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Songoulachvili, Catherine. "Les figures de l'animal chez Marcel Aymé et Mikhaïl Boulgakov". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CLF20002.
Pełny tekst źródłaRobert, Claire. "Aux racines de l'écologie : un nouveau sentiment de la nature chez les écrivains français du 19e siècle". Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030171.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the 19th century, the industrial Revolution and the spectacular development of science, technology and transportation (railway) modified in depth the connections between Man and nature. In the French literature, a new feeling of Nature took shape, which carried in it the germs of three founding ecologies : ecology of the science of the living, ecology of landscapes and political ecology. After Rousseau, the writers made up a “naturalistic lyricism” around the sensitive re-discovery of forests, plants and animals, exploring thus a new ethics of the living (Michelet, Sand, Reclus, Maeterlinck). They launched the landscape of the “sublime” fashion (mountains and seas) and fed the myth of wild Nature, answering the American poets (Thoreau, Muir). They sketched out a poetic geography they meant to protect: “law of the sea”, “artistic reservations” in Fontainebleau, national park according to Robida, etc. The pre-ecological feeling confronted the ideology of progress (Verne, Saint-Simonism) and with the pessimism of the realistic and naturalist writers of the second half of the 19th century (Flaubert, Goncourt, Maupassant) ; but it re-appeared through the criticism of Modernity: sites denaturated by tourism (Töpffer, Champfleury, Daudet), bewitching cities (Baudelaire, Huysmans, Verhaeren), alienating mechanisation (Zola, Lafargue), social misery (Hugo), miasmas and waste (Taine). The literary questioned the future of the industrial and capitalist societies: are they on the way towards a new alliance with Nature or a large-scale disaster (Rosny, La Mort de la Terre), as a punishment of promethean pride?
Jamon, Marc. "L'orientation lointaine chez l'animal". Aix-Marseille 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX22026.
Pełny tekst źródłaHéjja-Brichard, Yseult. "Spatial and temporal integration of binocular disparity in the primate brain". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30086.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe primate visual system strongly relies on the small differences between the two retinal projections to perceive depth. However, it is not fully understood how those binocular disparities are computed and integrated by the nervous system. On the one hand, single-unit recordings in macaque give access to neuronal encoding of disparity at a very local level. On the other hand, functional neuroimaging (fMRI) studies in human shed light on the cortical networks involved in disparity processing at a macroscopic level but with a different species. In this thesis, we propose to use an fMRI approach in macaque to bridge the gap between single-unit and fMRI recordings conducted in the non-human and human primate brain, respectively, by allowing direct comparisons between the two species. More specifically, we focused on the temporal and spatial processing of binocular disparities at the cortical but also at the perceptual level. Investigating cortical activity in response to motion-in-depth, we could show for the first time that 1) there is a dedicated network in macaque that comprises areas beyond the MT cluster and its surroundings and that 2) there are homologies with the human network involved in processing very similar stimuli. In a second study, we tried to establish a link between perceptual biases that reflect statistical regularities in the three-dimensional visual environment and cortical activity, by investigating whether such biases exist and can be related to specific responses at a macroscopic level. We found stronger activity for the stimulus reflecting natural statistics in one subject, demonstrating a potential influence of spatial regularities on the cortical activity. Further work is needed to firmly conclude about such a link. Nonetheless, we robustly confirmed the existence of a vast cortical network responding to correlated disparities in the macaque brain. Finally, we could measure for the first time retinal corresponding points on the vertical meridian of a macaque subject performing a behavioural task (forced-choice procedure) and compare it to the data we also collected in several human observers with the very same protocol. In the discussion sections, we showed how these findings open the door to varied perspectives
Tentchev, Diana. "Le virus des ailes déformées chez l'abeille domestique Apis mellifera L. Et chez son ectoparasite Varroa destructor". Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20199.
Pełny tekst źródłaKhidir, Zakaria Fadoul. "Lexique des animaux chez les Beri du Tchad". Universität Leipzig, 2001. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33599.
Pełny tekst źródłaMasounave, Laure Bertagnoli Stéphane. "Les pestivirus chez les animaux sauvages étude bibliographique /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/2076/1/debouch_2076.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaDarras, Sébastien. "Formation des structures axiales chez les chordés". Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX22015.
Pełny tekst źródłaLefebvre, François. "Stratégies de reproduction chez les crustacés isopodes terrestres". Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2271.
Pełny tekst źródłaWe investigated various aspects, essentially behavioural ones, of the reproduction of terrestrial isopods by using Armadillidium vulgare and Porcellionides pruinosus as model species. A chemical analysis was carried out on cuticular compounds involved in the recognition of sexual partners. The competitive strategy of males seems to primarily occur through a scramble search for receptive females. During sexual interactions, females resist male sexual attempts, which can be interpreted as a possible mechanism of choice. We highlighted some of the phenotypic peculiarities of females (existence of a spermathecae, plasticity in the onset of reproduction) that allow them to adjust their reproductive investment as a function of male availability. In natural populations, there exists frequent paucity in males, which is directly related to the presence of feminising Wolbachia bacteria
Vakanas, Guillaume. "Les mécanismes de la coopération chez les Arthropodes sociaux : étude de la prédation chez une araignée sociale "Anelosimus eximius" ("Araneae,Theridiidae)". Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10025.
Pełny tekst źródłaPredation in a social species of spider, Anelosimus eximius, is characterised by 3 steps: during the first spiders are recruited, thus it capture and finally transport the prey. The organisation observed during capture and transport is explained by a coordination of individual acts that results of an adjustment of their behaviours to the state of the prey and to its environment (stimergic process). This is confirmed by computer simulation. The regulation of the number of individuals participating in every stage of the predation is also explained by auto-organisation phenomena. It is the prey features (vibrations, weight and size) that regulate the individual involvement. The nutritional status of individuals is also involved in this regulation. Small spiders are more active than large one. Thus, cooperation during predation emerges from group living and doesn't require sophisticated communication mechanisms between individuals. It permits to understand better how the passage from solitary to social species has been realised without important modifications of individual behaviours
Livoreil, Barbara. "Etude comparée des modalités d'approvisionnement alimentaire chez trois espèces d'écureuils terrestres". Paris 13, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA131011.
Pełny tekst źródłaPicard, Nicolas. "Le Grimoire animal. L'existence des bêtes dans la prose littéraire de langue française 1891-1938". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA054/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaAt the turn of the twentieth century and increasingly until the Second World War, French-language literature started to provide animals with capacities that were traditionally reserved for humans. In the relevant texts, animals have a rich emotional life, they interact and communicate with their environment and other living beings in numerous and complex ways ; by producing and interpreting signs, they construct a subjective world of their own. They demonstrate, moreover, amazing reasoning and cognitive abilities and original personalities. In short, at a time when, in philosophy, science and literature, prevail the anthropocentric paradigm and reductionist conceptions of animal life, literary animals become subjects, they are granted, by a whole set of writers, an existence. This existence is most of the time enigmatic : reading and writing therefore involve its unveiling, the deciphering but also the questioning and configuration of the animal "grimoire" (Genevoix). Inspired in particular by this heuristic metaphor, I wish in this piece of research to study how, between 1891 and 1938, French-language literary prose, thus a whole variety of writings, recreates animal lives, tries to apprehend the concrete nature of animals and the relationships we have with them. My final goal is to measure the ethical dimension of these texts which, by deconstructing anthropocentrism, help to rethink the way we view animals and our coexistence with them
Beaulieu, Michael. "Réponses aux contraintes de reproduction chez le manchot Adélie". Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6205.
Pełny tekst źródłaLife-history theory predicts that an increased allocation of resources into current breeding will be followed by a lower adult survival or fecundity. Consequently, long-lived animals have to accurately regulate their effort in current reproduction to maximise their survival probability and lifetime breeding success. In addition, in biparental species, a conflict of interest may arise between mates, both being expected to minimise their breeding effort in current reproduction. We examined the trade-off between reproduction and maintenance in a long-lived and biparental species, the Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae, subjected to two constraints (environmental and experimental) affecting food accessibility during the breeding season. Penguins responded to both constraints by adjusting their foraging behaviour: longer foraging trips, modified spatial distribution and diving parameters. These behavioural changes are likely to result from hormonal changes (prolactin). In addition, penguins facing a breeding constraint give priority to their maintenance by increasing their antioxidant capacity, expected to reduce the negative impacts of reproduction on the organism senescence (steady telomere size). However, when the constraint is too severe, these behavioural and physiological adjustments are insufficient and in that case, penguins exhibit decreased body condition, lower survival rate and fecundity the subsequent year. This may explain why, when only one mate is subjected to a breeding constraint, its partner does not increase its parental effort to compensate, presumably to avoid the potential long-term consequences of an additional investment. In Adélie penguins, parental flexibility appears limited and beyond a threshold of constraint, this flexibility remains insufficient to avoid the deleterious consequences of reproduction on their fitness
Konaré, Alhousseyni. "Mystique et prophétie chez Léopold Sédar Senghor et Aimé Césaire". Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040286.
Pełny tekst źródłaBouchard, Martel Joanie. "Caractérisation des cellules interstitielles des quatre différentes valves cardiaques chez le porc". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25315/25315.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSpahr, Annie. "Caractérisation des macrophages alvéolaires chez un modèle animal d'asthme allergique". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24369/24369.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaLoyau, Adeline. "Sélection sexuelle et honnêteté des signaux chez le Paon bleu (Pavo cristatus)". Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0064.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn many species males exhibit varous conspicous secondary sexual traits thought to have evolved under sexual selection. These multiple traits may honestly signal male genetic quality. Prefering males able to express the most important signals, females may benefit from the genetic quality of their mates to transmit this genetic quality to their offspring. In turn, females are expected to invest more into reproduction when they are paired with more attractive males. We studied the mechanisms of sexual selection in a lekkig species, the Common peafowl, Pavo cristatus. We found that males display multiple signals. Indeed, male-male competition favored males with longer tarsis and longer trains and females preferred to mate with more ornamented males and males showing a high display rate. These males settled their territory where the probability to encounter females was the highest. The signals used by the femelles to choose a mate were honest signals of male health status and male immune capacities. When experiementally paired with attractive males, females invested more into reproduction. Overall, these results demonstrate that male multiple traits can have evolved because they were linked to “good genes” gathered by the females for their offspring
Montigny, Delphine. "Fonctions adaptatives immédiates et diofférées de la phéronone mammaire chez le lapereau". Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA132031.
Pełny tekst źródłaNewborn rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) are dependent of maternal odour cues to localise the nipples and to suck. During a nursing episode, they display a typical behaviour under the mother’s abdomen constitutedby searching movements of the head usually followed by oral grasping movements. Such responses are in particular released by the mammary pheromone (MP) emitted by lactating females. They may also be induced bya novel odorant after it has been learned by association with the MP. In this context, three objectives have beenpursued in the present thesis: the assessment of the impact of the satiation and of the rabbit pup development on 1) the releasing activity of the MP, 2) the reinforcing impact of the MP on an initially neutral odorant; and 3) the evaluation of the long term impact of the releasing and reinforcing functions of the MP during the development of the young rabbit. 1) During the first postnatal days, the ability of the MP to trigger the orocephalic movements of the pups appears independent of the prandial state. Then, a progressive transition from an “automatic” response to the MP to a response regulated by post-ingestive or post-absorptive factors occurs. Indeed, the response to the MP remains very high along the 24-h cycle on d2, but on d5 the MP is highly active only right before the daily nursing. Moreover, an evolution in the morphology of the response to the MP appears between birth and weaning. 2) The potency of the MP to induce odour-learning is affected by the prandial state as soon as d0. Inaddition, this reinforcing function vanishes after d4, suggesting the presence of a sensitive period for the reinforcing activity of the MP. 3) The neonatal learning of a new odorant seems to impact the behaviour of young rabbits (around 30-day-old) tested for their social preferences, but not for their feeding ones. But this retention seems to require a stronger reinforcement (nursing) than that resulting from the exposure to the MP only. These results open perspectives for the study of the mechanisms engaged in the learning of the mammal newborn and of their consequences in the short as the long term, in particular through the action of pheromonal and of multi-sensory reinforcers dependent of the mother that contribute to the adaptation of the young
Sánchez, Maria Gabriela. "Neuromodulation estrogénique chez le singe". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23256.
Pełny tekst źródłaLegagneux, Pierre Bretagnolle Vincent Groscolas René. "Compromis entre alimentation et risque de prédation chez les canards hivernants Une approche multi-échelles /". Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2008. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/841/01/LEGAGNEUX_Pierre_2007.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThèse en français avec des extraits de publication en anglais. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 80-97.
Bousquié, Lara. "Etude des processus cognitifs impliqués dans la différenciation des émotions chez l'agneau (Ovis aries)". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF21498.
Pełny tekst źródłaSaleh-Mghir, Essam. "La reconnaissance coloniale chez l'abeille : Apis mellifica L". Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30273.
Pełny tekst źródłaPelé, Marie. "Etude comparative des facultés d’échange chez les primates non humains". Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/PELE_Marie_2010.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaAs in humans, reciprocal interactions are reported in animals such as primates. Some authors proposed that these interactions are based on calculated reciprocity, a mechanism by which individuals keep track of what has been given and returned and consider it for future exchanges. This work aimed at studying the conditions necessary for calculated reciprocity to occur 1. By testing whether primates understand the temporal cost associated with an exchange, 2. By studying the capacity of primates to take a risk during an exchange and 3. By searching whether primates are capable to engage with a conspecific in a calculated exchange under controlled conditions. In the 1st study, for a reward equivalent to 8 times an initial item, capuchins could wait for 10-20 s, macaques for 40-80 s and chimpanzees for 1-2 min. In the 2nd study, primates are capable to estimate gain and loss probabilities and to consider it when deciding to engage or not in an exchange. In the last study, two orang-utans were able to engage in a system of exchanges that was both stable and calculated. Only few begging gestures and gifts were observed in chimpanzees, bonobos and gorillas; and individuals were not capable to reciprocate. In capuchins and macaques, no begging gesture nor gifts has been observed. Although spontaneous exchange is difficult in non-human primates, this work shows that they possess some abilities to evaluate the value of goods, to accept a loss and to delay gratification, which are among the required capacities underlying economics transactions as observed in human beings
Boyer, Stéphane. "Séléction de l'habitat chez les blattes introduites/endémiques(insectes:dictyoptères). Exemple de Mayotte et la Réunion". Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10106.
Pełny tekst źródłaRousselle, Marjolaine. "Estimation et analyse du taux de substitution adaptatif chez les animaux". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG040/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaUnderstanding the determinants of the adaptive substitution rate is a central question inmolecular evolution. In particular, the influence of the effective population size N e on positiveselection as well as the nature of amino acid changes that lead to adaptation are still debated. TheDFE-α method, which was derived from the seminal McDonald & Kreitman test, is a powerful toolfor estimating the adaptive substitution rate. However, it is sensitive to various sources of bias. Inthis thesis, we identified two major sources of bias of this test, long-term fluctuations of theselective-drift regime through demographic fluctuations, and GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC).Using simulations, we showed that under plausible scenarios of fluctuating demography, the DFE-αmethod can lead to a severe over-estimation of the adaptive substitution rate. We also showed thatpolymorphism data reflect a transient selective-drift regime which is unlikely to correspond to theaverage regime experienced by genes and genomes during the long-term divergence betweenspecies. This violates an important assumption of the DFE-α method. Our results also indicate thatgBGC leads to an over-estimation of the adaptive substitution rate in primates and birds. Using adataset of nine metazoan taxa for a total of 40 species, we started an analysis aiming at identifyingthe type of amino acid changes that are more prone to adaptation, and evaluated the link between N eand the adaptive substitution rate while accounting for the two sources of bias previously explored.We reveal for the first time a negative relationship between the adaptive substitution rate and life-history traits representative of long-term N e . This result is in contradiction with the widespreadhypothesis that adaptation is more efficient in large populations
Cransac, Nathalie. "Déterminismes de la ségrégation entre les sexes chez le Mouflon (Ovis gmelini) : rôle des caractéristiques de l'habitat". Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30051.
Pełny tekst źródłaParisot, Maelle. "Le statut social et le choix du partenaire chez le canari domestique commun (Serinus canaria): indices comportementaux, hormonaux et vocaux". Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA132018.
Pełny tekst źródłaKeller, Matthieu. "Processus d'acquisition et de consolidation impliqués dans la mémorisation des caractéristiques multisensorielles du jeune par la brebis : approches comportementale et neurobiologique". Paris 13, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA132028.
Pełny tekst źródłaLe, Vaillant Maryline. "Effet de l’âge et de l’expérience sur les stratégies de recherche alimentaire chez une espèce d’oiseau longévive : le manchot royal". Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6216.
Pełny tekst źródłaLife history theory predicts that long-lived species should firstly favour their survival at young ages since their chances to engage in future reproductive attempts is high, and then progressively favour their reproduction when growing old. This theory has received much support from experimental and field data as reproductive success often increases with age until the individual reaches senescence. One explanation of age-dependent reproductive performance could be the improvement in foraging efficiency with age and acquisition of experience. We examined age and experience effects on foraging behaviour in a long-lived seabird, the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus). We highlighted that, with increasing age and experience, king penguin in Crozet Archipelago conduct strategies that aim at reducing the foraging effort, such as diving optimization or age-specific choice of prey. The extra foraging effort of first breeders had an impact on their breeding success. Nevertheless, we found no differences in hunting efficiency according to age and/or experience. Our results suggest that foraging efficiency of breeders could be more linked to physiological processes, such as cellular ageing, than to age or experience
Cantagrel, Sylvain. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans les lésions cérébrales après hypoxie-ischémie chez l'animal en développement". Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR3301.
Pełny tekst źródłaLizé, Anne. "Reconnaissance de parentèle chez Aleochara bilineata (Coleoptera : Staphylinidae) : mécanismes proximaux et optimalité évolutive". Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1S085.
Pełny tekst źródłaKin recognition, defined as the identification and differential treatments of kin and non-kin, allows to identify the factors influencing the sociality establishment. This ability exists in all the animal kingdom, from unicellular organisms to human being. However, in insects, kin recognition has only been studied in social or clonal species. In the non-social staphylinid beetle Aleochara bilineata (Coleoptera ; Staphylinidae), the first instar larvae, which develop as pupal parasitoid of the cabbage root fly Delia radicum (Diptera ; Anthomyiidae), and the adults are able of kin recognition. In this species, kin recognition is studied according to its expression contexts, proximal mechanisms and its evolutionary optimality. The factors leading to sociality establishment in animal populations are reached
Ethier, Christian. "Propriétés fonctionnelles et organisation du cortex moteur chez le chat". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/25023/25023.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaSueur, Cédric Petit Odile Deneubourg Jean-Louis. "Étude comparative de l'influence des relations sociales sur l'organisation des déplacements collectifs chez deux espèces de macaques (Macaca tonkeana, M. mulatta)". Strasbourg : Université de Strasbourg, 2009. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/1074/01/SUEUR_Cedric_2008.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 194-218.
Keiflin, Ronald. "La rechute chez le toxicomane et sa modélisation chez l'animal : analyse des processus comportementaux élémentaires". Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21528.
Pełny tekst źródłaRelapse to drug taking, evenafter extended periods of abstinence, is one od the main obstacles to the effective treatment of drug addiction. Although the factors responsible for the resumption of drug taking in human addicts are not completely understood, acute re-exposure to the drug has been identified as a major determinant of relapse. In an animal model of relapse, an acute "priming" injection of the drug results in a robust reinstatement of a formerly acquired and then extinguished drug self-administration behavior. In order to determine more precisely which feature of human relapse is captured by the reinstatement model, we intended to tease apart the contribution of several elemental psychological processes in the cocaine-induced reinstatement model. We found that : 1/ Cocaine acts as a (internal) stimulus and acquires discriminative control over behavior. Hence, cocaine can reinstate an extinguished food-seeking gehavior when this behavior has been previously trained under the influence of cocaine. 2/ Cocaine-induced reinstatement is independent of the current value of the outcome. This result indicates that cocaine-induced reinstatement is not a goal-directed behavior (reinstatement is not necessarly equivalent to drug seeking). This series of experiments indicates that the reinstatement model, cocaine acts as a discriminative stimulus that controls the activation of automatic, habit-based behaviors. In human addicts, such a discriminative control of automatic drug-related behaviors might explain the high probability of relapse, even after extended periods of abstinence and conscious knowledge of the long-term aversive consequences
Dufour, Barbara. "Contribution à l'évaluation du fonctionnement des réseaux de surveillance épidémiologique des maladies infectieuses animales". Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120079.
Pełny tekst źródłaDegeorges, Anne. "Investissement male et femelle à différentes étapes du cycle de reproductino et succès reproducteur chez la mouette tridactyle (Rissa tridactyla)". Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066698.
Pełny tekst źródłaSueur, Cédric. "Étude comparative de l’influence des relations sociales sur l’organisation des déplacements collectifs chez deux espèces de macaques (Macaca tonkeana, M. Mulatta)". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/SUEUR_Cedric_2008.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiving in groups involves group cohesion and synchronization. In this context, animals with different needs have to decide collectively about the time and the direction to move. In Primates, studies mainly focused on intentional behaviours such as recruitment, while in large groups they showed the existence of auto-organised processes. Few studies however have been carried out to prove the existence of these self-organised processes in highly structured groups as primates’ ones. In the same way, studies showed how social relationships of group members constrained behaviours like aggressive, conciliatory or grooming ones but we don’t know how these social relationships influenced the kind of consensus in a species. In order to test these hypotheses, I studied two macaque species with contrasted social style, the rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) having a strict hierarchy and a high nepotism and the Tonkean macaque (M. Tonkeana) known to be tolerant. Results of this thesis showed the existence of both auto-organised processes and more complex ones in these stable small groups with individuals demonstrating relatively complex cognitive abilities. Results also proved the influence of the social style of a species, in term of dominance and kinship, on the consensus. Tonkean macaques displayed an equally shared consensus and group members are organised according to affiliation during a collective movement. Conversely, rhesus macaques displayed a partially shared consensus in favour of high-ranking individuals and the organisation of individuals was biased in favour of kinship
Leonhardt, Marion. "Conséquences neuroendocriennes et métaboliques d'une sous-nutrition maternelle périnatale chez le rat". Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/21b2f981-03b3-4580-bee6-9c6342089656.
Pełny tekst źródłaToutain, Pierre-Louis. "Pharmacocinétique et action sur la glande surrénale des corticostéroi͏̈des chez les animaux". Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT017A.
Pełny tekst źródłaToutain, Pierre-Louis. "Pharmacocinétique et action sur la glande surrénale des corticostéroïdes chez les animaux". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376016159.
Pełny tekst źródłaRousselet-Russo, Estelle. "Réponses cellulaires vis-à vis de l’exposition au cadmium chez les animaux". Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10196.
Pełny tekst źródłaMost consequences of cadmium exposure arise from the interaction with a range of bio-molecules and by interference with homeostasis of other metals. Zinc is the biologically metal that most closely resembles Cd. A High Resistant Zinc (HZR) cellline derived from HeLa cells was found to be resistant to Cd toxicity. The induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress decreases resistance of HZR cells to Cd exposure. Also tyrosine catabolism, may be as a way of producing melanin, is involved in adaptation to high zinc concentrations, as witnessed by proteomic analysis. The Cd resistance of HZR cells is due to the limitation of intracellular cadmium. The over-expression of major efflux pumps was not responsible for expelling Cd from HZR cells. Instead, Cd uptake was limited by a not already known Cd transporters characterized in other cell types. A genome-wide analysis of the HZR transcripts underlines a series of signalisation pathways in which the number of cellular components that are sensitive is too large to identify individual molecules directly responsible for handling zinc or Cd. Ln mammals, Cd intoxication could lead to anemia. At the cellular level, iron homeostasis is regulated at the translational level by the IRE (Iron Responsive Element)! IRP (Iron Regulatory Proteins) system. Mice, orally treated with Cd, show neither anemia nor changes in tissue IRP activities, although significant accumulation of Cd in these organs. Ln HeLa cells Cd decreases the IRPI stability, contrary to the HZR cells. The cellular responses to Cd depend on the cellular conditions, most probably by the interplay among the signalling cascades evidenced in the HZR transcriptomic studies
Ducoing, Diaz Ana Maria. "Transmission et dissimulation d'information chez le macaque de Tonkean (Macaca Tonkeana)". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13130.
Pełny tekst źródłaPoumarat, François. "Epidémiologie de l'infection à Mycoplasma bovis chez les bovins en France". Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO11739.
Pełny tekst źródłaHardouin, Loïc. "Communication acoustique et territorialité chez les rapaces nocturnes". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/HARDOUIN_Loic_2006.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaHardouin, Loïc Bretagnolle Vincent. "Communication acoustique et territorialité chez les rapaces nocturnes". Strasbourg : Université Louis Pasteur, 2006. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/544/01/HARDOUIN2006.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBallu, Olivier. "Exploration de la fonction inotrope chez le cobaye anesthésié". Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05P165.
Pełny tekst źródłaNeto, Vanessa. "Cryoconservation du tissu ovarien chez oryctolagus cuniculus, Felis catus et Bos taurus : application à la sauvegarde des ressources génétiques animales". Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10348.
Pełny tekst źródłaOvarian tissue cryopreservation allows to preserve simultaneously and without any stimulation, thousands of follicles of the ovarian stock. In the animals, it could contribute to preserve the genetic resources. Nevertheless, the use of this tool needs to define a freezing process adapted to the different cellular types of the ovarian tissue and adapted to the characteristic of each species. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of different chemo-physical parameters that could influence the results of the slow freezing of the ovarian tissue in the doe rabbit, in the cow and in the queen. Next, freezing protocol will be validated only by births after cryopreserved ovarian tissue graft. After the validation of the evaluation process to appreciate the follicular quality in each species, we defined a protocol for the doe rabbit ovaries and we proposed an adapted equilibration process. The use of a fractional experimental design allowed to show the major influence of the freezing rate in the doe rabbit, of the nature of the penetrating and the non penetrating cryoprotective agents in the doe rabbit and in the cow and finally, of the cellular surfactant in the cow. In the doe rabbit, the ovarian tissue frozen according to a post-seeding freezing rate at 0. 3°C/min in a freezing solution composed with propylen glycol and trehalose was at the origin of successive births. In the queen and in the cow, propylene glycol seems to be more adapted than dimetylsulfoxide, but another study will be necessary before to propose an affective ovarian tissue freezing process in these two species
Gillard, Marc. "Caractérisation des mélanomes chez le chien : un modèle génétique pour les mélanomes homologues chez l'homme". Rennes 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN1S152.
Pełny tekst źródłaMelanoma is the most serious skin cancer in Humans. With an increasing incidence and a terrible lack of efficient treatments, these tumors represent a major issue of public health. The dog, a promising model in biomedical research, also develops melanoma. My work has consisted in the collection of cases of melanoma and healthy controls in predisposed dog breeds and to characterize their homology with human melanoma. First, epidemiological and histological studies allowed us to identify black coated predisposed breeds and to determine that melanocytic neoplasms in dog are mostly intradermal. These results argue in favor of the implication of non UV dependant pathways in dog in dog melanoma development. By tumor DNA sequencing, we identified somatic mutations in NRAS and PTEN genes, conserved between dos and Humans. Finally, genetic association studies has been performed to decipher the genetic bases of melanoma in dogs. Some preliminary association study results on oral melanoma in poodles allowed us to identify two relevant loci on chromosome 5 and 22, remarkably containing MC1R, the master regulator of pigmentation pathway, and several genes implicated in Human cancers
Nadeau, Louis. "Simulations informatiques dans le contexte de l'homéostasie hydrominérale chez le rat". Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28715/28715.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBourjade, Marie. "Sociogenèse et expression des comportements individuels et collectifs chez le cheval". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/BOURJADE_Marie_2007.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis study deals with the role of social influences on the regulation of social behaviour in horses. The results show that the behaviour of young Przewalski horses correlates with the young/adult ratio of the family and that the development of young’s social preferences occurs with a differentiation of relationships according to interacting partners. An experimental study on young domestic horses in presence or absence of adult partners indicates some interacting effects of both partner types on the young’s sociogeny. Additionally, a predictive link between stallion dominance rank in all-male groups and their subsequent paternities suggests there are functional consequences of males’ social skills. A second investigation enhances different collective decision-making processes in the movements of Przewalski horse families. Indeed, the social dynamics of movement patterns are affected by individual, social and environmental factors