Książki na temat „Dynamic segregation”
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1
Hernbe, Philippe. From La Boaere to health resorts: Segregation and exclusion or freed men's dynamic. [S.l.]: Le Patriarche, 1989.
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Card, David E. Tipping and the dynamics of segregation. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007.
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Card, David E. Tipping and the dynamics of segregation in neighborhoods and schools. Princeton, NJ: Education Research Section, 2006.
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Milkman, Ruth. Gender at work: The dynamics of job segregation by sex during World War II. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.
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Fryer, Roland G. The importance of segregation, discrimination, peer dynamics, and identity in explaining trends in the racial achievement gap. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010.
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IUTAM Symposium on Segregation in Granular Flows (1999 Cape May, N.J.). IUTAM Symposium on Segregation in Granular Flows: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium held in Cape May, NJ, U.S.A., June 5-10, 1999. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
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Harks, Tobias, i Sebastian Vehlken. Neighborhood Technologies: Media and Mathematics of Dynamic Networks. University of Chicago Press, 2015.
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Kramer, Michael R. Residential Segregation and Health. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190843496.003.0012.
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Demographers and sociologists have long been interested in social inequality, including as it relates to space. Residential segregation is a specific type of social sorting that results in the spatial and physical separation of where individuals live in residential space. Residential location anchors the life course geography of opportunity and therefore drives the health-relevant exposure profile of individuals. This chapter develops an understanding of segregation as a spatiotemporally dynamic process rooted in history, with contemporary consequences. Sections on conventional and newly emerging measures of residential segregation (e.g., spatial and aspatial; local and regional), hypothesized mechanisms linking segregation to health, and future direction in segregation-health research are covered.
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Khan, Zeina Shereen. Granular segregation dynamics in a rotating drum. 2006.
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Felker-Kantor, Max. Policing Los Angeles. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469646831.001.0001.
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When the Los Angeles neighborhood of Watts erupted in violent protest in August 1965, the uprising drew strength from decades of pent-up frustration with employment discrimination, residential segregation, and poverty. But the more immediate grievance was anger at the racist and abusive practices of the Los Angeles Police Department. Yet in the decades after Watts, the LAPD resisted all but the most limited demands for reform made by activists and residents of color, instead intensifying its power. In Policing Los Angeles, Max Felker-Kantor narrates the dynamic history of policing, anti-police abuse movements, race, and politics in Los Angeles from the 1965 Watts uprising to the 1992 Los Angeles rebellion. Using the explosions of two large-scale uprisings in Los Angeles as bookends, Felker-Kantor highlights the racism at the heart of the city's expansive police power through a range of previously unused and rare archival sources. His book is a gripping and timely account of the transformation in police power, the convergence of interests in support of law and order policies, and African American and Mexican American resistance to police violence after the Watts uprising.
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Bearman, Peter, i Peter Hedström, red. The Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199215362.001.0001.
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This book explores analytical sociology as an approach for explaining important social facts such as network structures, patterns of residential segregation, typical beliefs, and cultural tastes. It brings together some of the most prominent analytical sociologists in Europe and the United States in an effort to clarify the distinctive features of the approach and to further its development. The volume is organized into four parts. Part I describes the foundations of analytical sociology while Part II discusses the role of action and interaction in explaining diverse social processes such as emotions and beliefs. Part III looks at the macroscopic social dynamics brought on by the activation of the cog-and-wheel mechanisms, tackling topics ranging from segregation dynamics to divorce and social influence. Part IV concludes the book by asking how analytic sociology relates to other fields and approaches such as game theory, analytic ethnography, and historical sociology.
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Rosemblatt, Karin Alejandra. Science and Politics of Race in Mexico and the United States, 1910-1950. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469636405.001.0001.
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In this history of the social and human sciences in Mexico and the United States, Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt reveals intricate connections among the development of science, the concept of race, and policies toward indigenous peoples. Focusing on the anthropologists, sociologists, biologists, physicians, and other experts who collaborated across borders from the Mexican Revolution through World War II, Rosemblatt traces how intellectuals on both sides of the Rio Grande forged shared networks in which they discussed indigenous peoples and other ethnic minorities. In doing so, Rosemblatt argues, they refashioned race as a scientific category and consolidated their influence within their respective national policy circles. Postrevolutionary Mexican experts aimed to transform their country into a modern secular state with a dynamic economy, and central to this endeavor was learning how to “manage” racial difference and social welfare. The same concern animated U.S. New Deal policies toward Native Americans. The scientists’ border-crossing conceptions of modernity, race, evolution, and pluralism were not simple one-way impositions or appropriations, and they had significant effects. In the United States, the resulting approaches to the management of Native American affairs later shaped policies toward immigrants and black Americans, while in Mexico, officials rejected policy prescriptions they associated with U.S. intellectual imperialism and racial segregation.
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IUTAM Symposium on Segregation in Granular Flows (Solid Mechanics and its Applications Volume 81) (Solid Mechanics and Its Applications). Springer, 2000.
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Simon, Julia. Time in the Blues. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190666552.001.0001.
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Time in the Blues presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the specific forms of temporality produced by and reflected in the blues. Often described as immediate, spontaneous, and intense, the blues focus on the present moment, creating an experience of time for both performer and listener that is inflected by the material conditions that gave rise to the genre. Examining time as it is represented, enacted, and experienced through the blues engages questions concerning how material conditions in the early twentieth century shaped a musical genre. The formal characteristics of the blues—ostinato patterns, cyclical changes, improvisation, call and response—emerge from and speak to economic, social, and political relations under Jim Crow segregation. A close examination of the structuring of time under sharecropping, convict lease, and migration reveals their significance to aesthetic constraints in the blues. Likewise, contexts and frames of reception, such as traveling shows, advertisements for 78 rpm records, and a sense of tradition structure the experience of time for an audience of listeners. Blues music provides a rich and complex articulation of a dynamic form of resonant temporality that speaks against the dominant culture through its insistence on the present moment. Ultimately, Time in the Blues, argues for the relevance, significance, and importance of time in the blues for shared values of community and a vision of social justice.
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Milkman, Ruth. Two Worlds of Unionism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040320.003.0008.
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This chapter examines the ways in which job segregation by gender is mirrored in the structure of organized labor, by analyzing patterns of union membership by gender, occupation, and industry in the early twenty-first century. It first looks at data on workforce feminization and segregation as well as evidence of women's view of organized labor and receptivity to unionism before comparing the composition of union membership to that of the U.S. labor force as a whole. It shows that there are two separate worlds of unionism, one male and one female, each with a distinctive culture and political orientation. Finally, it considers the fact that the labor movement is highly segmented along gender lines, along with its implications for understanding the dynamics of the relationship of women workers to unions in an era of labor movement decline.
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Milkman, Ruth. Gender at Work: The Dynamics of Job Segregation by Sex during World War II (The Working class in American history). University of Illinois Press, 1986.
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Paulson, Sally F. Desegregation and the Rhetorical Fight for African American Citizenship Rights: The Rhetorical/Legal Dynamics of with All Deliberate Speed. Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 2020.
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Baker, Robert Timothy. The order of things: Construction of a scanning tunneling microscope to study molecular order, phase segregation, and dynamics in ultrathin organic films. 1998.
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Stuck and Exploited Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Italy Between Exclusion, Discrimination and Struggles. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-532-2.
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This volume analyses exclusion processes, segregation dynamics and the forms of discrimination of refugees and asylum seekers in Italy, where the reception system is marked by opaqueness and arbitrariness and is becoming increasingly similar to the model of “camps”. The numerous vibrant contributions present a fully-fledged system of inferiorization, characterised by labour exploitation, housing discomfort, meagre rights and control strategies, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a sharp worsening of the health, work, housing and administrative conditions. A framework that has found opposition in the daily resistance and in the struggles of asylum seekers.
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Milkman, Ruth. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040320.003.0012.
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This book examines the historical and contemporary intersections of class and gender inequalities in the U.S. labor market, as well as efforts to challenge those inequalities. Drawing on four decades of research that dates back to the 1970s, it investigates the dynamics of job segregation by sex—the linchpin of gender inequality. It considers the relationship between women workers and labor unions and the American labor movement more generally. It also discusses union responses to workforce feminization, along with the sexual division of labor in the automobile industry during World War II. After explaining how the growing class inequality among women has contributed to employment growth in paid domestic labor and assessing these growing class inequalities in the context of work–family policy, the book concludes with an analysis of class-based disparities among women in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries by comparing the gender dynamics of the Great Depression of the 1930s and those of the Great Recession associated with the 2008 financial crisis.
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Hanson, Annette L. Clinical and legal implications of gangs. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0058.
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Gangs are a fact of life in jails and prisons. The extent and impact of gang activity on a facility will depend upon the size and geographic location of the facility. Smaller jails and prisons, or facilities in rural areas, are more likely to be involved with local or regional groups, also known as street gangs, while large facilities in urban areas will be affected more by nationally known or connected gangs. One survey of Florida prisoners found that inmates who were suspected or confirmed gang members were 35% more likely to commit violent acts than non-members. In a study of 2,158 male inmates in the Arizona Department of Corrections, gang-affiliated inmates were more than twice as likely as nonaffiliated inmates to commit an assault during the first three years of confinement Since institutional management often involves restriction of privileges, placement on long-term segregation, or transfer to a control unit prison, advocacy groups and individual inmates have filed suit against these policies based on First and Eighth Amendment, religious freedom, and anti-discrimination claims. Gang validation procedures themselves have been challenged as arbitrary and inaccurate, leading to inappropriate segregation or restrictions on prisoners who have exhibited no institutional violence. Psychiatrists need to be aware of the dynamics of gang leadership, membership or involvement when working with any gang member, as that will affect their ability and interest in collaborative treatment. These issues and best practices for intervention will be presented in this chapter.
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Milkman, Ruth. Women’s History and the Sears Case. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040320.003.0005.
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This chapter explores the dynamics of job segregation by gender as well as the social and cultural construction of boundaries between “male” and “female” work in the retail sector. More specifically, it analyzes the role of employers and their hiring policies in shaping the sexual division of paid labor by focusing on the controversy stemming from the legal battle between Sears Roebuck & Co. and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). After discussing the political context of the EEOC's class-action sex-discrimination lawsuit against Sears, the chapter considers the historical evidence presented by both parties through the expert testimonies of two historians: Rosalind Rosenberg for Sears and Alice Kessler-Harris for the EEOC. It examines how women's history and the issue of difference figured in Sears's defense, along with the EEOC's argument that Sears's policies systematically excluded women from its most highly paid sales jobs.
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Harold, Claudrena N. When Sunday Comes. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043574.001.0001.
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When Sunday Comes charts the explosive growth of the gospel music industry between 1968 and 1994. It contextualizes the genre’s sonic innovations, theological tensions, and political assertions within the larger framework of the socioeconomic and cultural transformations taking place in black America during the post–civil rights era. Through an examination of such gospel legends as James Cleveland, Andraé Crouch, Shirley Caesar, the Clark Sisters, the Winans, Al Green, and Kirk Franklin, among others, the book explores the ways in which gospel music has provided an outlet for African Americans to express their spiritual, cultural, and regional identities. Organized chronologically, When Sunday Comes pivots around six principal questions: What were the major sonic transformations in gospel music between 1968 and 1994, and to what extent were those transformations reflective of creative shifts within other musical genres, particularly R&B, soul, funk, disco, and hip-hop? In what ways were gospel artists shaped by larger political developments in the United States, i.e., the rise and fall of the Black Power movement as well as the growing influence of the Moral Majority? To what degree were the soundscapes of gospel music reflective of regional dynamics? How did the political economy of the entertainment industry affect gospel artists’ commercial opportunities? And did the end of de jure racial segregation alter black artists’ relationship with the predominantly white contemporary Christian music industry?
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Fain, Cicero M. ,. III. Black Huntington. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042591.001.0001.
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This book studies the multi-generational transition of rural and semi-rural southern black migrants to life in the embryonic urban-industrial town of Huntington, West Virginia, between 1871 and 1929. Strategically located adjacent to the Ohio River in the Tri-state region of southwestern West Virginia, southeastern Ohio, and eastern Kentucky, and founded as a transshipment station by financier Collis P. Huntington for the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad in 1871, Huntington grew from a non-descript village to the state’s most populated city by 1930. Huntington’s black population grew in concert: by 1930, the city’s black population comprised the second largest in the state, behind Charleston, the state capital. The urbanization process posed different challenges, burdens, and opportunities to the black migrant than those migrating to the rural-industrial southern West Virginia coal mines. Direct and intensive supervision marked the urban industrial workplace, unlike the autonomy black coal miners’ experienced in the mines. Forced to navigate the socioeconomic and political constraints and dynamics of Jim Crow Era dictates, what state officials euphemistically termed, “benevolent segregation,” Huntington’s black migrants made remarkable strides. In the quest to transition from slave to worker to professional, Huntington’s black migrants forged lives, raised families, build black institutions, purchased property, and become black professionals. This study centers the criticality of their efforts to Huntington’s growth as a commercial, manufacturing, industrial, and cultural center.
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Pryce, Paula. The Monk's Cell. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680589.001.0001.
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Based on long-term ethnographic research with Christian monastics in the United States and a dispersed network of interdenominational non-monastic Christian contemplatives, The Monk’s Cell shows how religious practitioners combined social action and intentional living with intellectual study and inter-religious practices to modify their ways of knowing, sensing, and experiencing the world. Paula Pryce developed innovative “intersubjective” fieldwork methods to explore how these opaque, often silent communities practiced a paradoxical combination of formalized ritual and intentional “unknowing” to cultivate a powerful sense of communion in everyday life. Organized by the metaphor of a seeker journeying toward the inner chambers of a monastic chapel, the book explores the fine details of how “communitas” actually occurs, including the relationship of agency and habitual behavior in practitioners’ attempts at transforming consciousness. Depicting the interplay of social diversity and cohesiveness in the unwieldy dynamism of pluralistic society, The Monk’s Cell develops a novel theory of variable knowledge types, including the key role of ambiguity. These American Christians’ ability to fuse so many spheres of knowledge and to live contemplatively challenges the often taken-for-granted segregation of the religious and the secular in the contemporary world. This study contributes to the anthropologies and epistemologies of Christianity, perception, and embodiment. It extends American ethnography by its use of new methods for studying silence, ritual, and performance, and by focusing on a highly educated, professional Euro-American community that is rarely the subject of ethnographic research and is often assumed to be the demographic most likely to reject religion.
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Reeves, Martha. Suppressed, Forced Out and Fired. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216186755.
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So entrenched and powerful is the patriarchy within organizations that women have serious difficulty acquiring positions of real importance, even when it is in the organization's best interest to use their talents fully (and reward them equitably). Reeves surveys the structural obstacles to women's advancement and argues that successful women executives threaten their male counterparts and their patriarchal culture, which responds by punishing them. Unlike other studies on the topic, Reeves explains the mechanisms by which gender discrimination operates—the dynamics of discrimination and the processes by which women in business are marginalized, subordinated, and excluded. Her book combines theory with first person case study accounts of 10 women who were suppressed, then fired. The result is a fresh, compelling argument that, despite claims to the contrary, the glass ceiling still exists. The patriarchy has simply devised subtle new ways to circumvent the legal remedies meant to crack through it. Reeves reviews statistics on the role of women in work, patterns of horizontal and vertical segregation, and differences in the experiences of men and women, then turns to an assessment of the theories of women's subordination. She profiles each of her 10 women subjects, explains their education, career trajectory, and accomplishments. Their experiences reveal various mechanisms through which the patriarchy operates to subordinate successful women, such as communication patterns among men that minimize women's contributions, withholding of information, denial of status to women, intimidation tactics, and the double bind that women find themselves in when they seek fair treatment. After analyzing the women's termination in detail, Reeves discusses how each woman's personality played a role in her termination. Reeves ends by drawing conclusions on what the present and future seem to hold for women's progress in organizations, and particularly in publicly held corporations.