that finely tuned phytohormone signaling, and in particular JA signaling, is crucial for the integration of fungal and plant-derived signals, in order to reprogram root and mycelial physiology for a successful mutualistic interaction
Saravesi, K. (Karita). "Mycorrhizal responses to defoliation of woody hosts". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514288265.
Pełny tekst źródłaWalbert, Katrin. "Ectomycorrhizal communities associated with a Pinus radiata plantation in the North Island, New Zealand". Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/658.
Pełny tekst źródłaJohansson, Veronika A. "Recruitment ecology and fungal interactions in mycoheterotrophic Ericaceae". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-109160.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: In press. Paper 4: Manuscript.
Silvério, Merielle Angélica Martines. "Permeabilização e ultraestrutura da parede celular de basidiósporos de Pisolithus microcarpus". Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2013. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5362.
Pełny tekst źródłaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Basidiospores of the ectomycorrhizal fungus P. microcarpus are characterized by impermeable, hydrophobic cell walls. These features are possibly related to the low germination percentages of these propagules and make it difficult the isolation of monokaryons and the use of these spores as inoculants. Sodium hypochlorite can be used as a permeabilizing agent of the cell wall of fungal spores. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of permeabilization treatments with commercial bleach on the cell wall ultrastructure and hydrophobicity, and on the viability and germination of P. microcarpus basidiospores. For this, fungal basidiospores, from fruiting bodies associated with Eucalyptus spp., were collected and permeabilized using different concentrations of bleach and times of exposure. After permeabilization, the basidiospores were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Surface hydrophobicity, viability, and germination of these propagules were also analyzed. The percentage of permeabilized basidiospores of P. microcarpus was proportional to the increases in bleach concentration and the exposure time. Basidiospores from different fruiting bodies differed significantly in their susceptibility to the permeabilization treatments with bleach and in the decrease of cell surface hydrophobicity after permeabilization. Changes in the ultrastructure of permeabilized basidiospores were observed at bleach concentrations of 15 and 50 %, with an exposure time of 40 s. For one basidiocarp, after permeabilization with bleach at 5 % for 40 s, 80% of the permeabilized basidiospores were viable. The plating of basidiospores permeabilized with 10% bleach for 40 s resulted in the production of colonies of P. microcarpus. The colonies appeared after 15 days of incubation of the permeabilized basidiospores in the presence of the host plant, E. citriodora. The germination percentage obtained, 0,001 %, was similar to those reported for non-permeabilized basidiospores. This work is the first report on the ultrastructure of the cell wall of basidiospores of P. microcarpus and contributes to the understanding of the recalcitrance of these propagules to germination.
Basidiósporos do fungo ectomicorrízico P. microcarpus apresentam parede celular impermeável e hidrofóbica. Essas características estão possivelmente relacionadas às baixas porcentagens de germinação desses propágulos, dificultando a obtenção de monocários e a utilização desses esporos em inoculantes. O hipoclorito de sódio pode ser usado como agente permeabilizador da parede celular de esporos fúngicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do tratamento de permeabilização com água sanitária sobre a ultraestrutura e hidrofobicidade da parede celular, a viabilidade e a capacidade de germinação de basidiósporos de P. microcarpus. Para isso, basidiósporos fúngicos, oriundos de corpos de frutificações associados a plantas de Eucalyptus spp., foram coletados e permeabilizados utilizando-se diferentes concentrações de água sanitária e tempos de exposição ao composto. Após a permeabilização, os basidiósporos foram analisados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e de transmissão. A hidrofobicidade superficial, a viabilidade e a germinação desses propágulos também foram analisadas. A porcentagem de basidiósporos de P. microcarpus permeabilizados foi proporcional ao aumento na concentração de água sanitária e ao tempo de exposição. Basidiósporos oriundos de diferentes basidiocarpos diferiram de forma significativa na susceptibilidade ao tratamento de permeabilização com água sanitária e na redução da hidrofobicidade da superfície celular após esse tratamento. Alterações da ultraestrutura dos basidiósporos permeabilizados foram observadas nas concentrações de 15 e 50 % de água sanitária pelo tempo de exposição de 40 s. Para um dos basidiocarpos avaliados e após a permeabilização com água sanitária a 5 % por 40 s, 80 % dos esporos permeabilizados encontravam-se viáveis. O inóculo dos basidiósporos permeabilizados com água sanitária a 10 % por 40 s resultou na produção de algumas colônias de P. microcarpus. As colônias apareceram após 15 dias de incubação dos basidiósporos permeabilizados na presença da planta hospedeira, Eucalyptus citriodora. A porcentagem de germinação obtida, 0,001%, foi semelhante àquelas relatadas na literatura para basidiósporos não-permeabilizados. Este trabalho é o primeiro relato sobre a ultraestrutura da parede celular dos basidiósporos de P. microcarpus e contribui para a compreensão da recalcitrância desses propágulos à germinação.
Hodge, Angela. "Chitinolytic activity of ectomycorrhizal symbionts". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU068305.
Pełny tekst źródłaHoulès, Anne. "Principe de facilitation appliqué à la restauration écologique de sites miniers dégradés : suivi des communautés ectomycorhiziennes au cours de successions végétales assistée par Acacia spirorbis". Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT158/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaAcacia spirorbis is an endemic species of New Caledonia, capable of forming symbiosis with soil micro-organisms, including ectomycorrhizae and developing on a very wide variety of soils. In order to test the capacities of this species to initiate a process of ecological restoration of ecosystems degraded by mining activities, a nursery trial and three field trials were setted up. These trials highlight the ability of A. spirorbis to play, through facilitation, a nurse plant role for target species of the genus Tristaniopsis in the frame of ecological restoration processes. Thus, we first described the diversity of the ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with A. spirorbis and then we described their ability to associate in the field with Tristaniopsis thanks to the initial presence of A. spirorbis. The capacities of A. spirorbis to facilitate the implantation of other target species by improving their survival, growth and allowing them to access to a diversified range of ectomycorrhizal fungal partners are described. These results led to propose a technical itinerary for ecological restoration of degraded mining maquis, an itinerary based on facilitation between species using A. spirorbis as a nurse plant
Varga, Pastor Herminia de la. "Traceability of the mycorrhizal symbiosis in the controlled production of edible mushrooms = Traçabilitat de la simbiosi micorízica en la producció controlada de fongs comestibles". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129170.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa disponibilitat de la majoria dels fongs micorízics comestibles depèn de la seva fructificació natural. La formació de bolets està relacionada amb les característiques de l'hàbitat i les condicions climàtiques, però aquestes dades no expliquen ni la dinàmica de la fructificació ni del miceli d’aquests fongs. L’establiment de plantacions a partir de plantes micorizades pot ser una alternativa per a l'obtenció de fongs comestibles ectomicorízics. El progrés de les noves tecnologies en la biologia molecular han permès el desenvolupament, implementació i ús de tècniques per a la traçabilitat dels fongs ectomicorízics comestibles. A la tesi s'ha demostrat que la PCR en temps real, amb el disseny d'oligonucleòtids específics per a la detecció i quantificació de miceli extraradical, ens permet determinar la concentració de miceli present al sòl tant a boscos com a plantacions. La micorizació de plantes amb espècies del complex Boletus edulis s'ha aconseguit en condicions de cultiu pur. S’han dissenyat encebadors i sondes específics per l’amplificació de B. edulis i Tuber melanosporum per PCR en temps real. S’ha estudiat la dinàmica estacional del miceli extraradical, les ectomicorizes i la producció de B. edulis i Lactarius deliciosus, a dos boscos de Sòria. També s’ha quantificat el miceli extraradical de Rhizopogon roseolus (a dues plantacions) i de T. melanosporum (a una plantació), des del seu establiment. Per altra banda s’ha quantificat el miceli extraradical de T. melanosporum en una tofonera natural i en set plantacions (d’uns 20 anys). Finalment, s’ha analitzat l'estructura genètica d’una població de T. melanosporum a una plantació productiva, determinat la distribució dels tipus de compatibilitat al sòl, i els genotips de micorizes i ascocarps fent us de marcadors microsatèl•lits. No s'ha trobat relació directa entre les quantitats de miceli del sòl i la producció per cap de les espècies estudiades, però s’ha correlacionat positivament les estructures vegetatives de B. edulis, R. roseolus i T. melanosporum. Els resultats obren la possibilitat d'utilitzar la quantificació de miceli del sòl per PCR en temps real com un bon indicador de la colonització de les arrels en condicions de camp. Les quantitats de miceli extraradical de B. edulis, L. deliciosus i R. roseolus i les micorizes de T. melanosporum s’han correlacionat amb diferents paràmetres climàtics. Finalment, ha estat possible determinar la distribució dels diferents genotips de T. melanosporum a una plantació, on es va trobar una estructura genètica espacial amb un patró de distribució no aleatori, resultant en zones de camp colonitzat per genets que compartien els mateixos tipus de compatibilitat.
Henrion, Bénédicte. "Caractérisation et identification de champignons ectomycorhiziens par amplification enzymatique (PCR) de l'ADN ribosomal : application au suivi du basidiomycète laccaria bicolor en pépinière forestière". Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10329.
Pełny tekst źródłaCastellano, Steven Michael. "Effect of Alliaria petiolata invasion on ectomycorrhizal colonization of Quercus rubra". Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1217280009.
Pełny tekst źródłaRosling, Anna. "Responses of ectomycorrhizal fungi to mineral substrates /". Uppsala : Dept. of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/s296.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWilkinson, Anna. "The significance of genetic diversity for ectomycorrhizal fungal productivity and CO₂ efflux". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600050.
Pełny tekst źródłaWalter, Juline Marta. "Ectomicorriza in vitro entre Hydnangium sp. e Eucalyptus grandis e análises de seqüências de genes de Hydnangium sp". Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/5302.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Hydnangium sp. is a basidiomycetous fungus that is capable of forming ectomycorrhiza with Eucalyptus species. The in vitro mycorrhization system is widely used for mycorrhizal interactions studies, becoming a simple and reproducible system for the symbiosis-regulated genes expression analysis. In this work, the in vitro mycorrhization system for the Hydnangium sp. and Eucalyptus grandis interaction was performed for the colonization, differentiation and functioning phases for the ectomicorriza formation. The colonization phase were verified after five days of inoculation with the Hydnangium sp., the differentiation phase after ten days and the functioning phase after 20 days of inoculation. The extern morphology was analyzed by stereomicroscopy and the section microscopy was performed for the mantle and Hartig net detection. The total RNA extraction was performed for each phase, with the objective of to analyze genes expression. However, the material quantity from roots of 130 seedlings for each phase was insufficient for the transcripts detection through RTPCR. The intron analysis of the partial sequences of the genes that encode ATP sintase (atp) and acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (aat) of Hydnangium sp. enabled two introns identification in partial sequence of atp gene (53 and 65 bp), while in partial sequence of aat gene were identified three introns (52, 52 e 46 bp). All introns analyzed have the canonical sequence 5 GT 3 AG on splicing sites, ranging the adjacent nucleotides. The phylogenetic analysis, using the partial sequences of amino acids of atp and aat genes, enabled the correct group separation, corroborating the Hydnangium sp. classification as belonging the same family of Laccaria bicolor.
Hydnangium sp. é um fungo basidiomiceto capaz de formar ectomicorriza com espécies de Eucalyptus. Os sistemas de micorrização in vitro vêm sendo largamente utilizados para estudar interações micorrízicas, tornando-se um sistema simples e reproduzível para as análises de expressão de genes envolvidos na interação. Neste trabalho, a técnica de micorrização in vitro para a interação do fungo Hydnangium sp. com E. grandis foi realizada para as fases de colonização, diferenciação e funcionamento da ectomicorriza. A fase de colonização foi verificada após cinco dias de inoculação com Hydnangium sp., a fase de diferenciação após 10 dias e a fase de funcionamento após 20 dias de inoculação. A morfologia externa foi analisada por lupa e foram avaliados cortes microscópicos para a detecção do manto e da rede de Hartig. A extração de RNA total foi realizada para cada uma das fases, com o objetivo de analisar a expressão gênica. Entretanto, a quantidade de material proveniente de raízes de 130 plântulas para cada fase, foi insuficiente para a detecção de transcritos por meio de RTPCR. A análise dos íntrons das seqüências parciais dos genes que codificam ATP sintase (atp) e acetil-CoA acetiltransferase (aat) de Hydnangium sp. permitiu a identificação de dois íntrons na seqüência parcial do gene atp (53 e 65 pb), enquanto que na seqüência parcial do gene aat foram identificados três íntrons (52, 52 e 46 pb). Todos os íntrons analisados possuem a seqüência padrão 5 GT 3 AG no sítio de processamento, variando os nucleotídeos adjacentes. A análise filogenética, utilizando as seqüências parciais de aminoácidos deduzidas dos genes atp e aat, permitiu a separação correta dos grupos, corroborando a classificação do fungo Hydnangium sp. como pertencente à mesma família de Laccaria bicolor.
Heller, Gregory. "Transcription analysis of Pinus sylvestris during ectomycorrhizal development /". Uppsala : Dept. of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200821.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaNygren, Cajsa. "Functional diversity in nutrient acquisition by ectomycorrhizal fungi /". Uppsala : Dept. of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200854.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaHusted, Lynn. "Low soil temperature and efficacy of ectomycorrhizal fungi". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30930.
Pełny tekst źródłaForestry, Faculty of
Graduate
Franco, Albina Cristina Ribeiro. "Ectomycorrhizal fungal community composition of Betula colonising Calluna moorland". Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25222.
Pełny tekst źródłaJonsson, Lena. "Community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Swedish boreal forests /". Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1998. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1998/91-576-5609-6.gif.
Pełny tekst źródłaRasanayagam, Maretta Sharima. "Inhibitory effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi on other soil fungi". Thesis, University of Kent, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332661.
Pełny tekst źródłaValentine, Lori Lisa. "The biodiversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with Quercus garryana /". View full-text version online through Southern Oregon Digital Archives, 2002. http://soda.sou.edu/awdata/040226b1.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 37-43). Also available via Internet as PDF file through Southern Oregon Digital Archives: http://soda.sou.edu. Search Bioregion Collection.
McLane, Kevin John. "Symbiosis of Ectomycorrhizae and Trees, an Agent-Based Model". Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1620380794126532.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrudell, Steven A. "Patterns of nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratios in macrofungi, plants, and soils from two old-growth conifer forests, Olympic National Park, Washington, USA /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5572.
Pełny tekst źródłaWei, Jie. "Ectomycorrhizal diversity of Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) in North China". Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-115926.
Pełny tekst źródłaDi, Marino Erika. "The ectomycorrhizal community structure in beech coppices of different age". Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-97717.
Pełny tekst źródłaVishwanathan, Kishore [Verfasser]. "Defense remodelling by ectomycorrhizal fungi in non-hosts / Kishore Vishwanathan". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215338651/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaPhosri, Cherdchai. "Characterization and development of tropical gasteromycete fungi in ectomycorrhizal associations". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402861.
Pełny tekst źródłaShaw, Timothy M. "Modelling competition between ectomycorrhizal fungi for roots of pine seedlings". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303411.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrearley, Francis Q. "The role of ectomycorrhizas in the regeneration of dipterocarp seedlings". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422176.
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