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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Ecosystem modelling”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 22 czerwca 2024

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1

Caron-Lormier, Geoffrey, David A. Bohan, Richard Dye, Cathy Hawes, Roger W. Humphry i Alan Raybould. "Modelling an ecosystem: The example of agro-ecosystems". Ecological Modelling 222, nr 5 (marzec 2011): 1163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.11.028.

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Dai, Lingjun, Hongyu Liu, Gang Wang, Cheng Wang, Ziru Guo, Yi Zhou i Yufeng Li. "Modelling the effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on the landscape succession of Yancheng coastal natural wetlands, China". PeerJ 8 (24.11.2020): e10400. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10400.

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Background The Yancheng coastal natural wetlands (YCNR) are well-preserved silty tidal flat wetlands in China. Due to the severe invasion of Spartina alterniflora, the native ecosystem has undergone great changes. The successful invasion of S. alterniflora reduced the biodiversity of the YCNR, changed the structure and function of the local ecosystem, and eventually led to the degradation of the ecosystem and the loss of ecosystem function and service. Fully understanding the impact of an alien species invasion on YCNR succession is an important prerequisite for protecting and restoring the wetlands. Methods In this study, remote sensing, GIS technology, and a cellular-automaton Markov model were used to simulate the natural succession process of native ecosystems without being affected by alien species. By comparing the landscape of the YCNR with the model simulation results, we gained a better understanding of how alien species affect native landscape-scale ecosystems. Results During the natural succession of the coastal native wetland ecosystem in the YCNR, the pioneer species S. alterniflora occupied the mudflats and expanded seaward. The whole area expanded and moved seaward with an average annual movement of 58.23 m. Phragmites australis seemed to dominate the competition with S. salsa communities, and the area gradually expanded with an average annual movement of 39.89 m. The invasion of S. alterniflora changed the native ecosystem’s spatial succession process, causing the S. salsa ecosystem to be stressed by ecosystems on the side of the sea (S. alterniflora) and that of land (P. australis). The area of the seaward-expanding P. australis ecosystem has been declining. Under a reasonable protected area policy, human activities have enhanced the succession rate of the P. australis ecosystem and have had a small impact on the ecological spatial succession of S. salsa and S. alterniflora.

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3

De Laender, F., K. A. C. De Schamphelaere, C. R. Janssen i P. A. Vanrolleghem. "An ecosystem modelling approach for deriving water quality criteria". Water Science and Technology 56, nr 6 (1.09.2007): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.582.

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Ecological effects of chemicals on ecosystems are the result of direct effects of the chemical, determined in single-species toxicity testing, and indirect effects due to ecological interactions between species. Current experimental methods to account for such interactions are expensive. Hence, mathematical models of ecosystems have been proposed as an alternative. The use of these models often requires extensive calibration, which hampers their use as a general tool in ecological effect assessments. Here we present a novel ecosystem modelling approach which assesses effects of chemicals on ecosystems by integrating single-species toxicity test results and ecological interactions, without the need for calibration on case-specific data. The methodology is validated by comparing predicted ecological effects of copper in a freshwater planktonic ecosystem with an experimental ecosystem data set. Two main effects reflected by this data set (a decrease of cladocerans and an increase of small phytoplankton) which were unpredictable from single-species toxicity test results alone, were predicted accurately by the developed model. Effects on populations which don't interact directly with other populations, were predicted equally well by single-species toxicity test results as by the ecosystem model. The small amount of required data and the high predictive capacity can make this ecosystem modelling approach an efficient tool in water quality criteria derivation for chemicals.

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4

Duku, C., H. Rathjens, S. J. Zwart i L. Hein. "Towards ecosystem accounting: a comprehensive approach to modelling multiple hydrological ecosystem services". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 19, nr 10 (30.10.2015): 4377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4377-2015.

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Abstract. Ecosystem accounting is an emerging field that aims to provide a consistent approach to analysing environment–economy interactions. One of the specific features of ecosystem accounting is the distinction between the capacity and the flow of ecosystem services. Ecohydrological modelling to support ecosystem accounting requires considering among others physical and mathematical representation of ecohydrological processes, spatial heterogeneity of the ecosystem, temporal resolution, and required model accuracy. This study examines how a spatially explicit ecohydrological model can be used to analyse multiple hydrological ecosystem services in line with the ecosystem accounting framework. We use the Upper Ouémé watershed in Benin as a test case to demonstrate our approach. The Soil Water and Assessment Tool (SWAT), which has been configured with a grid-based landscape discretization and further enhanced to simulate water flow across the discretized landscape units, is used to simulate the ecohydrology of the Upper Ouémé watershed. Indicators consistent with the ecosystem accounting framework are used to map and quantify the capacities and the flows of multiple hydrological ecosystem services based on the model outputs. Biophysical ecosystem accounts are subsequently set up based on the spatial estimates of hydrological ecosystem services. In addition, we conduct trend analysis statistical tests on biophysical ecosystem accounts to identify trends in changes in the capacity of the watershed ecosystems to provide service flows. We show that the integration of hydrological ecosystem services into an ecosystem accounting framework provides relevant information on ecosystems and hydrological ecosystem services at appropriate scales suitable for decision-making.

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Wimmler, Marie-Christin, Jasper Bathmann, Ronny Peters, Jiang Jiang, Marc Walther, Catherine E. Lovelock i Uta Berger. "Plant–soil feedbacks in mangrove ecosystems: establishing links between empirical and modelling studies". Trees 35, nr 5 (22.07.2021): 1423–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02182-z.

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Abstract Key message Plant–soil feedbacks in mangrove ecosystems are important for ecosystem resilience and can be investigated by establishing links between empirical and modelling studies. Abstract Plant–soil feedbacks are important as they provide valuable insights into ecosystem dynamics and ecosystems stability and resilience against multiple stressors and disturbances, including global climate change. In mangroves, plant–soil feedbacks are important for ecosystem resilience in the face of sea level rise, carbon sequestration, and to support successful ecosystem restoration. Despite the recognition of the importance of plant–soil feedbacks in mangroves, there is limited empirical data available. We reviewed empirical studies from mangrove ecosystems and evaluate numerical models addressing plant–soil feedbacks. The empirical evidence suggests that plant–soil feedbacks strongly influence ecological processes (e.g. seedling recruitment and soil elevation change) and forest structure in mangrove ecosystems. Numerical models, which successfully describe plant–soil feedbacks in mangrove and other ecosystems, can be used in future empirical studies to test mechanistic understanding and project outcomes of environmental change. Moreover, the combination of both, modelling and empirical approaches, can improve mechanistic understanding of plant–soil feedbacks and thereby ecosystem dynamics in mangrove ecosystems. This combination will help to support sustainable coastal management and conservation.

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6

Bunce, James A. "Approaches to Ecosystem Modelling". Ecology 80, nr 3 (kwiecień 1999): 1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[1099:atem]2.0.co;2.

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7

Silvert, William. "Object-oriented ecosystem modelling". Ecological Modelling 68, nr 1-2 (lipiec 1993): 91–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(93)90110-e.

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8

Duku, C., H. Rathjens, S. J. Zwart i L. Hein. "Towards ecosystem accounting: a comprehensive approach to modelling multiple hydrological ecosystem services". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, nr 3 (30.03.2015): 3477–526. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-3477-2015.

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Abstract. Ecosystem accounting is an emerging field that aims to provide a consistent approach to analysing environment-economy interactions. In spite of the progress made in mapping and quantifying hydrological ecosystem services, several key issues must be addressed if ecohydrological modelling approaches are to be aligned with ecosystem accounting. They include modelling hydrological ecosystem services with adequate spatiotemporal detail and accuracy at aggregated scales to support ecosystem accounting, distinguishing between service capacity and service flow, and linking ecohydrological processes to the supply of dependent hydrological ecosystem services. We present a spatially explicit approach, which is consistent with ecosystem accounting, for mapping and quantifying service capacity and service flow of multiple hydrological ecosystem services. A grid-based setup of a modified Soil Water and Assessment Tool (SWAT), SWAT Landscape, is first used to simulate the watershed ecohydrology. Model outputs are then post-processed to map and quantify hydrological ecosystem services and to set up biophysical ecosystem accounts. Trend analysis statistical tests are conducted on service capacity accounts to track changes in the potential to provide service flows. Ecohydrological modelling to support ecosystem accounting requires appropriate decisions regarding model process inclusion, physical and mathematical representation, spatial heterogeneity, temporal resolution, and model accuracy. We demonstrate this approach in the Upper Ouémé watershed in Benin. Our analyses show that integrating hydrological ecosystem services in an ecosystem accounting framework provides relevant information on ecosystems and hydrological ecosystem services at appropriate scales suitable for decision-making. Our analyses further identify priority areas important for maintaining hydrological ecosystem services as well as trends in hydrological ecosystem services supply over time.

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9

Wilson, Alan G. "Ecological and Urban Systems Models: Some Explorations of Similarities in the Context of Complexity Theory". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 38, nr 4 (kwiecień 2006): 633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a37102.

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There are similarities of form between urban system models and models of ecosystems. These are systematically explored and a general model formulation which embraces both kinds of model is presented. Some insights are gained by using ideas from ecosystem modelling in urban modelling. The biggest gains, however, are for ecosystem modelling. It is demonstrated that urban techniques can be used for incorporating spatial competition effects into such models in novel ways, and that the complex dynamics can then be effectively interpreted. Urban systems have contributed significantly to complexity theory in the past—because they are complicated enough to be interesting but simple enough to be solvable. These insights can now be transferred to complex (spatial) ecosystems. The possibility of joint eco-urban models is explored.

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10

Zariņš, Mārcis, Andra Blumberga, Māris Klaviņš i Viesturs Melecis. "Dynamic Modeling for Environmental Processes: A Case Study of Lake Engure". Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 68, nr 1-2 (1.04.2014): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2014-0002.

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Abstract This focus of the study was on system dynamic models that could be useful for modelling environmental processes in Lake Engure. The paper considers the system dynamic model development principles, the most important elements and structure. The aim of the study was to describe possible methods of ecosystem process modelling that allow to represent the actual state of ecosystems and provide opportunities to predict further processes. The methods of ecosystem modelling considered in the paper reveal interactive factors of anthropogenic and environmental processes that influence changes in ecosystems. System dynamic models indicate not only interactions between various factors in the environment but also the most important driving forces. These models are based on flowchart and algorithm systems, which represent changes using mathematical functions in a graphic or tabular form. In the case study of Lake Engure, connections between factors that influence ecosystems in the study area were identified. Specialised software, PowerSim Studio Academic 9.0, was used for modelling. The model consists of qualitative and multifactor data of Lake Engure ecosystems, such as water chemical, physical and hydrological parameters, biological, ornithological and other data collected in the study area. Development of this modelling method will make it possible to evaluate the impact of various processes on biological diversity changes in the study area and to identify the most important problems. Furthermore, this method could improve environmental management practice in the surrounding municipalities, and it will also be possible to make similar models of ecosystem quality in other regions.

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11

Gascuel, Didier, Sylvie Guénette i Daniel Pauly. "The trophic-level-based ecosystem modelling approach: theoretical overview and practical uses". ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, nr 7 (12.05.2011): 1403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr062.

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Abstract Gascuel, D., Guénette, S., and Pauly, D. 2011. The trophic-level-based ecosystem modelling approach: theoretical overview and practical uses. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1403–1416. A trophic-level (TL)-based ecosystem modelling approach is presented, where ecosystem functioning is modelled as a flow of biomass up the foodweb through predation and ontogenetic processes. The approach, based on simple equations derived from fluid dynamics, provides insights into ecosystem functioning and the impact of fishing. A virtual ecosystem is simulated and the model shown to be capable of mimicking the effects of various exploitation patterns on ecosystem biomass expected from the theory. It provides the theoretical basis to explain complex patterns, such as cascading effects, maximum sustainable ecosystem yield, and fishing down the foodweb. The utility of the TL-based approach as a practical tool for determining fishing impacts in specific ecosystems is illustrated using the Guinean ecosystem as a case study, showing how current fishing effort levels led to full exploitation of higher TLs, confirming and generalizing previous single-species assessment results. Finally, catch trophic spectrum analysis is presented to show that it provides reliable biomass estimates when catches per TL and primary production are known.

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12

Nakajima, Mitsutoshi. "Modelling and Simulation of Ecosystem". Japan journal of water pollution research 8, nr 4 (1985): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe1978.8.204.

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Guseynov, Sharif E., i Jekaterina V. Aleksejeva. "Mathematical Modelling of Aquatic Ecosystem". Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (16.06.2015): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2015vol3.192.

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<p class="R-AbstractKeywords"><span lang="EN-US">In present paper we consider the complete statements of initial-boundary problems for the modelling of various aspects of aqueous systems in Latvia. All the proposed models are the evolutionary models: all they are nonstationary and continuous qualitative models having the dynamic parameters and aimed at analysis, evaluation and forecast of aqueous systems (reservoirs, lakes and seas). In constructing these mathematical models as research tools classic apparatus of differential equations (both ODE and PDE) as well as apparatus of mathematical physics were used</span><span lang="EN-US">. </span></p>

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14

Hauhs, M. "Ecosystem modelling: Science or technology?" Journal of Hydrology 116, nr 1-4 (sierpień 1990): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(90)90113-c.

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Das, Saureesh, i Rashmi Bhardwaj. "Nonlinear Modelling of Competitive Ecosystem". Indian Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics 7, nr 1 (2016): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/1945-919x.2016.00002.5.

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Harfoot, Mike, i Dave Roberts. "Call for ecosystem modelling data". Nature 505, nr 7482 (styczeń 2014): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/505160a.

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Belyaev, V. I., i N. V. Konduforova. "Modelling of the shelf ecosystem". Ecological Modelling 60, nr 2 (marzec 1992): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(92)90041-c.

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Jørgensen, S. E. "Ecosystem theory and ecological modelling". Ecological Modelling 62, nr 1-3 (lipiec 1992): vii—ix. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(92)90079-t.

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Park, Young-Seuk, Christophe Baehr, Guy R. Larocque, José M. Sánchez-Pérez i Sabine Sauvage. "Ecological Modelling for Ecosystem Sustainability". Ecological Modelling 306 (czerwiec 2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.04.008.

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Baretta, J. "Data needs for ecosystem modelling". ICES Journal of Marine Science 55, nr 4 (sierpień 1998): 756–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1998.0378.

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Cerrito, Patricia B. "Statistical modelling of ecosystem structure". Environmetrics 3, nr 2 (1992): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.3170030203.

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Halfon, Efraim. "The Application of Ecological Modelling to Toxic Contaminants and Ecosystem Stress". Water Quality Research Journal 24, nr 2 (1.05.1989): 323–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1989.019.

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Abstract This review analyzes the application of ecological modelling to problems concerning toxic contaminants and ecosystem stress and explains the purpose and methods of the systems ecology approach, which could be useful to individuals involved in data gathering activities. The review provides operational definitions of ecosystem stress, gives a description of methods of the systems approach and analyzes several topics of interest such as the application of expert system methods in the environmental field and methods of ranking. Recommendations are given to managers in charge of monitoring activities can benefit by interacting with systems ecologists. Four topics are analyzed in detail: 1) Ecosystem stress. To assess the impact that toxic contaminants have on ecosystems we must give an operational definition of ecosystem stress and how to observe it. 2) The purpose and methods of the systems ecology approach. 3) The application of artificial intelligent methods in the environmental field. 4) Methods of ranking.

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Jõgiste, Kalev, Lee E. Frelich, Floortje Vodde, Ahto Kangur, Marek Metslaid i John A. Stanturf. "Natural Disturbance Dynamics Analysis for Ecosystem-Based Management—FORDISMAN". Forests 11, nr 6 (11.06.2020): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060663.

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Forest ecosystems are shaped by disturbances and functional features of vegetation recovery after disturbances. There is considerable variation in basic disturbance characteristics, magnitude, severity, and intensity. Disturbance legacies provide possible explanations for ecosystem resilience. The impact (length and strength) of the pool of ecosystem legacies and how they vary at different spatial and temporal scales is a most promising line of further research. Analyses of successional trajectories, ecosystem memory, and novel ecosystems are required to improve modelling in support of forests. There is growing evidence that managing ecosystem legacies can act as a driver in adaptive management to achieve goals in forestry. Managers can adapt to climate change and new conditions through anticipatory or transformational strategies of ecosystem management. The papers presented in this Special Issue covers a wide range of topics, including the impact of herbivores, wind, and anthropogenic factors, on ecosystem resilience.

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24

Maricia Tatiane Vilani, Mariele Pinheiro, Luciana Sanches, Nara Lusa Reis de Andrade, Marcelo de Carvalho Alves i Jos de Souza Nogueira. "Modelling Net Ecosystem CO2 Exchange by Simple Tropical Ecosystem Model". Journal of Convergence Information Technology 5, nr 7 (30.09.2010): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jcit.vol5.issue7.11.

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Gordon, D. C., P. D. Keizer, G. R. Daborn, P. Schwinghamer i W. L. Silvert. "Adventures in holistic ecosystem modelling: the cumberland basin ecosystem model". Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 20, nr 2-3 (sierpień 1986): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(86)90054-2.

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Lavrenko, N. N. "Cartographical modelling of the ecological-resource potential of territory". Geobotanical mapping, nr 1996 (1997): 53–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/geobotmap/1996.53.

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The multifacetous scientific activity of Victor B. Sochava has found reflection in the numerous contributions-monographs and cartographical works issued by him and his pupils during the 70–80s. Now they are represent a base for development of modern trends of thematic mapping including ecological ones. Ecological mapping involves the spatial reflection of various natural and technogenic structures and their relationships. The cartographical modelling of territory potential is referred to this set of problems. Modelling in this aspect represents the désintégration of complex natural systems through classification and formalization into simple inner elements. Concerning the resources we have to bear in mind renewed and interconnected components of nature (forest, soil, water). This problem is subdivided into a number of tasks, namely: 1. determination of functions and characters of interconnected resources; 2. modelling of environmental and row material ecological functions of resources; 3. subdivision of space into territorial ecosystems; 4. classification, formalization, normalization and construction of the resource potential of ecosystems. System transformation of basic theoretical principles, formulated by V. Sochava, enables ecological map to design and to model various states of resource potential of territory. Solving the problem of cartographic modelling of ecological-resource potential of territory one have to seek for universal territorial ecosystem. Such unit is a drainage basin. The privilege to deal with ecosystem of water-drainage basin lays in possibility of limit determination, analysis of interconnected resources (forest, soil, water) by means of objective models or «black box» model. The new ideas appear: concrete drainage basin represents a spatialnon renewal recourse: results of management may be estimated on the ecosystem exit. At the same time theoretical and practical experience in the mapping of all nature environment and economy components can be applied to the drainage basin ecosystems.

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Raoux, A., J. Salaun, J. P. Pezy, S. Pioch i J. C. Dauvin. "Ecosystem approach of artificial reef through trophic web modelling". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1245, nr 1 (1.07.2022): 012004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1245/1/012004.

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Abstract Along the French coast of the Atlantic and English Channel in a high tidal regime, only a limited number of Artificial Reefs (ARs) had been immerged in very few localities in the aim to increase the local production of fisheries of such hard artificial substratum. Moreover, ARs design have been planned to increase the diversity, abundance and biomass of benthic species associated to hard-bottom. Does the deployment of such artificial structure improve the production and ecological functioning on such equipped areas? Trophic models describing the interaction between species at different trophic levels and based on the quantification of energy flow and matter in ecosystems are able to respond to this question. They allow the application of numerical methods for the characterization of emergent properties of the ecosystem, also called Ecological Network Analysis (ENA). Usually, these indices have been proposed as ecosystem health indicators as they have been demonstrated to be sensitive to different impacts on marine ecosystems. Here, Ecopath ecosystem models composed of 23 compartments, from phytoplankton to mammals, are built to describe the situation “Before” and “After” the implantation of ARs in two areas: the Rade of Cherbourg in the central part of the English Channel along the French coast, and in the south of the Bay of Biscay along the Landes coast. In addition, ENA indices are calculated for the two periods, “before” and “after” the implantation of artificial reefs to compare network functioning and the overall structural trophic web properties. In both areas, increase of benthic and fish compartments insure an increase of the system maturity; nevertheless, the high surge of planktinovorous fishes on the Landes AR showed a protection role of such AR than changes of planktonic preys.

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Cramer, Wolfgang. "Advanced terrestrial ecosystem analysis and modelling". Regional Environmental Change 8, nr 3 (wrzesień 2008): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-008-0063-7.

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Fleskens, Luuk, i Klaus Hubacek. "Modelling land management for ecosystem services". Regional Environmental Change 13, nr 3 (8.05.2013): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-013-0465-z.

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Costanza, Robert, i Thomas Maxwell. "Spatial ecosystem modelling using parallel processors". Ecological Modelling 58, nr 1-4 (listopad 1991): 159–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(91)90034-x.

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Caia, Margaux, Olivier Bernard i Jean-Philippe Steyer. "Modelling an Artificial Microalgae-Cyanobacteria Ecosystem". IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, nr 2 (2018): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.03.111.

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Fulton, E. A., C. M. Bulman, H. Pethybridge i S. D. Goldsworthy. "Modelling the Great Australian Bight Ecosystem". Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 157-158 (listopad 2018): 211–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.11.002.

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Dippner, Joachim W. "Future aspects in marine ecosystem modelling". Journal of Marine Systems 61, nr 3-4 (lipiec 2006): 246–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2005.06.005.

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Blackford, Jerry, Icarus Allen i Brad de Young. "Advances in marine ecosystem modelling research". Journal of Marine Systems 64, nr 1-4 (styczeń 2007): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.05.001.

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Reiss, Henning, Silvana Birchenough, Angel Borja, Lene Buhl-Mortensen, Johan Craeymeersch, Jennifer Dannheim, Alexander Darr i in. "Benthos distribution modelling and its relevance for marine ecosystem management". ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, nr 2 (19.06.2014): 297–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu107.

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Abstract Marine benthic ecosystems are difficult to monitor and assess, which is in contrast to modern ecosystem-based management requiring detailed information at all important ecological and anthropogenic impact levels. Ecosystem management needs to ensure a sustainable exploitation of marine resources as well as the protection of sensitive habitats, taking account of potential multiple-use conﬂicts and impacts over large spatial scales. The urgent need for large-scale spatial data on benthic species and communities resulted in an increasing application of distribution modelling (DM). The use of DM techniques enables to employ full spatial coverage data of environmental variables to predict benthic spatial distribution patterns. Especially, statistical DMs have opened new possibilities for ecosystem management applications, since they are straightforward and the outputs are easy to interpret and communicate. Mechanistic modelling techniques, targeting the fundamental niche of species, and Bayesian belief networks are the most promising to further improve DM performance in the marine realm. There are many actual and potential management applications of DMs in the marine benthic environment, these are (i) early warning systems for species invasion and pest control, (ii) to assess distribution probabilities of species to be protected, (iii) uses in monitoring design and spatial management frameworks (e.g. MPA designations), and (iv) establishing long-term ecosystem management measures (accounting for future climate-driven changes in the ecosystem). It is important to acknowledge also the limitations associated with DM applications in a marine management context as well as considering new areas for future DM developments. The knowledge of explanatory variables, for example, setting the basis for DM, will continue to be further developed: this includes both the abiotic (natural and anthropogenic) and the more pressing biotic (e.g. species interactions) aspects of the ecosystem. While the response variables on the other hand are often focused on species presence and some work undertaken on species abundances, it is equally important to consider, e.g. biological traits or benthic ecosystem functions in DM applications. Tools such as DMs are suitable to forecast the possible effects of climate change on benthic species distribution patterns and hence could help to steer present-day ecosystem management.

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Vagizov, Marsel, i Eugeniy Istomin. "Development of a technology for geoinformation modelling of forest ecosystems (part 2)". Geoinformatika, nr 1 (4.04.2022): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47148/1609-364x-2022-1-40-46.

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In the second part of the article the basic types of representation of different geoinformation models of forest ecosystem, possibilities of use of concrete type of models depending on tasks for the decision maker are considered. Some goals of forest geoinformation modeling are considered. This part of the article describes both the geographic information modeling process and the three types of forest ecosystem representation formed. The main tools of the process of geoinformation modeling of forest ecosystems are described and the possibilities of applying models at different levels of their representation.

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Han, Ying. "A Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis of Enterprises’ Behaviour in the Platform Ecosystem". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (3.08.2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8256091.

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With the rapid progress of digital technology and new business models’ development, the platform ecosystem has not only penetrated every sector in society but also revealed various problems. Platform governance researchers have highlighted its significance, but failed to adequately consider ecosystem participants’ behaviour. This paper aims to explore platform governance’s effects on enterprises’ behaviour in a multiorganisational platform ecosystem context. The tripartite evolutionary game is chosen to construct a mathematical model that integrates the government, platform organisation, and internal enterprises to analyse formal and informal governance’s influence on enterprises’ behaviour in the platform ecosystem. It was discovered that both formal and informal governance can decrease internal enterprises’ opportunistic behaviours. Furthermore, formal governance has stronger effects than informal governance, although informal governance’s effects are more stable. Additionally, self-organisation in the platform ecosystem is another important area of focus. This paper enriches an understanding of platform ecosystems while formulating insights relevant in using platform governance to develop small and medium-sized enterprises.

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Yang, Yingnan, Yidan Zhang i Hongming Xie. "Exploring Cultivation Path of Building Information Modelling in China: An Analysis from the Perspective of an Innovation Ecosystem". Sustainability 12, nr 17 (25.08.2020): 6902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176902.

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Ecosystem theory provides a new perspective for studying the development of the architecture engineering and construction (AEC) industry in the age of information and communication technology (ICT). As an extremely ICT innovation, building information modelling (BIM) not only brings technical benefits to the AEC industry, but changes the innovation paradigm of the AEC industry towards an innovation ecosystem, which improve productivity and sustainability throughout the project life cycle. This article contributes to innovation ecosystem theory by exploring the structure of the BIM ecosystem and deriving its cultivation path. Then, as the leading city in China for developing BIM technologies, Shanghai was selected as the case study to elaborate on the cultivation path of the BIM ecosystem. The results indicate that three layers identified in the structure contribute to the understanding of the boundaries, units, and analytical focus of the BIM ecosystem, with the BIM platform being the core layer. This topology structure, with the BIM platform as the hub, promotes interdependency and symbiosis among participants in the cultivation of the BIM ecosystem, supporting the birth, expansion, maturity, re-innovation (or extinction), and sustainable development of the BIM ecosystem. This research complements and extends literature on the BIM ecosystem, and provides implications as to the construction, cultivation, and sustainability of BIM ecosystems for emerging economy firms.

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Gaucherel, C., H. Théro, A. Puiseux i V. Bonhomme. "Understand ecosystem regime shifts by modelling ecosystem development using Boolean networks". Ecological Complexity 31 (wrzesień 2017): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2017.06.001.

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Harrison, Sandy P., I. Colin Prentice, Keith J. Bloomfield, Ning Dong, Matthias Forkel, Matthew Forrest, Ramesh K. Ningthoujam i in. "Understanding and modelling wildfire regimes: an ecological perspective". Environmental Research Letters 16, nr 12 (1.12.2021): 125008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac39be.

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Abstract Recent extreme wildfire seasons in several regions have been associated with exceptionally hot, dry conditions, made more probable by climate change. Much research has focused on extreme fire weather and its drivers, but natural wildfire regimes—and their interactions with human activities—are far from being comprehensively understood. There is a lack of clarity about the ‘causes’ of wildfire, and about how ecosystems could be managed for the co-existence of wildfire and people. We present evidence supporting an ecosystem-centred framework for improved understanding and modelling of wildfire. Wildfire has a long geological history and is a pervasive natural process in contemporary plant communities. In some biomes, wildfire would be more frequent without human settlement; in others they would be unchanged or less frequent. A world without fire would have greater forest cover, especially in present-day savannas. Many species would be missing, because fire regimes have co-evolved with plant traits that resist, adapt to or promote wildfire. Certain plant traits are favoured by different fire frequencies, and may be missing in ecosystems that are normally fire-free. For example, post-fire resprouting is more common among woody plants in high-frequency fire regimes than where fire is infrequent. The impact of habitat fragmentation on wildfire crucially depends on whether the ecosystem is fire-adapted. In normally fire-free ecosystems, fragmentation facilitates wildfire starts and is detrimental to biodiversity. In fire-adapted ecosystems, fragmentation inhibits fires from spreading and fire suppression is detrimental to biodiversity. This interpretation explains observed, counterintuitive patterns of spatial correlation between wildfire and potential ignition sources. Lightning correlates positively with burnt area only in open ecosystems with frequent fire. Human population correlates positively with burnt area only in densely forested regions. Models for vegetation-fire interactions must be informed by insights from fire ecology to make credible future projections in a changing climate.

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Fulton, Elizabeth A., Anthony D. M. Smith i Craig R. Johnson. "Biogeochemical marine ecosystem models I: IGBEM—a model of marine bay ecosystems". Ecological Modelling 174, nr 3 (maj 2004): 267–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2003.09.027.

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Bendoricchio, Giuseppe, i Luca Palmeri. "Quo vadis ecosystem?" Ecological Modelling 184, nr 1 (maj 2005): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.11.005.

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Murawski, Steven A., John H. Steele, Phillip Taylor, Michael J. Fogarty, Michael P. Sissenwine, Michael Ford i Cynthia Suchman. "Why compare marine ecosystems?" ICES Journal of Marine Science 67, nr 1 (30.08.2009): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsp221.

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Abstract Murawski, S. A., Steele, J. H., Taylor, P., Fogarty, M. J., Sissenwine, M. P., Ford, M., and Suchman, C. 2010. Why compare marine ecosystems? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1–9. Effective marine ecosystem-based management (EBM) requires understanding the key processes and relationships controlling the aspects of biodiversity, productivity, and resilience to perturbations. Unfortunately, the scales, complexity, and non-linear dynamics that characterize marine ecosystems often confound managing for these properties. Nevertheless, scientifically derived decision-support tools (DSTs) are needed to account for impacts resulting from a variety of simultaneous human activities. Three possible methodologies for revealing mechanisms necessary to develop DSTs for EBM are: (i) controlled experimentation, (ii) iterative programmes of observation and modelling (“learning by doing”), and (iii) comparative ecosystem analysis. We have seen that controlled experiments are limited in capturing the complexity necessary to develop models of marine ecosystem dynamics with sufficient realism at appropriate scales. Iterative programmes of observation, model building, and assessment are useful for specific ecosystem issues but rarely lead to generally transferable products. Comparative ecosystem analyses may be the most effective, building on the first two by inferring ecosystem processes based on comparisons and contrasts of ecosystem response to human-induced factors. We propose a hierarchical system of ecosystem comparisons to include within-ecosystem comparisons (utilizing temporal and spatial changes in relation to human activities), within-ecosystem-type comparisons (e.g. coral reefs, temperate continental shelves, upwelling areas), and cross-ecosystem-type comparisons (e.g. coral reefs vs. boreal, terrestrial vs. marine ecosystems). Such a hierarchical comparative approach should lead to better understanding of the processes controlling biodiversity, productivity, and the resilience of marine ecosystems. In turn, better understanding of these processes will lead to the development of increasingly general laws, hypotheses, functional forms, governing equations, and broad interpretations of ecosystem responses to human activities, ultimately improving DSTs in support of EBM.

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Lucas, Neil S., i Paul J. Curran. "Forest ecosystem simulation modelling: the role of remote sensing". Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 23, nr 3 (wrzesień 1999): 391–423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339902300304.

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In recent years forest ecosystems have come under increasing pressure from environmental changes such as global warming and the impacts of pollution. Recent research has indicated that computer-simulation models driven by remotely sensed estimates of key variables may be used to assess the spatial impact of global environment changes on forest processes. This article begins with a discussion of key issues related to driving such models with remotely sensed estimates of these key variables. The article then outlines an investigation that examined whether a general ecosystem simulation model (FOREST-BGC), driven by remotely sensed and meteorological data, could be used to estimate forest processes for a Sitka spruce ( Picea sitchensis) plantation in mid-Wales.

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Semenov, M. Yu, M. N. Kicherova i I. S. Trifonova. "Adult education ecosystem: Terminological field and interdisciplinary thesaurus modelling". Education and science journal 26, nr 3 (13.03.2024): 12–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2024-3-12-39.

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Introduction. The relevance of the study is provoked by the rapid expansion of the educational environment, the emergence of new actors and educational service providers, which indicate changes in the institutional landscape of adult education and the development of educational ecosystems. Both in the world and in Russia, there is a growing demand for bridging the qualification gap and retraining a significant part of adults. Therefore, a comprehensive study of continuing adult education, including formal and informal education, that is inseparable from the demands of the platform economy, is becoming extremely important. There is a tendency to transform the idea of an educational ecosystem for lifelong adult learning into a well-thought-out educational policy. However, the problem is that the scientific and methodological substantiation of the ecosystem approach and the subsequent development of managerial work to develop the quality of human capital education are impossible without a unified terminological language of description.Aim. The article is aimed at theoretical substantiation of the terminological field and interdisciplinary thesaurus modelling of the adult education ecosystem.Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis is framed by evolutionary, systematic and interdisciplinary approaches to analyse adult education with regard to complex socio-economic and digital transformations. Using theoretical methods, such as critical, conceptual, comparative, thematic content analysis of Russian and foreign publications, the authors described the categorical field of the problem under investigation.Results. The authors have found that the conceptual and terminological field of the adult education ecosystem is shaped at the intersection of four disciplinary areas (ecology, economy, education, digital technologies). Based on the results, the authors identified the concepts and categories that reveal the processes in adult education; and proposed the idea of an interdisciplinary thesaurus and its conceptual model. Using the developed thesaurus, the authors gave a theoretical explanation for new phenomena and processes in adult education, carried out comparative analysis of the ecosystem with the traditional system of adult education. The authors define the adult education ecosystem as an open multidimensional self-regulating educational environment, where different types of education (formal, informal, corporate training) integrate via modern digital tools, providing symbiosis and co-evolution of participants, new patterns of links aimed at making a valuable offer for learners.Scientific novelty. For the first time, the idea and model of the interdisciplinary thesaurus have been proposed to describe transformation processes in adult education; the concept of “adult education ecosystem” has been revealed; the peculiarities of the adult education ecosystem in comparison with the traditional education system have been identified. The adult education ecosystem is explained as a theoretical construct, a socio-economic phenomenon and a management paradigm.Practical significance. The proposed thesaurus provides a unified description language that is in demand in pedagogical, managerial and scientific discourses. This is of particular importance for practitioners, designers of educational programmes, methodologists, managers, providers of various educational forms in the context of reforming the national adult education system, synchronising supply and demand in the labour market, developing tools for regulation and support of lifelong learning.

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Oluoch, Sydney, Pankaj Lal, Bernabas Wolde, Andres Susaeta, Josè R. Soto, Meghann Smith i Damian C. Adams. "Public Preferences for Longleaf Pine Restoration Programs in the Southeastern United States". Forest Science 67, nr 3 (15.04.2021): 265–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forsci/fxab008.

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Abstract Longleaf pine (LLP) (Pinus palustris Mill.) is well known for its role in supporting healthy ecosystems in the southeastern (SE) United States (US). The decline of LLP forest ecosystems has led to a consensus among stakeholders that restoration efforts are needed. However, there is still a lack of robust understanding of the utilization of nonmarket ecosystem services of LLP forests. These challenges have presented major barriers to landowner acceptance of subsidized LLP restoration programs. Understanding the tradeoffs between forest ecosystem services is critical to restoring LLP in the SE US. This study employs the best-worst choice (BWC) method to assess public preferences toward hypothetical LLP restoration programs that consider ecosystem services such as recreation, timber production, carbon sequestration, water yield, and wildlife diversity. We surveyed a representative sample of n = 953 respondents from Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and Florida, and results showed that residents in all four states are willing to pay for LLP restoration, with the highest average willingness to pay (WTP) for forest recreation ($20.39), followed by red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) conservation ($13.37) and carbon sequestration ($13.32). This research provides important public preference information on ecosystem services that is critical in forming sustainable LLP restoration programs.

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Lyashchenko, T. V., A. E. Chistyakov i A. V. Nikitina. "Pollutions Spreading Process Modelling in an Aquatic Ecosystem". Computational Mathematics and Information Technologies 7, nr 4 (3.01.2024): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2587-8999-2023-7-4-47-53.

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Introduction. Pollution of shallow waters is becoming an increasingly serious problem. It is important to study the mechanisms of pollution distribution in them to protect and restore such vulnerable ecosystems, it is necessary to develop strategies for the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly use of natural resources, minimizing the negative impact on the environment. Part of this work is the construction of a mathematical model for the spread of pollutants (in particular, phosphates) in shallow reservoirs. The aim of the work is to construct scenarios for changes in the concentration of phosphates at various parameters of the model.Materials and Methods. The phosphate transport mathematical model in a shallow reservoir is described, implemented using a modiﬁed alternating triangular iterative method to solving grid equations.Results. The developed mathematical model is numerically implemented in the form of a software module. This model is an important tool for assessing and predicting the various pollution sources impact to the water quality of ecosystems such as lakes and reservoirs.Discussion and Conclusion. The resulting model can be used to analyze various pollution scenarios, for example, to determine optimal waste management strategies and prevent pollution of water resources. In addition, the software module developed by the authors allows you to simulate the process of the phosphates concentration changing and can be useful for conducting scientiﬁc and engineering research in the aquatic ecology ﬁeld and developing eﬀective methods for adapting hydrobiocenosis to changes in the aquatic ecosystem.

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Varkey, Divya, Cameron H. Ainsworth i Tony J. Pitcher. "Modelling Reef Fish Population Responses to Fisheries Restrictions in Marine Protected Areas in the Coral Triangle". Journal of Marine Biology 2012 (2012): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/721483.

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Marine ecosystem models are used to investigate marine protected area (MPA) benefits for coral reef ecosystems located in Raja Ampat, in the heart of the Coral Triangle. Field data from an integrated and diverse research project is used to develop a spatial ecosystem model using Ecopath, Ecosim, and Ecospace modelling software. The ecological and fisheries responses of a reef ecosystem to different levels of fishing effort restrictions inside MPAs are explored. The trade-offs of allowing some fisheries to operate inside the MPAs versus designating the MPAs as no-take zones are highlighted. The results show that rapid rebuilding of reef fish populations, especially the large charismatic species, requires no-take areas. Distinct trade-offs in spillover benefits are observed between partially fished and no-take MPAs.

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Kraft, Philipp, Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei, Lutz Breuer, Frank Ewert, André Große-Stoltenberg, Till Kleinebecker, Diana-Maria Seserman i Claas Nendel. "Modelling Agroforestry’s Contributions to People—A Review of Available Models". Agronomy 11, nr 11 (20.10.2021): 2106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112106.

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Climate change, increasing environmental pollution, continuous loss of biodiversity, and a growing human population with increasing food demand, threaten the functioning of agro-ecosystems and their contribution to people and society. Agroforestry systems promise a number of benefits to enhance nature’s contributions to people. There are a wide range of agroforestry systems implemented representing different levels of establishment across the globe. This range and the long time periods for the establishment of these systems make empirical assessments of impacts on ecosystem functions difficult. In this study we investigate how simulation models can help to assess and predict the role of agroforestry in nature’s contributions. The review of existing models to simulate agroforestry systems reveals that most models predict mainly biomass production and yield. Regulating ecosystem services are mostly considered as a means for the assessment of yield only. Generic agroecosystem models with agroforestry extensions provide a broader scope, but the interaction between trees and crops is often addressed in a simplistic way. The application of existing models for agroforestry systems is particularly hindered by issues related to code structure, licences or availability. Therefore, we call for a community effort to connect existing agroforestry models with ecosystem effect models towards an open-source, multi-effect agroforestry modelling framework.

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Xu, Fu-Liu, Zhen-Yan Zhao, Wei Zhan, Shan-Shan Zhao, R. W. Dawson i Shu Tao. "An ecosystem health index methodology (EHIM) for lake ecosystem health assessment". Ecological Modelling 188, nr 2-4 (listopad 2005): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.01.058.

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