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Forest, Marguerite S. E. "Ecological sustainability on Haida Gwaii /". view abstract or download file of text, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3018363.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2001.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 214-241). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Yoon, Jong-Han. "Ecological Sustainability and Peace: The Effect of Ecological Sustainability on Interstate and Intrastate Environmental Conflict". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30531/.
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This study examines the relationship between ecological sustainability and violent conflict at both the interstate and intrastate level. In particular, this study explores the effect of ecological sustainability of a society on the initiation and the occurrence of violent conflict. By developing a theory, which is named "Eco-peace," this study hypothesizes that the more ecologically sustainable the socioeconomic system of societies, the less likely the society is to initiate interstate conflict. Regarding intrastate conflict, it is hypothesized that the more ecologically sustainable the mode of development pursued by the Third World society is, the more likely that society is to experience intrastate conflicts. To test the hypotheses, this study conducts cross-national time-series analyses for 97-127 countries. Negative binomial and Poisson models are used for interstate conflict during 1960-2001, and logit and rare event logit models are used for intrastate conflict during 1960-1999. Militarized interstate dispute dataset and Uppsala Armed Conflict Program dataset are employed for interstate and intrastate conflict. For ecological sustainability, Ecological sustainability factor index and Environmental sustainability index are used. Through the analyses, this study found the supports for the theoretical argument that the ecologically unsustainable modes of development cause the initiation of interstate conflict and the incidence of intra-state conflict in the Third World.
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Kostyuchenko, N. "Ecological-economic indicators for sustainability in Ukraine". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19880.
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Мазна, Ольга Миколаївна, Ольга Николаевна Мазна i Olha Mykolaivna Mazna. "Sustainability as a driver for ecological innovations". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2006. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8493.
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Gamage, Arosha Uppala. "Exploring a Biomimicry Approach to Enhance Ecological Sustainability in Architecture". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14678.
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Increased environmental consciousness in recent years, stimulated by concerns about human induced climate change, has motivated a desire to reduce the impact of the built environment through eco efficient design imperatives. This evolution has provided eco practitioners with multifaceted challenges in making their practices more ecologically sustainable through optimal approaches to design. One such design approach to ecological sustainability is to emulate or take creative inspiration from natural systems, often referred to as biomimicry. This study examines how eco practitioners perceive biomimicry as a design approach in architectural eco design practice. An exploratory approach, taking a post-positivist epistemological framework informed a mixed method, correlational, project-based research design. The theoretical contribution was a model and framework for biomimicry thinking which suggested ways of addressing problems of conceptualisation and understanding the complexities of ecological integration that had been identified as barriers to the practice of ecologically sustainable design. The empirical contribution was a recommendation for a Biomimicry Approach, which proposed a simultaneous use of indirectly mimicking and directly mimicking to architectural eco design projects. Multivariate statistical analysis recognised biomimicry principles, design propositions and physical attributes as the most significant predictors that can enhance ecological sustainability in architecture. The study’s outcome in relation to biomimicry advanced understanding of ways to reduce waste by efficient spatial design was seen as a contribution architects can make to the concept of a reduction scenario for the ecological age. This thesis adds important knowledge to underpin future research and recommends biomimicry design indicators, biomimicry design matrix and possibilities for the use of vernacular architectural strategies for the development of architectural eco design practice.
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Jacob, Sarah. "Imagining Equality, Shifting Human Consciousness Toward Ecological Sustainability". FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/724.
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My thesis explored the idea that inequality is a human-made perspective that has been informed concurrently through social and metaphysical structures. My intent has been to show how inequality as a learned man-made system of consciousness has played a pivotal role in justifying the exploitation of other cultures and the environment in the name of progress, advancement and human destiny. I have explored the idea that anthropocentrism and ethno-centric patriarchy has been woven so deeply into the fabric of modern perception that we are largely unconscious of its existence, even while we reap the results in both environmental and social degradation. My thesis has argued that a metaphysics, which supports equality, would result in a different value system that would prioritize diversity of life above and beyond human advancement, and emphasize cross-species interconnectedness thereby reducing the risk of exploitation inherent in the existing globally driven capitalist system.
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Bagstad, Kenneth. "Ecological Economic Applications for Urban and Regional Sustainability". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2009. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/14.
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Urban and regional development decisions have long-term, often irreversible impacts on the natural and built environment. These changes impact society’s wellbeing, yet rarely occur in the context of well understood economic costs and benefits. The cumulative effects of these individually small land use decisions are also very large. Ecological economics provides several frameworks that could inform more sustainable development patterns and practices, including ecosystem service valuation (ESV) and the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI). This dissertation consists of a series of articles addressing urban and regional development from an ecological economic perspective, using GPI, ESV, and evaluation of tax and subsidy programs. The GPI has been well developed at the national level but is of growing interest to stakeholders and citizens interested in better measuring social welfare at local and regional scales. By integrating measures of built, human, social, and natural capital, GPI provides a more comprehensive assessment of social welfare than consumption-based macroeconomic indicators. GPI’s monetary basis allows these diverse metrics to be integrated, and can also facilitate intra- and inter-regional comparisons of social welfare. Ecosystem services are also increasingly recognized as important contributors to human well-being, particularly in areas where they are becoming scarce due to rapid land conversion. Despite recent advances in measuring and valuing ecosystem services, they are often not considered in decision making because of both scientific uncertainty and the difficulty in weighing these values in tradeoffs. Techniques to speed the valuation process while maintaining accuracy are thus in high demand. As public recognition of the value of ecosystem services grows, ESV can serve as the basis for a variety of policy tools, from inclusion in traditional permitting or conservation easement programs to new programs such as payments for ecosystem services. Ideally planners, citizens, and decision makers would better weigh the diverse costs and benefits of land use decisions as part of development and conservation planning. By quantifying changes in: 1) contributors to social welfare and 2) the value of ecosystem services across the urban-rural gradient, the GPI and ESV frameworks developed as part of this dissertation can thus be used to better inform local and regional policy and planning.
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Bagstad, Kenneth Joseph. "Ecological economic applications for urban and regional sustainability /". Full text available, 2009. http://library.uvm.edu/dspace/bitstream/123456789/207/1/Bagstad%20Thesis.pdf.
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Sikdar, Kieran. "Sustainability of an ecological treatment system evaluated with emergy". Connect to resource, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/547.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formattted into pages: contains 19 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 19). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Correia, Gustavo, Nathaniel Koloc i Naomi Smith. "Embedding socio-ecological sustainability into impact investor due diligence". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2945.
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Impact investors, seeking financial returns from investments that actively create social or environmental value, use a process known as due diligence to vet incoming investment opportunities. Some industry-wide tools have come to aid investors in this task. Existing metrics are not sufficient to assess the environmental performance of investee companies, the result of which is an allocation of increasing investment dollars into ventures and industries that are not operating within the limits of the socio-ecological systems upon which society depends. This paper proposes the creation of an investor toolkit that would allow users to effectively integrate the principles of strategic sustainable development (SSD) into the due diligence process. Such a toolkit would explain how current due diligence support tools could be used to construct comprehensive sustainability analyses of potential investments. The proposed toolkit was conceived after interviews with impact investors, social entrepreneurs, and industry experts. The research findings confirm a need for investors to use a strategic understanding of sustainability during the due diligence process, in order to increase portfolio value over time.
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Ristic, Jovan. "Toward an Ecological Culture: Sustainability, Post-domination and Spirituality". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/RisticJ2001.pdf.
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Björklund, Johanna. "Emergy analysis to assess ecological sustainability : strengths and weaknesses /". Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5794-7.pdf.
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Yu, Sherman, i 余雪雯. "A study of sustainability indicators: Hong Kong's ecological footprint". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31228057.
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Thomas, Brian J. "Searching for sustainability : Chinese ecological agriculture in Zhejiang Province /". view abstract or download file of text, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p1405201.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 2001.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-94). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to UO users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p1405201.
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Bertazzo, Cláudio José [UNESP]. "A agricultura de Base Ecológica no Corede Vale do Caí (RS)". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105034.
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Esta tese tem como objetivo principal desvelar o estado de arte da agricultura ecológica e da agricultura orgânica na região do COREDE Vale do Caí, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul e demonstrar suas viabilidades socioambiental e econômica. E, também, compreender os processos de transição ecológica vividos, analisar e mesurar as produções e, por fim, identificar as inserções de mercados para a produção orgânica regional. O desenvolvimento das agriculturas ecológicas na região teve seu início através da preocupação dos agricultores com o uso de agroquímicos e foi fomentada pelo debate com agrônomos ecologistas que trouxeram as fundamentações científicas para formação dos agricultores familiares que se interessaram por uma alternativa agrícola fora dos padrões da Revolução Verde. O campo mais fértil onde estas idéias se transformaram em ações foi em núcleos de citricultores descendentes...
This dissertation aim as its main goal to unveiling the state of art in ecological agriculture and organic agriculture in the COREDE Vale do Caí, in Rio Grande do Sul State and demonstrate their feasibility and socio-economic. As well as, understand the process of ecological transition experienced. In addition to this, this study seeks to analyze and measure the production and identify the room available in the market for the regional organic farming. Ecological agriculture in the region was developed by farmers due to their concern about agrochemical use and it was fed through debates with ecological agronomists who brought in the community the scientific foundations for the family farming people interested... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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McGuire, Julia Bayer. "Social ecological food systems| Sustainability lessons from Maine dairy networks". Thesis, The University of Maine, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10300303.
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Milk production has played an integral role in the culture, landscape, and economy of Maine's agriculture. Maine dairy farmers have faced numerous sustainability challenges to economic, environmental, and social aspects of their industry. Like many other complex social ecological systems, the Maine dairy industry faces a gap between scientific knowledge and actionable management or policy. A cultural dichotomy exists between conventional and organic farming. Shifting the focus from this binary, metrics such as social capital may play a key role in solving sustainability issues. Difficulties arise in the governance of complex social ecological systems when the scales of assessment, management, and policy do not match principal challenges. Despite efforts by many, Maine dairy challenges may be fueled by a state political system that is restricted by term limits and short legislative sessions. Piecemeal policy-making leads to assessment and policy outcomes that do not take the complexities of the system into consideration.
In the case of the Maine dairy industry, using mental modeling and social network analysis: 1) we seek to explore a method that may improve understanding in cases of disintegration between sustainability policy and action; 2) we test whether social capital, measured using Maine dairy farmers' information networks, spans perceived boundaries between conventional and organic management and between different farm sizes, and; 3) we investigate the scale problemscape for long-term success of the Maine dairy industry.
We found no significant difference in the importance of the economic, environmental, or social factors that dairy farmers considered to be the most challenging to industry sustainability. Social capital, rather than farm management practice or size, is a critical variable for better understanding industry sustainability. We found gaps between the current industry policy structure and the management and assessment scales required to address sustainability challenges. The barriers to effective long-term management, assessment, and policy are numerous for the Maine dairy industry. Our findings suggest that solutions concentrating on only one sustainability factor are unlikely to work in the longterm. Solutions may lie in a more holistic evaluation process, and inclusion of social capital and scale assessments to effectively link science and policy.
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Richardson, Vanessa Anne. "The economic and ecological sustainability of the Amazonian timber industry". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2015. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/59386/.
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Selective logging of tropical forests, particularly reduced impact logging (RIL), has long been suggested as a benign compromise between profitable land-use and biodiversity conservation. Throughout human history, slow-renewal biological resource populations have been predictably overexploited, often to extinction. This thesis examines the degree to which timber harvests beyond the first-cut can be financially profitable or demographically sustainable, both of which remain poorly understood. Data on legally planned logging of ~17.3 million m3 of timber were obtained from 824 government-approved private and community-based concession management plans. Results indicate that neither the post-depletion timber species composition nor total value of pre-harvest forest stands recover beyond the first-cut, suggesting that commercially most valuable timber species become predictably rare or economically extinct in old logging frontiers. Additionally, smallholders appear to exert strong high-grading pressure upon high-value hardwood species, thereby accruing higher gross revenue productivity per unit area and were more likely to inconsistently report areas of unlogged forest set-asides as required by Brazilian law. Selective logging leads to several forms of collateral damage (CD) to the residual forest stand. This pattern of structural disturbance is poorly quantified or understood despite representing a key form of forest degradation, or the second ‘D’ of REDD+ (United Nations Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation). A review of studies on selective logging impacts on tropical forest fauna revealed that ~90% failed to at least report or attempt to quantify CD. This thesis also examined CD associated with a certified industrial-scale RIL operation of eastern Brazilian Amazonia and finds that for every harvested tree, there is an estimated loss of ~12 damaged stems (≥10cm DBH). Over 30% of total ground sampling area of logged forest was cleared within felled-trees impacts alone. Finally, using RIL concession data from an 11-year time series where ~0.34 million trees were harvested, we estimated the total biomass and carbon stock of harvested trees, their CD, and the infrastructure damage associated with roundlog removal. If only harvested trees and their associated CD are considered, the estimated cost incurred in sparing logging-induced forest degradation through carbon financing projects such as REDD+ could compensate for the ~393 US$ ha-1 yr-1 logging revenues accrued to concession owners.
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McManus, Phil. "An ecological political economy of sustainability : nature, forestry and trade". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336834.
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PROCTOR, RONALD GORDON. "MEASURING ARCHITECTURAL SUSTAINABILITY USING ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555989.
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Kahler, Bradley Scott. "Y ECO: Yellowstone Ecological Center for Observation". Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/kahler/KahlerB0508.pdf.
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The Yellowstone Ecological Center for Observation (Y Eco) is designed to function as an educational facility that employs sustainable and ecological methods. Y Eco incorporates a living machine (an all-natural water purification system utilizing micro-organisms, various plants, etc.), various alternative energy resources (i.e. photovoltaic arrays, vertical wind turbines, hydro-electric in-stream turbines), as well as other passive and active sustainable and ecological design methods. An elevated pedestrian bridge forms Y Eco\'s \"spine\" and provides direct access to over 700 acres of public land on the opposing shore of the Yellowstone River. Y Eco is to be the means to better educate a public predominantly rooted in oil refinement and coal fed power production industries. The need is dire to begin a transformation of habit, an awareness and respect for one\'s own contributions to a society enveloped in its currently fragile nature.
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Kissinger, Meidad. "Interregional ecology - resource flows and sustainability in a globalizing world". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1021.
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In a globalizing world, trade has become essential to supporting the needs and wants of billions of people. Virtually everyone now consumes resource commodities and manufactured products traded all over the world; the ecological footprints of nations are now scattered across the globe.
The spatial separation of material production (resource exploitation) from consumption eliminates negative feedbacks from supporting eco-systems. Most consumers remain unaware of the impacts that their trade dependence imposes on distant ecosystems (out of sight out of mind).
I take the first steps in developing a conceptual and practical framework for an ‘interregional ecology’ approach to exploring and analyzing sustainability in an increasingly interconnected world.
Such an approach accounts for some of the ‘externalities’ of globalization and international trade. It underscores the increasing dependence and impact of almost any country on resources originating from others and recognizes that the sustainability of any specified region may be increasingly linked to the ecological sustainability of distant supporting regions.
I empirically describe and quantify some of the interregional material linkages between selected countries. I document the flows of renewable resources into the U.S. and quantify the U.S. external material footprint (EF) on specific countries. I then document the physical inputs involved in production of most agricultural export products from Costa Rica and Canada. Finally, I focus on major export products such as bananas, coffee and beef in Costa Rica and agricultural activities in
the Canadian Prairies and document some of the ecological consequences (loss of habitat, soil degradation, water contamination and biodiversity loss) of that production. My research findings
show increasing U.S. imports, increasing reliance on external sources and growing external ecological footprints. They also show how production activities mostly for overseas consumption led to changes in ecological structure and function in the studied export countries.
This dissertation adds a missing trans-national dimension to the sustainability debate effectively integrating the policy and planning domain for sustainability in one region with that in others.
While my research focuses mainly on documenting the nature and magnitude of interregional connections I also consider some of the implications of the interregional approach for sustainability planning.
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Bauer, Eric Douglas. "Ecoliteracy: Foundation of Vocationally Specific Sustainability Education". Thesis, Griffith University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367154.
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There is ample evidence that human actions are continuously and progressively straining planetary processes and systems vital for the wellbeing of the planet, as well as people themselves (WWF, 2012, 2014). Education has a key role to play in addressing these challenges. The role of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) in addressing these challenges has also been recognized. However, little is understood about the preparedness of TVET educators, specialists in their vocational areas, to address environmental and sustainability issues. This action research study examines the relationship between educator ecoliteracy and educator ability to develop and deliver vocationally specific sustainability education, in a single TVET college in Canada.
The research study was undertaken over a 3-year period and involved 43 participants in total. Findings indicate that educators’ ecological knowledge, their collegial relationships and institutional processes are all significant in supporting attempts to revise vocational curriculum. Professional learning to improve vocational educators’ ecoliteracy requires more than deepening ecological knowledge, however. Also required is an understanding of the science of contemporary ecological issues and the relationship of those issues to broader socio-cultural and economic activities. In order to consider curriculum revision, educators thus need to personally value and prioritize such education as essential to the development of vocational competency amongst their students. Improving the ecoliteracy of the educator community, therefore, requires more than simply developing knowledge and skill in the scientific language of ecology; it also requires opportunities for educators to participate in institutional sustainability policies and practicesThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Wallace, Richard R. "Conceptualizing sustainability in public policy debate: economic, ecological, and political issues". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31062.
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Barrett, John Richard. "Sustainability and the ecological footprint : comparing human demand with nature's supply". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2000. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5529/.
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There is a growing concern that current levels of economic activity have outgrown the physical limits of the planet. In the face of global constraints, humanity continues to deplete nature, through resource harvesting and waste generation, faster than nature can regenerate itself. The UN World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) introduced the idea of sustainable development in 1987, with the release of Our Common Future. Sustainable development has since become a powerful and controversial theme, creating seemingly impossible goals for policy makers. Sustainable indicators can be a key mechanism for encouraging progress in the right direction by providing a measuring tool that gives a clearer understanding as to whether sustainability is being achieved. The ecological footprint has emerged as an innovative technique to measure the ecological dimension of sustainability. The research tests the ecological footprint as a tool for guiding humanity towards sustainability. The research establishes whether or not the ecological footprint provides an effective accounting framework for the biophysical services that a given society requires from nature. With Guernsey as the case study, the research investigates whether or not the ecological footprint is a comprehensive tool for local policy decision-making. Considering the methodology of the ecological footprint, its use for time series analysis and the development of scenarios does this. The ecological footprint is also tested for its ability to act as a tool to communicate the ideas of sustainability. In conclusion, while containing some limitations, the ecological footprint is a tool that can facilitate the comparison of policy choices society inevitably must face. At the local level, the ecological footprint is a valuable part of the sustainable indicator tool kit. The use of the ecological footprint as a communication tool for sustainable development is invaluable. It is an indicator that can be understood by the general public and one that links individual lifestyle choices to global environmental problems. The ecological footprint is only an empirical tool and in itself cannot change anything. It is a first step in a process of change and the political will and desire to change must be the driving force. Its great advantage over other sustainability indicators is that it is holistic and makes connections between different activities and impacts. However, the ecological footprint is based on assumptions as the ratios/equations calculated by others. In conclusion, the ecological footprint demonstrates that intelligent rationalisation of means and prudent moderation of ends is the only solution. By providing common ground, the ecological footprint builds bridges between different worldviews and amplifies the resonance between all disciplines working on sustainability.
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Dudchenko, O. "Social and ecological responsibility as a systemic element for agricultural sustainability". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81013.
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Матеріал присвячений питанням соціальної та екологічної відповідальності для стійкості сільського господарства.Материал посвящен вопросам социальной и экологической ответственности для устойчивости сельского хозяйства.
The material is devoted to issues of social and environmental responsibility for the sustainability of agriculture.
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Xu, Li. "Sustainability science for water: Bibliometric analysis and social-ecological resilience thinking". Thesis, Curtin University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1707.
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Incorporating resilience thinking, the thesis uses bibliometric analysis to identify emerging approaches and technology in sustainability science for water resources. It conducts a resilience-based assessment of a Chinese freshwater lake exposed to the disturbances and impacts of the Three Gorges Dam. A new resilience assessment framework is developed and applied in the case of Dongting Lake. Social networks for community resilience to the environmental changes triggered by the dam are also explored.
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Esposito, Valerie. "Promoting Ecoliteracy and Ecosystem Management for Sustainablity Through Ecological Economic Tools". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2009. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/80.
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The importance and contribution of healthy ecosystems to human well-being and poverty reduction have gained increasing awareness and attention in recent years. Despite this wide-scale acknowledgement, the majority of the benefits yielded by ecosystem services are currently exogenous to the economic system, so their value is not equally weighted in decisions that directly impact their functioning and welfare. Public understanding of the importance of these contributions and the necessity of healthy ecosystems and sound management is vital for their conservation. However, thorough understanding of what ecosystems are, how they function, and how to manage them on a systems-based level for sustainability, known as ecological literacy (ecoliteracy), is lacking in various publics. In fact, at the nexus of the complex environmental problems facing the world today is the lack of understanding of the impact of individual and aggregate actions, particularly on ecosystems. The emerging field of ecological economics seeks to reconcile the roots for this disconnect. By developing new methods of ecosystem management that simultaneously address complex economic, social and environmental needs, ecological economics seeks to develop a comprehensive, systems-based approach to engender global sustainability. Ecolitercy is a critical component to developing new methods in development and management. This dissertation research examines and applies several ecological economic tools – rapid assessment valuation, payments for ecosystem services and service-learning education – to determine how to best promote ecoliteracy and ecosystem management on individual and collective levels. There are several findings that highlight the importance of and areas of improvement for integrating such tools in a comprehensive sustainable development approach. (1) Ecosystem services valuation, which assigns economic values to the benefits humans derive from natural environments, is a framework that can provide vital insight into the ecological costs of large-scale development projects. It can also be used as a way to incorporate local/traditional knowledge into decision-making. (2) Payments for ecosystem services programs, while effective in conserving and regenerating forests in developing countries, still have significant areas of improvement to be considered for similar future projects. Particularly, it has not been demonstrated that they are effective mechanisms for poverty alleviation, as it has been suggested in the literature. In fact, if not meaningfully supported, poor participants may face serious trade-offs and their involvement in such programs may negatively affect social capital in the community. (3) Service-learning, or working with communities to address real world-problems through a rigorous academic framework, is more effective at developing critical, ecological and civic literacy in students and develop more knowledgeable agents to solve the world‘s complex problems. Overall, these new and other tools must be developed to specifically address the ecological illiteracy that so often guides development decisions and be integrated into a comprehensive, inclusive framework for sustainable development.
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Oliveira, Guilherme de. "Developing Ecological and Enviromental Macromodels". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12140/tde-02082016-131453/.
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The objective of this Dissertation is to develop alternative macromodels that explore macroeconomic implications of some environmental and ecological economics concerns. The first essay develops an environmental extension of a Lewis dual economy model to explore long-run effects of a pollution abatement rule in developing economies. It is shown that this pollution abatement requirement makes for the possible emergence of an ecological development trap. Meanwhile, this economy can be released from such a trap not only through a standard Big Push, but also by means of what the essay calls an Environmental Big Push. The second essay presents an extension of a Harrodian model of cyclical growth, which explores a bidirectional causal relationship between the environment and effective demand in dual low-income economies with relatively low levels of environmental quality. The model shows that perpetual vicious circles may characterize the pattern of fluctuations in economic activity. Finally, the third essay presents a classical--Marxian model that describes a possible transitional dynamics to clean technology based on evolutionary game theory. The results show that heterogeneity in the frequency distribution of strategies of the adoption of clean and dirty techniques may be a persistent outcome. An outcome in which all, or at least a great proportion of firms, adopt the clean technique is theoretically possible, but inevitably, such a result is only achieved with an initial profit-reducing shock on functional income distribution and thus a fall in economic growth.O objetivo desta Dissertação é desenvolver modelos macro que exploram implicações econômicas de algumas questões ecológicas e ambientais. O primeiro ensaio desenvolve uma extensão ambiental de um modelo Lewisiano de economia dual para explorar efeitos de longo prazo de uma regra de abatimento da poluição em países em desenvolvimento. Mostra-se que tal regra pode gerar uma armadilha de desenvolvimento ecológica. Contudo, essa economia pode ser libertada da armadilha não apenas por meio de um Big Push padrão, mas também por meio do que o ensaio chama de um Big Push Ambiental. O segundo ensaio apresenta uma extensão de um modelo Harrodiano que explora uma relação causal bidirecional entre meio ambiente e demanda efetiva em economias duais de baixa renda com níveis baixos de qualidade ambiental. Mostra-se que círculos viciosos perpétuos podem caracterizar o padrão de flutuações cíclicas da atividade econômica. O terceiro ensaio apresenta um modelo clássico--Marxiano que explora uma possível dinâmica de transição para a tecnologia limpa baseada em jogos evolucionários. Mostra-se que a heterogeneidade na distribuição de frequência das estratégias de adoção de tecnologia limpa e suja pode ser persistente. Um resultado em que todas, ou uma grande proporção de firmas adota a tecnologia limpa, é teoricamente possível, mas só será atingido com um choque inicial redutor de lucros sobre a distribuição funcional da renda e uma queda no crescimento econômico
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Alabi, Bimpe Omolara. "Effect of building materials cost on housing delivery towards sustainability". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2635.
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Thesis (MTech (Construction Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.The study investigates the predominant factors responsible for increase in the cost of building materials and the effect of this cost increase on housing delivery in Western Cape, South Africa. Sustainable housing is buildings produced to meet the present housing needs of people without conceding the ability of the future generation to meet their future needs. However, a significant increase in the cost of building materials has been a major constraint to the delivery of sustainable housings, as made evident in the literature, leading to project cost and time overruns or even project abandonment. However, building materials consume up to 65% of the total cost of construction. This factor on cost has, over the years, threatened the ability of the construction industry to deliver projects within budgeted cost, at stipulated time, and at satisfactory quality. This prompted the need to proffer solutions to these factors identified which are causing increases in the cost of building materials towards sustainable housing delivery in Western Cape. Based on this research study, housing is termed to be sustainable when it is available and affordable for the masses timely and at quality expected. The research study adopted a mixed methodological approach, involving the use of semi-structured qualitative interviews and closed-ended quantitative questionnaires administered to construction stakeholders (architects, quantity surveyors, engineers, construction managers, project managers, site supervisors and material suppliers) in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. SPSS version 24 software was used for analysing the quantitative data collected and ‘content analysis’ method was used to analyse the information collected through the qualitative interviews. The findings revealed that the major factors responsible for increasing the cost of building materials are inflation, wastages of building materials by labourers, cost of transportation and distribution of labour, design changes, client contribution to design change and change in government policies and regulation. Moreover, the research showed that fluctuation in the cost of construction and high maintenance costs due to poor workmanship also impact the cost increase of building materials for housing delivery. In addition, research findings affirmed that for optimum materials usage for the enhancement of sustainable construction, the following criteria should be considered in the selection of building materials: maintenance cost, energy consumption and maintainability. The adoption of these findings by construction stakeholders in the South African construction industry would enhance the delivery of affordable housing at reduced cost, at the required time and at the expected quality. Therefore, an adequate implementation of the framework presented in this study will enhance sustainable housing delivery.
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Du, Pleassis Chrisna. "An approach to studying urban sustainability from within an ecological world view". Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26641/.
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This dissertation engages with the proposition that one of the reasons current efforts at improving sustainability are failing is because solutions are sought from within the same paradigm of thought that threatens sustainability in the first place, and that what is needed is a new 'ecological' worldview or paradigm. Using a transdisciplinary philosophy, and building on the idea of partial validities of knowledge, the dissertation explores the roots and attributes of the emerging new worldview and its relationship with the sustainability discourse through a series of narratives. Historical narratives of the concepts of sustainable development and urban sustainability highlight the flaws in current approaches to studying sustainability, and illustrate that the understanding of sustainability is not based on a fixed set of laws, but continuously evolves in response to larger system drivers, including individual and social worldviews. It would therefore be reasonable to assume that an ecological worldview would spawn its own version of sustainability. However, this worldview has not yet been coherently defined or structured. Differentiating between 'worldview' as the descriptive narrative of the world and behaviour within this world, and 'paradigm' as the practices for organizing and studying the world, the study attempts to map the ecological worldview onto a pre-existing worldview framework developed by the Centre Leo Apostel. This worldview was developed from common patterns found in new developments in the different branches of science, wisdom traditions ranging from indigenous knowledge sources to the great religious traditions, and ancient schools of philosophy. The result presents a coherent and internally consistent conceptual narrative of the ecological worldview, including theories of value, action and knowledge, which is then used to describe the associated social and scientific paradigms. The resultant worldview complex is then used to frame an exploration of the changes this worldview would bring to the practices of studying urban sustainability and future research agendas.
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May, Murray, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College i School of Social Ecology and Lifelong Learning. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport". THESIS_CAESS_SELL_May_M.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/645.
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This inquiry examines aviation futures, within the broad context of sustainable consumption and ecological sustainability. Increasing mobility and rapid growth of road and air transport have been identified as key consumption issues, especially in relation to calls for deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Economics and globalisation concerns have dominated recent academic studies of air transport. There is a growing critique, however, of growth-based aviation futures on a range of ecological, resource, security and health grounds. This inquiry adds to that critique. Its primary research aim is to identify and articulate visions and policies for aviation futures within an ecological framework. Analysis of relevant literatures, including those on sustainable consumption, transport and tourism, is complemented by an analysis of aviation and tourism growth trends worldwide, with specific reference to Asia-Pacific and Australian data. A case study of the privatisation and expansion of Canberra International Airport in the Australian Capital Territory is used to provide a global-local link and to address the airport aspects of aviation. The range of visions and policy measures are finally considered within broad consciousness and frameworks strategies for the transition to sustainability. An important conclusion is the strong need for independent institutions such as policy bodies and think tanks - working in conjunction with community groups- to develop and promote policy discourses and futures visions that challenge the prevailing hegemony of the business-political nexus.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Lertzman, David Adam. "Planning between cultural paradigms, traditional knowledge and the transition to ecological sustainability". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0024/NQ38927.pdf.
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Cole, Victoria. "Using ecological footprint analysis to measure sustainability in a Himalayan tourist centre". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ51696.pdf.
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Weaver, Sean. "A postmodern approach to ecological sustainability : the re-enchantment of Fiji's forests". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Forestry, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7669.
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"Na cava na i sau ni taro ni kena tamusuki na veikau e Viti?”, a vuqa era taroga. Au nanuma ni bibi cake na taro. Kevaka e cala na veitaro e tarogi sa dredre sara me kunei na kena i sau a veiganiti. E gadrevi li me vakavinakataki na kena vakatulewataki? Se na navunavuci vinaka li? Na bula toro cake vakailavo li? Se na i tovo vakavanua? Au nanuma ni vu ni nodra vakacacana na tamata na veika e tu tikivi keda a Viti me vaka na musu kau e vakatau mai na noda i tovo vakavanua. Ia na mataqali tovo vakavanua cava a tokoni e Viti me baleta na kena i tuvaki ni vanua, se tiki ni tovo cava e cala? E Viti e kunei kina na bula veimaliwai ni veimatatamata, ia sa bula ka donumaka e dua na gauna ni veisau you. Na veisau vovou sa kena i tovo na kila ka, kei na i tovo e bucini cake ena yavu ni vakasama e taucoko. Na veisau vovou sa veisautaka na i rairai ni vanua e Viti ka kidomoka na veika kece e vakamareqeti ki na dua na kena yaga e qiqo. Ia, na tamusuki ni vaikau sa vakayacori makawa e Viti ni bera na gauna ni veisau oqo, e na gauna ni bula va-Koloni, ka sa dodonu me rau beitaki ruarua na i tovo e rua oqo. Na nona dusi e dua me beitaki ena sega ni vukea na leqa, ia na veika e rawa ni vakayacori sa i koya na noda taqomaki keda mai na noda vakalecalecava ni sega ni cala na i tovo ena kena vakacacani na veika e tu tikivi keda. Na vei tovo kece sara e dodonu me ra vakaitavi ena kena kunei na bula toro caki. Na i vakarau ena sega ni vunitaki dua mai na i tavi me qaravi. Na kena rawati na i naki ni nodra karoni me tudei na veika bula e tu tikivi keda sa gadrevi kina na vakatulewa matau ka ni veika e dau yaco e sega ni vaka i vakarau. Sa gadrevi talega kina na i tovo ka sega ni okata na kila ka me gaunisala duadua ni kena veivosakitaki na i tuvaki ni vanua. Na kena vakaduavatataki ni veivakasama kei na rokovi ni veika tawa kilai vakakina na veika e tawa siqemi rawa sa rawa ni kunei ena vuqa na i tovo, ka okati kina na vei tovo makawa vaka-Viti kei na nodra na vavalagi. Kevaka e vakasaqarai dina me tudei tu na vanua era bula voli kina na veika bula tikivi keda, na i tavi e tu sa i koya na kena vakasaqarai se kunei vou tale eso na veivakasama vovou kei na kena vakauqeti na nodra bula vakataki ira ga na veika bula.
"What is the answer to deforestation in Fiji?" many people are asking. To find an answer we first need a question. If the wrong question is asked the possibility of an appropriate answer is out of reach. Is better management needed? Is it better planning?
Perhaps it is a greener economy? Or is it culture? I argue that the causes of human induced environmental degradation in Fiji such as deforestation lie in the character of culture. But what culture or cultures do the landscapes of Fiji support, and what aspect of culture is at fault? Fiji is culturally diverse but currently dominated by modernity.
Modernity is a culture of knowledge, and a culture built upon the foundations of a steady state rationality. Modernity has disenchanted the landscapes of Fiji and squeezed all forms of value into the narrow framework of utility. However, deforestation also happened in Fiji before modernity arrived with the colonial British, and so both pre-modern and modern cultures in Fiji must share the blame. Pointing at someone to blame does not solve our problem, but what it can do is prevent us from pretending that cultures are innocent when it comes to environmental disharmony. All cultures are responsible for enacting a sustainable life. Tradition will not hide anyone from that responsibility. Fulfilling the obligation of ecological sustainability requires a rationality of process because reality is in a constant state of flux. It also requires a culture that does not see knowledge as the only way of engaging in a conversation about or with a landscape. A rationality of process and a respect for the unknown and unknowable can be found in many different cultures, including the non-modern Fijian culture and non-modern cultures in the West. If ecological sustainability is what is sought, the task is a discovery or re-discovery of process thinking and a re-enchantment of Nature.
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Markel, Christina Paige Buist. "Building voluntary sustainability : how urban design can promote care for ecological systems". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59579.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2010.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Human behavior is, in aggregate present state, unsustainable by the ecosystem of the earth. This thesis develops a behavior change model of how societies can move from unsustainable to sustainable behavior, and, because behavior is in large part a result of personal conviction, the factors that result in voluntary behavior change towards more environmentally sustainable behavior. The three key factors that trigger a desire to behave sustainably are intellectual understanding of ecosystems, engagement with ecosystems, and feedback on personal ecosystem impacts. Urban design is a key element in how the ecosystem is presented and culturally interpreted, and this thesis examines how urban design can be used to promote care for the ecosystem by offering experiences that provide the factors of behavior change. Several example cases are provided, as well as an examination of how we sense natural systems and design suggestions.
by Christina Markel.
M.C.P.
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Saat, Sita Aisyah. "Analysing sustainability of solid waste management in Malaysia using ecological modernisation perspective". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2012. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17842.
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Asante, Aimée. "Increasing ecological sustainability through land justice and environmental protection for indigenous people". Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2012. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18876.
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Current paradigms governing environmental resource management are unsustainable and require an urgent change for ecological sustainability. To this end, Agenda 21 is the international action plan for an ecologically sustainable globe. It provides the scienta and ethics of the modern environmental age, from which praxis must be determined. A key factor, which has eluded us in determining the aforementioned, is the fact that indigenous people remain either alienated from their lands, or without effective control, and environmental protection, where possession has been retained. Whilst literature and international documents alike recognise the role of indigenous people as custodians of key areas of the earth's biodiversity, the combination of land justice and environmental protection for indigenous people has not been explored as a cornerstone for enhancing ecological sustainability. In this thesis, the contribution of Judeo-Christian ethics and Enlightenment philosophies to this current ecological crisis shall be considered in terms of value systems and ethics and praxis emanating from each. Furthermore the role of environmental protection and land justice for indigenous people of the New World, living as part of an identifiable community and adhering to traditional values, is explored in relation to enhanced ecological sustainability. A critical examination of the legal processes employed in granting land justice is embarked upon, demonstrating the justiciability of land justice cases through current, established laws, domestically and internationally. At international level, a teleological approach to Human Rights is demonstrated to be capable of adjudicating both land justice cases and cases of environmental protection. This approach would also enable, to a large extent, the displacement of self-determination as the cornerstone of indigenous peoples' rights, in favour of land justice. This is not simply a repetition of the reparations for indigenous peoples argument, inspired by the perceived injustice of a bygone era. This argument is new, relevant, imperative and responds to the voices of academics, governments and others striving towards solutions to the problem of ecological un-sustainability.
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Mbaraka, A. "The sustainability of ecological economics and policy management in Dodoma region, Tanzania". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26656.
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Ecological economic is a transdisciplinary field of academic research that aims to address the inter dependence and co-evolution of human economies and natural ecosystems over time, nature and space. It is distinguished from environm ental economics, which is the mainstream of economic analysis of the environment by its treatment of the economy as a subsystem of the ecosystem and its emphasis upon preserve natural resource, long-term outcomes, and sustainable development.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26656
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Arslan, Bercis. "Ecological Sustainability in Software Development : The Case of a Technical Consultancy Firm". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297243.
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Sustainability in the software and Information Technology (IT) industry has previously been discussed by practitioners mostly with a focus on maintainability and extensibility. In turn, the ecological and environmental dimensions of sustainability have been neglected. Previous research has shown that there are obstacles in the industry in terms of knowledge, experience, and support. Lack of knowledge stems from a lack of tools to detect and determine factors that affect environmental sustainability in software development, such as energy consumption. Furthermore, examining employees’motivations, attitudes, and discretionary behaviours is important to understand how implementation can be enabled and sustained. The purpose of this study is to find practices and tools for achieving environmental sustainability in software development as well as understanding what factors are hindering software engineers from adopting sustainable practices and tools that already exist. A qualitative single case study was conducted with semi-structured interviews as the primary method for data collection. The interviews were performed with individuals with various roles within software engineering as well as their managers. The findings show that the focus on environmental sustainability in software development is insufficient as for now. Practices, such as, reduction of CPU cycles and inactivating idle programs are suggested as environmentally friendly. Additionally, the findings display hinders in areas such as responsibility, requirements, and knowledge. Organizations and their stakeholders have to prioritize and work against these hindrances in order to succeed with environmental efforts.Hållbarhet inom mjukvaru- och Informationsteknologi (IT) -industrin har tidigare diskuterats av utövare mestadels med ett fokus på underhållning och tillbyggnad av mjukvara. Den ekologiska och miljömässiga hållbarheten har därför blivit försummad. Tidigare forskning har påvisat att det finns hinder i industrin gällande kunskap, erfarenhet, och stöd. Brist på kunskap härrör från en brist på verktyg för att upptäcka och fastställa faktorer som påverkar miljömässig hållbarhet inom mjukvaruutveckling, så som energiförbrukning. Dessutom, att undersöka de anställdas motivationer, attityder, och beteende är viktigt för att förstå hur en implementation kan möjliggöras samt upprätthållas. Syftet med denna studie är att hitta praktiker och verktyg för att uppnå miljömässig hållbarhet inom mjukvaruutveckling samt att förstå vilka faktorer som hindrar mjukvaruutvecklare att uppta hållbara principer och verktyg som redan existerar. Studien är genomfört som en kvalitativ fallstudie med semistrukturerade intervjuer som primär metod för datainsamling. Intervjuerna var genomförda med individer inom olika roller för mjukvaruutveckling samt deras chefer. Resultatet visar på att det finns ett otillräckligt fokus på miljömässig hållbarhet inom mjukvaruutveckling för tillfället. Praktiker så som reduktion av CPU cykler och inaktivering av program på tomgång (idle programs) är antydda att vara hållbara ur ett miljöperspektiv. Dessutom visar resultatet på att det finns hinder inom områden såsom ansvar, krav, och kunskap. Organisationer och deras intressenter behöver prioritera och arbeta mot dessa hinder för att lyckas med miljömässiga insatser.
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Hockerts, Kai. "Sustainability innovations : ecological and social entrepreneurship and the management of antagonistic assets /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/362405255.pdf.
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Wortley, Liana. "Achieving Success in Local Government Ecological Restoration Programs: a Focus on Sustainability". Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367705.
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Human activity is altering the global environment at an unprecedented rate. The exploitation of natural resources is adding considerable pressure to already vulnerable ecosystems and declining biodiversity. Ecological restoration has the potential to be a significant part of the solution to this problem by recovering degraded land, connecting and expanding natural areas, re-establishing habitat, and restoring ecosystem services. This has led to the practice being incorporated into natural resource management strategies globally. Much of the on-ground implementation of ecological restoration, however, falls into the hands of local governments as they are generally responsible for town planning and land management. Ensuring that local governments have the ability to deliver sustainable outcomes with restoration is a critical step in returning functionality and resilience to the landscape.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
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Al-Shiekh, Khalil Wael R. "Integrated land capability for ecological sustainability of on-site sewage treatment systems". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16171/1/Wael_R._Al-Shiekh_Khalil_Thesis.pdf.
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The research project was formulated to solve serious environmental and possible public health problems in rural and regional areas caused by the common failure of soil disposal systems used for application of effluent from on-site domestic sewage treatment systems. On-site sewage treatment systems adopt a treatment train approach with the associated soil disposal area playing a crucial role. The most common on-site sewage treatment system that is used is the conventional septic tank and subsurface effluent disposal system. The subsurface effluent disposal area is given high priority by regulatory authorities due to the significant environmental and public health impacts that can result from their failure. There is generally very poor householder maintenance of the treatment system and this is compounded by the failure of the effluent disposal area resulting in unacceptable surface and groundwater contamination. This underlies the vital importance of employing reliable science-based site suitability assessment techniques for effluent disposal. The research undertaken investigated the role of soil physico-chemical characteristics influencing the behaviour of effluent disposal areas.
The study was conducted within the Logan City Council area, Queensland State, Australia. About 50% of the Logan region is unsewered and the common type of on-site sewage treatment used is a septic tank with subsurface effluent disposal area. The work undertaken consisted of extensive field investigations, soil sampling and testing, laboratory studies and extensive data analysis.
In the field study, forty-eight sites were investigated for their effluent application suitability. The sites were evaluated based on the soil physico-chemical characteristics. The field investigation indicated that there were nine soil orders in the study area. These soil orders were Dermosols, Chromosols, Kandosols, Kurosols, Vertosols, Sodosols, Tenosols, Rudosols and Anthrosols. The soils in all the investigated sites were acidic soils in the pH range between 5 and 6.5.
The complexity of the large data matrix obtained from the analysis was overcome by multivariate analytical methods to assist in evaluating the soils' ability to treat effluent and to understand the importance of various parameters. The analytical methods selected to serve this purpose were PROMETHEE and GAIA. The analysis indicated that the most suitable soils for effluent renovation are the Kandosols whilst the most unsatisfactory soil order was found to be Podosol. The GAIA analysis was in agreement with quantitative analysis conducted earlier.
An extensive laboratory column study lasting almost one year was undertaken to validate the results of the data analysis from the field investigation. The main objectives of this experiment were to examine the soil behaviour under practical effluent application and to investigate the long-term acceptance rate for these soils. Twelve representative soils were selected for the column experiment from the previously investigated sites and undisturbed soil cores were collected for this purpose. The results from the column study matched closely with the evaluation conducted at the earlier stages of the research. Soil physico-chemical analysis before and after effluent application indicated that the soils' acidity was improved toward neutrality after effluent application. The results indicated that soils have a greater ability to handle phosphorus than nitrogen. The most favorable cation exchange capacity for soils to treat and transmit effluent was between 15 and 40 meq/100g.
Based on the results of the column study, the long-term acceptance rate (LTAR) was determined for the investigated twelve soil types. Eleven out of twelve soils reported specific LTAR values between 0.18-0.22 cm/day. For the duration of the laboratory study, the Podosol order did not reach its LTAR value due to the extremely sandy nature of the soil. The time required to achieve LTAR varied between different soils from 40 to 330 days.
The outcomes of this research was integrated into a soil suitability map for on-site sewage treatment systems for Logan City Council. This will assist the authorities in providing sustainable solutions for on-site systems failure.
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Al-Shiekh, Khalil Wael R. "Integrated land capability for ecological sustainability of on-site sewage treatment systems". Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16171/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The research project was formulated to solve serious environmental and possible public health problems in rural and regional areas caused by the common failure of soil disposal systems used for application of effluent from on-site domestic sewage treatment systems. On-site sewage treatment systems adopt a treatment train approach with the associated soil disposal area playing a crucial role. The most common on-site sewage treatment system that is used is the conventional septic tank and subsurface effluent disposal system. The subsurface effluent disposal area is given high priority by regulatory authorities due to the significant environmental and public health impacts that can result from their failure. There is generally very poor householder maintenance of the treatment system and this is compounded by the failure of the effluent disposal area resulting in unacceptable surface and groundwater contamination. This underlies the vital importance of employing reliable science-based site suitability assessment techniques for effluent disposal. The research undertaken investigated the role of soil physico-chemical characteristics influencing the behaviour of effluent disposal areas. The study was conducted within the Logan City Council area, Queensland State, Australia. About 50% of the Logan region is unsewered and the common type of on-site sewage treatment used is a septic tank with subsurface effluent disposal area. The work undertaken consisted of extensive field investigations, soil sampling and testing, laboratory studies and extensive data analysis. In the field study, forty-eight sites were investigated for their effluent application suitability. The sites were evaluated based on the soil physico-chemical characteristics. The field investigation indicated that there were nine soil orders in the study area. These soil orders were Dermosols, Chromosols, Kandosols, Kurosols, Vertosols, Sodosols, Tenosols, Rudosols and Anthrosols. The soils in all the investigated sites were acidic soils in the pH range between 5 and 6.5. The complexity of the large data matrix obtained from the analysis was overcome by multivariate analytical methods to assist in evaluating the soils' ability to treat effluent and to understand the importance of various parameters. The analytical methods selected to serve this purpose were PROMETHEE and GAIA. The analysis indicated that the most suitable soils for effluent renovation are the Kandosols whilst the most unsatisfactory soil order was found to be Podosol. The GAIA analysis was in agreement with quantitative analysis conducted earlier. An extensive laboratory column study lasting almost one year was undertaken to validate the results of the data analysis from the field investigation. The main objectives of this experiment were to examine the soil behaviour under practical effluent application and to investigate the long-term acceptance rate for these soils. Twelve representative soils were selected for the column experiment from the previously investigated sites and undisturbed soil cores were collected for this purpose. The results from the column study matched closely with the evaluation conducted at the earlier stages of the research. Soil physico-chemical analysis before and after effluent application indicated that the soils' acidity was improved toward neutrality after effluent application. The results indicated that soils have a greater ability to handle phosphorus than nitrogen. The most favorable cation exchange capacity for soils to treat and transmit effluent was between 15 and 40 meq/100g. Based on the results of the column study, the long-term acceptance rate (LTAR) was determined for the investigated twelve soil types. Eleven out of twelve soils reported specific LTAR values between 0.18-0.22 cm/day. For the duration of the laboratory study, the Podosol order did not reach its LTAR value due to the extremely sandy nature of the soil. The time required to achieve LTAR varied between different soils from 40 to 330 days. The outcomes of this research was integrated into a soil suitability map for on-site sewage treatment systems for Logan City Council. This will assist the authorities in providing sustainable solutions for on-site systems failure.
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May, Murray. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport". Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/645.
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This inquiry examines aviation futures, within the broad context of sustainable consumption and ecological sustainability. Increasing mobility and rapid growth of road and air transport have been identified as key consumption issues, especially in relation to calls for deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Economics and globalisation concerns have dominated recent academic studies of air transport. There is a growing critique, however, of growth-based aviation futures on a range of ecological, resource, security and health grounds. This inquiry adds to that critique. Its primary research aim is to identify and articulate visions and policies for aviation futures within an ecological framework. Analysis of relevant literatures, including those on sustainable consumption, transport and tourism, is complemented by an analysis of aviation and tourism growth trends worldwide, with specific reference to Asia-Pacific and Australian data. A case study of the privatisation and expansion of Canberra International Airport in the Australian Capital Territory is used to provide a global-local link and to address the airport aspects of aviation. The range of visions and policy measures are finally considered within broad consciousness and frameworks strategies for the transition to sustainability. An important conclusion is the strong need for independent institutions such as policy bodies and think tanks - working in conjunction with community groups- to develop and promote policy discourses and futures visions that challenge the prevailing hegemony of the business-political nexus.
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May, Murray. "Unpacking aviation futures : an ecological perspective on consumption, sustainability and air transport /". View thesis, 2004. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20050218.120843/index.html.
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Hindmarsh, Patricia, i res cand@acu edu au. "Towards an Ecologically Sustainable Catholic Primary School". Australian Catholic University. School of Religious Education, 2008. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp233.18052010.
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The research intention is to identify the characteristics of an ecologically sustainable contemporary Catholic primary school and the conditions that support the development of such a school community. The literature review showed there is a clear mandate from the Catholic Church to consider ecological conversion as integral to its evangelising mission, a mission that is at the heart of Catholic education, including the school. An extensive body of educational literature, including philosophy of education and curriculum frameworks, identified environmental awareness and responsibility as mandatory outcomes for all students. The literature study defined and described ecological conversion, sustainable education, environmental education and related conceptual understandings. The literature study also provided examples of strategies to guide the strategic implementation of these understandings within the total learning program of a school. From examples found in the literature, a framework, Steps in Becoming an Environmentally Active Catholic Primary School, incorporating the specifically Catholic religious dimension, was developed by the researcher to provide benchmarks and indicators against which a school’s progress in journeying towards ecological sustainability could be evaluated. This qualitative, constructionist study incorporated some elements of Grounded Theory in gathering and analysing data from within two Australian Catholic primary case study schools recognised for their commitment and good practice in sustainable education. From the analysis of the data gathered through interviews, focus groups and participant observation, the distinctive characteristics of the two schools were identified and their stage of development evaluated against the framework Steps in Becoming an Environmentally Active Catholic Primary School. In addition, the factors that had supported school development and the factors that were barriers to that development were named. From the study, conclusions about the nature of an ecologically sustainable Catholic primary school were drawn and recommendations made about how best to support the development of such a school.
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Lefevre, Robert E., i Kevin Halverson. "Ecological Sustainability Analysis of the Coronado NF: Describing the Ecological Niche of the Forest for Water and Riparian Resources". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296684.
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Miller, VirgÃnia Moura. "Environmental education for sustainability sustainability environmental education: the paths of Nursery School Teacher Izaldino in Maceià - AL". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10948.
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This work entitled "From Environmental Education for Sustainability to the Sustainability of Environmental Education: the paths of the Nursery School Teacher Izaldino in Maceià - AL" aims to: a) analyze how the EE is being deployed in the Nursery School Teacher Izaldino â CEMI, and what guarantees that it be implemented with Sustainability b) register the actions of ongoing training in EE developed by the Municipal Education Office of Maceià â SEMED, and the Environmental Education Program Lagoa Viva - PEALV also in MaceiÃ, and propose suggestions that contribute to the realization of EE in municipal schools. The methodology is qualitative in nature, characterized by a case study. In order to construct the theoretical framework, we reviewed the literature which discussed the Environmental Crisis, the prospect of Sustainability, Sustainability and Education, the ideological character of EE, the process of institutionalization of EE in Brazil, the Absences and Emergencies in Education and in Educators Development. Following, we present the Environmental in Childhood Education. Subsequently, we introduce some of the history, goals and actions developed by PEALV as well as the story of CEMI, analyzing how it has educated for Sustainability, and with sustainability in its pedagogical project for promotion of EE with insertion and integration in the community where the school is located. We also reflect on the conceptions of EE and environment school community (administrators, teachers, auxiliary staff and studentâs parents), and noticed some contradictions, part of the respondents feature a naturalistic view of the Environment and a behaviorist conception of EE. However, this fact has not compromised the sustainability of EE implementation in school. We could verify that the basic principles of ecological literacy (partnership, interdependence, the cyclical nature which in education, can also be understood as the cyclical exchange of information, flexibility, and diversity) proposed by Capra (1996), are present in school community of CEMI, showing by this, that the school is on the right way for the construction of Sustainability, and also, for the construction of Sustainable Educational SpacesO presente trabalho intitulado ―Da EducaÃÃo Ambiental para a Sustentabilidade à Sustentabilidade da EducaÃÃo Ambiental: os caminhos da Creche Escola Mestre Izaldino em Maceià â AL‖ teve como objetivo: a) analisar como a EA està sendo implantada na Creche Escola Mestre Izaldino - CEMI e o que garante que ela seja implantada com Sustentabilidade; b) registrar as aÃÃes de formaÃÃo continuada em EA desenvolvidas pela Secretaria Municipal de EducaÃÃo de Maceià â SEMED e pelo Programa de EducaÃÃo Ambiental Lagoa Viva â PEALV em Maceià e c) propor sugestÃes que contribuam para a efetivaÃÃo da EducaÃÃo Ambiental na rede municipal de ensino. A metodologia utilizada caracteriza-se como qualitativa, por um Estudo de Caso. Para a construÃÃo do referencial teÃrico fez-se uma revisÃo da literatura onde discutiu-se a crise ambiental, a perspectiva da Sustentabilidade, Sustentabilidade e EducaÃÃo, o carÃter ideolÃgico da EA, o processo de InstitucionalizaÃÃo da EA no Brasil, as AusÃncias e EmergÃncias em EducaÃÃo e FormaÃÃo de Educadores, e o Ambiental na EducaÃÃo Infantil. Seguiu-se apresentando um pouco da histÃria e objetivos e aÃÃes desenvolvidas pelo Programa de EducaÃÃo Ambiental Lagoa Viva - PEALV. Contou-se a histÃria da CEMI, analisando como ela tem educado para a Sustentabilidade e com Sustentabilidade no seu projeto pedagÃgico de promoÃÃo da EA com inserÃÃo e integraÃÃo com a comunidade onde a escola està inserida. Fez-se tambÃm uma reflexÃo sobre as concepÃÃes de EA e de Meio Ambiente da comunidade escolar (gestoras, professoras, auxiliares de serviÃos gerais e pais/mÃes de alunos/as) e percebeu-se algumas contradiÃÃes, em que certa parte dos(as) entrevistados(as) apresentam uma visÃo naturalista de Meio Ambiente e outra uma concepÃÃo de EA comportamentalista, mas isto nÃo tem comprometido a sustentabilidade da implementaÃÃo da EA na escola. Pode-se verificar que os PrincÃpios BÃsicos da AlfabetizaÃÃo EcolÃgica (a parceria, a interdependÃncia, a natureza cÃclica â que na educaÃÃo pode ser entendido como o intercÃmbio cÃclico de informaÃÃo, a flexibilidade, e a diversidade) propostos por Capra (1996), estÃo presentes na comunidade escolar da CEMI, mostrando com isto que a escola està no caminho correto para a construÃÃo da Sustentabilidade, para a construÃÃo de um EspaÃo de Educadores SustentÃveis.
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Mathenjwa, Fezile. "Exploring the ecological and social benefits of the Khayelitsha Wetlands Park". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27484.
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In a world confronted by rapid urbanization linked with dramatic population growth rates, there is a general consensus that quality urban green spaces are important components of urban landscapes. Urban green spaces are defined as open spaces in urban areas primarily covered with vegetation, which are available to users within the community. They have the ability to shape the image of cities and provide various important socioecological benefits, which can contribute to improving the quality of life within these urban communities. In Cape Town, the provision of readily accessible quality urban green spaces is often overridden by other conflicting demands, such as biodiversity conservation and infrastructure development demands. The literature suggests that Cape Town has ample available green spaces. However, the accessibility of this green space is linked to issues of poor management and maintenance, and as a result poor urban spaces are often associated with criminal activities, and are therefore unavailable to benefit urban communities. This is particularly evident in areas which have a low socioeconomic status. This study explores the ecosystem services offered by the Khayelitsha Wetlands Park in the Khayelitsha Township on the Cape Flats. A variety of methods were used to establish the condition of the Wetlands Park and assess the impacts of various uses (e.g. recreation, agriculture etc.) on the vegetation structure and water quality. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were also conducted to assess the local community's uses and perceptions of this green space. A Complex Adaptive Landscape (CAL) approach was adopted to derive the positive and negative social-ecological impacts of the Khayelitsha Wetlands Park. The vegetation structure assessment results showed a dominance of emergent and invasive vegetation, such as Typha capensis and Acacia cyclops, and indicates a high level of degradation and a lack of indigenous vegetation species. The water quality analysis reveals high concentrations of physiochemical and microbial pollutants, where a majority exceeded the Targeted Water Quality Ranges (TWQR) recommended by the Department of Water Affairs for livestock watering, irrigation and human use. Findings from the semi-structured interviews, revealed that a majority of users v visit the Park for multiple activities offered by the Park. These include relaxation, creating and maintaining social relations, sports and recreation and agricultural use. The CAL framework revealed negative and positive feedback mechanisms at play in this urban green space. The negative feedback effects are illustrated and confirmed by poor water quality and a predominantly alien infested vegetation structure. The poor ecological condition of the Wetland is linked to a number of anthropogenic influences, including the discharge of treated waste and untreated waste from both agricultural and urban waste sources, indicating the complexity of managing the Khayelitsha Wetlands Park. Since a number of users and management institutions are connected to the Khayelitsha Wetlands Park, their involvement in the management thereof is crucial for effectively solving the issues identified.
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Törn, A. (Anne). "Sustainability of nature-based tourism". Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2007. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514286674.
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Abstract
Nature-based tourism has increased considerably during recent years, which has raised questions about the tolerance of ecosystems experiencing growing visitor numbers. The present thesis focuses on the ecological and social sustainability of nature-based tourism in protected areas and their surroundings. The objective of the ecological studies was to determine the effects of tourism on vegetation, soils and risk of introduction of alien plant species. The social survey investigated whether opinions concerning nature conservation and tourism by local people are dependent on socio-economic and demographic factors. The studies were carried out in Oulanka and Pallas-Ounastunturi National Parks, and in the Ruka and Syöte regions, in northern Finland.
This research demonstrated that nature-based tourism (hiking, horse-riding and skiing) affected boreal forests, altering vegetation, soils and trail networks. The major effects were; reduction in vegetation cover, including of different life-forms, changes in plant species composition, soil chemistry and soil erosion. Trampling decreased plant cover more on slopes compared to flat terrain. Moreover, downward trampling reduced the plant cover more than did upward trampling. In addition, horse riding resulted in the introduction and establishment of a range of alien plant species. In general, ecological changes due to nature-based tourism were inevitable even when there were limited numbers of visitors.
Respondents to the survey were classified into three groups according to their opinions concerning nature conservation and tourism development: (i) supporters of nature conservation, (ii) critical to nature conservation and (iii) critical to tourism development. The majority of respondents were supporters of nature conservation. However, opinions were strongly dependent on the socio-demographic background of the respondents, such as residential area, age, level of education and indigenousness.
Since the impacts of tourism were dependent on the characteristics of plants and habitats and the quality of activities, case-specific planning, monitoring and rapid responses are the most efficient methods in avoiding irreversible environmental damages. Furthermore, close co-operation between different stakeholders and detailed scientific information about the ecological, economic and social elements of sustainability are needed to promote a sustainable development of nature-based tourism.