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1
Granath, Jakob. "ECONOMIC CRISES AND CRIME : The Effects of the Great Recession on Swedish Crime Rates". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448078.
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This paper investigates the impact of the 2008's financial crisis on local crime rates in Sweden. I deploy a difference-in-differences approach that contrasts the changes in reported crimes between municipalities that are more or less crisis-exposed. The results show no significant effect on any crime category nor the aggregate crime rate. However, there are indications of more densely populated municipalities experiencing an increase in crimes with underlying financial incentives, although not robust. The results are similar when the effect of the Great Recession is compared to the major financial crisis that hit Sweden in the early 90s, suggesting that economic crises do not cause any reactions in crimes. One explanation could be the increase in social grants recipients and the participation in labour market programmes. Both of which cushions the fall in income and reduces criminal motivation. The results appear robust for a variety of alternative severity measures. Potential spillovers between adjacent municipalities do not seem to be a threat as the results are similar for county-level regressions. Overall, the findings in this paper point towards the number of reported crimes being unaffected by the crisis exposure measured as the employment change and change in retail sales.
2
Pushmina, J. "The world economic crisis “epidemic”". Thesis, Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61316.
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Морозова, Ірина Анатоліївна, Ирина Анатольевна Морозова, Iryna Anatoliivna Morozova i A. V. Oleynyk. "World economic crisis. Latvia's madness". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13406.
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Giwa, Titilola Opeyemi. "Optimal investment strategy for economies in crisis". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268801.
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The aim of this work is to determine the best response of investment to shocks and crisis situations. The problems that arise during crises vary depending on each country's peculiarities. However, there are some things that are common in almost all situations. In very many cases, we find that from the household level where children are pulled out of school and put to work to support family income to the government decision on education funding, one thing is common - investment tends to be cut. In standard optimal growth models consumption and investment generally turn out to be a fixed fraction of output. When a crisis occurs, this fixed fraction of a lower output means a lower level of investment. In an optimal growth framework with Cobb-Douglas production function and logarithmic utility function, I present a model that adds a feature called 'the gap' that describe the domestic situation. Developing countries are often plagued by sociopolitical and economic factors that constrain their productivity and/or capacity utilisation. When weakened in this way, an exogenous shock that causes a loss of capital could have devastating effects. In such a situation depreciation could conceivable exceed its natural rate and it is this difference between the actual rate experienced and the natural rate that I call 'the gap'. I argue that when 'the gap' exists, there are additional benefits to be reaped from investment. The model I present demonstrates that under certain conditions, rather than investing a fixed fraction, the rate of investment should actually increase such that investment is maintained at itspre-crisis level. This is opti~al and desirable because in the long run, the welfare path of economies that follow this strategy is superior. This result is empirically tested using a simple regression model. First, I determine the investment strategy followed by a sample of countries worst hit by the debt crisis of the mid-eighties, then I examine the income and consumption paths. The results show that the majority of the sample countries followed the implied optimal strategy, and these countries followed a superior income and welfare path in the post-crisis years. This result therefore lends support to the model presented, and also raises an important question. Why is it that countries that followed the optimal path only seem to be marginally better off than those that did not? To answer this question, I examine the issue of financing the investment decision. For many countries in crisis, the availability of credit was a crucial factor. Many faced the dilemma of needing funds, yet being unable to attract it because creditors considered them too risky. In an extended version of the basic model, I show that more debt was not optimal for funding the investment choice. Although following the optimal path would result in higher output, as long as funding was through debt, consumption and welfare would only be marginally better because of the future burden of debt service. On the other hand, selffinancing would require severe cuts in consumption that may not be justifiable in terms of long run gains. The solution - aid and financial support for export oriented adjustment programs should be given by international financial organisations to countries that choose to follow the optimal investment strategy. This would preserve and improve the qualityof such organisations' investment, and ensure an even better welfare path for debtor countries in the long run
5
Mamahit, Desi Albert. "Indonesia : the economic crisis 1997-1998". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA350161.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.Thesis advisor(s): K.L. Terasawa, Bill Gates. "June 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-181). Also available online.
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Demianchuk, O., i A. Chaikivska. "Energy efficiency and the economic crisis". Thesis, SumyState University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45288.
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At this stage of the Ukrainian economy development the problem of energy shortages has escalated, as a result of resources of energy-intensive production, inefficient use of fuel and energy resources (FER), reducing own sources and increasing prices for imported ones. Economic growth in Ukraine depend on the amount of own available resources, potential of energy efficiency and energy intensity of leading industries.
7
Durgut, Ahmet. "The 1994 economic crisis in Turkey". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FDurgut.pdf.
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Ladpli, Pimpen. "Economic policy and development in south-east Asian economies". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390602.
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Gonçalves, Daniela Maria Santiago. "Consumption and emotional compensation in economic crisis". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9854.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThe present work project aims to study the Portuguese consumer attitude towards non essential goods during economic crisis. It is inspired by a recent trend described in the media as the Lipstick Effect. In order to address the abovementioned objective, we conduct a research that includes an exploratory phase (Case Studies) and a descriptive phase (Questionnaires). Please note that we do not aim to define “economic crisis”, the concept in the work project is “perceived economic crisis”. The analysis reveals that Portuguese women reflect a need for emotional compensation during economic crisis and so, despite facing budget constraints, they still make expenditures on non essential goods. The non essential goods where female consumers maintain their expenditure are essentially related to Beauty Care and Telecommunications.
10
Dolega, Leszek. "UK high streets during global economic crisis". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/368179/.
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The 2008-09 global economic crisis has impacted UK high streets and town centres in complex and little understood ways. In addition, the vitality of UK high streets has been differentially impacted by three other forces and has become an increasing focus of government and public anxiety: These forces include: (i) the progressive rise of online shopping, (ii) the complex consequences of the implementation of a ‘town centre first’ policy in retail development and (iii) the rise of often underestimated influence of convenience culture. This research investigates the response of UK high streets to these drivers of change, and seeks to make three main contributions. First, to provide new descriptive evidence on the differential performance of UK retail centres during and since the economic crisis. Although some of these findings parallel those suggested by specialist commercial research companies they also significantly extend available knowledge. In particular, they depict the discrepancy in the response of independent and multiple retailers to the economic and competitive shocks. Second, to identify the key drivers of town centre performance, by employing the multivariate analysis of that issue at both cross-regional and intra-urban levels. The cross-regional analysis derives seven factors associated with retail centre enhanced resilience or fragility to the economic crisis; the intra-urban analysis validates and reinforces the results of the cross-regional analysis and provides further insights into the dynamics of UK town centres performance in the post-crisis decade. Third, to conceptualise the nature of UK retail centres’ complex adjustment to the shock of economic crisis and other forces of change, by exploring alternative interpretations of the resilience of economic systems. In particular, we use the concept of adaptive resilience to understand the dynamic process through which UK high streets have gradually and constantly evolved. We suggest a conceptual framework which links the notions of adaptive capacity and adaptive resilience and indicates how a position of a centre in adaptive cycle and the role of various actors are important to performance of that centre. At a time when the economic health of high streets has generated a large amount of research, the findings of this study have the potential to contribute to the policy agenda and set a benchmark against which future research can be positioned and interpreted.
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Дядечко, Алла Миколаївна, Алла Николаевна Дядечко, Alla Mykolaivna Diadechko i G. Tkachenko. "Spur of competition to meet economic crisis". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16935.
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To support competition on the national level we suggest realizing of the following measures: providing of tax remissions to the most competitive producers, supporting innovations and subsidizing of the most efficient innovative projects throught open competition, diffusion of the policy of attracting skilled workers with high educational level, realization of government projects through organization competition credits at the interest rates.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16935
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Coomber, Jayson. "Zimbabwe's economic crisis & hyperinflation, 1997-2009". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12427.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-67).Includes abstract.
The focus of this paper will be on Zimbabwe’s particular hyperinflationary episode. The crisis has its roots in Zimbabwe's struggle for independence, which took place in the 1970s. This struggle, known as the Second Chimurengo, culminated in Zimbabwe’s declaration of Independence on April 18, 1980. The incumbent President Mugabe has repeatedly referred to the current period of Zimbabwe’s history as the Third Chimurenga: the final stage in Zimbabwe's battle against those he terms the "neo-colonialists" (Raftopoulos, 2009). Given all the hyperinflations of the past, the question to be asked is whether the Zimbabwean experience is an isolated economic novelty; or, rather, is it simply a repetition of the economic and political follies that have plagued some of the fiat governments of the modern world? The purpose of this research, then, is to provide a detailed historical account of the economic side of the crisis, documenting the observable causes and phenomena that accompanied it. This account will then form the basis of a historical analysis of the key features that the Zimbabwean episode shares with other past hyperinflations, in an attempt to draw universal conclusions about the emergence and development of such episodes.
13
Kopec, Andrew. "Economic Crisis and American Literature, 1819-1857". The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1365760287.
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Asgari, Leila. "Construction Procurements during the 2008 Economic Crisis". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/323448.
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In this study, I examine how the 2008 economic crisis and resulting stimulus spending affected firms' costs and project prices paid by one state government, using data from highway construction procurements in Arizona. To fully investigate the extent of these effects, I develop a structural auction model that establishes an intertemporal link to firms' marginal costs (both participation and construction costs) by introducing dynamic synergies from bidding and winning auctions, i.e., the current costs can be decreased for the firms that bid (participated) or won in a previous period. The presence of bidding synergies can be explained by lower participation cost for a bidder who prepared a bid in the previous round. The potential explanation for winning synergies is the existence of synergistic and complementary tasks across multiple projects. The estimates show that bidding and winning synergies did exist and did affect firms' marginal costs. Moreover, cost estimates show that firms' construction costs were, on average, 5.4 percentage points lower during the crisis. Part of the reason for the cost reduction is that the stimulus resulted in frequent small projects, which encouraged many bidders to participate, thereby enjoying from bidding and winning synergies, and lowering costs.
15
Wynarczyk, Peter. "Economic crisis and the crisis in economics : internal and external historical aspects of the development of monetary thought in the interwar period - a methodological appraisal". Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236929.
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Ghorbani, Mehrnoosh, i Yiping Cai. "Economic Crisis and Relationships : How Economic Crisis Affect Family Firm’s Contractual Relationship and What is the Driving Logic for the Change?" Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-19188.
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Leading up to the time just before the economic and global meltdown of 2008, economist and theorist forecasted as early as 2005 about and impending financial crisis that would affect every sector of the business and financial community. As we discover in more dramatic detail that family firms are occupying a big percentage in small to medium size enterprises, we wondered how they would be affected by such a high degree of uncertainty and volatility in the financial markets during the economic crisis. With these factors in mind, we would like to see it in a more day–to–day, practical application within family firms. In the supply chain or procurement life-cycle, firms need to receive products and services from the supplier and the supplier will in turn offer those same services to the customer. The firm will tend to structure this tradeoff with a contractual structure to guarantee achievement of mutual benefit and economic objectives of the firm. On the other hand, family firms are famous for being distinguish from non-family firms in their non-economic objective they persuade along their businesses. Considering these two different logics that affects the decision of the firm in structuring contractual governance with the exchanging party. We ask the following questions in our purpose.
17
Villar, Frexedas Óscar. "Crisis and financial contagion: new evidences and new methodological approach". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/393933.
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Thesis consists of three empirical studies focusing on financial crisis, which base on different definitions of financial contagion definitions and use of methodological approaches. The first chapter defines contagion focusing on the channels of transmission of the crisis and uses the implementation of spatial econometrics as a mechanism for assessing contagion. Unlike the other methodologies used, spatial econometrics allows for an expression of the transmission mechanisms of crisis under explicit dynamic-spatial assumptions. The second and third chapters consider the definition of “shift-contagion”, a definition that is extremely useful to measure and test contagion. The second chapter follows a strategy based on the specification of an approximate factor model and assesses the presence of “shift-contagion” considering the presence of structural breaks in the variance of the common factors. The third chapter analyses the presence of “shift-contagion” using a new integration procedure that is robust to the main econometric problems of the financial time series, i.e., the lack of accounting for heteroscedastic variance.La tesis consiste en tres estudios empíricos que enfocan la crisis financiera, que se basan en las definiciones diferentes de definiciones de contagio financieras y empleo de accesos metodológicos. El primer capítulo define el contagio que enfoca los canales de transmisión de la crisis y usa la puesta en práctica de econometría espacial como un mecanismo para evaluar el contagio. A diferencia de otras metodologías la econometría usada, espacial permite para una expresión de los mecanismos de transmisión de crisis bajo suposiciones explícitas dinámicas espaciales. Los segundos y terceros capítulos consideran la definición "de shift-contagion", una definición que es sumamente útil para medir y probar el contagio. El segundo capítulo sigue una estrategia basada en la especificación de un factor aproximado modela y evalúa la presencia "de shift-contagion" que considera la presencia de roturas estructurales en la discrepancia de los factores comunes. El tercer capítulo analiza la presencia "de shift-contagion" que usa un nuevo procedimiento integrador que es robusto a los problemas principales econométricos de la serie de tiempo financiera, p. ej., la falta de contabilidad para la discrepancia heteroscedástica.
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TROMBETTA, FEDERICO. "MODELLING THE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE TYPE OF GOVERNMENT". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6224.
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Questa tesi contribuisce alla letteratura di economia politica attraverso l’analisi degli effetti di una crisi economica sulla tipologia di governo. In particolare, ci si concentra su due tipologie di governo che possono essere viste come anomalie empiricamente correlate a fenomeni di crisi economica e finanziaria: il populismo e la tecnocrazia.
Dopo una rassegna critica della letteratura esistente, si sviluppano due distinti modelli di teoria dei giochi. Il primo analizza il populismo nel contesto di una relazione principale-agente tra l’elettore e il politico. Concentrandosi su come la probabilità che si affermi un governo populista è influenzata dai parametri che catturano la situazione economica del Paese, si dimostra che, in un contesto di crisi economica, è più probabile che il governo attui provvedimenti populisti.
Il secondo modello spiega la comparsa di un governo tecnocratico (e in parte anche la sua stabilità) in un sistema politico in cui gli agenti principali sono due partiti e, in alcuni casi, un gruppo di tecnocrati. Qui si prova che il governo tecnocratico ha più probabilità di emergere in un contesto di crisi economica, quando il parlamento è equamente diviso e quando la distanza ideologica tra i due partiti è sufficientemente grande.This thesis contributes to the literature on theoretical political economy analyzing the effects of economic crisis on the types of government. In particular, we focus on two types of government that can be seen as anomalies empirically related with the emergence of financial and economic crisis: populism and technocracy. After a critical survey of the existing literature on those topics, we develop two different game-theoretical models. The first one studies populism in the context of a standard political-agency relationship between a voter and a politician. We see how the likelihood of the emergence of a populist government is affected by parameters representing the economic conditions of a country, and we find that, in a context of economic crisis, the government is more likely to make populist decisions. The second model explains the emergence of a technocratic government (and captures some issues related to its stability) in a post-election partisan politics setting where the main players are two parties and possibly a group of technocrats. We prove that the technocratic government is more likely to emerge in a context of economic crisis, when the parliament is evenly split and the ideological distance between the two parties is big enough.
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TROMBETTA, FEDERICO. "MODELLING THE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE TYPE OF GOVERNMENT". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6224.
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Questa tesi contribuisce alla letteratura di economia politica attraverso l’analisi degli effetti di una crisi economica sulla tipologia di governo. In particolare, ci si concentra su due tipologie di governo che possono essere viste come anomalie empiricamente correlate a fenomeni di crisi economica e finanziaria: il populismo e la tecnocrazia.
Dopo una rassegna critica della letteratura esistente, si sviluppano due distinti modelli di teoria dei giochi. Il primo analizza il populismo nel contesto di una relazione principale-agente tra l’elettore e il politico. Concentrandosi su come la probabilità che si affermi un governo populista è influenzata dai parametri che catturano la situazione economica del Paese, si dimostra che, in un contesto di crisi economica, è più probabile che il governo attui provvedimenti populisti.
Il secondo modello spiega la comparsa di un governo tecnocratico (e in parte anche la sua stabilità) in un sistema politico in cui gli agenti principali sono due partiti e, in alcuni casi, un gruppo di tecnocrati. Qui si prova che il governo tecnocratico ha più probabilità di emergere in un contesto di crisi economica, quando il parlamento è equamente diviso e quando la distanza ideologica tra i due partiti è sufficientemente grande.This thesis contributes to the literature on theoretical political economy analyzing the effects of economic crisis on the types of government. In particular, we focus on two types of government that can be seen as anomalies empirically related with the emergence of financial and economic crisis: populism and technocracy. After a critical survey of the existing literature on those topics, we develop two different game-theoretical models. The first one studies populism in the context of a standard political-agency relationship between a voter and a politician. We see how the likelihood of the emergence of a populist government is affected by parameters representing the economic conditions of a country, and we find that, in a context of economic crisis, the government is more likely to make populist decisions. The second model explains the emergence of a technocratic government (and captures some issues related to its stability) in a post-election partisan politics setting where the main players are two parties and possibly a group of technocrats. We prove that the technocratic government is more likely to emerge in a context of economic crisis, when the parliament is evenly split and the ideological distance between the two parties is big enough.
20
Pavlova, Natalia, i Ruslan Sagov. "Entrepreneurship in times of an economic crisis : An explanatory research on the impact of the economic crisis on entrepreneurial activity". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96029.
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Representatives of entrepreneurship always appear as one of the most vulnerable economic agents during a global crisis, especially if this crisis is of an unpredictable external nature. The purpose of this degree project is to determine the impact of an economic crisis on the development of forced and opportunity-based entrepreneurship, as well as how the context of an economic downturn affects creativity, which is a key compound of the entrepreneurial process. In order to accomplish this task, the researchers apply iterative induction strategy, resorting mainly to quantitative analysis method and ensuring that the study is credible, reliable and follows the core principles of business ethics. Within the course of the following degree project, the researchers conduct interviews with business representatives from various fields and countries, as well as analyze secondary statistics available for external crises of 20th and 21st centuries. The outcome of the research suggests that in times of a recession entrepreneurial activity based on intrinsic motivation and the use of market opportunities is suppressed due to such obstacles as unfavorable credit and uncertain economic environment, while generally compelled entrepreneurship usually develops, since it becomes one of the most effective methods to combat rising unemployment. The study also proves that government support is an important impetus for the recovery of SMEs during the post-crisis period. Last, but not least, is that the results of the interviewing and statistical data confirm that the state of an economic downturn has a positive effect on the development of creativity.
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Lee, Jooha. "Welfare Reform in Korea after the Economic Crisis". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495722.
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Pham, Nam. "International Business Conference: “Business Globally in Economic Crisis". Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652013.
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La conferencia trató sobre el análisis de la Crisis Económica reducida por el (COVID 19) y sus efectos en Estados Unidos y en el Mundo. Los puntos tratados se dividieron en tres partes: La primera, trató sobre la crisis económica y financiera provocada por el COVID 19 en USA, la Segunda sobre la situación mundial Post Covid-19 y las perspectivas de recuperación global y la tercera parte trató sobre la reapertura desde los SME hasta las Empresas Multinacionales Globales basándose en la Innovación.
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Anderson, Jeffrey J. "The territorial imperative : pluralism, corporatism, and economic crisis /". Cambridge (GB) ; New York ; Port Chester [etc.] : Cambridge university press, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36664575q.
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Hyat, Syed Afzal. "Origins of the Argentine economic crisis (1991-2002)". Thesis, Boston University, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/28574.
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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
2031-01-02
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Yildizoglu, Ergin. "A theoretical and historical study of crisis in the capitalist mode of production". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253653.
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Bernat, Molina Ignasi. "Mapping the crimes of the powerful and the economic crisis: crime, state and power". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673707.
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The ‘Mapping the Crimes of the Powerful and the Economic Crisis: Crime, State and Power’ focuses on four recent episodes of the different crisis affecting Southern Europe. Departing from criminological literature and crimes of the powerful, the thesis draws attention upon certain elements that made possible the conditions of possibility that led to these crises. The crises need to be understood as the result of the crimes of the powerful. Thus, the thesis interrogates the nature of the crimes of the powerful, as it understands that these crimes are those which produce a wider social harm. Answering from criminology requires an understanding of how these have been conceptualized. Particularly, the thesis defends that state-corporate crimes have to be understood as a process instead of the sum of different isolated cases. We need to locate them within a wider political economy growingly financialised and a set of corporate power relationships, but also colonial and patriarchal that relegate common resources and social rights to mere commodities. Corporate crimes play a key role in the process of power and wealth accumulation. The corporation is the institutionalisation of power relations (class, gender and colonial) where dispossession and violence take place. The corporation and the state that works in its behalf, have proved the capacity to pass laws, to threaten governments, to deploy illegal practices, neglect rights and dispossess people through corporate power and symbolic violence. The crimes of the powerful cannot be scrutinized outside of the political economy where these crimes occur. Financialization of the economy has been a common factor behind all these events that turned previous rights into commodities that had to be bought in the market. Finally, the thesis reclaims the importance of the geopolitical dimension as an element to understand the different kind of crimes that will happen in diverse areas. That is, regional power regimes shape the crimes of the powerful that will occur in each specific area. To comprehend the role played by each of these elements, state, economy and power continues to be central for a criminology that aims to be critical.La tesi ‘Mapping the Crimes of the Powerful and the Economic Crisis: Crime, State and Power’ es concentra en quatre episodis recents de les diverses crisis que afecten el sud d’Europa. Partint de la literatura criminològica i dels crims dels poderosos, la tesi fixa l’atenció en els diversos elements que han fet possible les condicions que han portat a aquestes crisis. Les crisis han de ser enteses com el resultat dels crims dels poderosos. D’aquesta forma la tesi s’interroga per la naturalesa dels crims dels poderosos, doncs entén que són aquests crims els que generen un major dany social. La tesi es pregunta per quina criminologia és necessària per poder respondre a aquests crims. En concret, la tesi defensa que els crims estatal-corporatius han de ser entesos com un procés enlloc de com una suma de successos diferents aïllats. Els hem de localitzar dins d’una economia política creixentment financiaritzada i un conjunt de relacions de poder corporatiu, però també colonial i patriarcal que relega els recursos comuns i els drets socials a meres mercaderies. Els crims corporatius juguen un rol central en el procés actual d’acumulació de poder i riquesa. La corporació és la institucionalització de relacions de poder (classe, gènere i colonial) a on la despossessió i la violència tenen lloc. La corporació i l’estat que treballa amb ella, han demostrat la capacitat d’aprovar lleis en benefici seu, amenaçar governs, emprar pràctiques il·legals, negar drets i desposseir a gent a través del poder corporatiu i de la violència simbòlica. Els crims dels poderosos no poden ser estudiats fora de l’estructura social on aquests són comesos. La financiarització de l’economia ha sigut un element comú de tots els crims estudiats aquí doncs a trinxat antics drets fins a convertir-los en mercaderies que calia comprar. Per últim, la tesi reivindica que la importància de la dimensió geopolítica com a element a l’hora d’entendre els tipus de crims que succeiran a cada regió. És a dir, els règims de poder regionals configuren els crims dels poderosos que es realitzaran a cada àrea específica. Comprendre el paper jugat per cada un d’aquests elements, estat, economia i poder, segueixen sent claus per una criminologia que aspiri a ser crítica.
Programa de Doctorat Interuniversitari en Dret, Economia i Empresa
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Uctug, Cagan. "Regulation Theory And Economic Crises: The Cases Of Greece And Turkey". Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615177/index.pdf.
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This thesis analyzes the economic crises of recent years through the lens of the Regulation Theory. It focuses on the Greek Crisis of 2009 and the Turkish Financial Crises of 2000 and 2001. Furthermore it also analyzes the crisis in the United States to give a better grounding for the current crises. The thesis tries to answer the questions of whether or not Regulation Theory proves to be a sufficient tool for analyzing these crises and whether or not these fit the definition of crisis that the Regulation Theory puts forward. It is argued that Regulation Theory explains to a great extent both the causes and the structure of the crises.
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Schlefer, Jonathan King. "Fractured elites : the politics of economic crisis in Mexico". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38442.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-203).
Economic crises are such powerful socioeconomic disasters that, not surprisingly, they are usually explained by powerful socioeconomic pressures, such as global financial speculation, structural economic failure, or populist demands. This thesis, in contrast, identifies the crucial role of elite politics. From the 1950s through the 1980s politics inside a tiny circle of high Mexican officials made the difference between economic crisis (when the exchange rate crashes) and stability. In the 1950s and 1960s, competing grupos, or cliques, within the ruling party abided by a "cooperative" system. The grupo whose leader won the internal contest for presidential nomination, hence automatically won the election, would do better, but losing grupos retained important posts. Such assurance of political survival allowed elites to defend the political system's long-run interests, not just their narrow self-interests, and avoid economic crises. In the 1970s and 1980s, "struggle" emerged as power conflicts became all-or-nothing, erupting in massive expenditures, other economic gambles, and crises. Public spending soared in pre-election years (27 percent in 1975, 22 percent in 1981), when grupos vied to build support for their leader's presidential nomination. Slashing it in the actual election years (0 growth in 1976, 8 percent decline in 1982, excluding debt payments) was too late to avert economic crisis. Most studies of economic crises in developing nations focus on what went wrong - and find too many possibilities. By scrutinizing Mexico's economic stability in the 1950s and 1960s (when nations such as Brazil and Argentina suffered repeated crises), this thesis is better able to discover the critical characteristics of political success that later eroded.
(cont.) The relationship between state and society did not change; the system of elite politics did. Many interviews with high officials reveal how this system worked, and illuminate important facets of Mexican economic history. The more general lesson is that politics at the heart of the state is not just a small replica of society. While external constituencies endure, elite factions survive or die politically. How they handle mutual conflicts can have momentous effects on a nation.
by Jonathan King Schlefer.
Ph.D.
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Gugler, Klaus, Michael Weichselbaumer i Christine Zulehner. "Competition in the economic crisis: Analysis of procurement auctions". Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2014.10.007.
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We study the effects of the recent economic crisis on firms' bidding behavior and markups in sealed bid auctions. Using data from Austrian construction procurements, we estimate bidders' construction costs within a private value auction model. We find that markups of all bids submitted decrease by 1.5 percentage points in the recent economic crisis, markups of winning bids decrease by 3.3 percentage points. We also find that without the government stimulus package this decrease would have been larger. These two pieces of evidence point to pro-cyclical markups. (authors' abstract)
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Córdoba, Doña Juan Antonio. "Withstanding austerity : economic crisis and health inequalities in Spain". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-130950.
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Background: Along with the austerity measures introduced in many countries, the economic crisis affecting Europe since 2008 seems to have impacted many aspects of the health of the Spanish population and has had a negative effect on the provision health services. An increasing body of knowledge has shown a clear impact of the current crisis on suicidal behaviour and mental health, and a less consistent effect on physical health and access to healthcare. However, little is known about the impact of the crisis on social inequalities in health and healthcare access, an area on which the present study seeks to shed light in the context of Spain, and specifically Andalusia, a region hit very hard by the crisis. Objective: To study the impact of the economic crisis starting in 2008 on health, health inequalities and health service utilisation in Spain and Andalusia and the roles of socio-demographic factors in these associations. Methods: Death rates were analysed to study the annual percent change in overall and cause-specific mortality in Spain between 1999 and 2011, and the Longitudinal Database of the Andalusian Population was used to study educational inequalities in overall mortality from 2002 to 2010 (study 1). To calculate suicide attempt rates, information from 2003 to 2012 on 11,494 men and 12,886 women provided by the Health Emergencies Public Enterprise Information System in Andalusia was utilised. The association between unemployment and suicide attempts was studied through linear regression models (study 2). Two waves of the Andalusian Health Survey (2007 and 2011–12) provided data for the third and fourth studies of this thesis. Educational and employment status inequalities in poor mental health in relation with the crisis were analysed through Poisson regression models (study 3). The change in inequalities (pre-crisis–crisis) in health care utilisation outcomes (general practitioner, specialist, hospitalisation and emergency attendance) was measured by the change in horizontal inequality indices. A decomposition analysis of change in inequality between periods was performed using the Oaxaca approach (study 4). Results: Study 1: Overall mortality in Spain decreased steadily during the period, with annual percent changes of -2.44% in men and -2.20% in women. An increase in educational inequality in mortality was observed in men in Andalusia. In women, the inequalities instead remained stable. Suicide mortality showed a downward trend in both sexes in Spain. Study 2: A sharp increase in suicide attempts in Andalusia was detected after the onset of the crisis in both sexes, with adults aged 35 to 54 years being the most affected. Suicide attempts were associated with unemployment rates only in men. Study 3: Poor mental health increased in working individuals with secondary and primary studies during the crisis compared to the pre-crisis period, while it decreased in the university study group. However, in unemployed individuals poor mental health increased only in the secondary studies group. Financial strain could partly explain the crisis effect on mental health among the unemployed. Study 4: Horizontal inequality in utilisation changed to a greater equality or a more pro-poor inequality in both sexes. In the decomposition analysis, socioeconomic position and health status showed greater contributions to the changes in inequalities. Conclusion: This thesis illustrates the complexity of the influences of the current economic crisis on health inequalities in a Southern European region. Specifically, no noticeable effects of the crisis on overall and suicide mortality were detected; instead, increasing educational inequalities in mortality in men and a large increase in suicide attempts in middle aged men and women were observed. The deterioration in poor mental health was mainly detected in those of intermediate educational level. Economic conditions such as unemployment and financial strain proved to be relevant. Finally, in the light of no increased inequalities in healthcare utilisation, the universal coverage health system seems to buffer the deleterious effect of the crisis and austerity policies in this context.
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Kim, Wangsik. "Economic crisis and financial reform in Japan and Korea". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3100053.
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Karner, Paul Edward. "Family networks and household outcomes in an economic crisis". Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/32884.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityThis thesis theoretically and empirically analyzes the nature and consequences of interactions between family members. The first chapter tests whether children's human capital accumulation was significantly affected by earnings shocks to their nonresident kin in the context of the 1997-8 financial crisis in Indonesia. The crisis produced sudden, heterogeneous shocks that facilitate the construction of an exogenous measure of earnings changes. Results indicate that earnings shocks to nonresident kin - including extended family and relatives living in other districts- significantly affected children's human capital accumulation between 1997 and 2000, and ultimate educational attainment measured nearly a decade after the crisis hit. Supplementary results point to intra-family transfers, underpinned by ex post altruism, as an important channel of causation. The second chapter develops a theoretical model of private transfers underpinned by ex post altruism among members of a network. I use this model to analyze equilibrium transfer patterns and inequality under alternative income distributions and network structures. I demonstrate the general intuition that transfers obtain in equilibrium when the amount of altruism is sufficiently strong relative to income inequality. Within the networks that I analyze, every equilibrium involving transfers takes the same form: unique income thresholds separate senders from receivers. Effective risk sharing takes place among senders and receivers, while those at intermediate incomes remain in autarky. Every equilibrium gives rise to the same set of allocations. I contrast these predictions with insurance-based theories of transfers in which risk sharing is operative for small in come differences and may fall apart at large income differences. The third chapter uses longitudinal data spanning nearly fifteen years to test whether transfers among family members within Indonesia are consistent with ex post altruism, against the alternative of insurance. I use the predicted effects of permanent versus transitory income on transfers, as well as theoretical predictions from the second chapter regarding the shape of transfer functions , to carry out this test. The results provide some evidence that transfer motives are inconsistent with insurance but consistent with ex post altruism.
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Rubini, Andrea <1994>. "The Economic Paradox of Austerity after the 2008 Crisis". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14143.
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L'obbiettivo dell'analisi consiste nell'approfondire la ricerca riguardo la crisi scoppiata 10 anni fa negli Stati Uniti e che sembra non avere fine. Attraverso lo studio, sarà possibile comprendere le cause che hanno portato alla crisi, le dinamiche del suo sviluppo, e i motivi per cui è così difficile riprendere uno sviluppo economico e combattere la disoccupazione. La tesi comincia con un riassunto delle principali cause che hanno portato alla crisi dei mutui subprime negli Stati Uniti, e ciò che questo ha significato per l'economia. In seguito sarà analizzato come la crisi ha raggiunto il vecchio continente e si è sviluppata. Questo capitolo è suddiviso in varie parti, nella prima si guarderà al paese maggiormente colpito, la Grecia. In seguito guardiamo come una bolla ha creato una crisi in Irlanda e Spagna, e in ultimo guarderemo a due stati con caratteristiche molto similari: Italia e Portogallo. Prendendo in considerazione le risposte alla crisi, passeremo poi ad esaminare l'austerità e il liberalismo, usando un approccio teorico. In fine, la situazione finanziaria ed economica verrà studiata, tentando di dimostrare come l'austerità e il liberalismo abbiano contribuito alla crisi, e abbiano creato un maggiore divario sociale, ma anche come sia difficile uscire dal regime fiscale mainstream. Verrà dedicata particolare attenzione all'Italia in questa fase. Nella conclusione, i più importanti risultati emersi dallo studio saranno presi in considerazione.
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Ntampoudi, Ioanna. "Can economic crises constitute collective identity crises? : the case of Greek European identity during the Greek debt/Eurozone crisis". Thesis, Aston University, 2017. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/37501/.
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This thesis consists of a socio-psychological study of Greek European identity within the context of the Greek debt/Eurozone crisis. Drawing insights from Social Representations Theory (SRT) and Social Identity Theory (SIT), it approaches the question of identity in a dual manner, as are presentation and a psychological experience. The motivation of the research is enacted through the questioning of whether economic crises can provoke crises of collective identities. Its contribution is both theoretical and empirical. The thesis argues that although the term ‘identity crisis’ is a frequently used one, especially in conditions of post-modernity, an analytical elucidation of the varied destabilising dynamics behind potential ‘identity crises’ is unclear within existing literature. Furthermore, it is postulated that as useful and enlightening a social psychological approach may be for the study of identities, and although SIT’s focus on identity threats as destabilising for group self-esteem can help us understand identity dynamics, the discipline still lacks a more systematic analytical framework of identity destabilisations. The thesis develops an elaborate typology and conceptualisation of identity destabilisations and operationalises it for the study of Greek European identity through a triangulated single case study research design, combining a variety of data sources, such as historiographical data, media texts, expert and elite interviews, and interviews with non-expert citizens. The typology includes the destabilisations of identity conflict,identity devaluation, identity overvaluation and identity deficit. The results of the study indicate that the public discourse of the debt/Eurozone crisis has been abundant in representations of all such identity destabilisations. The interviews with Greek experts and elites, called in this study ‘ideational leaders’, and with non-expert citizens, designate that the most prevalent forms of identity destabilisation, both at the level of representation and of psychological experience in Greek society are those of identity conflict and identity devaluation. The results show a distinct public preoccupation with ideas, such as national self-reflection and collective responsibility. The representations made by expert and non-expert citizens approximate each other quite closely, while comparisons across the data sources and across time bring to the fore continuities of narratives and identity representations, which are explained within SRT’s assumption of anchoring as a return to previously established knowledge for the comprehension of new phenomena, as well as within the constraints faced by discursive actors in their attempts to construct new realities. It is concluded that a new narrative is necessitated for Greek European identity.
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Dankbaar, Bernard. "Economic crisis and institutional change the crisis of Fordism from the perspective of the automobile industry /". Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers Maastricht ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1993. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6229.
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Djafar, Zainuddin. "Rethinking the Indonesian crisis : a study of the political dimensions of Indonesia's economic crisis, 1997-99". Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408873.
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Balachandran, G. "Indian monetary policy and the international liquidity crisis during the inter-war years (1919-1939)". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1989. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28452/.
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This thesis examines the multi-lateral considerations that, in our view, underlay the formulation of monetary policy in India in the period between the two world wars. During and after the First World War, Britain faced a severe liquidity crisis. We argue that monetary policy in India was formulated to take account of this crisis. Traditionally, India was a large absorber of gold on the non-monetary account. The persistent aim of British monetary policy in the Indian context during the entire interwar period was that of not allowing India to set up a monetary demand for gold in addition to her non-monetary demand for it and secondly, through deflationary policies (including exchange rate adjustments), to limit India's non-monetary gold demands to the minimum. Indian gold exports during the depression, which gave room for manoeuvre in the management of the sterling after September 1931, were a logical sequel to this policy. The British liquidity crisis in this period took the form of her current account surpluses being inadequate to support a high level of overseas lending. Besides, in an uncertain financial environment, Britain was a large short-term debtor as the British bank rate acted as much to increase her short-term liabilities as it did by calling in her short-term assets. The British desire to return to gold at the pre-1914 parity required domestic deflation which itself was a matter of severe political contention. In the circumstances, Britain hoped her return to gold would be accomplished by a US inflation and US export of capital. Compounding this situation was the thinly veiled fear, in Britain, of the erosion of the key currency role of the sterling and the loss of its global financial leadership to the USA. Control over Indian monetary policy and its outcome proved valuable to Britain in this environment.
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Gomes, Mafalda Cristina Almeida. "The impact of the economic crisis on the quality of health services". Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11761.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economicspurpose of this project is to analyze the impact of the crisis on the quality of health care provided, as well as the extent in which the levels of quality were affected by the decrease in resources and increase in patients’ health problems. By using patient level data from the DRG database, the effects will be estimated taking into account the demand and supply side factors, individual and illness’ episode characteristics. Results convey a deterioration of the quality indicators from 2009 to 2010. However, unemployment, a variable characterizing the crisis due to its magnitude, showed to have no significance statistically. Finally, the results also suggest that, the effects of the crisis created pressure in the financial situation of the hospitals, which led to inferior quality health services.
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Pirani, Pietro. "Economic sanctions as tool of influence, the role of economic sanctions in the Yugoslav crisis". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ39865.pdf.
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Tsarsitalidis, Georgios. "European Economic Crisis: Revisiting the Role of State, and its Cultural, Political and Economic Implications". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-207299.
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Ratko, Zinaida, i Kaan Ulgen. "The Impact of Economic Crisis on Small and Medium Enterprises: in perspective of Swedish SMEs". Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9357.
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Problem: Business world has met uncertainty, which settled everywhere: from global financial markets and national economies, to organizations and employees’ minds. As every crisis, this situation came unexpectedly, almost out of a clear blue sky. Sweden, being highly dependent on international development, has faced negative effects in all aspects of business life. SMEs have emerged as an engine of economic and social development throughout the world. As well as more than 99 percent of all enterprises in Sweden are classified as SMEs, the impact of economic crisis may be more than significant.
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of the current economic crisis and recession on the Small and Medium Enterprises in Sweden.
Method: In order to fulfill our purpose we combined both techniques – qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches. We used a quantitative analysis tool – survey to collect primary data from the SMEs. In its turn, qualitative analysis was implemented to see how the data from earlier studies and our findings can be interconnected.
Results: It was found, that companies are facing mostly negative effects. The perception of currently facing economic challenges can be assessed as anxious, which means that companies see the further development in a tough way. Damaged business confidence can be also recognized in pessimistic forecasts for profitability in 2009. However, the crisis can be considered as a driver for change. On the positive way, every downturn and faced challenge, e.g. stressful situation, stimulate organisations to analyze, look for new effective solutions and make decisions in the way they would never thought about. It was found out that importance of crisis planning is distinctly risisng during current times of uncertainty. Futhermore, companies tend to react on the faced challenges by designing, following crisis plans and creating special crisis teams.
Our research may help the businesses to understand what difficulties the majority is facing, and thus not only to prevent same risks but also turn them into opportunities.
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Santarcángelo, Juan E., i Roberto Lampa. "The international financial crisis: Theoretical debates, economic policies, and lessons". Economía, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116872.
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The global financial crisis has had a strong impact on most European countries. While at first the massive injection of resources helped the financial system not to collapse, the austerity policies implemented throughout the continent have not brought the expected economic growth. Interestingly, the type of intervention undertaken is rooted in the neoclassical tradition, which entails a specific understanding of the functioning of the financial system and the economy. In this context, the objectives of this paper are firstly, to analyze the main theoretical assumptions and the specific way in which the crisis is understood and the applied economic policies are developed under this tradition; and secondly, to account for the social and economic impact of the policies applied, and the different margins of action that each European country still has.La crisis financiera global ha tenido un fuerte impacto en las economías europeas centrales y fundamentalmente en las periféricas. Si bien en un primer momento, la masiva inyección de recursos logró que el sistema financiero no colapse, las políticas de austeridad aplicadas no han podido consolidar las dinámicas de crecimiento esperadas. Lo interesante del tipo de intervención desarrollada, es que las medidas han sido justificadas en base a una serie de trabajos teóricos que presentan una visión particular del funcionamiento del sistema financiero y de la economía. Eneste contexto, los objetivos del presente trabajo son por un lado, analizar los principales supuestos teóricos y modo específico de entender a la crisis que han fundamentado las políticas económicas aplicadas; y por el otro, dar cuenta del impacto económico y social de estas medidas intentando dar cuenta los diferentes márgenes de acción que aún hoy poseen los países europeos.
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Hashim, Amir. "Malaysian economic crisis causes, effects, recovery actions, and lessons learned /". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA379447.
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Thesis (M.S. in International Resource Planning and Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2000."June 2000." Thesis advisor(s): Looney, Robert E. ; Evered, Roger. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-87). Also available online.
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Tsimiklis, Georgios. "Offshore location decision and economic crisis (The case of Greece)". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-98207.
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Outsourcing is a trend that has penetrated many industries over the last years taking the form of offshore outsourcing in many cases. However the location decision that follows the offshore outsourcing or the offshoring decision is quite complex and almost impossible to be answered through a linear model. A series of frameworks have been developed attempting to facilitate the process above.The focus of this work is the analysis of the location decision making through the reflection of the existing literature and the example of a specific country, Greece. Greece is chosen as a dynamic environment where the recent economic crisis has provoked structural reforms at the country, affecting the attractiveness of the location. The analysis of country is based on an OECD recent survey while the comparison is made with the assistance of a specific location decision model.Based on the findings of this study, it can be claimed that the case of Greece is quite different compared to other countries at the past which have faced similar situations. Further the reforms that take place need more time in order to be projected and trigger the attractiveness of the location.
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Lopez-Cortes, Gustavo Cesar. "Mexican banking during economic reform : liberalisation, crisis, intervention (1982-1996)". Thesis, Lancaster University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266628.
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Nikolaev, S. "Economic crisis in Ukraine and some ways to overcome it". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66988.
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Today Ukraine has been “trapped in chronic crises”. In the country's
economy for a long time there were negative processes of
deindustrialization, prevalence of raw low-tech production, loss of
scientific potential and outflow of professional personnel, an increase in the
moral and physical depreciation of fixed assets.
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Miroshnychenko, K., Вікторія Олексіївна Щербаченко, Виктория Алексеевна Щербаченко i Viktoriia Oleksiivna Shcherbachenko. "Economic Crisis in Ukraine Caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/87046.
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У роботі класифіковано кризи. Досліджено причини соціально-економічної кризи в Україні. Запропоновано шляхи виходу з кризи, викликаною пандемією.В работе классифицированы кризисы. Исследованы причины социально-экономического кризиса в Украине. Предложены пути выхода из кризиса, вызванного пандемией.
The paper classifies crises. The causes of the socio-economic crisis in Ukraine have been studied. Ways out of the crisis caused by the pandemic are suggested.
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Omelchenko, O. S. "Ecological and economic sanctions in the system of crisis management". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13599.
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Environmental situation in Ukraine can be described as unsatisfactory. Technological environmental impact significantly exceeds similar figures in the developed countries. In conditions of the economic crisis the solution of problems regarding the application of ecological and economic sanctions against the environmentally unfriendly enterprises is an urgent matter. These issues should be a subject of the relevant scientific research.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13599
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McCoy, Elaine. "Economic crisis and state autonomy : a comparative study of the policy responses of the United States, Britain and Australia, 1967-1982 /". Title page, contents and introduction only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm1311.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Politics, 1987.18 col. transparencies with accompanying notes in v. 2 endpocket, 1 - in leaf 170 (v. 1) pocket. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 538-579).
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Gonzalez-Garcia, Jesus R. "Four essays on the 1994 Mexican crisis". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/111013/.
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Most of the thesis is devoted to studying the collapse of the Mexican peso in December 1994 using empirical methods that allow shifts in regimes, as well as a small theoretical model based on the escape clause approach. Also, we present a study of the consumption boom observed in Mexico in the period 1989-1994 to highlight the importance of taking into account structural breaks in co-integration modelling. We use a series of realignment expectations, as well as linear and non-linear methods, to look for evidence that helps to characterise the Mexican crisis. Contrary to the predictions of first-generation models of currency crises, we find that the credibility of the peso did not experience any steady deterioration before its devaluation, and there was no stable relationship between realignment expectations and economic fundamentals. By using a Markov-switching regression model, we show that realignment expectations shifted over time between regimes of relatively high and low credibility, and that these shifts were more frequent during the troubled 1994. This evidence makes it problematic to endorse explanations of the collapse of the peso based on models of speculative attacks, and suggests using the approach of second-generation models of currency crises to study the Mexican experience. The theoretical model is designed to illustrate some specific features of the Mexican experience. We argue that the substitution of peso denominated assets for dollar denominated and indexed assets in investors’ portfolios helped policymakers to resist recurrent periods of confidence crisis during 1994, but it also made it more difficult to eliminate a potential self-fulfilling devaluation. In particular, the sterilisation of reserve losses during 1994 seems to be more important in the onset of the devaluation of the peso than the increase in the stock of dollar indexed bonds. We use an index of pressure in the foreign exchange market and mean-variance Markov- switching models to study the timing and causes of the shifts of the Mexican economy between states of calm and crisis. Models with time-varying transition probabilities do not yield conclusive results. Hence, we adopt a two step approach to obtain the probability of the state of crisis at each date in the sample, and then model this series as a function of economic fundamentals and political events. We find that the reduction of the debt-output ratio and positive political events maintained the economy in the state of calm up to 1994, despite a continuous real appreciation of the peso. However, the end of the declining path of the debt-output ratio and negative political shocks produced a shift towards the state of crisis for most of 1994 that finally led to the collapse of the peso. The study of the consumption boom observed in Mexico in the period 1989-1994 illustrates that structural breaks in long run relationships can be dated and evaluated if we allow regime shifts in co-integration modelling. The available data rejects a stable co-integration relationship between consumption and income. Meanwhile, using Markov- switching models, we find that there was a marked shift in the co-integration vector after the implementation of the program for stabilisation and economic reform in December 1987. The program caused the former unitary income elasticity of consumption to increase by almost 30 per cent, but later the shift was reversed when the currency and financial crisis erupted at the end of 1994.