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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „ECONOMIC INDICATORES”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 11 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "ECONOMIC INDICATORES"

Kang, Dahyun, Sun Lee i Sung Jin Kang. "Financial Institution Development and Economic Growth: Dynamic Panel Evidence from the Developing Economies". Korean Development Economics Association 28, nr 2 (30.06.2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20464/kdea.2022.28.2.1.

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This study aims to explore the impact of financial institution development (FID) on economic growth for the world and 54 developing economies from 2000 to 2019 with dynamic panel system GMM estimation. With regard to FID, this study considers 4 different indicators: access, depth, efficiency, and stability. Estimation results are as follows. First, the FID indicators (access, depth, and efficiency) have positive impact on economic growth for the world group and developing economies with stronger effect of access in developing economies. Second, the stability as another FID indicator, liquid assets, is negative only for the developing economies. It means that the higher ratio of liquid assets, the more incentive for financial institution to take on risk. These results were also maintained in the robustness check. Overall, this study suggests that developing economies should enhance their access to financial institution and put in place the measures to manage liquid assets.

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Bryntsev, A. N. "ИНДИКАТОРЫ ГРУЗОПЕРЕВОЗОК И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ". RISK: Resources, Information, Supply, Competition, nr 1 (2020): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33051/0130-3848-2020-1-63-66.

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The article discusses the issues of economic security, taking into account the congestion of the transport and logistics infrastructure. As an example, the indicator of freight transportation by rail is shown, which allows predicting the onset of crisis situations at an early stage of their development. A brief analysis of the development of the market of information and communication technologies in the light of the formation of a new concept for the formation of business is given.

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Cislaghi, Cesare. "Disuguaglianze a livello individuale e a livello di contesto: significati e indicazioni per l'uso". SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, nr 1 (marzec 2009): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2009-001008.

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- Drugs consumption, both paid by the Health Service and bought by users themselves, is analysed on the basis of population's available assets using data from the 2005 National Survey on Population's Health held by the Italian National Institute of Statistics. Results show differences if the economic indicator is at family level or regional level: in the first case, more disadvantaged people's consumptions are higher; in the second case, people living in richer regions use more drugs. These data however change also according to consumers' age. The hypothetic explanation is that at individual level the economic indicator is very much connected to health conditions, while at regional level there can be a wider economic possibility to buy drugs autonomously. The conclusion a methodological one emphasizes the need to study similar situations through stratified analyses. Keywords: equity, contextual indicators, individual indicators, analysis methods, drugs consumption, epidemiology. Parole chiave: equitÀ, indicatori di contesto, indicatori individuali, metodi di analisi, consumo di farmaci, epidemiologia.

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Karadjova, Vera, i Snezhana Dichevska. "ECONOMIC GROWTH V.S. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT – COMPLEMENTARY INDICATORS". Balkans Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences 2, nr 1 (2019): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/balkans.jetss.2019.2.1.28-38.

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The paper deals with a topic relating to the economic growth, development and general welfare of a national economy, a wider region, or even the entire world, through indicators that differentiate growth from development. It is a complex subject that contains numerous aspects of the life of a community in a certain space, which, because of its complexity, cannot be limited exclusively to economic aspects, so because of that cannot be limited exclusively to economic or monetary indicators. Life in a community besides the economic includes also legal, sociological, philosophical, psychological and other aspects, from which it logically results that measuring the development and welfare is a complex process that can hardly be limited to one indicator. In that sense, the paper addresses issues relating to production, distribution, fairness and equality, employment, unemployment, poverty, productivity, economic stability, sustainable development, human development, a sense of well-being and happiness, etc., in the direction of the thesis for the use of complementary development indicators. The complexity of the process of harmonizing the numerous indicators is further complicated by the need to calculate the degree of their mutual correlation, especially if it concerns divergent indicators or indicators that are mutually exclusive or have a negative correlation. The issue of welfare has been the subject of economic science interest since its very beginnings, even from the time of the first ancient thinkers when it was not singled out as an independent science, through the utopians, to contemporary economic thought. The economic operation and the rational use of limited resources in order to meet unlimited human needs is the heart of the economy. The basic indicator used to measure economic growth is undoubtedly the GDP and GDP per capita. But one has to take into account the distinction between quantitative growth and qualitative development, whereby GDP is an indicator of growth. Development is a broader concept that covers growth, but also technological and any other kind of advancement of the social community. Development as a qualitative feature means the advancement of the qualitative characteristics of society and the well-being of individuals, and the well-being is not only the increase of GDP, but the subjective sense of the people in the community that they live better, a sense of improving the quality of life. Growth and development together make the progress of the community. In this sense the paper elaborates just a few indicators of growth and development that are used parallel, such as GDP, Human Development Index, and the World Happiness index, that do not exclude each other and whose interwoven use gives a fuller picture of growth and development although the ranking of countries around the world according to one of these indicators may be quite different with respect to the ranking according to the other indicator. This only confirms the thesis of the need for a more comprehensive analysis of the analyzed issues and suggestions for a more comprehensive indicator that would be a complementary set of several alternative and complementary ones that would eliminate the shortcomings of its constituent parts, thereby obtaining a relevant indicator of economic development and welfare, without any intention to propose a concrete solution.

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Wardayati, Siti Maria. "ANALISIS PERSONALITY AUDITOR INTERN SERTA PENGSRUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA BAITUL MAL WAT TAMWIL". Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 1, nr 2 (18.05.2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/economica.2010.1.2.841.

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A classic problem faced by the management of sharia financial institutions, in this case Baitul Mal Wat Tamwil (BMT), has been being still the same from year to year, namely the limitation of human resources in term of quality, including their internal auditors. An internal auditor is able to influence the performance of sharia financial institutions whether it is good or bad, because an internal auditor is responsible for providing analysis, information, financial evaluation services, even for giving recommendations to the management. The goals of this research are (1) to find out the characteristics of the variables of the research, namely: internal auditor’s personality, internal auditor’s professionalism, internal auditor’s work result, and sharia financial institution’s performance. The result of the research demonstrates that (1) as regards the variable of internal auditor’s personality, formal education indicator could not explain internal auditor’s personality, as regards the variable of internal auditor’s professionalism, professional social responsibility indicator was the strongest indicator in explaining internal auditor’s professionalism, as regards internal auditor’s work result, management’s commitment indicator is the strongest indicator in explaining internal auditor’s work result, and as regards sharia financial institution’s (BMT) performance variable, capital structure and efficiency is two strongest indicators in explaining sharia financial institution’s (BMT) performance, and (2) internal auditor’s personality, internal auditor’s professionalism, internal auditor’s work result, and sharia financial institution’s performance has a positive and significant correlation, which mean that the better the auditor internal’s personality the more professional the internal auditor, the more professional the internal auditor the better the work result, the better the work result the better sharia financial institution’s (BMT) performance.

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Clink, Kellian. "Economic Indicators". Reference Reviews 31, nr 1 (16.01.2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rr-08-2016-0212.

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Trung, Nguyen Ngoc. "Green Economy, Circular Economy And Sustainable Economic Development Index: Some Theoretical Analysis From Current Approaches". International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 05, nr 10 (11.10.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v5-i10-12.

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In recent years, research approaches on green growth, green economy and circular economy have attracted both developed and developing countries. The study of how the world approaches in recent years has a practical significance in building indicators of sustainable economic development. Analyzing articles regarding the above issues recommend some lessons for nations, especially in building measuring tool. Firstly, in terms of green growth, increasing renewable products such as wind power, marine microalgae and other fuels may contribute to greening growth and green economy. Building a hierarchical material management system based on principles of circular economy is recommended.

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"Economic Indicators". Oil and Energy Trends 46, nr 1 (styczeń 2021): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oet.13_12687.

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"Economic Indicators". Oil and Energy Trends 46, nr 4 (kwiecień 2021): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oet.13_12693.

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"Economic Indicators". Oil and Energy Trends 46, nr 5 (maj 2021): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/oet.12_12695.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "ECONOMIC INDICATORES"

Almásy, Michael. "Accounting and economics: Influence of accounting methods on economic indicators". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72865.

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The way the economic reality is observed is essential in order to determine decision-making of economic subjects. The picture of economic reality drawn by accounting can be said to be either the true and fair, or biased. If the latter is the case, how much does that bias translate into the quality of economic decision-making? In summary, the paper analyzes whether accounting should provide the fair and true view whether it does, and how it affects the economic behavior when it does not on both micro-economic and macro-economic level. The arguments are built up on a logical structure rather taking a broader multidisciplinary approach to answer the previously stated questions.

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Adaiah, Keren Lilenstein. "Integrating indicators of education quantity and quality in six francophone African countries". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20561.

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Research and policy-making in education have historically focused on quantitative measures of education when assessing the state of education across countries. Recently, large-scale cross-national tests of cognitive skills have emerged as one way of moving beyond mere quantitative indicators of education, and instead allow researchers to incorporate qualitative elements of education, most notably what students know and can do. Notwithstanding the above, research and development initiatives too often assess these complementary aspects separately, which can lead to biased conclusions. To resolve this issue, the research presented here follows the method developed by Spaull and Taylor (2015) and provides composite measures of educational quantity (grade completion) and quality (learning outcomes) for six Francophone African countries. These composite measures are termed access to literacy and access to numeracy for literacy and numeracy rates respectively. This work also explores quantity and quality indicators separately to ascertain whether problems of access to schooling, or problems of quality among those already enrolled, is a more pertinent development issue. Finally, this work also contributes to understanding the extent and nature of inequalities, by looking at gender and socioeconomic status groups separately when considering (1) access, (2) learning outcomes, and (3) a composite measure of access and learning. Results of this work point to an education crisis within these African countries where both non-enrolment and a lack of learning within schools are contributing to dismal educational outcomes, even at the grade 2 level but especially at the grade 5 level. For example, only 18% and 25% of the grade 5 cohort investigated have access to literacy and access to numeracy, respectively, in Togo. Furthermore, inequality within socioeconomic groups is extremely large resulting in near zero estimates of competency levels for the most economically disadvantaged in some countries. Gender discrimination is dwarfed by economic discrimination but mean estimates suggest that while educational opportunities are similar for males and females at a grade 2 level, gender discrimination may already be visible at the grade 5 level.

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Booysen, Frederik Le Roux. "The measurement of economic development : alternative composite indices". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51995.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The success of policies aimed at economic development cannot be monitored and evaluated without development indicators. These indicators are also crucial in comparing levels of development across time and space so as to come a greater understanding of the development process. Yet, economic development does not mean the same thing to everyone. As a result, there exists a variety of indicators of economic development. Five main classes of development indicators are distinguished on the basis of the shift over time in our understanding of economic development (Chapter 1). A distinction is drawn between indicators of national income and economic growth (Chapter 3), employment, unemployment and underemployment (Chapter 4), and poverty and inequality (Chapter 5). Social indicators (Chapter 6) and composite indices (Chapter 7) of economic development represent two futher classes of development indicators. These indicators differ in terms of their content, method and technique, comparative application, simplicity, clarity, focus, availability and flexibility. These main classes of development indicators are evaluated with reference to these dimensions of measurement which are described in detail in Chapter 2. There is no one indicator that can be described as an ideal, all encompassing measure of economic development, at least not in terms of its performance on these dimensions of measurement. Hence, the measurement of development remains imperfect, but nonetheless makes an invaluable contribution to the study of economic development. In fact, development studies will be impossible without access to such a variety of development indicators. Given the importance of development indicators in development studies, two new composite indices of development are presented here to address two specific gaps in indicator research. Indices of Human Security (HSIs) and Inefficiency ratios are developed to determine the extent to which countries have made progress on human security as defined by the UNDP (Chapter 8). Progress is assessed in terms of both effort and outcomes, as well as the extent to which efforts are actually translated into outcomes. Indices of Reconstruction and Development (RDIs) are employed to measure the extent to which the nine provinces of South Africa have made progress on the development objectives described in the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) (Chapter 9). The measurement results suggest that there remain substantial disparities in progress on both human security and reconstruction and development. These new composite indices are also employed to determine those development characteristics associated with progress on human security and reconstruction and development. So, for example, disparities in human security are associated with certain urban and population dynamics, as well as communications capacity and infrastructural development. Progress on reconstruction and development is associated with lower population pressure, higher matric pass rates, less poverty and inequality, and more political representativeness at the provincial level. The RDIs also underscore the extent to which progress on the RDP has not materialised in rural areas. Furthermore, current provincial disparities in progress on reconstruction and development appear still to be indicative of the racial dynamics of development so characteristic of the Apartheid era.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit is onmoontlik om sonder ontwikkelingsindikatore die sukses van beleid wat gemik is op ekonomiese ontwikkeling te moniteer of te evalueer. Ontwikkelingsindikatore IS ook onontbeerlik III die vergelyking van ontwikkelingsvlakke oor tyd en ruimte om sodoende 'n beter begrip van die ontwikkelingsproses te verkry. Ekonomiese ontwikkeling het egter nie dieselfde betekenis vir almal nie. Gevolglik bestaan daar 'n verskeidenheid van ontwikkelingsindikatore. Vyf hoofklasse van ontwikkelingsindikatore word onderskei op grond van verskuiwings oor tyd in die interpretasie van ekonomiese ontwikkeling (Hoofstuk 1). 'n Onderskeid word getref tussen maatstawwe van nasionale inkome en ekonomiese groei (Hoofstuk 3), indiensname, werkloosheid en onderindiensname (Hoofstuk 4), en armoede en ongelykheid (Hoofstuk 5). Sosiale indikatore (Hoofstuk 6) en saamgestelde indekse (Hoofstuk 7) van ekonomiese ontwikkeling verteenwoordig twee verdere groepe indikatore. Hierdie indikatore verskil in terme van hul inhoud, metode en tegniek, vergelykende toepassing, eenvoud, duidelikheid, fokus, beskikbaarheid en buigsaamheid. Hierdie hoofklasse van ontwikkelingsindikatore word geëvalueer met verwysing na hierdie dimensies van meting, wat in groter besonderhede in Hoofstuk 2 bespreek word. Daar is nie een indikator wat beskryfkan word as 'n ideale, allesomvattende maatstafvan ekonomiese ontwikkeling nie, ten minste nie in terme van die prestasie daarvan op hierdie dimensies van meting nie. Gevolglik is die meting van ekonomiese ontwikkeling onvolmaak, alhoewel dit 'n onskatbare bydrae lewer tot die studie van ekonomiese ontwikkeling. Om die waarheid te sê, ontwikkelingstudies salonmoontlik wees sonder toegang tot so 'n verskeidenheid van ontwikkelingsindikatore. Gegewe die belangrikheid van ontwikkelingsmaatstawwe In ontwikkelingstudies, word twee nuwe saamgestelde indekse hier aangebied om twee spesifieke gapings in navorsing oor ontwikkelingsmaatstawwe aan te spreek. Indekse van Menslike Sekuriteit (MSls) en Ondoeltreffendheidsratio's word ontwikkelom te bepaal tot watter mate lande vordering gemaak het in menslike sekuriteit, soos definieer deur die UNDP (Hoofstuk 8). Vordering word gemeet in terme van sowel pogings en uitkomste as die mate waartoe pogings werklik in uitkomste omskep word. In Hoofstuk 9 word Indekse van Heropbou en Ontwikkeling (HOIs) gebruik om te meet tot watter mate die nege provinsies in Suid-Afrika vordering gemaak het in die bereiking van die ontwikkelingsdoelwitte wat uitgespel word in die Heropbou- en Ontwikkelingsprogram (HOP). Die metingsresultate dui daarop dat daar wesenlike ongelykhede bestaan in beide menslike sekuriteit en heropbou en ontwikkeling. Hierdie nuwe saamgestelde indekse word ook gebruik om te bepaal met watter ontwikkelingskenmerke ongelykhede in menslike sekuriteit en heropbou en ontwikkeling geassosieer word. So, byvoorbeeld, toon dispariteite in menslike sekuriteit 'n verband met sowel stedelike en bevolkingsdinamika as kapasiteit in kommunikasie en infrastruktuur. Vordering in heropbou en ontwikkeling word ook geassosieer met laer bevolkingsdruk, beter matrikulasieresultate, minder armoede en inkomste-ongelykheid, en wyer politieke verteenwoordiging op provinsiale vlak. Die indekse beklemtoon ook die mate waartoe vordering met die HOP nog nie in landelike gebiede gematerialiseer het nie. Verder wil dit voorkom asof huidige provinsiale ongelykhede in vordering met heropbou en ontwikkeling steeds kenmerkend is van die rasse-dinamika agter ontwikkeling wat so kenmerkend was van die Apartheidsera.

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Emerson, Rebecca A. "One essay on leading indicators and two on investment trusts". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260009.

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Cole, Denise. "Local economic indicators : practitioners' needs and associated issues of provision and use". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/333421.

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The local economic information base for the UK does not meet the demand for local economic indicators emerging from the private and public sectors. This thesis identifies an 'information gap' between the need for and provision of local economic indicators in the public and private sectors. The existence of this 'gap' emerges in the literature review. Empirical evidence of the gap is provided by the thesis' postal survey (which investigates the use of local economic information in forecasting). The dearth of local economic indicators is then confirmed in the analysis of guided interviews with practitioners. The literature review and practitioner interviews identify a rising need for local economic indicators over the last decade. The increased political significance of local space has led to a growth in the need for information at this scale from the public sector. Organisational restructuring and the privatisation of utilities has also led an increase in demand from the private sector for local economic information. This need has been compounded by deficiencies in those local economic indicators which are currently available, in terms of quality, organisation and accessibility. The literature suggests that standardisation of the criteria for organising local economic indicators into a database would greatly assist the organisations that seek this information. However, no such set of criteria has been forthcoming. The thesis therefore incorporates a feasibility study which focuses on the establishment of a standardised local economic database. The research findings steer suggestions for its development, and local economic indicators for the Local Authority District (LAD) ofLuton are collected and organised into a database as a case study. The methodology is documented, and can be reproduced to develop a similar database for any other LAD in the UK.

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Pietukhova, A. "Economic indicators of sustainable development". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64480.

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The emergence and evolution of the concept of sustainable development changed the principles for economic development, so an unlimited economic growth was displaced by balanced development. It helps to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept became the complex of three components: environmental unity, economic efficiency and social justice.

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Snyman, Gideon Johan Justus. "The development of leading indicators for the South African building industry using qualitative and quantitative data". Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 1994. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31855.

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The building industry is complex, diversified, and labour-intensive. These aspects, together with its inherent instability, are analysed. Improved forecasting methods can assist in economic planning within the industry and formulation of public policy. Economic stabilisation policies can benefit participants in the industry and society at large. In this study leading indicators are developed for the South African building industry to assist in forecasting future demand levels. Use is made of qualitative survey data and quantitative time series. The quarterly qualitative data emanate from the Bureau for Economic Research, University of Stellenbosch. These data are gathered by questionnaire from building contractors and sub-contractors according to the Konjunkturtest developed by the lfo Institute, Munich, Germany. Principal component analyses of the business survey variables reveal that respondents behave purposefully and that these qualitative data are suitable for use as cyclical indicators in a composite index. The monthly quantitative data are compiled by the South African Reserve Bank and the Central Statistical Service, Pretoria, South Africa. The variables used in the construction of the leading indicators are weighted according to the scoring system developed by the National Bureau of Economic Research, United States of America. The six criteria applied in this scoring system are: economic significance of the variables; statistical adequacy; timing at turning points; conformity to historical business cycles; currency; and smoothness. Separate composite leading indices are compiled from 33 qualitative variables and 8 quantitative time series, with the relevant scores as weights. It is found that these indices lead turnjng points of the reference cycle by between three and a half months and ten and a half months. However, the lead times are not consistent. This finding is in accordance with international experience. A combined leading indicator is constructed from these qualitative and quantitative indices (1971 to 1991). It is found that the statistical performance of the final composite leading indicator does not surpass the performance of the individual composite indices. It is suggested that the best forecasting results can be achieved if the qualitative and quantitative leading indices are · used independently, yet in conjunction with other economic indicators and other forecasting models.

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Kim, Sunghoo. "The Relationship Between Domestic Savings and Other Economic Indicators in Korea". Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500312/.

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This study is an analysis of the relationship between domestic savings and three economic indicators in the Republic of Korea during the 1950s through 1980s. While domestic saving is affected by many economic phenomena, the analysis is confined to national income, exports, and inflation. The study is divided into five chapters. These are entitled (1) Introduction, (2) Domestic Savings, (3) Income and Domestic Savings, (4) Exports and Domestic Savings, (5) Inflation and Domestic Savings. In chapter I, Korea and the Korean economy are introduced, and the scope of the study is stated. Chapter II reviews the related realm of domestic savings: definition, kinds, and determinants of domestic savings. Chapter III presents the relationship between different incomes and domestic savings, and shows non-labor income contributes more powerfully to the formation of domestic savings than labor income. Chapter IV contains effects of exports, and hypothesis testing. The effect of exports suggests that export expansion affects domestic savings positively via an increase in gross national product. Chapter V deals with the correlation between inflation and domestic savings, and its testing. The correlation between inflation and domestic savings is not generally clear except for some specific cases.

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Karlsson, Martina, i Helen Orselius. "Economic and Business cycle indicators : Accuracy, reliability and consistency of Swedish indicators". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-24031.

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Background: Economic and Business cycle indicators are used when predicting a country’s Gross Domestic Products, GDP. During recent time, Purchasing Managers Index and its ability to signal changes in the economy have received attention. It provides inconsistent signals since the financial crisis in 2008. Decision makers in the society rely on macroeconomic forecast when implementing strategic decisions. It is therefore necessary for indicators to provide correct signals in relation to GDP. Previous research about indicators’ stability is mostly conducted in the U.S. According to the authors’ knowledge, scarce research has been made in Sweden. The area lacks observations where a wider range of indicators is included to get a broader perspective of the economy. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine Swedish indicators and observe if they are stable and provide accurate, reliable and consistent signals in relation to GDP growth. Furthermore, the financial crisis in 2008 is used as a benchmark when observing stability and indicators’ predictive ability. Method: Ten indicators within the categories financial, survey-based and real economy indicators are selected. Quarterly data with a time period of maximum 1993-2013 are analyzed. The statistical tests conducted include Correlation, Cross-Correlation and Simple Linear Regression, an interaction term is also included to account for the financial crisis. Conclusion: The results show that nine out of ten indicators are unstable. Purchasing Managers Index show largest changes compared to other indicators. Industry Production index is the best performing indicator. When it comes to the categories; survey-based, financial and real-economy indicators, no category overall provide stability.

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Pinna, Anna Maria. "Trade, wages and protection : a micro-econometric analysis based on a new tariff indicator". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275226.

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Książki na temat "ECONOMIC INDICATORES"

Mohr, Philip. Economic indicators. Wyd. 3. Pretoria: Unisa Press, 2005.

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United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. División de Integración y Comercio Internacional., red. Economic indicators. [Santiago, Chile?]: United Nations, CEPAL/ECLAC, Division of Integration and International Trade, 2001.

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Mohr, Philip. Economic indicators. Pretoria: University of South Africa-Unisa Press, 1998.

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Economic indicators. Wyd. 4. Pretoria [South Africa]: UNISA Press, 2011.

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Guide to economic indicators: Making sense of economics. Wyd. 5. London: The Economist in association with Profile Books, 2003.

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Anderson, Victor. Alternative economic indicators. London: New Economics Foundation, 1990.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentStatistics Directorate., red. Main economic indicators. Paris: OECD, 1996.

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Uganda. Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development. Statistics Department., red. Key economic indicators. Entebbe: Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development, 1998.

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Alternative economic indicators. London: Routledge, 1991.

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Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan. Statistics Dept., red. Economic development indicators. Islamabad: Statistics Dept., Agricultural Development Bank of Pakistan, 1990.

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Części książek na temat "ECONOMIC INDICATORES"

Ragas, Matthew W., i Ron Culp. "Economics and Economic Indicators". W Business Essentials for Strategic Communicators, 21–33. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137385338_2.

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Li, Xiaoxi, i Yimeng Liu. "Choosing HGDI Indicators and Constructing Indicator System". W Current Chinese Economic Report Series, 11–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43591-5_3.

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Bottero, Marta. "Assessing the Economic Aspects of Landscape". W Landscape Indicators, 167–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0366-7_8.

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Morse, Stephen. "Economic indices". W The Rise and Rise of Indicators, 32–60. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315226675-2.

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Gudmundsson, Henrik, Ralph P. Hall, Greg Marsden i Josias Zietsman. "Indicators". W Springer Texts in Business and Economics, 137–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46924-8_6.

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Zarnowitz, V. "Indicators". W The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 6278–83. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_714.

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Zarnowitz, V. "Indicators". W The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–6. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_714-1.

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Johnes, Geraint. "Performance Indicators". W The Economics of Education, 161–83. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23008-2_9.

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Wong, Cecilia. "Economic and Social Indicators". W Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 1789–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_815.

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Brackfield, David. "OECD Main Economic Indicators". W Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 4468–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2002.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "ECONOMIC INDICATORES"

Proca, Rodica. "The evolution of the impact of the consequences of the crises on the budgetary-fiscal indicators at national level". W Simpozion stiintific al tinerilor cercetatori, editia 20. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975359047.04.

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Este cert faptul că orice țară este apreciată după nivelul său de dezvoltare economică. Destrămarea Uniunii Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste (URSS) a creat un șoc global pentru țările membre, care au întîmpinat dificultăți în schimbarea structurii economice interne. Odată cu obținerea independenței în 1991, Republica Moldova (RM) a parcurs un drum lung de formare a propriei politici bugetar-fiscale și a strategiilor de planificare și gestionare a propriului buget. Actualitatea articolului este determinată de necesitatea evaluării Republicii Moldova, ca stat independent, în perioada de tranziție către o economie de piață. Impactul crizelor economice, sociale și politice au condus la implementarea noilor reforme (privatizarea, liberalizarea financiară și democratizarea) inițiate de către noul guvern. Scopul cercetării este de a analiza evoluția impactului crizelor asupra indicatorilor bugetari-fiscali la nivel național. Criteriul de evaluare a economiei este bazat pe unul din principalii indicatori macroeconomici (PIB), care la rîndul său este într-o interdependență cu indicatorii bugetari-fiscali. Drept reper în evaluarea Bugetului Național Public (BPN) au servit cele mai importante evenimente ce au marcat economia Republicii Moldova de la obținerea Independenței. Bugetul public reprezintă cea mai importantă parte componentă a sistemului financiar și este influențat de principalele venituri și cheltuieli ale statului exprimate prin deficit sau excedent. În pofida șocurilor externe si interne, începînd de la criza economică generală din 1991, conflictul regional cu Transnistria (războiul civil) din 1992,criza financiara din Rusia, criza economiă-financiară globală din 2008-2009, seceta din 2012, criza bancară din 2014, criza pandemică (Covid-19) din 2020 și a crizei energetice din 2021, țara și-a menținut stabilitatea macroeconomică, marcînd o îmbunătățire constantă a economiei.

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Karaçor, Zeynep, Mücahide Küçüksucu i Sevilay Konya. "An Evaluation of Turkish Economy's Performance Under the Information Economics". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02290.

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Economics is the art of providing unlimited human needs with scarce resources as it comes to teaching. Very few of these resources have been used in such a way that they are ready in nature. Almost all of the goods and services that can meet the needs are obtained by the application of human labor (labor force) and capital to commodity. In recent years, labor capital and commodity factors were first added to entrepreneurs and then technology. Thus, the system we call the production process emerges. This study based on the information economy, the information economics indicator with Turkey's latest data is intended to demonstrate the performance. First of all, after the conceptual framework of the information economics, its distinctive qualities and development process, the effects of these developments on societies and economies will be evaluated. For the intended purpose, indicators such as R&D activities and R&D personnel employment, patent application and registration numbers, number of scientific publications and access to information were examined in Turkish economy. Finally, Turkey made the comparison with developed countries in economic terms and has been observed that the desired level of the Turkish economy in terms of the information economics.

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Tengiz, Yusuf Ziya, i Emine Şule Aydeniz. "The Analysis of the Effects of Financial Risks in Turkey and Russia on Basic Economical Data between 2000-2014". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01353.

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Financial risks affect the basic economic indicators in a negative way and cause structural deformation of the countries’ economy. In this study, the most effected economic indicators due to financial risks in Turkey and Russia and to activate their economical future plans are determined. Thereby Turkey and Russia can execute economical collaboration due to their powerful economies. The basic reason for choosing Russia among the Eurasian countries is that Russia economic aspect is the most patronized among these countries. Linear regression analyze method is applied. Financial risks like exchange rates, interest rates and inflation are determined as independence variants and each economic indicator as dependent variant. Gross domestic product (GDP) is mostly affected by annual deposit interest rate (ADIR) and annual loan rate (ALR) in Turkey and by annual loan rate and inflation in Russia. GDP growth rate is not affected by financial risks in Turkey and Russia. Public gross import stock is affected by ADIR and ALR in Turkey and ALR in Russia. Public gross export stock is affected by US-dollar rate of exchange (RoE) in Turkey and Euro (RoE) in Russia. Import is affected by ADIR and ALR in Turkey and by ALR and Euro – Rouble rate (ERR) in Russia. Both countries export are affected by the same parameters. Current account balance is affected by ADIR and ALR in Turkey and ADIR and ERR in Russia. Composite index is not affected by financial risks in both countries. Same result is valid in foreign direct investment and GDP growth rate.

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Katsarski, Nikolay. "CONCEPTUAL ECONOMIC INDICATORS IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY". W 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s21.068.

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Environmental pollution from production waste and disposal of household, electronic and other equipment is becoming more and more noticeable. This requires a rethinking of business processes in enterprises. Waste management is becoming a major problem of our society. Therefore, a targeted policy at the local and national levels is crucial. This requires a change in legislation in this area, as well as the development of specific measures to tackle the problems. To this end, however, we need indicators to determine the state and impact of the circular economy at local and national levels. In addition, the relationship of the circular economy to business processes and business, in general, must be observed. At present, the following indicators are used at the European level - Production and consumption, Waste management, Secondary raw materials, Competitiveness and innovation. The aim of this publication is to analyze the existing indicators and give recommendations to broaden the scope of the presentation, on the one hand. On the other hand, to present the need to add new indicators to influence management decision-making by business and public authorities.

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Gerni, Cevat, Selahattin Sarı, Mustafa Kemal Değer i Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "Liberalism and Economic Growth in Transition Economies". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00290.

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In the world economy, since 1960s, countries, which are open and apply liberal policies succeeded higher economic growth and welfare. Therefore, liberal policies became more attractive. In that case, the transition, which has political, economic, and socio-cultural aspects, means moving from socialist-authoritarian structure to market based-liberal structures. In the literature, there are many studies which point out labor force and capital are not significant on the economic growth. In addition, the literature focuses on the importance of institutions on the economic growth. In this study, we compare the countries which were quickly away from the socialist structures with the countries which were slow on the reforms. Our analysis depends on their economic growth with cross section. However, we know the importance of institutional aspects on the growth research; therefore, we applied 2SLS regression analysis and to determine the economic liberalism indicators we used political rights, civil liberties, years that were under the socialism, openness, secondary school ratio, and public spending/GDP ratio. In the late phase, GDP per capita, as an indicator of economic growth, is explained with an independent variable which is predicted in the first phase via liberalism variable, and labor-population ratio and constant capital stock GDP ratio variables used in Neo-classical Solow-type growth model.

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Yurdadoğ, Volkan, Haşim Akça i İlter Ünlükaplan. "Evaluating Transformation Process in Central Asian Turkic Republics in terms of Privatization and Economic Freedom on 25th Anniversary of the Transiti". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01317.

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The phrase of “Transition economies”, covering various countries as well as Caucasus and Central Asian Turkic Republics, was found its place in the literature by the 1980’s and this transformation process from the centrally planned economy to market economy was analyzed with economic and fiscal dimension. Undoubtedly, the transition process of these countries wouldn’t be easy and exhibits differences, especially for the Central Asian Turkic Republics, as they were governed under the command economy over many years. Related studies is put forward the increasing importance and future predictions within this scope. Two of the most economical and fiscal prosperity indicators of the transition economies are reconstruction of government and privatization implementations. In this context, after literature review analyzing the privatization implementations and the level of economic freedom indexes related to reconstruction of government by many dimensions under seminal international databases are crucial for that countries. In this study, after the 25 years of transition of Caucasus and Central Asian Turkic Republics, in 2016, reconstruction of government and privatization implementations are examined both in fiscal and economically. Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan are not only the prosperous countries in this respect but also have outstanding mining and underground resources. We also reach that the reform process of transition and the prosperity of economic indicators have not been strongly correlated.

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Šimić, Vladimir, i Lena Malešević Perović. "The Level of Development – Students’ Perceptions and Beyond: The Case of Balkan Countries". W Sixth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2022.325.

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This paper investigates the level of development in Balkan countries through comparison of the common development indicators. A starting point is the perception of the level of economic development by a group of first year economics students at the Faculty of Economics, Business and Tourism in Split, Croatia. With the students typically not being aware (familiar) of how rich (poor) their country is, this study provides a deeper investigation of the level of development of Croatia and compares it with several countries from the neighborhood. The investigation employs commonly used indicators of economic development – GNI (Gross national income) per capita as usually reported by the World Bank, but also takes into account additional indicators like HDI (Human development index) and life satisfaction indicator. Overall, the study provides an interesting review and comparisons between countries and resolves some misperceptions that are typically present in general public.

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Tengiz, Yusuf Ziya, Emine Şule Aydeniz i Ali Göksenli. "Effects of Financial Risks in Turkish and Eurasian Economies on Real Economic Growth and Public Sector Borrowing: 2000-2013". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01083.

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The effects of global and economical crisis on Turkey and Eurasian countries depend strongly on countries’ dependence ratio of foreign trade, on integrations and economic structure. Real economic growth of Russian and Belarus economies is affected by Euro and US-dollar rate of exchange (RoE), Kazakhstan’s economy by Euro RoE, Turkmenistan’s by Euro exchange and interest and Turkish economy by Euro RoE and consumer price index (CPI). The effect of public borrowings ratio on gross domestic product is affected in Russian economy by Euro RoE, CPI and interests 1 and 2, in Kazakhstan economy by US dollar RoE and interest, in Belarus economy by US dollar RoE, interest and CPI, in Turkmenistan’s by Euro RoE and interest and Turkish economy by interest and CPI. Russia must regulate improving economy politics in Euro exchange, interest and CPI indicators to increase real economical growth and decrease ratio of public borrowings on gross domestic product. Kazakhstan must focus on Euro RoE, US dollar RoE, interest and CPI indicators. The same situation is valid for Belarus. Turkmenistan must give importance to Euro exchange and interests in its politics of economy. Turkey must take Euro exchange, CPI and interests into consideration. Thereby real economy growth will increase and ratio of public borrowings on gross domestic product will decrease. To decrease shocks against fragility, to develop global competition strength and decrease of foreign-source dependency, Turkey and Eurasian countries must develop new strategies and constitute and develop economy politics for global competition capacity.

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Özer, Bilal, Alper Karaağaç i Ismail Önden. "The Effects Of 2008 Global Crisis On Eurasian Countries' Economies". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00127.

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With the ongoing technological progress new transportation and communication channels have emerged, and interactions between people and therefore states has increased significantly. As a consequence of this development the concept of globalization, meaning the disappearance of the boundaries between states, has arisen. Thus the process of integration between the economies of states has started, which increased the dependency and interaction of the state economies. Hence, an economics crisis appearing in a particular state effects all of the countries integrated to this integrated system. In this study it is aimed to research that in what degree the Eurasian economies are integrated to the world economy, and affected from the recent economic crisis. The changes of the growth rates of the economies of Eurasian states during the crisis have been considered in order to employ them in the analysis of these affects. Moreover, by considering the basic economic indicators of those states such as unemployment rate, consumer price index, budget deficit, current deficit, it is aimed that to reach a general view of those states economic positions.

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Kenig, Eduard, i Angela Secrieru. "The methodology for financial systems assessment from the perspective of sustainable economic growth". W 4th Economic International Conference "Competitiveness and Sustainable Development". Technical University of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/csd2022.40.

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This article presents the synthesis of research activities on the evaluation methodology of the financial system, including its components through the lens of the objective of ensuring sustainable economic growth. The objectives pursued in the evaluation process, the system of indicators and the necessary arguments are formulated. The authors evaluate the financial system in Israel and the Republic of Moldova, including whether its are market-oriented and sufficiently open, efficient and solid; if high standards of transparency, trust and integrity are met. Next, the relationship between the financial system and economic growth in a small open economy of Israel and the Republic of Moldova is empirically examined. The analysis is carried out using two indicators to measure the level of financial development. The first indicator is the financial depth or size of the financial intermediaries sector, measured by the monetization ratio (M2/GDP). The second indicator is the ratio of credit granted to the private sector by commercial banks as a percentage of GDP (financial intermediation ratio).

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "ECONOMIC INDICATORES"

Ehrlich, Gabriel, John Haltiwanger, Ron Jarmin, David Johnson i Matthew Shapiro. Re-engineering Key National Economic Indicators. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, lipiec 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26116.

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Luomi, Mari, Fatih Yilmaz i Thamir Al Shehri. The Circular Carbon Economy Index 2022 – Results. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks---2022-dp18.

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The circular carbon economy (CCE) concept provides a holistic, flexible and pragmatic framework for countries to plan their energy and economic transitions to lower carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emission levels and, ultimately, net-zero emissions. The CCE Index measures countries’ progress in and potential for reaching CCEs. It is a composite indicator comprising 43 individual, quantitative variables or indicators. The datasets underlying each indicator are harmonized across countries and derived from robust and reputable sources.

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Luomi, Mari, Fatih Yilmaz i Thamir Alshehri. The Circular Carbon Economy Index 2022 – Results. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2022-dp18.

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Griliches, Zvi. Patent Statistics as Economic Indicators: A Survey. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, marzec 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3301.

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Buckles, Kasey, Daniel Hungerman i Steven Lugauer. Is Fertility a Leading Economic Indicator? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, luty 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24355.

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McCall, Jamie. Community Development in the Southeast: Regional Economic Indicators. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, czerwiec 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/comm.dev.se.

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Stock, James, i Mark Watson. A Probability Model of The Coincident Economic Indicators. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, listopad 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2772.

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Carpio, Carlos, Manuel Garcia, Ana R. Rios, Tullaya Boonsaeng, Juan M. Murguia i Alcido Wander. Static and Dynamic Economic Resilience Indicators for Agrifood Supply Chains: The COVID-19 Pandemic in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, czerwiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004976.

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Given its enormous adverse effects on production systems and the economy, the recent COVID-19 pandemic has heightened interest in studying resilience in agrifood systems; however, only a few studies have used formal methods for resilience measurement. This study's overall objective was to identify, develop, and use indicators to measure the resilience of the agrifood supply chain. Specific research objectives were 1) to identify and develop survey-based indicators of the economic resilience of agribusinesses; 2) to use the indicators to measure and analyze the economic resilience of the agrifood supply chain in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to the COVID-19 pandemic; and 3) to evaluate differences in the economic resilience of agribusinesses in the different supply chain stages to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data for the study were collected through two online surveys conducted in 2020 and 2022. Two resilience indicators were identified and developed: a static (SRES) and a dynamic (DRES) indicator. SRES measures the ability of businesses to avoid business losses within each study period. DRES measures firms capacity to recover business activity after an initial negative revenue shock. Study results reflect that, on average, the LAC agrifood supply chain firms in the sample were able to adapt and recover from the disruptions of a global health pandemic. The effects of the pandemic were not homogeneous across firms, nor was their adaptive resilience to the disruption.

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Diakonova, Marina, Corinna Ghirelli, Luis Molina i Javier J. Pérez. The economic impact of conflict-related and policy uncertainty shocks: the case of Russia. Madrid: Banco de España, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/23707.

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We show how policy uncertainty and conflict-related shocks impact the dynamics of economic activity (GDP) in Russia. We use alternative indicators of “conflict”, relating to specific aspects of this general concept: geopolitical risk, social unrest, outbreaks of political violence and escalations into internal armed conflict. For policy uncertainty we employ the workhorse economic policy uncertainty (EPU) indicator. We use two distinct but complementary empirical approaches. The first is based on a time series mixed-frequency forecasting model. We show that the indicators provide useful information for forecasting GDP in the short run, even when controlling for a comprehensive set of standard high-frequency macro-financial variables. The second approach, is a SVAR model. We show that negative shocks to the selected indicators lead to economic slowdown, with a persistent drop in GDP growth and a short-lived but large increase in country risk.

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Jackson, R. S., i William A. Rogers. Natural Resources Research Program: Development of an Economic Impact Performance Indicator for the Corps of Engineers Recreation Program. Phase 2. Fiscal Years 1987 and 1988 Economic Impact Performance Indicators. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzec 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada220304.

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