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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Ecosystem Transitions"
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Gsell, Alena Sonia, Ulrike Scharfenberger, Deniz Özkundakci, Annika Walters, Lars-Anders Hansson, Annette B. G. Janssen, Peeter Nõges i in. "Evaluating early-warning indicators of critical transitions in natural aquatic ecosystems". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, nr 50 (22.11.2016): E8089—E8095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1608242113.
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Ecosystems can show sudden and persistent changes in state despite only incremental changes in drivers. Such critical transitions are difficult to predict, because the state of the system often shows little change before the transition. Early-warning indicators (EWIs) are hypothesized to signal the loss of system resilience and have been shown to precede critical transitions in theoretical models, paleo-climate time series, and in laboratory as well as whole lake experiments. The generalizability of EWIs for detecting critical transitions in empirical time series of natural aquatic ecosystems remains largely untested, however. Here we assessed four commonly used EWIs on long-term datasets of five freshwater ecosystems that have experienced sudden, persistent transitions and for which the relevant ecological mechanisms and drivers are well understood. These case studies were categorized by three mechanisms that can generate critical transitions between alternative states: competition, trophic cascade, and intraguild predation. Although EWIs could be detected in most of the case studies, agreement among the four indicators was low. In some cases, EWIs were detected considerably ahead of the transition. Nonetheless, our results show that at present, EWIs do not provide reliable and consistent signals of impending critical transitions despite using some of the best routinely monitored freshwater ecosystems. Our analysis strongly suggests that a priori knowledge of the underlying mechanisms driving ecosystem transitions is necessary to identify relevant state variables for successfully monitoring EWIs.
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Derks, Milou, Frank Berkers i Arnold Tukker. "Toward Accelerating Sustainability Transitions through Collaborative Sustainable Business Modeling: A Conceptual Approach". Sustainability 14, nr 7 (23.03.2022): 3803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14073803.
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Sustainability transitions are purposeful and require deliberate collective action from multiple organizations, leading to the necessity to adopt new business models and redesign value networks. In both business model and sustainability transition research, the explicit activities needed to re-shape value creation and capture systems of organizations are largely unaddressed. We aim to fill this gap by proposing collaborative sustainable business modeling (CSBMing) as a participative multi-actor approach aimed at value network innovation to accelerate sustainability transitions. To do this, we first conceptualize a sustainability transition as a business ecosystem change. We then introduce the value network as the interceding level connecting the individual business to the wider ecosystem, which upon scaling, can change the ecosystem, leading to transition. CSBMing aims to redesign value networks and may thus be used as an actionable approach to accelerate transitions. Second, through the multi-level perspective, we explain how CSBMing can scale, influence other value networks, and change the ecosystem. Third, we recognize that scaling value networks might need more than just implementation of a CSBM and show how elements of CSBMing can complement executing transition management activities. We illustrate the potential role of CSBMing in accelerating transitions through two examples from the Dutch energy transition. In all, we show that CSBMing can be a fruitful approach to innovate and scale value networks, create collective action needed for sustainability transitions, and contribute to transition management activities.
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Zelnik, Yuval R., Ehud Meron i Golan Bel. "Gradual regime shifts in fairy circles". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, nr 40 (11.09.2015): 12327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504289112.
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Large responses of ecosystems to small changes in the conditions—regime shifts—are of great interest and importance. In spatially extended ecosystems, these shifts may be local or global. Using empirical data and mathematical modeling, we investigated the dynamics of the Namibian fairy circle ecosystem as a case study of regime shifts in a pattern-forming ecosystem. Our results provide new support, based on the dynamics of the ecosystem, for the view of fairy circles as a self-organization phenomenon driven by water–vegetation interactions. The study further suggests that fairy circle birth and death processes correspond to spatially confined transitions between alternative stable states. Cascades of such transitions, possible in various pattern-forming systems, result in gradual rather than abrupt regime shifts.
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Batllori, Enric, Miquel De Cáceres, Lluís Brotons, David D. Ackerly, Max A. Moritz i Francisco Lloret. "Compound fire‐drought regimes promote ecosystem transitions in Mediterranean ecosystems". Journal of Ecology 107, nr 3 (19.12.2018): 1187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13115.
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Levine, Naomi M., Ke Zhang, Marcos Longo, Alessandro Baccini, Oliver L. Phillips, Simon L. Lewis, Esteban Alvarez-Dávila i in. "Ecosystem heterogeneity determines the ecological resilience of the Amazon to climate change". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, nr 3 (28.12.2015): 793–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1511344112.
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Amazon forests, which store ∼50% of tropical forest carbon and play a vital role in global water, energy, and carbon cycling, are predicted to experience both longer and more intense dry seasons by the end of the 21st century. However, the climate sensitivity of this ecosystem remains uncertain: several studies have predicted large-scale die-back of the Amazon, whereas several more recent studies predict that the biome will remain largely intact. Combining remote-sensing and ground-based observations with a size- and age-structured terrestrial ecosystem model, we explore the sensitivity and ecological resilience of these forests to changes in climate. We demonstrate that water stress operating at the scale of individual plants, combined with spatial variation in soil texture, explains observed patterns of variation in ecosystem biomass, composition, and dynamics across the region, and strongly influences the ecosystem’s resilience to changes in dry season length. Specifically, our analysis suggests that in contrast to existing predictions of either stability or catastrophic biomass loss, the Amazon forest’s response to a drying regional climate is likely to be an immediate, graded, heterogeneous transition from high-biomass moist forests to transitional dry forests and woody savannah-like states. Fire, logging, and other anthropogenic disturbances may, however, exacerbate these climate change-induced ecosystem transitions.
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Komninos, Nicos. "Transformation of Industry Ecosystems in Cities and Regions: A Generic Pathway for Smart and Green Transition". Sustainability 14, nr 15 (6.08.2022): 9694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159694.
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This research paper focuses on pathways towards a digital and green transition. We assess a generic pathway for the transformation of industry ecosystems in cities and regions based on processes of prioritisation, ecosystem identification, and platform-based digital and green transition. We start with problem definition and hypotheses; review related works on transition pathways, such as digital transition, green transition, system innovation, industry ecosystems, and multi-level perspective of transformation; assess the generic pathway with case studies; and conclude with a discussion of findings, outline of conclusions, and policy implications. Overall, the paper investigates pathways, priorities, and methods allowing public authorities and business organisations to master the current industrial transformation of cities and regions introduced by the twin digital and green transitions as an opportunity for radical change of city ecosystems, innovation leapfrogging, and system innovation.
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Weaver, I. S., i J. G. Dyke. "Early warning signals in complex ecosystems". Earth System Dynamics Discussions 6, nr 2 (27.11.2015): 2507–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esdd-6-2507-2015.
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Abstract. Given the potential for elements of the Earth system to undergo rapid, hard to reverse changes in state, there is a pressing need to establish robust methods to produce early warning signals of such events. Here we present a conceptual ecosystem model in which a diversity of stable states emerge, along with rapid changes, referred to as critical transitions, as a consequence of external driving and non-linear ecological dynamics. We are able to produce robust early warning signals that precede critical transitions. However, we show that there is no correlation between the magnitude of the signal and magnitude or reversibility of any individual critical transition. We discuss these findings in the context of ecosystem management prior to and post critical transitions. We argue that an understanding of the dynamics of the systems is necessary both for management prior and post critical transitions and the effective interpretation of any early warning signal that may be produced for that system.
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Yoon, Changhee, Seungyeon Moon i Heesang Lee. "Symbiotic Relationships in Business Ecosystem: A Systematic Literature Review". Sustainability 14, nr 4 (16.02.2022): 2252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042252.
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The business ecosystem shares many unique features with the biological ecosystem due to its origins. Similar to the biological ecosystem, the business ecosystem also emphasizes symbiotic relationships among symbionts (i.e., participants of a business ecosystem). In this study, we have broadened and deepened our knowledge of symbiosis in a business ecosystem, focusing on how each relationship develops and evolves through the interaction between keystone species and symbionts. We have introduced the typology of symbiotic relationships and highlighted the significant role of keystone species in business ecosystems. We defined three symbiosis types based on the analysis results: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. The findings indicated that each relationship continuously transitions into different symbiotic relationships as the relationship between the participants changes. The results also showed that a keystone species, a leader of a business ecosystem, can contribute to the success of a business ecosystem by strategically managing their relationship with symbionts.
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Larson, Danelle Marie, Wako Bungula, Casey McKean, Alaina Stockdill, Amber Lee, Frederick Forrest Miller i Killian Davis. "Quantifying ecosystem states and state transitions of the Upper Mississippi River System using topological data analysis". PLOS Computational Biology 19, nr 6 (7.06.2023): e1011147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011147.
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Aquatic systems worldwide can exist in multiple ecosystem states (i.e., a recurring collection of biological and chemical attributes), and effectively characterizing multidimensionality will aid protection of desirable states and guide rehabilitation. The Upper Mississippi River System is composed of a large floodplain river system spanning 2200 km and multiple federal, state, tribal and local governmental units. Multiple ecosystem states may occur within the system, and characterization of the variables that define these ecosystem states could guide river rehabilitation. We coupled a long-term (30-year) highly dimensional water quality monitoring dataset with multiple topological data analysis (TDA) techniques to classify ecosystem states, identify state variables, and detect state transitions over 30 years in the river to guide conservation. Across the entire system, TDA identified five ecosystem states. State 1 was characterized by exceptionally clear, clean, and cold-water conditions typical of winter (i.e., a clear-water state); State 2 had the greatest range of environmental conditions and contained most the data (i.e., a status-quo state); and States 3, 4, and 5 had extremely high concentrations of suspended solids (i.e., turbid states, with State 5 as the most turbid). The TDA mapped clear patterns of the ecosystem states across several riverine navigation reaches and seasons that furthered ecological understanding. State variables were identified as suspended solids, chlorophyll a, and total phosphorus, which are also state variables of shallow lakes worldwide. The TDA change detection function showed short-term state transitions based on seasonality and episodic events, and provided evidence of gradual, long-term changes due to water quality improvements over three decades. These results can inform decision making and guide actions for regulatory and restoration agencies by assessing the status and trends of this important river and provide quantitative targets for state variables. The TDA change detection function may serve as a new tool for predicting the vulnerability to undesirable state transitions in this system and other ecosystems with sufficient data. Coupling ecosystem state concepts and TDA tools can be transferred to any ecosystem with large data to help classify states and understand their vulnerability to state transitions.
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Rietkerk, M., V. Brovkin, P. M. van Bodegom, M. Claussen, S. C. Dekker, H. A. Dijkstra, S. V. Goryachkin i in. "Local ecosystem feedbacks and critical transitions in the climate". Biogeosciences Discussions 6, nr 5 (28.10.2009): 10121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-6-10121-2009.
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Abstract. Global and regional climate models, such as those used in IPCC assessments, are the best tools available for climate predictions. Such models typically account for large-scale land-atmosphere feedbacks. However, these models omit local vegetation-environment feedbacks that are crucial for critical transitions in ecosystems. Here, we reveal the hypothesis that, if the balance of feedbacks is positive at all scales, local vegetation-environment feedbacks may trigger a cascade of amplifying effects, propagating from local to large scale, possibly leading to critical transitions in the large-scale climate. We call for linking local ecosystem feedbacks with large-scale land-atmosphere feedbacks in global and regional climate models in order to yield climate predictions that we are more confident about.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Ecosystem Transitions"
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Altman, Elizabeth J. "Platform and Ecosystem Transitions: Strategic and Organizational Implications". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:16881891.
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By most conventional measures of corporate success (revenue, market capitalization, global brand growth, etc.) businesses operating as multi-sided platforms (MSPs) and their associated ecosystems constitute the majority of the fastest growing organizations in the global economy. In the strategy and economics fields there is a burgeoning literature related to MSP-governed businesses and their ecosystems primarily focused on pricing, growth, governance, and competitive considerations. Yet, in organizational studies and innovation there is a dearth of research analyzing characteristics of these businesses and their complementors and the managerial challenges they present. More specifically, an increasing number of mature incumbent organizations in a variety of industries are starting to operate in environments in which they either need to operate as MSP-based businesses, or join ecosystems governed by them to compete successfully and grow. This dissertation consists of two book chapters and one empirical project aligned with one overarching question: As information constraints approach zero and MSP-governed businesses and their complementors become increasingly more prevalent in the global economy, what are the strategic and organizational issues affecting incumbent organizations that choose to become MSPs or compete as complementors to them?
The first chapter, incorporating a forthcoming book chapter (see Altman, Nagle, & Tushman, 2015) is a theoretical study exploring the effects on management research and organizations when the costs of information processing, storage, and communication approach zero and organizations engage with a wide range of communities. As these information constraints are reduced, one effect is that MSP-based businesses and ecosystems thrive and impact large sectors of the economy. Thus, this chapter sets the context for the dissertation as it outlines the environment in which MSP-governed businesses and their complementors operate and introduces theoretical challenges posed by the growth of these networks.
The second chapter, an empirical paper, focuses on challenges encountered by incumbent organizations joining MSP-governed ecosystems as complementors. This project is a multi-year qualitative inductive field-based research study analyzing the transition of a well-known consumer technology product provider as it joins a powerful MSP-based ecosystem. The accessory organization enters an asymmetric power relationship encountering, and responding to, multiple types of dependencies. I identify three types of dependencies faced by the organization: technological, information, and values-based, and three response strategies the organization deploys: compliance, influence, and innovation. I suggest that these dependencies and responses are related to, but distinct from, extant work on power and dependencies. I also classify three phases of complementor maturity through which the organization passes. I induce a grounded theory model identifying relationships between the concepts and discuss theoretical implications.
The final chapter, also a forthcoming book chapter (see Altman & Tripsas, 2015), addresses organizational identity implications of transitions mature organizations undergo as they shift from product to MSP-based business models in which business considerations include network effects and interdependence. This chapter explains that organizational identity may affect, and may be affected by, product-to-platform transitions. It suggests that an organization must question its identity and modify it to be consistent with its re-defined business model.
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Rocha, Juan Carlos. "Regime Shifts in the Anthropocene". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-116894.
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Abrupt and persistent reconfiguration of ecosystem’s structure and function has been observed on a wide variety of ecosystems worldwide. While scientist believe that such phenomena could become more common and severe in the near future, little is known about the patterns of regime shifts’ causes and consequences for human well-being. This thesis aims to assess global patterns of regime shifts in social-ecological systems. A framework for comparing regime shifts has been developed as well as a public forum for discussing knowledge about regime shifts, namely the regime shift database. The most common drivers and expected impacts on ecosystem services have been identified by studying the qualitative topology of causal networks as well as the statistical properties that explain their emergent patters. Given that long time series data for ecosystems monitoring is rather sparse, and experimenting with ecosystems at the scales required to understand their feedback dynamics is rarely an option; we also proposed an indirect computationally based method for monitoring changes in ecosystem services. I hope the results here presented offer useful guidance for managers and policy makers on how to prioritize drivers or impacts of regime shifts: one take home message is that well-understood variables are not necessary the ones where most managerial efforts need to be taken. I also hope the scientific community rigorously criticize our results, but also acknowledge that when doing theoretical or empirical work, our methods tend to ignore the multi-causal nature of regime shifts. By bringing back multi-causality to the scientific debate, I hope our results offer new avenues for hypothesis exploration and theory development on the human endeavour of understanding Nature.Transiciones críticas o cambios de régimen en ecosistemas se definen como reconfiguraciones abruptas de su estructura y función. Estos cambios, en ocasiones inesperados, se han documentado en una gran variedad de ecosistemas en todo el planeta. Algunos científicos proponen que en el futuro cercano dichos fenómenos pueden volverse más frecuentes y severos. Sin embargo, sabemos muy poco sobre las causas y consecuencias potenciales para el bienestar humano. El objetivo de esta tesis es evaluar patrones globales de cambios de régimen en sistemas socio-ecológicos. Un marco conceptual para comparar cambios de régimen y un foro público de discusión sobre el estado del arte en su conocimiento fue desarrollado en la base de datos virtual www.regimeshifts.org. Las causas más comunes y los impactos en servicios ecosistémicos más esperados han sido identificados estudiando las propiedades topológicas de redes causales, así como las propiedades estadísticas que explican sus propiedades emergentes. Dado que experimentar con ecosistemas a la escala adecuada para capturar sus mecanismos causales generalmente no es una opción, y dado que la disponibilidad de datos de largo plazo necesarios para monitorear cambios de régimen son la excepción y no la regla, proponemos un método indirecto computacional para monitorear cambios en servicios ecosistémicos. Espero que los resultados sean de utilidad para actores encargados del diseño de políticas o del manejo de ecosistemas, especialmente espero que ofrezcan una guía sobre cómo priorizar causas y consecuencias de estos cambios de régimen: una lección clave es que las variables que mejor entendemos o las que más monitoreamos no son necesariamente aquellas en las que debemos enfocar las estrategias de manejo. También espero que la comunidad científica critique con rigor nuestros resultados, pero a su vez reconozca que tanto el trabajo empírico y teórico como los métodos que comúnmente se utilizan para estudiar cambios de régimen tienden a ignorar su naturaleza multi-causal. Al enfatizar la diversidad de sus causas, espero que los resultados ofrezcan nuevas posibilidades para la exploración de hipótesis y el desarrollo de teorías para entender mejor la Naturaleza.
Abrupt och ihållande omkonfigurering av ekosystems struktur och funktion har observerats i en mängd olika ekosystem världen över. Forskning visar på att dessa fenomen antas bli vanligare och allvarligare inom vår närmsta framtid. Kunskapen kring dessa s.k. regimskiften är dock bristfällig, framförallt kring dess konsekvenser för mänskligt välbefinnande. Denna avhandling syftar till att bedöma globala mönster av regimskiften. Ett ramverk för att jämföra regimskiften, samt ett offentligt forum, “the regime shifts database”, för att främja diskussion och sprida kunskap om regimskiften, har utvecklats. De mest förekommande drivkrafter och effekter på ekosystemtjänster har identifierats genom att studera kvalitativa topologiska och kausala nätverk, samt de statistiska egenskaperna som förklarar deras framväxande mönster. Då långvariga tidsserier av ekosystemövervakning är få, och då de experiment som krävs för att förstå regimskiftens återkopplingsdynamik sällan är möjliga, föreslås också en indirekt beräkningsmetod för övervakning av förändringar i ekosystemtjänster. Resultaten från denna avhandling ämnar ger värdefull vägledning för beslutsfattare om prioriteringsordningen mellan olika typer av drivkrafter och effekter av regimskiften. En viktig slutsats är att gedigen kunskap om en viss variabel inte nödvändigtvis ger området där insatser bör tillsättas. Vidare, genom att föra tillbaka multi-kausalitet till den vetenskapliga debatten, erbjuder avhandlingen nya vägar för hypotesprövning och teoriutveckling inom vår gemensamma strävan att förstå Naturen.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript. Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript.
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Nordemar, Ingrid. "Human Abuses of Coral Reefs- Adaptive Responses and Regime Transitions". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Institutionen för systemekologi, Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-250.
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Meyer, Daniel. "TRANSITIONS AND RESILIENCE IN THE FROZEN COMMONS : LINKING AQUACULTURE, KRILL FISHERY, GOVERNANCE AND ECOSYSTEM CHANGE IN THE SCOTIA SEA, SOUTHERN OCEAN". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-64512.
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The Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a forage fish species that is increasing inimportance for Southern Ocean fisheries and world aquaculture production. However, thisspecies also has a fundamental role in the Scotia Sea food-web and is the main conservationtarget for the region’s natural resource management organization - the Commission for theConservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). The aim of this thesis istherefore to examine the inter-relationship between CCAMLR, krill fishery and the Scotia Seaecosystem in the Southern Ocean, as well as broader socio-economical and ecological settingssince 1970s and measure system resilience. The premise here is that the current krill-regime inthe Scotia Sea must be understood as a complex adaptive system (CAS) of social, ecologicaland economical attributes that operates over different temporal and spatial scales. Thus, byapplying the framework of a social-ecological system (SES), together with the adaptive cycleheuristic model, both quantitative and qualitative data is revised and integrated. Two alternatemanagement states are identified within the krill-regime; an early krill fishery state (1972 –1991), and an ecosystem based governance state (1991 - 2010). Resilience is however fadingin the Scotia Sea due to a combination of cross-scale attributes, in a range from low krilldensity (n/m¯²), increased competition for marine resources between predators and krillfishery, to elevated demand and global market prices of non-food commodities by theaquaculture sector in Asia, thus, moving the Scotia Sea towards an unknown fish-regime.Although such future regime is still retained by the region’s slow changing physical variablessuch as sea ice and seasonality, as well as the adaptive management capacity of CCAMLR,the sudden appearance of an undesirable regime in the Scotia Sea would probably havecomprehensive socio-ecological consequences if reached.
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Elf, Julia, i Ludvig Svensson. "Standardization in Sustainability Transitions : A Study on Stakeholder Attitudes and Power Relations During the Standardization Process in the Vehicle-to-Grid Ecosystem". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264259.
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The electrification of the transportation sector plays an important role in the sustainability transition as successful electric vehicle (EV) integration allows for the reduction of CO2 emissions. Moreover, bidirectional capabilities of the EVs (vehicle-to-grid) further facilitate this transition by supporting the electricity grid while lowering the cost of ownership of EVs when revenues from grid-supporting services are split between stakeholders. Due to sustainability challenges facing several domains, fundamental transformation processes are needed to transition away from our current global energy system. However, with the strong inertia of the current system together with the sheer complexity and vexed interests during transitions, neither private markets nor government agencies seem likely to spur this transition on their own. Transitions are thus political processes, in which standards can play an important role since they point to the direction of the transition. This thesis investigates the role of standardization in sustainability transitions. The aim was to improve the understanding of the diverse stakeholder attitudes towards the standardization process of the communication protocol between the vehicle and its charging equipment. While exploring this topic, the thesis further aimed to investigate the power relations that govern the interactions and coordination efforts between the diverse stakeholders involved in the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) standardization processes. To achieve this, a qualitative study was conducted where two transcripts from the California Energy Commission, adding up to a total of 667 pages, were coded in a mixed inductive-deductive manner. In addition, as a complement, 13 expert interviews were conducted. The results showed that power was expressed by actors on (and between) all levels in the system. Mutual dependency was the most frequently expressed power relation among the actors. The mutual dependency was assumed to be widely present due to the interdependent nature between the components in the V2G system. The automotive manufacturers were observed to have a strong position in the vehicle-to-grid ecosystem and it was noted that other actors conformed with their political and/or economic goals. Another finding related to power was the sense of powerlessness and frustration expressed by actors on all levels, likely enabling the status quo to prevail. There was also clear frustration towards policymakers concerning the lack of policy direction and actors expressed the need for market signaling. The policymakers seemed to adhere to both disruptive innovations and the existing regime, causing uncertainty in policy decisions. The empirics also showed that the standardization discussions have little focus on competition between standards at this point of the transition. The debate seemed to rather be shaped by the conflict between advocates and opponents of standardization, where the opponents argued against standardization due to fear of prematurely mandating a single standard. Advocates dominated over opponents at this point of the transition and the communication standard, ISO 15118 seemed to have significant industry support. Automotive manufacturers were found to be the most vocal stakeholder group against standardization. Furthermore, the results highlighted the functions and features of standards commonly mentioned in the V2G standardization discussions, where compatibility, market signaling, and future proof features belonged to the most frequently mentioned.Elektrifieringen av transportsektorn spelar en central roll för omställningen till ett hållbart energisystem eftersom elbilar bidrar till minskade utsläpp av koldioxid. Bidirektionella laddningsmöjligheter (V2G) kan möjliggöra omställningen ytterligare genom att stötta svaga elnät på lokal nivå samtidigt som funktionen kan minska kostnaderna för att äga en elbil. Fundamentala omställningar krävs för att lösa de hållbarhetsutmaningar som flera industrier står inför men på grund av komplexiteten i dessa system kan varken privat eller offentlig sektor driva denna förändring på egen hand. Omställningsprocessen är en politisk process där standardisering kan spela en viktig roll eftersom de kan indikera vilken riktning omställningen rör sig mot. Den här uppsatsen undersöker därför standardiseringens roll i hållbarhetsomställningar. Syftet var att öka förståelsen av olika aktörers ståndpunkter i standardiseringsprocessen av kommunikationen mellan en elbil och dess laddstation. För att undersöka detta ämne granskades även maktförhållanden som genomsyrar en standardiseringsprocess. Detta gjordes genom kvalitativ kodning av två transkriberade diskussioner om standardisering från California Energy Commission vilka totalt uppgick till 667 sidor. Utöver detta hölls 13 intervjuer som komplement. Resultatet visade att makt utövades av aktörer på samtliga nivåer i systemet. Ett ömsesidigt beroende kunde identifieras mellan aktörerna. Detta antogs vara framträdande på grund av de beroendeförhållanden som uppstår sig då samtliga aktörer krävs för att ett V2G-system ska fungera. Vidare observerades att maktutövande som förstärker och reproducerar existerande strukturer och institutioner uttrycktes av många aktörer i V2G-ekosystemet. En annan observation var att biltillverkare verkar ha en stark position i V2G-ekosystemet och det noterades att andra aktörer anpassade sig efter deras politiska och/eller ekonomiska mål. Ett ytterligare resultat var att det fanns en känsla av maktlöshet och frustration på alla nivåer i systemet vilket bidrog till upplevelsen av status quo. Det fanns en tydlig frustration speciellt mot beslutsfattare vilken grundade sig i bristen på tydliga riktlinjer. Beslutsfattare verkade anpassa sig såväl mot disruptiv innovation som till den existerande regimen vilket orsakade passivitet och osäkerhet vid beslutsfattande. Eftersom ramverket Multi-Level Power-in-Transition som användes för analysen inte tar hänsyn till att beslutsfattare kan svara både mot dominanta och mer radikala makrotrender, modifierades ramverket något innan det appliceras på empirin. Vidare visade analysen att det inte pågår någon konkurrens mellan standarder i denna fas av omställningen, däremot identifierades en konflikt mellan förespråkare och motståndare till standardisering där motståndarna var oroliga över att det var för tidigt att ge mandat åt en enskild standard. Förespråkare dominerade över motståndare i denna fas av omställningen och kommunikationstandarden ISO 15118 verkade ha betydande stöd från industrin. Biltillverkare befanns vara de aktörer som till största grad motsatte sig standardisering. Resultaten gav ytterligare en inblick i de egenskaper hos standarder som vanligtvis nämndes i diskussioner om kommunikationsstandarder. Några av de egenskaper som regelbundet belystes som viktiga var kompatibilitet och att den bör vara framtidssäker. En ytterligare viktig funktion med standardisering ansågs vara att ge tydliga signaler till marknaden.
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de, Schutter Elisabeth Marie Louise, Stefan Giljum, Tiina Häyhä, Martin Bruckner, Syed Ali Asjad Naqvi, Ines Omann i Sigrid Stagl. "Bioeconomy Transitions through the Lens of Coupled Social-Ecological Systems: A Framework for Place-Based Responsibility in the Global Resource System". MDPI AG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205705.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Bioeconomy strategies in high income societies focus at replacing finite, fossil resources
by renewable, biological resources to reconcile macro-economic concerns with climate constraints.
However, the current bioeconomy is associated with critical levels of environmental degradation.
As a potential increase in biological resource use may further threaten the capacity of ecosystems to
fulfil human needs, it remains unclear whether bioeconomy transitions in high income countries are
sustainable. In order to fill a gap in bioeconomy sustainability assessments, we apply an ontological
lens of coupled social-ecological systems to explore critical mechanisms in relation to bioeconomy
activities in the global resource system. This contributes to a social-ecological systems (SES)-based
understanding of sustainability from a high income country perspective: the capacity of humans to
satisfy their needs with strategies that reduce current levels of pressures and impacts on ecosystems.
Building on this notion of agency, we develop a framework prototype that captures the systemic
relation between individual human needs and collective social outcomes on the one hand (microlevel)
and social-ecological impacts in the global resource system on the other hand (macro-level).
The BIO-SES framework emphasizes the role of responsible consumption (for physical health),
responsible production (to reduce stressors on the environment), and the role of autonomy and selforganisation
(to protect the reproduction capacity of social-ecological systems). In particular, the
BIO-SES framework can support (1) individual and collective agency in high income country
contexts to reduce global resource use and related ecosystem impacts with a bioeconomy strategy,
(2) aligning social outcomes, monitoring efforts and governance structures with place-based efforts
to achieve the SDGs, as well as (3), advancing the evidence base and social-ecological theory on
responsible bioeconomy transitions in the limited biosphere.
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Nagel, Franziska. "Mobile Commerce : The retail ecosystem in the technological transition". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-78383.
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The purpose of this study is to problematize the technological transition from traditional retail to mobile commerce, its following challenges, and its impact on organizations. Further, to highlight what companies need in order to consider the implemention of this technological transition. Finally, this study aims to tackle synergies that are exposed in this study that defines factors which drive the technological transition from traditional retail to m-commerce.
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Gill, Wendy Jane. "The spatial characterisation of transitional areas between plant communities : a case study from upland Britain". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2196.
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The concept of the ecotone was formalised by Clements (1 905) as a boundary zone between plant communities. Little research exists on the ecological importance or the geographical variability of these zones. Two types of boundaries are acknowledged: the ecotone and the ecocline. The ecotone is a sharp boundary; the ecocline a gradual boundary. The term 'transitional area' is proposed here to more accurately describe these areas as this research demonstrates that a complex continuum exists between the two end points. Additionally, mosaics often complicate the nature of the transition and may form a boundary type in their own right. Upland plant communities represent important semi-natural habitats within the British Isles. Effective management depends on an understanding of their structure and function. This research is primarily concerned with the description of structure (spatial pattern and variability in floristic composition) but explanation of these patterns is only possible through an understanding of function (vegetation dynamics). Pilot studies determined an appropriate methodology for studying transitional areas. The approach progressed from a linear transect to a two-dimensional rectangular transect. The pilot studies also evaluated a range of methods for data analysis. Extended field sampling followed which included 23 sites in 4 locations: Dartmoor, Snowdonia, North York Moors and Barra, Western Isles of Scotland. Data analysis exposed the complexities of the transitional areas sampled but 'noise' often obscured the true characteristics. To overcome this a Species Ratio Index Model was devised to identify the strength of signal for each boundary. The final characterisation of transitional areas is based on three main components: ecotone, ecocline and mosaics, each displaying varying amplitude. Of the sites sampled, few boundaries revealed single characteristics and the majority were far more complex than their observed patterns implied. On the basis of this characterisation a classification is proposed which incorporates both natural and anthropogenic factors. The classification represents an important contribution to the understanding of boundary types. This study reinforces the significance of boundaries in the landscape. The potential for future research is great, particularly through the development of a predictive model for management purposes.
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Yang, Binbin. "Enhancing User Engagement in Electronic Commerce Through the Transition to a Digital Ecosystem". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124532.
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Electronic Commerce (EC) companies are faced with a highly competitive environment today. Strengthening user engagement in digital ecosystems is a promising approach to increasing value co-creation. However, enterprise-oriented user engagement strategies examined in previous studies are relatively inadequate to meet today’s expectations. This paper looks to answer the question, “how to effectively strengthen user engagement to acquire a sustainable value co-creation system in EC.” A plausible user engagement strategy was revealed by analyzing a single case study in the music sector based on details of a digital ecosystem. Semi-structured interviews performed with company Xiami along with their users, show that the recognition of user-oriented needs and the expansion of user-driven demands are two key aspects for EC companies to maintain a sustainable growth of value co-creation.
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Lohani, Sapana. "Linking ecosystem services with state-and-transition models to evaluate rangeland management decisions". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/314685.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Rangelands are a major type of land found on all continents. Though they comprise around 70% of the world's land area, knowledge of rangelands is limited and immature. Rangelands supply humans with food and fiber at very low energy costs compared to cultivated lands. They are inherently heterogeneous, highly variable in time and space. Rangeland management needs to consider the impacts of long-term vegetation transition. It needs a conceptual framework defining potential vegetation communities, describing the management induced transition of one vegetation community to another, and documenting the expected benefits provided by the various potential vegetation communities. The most widely used conceptual unit in the rangeland discipline is the "ecological site". Ecological sites can be an effective unit that should respond to management consistently and can help managers understand the site's potential to meet human needs. A state and transition model (STM) brings ecological sites and their potential vegetative states together to build a conceptual framework showing the major causes of transitions between states of an ecological site and thus helping make adaptive management decisions. Within the STM there is a need for an indicator of ecosystem health. Ecosystem services can be important to evaluate alternative states. Ecosystem services do not pass through a market for valuation, though often the cost would be very high if, through mismanagement, the ecosystem is no longer capable of providing those services. Vegetation communities are constantly facing reversible or irreversible transitions triggered by natural events and/or management actions. The framework generated in this study is significant in using remote sensing to generate state and transition models for a large area and in using ecosystem services to evaluate natural and/or management induced transitions as described in the STM. This dissertation addresses the improvement of public rangelands management in the West. It applies geospatial technologies to map ecological sites and states on those sites, characterizes transitions between states and selects a desired state to manage towards based on a systematic assessment of the value of flows of environmental services. The results from this study are an evaluation of improved draft ecological site maps for a larger area using remote sensing images, a simplified state-and-transition model adapted to remote sensing capabilities to study transitions due to climatic events and management practices, and a constrained optimization model that incorporates ecosystem services and the simplified STM to evaluate management costs and conservation benefits. The study showed that brush treatment is the most effective management practice to cause state transitions. The highest increase in the high cover state was by 24%. Areas under grazing and drought show slow transitions from brush to grass and also after prescribed fire vegetation take at least two years to recover.
Książki na temat "Ecosystem Transitions"
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Dubinsky, Zvy, i Noga Stambler, red. Coral Reefs: An Ecosystem in Transition. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0114-4.
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1953-, Aronson James, Pereira João S i Pausas Juli G, red. Cork oak woodlands in transition: Ecology, adaptive management, and restoration of an ancient Mediterranean ecosystem. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2009.
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Al'himovich, Igor', Naylya Amirova, Elena Burdenko, Ol'ga Vakurova, Katerina Volkova, Nina Gostieva, Elena Docenko i in. Green economy in the paradigm of sustainable development. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1898399.
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The monograph analyzes the directions of formation, formation and development of the green economy paradigm and closely related concepts of circular, waste-free, cyclical economy, economy based on green growth, bioeconomics, low-carbon economy, blue economy, ecosystem and sustainable development. The history of the formation, the essence and content of these concepts are investigated, as well as the analysis of the practice of implementing the principles of green economy in priority sectors and spheres of Russia and foreign countries is carried out. The results of the study can be used to substantiate the prospects for the introduction of the principles of green economy in the context of global and national problems of sustainable development. Conclusions are formulated about the problems and obstacles of Russia's transition to a green growth model, as well as tools for achieving "greening" of the economy.
It is intended for students and postgraduates studying in the field of training (specialty) "Economics", undergraduates studying in the areas of preparation "Economics", "Finance and Credit", managers, entrepreneurs, financiers, as well as for anyone interested in the problems of sustainable development, environmental protection, the formation of waste-free technology and green economy.
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Transitions in a Globalising World. CRC Press LLC, 2021.
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Martens, Pim, i Jan Rotmans. Transitions in a Globalising World. CRC Press LLC, 2021.
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Martens, Pim, i Jan Rotmans. Transitions in a Globalising World. CRC Press LLC, 2021.
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Martens, Pim, i Jan Rotmans. Transitions in a Globalising World. CRC Press LLC, 2021.
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Fogarty, Michael J., i Jeremy S. Collie. Fishery Ecosystem Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198768937.001.0001.
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This book provides an integrated framework for the quantitative analysis of exploited aquatic ecosystems, tracing the critical linkages between fundamental ecological processes and their implications for sustainable resource management. Examples are drawn from freshwater and marine ecosystems throughout the world. Fishery ecosystems have historically been subject to a broad array of human interventions, ranging from large-scale removal of biomass to deliberate attempts at ecosystem engineering involving species introductions, habitat alteration, and selective reorganization of ecosystem structure. Traditional approaches to fisheries analysis and management focus on extraction of resources viewed in isolation from the broader ecosystem setting. Further, these approaches typically are predicated on assumptions of “well-behaved” dynamical properties characterized by stable equilibrium properties. This book explores a broader range of possibilities concerning human impacts on aquatic ecosystems. It places software tools in the hands of students and professionals in an electronic supplement. Modeling and statistical programs in R and other platforms are provided to assist in the transition from concept to practical application.
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Malone, Thomas C., Alenka Malej i Jadran Faganeli, red. Coastal Ecosystems in Transition. Wiley, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119543626.
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Dubinsky, Zvy, i Noga Stambler. Coral Reefs: An Ecosystem in Transition. Springer, 2014.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Ecosystem Transitions"
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Cheng, Willie. "The Social Ecosystem: Transitions within the Ecosystem of Change". W The World that Changes the World, 7–33. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119199427.ch1.
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Priess, Joerg A., Christian Hoyer, Greta Jäckel, Eva Lang, Sebastian Pomm i Christian Schweitzer. "Selected Trade-Offs and Risks Associated with Land Use Transitions in Central Germany". W Atlas of Ecosystem Services, 129–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96229-0_21.
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Baró, Francesc, i Erik Gómez-Baggethun. "Assessing the Potential of Regulating Ecosystem Services as Nature-Based Solutions in Urban Areas". W Theory and Practice of Urban Sustainability Transitions, 139–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56091-5_9.
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Yang, Kexin Bella, Zijing Lu, Vanessa Echeverria, Jonathan Sewall, Luettamae Lawrence, Nikol Rummel i Vincent Aleven. "Technology Ecosystem for Orchestrating Dynamic Transitions Between Individual and Collaborative AI-Tutored Problem Solving". W Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 673–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11644-5_66.
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Wallace, Rodrick. "Metabolic Constraints on the Evolution of Genetic Codes: Did Multiple Preaerobic’ Ecosystem Transitions Entrain Richer Dialects via Serial Endosymbiosis?" W Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 204–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35524-0_9.
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Lanning, Kimber. "Building a Rural Entrepreneurial Ecosystem". W Rural Areas in Transition, 149–70. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003280620-8.
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Wallace, Rodrick, i Deborah Wallace. "Punctuated Equilibrium in Statistical Models of Generalized Coevolutionary Resilience: How Sudden Ecosystem Transitions Can Entrain Both Phenotype Expression and Darwinian Selection". W Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 23–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88765-2_2.
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Lubchenco, Jane, i Peter M. Haugan. "The Ocean Transition: What to Learn from System Transitions". W The Blue Compendium, 445–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16277-0_12.
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AbstractThe ocean is the ultimate commons. Sustainability narratives now recognise what science continues to demonstrate—that ecosystems on land, rivers, deltas, estuaries and the ocean are intrinsically linked (Mathews et al. 2019). There is a growing consensus that the prosperity and well-being of humanity depends on the health of the ocean environment, including the ocean-climate nexus (OECD 2016; IPCC 2019). Critical indicators reveal that business as usual is going to result in the collapse of key biophysical ocean functions, with major implications for the global economy and societies (IPCC 2019). Science has demonstrated that these close systemic interlinkages in and among ecological, economic and social systems require solutions which are responsive and flexible, robust yet elastic (SDG 2019).
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Schlattau, Michael. "Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem". W Societies and Political Orders in Transition, 7–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54909-1_2.
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Zurita-Arthos, Leo, Carolina Proaño, Jonathan Guillén, Sebastián Cruz i David Wiedenfeld. "Galapagos Petrels Conservation Helps Transition Towards a Sustainable Future". W Island Ecosystems, 197–205. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28089-4_14.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Ecosystem Transitions"
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Salminen, Vesa, Heikki Ruohomaa i Minna Takala. "Future Ecosystem Ensuring Competitiveness in Continuous Co-Evolution". W 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002245.
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The world is changing rapidly, and it is difficult to form clear understanding of future challenges and opportunities. Continuous demand on sustainability, carbon neutrality, circular economy and life cycle material chain management has changed societies and all industries fast. However, sustainable development and competitiveness are always based on being economically viable and circular economy itself is an economic theory. The amount of usable data in business environment is at the same time exponentially increasing. Technology opportunities as well are prominent to use the data in managing by data for the purpose of business co-evolution. Competitive landscape is shifting from well-defined industries to broader ecosystems and traditional enterprise boundaries are breaking down. This also means for busines transition towards platform economy e.g. enterprise production lines to networked intelligent value chains and ecosystems. Companies need in this disruptive situation an ecosystem strategy and analysis, which type of business model they are utilizing. Businesses are networking and transforming into ecosystems, emphasizing the management of interface processes. It is essential to understand digital ecosystem supporting business co-evolution. Data is a valuable currency that gives fuel for innovation and data driven co-evolution. Capturing of new data from various sources and executing it in business in transition requires human- oriented data-driven business architecture and strategy alignment on that basis towards circular economy business model and continuous coevolution. Circular economy ecosystems are based on economic theory, and they are not working if they are not economically viable. The goal of this article is to identify and analyze the life cycle material flow in circular economy in different business areas and find various business models and similarities in business practices. At the same time, this article attempts to develop framework for the strategic management of complex change through sustainable co-evolution in order to achieve a competitive edge for companies.This research is partly constructive, conceptual and analytical, because it introduces pathway to ecosystem strategy and introduces experiences of applying different evolutionary circular economy business models. Data for this concept creation has been collected over several years on continuous flow from ten different regional applied research and development projects. The data sources have also been interviews and workshops executed during projects on foresight and scenario planning basis. The researchers have been able to participate on creation of several regional ecosystems. Researchers have contributed on ecosystem strategy planning, decision making and continuous development practices.The complexity of co-evolution is difficult to manage without ecosystem- based approach. A generic perception of this research is that successful ecosystem needs clear ecosystem strategy and should set up a shared vision and evolutionary roadmap to serve as basis for common value creation, co- operation and ecosystem leadership. All ecosystem players can focus attention of ecosystems in the value propositions that are being pursued, not in corporate identity. It is important to understand that ecosystem is value driven. Ecosystems are defined around the roles, positions, and flows across the partners that create a value proposition. Nearly all business fields and enterprises face the need for transition towards data- driven circular economy business model and continuous coevolution through digital ecosystem.
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Schiller, Victor. "Alternative Design Theories and the Temporal Nature of Top-Down Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Support Processes: Implications for Resource-Constrained Emerging Ecosystems in Transition". W New Business Models 2023. Maastricht University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26481/mup.2302.06.
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Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (EE) research has explored bottom-up ecosystems that spontaneously appear then develop over time and top-down formed ecosystems deliberately established through organizational sponsorship designed to enable productive entrepreneurship. Despite the crucial role organizational sponsorship plays in entrepreneurial support activities, prior research has overlooked the critical design methods used to formulate the strategy and temporal dynamic factors required to establish and operate top-down emerging resource-constrained ecosystems. Specifically, in the year leading up to initial ecosystem launch, which design methods are used to determine entrepreneur support activities and timing, then what is modified during the first year of operation? Approaching top-down established ecosystems as operating entities and building on current EE theory along with a range of design theories, this study examines relevant literature with a focus on initial and ongoing operating strategy formulation. The findings argue that effectuation principles can be used to design emerging top-down ecosystems better and proposes a new fourth, temporal effectuation means principle to explain support activity introduction timing and sequencing. By doing so, this paper offers evidence and theoretical elaboration for an extended version of the effectuation concept to build emerging entrepreneurial ecosystems in uncertain resource-constrained locations. These findings could be particularly relevant to inner-city, migrant-based, remote, transition economies or economically/demographically declining regions with a desire to promote entrepreneurship.
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Ibarra, Dorleta, Juan Ignacio Igartua i Joan Manuel F. Mendoza. "Sustainable business models for renewable energy communities and their ecosystem". W New Business Models 2023. Maastricht University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26481/mup.2302.09.
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Renewable energy communities (REC) are key to the sustainable energy transition. However, sustainable business models (SBM) and ecosystems must be developed to ensure the growth and flourishing of REC. This paper presents 16 SBM patterns around the REC ecosystem, describing their sustainability benefits and contribution to sustainable development.
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Roy, Joyashree, Joyashree Roy, Satabdi Datta, Satabdi Datta, Preeti Kapuria, Preeti Kapuria, Indrila Guha i in. "COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND CHANGING ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION". W Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9499474bf5.93776083.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The wide variety of economic activities, which prevail along the coasts, has either direct or indirect connectivity with the coastal ecosystems through its provisioning of a diverse range of goods and services. However, these systems are permanently under pressure due to natural and anthropogenic threats. This field based study documents the changing pattern of economic activities along selected coastal stretches in South Asia at Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Economic activities vary with coastal ecosystem types and service flows there from. Field study sites were identified based on multiple meetings and discussions with the policy makers in each of the countries and they continued to be the part of scientific discussions within ecology-economy framework through the project lifetime. In depth enquiry and analysis were carried out to understand perception of various economic stakeholder groups to natural and anthropogenic threats in the coastal regions and resultant vulnerability and risks. Often threats get intensified by rapid urbanization triggered by changing pattern of coastal economy due to tourism expansion and modernization of traditional activities.
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Roy, Joyashree, Joyashree Roy, Satabdi Datta, Satabdi Datta, Preeti Kapuria, Preeti Kapuria, Indrila Guha i in. "COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS AND CHANGING ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES: CHALLENGES FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITION". W Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431533f48a.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The wide variety of economic activities, which prevail along the coasts, has either direct or indirect connectivity with the coastal ecosystems through its provisioning of a diverse range of goods and services. However, these systems are permanently under pressure due to natural and anthropogenic threats. This field based study documents the changing pattern of economic activities along selected coastal stretches in South Asia at Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. Economic activities vary with coastal ecosystem types and service flows there from. Field study sites were identified based on multiple meetings and discussions with the policy makers in each of the countries and they continued to be the part of scientific discussions within ecology-economy framework through the project lifetime. In depth enquiry and analysis were carried out to understand perception of various economic stakeholder groups to natural and anthropogenic threats in the coastal regions and resultant vulnerability and risks. Often threats get intensified by rapid urbanization triggered by changing pattern of coastal economy due to tourism expansion and modernization of traditional activities.
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Weaver, Iain S. "Cascading Transitions in Coupled Complex Ecosystems". W European Conference on Artificial Life 2015. The MIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/978-0-262-33027-5-ch106.
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Party, J. M., S. Ocalan i A. Trask. "Making an Impact: Protecting Guyana's Forests While Growing Energy Production". W SPE Energy Transition Symposium. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215732-ms.
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Abstract A framework for evaluation of carbon offsetting strategies is presented depicting the journey of a large independent upstream exploration and production company towards making a first investment in the space. The framework for evaluation included three pillars: foundational and macro research of voluntary carbon markets, corporate intelligence, and project evaluation from a quality and strategic fit approach. Data examined included third party research data, public information from registries and other actors in the voluntary carbon market, and publicly available corporate publications. The information was also put into context against future decarbonization and company values to ultimately arrive at a strategy which was successfully deployed in a first-of-a-kind long-term carbon offset agreement with the Government of Guyana. Key observations made during the process were: 1) nature-based carbon offset projects provide a useful and necessary tool for global decarbonization towards a net-zero 2050 by providing private capital to developing nations, filling a gap from public pledges, while protecting important carbon sinks and ecosystems, 2) for independent E&Ps a strategy to secure offsets from high-quality, geographically-relevant, and large-scale projects appears to be optimal, and 3) demand for credits within the voluntary carbon market are likely to grow and reach around 1 billion tonnes per year by 2030 and potentially greater than 5 billion tonnes per year by 2050, outstripping the supply of high-quality credits. The voluntary carbon market is in its infancy. Excluding European majors, oil and gas companies are in the early stages of participating in the market with limited information published on the topic. This paper will present one approach for entering the market.
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Echave, Cynthia, Danilo Ceh, Alexia Boulanger i Jennifer Shaw-Taberlet. "An Ecosystemic Approach for Energy Transition in the Mediterranean Region". W 2019 1st International Conference on Energy Transition in the Mediterranean Area (SyNERGY MED). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/synergy-med.2019.8764107.
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Maass, Wolfgang, Andreas Filler, Sabine Janzen i Tobias Kowatsch. "Towards a transition to tangible commerce". W 2010 4th IEEE International Conference on Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (DEST). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dest.2010.5610611.
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de-Besa-Gutiérrez, Manuel Rafael, Mar Lugo-Muñoz i Dolore Limón-Domínguez. "University services for students' transition to Higher Education". W TEEM 2017: 5th International Conference Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3144826.3145366.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "Ecosystem Transitions"
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Adelekan, Ibidun, Anton Cartwright, Winston Chow, Sarah Colenbrander, Richard Dawson, Matthias Garschagen, Marjolijn Haasnoot i in. Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/supsv209.2022.
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The second volume in the Summary for Urban Policymakers (SUP) series, Climate Change in Cities and Urban Areas: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, offers a concise and accessible distillation of the IPCC Working Group II Report. Cities are places of high risks from climate change, resulting from the interaction of climate change hazards, the exposure of infrastructure, people and ecosystems, the vulnerability of exposed elements and communities, and the negative or unintended effects of responses to climate change to people and ecosystems. This report assesses the feasibility and effectiveness of different adaptation options but highlights that adaptation has limits and can even lead to maladaptation, triggering unintended effects which increase risk, emissions and lock-ins. It synthesises the latest evidence on the necessary urban-led transformation, as well as evidence on operationalizing the five simultaneous system transitions across land, coastal, ocean and freshwater ecosystems; cities, regions, and infrastructure; energy and industrial systems, accelerated by societal choices. Cities and urban areas have a critical role to play in the climate resilient development needed to meet goals of climate change, human wellbeing, and ecosystem health challenges.
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Page, Kelly, Alexandra Merritt Johnson, Kristen Franklin, Bria Carter, Marilys Galindo, Teresa Solorzano, Sangyeon Lee i Zohal Shah. Learning Transition Design Principles for Learning and Employment Records: Co-designing for Equity. Digital Promise, lipiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/185.
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Emerging technologies such as learning, and employment records (LER) have been identified as a promising solution for historically and systematically excluded (HSE) learners and workers to share and access their learning- and skills-data from their individual learning journeys and transitions. However, learning journeys are rarely linear; the way in which learners and workers may demonstrate and get recognized for their skills and competencies may evolve over time. Further, systemic barriers and inequities embedded in the learning journeys of HSE communities, disproportionately impact their ability to enter and persist in the education and workforce ecosystem. It is critical for LERs to be designed as accessible and equitably for HSE communities to mitigate systemic and structural inequities in the education and workforce ecosystem. With the generous support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Digital Promise collaborated with HSE adult learners and workers, to establish a set of design principles to inform the development of LER technologies for use over an individual’s learning and career journeys, including their learning transitions. Through one-on-one interviews and group workshops with HSE adult learners and workers, fundamental design principles have been identified to influence LER data infrastructure from education to the workforce.
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Page, Kelly, Alexandra Merritt Johnson, Kristen Franklin, Bria Carter, Marilys Galindo, Teresa Solorzano, Sangyeon Lee i Zohal Shah. Learning Transition Design Principles for Learning and Employment Records: Co-designing for Equity. Digital Promise, lipiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/183.
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Emerging technologies such as learning, and employment records (LER) have been identified as a promising solution for historically and systematically excluded (HSE) learners and workers to share and access their learning- and skills-data from their individual learning journeys and transitions. However, learning journeys are rarely linear; the way in which learners and workers may demonstrate and get recognized for their skills and competencies may evolve over time. Further, systemic barriers and inequities embedded in the learning journeys of HSE communities, disproportionately impact their ability to enter and persist in the education and workforce ecosystem. It is critical for LERs to be designed as accessible and equitably for HSE communities to mitigate systemic and structural inequities in the education and workforce ecosystem. With the generous support of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Digital Promise collaborated with HSE adult learners and workers, to establish a set of design principles to inform the development of LER technologies for use over an individual’s learning and career journeys, including their learning transitions. Through one-on-one interviews and group workshops with HSE adult learners and workers, fundamental design principles have been identified to influence LER data infrastructure from education to the workforce.
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Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, Do Trong Hoan, Hoang Nguyen Viet Hoa i Nguyen Duy Khanh. Understanding tree-cover transitions, drivers and stakeholders’ perspectives for effective landscape governance: a case study of Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province, Viet Nam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21023.pdf.
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Integrated landscape management for sustainable livelihoods and positive environmental outcomes has been desired by many developing countries, especially for mountainous areas where agricultural activities, if not well managed, will likely degrade vulnerable landscapes. This research was an attempt to characterize the landscape in Chieng Yen Commune, Son La Province in Northwest Viet Nam to generate knowledge and understanding of local conditions and to propose a workable governance mechanism to sustainably manage the landscape. ICRAF, together with national partners — Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute — and local partners — Son La Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Son La Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Chieng Yen Commune People’s Committee — conducted rapid assessments in the landscape, including land-use mapping, land-use characterization, a household survey and participatory landscape assessment using an ecosystem services framework. We found that the landscape and peoples’ livelihoods are at risk from the continuous degradation of forest and agricultural land, and declining productivity, ecosystem conditions and services. Half of households live below the poverty line with insufficient agricultural production for subsistence. Unsustainable agricultural practices and other livelihood activities are causing more damage to the forest. Meanwhile, existing forest and landscape governance mechanisms are generally not inclusive of local community engagement. Initial recommendations are provided, including further assessment to address current knowledge gaps.
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Arkema, Katherine, Simon Geerlofs i Cailene Gunn. Valuing ecosystems in equitable energy transition planning. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1976174.
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Marshall, Amber, Krystle Turner, Carol Richards, Marcus Foth, Michael Dezuanni i Tim Neale. A case study of human factors of digital AgTech adoption: Condamine Plains, Darling Downs. Queensland University of Technology, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.227177.
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As global agricultural production methods and supply chains have become more digitised, farmers around the world are adopting digital AgTech such as drones, Internet of Things (IoT), remote sensors, blockchain, and satellite imagery to inform their on-farm decision-making. While early adopters and technology advocates globally are spruiking and realising the benefits of digital AgTech, many Australian farmers are reluctant or unable to participate fully in the digital economy. This is an important issue, as the Australian Government has said that digital farming is essential to meeting its target of agriculture being a $100billion industry by 2030. Most studies of AgTech adoption focus on individual-level barriers, yielding well-documented issues such as access to digital connectivity, availability of AgTech suppliers, non-use of ICTs, and cost-benefit for farmers. In contrast, our project took an ‘ecosystems’ approach to study cotton farmers in the Darling Downs region in Queensland, Australia who are installing water sensors, satellite imagery, and IoT plant probes to generate data to be aggregated on a dashboard to inform decision-making. We asked our farmers to map their local ecosystem, and then set up interviewing different stakeholders (such technology providers, agronomists, and suppliers) to understand how community-level orientations to digital agriculture enabled and constrained on-farm adoption. We identified human factors of digital AgTech adoption at the macro, regional and farm levels, with a pronounced ‘data divide’ between farm and community level stakeholders within the ecosystem. This ‘data divide’ is characterised by a capability gap between the provision of the devices and software that generate data by technology companies, and the ability of farmers to manage, implement, use, and maintain them effectively and independently. In the Condamine Plains project, farmers were willing and determined to learn new, advanced digital and data literacy skills. Other farmers in different circumstances may not see value in such an undertaking or have the necessary support to take full advantage of the technologies once they are implemented. Moreover, there did not seem to be a willingness or capacity in the rest of the ecosystem to fill this gap. The work raises questions about the type and level of new, digital expertise farmers need to attain in the transition to digital farming, and what interventions are necessary to address the significant barriers to adoption and effective use that remain in rural communities. By holistically considering how macro- and micro-level factors may be combined with community-level influences, this study provides a more complete and holistic account of the contextualised factors that drive or undermine digital AgTech adoption on farms in rural communities. This report provides insights and evidence to inform strategies for rural ecosystems to transition farms to meet the requirements and opportunities of Agriculture 4.0 in Australia and abroad.
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Barquet, Karina, Maria Xylia i Faisal Bin Ashraf. Include the fossil-free transition in the next Water Action Agenda. Stockholm Environment Institute, marzec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2023.018.
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The next Water Action Agenda must seriously consider the role and future of water in the transition to fossil-free energy – both as an agent for change and as a sensitive system to be impacted with serious negative consequences. Producing more energy, even if “fossilfree”, will affect the achievement of water quality, biodiversity and climate goals. Leaders need to rethink the “optimal” equation to account not only for energy security but also climate, ecosystem and social benefits and trade-offs. These considerations should focus on hydropower and how it fits into other renewable energy sources, and how water use will shape these decisions.
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Rijnsdorp, A. D., P. Boute, J. Tiano, M. Lankheet, K. Soetaert, U. Beier, E. de Borger i in. The implications of a transition from tickler chain beam trawl to electric pulse trawl on the sustainability and ecosystem effects of the fishery for North Sea sole: an impact assessment. IJmuiden,: Wageningen Marine Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/519729.
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Aiyar, Yamini, Vincy Davis, Gokulnath Govindan i Taanya Kapoor. Rewriting the Grammar of the Education System: Delhi’s Education Reform (A Tale of Creative Resistance and Creative Disruption). Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), listopad 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-misc_2021/01.
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The study was not designed to undertake an evaluation of the success or failure of reform. Nor was it specifically about the desirability or defects of the policy reform choices. It took these reform choices and the policy context as a given. It is important to note that the Delhi reforms had its share of criticisms (Kumar, 2016; Rampal, 2016). However, our goal was not to comment on whether these were the “right” reforms or have their appropriateness measured in terms of their technical capability. This study sought to understand the pathways through which policy formulations, designed and promoted by committed leaders (the sound and functional head of the flailing state), transmit their ideas and how these are understood, resisted, and adopted on the ground. In essence, this is a study that sought to illuminate the multifaceted challenges of introducing change and transition in low-capacity settings. Its focus was on documenting the process of implementing reforms and the dynamics of resistance, distortion, and acceptance of reform efforts on the ground. The provocative claim that this report makes is that the success and failure, and eventual institutionalisation, of reforms depend fundamentally on how the frontline of the system understands, interprets, and adapts to reform efforts. This, we shall argue, holds the key to upending the status quo of “pilot” burial grounds that characterise many education reform efforts in India. Reforms are never implemented in a vacuum. They inevitably intersect with the belief systems, cultures, values, and norms that shape the education ecosystem. The dynamics of this interaction, the frictions it creates, and reformers’ ability to negotiate these frictions are what ultimately shape outcomes. In the ultimate analysis, we argue that reforming deeply entrenched education systems (and, more broadly, public service delivery systems) is not merely a matter of political will and technical solutions (although both are critical). It is about identifying the points of reform friction in the ecosystem and experimenting with different ways of negotiating these. The narrative presented here does not have any clear answers for what needs to be done right. Instead, it seeks to make visible the intricacies and potential levers of change that tend to be ignored in the rush to “evaluate” reforms and declare success and failure. Moving beyond success to understand the dynamics of change and resistance is the primary contribution of this study.
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How the green and digital transitions are reshaping the automotive ecosystem. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD), marzec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/f1874cab-en.
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