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Fournet, Patrice. "La transition économique chinoise : Evolution du rôle économique de l'Etat depuis 1978-". Nice, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NICE0066.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuring the last two decades, China has been through fundamental changes. Its new development strategy and economic reforms programme have meant a transition from an unbalanced growth, dominated by heavy industry, to a more harmonious growth, with the ultimate aim being to lead the socialist economic market to its next triumph. This transition from a centrally controlled economy to an operating system including the market and planning requires a major role from the authorities. A review of the state's economic role within this process highlights the fact that China must improve socialist mechanisms in the market, reinforce macroeconomic controls, master inflation and reform public companies by opening to the outside world. This is the only way for China to again become, ‘The Middle Empire'
Cencetti, Elisa. "Des bergers sans troupeau : les nouveaux nomades de l’économie socialiste de marché en Amdo-Qinghai (RPC)". Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0550.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince the end of the 1980s, within the framework of national-level environmental protection and regional development policies, the PRC authorities have implemented new programs and plans aimed at the management and control of Amdo-qinghai territory and its inhabitants - Tibetan herders. One of these projects has been the relocation of Tibetan herders into new settlements close to townships and principal roads. This project has a dual objective: to both protect the natural environment of the Tibetan Plateau and to control the mobile population of herders by gathering them into these peri-urban zones. In addition, the relocation projects is also aimed at improving the living conditions of Tibetan herders and at regional economic development. My Ph. D dissertation analyzes three issues related to the relocations of herders into the new settlements. Firstly, it examines politico-territorial transformations and changes in the relationship between people and their living environment. Secondly, it analyzes the changes to the economic system of relocated herdres and their ngotiation of the new production system resulting from the development of a socialist market economy. Finally, it reveals a new nomadism amongst Tibetan herders relocated into the new settlements, as they struggle to provide for their families in this new economic and political environment
Huang, Ying. "La politique de l'enseignement supérieur en Chine et la longue marche vers le développement : du défi de la révolution au défi du nouveau millénaire". Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080767.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe sector of higher education, and particularly the university is always a place of ideas, movements ans also conflicts. It provides us a very complicated field to observe. China enters entirely in to this case. Chinese higher education is tied closely to the political, economic and social life fo the society. The realization of the modernization is dependent of the development of the education and of the educationnal reform undertaken since more than ten years. Consequently, chinese government accords a very important consideration to this education that became in fact a political stake for china's futur
Huang, Yuchen. "Meritocracy and Redistribution". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0022.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis PhD dissertation studies the relationship between belief in meritocracy and demand for redistribution with survey and experimental data and with a particular focus on China. Specifically, the dissertation revisits a commonly used assumption in the literature which equates the differences in results due to effort or personal responsibility with fairness and un-redistributability, and those due to circumstances or luck with unfairness and demand for redistribution.In the first chapter I use cross-national survey data to explore whether the assumption of meritocratic preference hold across the world. I found that that such preferences these preferences are mainly, if not only, found in Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) countries, especially Anglo-Saxon and Protestant European natiions. A positive correlation between belief in the role of effort in success and demand for redistribution is widespread in countries outside of the western developed world, where the more one believes that effort pays off, the more he or she desires redistribution.The second chapter, co-authored with Yuqian Nora Chen and Zhexun Mo, is a survey experiment with a representative sample of China citizens which shows that the respondents significantly reduces their demand for redistribution when they see examples of people getting rich via non-meritocratic ways that are representative of the market transition period. A subsidiary survey further confirms that the respondents do not understand these examples as signs of personal ability or governmental inefficiency. We conclude that those examples representing the lucky few in the transition process enjoy a high legitimacy among the Chinese respondents for two potential reasons: relative fairness compared to pre-reform politically manufactured inequality and a self-interest motivation for the whole population to justify the gain in the transition process.The third chapter, co-authored with Margot Belguise and Zhexun Mo, discusses one of the potential reasons of such preference, at least in the case of China: a strong status quo conformity. We revisit a recent experimental result by Almås et al. (2021) where the Chinese people appear to not differentiate between merit- and luck-based inequalities. We propose that this phenomenon might be due to the Chinese public’s greater adherence towards the status quo which lead to a seemingly low preference for redistribution both when inequality is due to effort and due to luck. In order to test this hypothesis, we run an incentivized redistribution experiment with elite university students in China and France, by varying the initial split of payoffs between two real-life workers to redistribute from. We show that Chinese respondents consistently and significantly choose more non- redistribution (playing the status quo) across both highly unequal and relatively equal status quo scenarios than our French respondents; and that the Chinese respondents who move away from status quo do differentiate between merit- and luck-based inequalities. Notably, our findings show that Chinese individuals’ conformity to the status quo is particularly pronounced among those from families of working-class and farming backgrounds, while it is conspicuously absent among individuals whose families have closer ties to the private sector
Hui, Wan-Sze. "Économie de marché socialiste et réforme industrielle dans la Chine de l'ère Deng de 1978 à 1997". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2001. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00550602.
Pełny tekst źródłaPino, Angel. "Des salaires et de la répartition comme indicateurs des transformations sociales en Chine populaire : 1949-1989". Paris 13, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA131003.
Pełny tekst źródłaWatterloo, Jacques. "Réforme de l'emploi et évolution de la protection sociale en Chine de 1978 à 2008 : les droits des travailleurs dans une économie socialiste de marché". Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30072.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith the spectacular development of China, this research tries to see social protection as the central element of subject. This study of the Chinese market of work, through great tranformation of institutions allow us to bring out the precocity of work, and the lock of social protection which benefits to the worker but this protection does not limit to redundancy payment, disease compensation and retirement compensation, it is also to envisage the organisation of health, education and housing services which until now are given by public enterprises, moreover, the analysis imbalance inland market shows the rural migrations reasons in China and their consequences in rich countries and cities. New laws on work contracts, on societies and on bankruptcy, and the application of new rules of work, condition a certain workers protection. But the employment uncertainty, a social limited, the disinterest for rural people, speculation abuses, the corruption and every accident incite irremediably a social break and the rise of manifestations that worry the Chinese managers. It is also essential to develop the inland work, to extend gradually the social protection to the whole country, to reform pensions, to expand the insurances and to give it to everyone. Workers protection is also to establish an affective system of enterprise government and to enforce laws which governs them, the stability of firms its an employment security and a quality of life for Chinese workers
Hui, Wan-Sze. ""Economie des marchés socialiste" et réforme industrielle dans la Chine de l'ère Deng de 1978 à1997". Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP2310.
Pełny tekst źródłaBloch, Hélène. "Nourrir la vie (yangsheng) au Mont Qingcheng : lieux saints, communautés taoïstes et pratiques d'ascèse dans l'émergence d'un marché de la longévité autour du dieu médecin Yaowang Sun Simiao (Sichuan, Chine populaire)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2023. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2023/2023PA100143/2023PA100143.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study examines the mutations of a famous Daoist mountain, Mount Qingcheng in Sichuan Province (Southwest PRC), facing the reconfigurations of its economy. Its starting point lies in the trading of longevity knowledge and techniques referred to as "nourishing life" (yangsheng 养生). Yangsheng is a fundamental notion of the Daoist ascetic quest for immortality, and the recuperation of the cultivation methods it entails is typical of the commodification of religions as supervised by the Chinese state since the 1980s. Based on ethnographic surveys and analyses of written sources (local monographs, grey literature, collections of legends, Daoist hagiographies), this study defines the transformations of Mount Qingcheng as a sacred territory and a home for religious communities. Mt. Qingcheng is simultaneously patronized as a pilgrimage space, a heritage site and a Daoist monastic center. First, I outline the religious and social boundaries of the Qingcheng sacred site that came through the Cultural Revolution, and the Sichuan earthquake. Secondly, the issue of longevity practices leads me to dwell on the temple of Medicine King Sun Simiao (Yaowang Sun Simiao 药王孙思邈), a divinized physician from the 7th century. Formerly a village sanctuary, the Yaowang Temple was recently integrated to Daoist Mount Qingcheng. It is now at the heart of the "yangsheng industry" (yangsheng chanye 养生产业), an economic mega-trend developed by regional authorities since 2015. Yaowang Sun Simiao is thus becoming the tutelary figure of a new longevity market, and its temple a telling example of the complex interrelations of economy, religion, politics and society in contemporary China
Zhang, Qi. "L'adaptation des entreprises d'état chinoises à l'ouverture économique : conditions institutionnelles et adaptations stratégiques". Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50374-2007-Zhang.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWu, Jianan. "Le contrôle des concentrations en Chine : un cheminement sinueux vers l'établissement d'un marché de pleine concurrence". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1013.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe merger control system, one of the essential pillars of competition law, is intended to preserve an effective competition in a given market, via a prerequisite administrative control by the competition authority, for all the qualified merger activities projected by the relevant enterprises. This legal mechanism is conceived for being open, anticipant and dynamic of functioning of the market economy, the actual economic system operating in the context of an international economy, adopted by the Member States being involved actively in the worldwide economic cooperation. During the Chinese economic transition and for the purpose of establishing a market of competition, the present research is extended, following the evolutionary and directive line of emergence of a favorable environment and of consolidation of the inherent legal regime for the merger control system, to study the unavoidable questions relating to the protection of an effective competition by law, in order to set up and to improve a free economy, for contemporary China. It turns out that an active engagement in the global market for the Chinese enterprises, and a cosmopolitan and pluralist spirit both for Chinese people and foreign observers, will be eventually favorable to reach to the requirement of territorial unification and centralized governance, which have always been its historical pursuit in Chinese civilization
La, Rupelle Maëlys de. "Institutions financières, migrations et inégalités en Chine". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0025.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis PhD focuses on the relationship between institutions and development, and, more specifically, on land rights and on internaI migration in China in the early 2000s. Our work deals with two main questions: is institution al reform able to transform deeply society and to have a durable impact on inequaIity ? How institutions are impacting individual decisions and therefore development? The three decades of the Maoist period aimed precisely at disrupting the intergenerational transmission of inequalities. Yet, we show that the offspring of the households which were the poorest in the 1940s have, in the ear1y twenty-first century, less access to land and education than others. In rare areas, where revolution has benefited from additional resources and that the Long March path identifies, we observe a reverse pattern: the sons of the former poor peasants rely on a bigger amount of land than others. As access to land and education proves to be persistent, migration has an important role to play in developing the countryside. However, migration is heavily constrained by a set of institutions. The household registration system, or Hukou, land rights, birth control are making a definitive settlement in urban areas extremely difficult. We show how land rights insecurity, jeopardizing the main asset of rural households, and family planning policies, reducing family size, and thus resources to cope with agricultural needs, shorten migration duration
Yeh, Chi-Jen. "Entrée, I. D. E. Et dynamique de marché dans la perspective de l'économie géographique : le cas de l'industrie manufacturière taïwanaise". Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0652.
Pełny tekst źródłaNos études ne sont pas destinées à contribuer à des théories de l'économie. Nous avons documenté immenses cohortes des entreprises industrielles se déplacent d'une région vers une autre région à travers des études statistiques contenant un grand nombre d'entreprises et des modèles statistiques qui sont spécifiquement conçus pour les études. Cette série d'études caractérise un processus de grande échelle de la sortie des entreprises et de l'IED dans le secteur manufacturier de Taïwan et les considérations stratégiques des entreprises. Avec à l'esprit les milieux historiques et économiques étaient, d'abord, l'ouverture de la Chine sur le monde dans le processus de mondialisation et, deuxièmement, les échanges et les investissements entre Taïwan et la Chine dans le processus d'intégration régionale de l'Asie de l'Est. Pour résumer, trois implications significatives peuvent être tirées de cette série d'études: Premièrement, des activités d'entrée et de sortie devrait être étudiée dans une portée d’économie ouverte. Deuxièmement, exiters pourrait être les investisseurs d'IED importants et de ne pas être nécessairement les échecs de fait. L'échelle de production ne peut pas être aussi importante que la sagesse conventionnelle serait indiquer dans la discussion de l'IED. Dernièrement, en aucun cas minimum, les changements dans la structure industrielle ainsi que dans la structure économique peuvent étudier plus appropriés dans la perspective de la Géographie Économique
Seydi, Lansana. "Le commerce international de la Chine et du Brésil après l’ouverture du marché : La voie vers le développement ?" Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030014.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis analyzes the application of the theory of international trade in emerging countries of Asia and Latin America in particular in China and Brazil, in a process of globalization. This policy is done differently in China and Brazil in relation to regional and national, sometimes related to the comparative advantages of each country, leading one or the other, to adopt a policy based on export of low technological content [primary products], as is the case of Brazil. This primarization of Brazilian industry compared to that of China’s original interest rate policy very high in Brazil and China. The valuation of the Brazilian currency against the dollar affects its industry and is not conducive to the competitiveness of goods exported to the world market, thereby encouraging the entry of speculative capital inflows [not productive]. Although there is an improvement in macroeconomic indicators the Brazilian currency remains very valued against the dollar while the Chinese currency is valued very little. The empirical results obtained in this thesis indicate that China exports more goods to technology-and that Brazil has a higher opening
Boutonnet, Thomas. "VERS UNE « SOCIÉTÉ HARMONIEUSE » DE CONSOMMATION ? Discours et spectacle de l'harmonie sociale dans la construction d'une Chine “civilisée” (1978-2008)". Phd thesis, Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_boutonnet_t.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaChinese society in the beginning of this twenty-first century is undermined by growing socioeconomic and regional inequalities, as China has been disrupted by the reforms launched by Deng Xiaoping since 1978, by the transition from a planned economy to a market economy and by the expansion of a mass consumer society. The discourse of " harmonious society " (hexie shehui), an official program introduced by President Hu Jintao in 2005, took place in this particular context to pacify social unrests. This dissertation aims to dismantle the strategies used by the " harmonious society " and to reveal that this discourse advocates social harmony not by resolving social inequities but by accepting them. Hexie shehui is part of a larger and earlier civilizing process of Chinese underprivileged population, since it appears to be a tool to control and discipline the poor and offers ethics response to social issues. We will see, finally, how this " harmonious society " also targets to design a spectacular “civilised” China and the way this spectacle is the core of this program
Han, Junyu. "L'évolution historique de la politique monétaire chinoise". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED009.
Pełny tekst źródłaOver the past six decades, China has experienced an institutional change from a planned to a market economy. During the same period, an in-depth change in the instruments and implementation of China’s monetary policy has occurred. However, until now, China’s monetary policy retains considerable differences compared with that of developed market economies. During the planned economy period, China adopted a mono-banking system and a highly centralized credit management system. Under a mono-banking system, the People’s Bank of China (PBC) could directly control the issuance volumes of cash and bank transfers by means of the cash plan and the credit plan to adjust monetary aggregates. During the economic transition period, China gradually abandoned the mono-banking system. However, the PBC still did not become a truly independent central bank because it retained part of its direct financing operations in support of non-financial agents’ development. Although the PBC began to employ indirect levers to adjust monetary dynamics, it continued to implement the monetary policy principally by means of direct adjustment instruments. Since China’s accession into wider economic reforms in 1994, a truly independent central banking system was established and eventually improved in 1998. The PBC has exclusively exercised the functions of a central bank and implemented its monetary policy principally by means of indirect adjustment instruments; however, it did not fully abandon the use of direct administrative controls over credit aggregates. Out of fear for rising financial leverage and high indebtedness (in particular of non-financial corporations), since 2014 China’s monetary authority gradually enhanced the monitoring of shadow banking activities, and thereby the centralization and effectiveness of monetary policy
Chevalérias, Philippe. "La marche des firmes taiwanaises vers le continent chinois : 1987-1997". Paris, INALCO, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAL0001.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe paths taken by Taiwanese firms on the road to the Chinese Mainland have often been circuitous ones. This movement dates back to 1987 when the Nationalist government decided to relax restrictions on capital flows and to allow the island's citizens to visit their relatives on the Mainland. But it is also part of an overall trend, the development of Taiwan's economy. Furthermore, it occurred in a very special context, that of political opposition between Taipei and Peking. This resulted in two major consequences. Firstly, Taiwanese businessmen have always been trying to invest across the Strait without the knowledge of the island's authorities. Secondly, they have found themselves trapped in a political game the stakes of which sometimes outstrip their concern about the rise in production costs in Taiwan and the capture of new markets abroad. The first part of the thesis tries not only to specify the context in which Taiwanese investments on the Mainland expanded, but also to show the political and economic issues at stake. The second part focuses on the logic that pushes Taiwanese firms towards the Chinese Mainland. The third part on the one hand emphasizes the characteristics of Taiwanese firms, examining their investment strategies and their behaviour on the Mainland, and on the other hand attempts to ascertain the factors exerting an influence on the future of Taiwanese investments across the Strait
Tong, Xuheng. "L'environnement institutionnel influence-t-il le rôle, la stratégie et l'impact des agences de notation financières ? Application à la Chine et éléments de comparaison avec l’Europe". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0196.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this Ph.D. thesis, we aim to contribute to the entire research on CRAs, with theoretical, conceptual and empirical aspects. We used the New-institutionalism as a theoretical frame of reference to justify the importance to have a good understanding of Chinese institutional characteristics. Chinese State-capitalism and Socialist-market economics, along with the interaction of CRAs with regulators, issuers and investors are devoted to setting the stage. We implemented various methodological approaches that seemed the most appropriate, on the sample that the most suitable, according to each of the objectives that we set, to better comprehend CRAs’ role, strategy and impact, under Chinese market context.Firstly, we found that CRAs were not expected to play “their main role” in assessing the credit default risk for market investment in China, as they are usually assigned to do so in Europe, and other developed countries. After running the frequency test, to register the words most used in the written regulatory and normative documents, we concluded that the expectation of roles of CRAs was also different in Continental China and in Hong Kong. At the expectation of issuers, CRAs also seem to play a role in rating “shopping”, in split rating, and even in rating inflation. Investors are very cautious to the multiple ratings. Secondly, by using logistic models, we found that global CRAs tend to rate more strictly than local CRAs, ceteris paribus. We also realized that the strategical behaviors of Chinese local CRAs are distinctive one from the other, when we studied the determinants “behind” initial issuer ratings. These findings confirmed the preliminary quantitative tests that we executed on the descriptive data. Thirdly, we failed to find informative impact of credit rating changes on the stock market, through a classic event study relying on the market model. Even if we refined the methodology by completing GARCH to OLS estimation model, and non-parametric tests to parametric tests, we only found significant outcomes in some subsamples, and for negative watch-lists.In the end, the analyses we led and the findings we reported from each of these empirical chapters have contributed to enrich, in return, our discussion of Chinese institutional characteristics
Cristiani, d'Ornano Isabelle. "L'économie politique du processus de libéralisation financière en Chine". Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0066.
Pełny tekst źródłaZhang, Yunchang. "Investissement étranger et développement en économie ouverte : le cas de la Chine". Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100080.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince the beginning year of the 1990s, inflows of foreign investment to developing countries have increased rapidly. As a developing country as China has collected a mass foreign investment, particularly foreign direct investment due to the economic reform which orients the country to a market economy. A developing country can profit from the foreign investment, because it can relieve the difficulties of capital shortage, stimulate a rapid growth of its economy, improve the living standards of its people and raise the competitiveness of their firms either in domestic markets or in international markets. Nevertheless, some foreign investments may take some negative effects to the economy of a host country. . .
Le, Pape Nicolas. "Decision d'endettement et comportement de marche des firmes industrielles". Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN0543.
Pełny tekst źródłaChin, Véronique. "La modernisation de l'agriculture chinoise : le cas des filières d'élevage : économie paysanne et dynamiques industrielles". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0099.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study examines the modernization processes of Chinese agriculture since 1980 with a special focus on swine and poultry industries. Emerging production systems and development factors are studied through field studies in Guangdong province. When typical development patterns appeared in the poultry industry, the swine industry shows a different development path with small size family productions staying predominant. These small size productions result from land policy, rural underemployment and markets instabilities. In addition to animal husbandry, this study shows how small farms, with peasant roots, had remarkably adapted and evolved through multiple paths. As such, they allow a better understanding of the specific constraints of China's agricultural and food industries, as well as show that there is not only one way to economic development
Hong, Ying. "Market competitions and operating mechanism of China online video content market based on the two-sided market theory". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010006.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe appearance and following flourish of online video content have changed the Internet environment and media ecology of information era, which even become part of our life every day. However, the development of online video content industry is persecuted by several problems, such as lower advertising value, lack of profitability and constant copyright disputes. Specific research on the revenue modes of online video content platform and the operating mechanism of online video content market is essential.I conduct a detailed description for present China’s online video content market at first and then analyze the market characteristics using two-sided market theory. Next the thesis examines the exiting price modes, constructs a model of two-sided vertically differentiated markets, and explore the optimal pricing strategy under the different modes and the optimal choice of pricing mode. Then the thesis constructs a horizontal differentiated model of market competition under the different accessing choices of advertisers. The thesis intensively explores the transaction mode and business behavior between content providers and content platform on the accessing ways and market equilibrium.The dissertation conducts a detailed description of the revenue and operation mechanism for online video content industry based on the theory of two-sided markets and the characteristics of this emerging fresh industry. According to the analysis results concluded by the mathematical modeling, corresponding policy suggestions confirming to the online video content market with Chinese characteristics would be proposed from the perspectives of platform operation and whole industry
PAN, YIAOJUAN. "Les societes industrielles d'administration en chine". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010280.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe administrative industrial companies are very particular bodies. Aswelle as being economic entities endowed with legal status, whose activities are mainly industrial and commercial, they are also organizations who, in the name of the state, administrate the industrial economy. This multi-purpose role mains that the administrative industrial companies are very bureacratic in nature, the direct opposite to what private industrial companies, in the true sense, should be. This, of course, does not helf towards the development of a free national economy and the economic reform. Consequently, the administrative industrial companies must be reformed
Tehrani, Saghi. "Les stratégies de pénétration du marché chinois par les entreprises étrangères : après les réformes de 1978". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010002.
Pełny tekst źródłaChina initiated its reform process in 1978. While maintaining the overall framework of predominant public ownership, china adopted a policy of opening up trade and investment links with the rest of the world. China has unquastionably made considerable progress in reforming its economy but china's economy is still prone to sharp ups and downs. Human rights abuses, political uncertainties, a get rich - quick mentality, corruption, the lack of legal procedures. . . , all these and more raise caution and great obstacles for foreign businesses. How far china would go with its "open up" strategy and what are the implications for the futur investment strategy?
HUANG, XI YUN. "Qu'est-ce que la litterature francaise en chine - la longue marche d'un critique chinois contemporain". Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070008.
Pełny tekst źródłaTsai, Jacqueline. "Quelles formes de luxe pour quelles Chines : Hong Kong ou Shanghai ? (1842-1997)". Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040108.
Pełny tekst źródłaSime, Jean-Marie. "De l'offre et de la demande de developpement a l'equilibre de marche". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996VERS0050.
Pełny tekst źródłaPang, Baifan. "Le rôle des marchés de change du renminbi (yuan) à l'étranger dans le processus d'internationalisation de la monnaie chinoise". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0056.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince 1978, compared to other economic reforms, the Chinese government has carefully controlled the opening pace of capital markets. In 2009, the internationalization of the renminbi was launched by a series of tests of the use of the renminbi in international exchanges and international finance. Before that year, China, the world's second largest economy and the world's largest exporter, still traded with the rest of the world in US dollars.During last years, thanks to the integration of China into world trade and the government's efforts to encourage the share of renminbi trading in international business transactions, the use of Chinese currency by the different economic actors has continued to grow. But obstacles prevent the renminbi from becoming an international currency, especially the Chinese financial markets that are not open enough and developed. In order to promote the renminbi as one of the world's reference currencies, China has multiplied offshore renminbi processing centers, particularly in Hong Kong, London, Paris, etc. As a result, the renminbi has foreigner (the renminbi in foreign countrys) has reached a certain scale of circulation. For China, establishing these offshore market is a pragmatic choice for the internationalization of the renminbi. Thus what is the role of these renminbi exchange markets in the process of the internationalization of the Chinese currency?
Vendryes, Thomas. "Insécurité foncière et contrôles migratoires en Chine : un changement structurel sous contrainte". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0021.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation deals with the development of the Chinese countryside during the "reform and opening" era, and more specifically, with the consequences of the two main institutional remains of the collectivist period which have lasted despite, in rural areas, despite the general dynamic of liberalization of the Chine se economy: the collective ownership of land and the controls on internal migrations. These two characteristics of the Chinese development are the topics of very lively debates in the People's Republic, debates which rejoin general issues in developing countries, the ones of the definition of institutional arrangements over agricultural soils, and of the management of internal migration flows. It is shown that land rights insecurity acts as a constraint on rural households' migration decisions, but also that, symmetrically, the persistence of collective reallocations of land can manifest the interests, not only of village cadres, but also of villagers themselves. It is also shown that the constraints on the migration decisions of rural citizens, through the "household registration system" (hukou), which practically pre vents them from definitively settling down in urban areas, could explain part of the very high saving rate in China, and so hastens the development of the Chinese countryside
Lladser, Antinéa. "Système financier et croissance endogène : une application à l'économie chinoise". Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100085.
Pełny tekst źródłaMa, Jianfeng. "Analyse évolutionniste de la globalisation de la R&D des firmes multinationales. Analyse théorique et application au cas de la Chine". Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100104.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the globalization of the R&D of multinational firms within a framework of evolutionary economics. The research tackles theoretical and empirical questions related to the determinants of this new globalization and the correspondences existing between them. The first part is an evolutionary theoretical analysis of firm, of process innovation and of environment of innovation for firms. Theoretically, the analysis gives off two different natures of determinants of overseas R&D activities by multinational firms. The second part is devoted to an empirical study with methods of factor analysis of data. This part aims to highlight the correspondence of the determinants and to identify the influences of determinants associated on the characteristics of multinational firm’s abroad research centers
Rojas, Silva Belén. "La marche de l'inquiétude : de jeunes Chiliens à Paris". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB175/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe main objective of this research is to understand the potential of mobility to empower transformation process within the individuals. In other words, this PhD thesis is a research on the possibilities of migrants to become subjects in motion or "nomads" (Maffesoli, 1997, 2001; Braidotti, 2004, 2011). On a theoretical level, firstly it integrates perspectives about the subjectivity of migrants that "denature" displacements like processes exclusively given by economic reasons and, consequently, the individualism of migrants and the assessment of the travel by itself. Secondly, it integrates insights about a subjectivity that also migrates, which, without working directly the phenomenon of migration, accompany us at the moment of thinking about the plurality of migratory motivations and ways of exercising mobility, but beyond that, they show themselves attentive to the possibilities of subjects mutations from contact with otherness and how its changes are imbricated with new forms of social ties. On a methodological level, the investigation focuses on the stories of young Chileans (men and women between 18 and 35 years, residents in the Paris area), obtained with semi-structured/in-depth interview technique. Thus, 54 interviews were conducted: 45 corresponding to our theoretical sample and 9 interviews which do not match our criteria, and we have estimated as complementary. The theoretical sample was defined according to the Chilean nationality criteria (single or as part of multiple national memberships), age (18-35 years), independence (migration apart from the family of origin) and stay in migratory destination (3 years minimum). To illustrate, and outside the framework of the criteria of the sample, we can say that this resulted in a diverse group of students, students / workers and workers; 28 women and 26 men. Data processing was carried out in agreement with the proposal of "stories construction" of Barbara Biglia and Jordi Bonet-Martí (2009), which, by enhancing the knowledge located and dialogical, has enabled us to develop an exercise of multi-positioning of subjects during migration, from the consideration of the senses involved by the protagonists of the experience. Hence this research, located on the scale of daily life, focuses on immigration understandings that emerge from the encounter with the outside otherness, then on the stories of the encounter with an inner otherness through the migratory experience, and finally, the consequences of these processes in relation to the definition of belonging. Our purpose is to confront the notions about immigration of migrants themselves to traditional distinctions used to classify Migration (occupation, extension, etc.), to arrive to new understandings, sensitive to the complexity and dynamism of particulars experiences between strangers. So by taking the limits set by traditional interpretations and meanings expressed by migrants, we want to approach to migration's potentiality to enable process of transformations in the perspective of what it is possible to "becoming" individually and collectively
Bois-Laurent, Marie-Aude. "Capital humain et croissance : conditions et modalités d'émergence des marchés du travail en Chine". Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020058.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe economic growth in china is caracterised by the introduction of market mecanisms. The economic transformations stressed the rural urban desequilibrium. Population movements, which have different characteristics than in the other developping countries, are developping more and more. Our work consists to characterise the individual behaviour of migration and to study its repercussions on chinese growth. Begining with the theory of risk adversion of von neumannand morgenstern and with the xu's model (1991), our research used two different directions. First, we studied individual behaviour of migration, using the models of harris and todaro. We took into account, in a random environment, the multitude of the migration pools and the dichotomy of the different sectors on the labour market. Second, we observed the growth in china. We used, in an environment of endogenous growth, the theory of von neuman and morgenstern, the hypothetis of the probabilist models and the possibility of the multitude of migration pools
Hu, Ying. "L'impact de la distribution géographique des investissements directs étrangers sur le développement de l'économie régionale en Chine". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0164.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the end of 70s of last Century, China opened its economy and began to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). The constant inflow of FDI has been playing an important role in the fast economic growth of China. China has thus become one of the most popular investment destinations of FDI. However, the FDI is not distributed equally among the Chinese regions. Most of them have entered into the coastal region of the east. Not only the western and central regions have received much less FDI than their eastern counterpart, but also the gap in terms of economic development between the three big Chinese regions continues to grow. A research on the geographical distribution of the FDI in China could be helpful in better understanding one of the important reasons of the regionaI economic development disparity of China. This dissertation is a research of economic development of the eastern, western and central regions of China from the point of uneven distribution of the FDI with a combining of two subjects: the unbalanced distribution of FDI and the regional development in China
Bonnefond, Céline. "L'analyse des inégalités sociales et spatiales dans le processus d'émergence de la Chine". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40039/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe rapid emergence of China has been accompanied by a significant increase in inequalities, resulting in profound changes affecting both the economic and social structures of China. The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to provide a better understanding of the diversity of these transformations, by combining macro and microeconomic analyses, together with economic and sociological approaches. Firstly, this research mobilizes provincial data in order to give a general overview of the level of regional disparities and of the spatial concentration of wealth. The recent decline in regional disparities can, among other things, be explained by the existence of growth spillover effects between Chinese provinces. Subsequently, the study is supplemented by the use of household survey data. The analysis of income polarization in rural and urban areas allows to highlight some shifts in its distribution, emphasizing in particular the constitution of population clusters in intermediate income ranges. An intensive investigation on the Chinese urban middle class is thereafter conducted so as to identify its members on an income-based definition, and to underline the heterogeneity of this category regarding employment and education. Finally, based on the example of food consumption and social attitude towards body weight, the vanguard role of middle class in the nutrition transition is highlighted. To conclude, the Chinese middle class appears to be a central category to ensure the further development of China
Li, Jing. "Les implications du processus de libéralisation des taux d'intérêt en Chine". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2026.
Pełny tekst źródłaInterest rate liberalization is an important step in the processes of pricing financial products. As a necessary condition for financials reforms in China and its sustainable development, the realization of this process is of great practical importance that could optimize the allocation of financial resources, improve the efficiency of capital and enable better market functions. On this purpose, we propose a thorough review of this financial reform in Mainland China and an assessment of its potential impacts. On one side, the analytical approach aims at filling gaps in this research field on emerging countries, such as Chinese Mainland. Based on the theoretical foundations of financial liberalization, we highlight the channels through which this reform can achieve the global objectives of financial development and macroeconomic growth. Subsequently, we conduct an analysis of the current interest rates system in Mainland China, through an inventory of practices carried out as part of the interest rates liberalization reform. On the other hand, from a practical and empirical point of view, our research intends to offer a quantitative analysis of the potential impacts of interest rate liberalization on Chinese macro economical and financial system and to formulate accordingly recommendations for economic and monetary policies. We obtain a database, which contains the main factors of Chinese macro-economy, in order to establish econometric models, in particular based on cointegration equations. The results obtained from our study show that there is a reciprocal causality between interest rates and macroeconomic factors in the context of Chinese Mainland
Zhao, Yanhai. "L'insertion de la Chine dans la mondialisation, les flux d'investissements directs étrangers et la disparité économique régionale en Chine". Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771885.
Pełny tekst źródłaHering, Laura. "L' économie géographique de la Chine et du Brésil : accès aux marchés, migration et salaires". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010069.
Pełny tekst źródłaTong, Le. "L'internationalisation des PME françaises en Chine-vue à travers des résultats d'enquêtes (2011 - 2012)". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH059/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaWhile the international development of certain French SMEs in the Chinese market has been the subject of numerous reports and has attracted more and more attention from the public in recent years, the overall situation of the presence of this group of small and medium enterprises in China remains unrecognized. The aim of this study is therefore to try to clarify the situation of their presence in China and to propose a global approach to understand the internationalization of French SMEs in the Chinese market. Particular attention is paid to theories in SMEs, through reflections during this research, this study tries to propose a new approach to the understanding of SME and its procedures of internationalization
Chi, Jian. "Analyse des causes du développement tardif de l'économie de la Mongolie intérieure en Chine : une approche de l'économie du développement régional". Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21002.
Pełny tekst źródłaHe, Yong. "Vers une théorie politico-économique du régime communiste : application à la Chine". Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010015.
Pełny tekst źródłaAfter having shown the failure of the socialist welfare economics as a result of his impossibility to integrate the politics, we have utilised the method of the public choice to illustrate the basic logic of the communist regime. We have shown that there is, in the history of the communist regime, an evolution of the trust of the people to the communism. The economy being totally controlled by the state, individuals will express their distrust and discontent in their work. With an economic result more disquieting and an authoruty less and less legitimate, the communist government is obliged to choose between two solutions: to reduce his share in national economy, that is to say, the increase of the share of the market ; to leave a part of the right of political control to individuals so as to increase his credibility, that is to say, the democratization. We have studied furthermore, always in economic context, the nature of the communist bureaucracy, the particularity of the chinese political structure, the possibility of the revolution and finally the post-communist democracy
Dées, Stéphane. "Compétitivité, investissement direct étranger et croissance : le succès économique chinois expliqué par la politique d'ouverture (1978-1998)". Bordeaux 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR40022.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study shows then the merits of the development strategy chosen by china. The 'open door' policy implemented by deng xiaoping in 1978 has allowed china to benefit from technology transfer necessary to technical progress growth. During the 1980s, this transfer was realised through the imports of manufactured goods, machinery and equipment. Knowing the role of fdi in the foreign technology acquisition, the chinese authorities have led an exchange rate policy based on the undervaluation of the yuan from the end of the 1980s. In addition to the creation of current surpluses, this undervaluation has attracted fdi inflows coming from the mncs motivated by the weak relative costs that china proposed. These huge fdi inflows came mostly from the asian nics. The east asian mncs have relocated their production in china, not to reach an expending market, but to benefit from these weak costs in order to re-export, after transformation in china, products that have been previously imported. Even if these fdi inflows were not technology intensive, they allow china to acquire knowledge proper to market economies, mainly in the management and the use of resources. This strategy has then been limited to foreign trade and fdi. Based on the absence of capital account openness, china has protected itself from the open economy sensitivity to short term capital flows (particularly speculative). This choice is justified by the specificity of the chinese economic system. China was face to the following problem : how to open the economy toward the rest of the world with a financial system which is inoperative ? By limiting its openness to foreign trade and long term capital, china has benefited from the positive effects of openness on economic development (via the stimulation of technology transfer) without suffering from contagion risk after any problem on the neighbour's financial markets
Macaire, Camille. "Liberalization of the financial system in China : impact on foreign exchange and monetary policy". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAD013.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe investigate in this thesis the impact of the gradual liberalization process of the Chinese financial system on the foreign exchange market and the conduct of monetary policy in China. We focus on two measures aiming at liberalizing two-way cross-border financial flows, namely the launch of the Shanghai Free Trade Zone in 2013 and the creation of the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect in 2014, and one new channel for inflows with the opening up of the Chinese Interbank Bond Market to a broad range of foreign investors in 2016. We also include the reform of the currency regime in 2015. The novelty of our general approach lies in the granularity of data used, as well as in the introduction of financial indicators accounting for the rapid enlargement of financial markets in China and their subsequent increasing role in the financial environment in the country. We show that the new two-way flows channels did not reduce the fragmentation between onshore and offshore renminbi markets. On the contrary, they have led to increased stress in the foreign exchange market. Results also suggest that only the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect and the opening of the interbank bond markets have had a significant impact on China’s integration in the global financial system. Finally, we find that the Chinese central bank became more restrictive in the adjustment of money base after the introduction of the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect. Since Chinese authorities underlined that internal economic objectives would stay the key priority, these results suggest that the reform process will remain gradual and prudent
lu, Yujiang. "Agglomération des entreprises et développement régional : Une application au développement régional en Chine". Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010067.
Pełny tekst źródłaIt is necessary to con si der urban phenomena at the same time as the results of agglomeration such as "center-periphery" but as the complex game of population pendulum movements and fancier annuity. So we approach urban analysis enriched by the New Economy Geographical provides a dynamic analysis of urban development particularly in China. We wanted to take advantage of these enhancements to renew theoretical reflections and analysis on the rapid growth of urban systems in China: We calculate the phenomena of industrial concentration using criteria Ellison-Glaeser, we find that the concentration may let think a phenomenon "center periphery" developed in the New Economic Geography. We look more closely differentiated urban evolutions in China, we observe that the bigger cities grow strongly over smaller, we see a new phenomenon of agglomeration on the urban reality of China. The agglomeration of economic activities to the east of China has a strong influence on the structure of the urban system and the evolution ofthe urban system in China
Castillo, Victor. "Agriculteurs et entrepreneurs agricoles : des transactions étrangères aux mécanismes de marche dans une économie libérale (Etat de Jalisco, Mexique". Montpellier, ENSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENSA0027.
Pełny tekst źródłaSince 1982 the agreements between agricultural entrepreneurs and farmers have been relevant to the Mexican neoliberal politics. This thesis examines deeply three contractual relationships: a) the base of the hybrid corn seed production; b) the relationships between vegetable producers and the owners of the cultivated land, and c) the transactions between the owners of the sugar mill and the cane suppliers. To explain the effects that this contractual relationships have between the participants in those relationships, it is analyzed here ail the elements that favor transactions, their own dimensions and the negociation to elaborate, modificate and fulfil the obligations contracted in the agreements. The outcomes show that the transactions are accomplish through incomplete contracts, which correspond to hybrid forms of interchange regulations. Also, the contractual relationships benefit the farmers, but give advantages to the agricultural entrepreneurs, who are the ones that impose the rules. It is underlined here theweakness of the Mexican State in the private investment promotion of the agricultural productive activities
Chen, Yi. "Le Marché du travail urbain en Chine entre concurrence et imperfections institutionnelles : analyses des différentiels salariaux : 1988-1995". Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00357903.
Pełny tekst źródłaDuan, Mingming. "Incomplétude des contrats et relations inter-firmes dans une économie en transition : le cas de la Chine". Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100209.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research is a study of the role of the contract in inter-firm relations in transitional economies like China. As the first institutional tool for the organisation of modem economies, could or can contracts "modernise" relations between Chinese businesses in the sense that it could institutionalise them ? Based on empirical analyses about the way Chinese agents (enterprises) manage incompleteness of contracts, this study aims to illustrate their conception of cooperation. The results of field studies showed that the prevailing use of contracts in Chinese enterprises' transactions had few effects on the institutionalisation of their economic life : it is strongly embedded in the agents' personal social relations and is not organised according to bureaucratic capitalist logic. All this can be explained by the absence of what we call "contract spirit" in Chinese culture, and this absence may have a historical basis. This "cultural incompleteness" probably plays a more determinant role thon other forma of contract incompleteness (cognitive and economic) in Chinese agents' contractual practices. The challenge for both managers and policy makers will be to take into account this great "cultural incompleteness of contracts" in order to better use social relations with more realism in the organisation of economic activities (instead of trying to neutralise them) so that these relations serve more as a transaction cost-saving device thon a transaction cost-producer
Li, Jing. "Les implications du processus de libéralisation des taux d'intérêt en Chine". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2026.
Pełny tekst źródłaInterest rate liberalization is an important step in the processes of pricing financial products. As a necessary condition for financials reforms in China and its sustainable development, the realization of this process is of great practical importance that could optimize the allocation of financial resources, improve the efficiency of capital and enable better market functions. On this purpose, we propose a thorough review of this financial reform in Mainland China and an assessment of its potential impacts. On one side, the analytical approach aims at filling gaps in this research field on emerging countries, such as Chinese Mainland. Based on the theoretical foundations of financial liberalization, we highlight the channels through which this reform can achieve the global objectives of financial development and macroeconomic growth. Subsequently, we conduct an analysis of the current interest rates system in Mainland China, through an inventory of practices carried out as part of the interest rates liberalization reform. On the other hand, from a practical and empirical point of view, our research intends to offer a quantitative analysis of the potential impacts of interest rate liberalization on Chinese macro economical and financial system and to formulate accordingly recommendations for economic and monetary policies. We obtain a database, which contains the main factors of Chinese macro-economy, in order to establish econometric models, in particular based on cointegration equations. The results obtained from our study show that there is a reciprocal causality between interest rates and macroeconomic factors in the context of Chinese Mainland
Jing, Xuewen. "La Croissance économique et le bonheur : le système de protection sociale en Chine et les idées inspirées de l'Europe". Paris 8, 2009. http://octaviana.fr/document/150239548#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is dedicated to the welfare system in China and the inspired ideas of Europe, rather in the social sciences, not for technical methods. We support a role for social protection during the modernization of China. Currently the issue of social protection is at the heart of Chinese society. Three reasons for this unprecedented attention paid to social protection system in China : first, we often find the absence of a policy of welfare for the population and secondly, economic growth brings a revival of ideology, many Chinese turning their attention to certain social problems to build a democratic society that a welfare state can be established, and thirdly, the history of Europe shows that social protection is an economic investment. A relatively just society through a system of comprehensive social protection is a sound basis for economic construction. The European social model is distinguished by a high level of social protection. But the level of the Chinese system is too low, especially in vast rural areas, there is almost no social protection. The purpose of economic growth is to make the happiness of the population. In a context of radical social change, China needs to catch up on social protection by the functions of the State