Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Economic of land and Energy

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  1. Artykuły w czasopismach
  2. Rozprawy doktorskie
  3. Książki
  4. Części książek
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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Economic of land and Energy”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Economic of land and Energy"

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Tontisirin, Nij, i Sutee Anantsuksomsri. "Economic Development Policies and Land Use Changes in Thailand: From the Eastern Seaboard to the Eastern Economic Corridor". Sustainability 13, nr 11 (30.05.2021): 6153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116153.

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The Thai government’s project called “Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC)” was announced in 2016 to stimulate economic development and help the country escape from the middle-income trap. The project provides investment incentives for the private sector and the infrastructure development of land, rail, water, and air transportation. The EEC project encompasses three provinces in the eastern region of Thailand because of their strategic locations near deep seaports and natural resources in the Gulf of Thailand. Clearly, this policy will lead to dramatic changes in land uses and the livelihoods of the people in these three provinces. However, the extent to which land use changes will occur because of this project remains unclear. This study aims to analyze land use changes in the eastern region of Thailand using a Cellular Automata–Markov model. The results show that land uses of the coastal areas have become more urbanized than inland areas, which are primarily agricultural lands. The predicted land uses suggest shrinking agricultural lands of paddy fields, field crops, and horticulture lands but expanding perennial lands. These changes in land uses highlight challenges in urban administration and management as well as threats to Thailand’s agricultural cultures in the future.
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B. Norman, Jonathan, i Marcelle McManus. "The techno-economic viability of bio-synthetic natural gas production utilising willow grown on contaminated land". AIMS Energy 7, nr 3 (2019): 285–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2019.3.285.

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Csipkés, Margit. "Analysis of Economic Efficiency of Energy Wood Plantations". Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, nr 34 (2.09.2009): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/34/2821.

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After the EU-accession we should have a definite idea about what kind of production structure and land use should Hungary obtain to meet the conditions undertaken in the different governmental decisions. In the course of Hungarian land use, significant changes have taken place in the last eighty years. Further changes are influenced by the fact that according to various decisions, legislative provisions and ideas in a short time the energy orchards’ domiciliation could start in large. For this, financial support can be required from EU-sources. As for the woody energy plants, subsidies can be required for the domiciliation and as for herbaceous plants grants can be required for growing. As far as the latter is concerned, the subsidy will be around 26-27 thousand Ft/hectares according to the plans. However, the cultivation method does not have to be changed toswitch from plow-land to energy plants. The question is if the produced commodity will be received by power plants and if it ensures appropriate income for the farmer. In my research I wanted to find from the given woody energy plants which are those that are the most profitable.
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Rahman, Sabory Najib, Danish Mir Sayed Shah, Senjyu Tomonobo i Ahmadzai Mirwais. "Afghanistan factor in regional energy security and trade: Existing and projected challenges and opportunities". AIMS Energy 11, nr 2 (2023): 213–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2023012.

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<abstract> <p>Asia, where future world economic development is predicted and most of the energy resources are buried, has not been able to utilize its energy resources efficiently and remained at the core of political tensions, conflicts, terrorism and wars for decades. Major producers and consumers of fossil energy are located in this continent, and the potential of a vast energy market is inevitable. There are several challenges and opportunities associated with the energy trade in the region. On the one hand, the rivalries and competition over energy resources and territorial ownership and control between the USA, China and Russia have been the sources of most political and security issues in the region. However, on the other hand, the fast economic growth and availability of energy resources open up numerous trade and connectivity opportunities for the region. Afghanistan is a strategic state that serves as a geographic land-based hub for South Asia, Central Asia, China and the Middle East. It is no longer considered a land-locked country, but a strategic and key land link for the whole region. Afghanistan is the most economical and inimitable terrestrial corridor for the regional energy trade and transit upon which all stakeholders agree. Stability in Afghanistan will significantly change the importance of this region and open up doors for the realization of various mega projects, businesses and cultural exchange opportunities. Energy, as a strategic commodity for all of the regional countries, especially India and China as major consumers at present and in the future, will be a mega trade and connectivity opportunity.</p> </abstract>
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Dželetović, Željko, Gordana Andrejić, Aleksandar Simić, Hakan Geren, Uroš Aleksić i Snežana Brajević. "Potential risks and problems in the cultivation of perennial energy crops". Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 26, nr 2 (2022): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jpea26-37778.

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Second-generation biofuel production systems are significantly better than first-generation systems. However, the size of areas in which the energy crops are grown depends on public support, and it decreases if public support is missing. Despite all the environmental and economic benefits, perennial energy crops do not currently play a significant role. It is believed that available land areas will be a basic limiting factor for cultivating biofuel crops in the EU. On the other hand, there is significant untapped potential for bioenergy production in abandoned and marginal land in Southeast Europe. At the same time, perennial energy crops are investments with certain risks. Economically viable production of dedicated energy crops will be difficult to achieve on most lands classified into V-VIII land capability classes. In terms of the risk of farming investments, maize has an advantage over all perennial energy crop systems. We have identified 10 types of risks for successful production of energy crops: (1) Crop water supply; (2) Weed infestation in crops; (3) Risks of frost damages; (4) Crop lodging; (5) Crop diseases and pests; (6) Short harvest periods and variable yields; (7) Economic viability of cultivation on land areas of lower land capability class; (8) Influences of agricultural practices and agro-ecological conditions on biomass quality; (9) Storage of harvested biomass and fire hazard; and (10) economic sanctions, war, and war surroundings. Although the cultivation of perennial energy crops has a perspective, it must be systematically planned and further improved.
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Magda, Róbert. "Economic questions of land usage – scarcity, sustainability". Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 6, nr 3-4 (30.11.2012): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2012/3-4/6.

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The aim of this paper is to show the economic importance of land usage. This topic is important because land is the basis of industrial and agricultural production, as well as energy and environmental security. The focus of the analysis is the relationship between land usage and scarcity and sustainability.
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Zinkovsky, Sergey B. "Topical issues of regulation of land and property relations in the implementation of production and economic activities of companies in the fuel and energy complex: review of panel discussion". RUDN Journal of Law 27, nr 1 (26.03.2023): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2023-27-1-240-247.

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The article suggests an overview of the round table organized on June 22, 2022 by Gazprom Energo LLC jointly by the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia with the support of the State University of Land with active participation of Rosreestr and the Federal Tax Service of Russia on topical issues of regulation of land and property relations in implementing production and economic activities of companies in the fuel and energy complex. In this regard, the organizers proposed to discuss the prospects for legislative support of land management and cadastral activities, topical issues of establishing restrictions and encumbrances of land within the framework of production and economic activities of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, practical aspects of involving ownerless objects in the economic turnover power grid complex and heat supply facilities, the possibilities of optimizing land payments and real estate taxation.
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Fan, Weiguo, Wei Yao i Kehan Chen. "Integrating Energy Systems Language and Emergy Approach to Simulate and Analyze the Energy Flow Process of Land Transfer". Land 12, nr 5 (15.05.2023): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12051070.

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As an effective policy to revitalize rural land assets, land transfer is important to promote reforming rural land systems in poor areas. In this study, we integrated the energy systems language and emergy approach, quantified the energy flow process under the land transfer model, simulated the resource storage and energy flow state in the land transfer process, and finally compared and discussed the economic and ecological benefits of land transfer under different scenarios. The results show the following: (1) Economic benefits were significantly improved after the land transfer, and labor storage and infrastructure value were reduced. (2) Government investment enhanced the infrastructure value, and private investment led to a rapid reduction in labor storage. (3) Expanding apple orchards positively affected labor storage and infrastructure value and negatively influenced soil organic carbon storage and rural asset storage. (4) Land transfer behavior reduced the proportion of provisioning and supporting services and increased the proportion of regulating and cultural services. Overall, the research results are helpful for clarifying the complex mechanisms of the various components in the land transfer system and provide a scientific basis for the prediction and evaluation of land transfer in similar areas.
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Wijaya, I. Ketut Kasta Arya, I. Wayan Rideng i Ni Luh Made Purnamawati. "The Legal Position of Customary Management (Prajuru Adat) in the Lease Agreement Leases the Utilization of Laba Pura Land in Tumbak Bayuh Village, Mengwi District, Badung Regency". International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, nr 12 (2022): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.61203.

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This paper examines and analyzes related to the use of land that has occurred a transfer of functions that previously emphasized the magical and social religious nature has led to economic aspects. The development of globalization today brings very fundamental changes in the economic world, including in the field of land. Lands in Bali that emphasize magical religious properties have shifted towards the economic and pragmatic. The economic aspect is prioritized in improving the welfare of the community by utilizing customary lands in Bali. For indigenous peoples, land has a very important function because without land humans cannot live and land is also a place where indigenous peoples live and land also provides livelihoods for it because land has a very important function. Prajuru adat (customary management) legal position in the lease agreement leases the use of customary land from Laba Pura in Tumbak Bayuh Village, Mengwi, Badung, Bali. This research uses empirical legal research, using primary data and secondary data. Primary data by conducting interviews and field studies, in addition to using research results and relevant books in assessing this problem. The results of the study found that the legal position of prajuru adat as a legal subject in carrying out legal acts in the form of lease agreements for laba pura land can be said to be valid and based because customary management can represent as a legal subject of the object of the laba pura land
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Semenda, Dmytro, i Olga Semenda. "Assessment of ecological and economic efficiency of agricultural lands preservation". Environmental Economics 9, nr 1 (16.04.2018): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.09(1).2018.04.

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The article substantiates the necessity to define and generalize the criteria for assessing the ecological and economic efficiency of using agricultural lands. Due to the transition of the agro-industrial complex to private forms of management, the problems of forming a strategy of rational, ecologically safe and sustainable development of land use in Ukrainian agriculture became of paramount importance. Therefore, systematic studies on the assessment of the ecological and economic efficiency of the agricultural land use need to be conducted. Harmonization of ecological and economic interests is of particular importance in the context of ensuring the conservation, resource-saving and reproductive nature of the agricultural land exploitation.A scientific study found that in Ukraine, the agrarian sector of the economy provides about 47% of GDP, but the question arises: At what price are these achievements given to us? Agricultural land development exceeds environmentally sound standards. Excessive cultivation of the territory leads to an annual increase of eroded lands by 80-90 thousand hectares. Land use is recognized as environmentally unstable, and there is a steady tendency to deteriorate the quality of soil. Each second hectare of cultivated land is erosion-hazardous, that is, these soils are subject to water and wind erosion. In this regard, it is recommended to introduce the world-wide experience of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA), which provides an opportunity to provide food security to the country and to limit the negative impact of the environment, based on the introduction of organic production.It is proved that regardless of the size of farms and forms of management using resource-saving no-till technologies, enterprises received low cost of grown products, providing profitable activities. Ecological compatibility of the technology provides energy savings of at least 30% in comparison with traditional farming systems, the accumulation of not less than 30-40% of plant residues on the soil surface after harvesting of the predecessor, provides protection of the soil from wind and water erosion by minimizing the amount and depth of technological operations.It is confirmed that the most widespread evaluation of the agricultural lands use is the evaluation of the results of their use through volumes of gross and commodity products, income, and production profitability. The criteria for the environmental effectiveness of agricultural land use should be: the degree of functional use of land resources, ecological stability, the level of anthropogenic loading, the degree of erosional feature of land, etc.According to the study results, it was established that one of the main areas of agriculture is the application of minimal tillage in crop rotation, i.e. resource-saving no-till technology.The economic feasibility of technologies based on the use of different soil tillage systems has been confirmed.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Economic of land and Energy"

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Chen, Chen. "Residential Passive House Development In China : Technica lAnd Economic Feasibility Analysis". Thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48238.

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As the energy price goes up, more and more concern has been focused on the sustainable development of residential houses. One of the best solution will be the low energy housing-passive house. The concept of passive house has been popular in Germany and whole Europe in the last 10 years, however, there is no official residential passive house standard project in China now. In this thesis, the feasibility of developing passive house in China will be analysed. Combined with the mature experience from the passive house project in Europe, a Chinese way of building the passive house will be provided. According to the previous studies, a lot of knowledge of passive house projects in Sweden have been referred to help doing the analysis about the passive house development in China. Due to the fact that there is no passive house had done before in China, the some assumptions have been made to help with the economy analysis. It is assumed that one passive house residential project will be built in Shenyang city, Liaoning Province. After the analysing and calculating, it can be concluded that it is possible and profitable to develop the passive house standard residential projects in China. It has a bright future.
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Hutchinson, Adam David. "Topics in sustainable energy : an economic analysis of net demand volatility management". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/87992/.

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A low carbon future poses the question, how will low carbon technology be integrated? One possibility is to retain back-up conventional generators. Other possibilities are technical energy storage, and for demand side management to play a more important role. With the advent of smart metering it is possible consumers could be given real-time prices from their energy supplier. If energy storage is to be implemented investors and stakeholders must have an idea of the likely revenues. Chapter 1 estimates arbitrage revenues for a small price taking store in a GB 2050 electricity market scenario. We do so by estimating equilibrium market prices, which provide us with a market based approach to valuation. It also estimates the effect that the characteristics of the store, and market concentration has on revenues. If energy storage is to be installed in enough capacity to smooth out large fluctuations in net demand then the economics of a small, price taking, store are no longer valid. An energy store would become a strategic player in the market and a Nash equilibrium between generators and the store must be reached. Chapter 2 proposes a methodology for estimating large scale energy storage strategies and revenues, and estimates them. Chapter 3 then turns to address time-of-use (TOU) tariffs. One potential threat to TOU tariffs is the fear they will lead to winners and losers and that they may be regressive or affect certain sectors of society more than others. Here we explore these issues by taking advantage of a unique data-set, the Household Electricity Survey (HES). We analyse the distributional effects of various revenue-neutral TOU tariffs which are designed to reflect the true cost of meeting electricity demand. We perform this welfare analysis under both the assumptions of no demand response and demand response respectively.
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Thondhlana, Gladman. "Land acquisition for and local livelihood implications of biofuel development in Zimbabwe". Rhodes University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/49940.

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In recent years, proponents of 'green and clean fuel' have argued that the costs of overreliance on fossil fuels could be reduced through transition to biofuels such as bio-ethanol. Global biofuel discourses suggest that any transition to biofuel invariably results in significant benefits, including energy independence, job creation, development of agro-industrial centres at local level and high revenue generations for the state with minimum negative impacts on the environment. With many risks and costs associated with traditional 'dirty' fuels, it is likely that many countries, particularly African countries, will move towards the 'green and clean fuel' alternative. However, until recently research has arguably paid limited attention to the local livelihood impacts related to land acquisition for biofuel development or the policy frameworks required to maximise biofuel benefits. With regards to biofuel benefits, some recent studies suggest that the much bandied potential for greater tax revenue, lowered fuel costs and wealth distribution from biofuel production have all been perverted with relatively little payoff in wage labour opportunities in return (e.g. Richardson, 2010; Wilkinson and Herrera, 2010). Based on work done in Chisumbanje communal lands of Zimbabwe (Thondhlana, 2015), this policy brief highlights the local livelihood impacts of biofuel development and discusses policy implications of the findings. By highlighting the justifications of biofuel development at any cost by the state, the study sheds some light on the conflicts between state interests and local livelihood needs.
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Leveroos, Maura K. "Economic Viability of Woody Bioenergy Cropping for Surface Mine Reclamation". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50950.

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Planting woody biomass for energy production can be used as a mine reclamation procedure to satisfy the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) and provide renewable energy for the United States.  This study examines the economic viability of bioenergy production on previously mined lands using multiple hardwood species and treatments.  Five species were planted at two densities; one-half of the trees were fertilized in year two.  Height and diameter of the trees were measured annually for five years; the first three years by cooperating researchers at Virginia Tech, the last two years specifically for this report.  Current and predicted mass of the species, effects of planting density and fertilizer application, and the land expectation value (LEV) of each treatment were summarized.  A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine how changes in production costs, stumpage price, rotation length, and interest rate affect the economic feasibility of bioenergy production.  Renewable energy and mine reclamation policies were investigated and it was determined that woody bioenergy can be planted as a mine reclamation procedure and may receive financial incentives.  Production cost appears to have the largest impact on LEV and is often the difference between positive and negative returns for the landowner.  The extra cost of fertilization and high density planting do not increase LEV; the unfertilized, low density treatments have the best LEV in all examined scenarios.  In general, bioenergy was found to be economically viable as a mine reclamation procedure only in limited circumstances.  In low cost, high price scenarios, bioenergy crops could have the potential to reforest both active and abandoned mine lands throughout southern Appalachia.
Master of Science
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Aggett, Jonathan Edward. "Financial Analysis of Restoring Sustainable Forests on Appalachian Mined Lands for Wood Products, Renewable Energy, Carbon Sequestration, and Other Ecosystem Services". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36096.

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Public Law 95-87, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA), mandates that mined land be reclaimed in a fashion that renders the land at least as productive after mining as it was before mining. In the central Appalachian region, where prime farmland and economic development opportunities for mined land are scarce, the most practical land use choices are hayland/pasture, wildlife habitat, or forest land. Since 1977, the majority of mined land has been reclaimed as hayland/pasture or wildlife habitat, which is less expensive to reclaim than forest land, since there are no tree planting costs. As a result, there are now hundreds of thousands of hectares of grasslands and scrublands in various stages of natural succession located throughout otherwise forested mountains in the U.S. The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for understanding/calculating the economic implications of converting these reclaimed mined lands to forests under various silvicultural regimes, and to demonstrate the economic/decision-making implications of an incentive scheme on such a land use conversion. The economic feasibility of a range of land-use conversion scenarios was analyzed for both mixed hardwoods and white pine, under a set of low product prices and under a set of high product prices. Economic feasibility was based on land expectation values. Further, three types of incentive schemes were investigated: 1) lump sum payment at planting (and equivalent series of annual payments), 2) revenue incentive at harvest and 3) payment based on carbon volume.

Mixed hardwood LEVs ranged from -$2416.71/ha (low prices) to $3955.72/ha (high prices). White pine LEVs ranged from -$2330.43/ha (low prices) to $3746.65/ha (high prices). A greater percentage of white pine scenarios yielded economically feasible land-use conversions than did the mixed hardwood scenarios, and it seems that a conversion to white pine forests would, for the most part, be the more appealing option. It seems that, for both mixed hardwoods and white pine, it would be in the best interests of the landowner to invest in the highest quality sites first. For a conversion to mixed hardwood forests, a low intensity level of site preparation seems economically optimal for most scenarios. For a conversion to white pine forests, a medium intensity level of site preparation seems economically optimal for most scenarios.

Mixed hardwoods lump sum payments, made at the time of planting, ranged from $0/ha to $2416.71/ha (low prices). White pine lump sum payments, made at the time of planting, ranged from $0/ha to $2330.53/ha (low prices). Mixed hardwoods benefits based on an increase in revenue at harvest, ranged from $0/ha to $784449.52/ha (low prices). White pine benefits based on an increase in revenue at harvest ranged from $0/ha to $7011.48/ha (high prices). Annual mixed hardwood benefits, based on total stand carbon volume present at the end of a given year, ranged from $0/ton of carbon to $5.26/ton carbon (low prices). White pine benefits based on carbon volume ranged from $0/ton of carbon to $18.61/ton of carbon (high prices). It appears that, for white pine scenarios, there is not much difference between incentive values for lump sum payments at planting, revenue incentives at harvest, and total carbon payments over a rotation. For mixed hardwoods, however, it appears that the carbon payment incentive is by far the cheapest option of encouraging landowners to convert land.
Master of Science

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Okwo, Adaora. "Next-generation biofuels: the supply chain approach to estimating potential land-use change". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47603.

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Biofuels, including ethanol and biodiesel, are important components of energy policy in the U.S. and abroad. There is a long history of ethanol production from corn (maize) in the United States and from sugarcane in Brazil. However, there has been a push for greater use of next-generation biofuels (including those derived from cellulosic feedstocks) to mitigate many of the environmental and potential food system impacts of large scale biofuel production. Farmer willingness to grow biomass crops and ensuring adequate feedstock supply are two important challenges impeding large scale commercialization of next-generation biofuels. The costs of transporting bulky, low density biomass will be substantial. Consequently, in the near term, the economic success of next-generation biofuels will hinge on the supply of locally available biomass. As such, agricultural contracts are expected to be an important tool in overcoming the feedstock acquisition challenge. The broad objective of this study is to understand the effect of contracting for non-food energy crops (cellulosic feedstocks) on the agricultural landscape via the displacement of commodity (food) crops on productive cropland. We develop an analytical framework for evaluating the design and use of two different contract structures for securing cellulosic feedstock in a representative supply chain with a biorefinery and farmer. We study the dynamics of scarce land and indirect competition from commodity market production on a biorefinery's equilibrium pricing strategy and the resultant supply of cellulosic biomass. And we consider its sensitivity to various production characteristics and market conditions. We develop a method for quantifying the biorefinery's tradeoff between profit margins and competing for land in order to secure the requisite feedstock for biofuel production. And we characterize the loss of efficiency in the decentralized system, relative to a vertically integrated system, that can be attributed to the need to compete for the farmer's scarce land resource versus that which results from the biorefinery's desire to make a profit. Then we extend our framework to consider multi-year contracts for biomass production and evaluate the importance of land quality, yield variability and contract structure on a farmer's willingness to accept a contract to produce cellulosic feedstock as well as the resulting impact on the agricultural landscape through the displacement of commodity crops. Using switchgrass production in Tennessee as a case study, we develop feedstock supply curves for each contract structure considered and evaluate the conditions and contract prices at which land devoted to various field crops would be displaced by switchgrass based on field trials of switchgrass production in Tennessee and recent USDA data on crop prices and production.
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Larsson, Sylvia. "Modelling of the potential for energy crop utilisation in northern Sweden /". Umeå : Unit of Biomass Technology and Chemistry, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/9066018.pdf.

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Barba-Viniegra, Ricardo Manuel. "Policy analysis of energy-economy interactions in Mexico : a multiperiod optimizing general equilibrium model". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1989. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/107461/.

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The objective of this thesis is to analyze three key aspects of the long-term relationship between energy policy and overall economic policy in Mexico: (1) energy- industrialization; (2) energy-labour force; and (3) energy-foreign debt. The importance of the energy sectors in the general economy is evaluated from a historical perspective. Some of the most representative energy studies, both theoretical and empirical are reviewed. Also, the structure and specification of some general equilibrium (GE) models constructed for Mexico are compared within a SAM-type conceptual framework. The SAM approach is then used to formulate the one-period version of the model. An optimizing intertemporal GE model is constructed and implemented to analyze the interdependence between the decisions of the various economic agents, and to explore the sensitivity of optimal policies with respect to such key parameters as elasticities of substitution and world oil prices. The starting point of the model is the work by Blitzer and Eckaus (1986a). However, given the different nature of the present study, five types of improvements have been introduced: (i) the objective function and the terminal constraints are formulated in a way that leads to more attractive price structures; (ii) the model contains truly price-sensitive endogenous choices; (iii) there is a greater degree of disaggregation of the accounts; (iv) the data base is more updated; and (v) a much improved software is employed for solving the model. The following are some of the main conclusions derived from the various solutions of the model: - Both the real and dual sides of the model capture a structural adjustment process towards expansion of nonoil tradeable producing sectors. Manufacturing exports replace oil and gas revenues and external capital inflows as the main source of foreign currency. - Foreign exchange is the most serious constraint of the system, so that foreign debt reduction is considered as the most profitable way of allocating current income. - This calls for a portfolio switching effect among the assets that constitute Mexico's wealth: foreign debt reduction affects investment in real capital assets, which, in turn, means that the economy grows below the labour force growth. Moreover, in the majority of the experiments, oil and gas extraction levels are constrained by the ceilings imposed by the government. - Skilled labour force shortages also restrict the economy significantly. Yet, the economy is not constrained in its ability to absorb oil revenues.
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Kambanje, Cuthbert. "Economic impacts of large-scale land investments along the emerging Chisumbanje Sugarcane Bio-ethanol Value Chain in Zimbabwe". Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1737.

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Ge, Muyang. "Three Essays on Land Property Rights, Water Trade, and Regional Development". DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7492.

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This dissertation explores how property rights to a natural resource affect economic decisions for investment or sale, and how these decisions may in turn impact other areas of the economy. The first essay focuses on how incomplete land ownership on Indian Reservations in the United States affects landowner incentives to engage in agricultural production. The second essay explores how the transfer of water in arid regions via water right sales affects local labor markets and environmental outcomes. The third essay seeks to understand how shale-gas drilling has affected organic food production. This dissertation provides several policy implications. First, the findings suggest that the key to improving lagging agricultural development on American Indian land is to improve tribal farmers’ access to capital, so they can invest in agricultural systems (including irrigation) at the level of their neighbors enjoying fee-simple title. Second, while a potentially effective solution to reduce costly water shortfalls among high-value urban users, water sales from agricultural to urban users appear to simultaneously decrease employment and environmental quality in the water exporting region. Third, Drilling activities appear to discourage organic farming in Colorado. While farmers with mineral ownership benefit, identifying the direct causes of lost organic certification can inform policy that regulates negative externalities on organic farms caused by drilling.
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Książki na temat "Economic of land and Energy"

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Essays on economic and environmental analysis of Taiwanese bioenergy production on set-aside land. Beijing Shi: Zhongguo huan jing ke xue chu ban she, 2012.

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1949-, Byrne John, i Rich Daniel, red. Energy and cities. New Brunswick, U.S.A: Transaction Books, 1985.

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Martin, Spence, i Thompson Roy, red. The energy fix: Towards a socialist energy strategy. London: Pluto, 1986.

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Porter, Andy. The energy fix: Towards a socialist energy strategy. London: Pluto Press, 1986.

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Hamhaber, Johannes. Streit um Strom: Eine geographische Konfliktanalyse New Yorker Elektrizitätsimporte aus Québec. Köln: Geographisches Institut der Universität zu Köln, 2004.

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Universität zu Köln. Geographisches Institut, red. Streit um Strom: Eine geographische Konfliktanalyse New Yorker Elektrizitätsimporte aus Quebec. Köln: Geographisches Institut der Universität zu Köln, 2004.

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Kruse, John R. Net returns of alternative crops on flood-prone land: Louisa County, Iowa, and Saline County, Missouri. Ames, Iowa: Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Iowa State University, 1995.

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United, States Office of Coal Nuclear Electric and Alternate Fuels. Energy consumption and renewable energy development potential on Indian lands. Washington, D.C: The Department, 2000.

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Teresa, Anderson, red. Rural energy services: A handbook for sustainable energy development. London: Intermediate Technology, 1999.

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Teresa, Anderson, red. Rural energy services: A handbook for sustainable energy development. London: IT Publications, 1999.

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Części książek na temat "Economic of land and Energy"

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Robinson, David J. "Land Use and Energy Led Economic Development". W The Energy Economy, 131–49. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137469274_7.

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Sharpe, Ron. "An Optimum Economic/Energy Land-Use Transportation Model". W Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 50–66. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-51020-5_3.

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Fall, A., i R. Haas. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Renewable Energy Potential in Cities: Case Studies of Solar Photovoltaic, Waste-to-Energy and Wind Energy". W Sustainable Energy Access for Communities, 39–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68410-5_5.

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AbstractTheoretically, all places on earth are endowed with renewable energy resources. However, the requirements for co-existence with existing energy and non-energy infrastructure limit the technical realization of these resources. Scientific publications on the renewable energy potential of cities mainly rely on geographic information system (GIS) data such as solar and wind maps. However, planning systems that realize the potential of renewable energy resources need additional tools beyond GIS. In this study, we consider two additional dimensions in the assessment of cities’ renewable energy potential: competing space and competing resources. The findings show the impact of city land-use density, infrastructure and capital cost on the achievement of a transition to the energy sustainability objective with locally available renewable energy resources.
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Batini, Nicoletta, Mario Di Serio, Matteo Fragetta, Giovanni Melina i Anthony Waldron. "6. How Big Are Green Spending Multipliers?" W Greening Europe, 87–96. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0328.06.

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In Chapter 6, N. Batini, M. Di Serio, M. Fragetta, G. Melina, and A. Waldron argue that fixing the twin climate and biodiversity crises is still possible, but it requires stewarding the global economy within limits set by nature. The chapter addresses the question of whether there is “a trade-off between spending on the green economy and an economy’s strength,” and two key results are discussed. First, every dollar spent on green activities can generate more than a dollar’s worth of economic activity, whereas non-green spending returns less than a dollar. Second, for spending categories that are comparable, like renewable versus fossil fuel energy, multipliers on green spending are about double their non-green counterparts. The findings suggest that investments in energy and land/sea use transitions may be economically superior to those offered by supporting economic activities that involve unsustainable ways of producing energy and food.
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Tóth, Miroslav. "Slovenské poľnohospodárstvo v kontexte trvalo udržateľnej spotreby a výroby". W Socio-economic Determinants of Sustainble Consumption and Production II, 147–54. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8640-2021-16.

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Sustainability and sustainable development have begun to take on significance, particularly in the context of the recognition that any uncontrolled growth (in population, production, consumption, pollution, etc.) is unsustainable in an environment of limited resources. Related to this is the concept of sustainable consumption and production. Agriculture is a sector of the national economy in which there is a significant consumption of natural resources, energy, water, land use, plant cultivation, animal husbandry and, of course, the involvement of the human factor. It is this sector that is sensitive to environmental changes, the impact of waste generation, the intensity of the use of production factors and changes in input and output prices.
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Charest, Paul. "Methods for Native Land Use and Occupancy (Luo) Research". W Social and Environmental Impacts in the North: Methods in Evaluation of Socio-Economic and Environmental Consequences of Mining and Energy Production in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic, 463–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1054-2_33.

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Mao, Rui, Cuicui Shi, Qi Zong, Xingya Feng, Yijie Sun, Yufei Wang i Guohao Liang. "Mapping Wind Speed Changes". W Atlas of Global Change Risk of Population and Economic Systems, 67–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6691-9_4.

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AbstractWind variability has a major impact on water cycles, wind energy, and natural hazards and disasters such as hurricanes and typhoons. In the past decades, the global and regional mean near-surface wind speed (sfcWind) has shown a significantly downward trend, especially in the mid-latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere (Wu et al. 2018). The global mean terrestrial sfcWind has decreased linearly at a rate of 0.08 m s−1 per decade during 1981–2011. Vautard et al. (2010) analyzed changes in sfcWind at stations across the globe and found that 73% of the total stations presented a decrease in the annual mean sfcWind, with linear trends of −0.09, −0.16, −0.12, and −0.07 m s−1 per decade in Europe, Central Asia, East Asia, and North America, respectively. In addition, a pronounced reduction in extreme sfcWind has also been observed in Europe and the United States (Yan et al. 2002; Pryor et al. 2012). However, because long-term observational data are lacking in most land areas and oceans, the uncertainty in the long-term trend of sfcWind is high, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere and over oceans.
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Hayes, Deborah C., Becky K. Kerns, Toral Patel-Weynand i Deborah M. Finch. "Introduction". W Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45367-1_1.

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AbstractInvasive species are a historical, long-term, and continually growing threat to the ecology, economy, and infrastructure of the United States. Widely recognized as one of the most serious threats to the health, sustainability, and productivity of native ecosystems, invasive species issues have commonly been viewed as problems specific to Federal, State, and private landowners. However, it is increasingly apparent that the impacts from these species are all encompassing, affecting ecosystem processes in addition to the economics of land management, public and private infrastructure, the energy sector, international trade, cultural practices, and many other sectors in the United States.
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Standal, Karina, Anne Sophie Daloz i Elena Kim. "A Gendered Approach to Understanding Climate Change Impacts in Rural Kyrgyzstan". W SpringerBriefs in Climate Studies, 123–34. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29831-8_10.

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AbstractThis chapter explores climate change impacts and the related experiences and realities of local women in rural Kyrgyzstan by combining research on the physical impacts of climate change in the Central Asian region with an analysis of ethnographic accounts of local people’s farming and energy-use practices. Our analysis reveals how interlinked material, social and cultural realities of local communities manifest in social differentiation that enables or limits women’s capacities to cope with climate change and engage in adaptation practices. The post-Soviet period has diminished rural women’s access to social protection and economic opportunities while reinforcing patriarchal gender norms, depriving women of land ownership rights and decision-making power over strategic life decisions.
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Fitzgerald, E. V. K. "Land Reform". W Economic Development, 199–203. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19841-2_29.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Economic of land and Energy"

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Roy-Aikins, Joseph. "PEACES: A Program for the Economic Analysis of Combined Energy Systems". W ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0302.

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Industrial concerns, the world over, are embracing gas/steam turbine combined cycles and combined heat and power as means of meeting energy needs. The main reason is that the potential for energy savings is huge, due to the utilisation of waste heat as useful energy — the key to the excellent thermodynamic performance exhibited by combined energy systems. Excellent thermodynamic performance may not be matched by excellent economic performance, and in certain cases it may not be economical to choose a combined energy system over a mix of supply from conventional plants. The factors governing the economics of combined energy are numerous, though a few are decisive. In choosing a plant for a given duty, an economic assessment of life-cycle costs should be carried out for candidate plants, to arrive at the most economically viable investment proposal, among alternatives. With this in mind, a computer program PEACES was developed to aid the appraisal of energy investment proposals based on combined energy systems. The economic model on which the program was structured is described in this paper. A case study is carried out, where the software was used at arriving at the most economically viable solution for meeting the energy needs at an industrial site.
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Ahmadova, R. R., T. M. Babayeva, N. D. Ashurova i M. Ya Abdullayeva. "Economic efficiency of phytomelioration method in land rehabilitation". W II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC FORUM ON COMPUTER AND ENERGY SCIENCES (WFCES-II 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106876.

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Bettocchi, R., M. Pinelli, P. R. Spina, M. Venturini, M. Cadorin, G. Cenci i M. Morini. "Energetic and Economic Analyses of Integrated Biogas-Fed Energy Systems". W ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50044.

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The process which includes production, collection, carriage and transformation of biomass into renewable fuels and then into energy (both electrical and thermal) involves a large number of decisions to select the most efficient plant layout. In order to identify the optimal solutions, models which simulate the whole process represent a useful and practical tool. In this paper, the energetic and economic analysis of the entire process from biomass to energy production is presented. Among the different transformation processes, the thermophilic batch anaerobic digestion is considered in this paper. A sensitivity analysis on system profitability is carried out with respect to the mass of biomass, number of batch digesters and retention time of the biomass inside each digester. Moreover, two different types of biomass (ensiled corn and organic fraction of municipal solid wastes) and two different energy systems (Micro Gas Turbine and Internal Combustion Engine) are considered.
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Knight, Richard, Mitsuru Obana, Christer von Wowern, Athanasios Mitakakis, Erhard Perz, Mohsen Assadi, Bjo¨rn F. Mo¨ller i in. "GTPOM: Thermo-Economic Optimization of Whole Gas Turbine Plant". W ASME Turbo Expo 2004: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2004-54200.

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Trends towards distributed power generation and the deregulation of energy markets are increasing the requirement for software tools that optimize power generation plant design and operation. In this context, this paper describes the GTPOM (thermo-economic optimization of whole gas turbine plant) European project, funded in part through the European Commission’s 5th Framework Programme, focusing on the development and demonstration of an original software tool for the thermo-economic analysis and optimization of conventional and advanced energy systems based on gas turbine plant. PSEconomy, the software tool developed during the GTPOM project, provides a thermo-economic optimization capability for advanced and more-conventional energy systems, enabling the complex trade-offs between system performance and installed costs to be determined for different operational duties and market scenarios. Furthermore, the code is capable of determining the potential benefits of innovative cycles or layout modifications to existing plants compared with current plant configurations. The economic assessment is performed through a complete through-life cycle cost analysis, which includes the total capital cost of the plant, the cost of fuel, O&M costs and the expected revenues from the sale of power and heat. The optimization process, carried out with a GA-based algorithm, is able to pursue different objective functions as specified by the User. These include system efficiency, through-life cost of electricity and through-life internal rate of return. Three case studies demonstrating the capabilities of the new tool are presented in this paper, covering a conventional combined cycle system, a biomass plant and a CO2 sequestration gas turbine cycle. The software code is now commercially available and is expected to provide significant advantages in the near and long-term development of energy cycles.
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Lepszy, Sebastian, i Tadeusz Chmielniak. "Technical and Economic Analysis of Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle". W ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23407.

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Biomass integrated gasification combined cycles (BIGCC) are an interesting solution for electricity production. In relation to other biomass conversion technologies, BIGCC is characterized by relatively high energy efficiency. This article presents models and results of simulations of the gas steam cycles integrated with pressurized gasification using biomass as a feedstock. The model and simulations are preformed with Aspen Plus® computer program. The gas generator model consists of two equilibrium reactors. The use of two reactors led to more precise simulations of the flue gas composition, than the model with one reactor. The systems used for study include high-temperature gas cleaning system and a simple gas turbine. The steam cycle consists of 1-pressure heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and a condensing steam turbine. The main results of the work are: comparison of energy efficiency for a system with different pressure ratio in a gas turbine, sensitive analysis of the impact of steam temperature and pressure in HRSG on energy efficiency. The economic analysis includes determination of the electricity price in Polish economic conditions.
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Lee, Kenneth K., i Jared T. Moore. "Configuration Optimization of a Photovoltaic Power Plant in Relation to Cost and Performance". W ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90269.

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The purpose of this paper is to examine the economic benefits of single-axis tracking photovoltaic (PV) power plants for a variety of locations with varying solar resources. Although the photovoltaic industry has been around for decades, the industry has changed dramatically in the past few years. A confluence of overproduction of panels and an economic recession have caused a precipitous drop in panel prices. Additionally, as tracking systems have matured, they have become more acceptable — technically and economically. With all these changes, it is not clear today if and where tracking is appropriate. This paper is to gauge the difference between a tracking and non-tracking configuration of a PV plant. For the purpose of this study, a net 20 MW alternating current (AC) PV plant was assumed to be developed at three different locations: California, Colorado, and New Jersey. The same panel of a moderate efficiency was picked and was used at each site. While a panel is not usually decided before development, a panel of typical characteristics was chosen so that prospective panels’ costs and efficiency could be assessed concerning tracking using a qualitative analysis. Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of each site was determined using the Life-Cycle Cost Analysis methodology. For fixed mounting structures, the tilt of the panel was optimized based on the respective weather conditions to maximize production. After the tilt was decided, an economic sensitivity study taking shading and land prices into account was used to find the most economical spacing between mounting structures. For tracking, horizontal single axis tracking was assumed, and spacing was optimized as described above. The results of the study show that the benefit of tracking increases with the strength of the solar resource. In Newark, New Jersey, tracking raised the LCOE. In Daggett, California, tracking lowered the LCOE. In Boulder Colorado, the difference in LCOE was not appreciable. The study also showed that the most economical fixed PV power plant used less land on a capacity basis at each site. However, tracking plants, regardless of location or solar resources, produced more energy (kWh) per acre of land and could be described as more efficient on a land use basis.
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Bettocchi, R., M. Cadorin, M. Morini, M. Pinelli, P. R. Spina i M. Venturini. "Assessment of the Performance and of the Profitability of CHP Energy Systems Fed by Vegetable Oils". W ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59022.

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In this paper, energy and economic analyses of vegetable oil fed energy systems are presented. The paper focuses on the process from oil to energy, while the economic costs of the transformation process of the biomass from field to oil is assumed embodied in the cost of the oils. Five different oils are considered (sunflower, rapeseed, soybean, palm and waste fried oil) as fuels for cogenerative Internal Combustion Engines, also running in combined cycle configuration. In particular, the considered combined cycle is composed of Internal Combustion Engines and Organic Rankine Cycle modules. Energy analyses allow the evaluation of the installed power, of the produced energies, and of the primary energy saving index for different yearly oil mass values. The results of the economic analyses as a function of yearly oil mass are also presented. The cost sources are highlighted in order to point out the major contributors. Moreover, analyses of the limit value of incentive and oil price, in order to guarantee plant profitability, are carried out.
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Polyzakis, A. L., i A. K. Malkogianni. "Techno-Economic Evaluation of a Tri-Generation Energy Supply System for a Non-Interconnected Island Using Single-Shaft Gas-Turbine". W ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23647.

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In this paper, is presented a realistic simulation of the techno-economic performance of a tri-generation power plant, helping the potential investor to evaluate the profits of his future investment. The paper includes an overall techno-economic analysis including the following steps: Firstly, the research concerns the energy demands of an energy autonomous island. The second part, deals with the prime mover (namely the Gas Turbine, GT) modeling and simulation. The technical part of the assessment includes the Design Point (DP) and Off-Design (OD) analysis of the GT. The third part includes the simulation of the absorption cooling system alone and/or in cooperation with the prime mover. Finally, an evaluation methodology of tri-generation plants is introduced taking into account, both technical facts and economic data helping the potential users to decide whether it is profitable to use such technology or not. The economic scene will include the basic economic facts such as initial cost, handling and operational cost (fuel prices, maintenance etc), using methodology based on Net Present Value (NPV). The results are valuated using suitable sensitivity analysis. The results of the analysis generally shown, that the tri-generation plant is more profitable than the conventional way of energy supply.
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Wadsack, Karin E., i Tom Acker. "Policy Solutions for Increasing Economic Impacts of Wind Development in Arizona". W ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90434.

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Arizona recently dedicated its first utility-scale wind plant, the 63-MW Dry Lake Wind Project on private, state and BLM land near Holbrook. While Arizona has developable wind resources and some available transmission capacity, wind power development has not taken off in the state, and this is often attributed to policy issues and resource quality. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s Western Wind & Solar Integration Study quantified the wind capacity that should be built in Arizona under various wind development scenarios, including all-in-state development, least-cost wind resource across the western electric grid in the inter-mountain west, and a scenario providing some accounting for local economic impacts of wind development. In scenarios in which up to 20% of Arizona’s electrical energy was served by wind resources developed within Arizona, the study found that instate wind development actually resulted in a lower overall system operating cost of energy to state consumers than any other scenario (despite higher capacity factor sites being available outside of Arizona). In addition, the economic impacts of this potential development offer revitalization to many of the rural areas in the state. However, the state lacks coherent policies to attract wind power development and to bolster the services available in rural areas to meet the needs of developers during construction and operation of wind power plants. This study presents and evaluates policy mechanisms for use by the state, county, or tribal governments to increase wind penetration, attract wind development through financial incentives, and increase the local economic impacts of the development once it takes place. Example policies from other states, counties, and tribal governments are evaluated with regard to their appropriateness in Arizona, and suggestions are made for changes to federal policy that would increase the viability and impact of wind development projects on tribal land nationwide.
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Yokoyama, Ryohei, i Koichi Ito. "Multiobjective Robust Optimal Design of a Gas Turbine Cogeneration Plant Under Uncertain Energy Demands". W ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0208.

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A multiobjective robust optimal design method based on the minimax regret criterion is proposed for sizing equipment of energy supply plants so that they are robust in economic and energy saving characteristics under uncertain energy demands. Equipment capacities and utility contract demands as well as energy flow rates are determined to minimize a weighted sum of the maximum regrets in the annual total cost and primary energy consumption, and satisfy all the possible energy demands. This optimization problem is formulated as a kind of multilevel linear programming one, and its solution is derived by repeatedly evaluating lower and upper bounds for the optimal value of the weighted sum of the maximum regrets. Through a case study on a gas turbine cogeneration plant for district energy supply, the trade-off relationship between the robustness in economic and energy saving characteristics is clarified.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Economic of land and Energy"

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Reilly, John, i Sergey Paltsev. Biomass Energy and Competition for Land. GTAP Working Paper, kwiecień 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp46.

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*Chapter 8 of the forthcoming book "Economic Analysis of Land Use in Global Climate Change Policy," edited by Thomas W. Hertel, Steven Rose, and Richard S.J. Tol We describe an approach for incorporating biomass energy production and competition for land into the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model, a computable general equilibrium model of the world economy. We examine multiple scenarios where greenhouse gas emissions are abated or not. The global increase in biomass energy use in a reference scenario (without climate change policy) is about 30 EJ/year by 2050 and about 180 EJ/year by 2100. This deployment is driven primarily by a world oil price that in the year 2100 is over 4.5 times the price in the year 2000. In the scenarios of stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations, the global biomass energy production increases to 50-150 EJ/year by 2050 and 220-250 EJ/year by 2100. The estimated area of land required to produce 180-250 EJ/year is about 1 Gha, which is an equivalent of the current global cultivated area. In the USA we find that under a stringent climate policy biofuels could supply about 55% of USA liquid fuel demand, but if the biofuels were produced domestically the USA would turn from a substantial net exporter of agricultural goods ($20 billion) to a large net importer ($80 billion). The general conclusion is that the scale of energy use in the USA and the world relative to biomass potential is so large that a biofuel industry that was supplying a substantial share of liquid fuel demand would have very significant effects on land use and conventional agricultural markets.
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Milbrandt, Anelia R., Donna M. Heimiller i Paul D. Schwabe. Techno-Economic Renewable Energy Potential on Tribal Lands. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1459502.

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Steinbuks, Jevgenijs, i Thomas Hertel. The Optimal Allocation of Global Land Use in the Food-Energy-Environment Trilemma. GTAP Working Paper, listopad 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp64.

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This study analyzes the optimal allocation of the world's land resources over the course of the next century in the dynamic forward-looking framework, which brings together distinct strands of economic, agronomic, and biophysical literature and incorporates key drivers affecting global landuse. We show that, while some deforestation is optimal in the near term, the desirability of further deforestation is elimated by mid-century under the baseline scenario. While the adverse productivity shocks from climate change have a modest effect on global land use, when combined with high growth in energy prices they lead to significant deforestation and higher GHG emissions than in the baseline. Imposition of GHG emissions constraint further heightens the competition for land, as fertilizer use declines and land-based mitigation strategies expand. However, the effectiveness of such a pre-announced constraint is completely diluted by intertemporal substitution of deforestation which accelerates prior to imposition of the target.
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Hertel, Thomas, Jevgenijs Steinbuks i Uris Lantz Baldos. Competition for Land in the Global Bioeconomy. GTAP Working Paper, wrzesień 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp68.

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The global land use implications of biofuel expansion have received considerable attention in the literature over the past decade. Model-based estimates of the emissions from cropland expansion have been used to assess the environmental impacts of biofuel policies. And integrated assessment models have estimated the potential for biofuels to contribute to greenhouse gas abatement over the coming century. All of these studies feature, explicitly or implicitly, competition between biofuel feed stocks and other land uses. However, the economic mechanisms governing this competition, as well as the contribution of biofuels to global land use change, have not received the close scrutiny that they deserve. The purpose of this paper is to offer a deeper look at these factors. We begin with a comparative static analysis which assesses the impact of exogenously specified forecasts of biofuel expansion over the 2006-2035 period. Global land use change is decomposed according to the three key margins of economic response: extensive supply, intensive supply, and demand. Under the International Energy Agency’s “New Policies” scenario, biofuels account for nearly one-fifth of global land use change over the 2006-2035 period. The paper also offers a comparative dynamic analysis which determines the optimal path for first and second generation biofuels over the course of the entire 21st century. In the absence of GHG regulation, the welfare-maximizing path for global land use allocates 170 Mha to biofuel feed stocks by 2100, with the associated biofuels accounting for about 30% of global liquid fuel consumption. This area expansion is somewhat diminished by expected climate change impacts on agriculture, while it is significantly increased by a moderately aggressive GHG emissions target and by advances in conversion efficiency of second generation biofuels.
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Willauer, Heather D., Dennis R. Hardy, Frederick W. Williams i Felice W. DiMascio. An Economic Basis for Littoral Land-Based Production of Low Carbon Fuel from Renewable Electrical Energy and Seawater for Naval Use: Diego Garcia Evaluation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, sierpień 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada621064.

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Baldos, Uris Lantz. Development of GTAP 9 Land Use and Land Cover Data Base for years 2004, 2007 and 2011. GTAP Research Memoranda, sierpień 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.rm30.

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Understanding the challenges of achieving environmental sustainability goals given future demand for food, fiber and fuel requires economic models and databases that incorporate spatially explicit information on land use and land cover (LULC). The GTAP LULC database and its variants have been extensively used in a wide variety of applications aimed at examining the land-environment-energy nexus. Looking back the development of the first GTAP LULC was no simple task as it required the expertise of several researchers to identify and process relevant geospatial information. And because of this, succeeding updates of the GTAP LULC database (namely v.7 for 2004 and v.8 for 2004, 2007) relied heavily on AEZ-region level data from GTAP LULCv.6 in order to update land cover and land use as well as share-out land rents. This memorandum documents the development of the GTAP LULC v.9 database. In keeping with the multi-year release of GTAP v.9, the GTAP LULC v.9 data is developed for each benchmark year (i.e. 2004, 2007 and 2011). But unlike previous releases, GTAP LULCv.9 is created directly from publicly available high-resolution (i.e. 5-minute grid) spatial land cover and land use maps. Since these maps can be readily downloaded online, it is possible to replicate GTAP LULCv.9 if users know how to handle spatial data and if they follow the methods outlined in this document. Furthermore, by developing the capacity to handle spatial data within the Center, new spatial LULC information can be easily incorporated in future releases of the GTAP LULC.
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Baldos, Uris Lantz, i Erwin Corong. Development of GTAP 10 Land Use and Land Cover Data Base for years 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014. GTAP Research Memoranda, listopad 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.rm36.

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Understanding the challenges of achieving environmental sustainability goals given future demand for food, fiber and fuel requires economic frameworks that incorporate spatially explicit information on land use and land cover (LULC). The GTAP LULC Data Base and its variants have been extensively used in a wide variety of applications aimed at examining the land-environment-energy nexus (Golub et al., 2012; Hertel et al., 2010; Johnson et al., 2019; Liu et al., 2014; Peña-Lévano et al., 2019; Stevenson et al., 2013; Taheripour et al., 2010; Taheripour & Tyner, 2012). The first release of the GTAP LULC Data Base combines geospatial data on land use and land cover into GTAP 6 Data Base – benchmarked to year 2001 (GTAP LULC v6). The methodology for creating and using this database is well documented (Lee et al., 2009; C. Monfreda et al., 2009; Sohngen et al., 2008). Succeeding updates of the GTAP LULC Data Base (namely v7 and v8 for 2004 and v8 for 2004, 2007) relied on readily available but aggregated GTAP LULC v6, albeit using national-level data from FAOSTAT (2020) (Avetisyan et al., 2010; Baldos & Hertel, 2012). Starting with GTAP 9, LULC was created directly from the latest, high-resolution (i.e. 5-minute) spatial land cover and land use maps in combination with national-level statistics (Baldos, 2017). This memorandum documents the development of the GTAP LULC version10A which is based on the GTAP v10A Data Base for years 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014 (Aguiar et al., 2019). This update heavily relies on the methodology for creating GTAP LULC v9 which downscales national-level land cover and crop production statistics from FAOSTAT (2020) using publicly available spatial data (see Appendix I).
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Riley, Brad. Scaling up: Renewable energy on Aboriginal lands in north west Australia. Nulungu Research Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32613/nrp/2021.6.

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This paper examines renewable energy developments on Aboriginal lands in North-West Western Australia at three scales. It first examines the literature developing in relation to large scale renewable energy projects and the Native Title Act (1993)Cwlth. It then looks to the history of small community scale standalone systems. Finally, it examines locally adapted approaches to benefit sharing in remote utility owned networks. In doing so this paper foregrounds the importance of Aboriginal agency. It identifies Aboriginal decision making and economic inclusion as being key to policy and project development in the 'scaling up' of a transition to renewable energy resources in the North-West.
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Roberts, J. O., i G. Mosey. Technical and Economic Feasibility Study of Utility-Scale Wind at the Doepke-Holliday Superfund Site. A Study Prepared in Partnership with the Environmental Protection Agency for the RE-Powering America's Land Initiative: Siting Renewable Energy on Potentially Contaminated Land and Mine Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1082549.

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van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique, i Jeffrey C. Peters. Volume Preserving CES and CET Formulations. GTAP Working Paper, maj 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp87.

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As economists are increasingly working across disciplines, they are assessing alternative mathematical formulations to more closely align with the results from these disciplines. Two of the most widely used functional forms in quantitative economic analysis are the constant-elasticity-of-substitution (CES) and constant-elasticity-of-transformation (CET) functions. However, neither functional form preserves volume additivity, which may be a desirable feature in a number of contexts including labor and land allocation, energy systems, etc. This paper explores two alternatives to the ubiquitous CES and CET formulations, which have many of the same characteristics in terms of ease of implementation, but also preserve volume additivity. It illustrates some of the properties of the so-called additive forms of the CES and CET and assesses the impacts of switching to the additive CET in the context of land-use allocation in the Envisage model.
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