Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Early works to 1800

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Early works to 1800”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 25 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Early works to 1800"

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Fokin, Alexander Anatolyevich. "Philosophical Principles of Heinrich Klee’s Theology (1800–1840)". Philosophy of Religion: Analytic Researches 6, nr 1 (2022): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2587-683x-2022-6-1-24-36.

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The article focuses on the study of the dogmatic works of Heinrich Klee (1800–1840) in relation to his criticism and reception of contemporary philosophical systems. The dogmatic theology of Heinrich Klee is a little-studied page in the history of Catholic religious thought in the first half of the 19th century, yet for his contemporaries Klee was a significant thinker, and his theology was the subject of active discussion. The works of Klee are known to have been criticized more than once in connection with the possible borrowing of philosophical ideas in his dogmatic theology. This criticism, however, was taken for granted, without being corroborated by any specific study of his texts – a fault the present article seeks to amend. The article attempts to fit the theology of Heinrich Klee into a philosophical context and analyze the philosophical principles in his theology. In the conclusions of the article, we highlight the tendencies and features of the use of philosophical concepts characteristic for Klee and emphasize the breadth and variety of philosophical trends he was debating. The article uses specific examples to demonstrate that, while openly criticizing such сelebrities as Hegel, Fichte, Schelling, Schleiermacher, Klee not only embraced their philosophical language but also borrowed their foundational ideas. In the article, it was demonstrated with specific examples that, openly criticizing such authors as Hegel, Fichte, Schelling, Schleiermacher, he perceives not only the philosophical language of these authors, but also borrows their system-forming ideas. At the same time, his theological thought moved within the strict framework of the Catholic concept of the objectivity of divine Revelation and the authority of the Church. The article sheds light not only on some of the philosophical and theological positions of a particular theologian of the early 19th century, but also on the discussion about the degree of philosophical foundation of theological constructions in the modern era as a whole.
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Abdul Malik, Mohd Puaad, Faisal @. Ahmad Faisal Abdul Hamid i Rahimin Affandi Abdul Rahim. "Analyse Malay Fiqh Works Writing 1600-1800". Al-Muqaddimah: Online journal of Islamic History and Civilization 6, nr 2 (31.12.2018): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/muqaddimah.vol6no2.6.

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In essence, this article will focus on the subject classical Malay fiqh works 1600-1800. Classical Malay fiqh works are Malay intellectual works produced by Malay Muslim scholars in various topics of Islamic law including worship (ibadah), commercial transaction law (muamalah), family law (munakahat) and others. This fiqh Malay work played an important role in Malay society at the beginning of Islamic development in the Malay world. It is a means of communication, scientific knowledge or developmental science. The premise of this article analyzes the writing of fiqh works that developed in the early days of the great intellectual nature of the Malay world. There are features of fiqh writing in the year 1600 and it is different from the features of fiqh writing in 1700 and 1800. The discussion of this writing includes the difference between the writing text and the style of writing fiqh and being reviewed from various scopes, items and writing features. The method of analysis used is the method of historiography or historicalism which examines the development of an idea. Facts obtained will be thoroughly screened using the Malay induction history approach. Research shows that the earliest classic Malay fiqh writing has its own identity and superiority and is a Malay intellectual work.
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Špelda, Daniel. "Kepler in the Early Historiography of Astronomy (1615–1800)". Journal for the History of Astronomy 48, nr 4 (listopad 2017): 381–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021828617740948.

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This article discusses the reception of Kepler’s work in the earliest interpretations of the history of astronomy, which appeared in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The focus is not on the reception of Kepler’s work among astronomers themselves but instead on its significance for the history of science as seen by early historians of mathematics and astronomy. The first section discusses the evaluation of Kepler in the so-called “Prefatory Histories” of astronomy that appeared in various astronomical works during the seventeenth century. In these, Kepler was considered mainly to be the person who brought the work of Tycho Brahe to completion, rather than an original astronomer. The second section is devoted to the evaluation of Kepler in interpretations of the history of astronomy that appeared in the eighteenth century (often as part of the history of mathematics). In these works, Kepler is regarded as a genius who deserves tremendous credit for the advancement of the human spirit. Both sections also devote attention to Copernicus and Tycho Brahe because this facilitates the explanation of how Kepler’s contribution was judged. By studying the reception of Johannes Kepler’s work, we may gain greater insight into the transition from a cyclical perception of the history of science to the progressive model.
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Shcherbakova, Anna E. "TO CHILDREN ABOUT ART: DOMESTIC ILLUSTRATED EDITIONS OF THE 1800–1820S". Arts education and science 1, nr 38 (2024): 140–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202401140.

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This article is devoted to the visual language of children’s books and magazines of the first third of the XIXth century on the theme of art. The cultural and historical context of the development of illustrated literature on this topic is considered. The most popular plots and the artistic features of the published images are identified. A comparison is made of illustrations in Russian-language versions of books and foreign originals. The relationship between the publication format and graphic content is determined, as well as the options for interaction between text and picture. The most striking examples of domestic early printed books reflecting the trends of the era under consideration were selected for this work. These are children’s encyclopedias, alphabet books, biographical and game editions. The result of the research is the reconstruction of the situation of illustrating children’s art literature in Russia in the 1800– 1820s. It has been established that children’s book publishing of this period hardly sought to talk about art as such. It often appeared in the content of publications with other goals. Nevertheless, the authors of the books managed to cover certain aspects of art. These include types of art, artistic images, famous artists, as well as technical features of creating works of art.
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Bowers, Katherine. "Ghost Writers: Radcliffiana and the Russian Gothic Wave". Victorian Popular Fictions Journal 3, nr 2 (17.12.2021): 152–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46911/tvct9530.

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Ann Radcliffe’s novels were extremely popular in early nineteenth-century Russia. Publication of her work in Russian translation propelled the so-called gothic wave of 1800-10. Yet, many of the works Radcliffe was known for in Russia were not written by her; rather, they were works by others that were attributed to Radcliffe. This article traces the publication and translation histories of Radcliffiana on the Russian book market of 1800-20. Building on JoEllen DeLucia’s concept of a “corporate Radcliffe” in the anglophone world, this article proposes a Russian corporate Radcliffe. Identifying, classifying, and analysing the provenance of Russian corporate Radcliffe works reveals insight into the transnational circulation of texts and the role of copyright law within it, the nature of the early nineteenth-century Russian book market, the rise of popular reading and advertising in Russia, and the gendered nature of critical discourse at this time. The Russian corporate Radcliffe assures the legacy and influence of Radcliffe in later Russian literature and culture, although a Radcliffe that represents much more than just the English author. Exploring the Russian corporate Radcliffe expands our understanding of early nineteenth-century Russian literary history through specific case studies that demonstrate the significant role played by both women writers and translation, an aspect of this history that is often overlooked.
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SAMPSON, MARGARET. "‘THE WOE THAT WAS IN MARRIAGE’: SOME RECENT WORKS ON THE HISTORY OF WOMEN, MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND AND EUROPE". Historical Journal 40, nr 3 (wrzesień 1997): 811–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x97007437.

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Marriage and the English Reformation. By Eric Josef Carlson. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994. Pp. ix+276. ISBN 0-631-16864-8. £45.00Gender, sex and subordination in England, 1550–1800. By Anthony Fletcher. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1995. Pp. xxii+442. ISBN 0-300-06531-0. £19.95.Domestic dangers: women, words, and sex in early modern London. By Laura Gowing. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. Pp. 301. ISBN 0-19-820517-1. £35.00.The prospect before her: a history of women in western Europe, Volume one, 1500–1800. By Olwen Hufton. London: HarperCollins, 1995. Pp. xiv+654. ISBN 0-00255120-9. £25.00.Sex and subjection: attitudes to women in early modern society. By Margaret R. Sommerville. London: Edward Arnold, 1995. Pp. 287. ISBN 0-340-64574-1. £14.99.
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Vogler, Nikolai, Kartik Goyal, Kishore PV Reddy, Elizaveta Pertseva, Samuel V. Lemley, Christopher N. Warren, Max G'Sell i Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick. "Contrastive Attention Networks for Attribution of Early Modern Print". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, nr 4 (26.06.2023): 5285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i4.25659.

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In this paper, we develop machine learning techniques to identify unknown printers in early modern (c.~1500--1800) English printed books. Specifically, we focus on matching uniquely damaged character type-imprints in anonymously printed books to works with known printers in order to provide evidence of their origins. Until now, this work has been limited to manual investigations by analytical bibliographers. We present a Contrastive Attention-based Metric Learning approach to identify similar damage across character image pairs, which is sensitive to very subtle differences in glyph shapes, yet robust to various confounding sources of noise associated with digitized historical books. To overcome the scarce amount of supervised data, we design a random data synthesis procedure that aims to simulate bends, fractures, and inking variations induced by the early printing process. Our method successfully improves downstream damaged type-imprint matching among printed works from this period, as validated by in-domain human experts. The results of our approach on two important philosophical works from the Early Modern period demonstrate potential to extend the extant historical research about the origins and content of these books.
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Ståhle Sjönell, Barbro. "Det tidiga 1800-talets svenska novellistik". Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap 43, nr 2 (1.01.2013): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v43i2.10840.

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Swedish Short Stories in the Early 19th Century. Publication and Subgenres The present study of Swedish short stories published between the years 1810 and 1829 illustrates that authors representing the Romantic Movement made special efforts to put the short story on the market. At V. F. Palmblad’s publishing house, German contemporary short stories were translated and distributed, later followed by Swedish contributions to the genre, which appeared primarily in literary magazines. Only a small number of short stories were published over the course of these 19 years, and the means of publication varied. Out of 45 works found in the catalogues of the National Library of Sweden, 27 are published separately, while 14 are published in periodicals or newspapers and two in anthologies (one of which is a frame story and the other a modern collection). Authors connected to the Romantic school introduced two new varieties of short story: the exotic story and the fantastic story. The pre-existing subgenres included, for instance: adventures, satirical or comic stories, stories of family life, travel stories and historical short stories. Among these, the historical story was the only subgenre to be printed separately. Characteristic for the short story is its ability to be inserted into many different kinds of publications. Another result of the study is the discovery of the ease with which a short story may be transferred from one form of publication to another. For instance, the short story may originate as part of a novel, only to turn into a separate work in its own right. Alternatively, it may develop as a serial story in a newspaper and go on to be printed separately, and later appear in a publishing house series or in a volume of selected works. This adaptive, or transferable, quality should be included in the ongoing discussion pertaining to the definition of the short story.
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King, Martina. "Gesteinsschichten, Tasthaare, Damenmoden: Epistemologie des Vergleichens zwischen Natur und Kultur – um und nach 1800". Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 45, nr 2 (9.11.2020): 246–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iasl-2020-0014.

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AbstractThis paper investigates comparison as a fundamental practice within the early life sciences. Four episodes are selected that show how comparing species works in the early 19th century and how it builds bridges between scientific and literary culture: comparing living organisms in pre-Darwinian natural history (Lacépède, Treviranus), comparing species distribution in actualistic geology (Lyell), comparing organs in comparative anatomy (Müller), and – last but not least – comparing social classes in new literary genres such as sketch, ‘Paris physiology’, or travel feuilleton.
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Ostaric, Lara. "Absolute Freedom and Creative Agency in Early Schelling". Philosophisches Jahrbuch 119, nr 1 (2012): 69–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0031-8183-2012-1-69.

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bstract. By arguing that the connection between Schelling’s reception of Plato and Kant’s conception of genius is relevant for Schelling’s early development, this essay demonstrates the following: (1) that Schelling’s early Idealism brings to the general problem that plagues German Idealists, i.e., the search for an unconditioned principle that unites theoretical and practical reason, the solution that is genuinely his own, this original solution consisting in Schelling’s conception of “creative reason [schöpfersiche Vernunft]”; (2) that the theme of an absolutely free creative subjectivity is shared by many of Schelling’s early works and, hence, that the early development of his Idealism can be interpreted as a beginning of the philosophical system or as a “proto-system” of what was later to become his 1800 System; (3) that when compared to Kant’s notion of genius, Schelling’s “absolute I” should be considered a regress rather than a progress.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Early works to 1800"

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McNally, Louis K. "The Weather of 1785: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Meteorological Reconstruction Using Forensic Synoptic Analysis". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/McNallyLK2004.pdf.

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Préfontaine, Jennifer. "Secrets des femmes". Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98575.

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The goal of this thesis is a critical edition of the Secrets des femmes, a text attributed to Arnold de Vilanova. In the exegetic tradition, this attribution has been widely argued. Our preliminary findings lead to the same conclusions. The text composed in French couldn't have been written by Vilanova, who would have composed it in Latin, the language of the "clerks", or in Catalan, his first language. Critical tradition shows that the Secrets des femmes is based on three manuscripts. But we have demonstrated that the Mazarine's manuscript is not at the base of this work, but rather of a text entitled Les Termes et secrets des femmes. For the critical edition, which is the objective of our study, there is no doubt that the Arsenal's text is the basic manuscript, while the Vatican's manuscript is the Arsenal's metalanguage.
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Labriola, Daniele. "On Plato's conception of philosophy in the Republic and certain post-Republic dialogues". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4497.

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This dissertation is generally concerned with Plato's conception of philosophy, as the conception is ascertainable from the Republic and certain ‘post-Republic' dialogues. It argues that philosophy, according to Plato, is multi-disciplinary; that ‘philosophy' does not mark off just one art or science; that there are various philosophers corresponding to various philosophical sciences, all of which come together under a common aim: betterment of self through intellectual activity. A major part of this dissertation is concerned with Plato's science par excellence, ‘the science of dialectic' (he epistêmê dialektikê). The science of dialectic is distinguished in Plato by being concerned with Forms or Kinds as such; the science of dialectic, alone amongst the philosophical sciences, fully understands what it means for Form X to be a Form. I track the science of dialectic, from its showcase in Republic VI and VII, and analyze its place in relation to the other philosophical sciences in certain post-Republic dialogues. Ultimately, I show that, whilst it is not the only science constituting philosophy, Plato's science of dialectic represents the intellectual zenith obtainable by man; the expert of this science is the topmost philosopher. In this dissertation I also argue that Socrates, as variously depicted in these dialogues, always falls short of being identified as the philosopher par excellence, as that expert with positive knowledge of Forms as such. Yet I also show that, far from being in conflict, the elenctic Socrates and the philosopher par excellence form a complementary relationship: the elenctic philosopher gets pupils to think about certain things in the right way prior to sending them off to work with the philosopher par excellence.
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蔡瑞珩. "《鍼經指南》之鍼刺手法研究". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/132.

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《鍼經指南》為元代竇默，字漢卿，所著。其所記載的鍼刺手法上承《黃帝內經》、《難經》，下啟《金鍼賦》、《玉龍歌》、《鍼灸大成》等，為鍼刺手法發展史上里程碑，亦是後世各種複式手法發展的啟蒙。 本文通過對《鍼經指南》相關鍼刺手法的篇章進行整理，從＂呼吸補瀉＂、＂燃轉補瀉＂、＂提插補瀉＂、＂迎隨補瀉＂、＂寒熱補瀉＂，及＂手指補瀉十四法＂等方面展開分析，分別探討《鍼經指南》的學術淵源和《鍼經指南》對元明時期鍼刺手法發展的影響。最後將相關醫家觀點與《鍼經指南》中鍼刺手法理論進行對比分析，討論其異同點。 通過資料整理，學術思想的對比分析，筆者總結《鍼經指南》對鍼刺手法理論主要貢獻是：1.提出調息治神法﹔ 2.熱補涼瀉復合補瀉手法﹔ 3.＂提鍼豆許＂手法技巧﹔ 4.＂瀉南補北＂迎隨補瀉理論。元代與明代主要鍼灸醫家的手法技巧和鍼刺理論均從《鍼經指南》的內容中發展與推衍出來。 根據研究結果顯示，鍼刺手法自《鍼經指南》后空前發展。鍼刺補瀉理論體系更加完善，手法操作更加繁複。符合由簡而繁的事物發展規律。此外，後世醫家在臨床實踐中將《鍼經指南》的鍼刺手法理論與當代文化思想結合并產生新的鍼刺手法及鍼刺理論，從另一方面體現了理論與實踐相結合的哲學思想。 關鍵詞：誠刺手法﹔《鍼經指南》﹔竇漢卿
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Kotarcic, Ana. "Aristotle's concept of lexis : a theory of language and style". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7754.

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Aristotle's concept of lexis has been discussed by numerous scholars, yet no comprehensive account of lexis has been produced so far. To fill this gap in scholarship, this thesis offers a systematic analysis of Aristotle's concept of lexis by dividing it into three levels, which allow a step-by-step approach to understanding this multi-layered concept. By considering Plato's and Isocrates' thoughts on lexis, Chapter 1 outlines the intellectual context in which Aristotle's ideas on the concept of lexis developed. Chapters 2-5 focus on the three levels of lexis and Chapter 6 brings a concluding discussion of metaphor. In Chapter 2 the linguistic elements treated under the notion of lexis and Aristotle's theory of language are delineated. These not only present Aristotle's thoughts on language as an abstract system, but they also form the most fundamental level upon which the remainder of Aristotle's thoughts on the concept of lexis are based. Chapter 3 explores Aristotle's remarks regarding individuals' use of linguistic elements as determined by sociolinguistic factors. Aristotle's occasional statements about language usage within the concept of lexis provide valuable pieces of evidence for studies in sociolinguistics and for his ideas on lexis on its third level as discussed in Chapters 4 and 5. In Chapter 4 the intra-textual aspect of Aristotle's remarks on lexis as a means for the creation of different kinds of poetry and rhetoric, i.e. lexis as technē, is examined. In Chapter 5 extra-textual factors are considered and are followed by a discussion of the purpose and function of lexis on its third level. Chapter 6 concludes the discussion of lexis by focusing on metaphor, the linguistic and stylistic element par excellence treated under the notion of lexis, which further highlights the benefits of a three-level approach to Aristotle's concept of lexis.
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Littlehailes, Lucy Elizabeth. "Vital heat, conception and development in Aristotle". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a8e96b05-0ff7-4791-a65a-6135be68df57.

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In this account of the pan that heat plays in the conception and development of living substances according to Aristotle, I begin by examining the concept of heat. I discover that Aristotle uses a distinction between to thermon and thermotes: the former is, in living substances, material; the latter is never material, being the powerful aspect of heat. For example, an animal possesses heat (to thermon) which maintains it through its power (thermotes) to concoct. I then turn to the biological works. Conception, it seems, does not fit the standard account of change, but is rather a concoction, performed by the heat of the semen. Nor is the usual account of conception ascribed to Aristotle adequate: I attempt to demonstrate that he held a more moderate account in which pneuma, the nature of which is to thermon, is transmitted to the embryo. I then examine the development of the embryo, which is performed using to thermon as a tool. The transmission and development of the rational psuche in particular has often caused problems: I offer an account of the transmission of psuche from parent to embryo, and describe the part that pneuma plays in this transmission and in the development and operation of the various levels of psuche. Development extends from foetal development until adulthood, and this poses another problem for the standard account of change as it appears to be neither substantial nor accidental change, yet these are apparently exhaustive possibilities. I conclude that development, like conception, is a concoction performed by the vital heat. Finally, I turn to the conception and development of spontaneously generated animals, and of abnormal animals such as monsters. I demonstrate the relationship between these generations and sexual generation, and the significance of heat and pneuma.
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周瑩. "古代飲茶致病的文獻探究". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/127.

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中國茶文化源遠流長，茶作為一種日常飲品，與咖啡、可可並稱為世界三大無酒精飲料。近年來，隨著人們生活水平的日益提高，茶葉的保健功效越來越受到社會的重視。據各文獻史料記載，我國飲用茶葉已有千年曆史，記載有關茶葉的文獻古籍繁多。而一直以來，茶葉與“健康”一詞密不可分，古人經過歸納前人的記述總結出了茶葉的二十四功效，如清熱、消食、醒酒、去疾等，並對茶有著極高的評價，然而很少人注意到通過飲茶所達到的有利功效需要建立在適度飲茶，科學飲茶的前提下，盲目品飲只會起到相反效果。與此同時，隨著醫學經驗、藥學知識的日益豐富，不當飲茶所帶來的一些副作用同樣也引起了古代醫學家與茶人的重視，人們開始不僅只是單純的追求茶葉的口感，更多的是開始關注飲茶對身體的影響及飲茶時的身心體驗，通過自己多年的親身感悟，長期與他人的經驗分享，總結歸納出了飲茶的利弊，教導後人飲茶需有度，因人而飲。 本文擬在分析我國古代文獻中飲茶不當導致的疾病，尋找飲用單一味茶葉對人體所產生的不良反應，其中不包括複方茶及非茶之“茶”，通過歸納、整理，探究古代不當飲茶所造成的對人體的危害疾病，提出適度飲茶，健康飲茶，科學飲茶的觀念，為今後的茶學及醫學研究不當飲茶致病因素提供古代文獻線索依據。 關鍵字：過度飲茶，過派飲茶，飲茶致病
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Harrop, Patrick H. "Inseminate architecture : an archontological reading of Athanasius Kircher's Turris Babel". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56976.

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Among the vast assembly of Biblical mythology, the tower of Babel stands as an exclusive representation of the limits of human endeavor. As a paradigmatic extremity, it circumscribes the field of civic artifice. Babel is the absolute limit, and in that regard, its presence is enduring and timeless. The legacy of exegetic readings are textual shades, emanating from the point source of the paradigm. Athanasius Kircher's Turris Babel is an appropriate and intentional unfolding of this condition.
Firstly, that in the awakening of the Baroque scholar to history, origin materializes as the sole legitimate chronological reference.
Secondly, that the paradigmatic extremities collapse into the empirical standard of the theoretical discourse.
This thesis is a speculative study of architecture, drawn through Turris Babel, in the shadow of the paradigmatic limits of Babel. Written in three parts, each dealing with the implications of artifice in confrontation with the post-Babel adversaries of dispersion, tyranny, and decay.
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朱加正 i Ka-ching Chu. "Reflections of the development and philosophy of Mathematics originating in a comparative study of Liu Hui's redaction of 'JiuZhang Suan Shu' and Euclid's 'Elements'". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31211380.

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Letts, Melinda. "Questioning the patient, questioning Hippocrates : Rufus of Ephesus and the limits of medical authority". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:917c8cac-6fb4-4217-95df-8e3f9db8692f.

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Rufus of Ephesus's 'Quaestiones Medicinales' is an under-studied work by one of the most respected doctors of Greco-Roman antiquity. This thesis presents a new translation - the first in English of the complete work - and a reassessment of the treatise. I propose that, far from being a simple handbook teaching doctors how to take a patient history, as has hitherto been assumed, QM is an ardent plea for doctors to recognise the limits of their own knowledge and the indispensability of questioning the patient. I argue that QM articulates the idea that the aim of medicine cannot be achieved through medical knowledge alone, and that, in constructing the patient as an essential partner in diagnosis and decisions about treatment, Rufus implies a sharing of authority between doctor and patient that is noticeably different from the emphasis that other authors, particularly the determinedly hierarchical Galen, place on securing patients' obedience, a subject on which Rufus is noticeably silent. I argue that Rufus is unusual in the clarity and candour with which he perceives and acknowledges the limits of medical knowledge, in his conceptualisation of questioning as a discursive rather than a formulaic activity, in his explicit insistence that it must be addressed directly to the patient, in his psychological concept of habits, and in his recommendation of questioning as a strategy for resolving the tension between universal theory and individual experience. I look at modern cross-cultural research into the factors that drive patient compliance, and note that chief among them is patients feeling they are partners in the treatment process. This raises the question whether and to what extent the features that drive compliance are diachronically as well as cross-culturally consistent, and whether Rufus's shared authority model is more likely to have produced successful treatment outcomes than the autocratic paradigm promoted by Galen, and subsequently absorbed into Western medical tradition, that seems to have met with so much resistance.
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Książki na temat "Early works to 1800"

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Copernicus, Nicolaus. Minor works. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

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Gerson, Jean. Jean Gerson: Early works. New York: Paulist Press, 1998.

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Early Christian mystics. Piscataway, N.J: Gorgias Press, 2012.

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Eunomius. The extant works. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: New York, 1987.

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Heath, Thomas Little, Sir, 1861-1940., red. The works of Archimedes. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2002.

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A, Frick David, red. Collected works of Meletij Smotryc'kyj. [Cambridge, Mass.]: Distributed by the Harvard University Press for the Ukrainian Research Institute of Harvard University, 1987.

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Richard, Russell, red. The alchemical works of Geber. York Beach, ME: S. Weiser, 1994.

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(Firm), Logos Library System. Early church fathers. Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems, 1997.

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Heath, Thomas Little, Sir, 1861-1940, ed, red. The works of Archimedes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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The chief works and others. Durham: Duke University Press, 1989.

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Części książek na temat "Early works to 1800"

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Mocarelli, Luca, i Giulio Ongaro. "Work and the Little Divergence". W Work in Early Modern Italy, 1500–1800, 131–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26546-5_6.

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Mocarelli, Luca, i Giulio Ongaro. "Work and Labour: Meanings and Concepts". W Work in Early Modern Italy, 1500–1800, 1–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26546-5_1.

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Mocarelli, Luca, i Giulio Ongaro. "Population, Urbanisation, and Working People". W Work in Early Modern Italy, 1500–1800, 19–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26546-5_2.

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Mocarelli, Luca, i Giulio Ongaro. "Technology, Markets, Specialisations, and Organisation of Production". W Work in Early Modern Italy, 1500–1800, 41–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26546-5_3.

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Mocarelli, Luca, i Giulio Ongaro. "Labour Relations". W Work in Early Modern Italy, 1500–1800, 67–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26546-5_4.

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Mocarelli, Luca, i Giulio Ongaro. "Labour Conditions". W Work in Early Modern Italy, 1500–1800, 105–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26546-5_5.

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Schepers, Ingrid, Janet Polasky, Ann Verhetsel i Greet De Block. "Organising the Work-Home Split by the Urban-Rural Link: Transport Networks, Mobility and Urbanisation in Early Twentieth-Century Belgium". W Studies in European Urban History (1100-1800), 101–21. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.seuh-eb.5.120440.

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Prieto, Moisés. "Corrupt and Rapacious: Colonial Spanish-American Past Through the Eyes of Early Nineteenth-Century Contemporaries. A Contribution from the History of Emotions". W Palgrave Studies in Comparative Global History, 105–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0255-9_5.

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AbstractAround 1800, merchants, scientists and adventurers travelled to Latin America with different purposes. Their multifaceted interests in a world region, experiencing a threshold of independence from Spanish colonial rule, inspired new historical and political works about the continent’s recent past. The Enlightenment provided not only the philosophical armamentarium against corruption, but it also paved the way to a new expression of sentiments and to the loss of fear when addressing injustice. Some examples of these are Hipólito Villaroel’s list of grievances and Humboldt’s Political essay. These two authors provide some thoughts on the political landscape of New Spain (now Mexico), while the two Swiss physicians Rengger and Longchamp describe the ruthless and odd dictator Francia of independent Paraguay as a champion of anti-corruption. Finally, Argentine dictator Rosas—and his robberies as described by Rivera Indarte, Sarmiento and other anonymous authors—represent the embodiment of corruption through pure larceny, for whose crimes the Spanish colonial past apparently no longer served as a comparison.
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Hanson, Carey Blackerby. "1760–1800". W Early American Children’s Clothing and Textiles, 118–65. New York: Focal Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003230441-5.

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Brino, Omar. "Early Writings on Ethics". W The Oxford Handbook of Friedrich Schleiermacher, 417–33. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198846093.013.25.

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Abstract The short Monologen (1800) and the broad Grundlinien einer Kritik der bisherigen Sittenlehre (1803) argue for an ethical perspective based on mutually “formative” (bildende) interactions between individuals and communities as well as between peculiarity and universality. Whereas in the Monologen this perspective is presented in an “effusive” and “evocative” style, the Grundlinien develop it at a theoretically deeper level, detailing an impressive systematic confrontation with ancient, modern, and contemporaneous philosophers. The Vertraute Briefe über die Lucinde von Schlegel (1800) also consider conjugal love and the relationship of sexes from a “formative” ethical perspective. There are some differences between these early works and the later writings, both in an attenuation of the more “ideal” and “prophetic” aspects and in an accentuation of the “institutional” and “pragmatic” ones; however, the republications of the Monologen until 1829 and the systematic relationships between the Grundlinien and the late academic papers demonstrate a specific continuity on important basic principles of Schleiermacher’s “formative” ethical thought.
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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Early works to 1800"

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Sobolev, Dmitry. "Early Works with Electrically Powered Flying Machines (1870–1898)". W 2021 7th IEEE History of Electrotechnology Conference (HISTELCON). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/histelcon52394.2021.9787302.

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Columbu, Stefano, Gian Matteo F. Picchizzolu i Antonio Cazzani. "The construction materials and static-structural aspects of the Budello tower (Teulada, southwest Sardinia, Italy)". W FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11549.

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The Budello tower is located on a slight promontory from which it dominates the entire bay of Teulada and the towers of Sant’Isidoro, Pixinni, Malfatano and Porto Scudo. The tower, built in 1601 with irregular ashlars of local stones (mainly of magmatic-intrusive origin), has a truncated cone shape, an external diameter of 10,2 m and a height of 11,80 m. Inside it consists of a single room, with a domed vault and a central pillar, equipped with a embrasure, a fireplace, a trap door in the cistern, and a staircase, from which the square of arms was accessed. It was a torre de armas garrisoned by: 1 commander (in 1603), 1 artilleryman and 4 soldiers (1767), 1 artilleryman and 3 soldiers (1801), 1 artilleryman and 4 soldiers (1812). Although it underwent several restorations, documented as early as the years 1617-1619, the tower remained generally in good condition until the period 1763-1784, in which new restoration works were carried out including the closure of the parade ground with a classic parapet with gunboats and battlements. Other restoration works are carried out in 1808, 1819 and 1840. The tower remained in operation until 1843. Like all the other coastal fortifications, it was then definitively demilitarized with the Regio Decreto of 25 April 1867. Specific objectives of the research are the petrographic and physical-mechanical analysis of the stones and ancient mortars used in the construction of the tower, the structural analysis of the building and related geometric-constructive characteristics. The final intention is to understand the decay processes taking place on the tower both in terms of materials and static-structural aspects, and to envisage possible restoration interventions to be implemented aimed at its conservation.
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Altinoz, Mesru, Almila Guvenc Yazicioglu i Derek Baker. "Experimental Investigation of Single-Phase Liquid Flow and Heat Transfer in Multiport Minichannels". W ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2014-21481.

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Small channels have been an area of interest since the 1970s owing to their enhanced heat transfer characteristics. However a wide number of studies in literature show inconsistent results. In this work, an experimental set-up has been designed and constructed to investigate pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of single-phase water flow in rectangular multiport minichannels. Laminar flow inside three minichannels with different hydraulic diameters and different port numbers were examined under a constant heat flux boundary condition. The results are presented in terms of Poiseuille number (Po) and average Nusselt number (Nu). Generally, average Nusselt number results and Poiseuille number results showed good agreement with constant Po theory and constant Nu theory, excluding developing effects and experimental errors. On the other hand, developing effects are found to be increasing as hydraulic diameter decreases. Similarly, constant Nu value showed a decrease with increasing hydraulic diameter. The experimental results are compared with conventional correlations. While the agreement with conventional correlations is satisfactory, the predictions of the correlations overestimated most of the results. No early transition was observed for Reynolds number (Re) smaller than 1800.
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Throckmorton, Jodi. "Ansel Adams: early works". W IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, redaktorzy Bernice E. Rogowitz i Thrasyvoulos N. Pappas. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.850845.

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Tickle, Evelyn. "Oyster Hack". W 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.57.

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There is a state of emergency in the USA- catastrophic coastal erosion, rising sea levels at the rate of one-eighth of an inch per year and poor water quality. Oysters can help. Oysters filter the water, removing toxins. Oyster reefs are living infra-structures that protect coastlines from storms and tidal surges. But…many of the world’s existing oyster reefs are functionally impaired. The Chesapeake Bay is dying. Untreated chemical run-off and human waste is creating ‘Dead Zones’ where there is no oxygen to support marine life. Much of Hurricane Sandy’s damage to New York City could have been prevented. In the early 1800’s the Harbor was lined with living oyster reefs. Now, these are dead or dying, fragile and vulnerable. Miami is flooded on a regular basis reports Miami Herald. Our oyster reefs must be revived or rebuilt- they will help. Walls are not the answer. 14% of US coastal cities have massive sea-walls already. National Geographic reports that by 2100 one-third of our coastal cities will be protected by walls, that cost billions of dollars and will not provide protection from the most severe storms. I believe in the power of the oyster. The oyster is an engineer- its reefs and shells work together as a “system of systems” to protect our waters and coastlines. Without them we are sunk, literally, no matter how many engineered systems we humans try to substitute and pay billions of dollars to implement.
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John, Tommy, Ray Deyoe, John Gray i Paul Gross. "Resurrecting a Major Coke Calcining Energy Recovery Plant". W ASME 2007 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2007-22039.

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Refurbishment of the Port Arthur Steam Energy facility began in early 2005 after key commercial agreements were concluded. The plant, which had been idle since October 2000, was originally constructed in 1983 and 1984 to recover energy from three petroleum coke calcining kilns at the Great Lakes Carbon LLC facility. Major repairs were needed because of extensive damage from sulfuric acid corrosion of the HRSG system and deterioration of water treatment facilities. In addition, major improvements were made including an acoustic cleaning system, multiclones for particulate emission reduction, magnesium oxide injection for corrosion control, a complete new control system with all new field instrumentation, stack improvements to increase dispersion, and improvements to the HRSG system and water treatment system to improve reliability and reduce maintenance. Rising energy prices dictated a fast-paced schedule. Following a major reconstruction effort with a peak force of 435 people, the facility was in full operation by August 2005, less than nine months from commencement. The facility is producing approximately 450,000 lb/hr of high pressure steam, the majority of which is sold to the neighboring Valero Port Arthur refinery, and producing 4 to 5 MW of power. By capturing 1800–2000°F heat that would other wise be wasted, the project recovers nearly 5 trillion Bru/year, off setting over 200 tons/yr of NOx and over 280,000 tons/yr of carbon dioxide that would otherwise be emitted by natural gas combustion. The success of the project can be attributed to management of the project which included innovative inspection techniques, development of the scope of work, design of improvements, and extensive construction and repairs.
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Bamberger, Judith Ann, i Margaret S. Greenwood. "Evaluation of Ultrasonic Methods for In-Situ Real-Time Characterization of Drilling Mud". W ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77488.

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A real time multi-functional ultrasonic sensor system is proposed to provide automated drilling fluid monitoring that can improve the capability and development of slimhole and microhole drilling. This type of reliable, accurate, and affordable drilling fluid monitoring will reduce the overall costs in exploration and production. It will also allow more effective drilling process automation while providing rig personnel a safer and more efficient work environment. Accurate and timely measurements of drilling fluid properties such as flow rate, density, viscosity, and solid loading are key components for characterizing rate of drill penetration, providing early warning of lost circulation, and for use in real-time well control. Continuous drilling fluid monitoring enhances drilling economics by reducing the risk of costly drilling downtime, increasing production performance, and improving well control. Investigations conducted to characterize physical properties of drilling mud indicate that ultrasound can be used to provide real-time, in-situ process monitoring and control. Three types of ultrasonic measurements were evaluated which include analysis of in wall, through wall and direct contact signals. In wall measurements provide acoustic impedance (the slurry density and speed of sound product). Through wall and direct contact measurements provide speed of sound and attenuation. This information is combined to determine physical properties such as slurry density, solids concentration and can be used to detect particle size changes and the presence of low levels of gas. The measurements showed that for the frequency range investigated in-wall measurements were obtained over the slurry density range from 1500 to 2200 kg/m3 (10 to 17 pounds solids per gallon of drilling fluid). Other measurements were obtained at densities in the 1500 to 1800 kg/m3 range. These promising measurement results show that ultrasound can be used for real-time in-situ characterization of the drilling process by monitoring drilling mud characteristics.
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Kim, Jeong-ryeol. "Big Data Arguments for Early English Education". W 10th International Workshop Series Convergence Works. Global Vision School Publication, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/asehl.2016.8.31.

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TAKUMA, HIROSHI. "LASER WORKS AT BOULDER LABORATORIES IN EARLY SIXTIES". W In Honor of John Hall on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday - The John Hall Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812773845_0003.

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Savchenko, H. S. "ORCHESTRAL WRITING OF I. STRAVINSKY IN EARLY WORKS". W VII International symposium «Humanities and Social Sciences in Europe: Achievements and Perspectives». Prague: Premier Publishing s.r.o., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29013/vii-symposium-pp-7-3-5.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Early works to 1800"

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Robledo, Ana, i Amber Gove. What Works in Early Reading Materials. RTI Press, luty 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0058.1902.

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Access to books is key to learning to read and sustaining a love of reading. Yet many low- and middle-income countries struggle to provide their students with reading materials of sufficient quality and quantity. Since 2008, RTI International has provided technical assistance in early reading assessment and instruction to ministries of education in dozens of low- and middle-income countries. The central objective of many of these programs has been to improve learning outcomes—in particular, reading—for students in the early grades of primary school. Under these programs, RTI has partnered with ministry staff to produce and distribute evidence-based instructional materials at a regional or national scale, in quantities that increase the likelihood that children will have ample opportunities to practice reading skills, and at a cost that can be sustained in the long term by the education system. In this paper, we seek to capture the practices RTI has developed and refined over the last decade, particularly in response to the challenges inherent in contexts with high linguistic diversity and low operational capacity for producing and distributing instructional materials. These practices constitute our approach to developing and producing instructional materials for early grade literacy. We also touch upon effective planning for printing and distribution procurement, but we do not consider the printing and distribution processes in depth in this paper. We expect this volume will be useful for donors, policymakers, and practitioners interested in improving access to cost-effective, high-quality teaching and learning materials for the early grades.
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Bulat, Jennae, Margaret Dubeck, Paula Green, Karon Harden, Catherine Henny, Mónika Mattos, Alison Pflepsen, Ana Robledo i Yasmin Sitabkhan. What Works in Early Grade Literacy Instruction. RTI Press, luty 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0039.1702.

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López Bóo, Florencia, i Helen Baker-Henningham. Early Childhood Stimulation Interventions in Developing Countries: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Inter-American Development Bank, wrzesień 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011115.

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This report reviews the effectiveness of early childhood stimulation interventions in developing countries. The report aims to answer the questions: What works in terms of early stimulation for young children in developing countries? For whom and under what conditions do these programs work and why do they work.
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Wickenden, Mary, Brigitte Rohwerder, Jackie Shaw, Stephen Thompson i Eric Wakoko. “The Situation has Exposed Persons with Disabilities to Double Edged Pain”: People with Disabilities’ Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Uganda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), maj 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/if.2021.009.

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This qualitative study was undertaken as part of the work of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) funded Inclusion Works programme which aims to improve inclusive employment for people with disabilities in four countries: Uganda, Kenya, Nigeria, Bangladesh. When the COVID-19 pandemic emerged early in 2020 the work of this consortium programme was adapted to focus on pandemic relief and research activities, while some other planned work was not possible.
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Wickenden, Mary, Wickenden, Mary, Brigitte Rohwerder, Jackie Shaw, Stephen Thompson i Eric Wakoko. “The Situation has Exposed Persons with Disabilities to Double Edged Pain”: People with Disabilities’ Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Uganda. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), maj 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/if.2021.010.

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This qualitative study was undertaken as part of the work of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) funded Inclusion Works programme which aims to improve inclusive employment for people with disabilities in four countries: Uganda, Kenya, Nigeria, Bangladesh. When the COVID-19 pandemic emerged early in 2020 the work of this consortium programme was adapted to focus on pandemic relief and research activities, while some other planned work was not possible.
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Gonzalez Diez, Verónica M., Nayda Ávalos, Ana María Linares, Johanan Rivera, Jonathan Rose, Maya Jansson, Pablo Alonso i in. IDB and IIC Project Performance: OVE’s Review of 2016 Project Completion Reports and Expanded Supervision Reports. Inter-American Development Bank, październik 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010686.

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Assessing the results of individual development operations is essential to learning what works and what does not and thus to increasing the effectiveness of investments in development. The purpose of this independent review is to ensure the accuracy and credibility of the project performance reporting system. This report summarizes the results and findings of OVE’s review of the 30 Expanded Supervision Reports (XSRs) completed by IIC in 2016 for NSG operations that reached early operating maturity in 2015, and for the 21 Project Completion Reports (PCRs) that IDB completed under the 2014 PCR guidelines by the end of 2016.
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Thompson, Stephen, Shadrach Chuba-Uzo, Brigitte Rohwerder, Jackie Shaw i Mary Wickenden. “This Pandemic Brought a Lot of Sadness”: People with Disabilities’ Experiences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), czerwiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/if.2021.008.

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This qualitative study was undertaken as part of the work of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) funded Inclusion Works programme which aims to improve inclusive employment for people with disabilities in four countries: Uganda, Kenya, Nigeria, Bangladesh. When the COVID-19 pandemic emerged early in 2020 the work of this consortium programme was adapted to focus on pandemic relief and research activities, while some other planned work was not possible. The Institute of Development Studies (IDS) led a piece of qualitative research to explore the experiences and perceptions of the pandemic and related lockdowns in each country, using a narrative interview approach, which asks people to tell their stories, following up with some further questions once they have identified their priorities to talk about. 10 people with disabilities who were involved in Inclusion Works in each country were purposively selected to take part, each being invited to have two interviews with an interval of one or two months in between, in order to capture changes in their situation over time. The 10 interviewees had a range of impairments, were gender balanced and were various ages, as well as having differing living and working situations.
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Dabrowski, Anna, i Pru Mitchell. Professional learning modes. Literature review. Australian Council for Educational Research, czerwiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-695-6.

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This literature review summarises evidence from education research to describe and compare different modes of professional learning. It applies the findings to the question: ‘what works best, and for whom’ in terms of modes of professional learning for Australian teachers, with particular focus on early childhood teachers, casual relief teachers and teachers in rural and remote teaching contexts. A key professional learning challenge common to these teachers is isolation – which can be physical, pedagogical, technological and/or social isolation. The review sought to identify research on modes of professional learning and in particular any studies that compared different modes of professional learning. The reviewers were interested in evidence pointing to the circumstances in which a particular mode of professional learning might have the most impact on teaching practice or school culture, as well as whether particular modes, or combination of modes, had greater impact for specific cohorts of teachers.
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Rosen, Jeffrey A., Kesha Hudson, Susan Rotermund, Cheryl Roberts i Anna-Lisa Mackey. Social Emotional Learning in Middle School: Developing Evidence-Based Programs. RTI Press, lipiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2022.op.0075.2207.

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This article focuses attention on a critical need for more evidence-based social emotional learning (SEL) programs for middle school students. First, we explore the definition of SEL, pointing out how it has evolved as our world has changed. We review key SEL domains and skills and describe universal school-based SEL programming as one approach to fostering students’ SEL competencies. We highlight the ongoing need for evidence-based middle school SEL programs by demonstrating how few programs meet the rigorous What Works Clearinghouse (WWC), Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL), and Blueprints standards for evidence. We extend our summary of these programs by noting that even when positive effects have been demonstrated, these effects were often observed in a single domain, such as substance use, or outnumbered by null effects, which undermines efforts to understand program effectiveness. We conclude by considering the unique developmental needs of early adolescents and providing recommendations for the development or refinement of SEL programs that target middle school students.
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Agrawal, Asha Weinstein, Serena Alexander i Ashley M. Hooper. Understanding COVID-19’s Impact on Local Transportation Revenue –A Mid-Crisis View from Experts. Mineta Transportation Institute, październik 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.1938b.

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When COVID-19 swept into the United States in early 2020, it upended two patterns of behavior critical to transportation funding: how people traveled and where economic activity occurred. This study explored how, one year into the pandemic, experts in California believed that the COVID-19 pandemic was impacting local transportation budgets. We interviewed 34 funding experts who represented local transportation and public works departments, state officials, and municipal finance experts. In these conversations, conducted from December 2020 to March 2021, we asked interviewees how they saw COVID-19 impacting their overall local transportation budgets in the short and long term as well as which specific revenue sources were particularly effected. Key findings were as follows: the transportation revenue impacts from COVID-19 varied greatly by place, mode, and type of local government; public transit was the mode that experienced the most drastic change in transportation revenues; federal coronavirus relief funds allowed essential services to continue through the pandemic; the shift to telework had an enormous impact on transportation budgets by changing the location of taxable activities and thus reallocating revenue differently across local jurisdictions; and COVID-19 spotlighted long-term challenges with both motor fuel taxes and the distribution of sales tax from online purchases.
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