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1
Matla, Oliver T. "Aging with dignity : elderly housing in an urban setting". Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1164839.
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The living situation of the older generation is a matter of increasing social concern. Demographic changes are leading to larger proportions of elderly people in the populations of the developed world. Tied into this evolution and even more important are the processes of social change - in particular the loosening of traditional family bonds - which make the living situation of older people extremely precarious once they begin to become frail.One aspect of the living situation of older people, namely their housing situation, or more specifically the question of housing and care, has long been neglected or mainly answered with uniform solutions of institutionalized housing for the elderly. Today, these cannot be seen as the only answer to the diverse needs of elderly people, especially since the housing situation has a very strong influence in determining their degree of self-sufficiency. The increased need for housing suited to the needs of elderly people is the impetus for additional investigation, improvement of present conditions, and studies of future developments. The resulting knowledge and impact on the built environment will be very important to academia and the future education of all environmental design professionals as well as society in general.The purpose of this investigation is to illustrate the significance and relationship of socialand spatial requirements within the concept of living and care, because only the simultaneous addressing of these conditions allows for 'aging with dignity'. The existing demographic situation as well as the inadequate housing situation for the elderly makes it important to investigate the provision of health care, social services, and everyday necessities along with a well-designed architectural and urban development framework.This paper consists of three main parts. The first two parts focus on the research of theoretical and practical design aspects as they pertain to current thinking in elderly care and assisted living. This is accomplished through an investigation of published international examples. In addition, valuable information about the housing needs and desires of elderly people was gathered by exploring four built examples in the United States and Germany, thus helping to identify the framework of the architectural exploration.The third part documents the development and process of both an operational and design concept for elderly housing in a selected urban community. The site is located in Potsdam, Germany, within an existing urban block of the old city core. The architectural design attempts to express the idea of 'aging in dignity' and includes thoughts about the interrelation of new and existing residential units as well as their impact on the context.The aim of the study is to ascertain information about the effects of diverse, networked and, in part, innovative facilities and services on the independent living capabilities of the elderly, and the control over one's living environment. Promoting independent living, this study should help to determine the extent to which these services could be provided.Department of Architecture
2
White, Debra Karen. "Integrated planning, design and construction of a United States Courthouse". Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072004-180237/unrestricted/white%5Fdebra%5Fk%5F200312%5Fms.pdf.
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Harrington, Kathleen. "Leadership by design : the gendered construction of military (Air Force) officers /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9432.
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Bracey, Karen Elizabeth. "Implications of tort law on professional liability in the design and construction industries". Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03142009-040444/.
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Redstone, Victoria. "Design analysis of the American residential garage, 1900-1940". Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1260632.
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Research on the American residential garage from 1900 to 1940 has demonstrated that the following factors impacted garage design: the practical demands of the automobile, architectural styles, placement on a lot, and the socio-economic status of the garage builder. The shape and function of garages were dictated by the maintenance requirements of automobiles and the fire hazards associated with early cars. Architectural styles affected garage design by influencing the materials, roof shapes, and door designs of a given garage. These effects were more evident in garages designed to match an individual house. Catalog garages were shaped by current architectural styles, but these garages were simpler in order to be compatible with a wide range of house styles. Garage placement affected several aspects of garage design including amenities such as electricity and plumbing. Placement was also determined by external factors such as lot size and local zoning regulations. The socio-economic status of a homeowner molded a garage's appearance significantly. Economic considerations impacted garage design by resulting in anything from a simple wooden box with a roof to a two-story brick garage with an apartment.Department of Architecture
6
Gregor, Jeffrey Allen. "Real options for naval ship design and acquisition : a method for valuing flexibility under uncertainty". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/11049.
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The United States Navy is facing a need for a novel surface combatant capability. This new system of ships must be deigned to meet the uncertainty associated with constantly changing required mission capabilities, threats, and technological advances. Flexibility in design and management will enable these systems to maximize their performance under changing conditions. Real options involve the 'right but not the obligation' to take a course of action. Real options embody the flexibility that allows projects to be continually reshaped, as uncertainty becomes resolved. This thesis seeks to identify and analyze the real options available for the design and acquisition of naval ships. This thesis also seeks to determine the value of these options and determine the best types and amount of flexibility to design into naval systems in order to maximize the value of the system over time under uncertain conditions.
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Blanton, Paul 1968. "The distribution and impact of roads and railroads on the river landscapes of the coterminous United States". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11186.
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xvi, 150 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.Floodplain roads and railroads are common features in river landscapes, but their distribution and impacts have not been explicitly studied. This dissertation discusses the impacts of floodplain roads and railroads on channel and floodplain processes in river landscapes at the continental, regional, and local scales. At the continental scale, I documented the spatial patterns of roads and railroads in the floodplains of the continental United States and the regional variability of their potential impacts. Based on these results, I developed a conceptual model based on topography and the interaction of transportation and stream networks that suggests that the area of lateral disconnection caused by transportation infrastructure should be most extensive in mid-sized alluvial valleys in relatively rugged settings, such as those located in the western United States. I used pre-existing digital geologic, hydrologic, and transportation data with Geographic Information Systems software to map floodplain areas and lateral disconnection along the floodplains of two river systems in Washington State. I developed methods to quickly and inexpensively delineate potential or historic floodplain surfaces, to analyze lateral floodplain disconnection caused by different types of structure, and to rank floodplain reaches in terms of salmon habitat potential. Although all floodplains exhibited disconnection, the floodplain maps and habitat rankings helped identify opportunities for habitat preservation and restoration. At the local scale, I mapped and measured the impacts of lateral disconnection, showing that channel and riparian habitat was degraded in locations with floodplain transportation infrastructure confining the channel compared with similar nearby sites lacking such confinement. Railroad grades and road beds function as confining structures in the riparian zone, disrupting flood pulses and the exchange of water, sediment, and biota between channels and their floodplains and within the floodplain. Over longer time periods, these structures can also impede the natural meandering and migration of channels across their floodplains, disrupting the erosional and depositional processes that drive the high habitat and biological diversity characteristic of floodplains. My results show that human-caused disconnections need to be further incorporated into river science and management. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material.
Committee in charge: W. Andrew Marcus, Chairperson, Geography; Daniel Gavin, Member, Geography; Patricia McDowell, Member, Geography; Joshua Roering, Outside Member, Geological Sciences
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Slider, Chad W. "Window making in America : a study of craftsmen, sawmills, glassworks, and hardware from Jamestown to the Civil War". Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1366296.
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Windows are a significant feature of building construction that have largely escaped notice in terms of their design and fabrication in America from the time of European colonization to the mid-nineteenth century. This thesis tells the story of the glass, woodworking, and hardware technologies that transformed windows from hand-crafted to mass-produced building components. It also explores the stylistic, social, and economic factors that underlie the development and usage of windows in America.Department of Architecture
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Staehli, Alfred M. "They sure don't build them like they used to : Federal Housing Administration insured builders' houses in the Pacific Northwest from 1934 to 1954". PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3799.
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There is a clear change in the architectural qualities of builder's houses constructed before World War II and in the postwar years. The primary evidence is in the houses themselves and their architectural qualities. This study focuses on the first 20 years of Federal Housing Administration insured mortgage builders' houses constructed in the Pacific Northwest region, although expanded with some examples from across the nation to illustrate the general application of the thesis and that this was not a regional phenomenon.
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Brosz, Jennifer R. "History and architecture of drive-in restaurants in America with a Muncie, Indiana case study". Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1355262.
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This thesis contains the results of a study of the architecture and history of drive-in restaurants from their genesis in the late 1920s to their decline in popularity during the 1960s. The study provides a context within which the historic, cultural and architectural significance of this building type can be evaluated. A Muncie, Indiana case study follows the study of the national context. Conclusions are reached concerning how the designs of drive-in restaurants in the Muncie study area compare to national design trends. It provides a framework for further research of the building type.Of the major drive-in restaurant styles, types or forms that were typical on the national scene, the Muncie study area demonstrated only the roadside stand-type, Modern style, and rectangular form. Independent of style or type, Muncie drive-ins demonstrated various interpretations of elements that were common nationally: the sheltering canopy, the pylon, lighting, electronic speaker systems for ordering, and plate glass. It is possible, though, that the Muncie study area contained other restaurants that exhibited national design trends but were demolished and left no record.Department of Architecture
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Seidenberg, Philip Nelson. "Optoelectronic device technology policy in the US and Japan". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29373.
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Rector, Matthew D. "The early development, design, and construction of the Marion Branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers". Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1231398.
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This study has presented a history of the early development, design, and construction of the Marion, Indiana Branch of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. A general history of the institution of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers provides the context for the establishment of the Marion Home. A historical review of the selection of the Marion site, its layout plan, design and construction of buildings, and landscape design between 1888 and 1900 was then provided. The development of the Marion Home is next compared with the 1890's developmental history of the Central Branch in Dayton, Ohio and the first ten years of the Danville, Illinois Branch in order to assess commonalities and differences in construction among three homes during the same period. In the conclusion, the evidence suggests that the layout and architectural design of three homes had many similarities during the 1890s and the turn of twentieth century.Department of Architecture
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Houston, James G. "The Impact of Physical Environment on the Social Climate of Two Jails". PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1139.
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In recent years there has been a strong movement to replace outdated and inadequate jails throughout the United States. According to the National Sheriff's Association 15.9% of all jails have been under a court order to improve services or conditions at one time or another. In addition, 960 jails of the 3,493 existing jails in the United States were built prior to 1950. This need for new construction or renovation has given birth to a new area of expertise among architects and contractors--jail design and construction. While design and construction techniques have improved, little is known of the effects of physical environment on the social climate of a jail. This research seized upon a natural experiment in which an old, antiquated jail (Rocky Butte Jail) was replaced by a new, ultra-modern 470 bed high-rise jail (Multnomah County Detention Center). The question of what kind of physical environment change affects the social climate of a jail has broad implications with regard to design and construction of jails and other secure facilities. If the answer to this question can be determined, then it may be possible to provide improved service delivery in local jails, increase staff satisfaction with the work environment of jails, and improve mental and emotional health of jail staff and inmates; all of which can be translated into savings to the taxpayer. This study is a pre- and post-event research investigation that used the Rocky Butte Jail and the Multnomah County Detention Center as the setting for this inquiry. The Sonoma County (California) and Salt Lake County (Utah) jails served as control jails. The Correctional Institution Environmental Scale was administered to 877 inmates and staff in the four jails in 1983 and 1984. While the evidence is somewhat inconclusive, the Analysis of Covariance suggests that the inmates and staff as a group believe that there is a positive social climate in the Multnomah County Detention Center. This is expressed in terms of perceived support from fellow inmates and fellow officers and that the jail is orderly and well managed. In addition, inmates and staff as separate groups and in toto have a clear perception of what is expected of them. More important, perhaps, is the indication that well written and clear Policies and Procedures contribute greatly to the orderly management of an institution of this size. Finally, the data leads one to the conclusion that it may never be possible to gain a complete grasp of social climate in an institution of this nature. In general, this research provides a contribution to the literature and to future discussions of jail construction and design.
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Cai, Hui. "Making “invisible architecture” visible: a comparative study of nursing unit typologies in the United States and China". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48972.
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China is engaged in the largest healthcare construction program in history, expecting to build more than 2,000 hospitals and a large number of healthcare facilities at all scale over the next few years. This once-in-a-lifetime construction boom provides a valuable opportunity to rethink Chinese hospital design, and especially to consider how to design modern hospitals that are effective and efficient in delivering care, and are responsive to the cultural needs of the Chinese people as well. This dissertation seeks to rigorously define these issues and develop metrics that link design to key healthcare processes. This study uses a range of concepts and analysis tools drawn from cross-culture organizational communications, evidence-based design, space syntax and other research traditions. This thesis develops and refines metrics for four main drivers of nursing unit design: space economy, staff efficiency, natural light and cultural preferences for communication. Communication among Chinese healthcare workers is strongly influenced by cultural preferences for patterns of authority and decision-making reflected in organizational culture and rooted in Confucian principles of hierarchical social structure (Dengji), social network (Guanxi) and face (Mianzi). While the dissertation builds on a longstanding tradition of research focusing on healthcare space economy and staff efficiency, new measures for cultural preferences are proposed and tested. Based on emerging theories of cross-cultural organizational communication by Hofstede and other scholars, and space syntax, this study particularly explores how cultural preferences for face-to-face communication are reflected in the design of Chinese nursing units. Based on the proposed metrics, the dissertation analyzes six pairs of Chinese and US nursing units, matched on layout type. While the Chinese nursing units appear Western, deeper quantitative analysis of their layouts reveals significant national differences in the application of unit typologies in China when compared to those in the U.S. It shows that Chinese hospital design is rooted in cultural preferences such as for positive energy (qi) based on Fengshui theory, and in Confucian principles of hierarchy, social networking and face.
15
Dikmen, Iskender. "Border monitoring based on a novel PIR detection model". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FDikmen.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science and M.S. in Information Technology Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Geoffrey Xie "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-50). Also available online.
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Lowe, Steven Michael. "Participatory design for battlefield park development and process comparison". Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06112009-063257/.
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Kohrman, David G. "E.M. Statler and the Statler hotel chain". Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1348352.
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E.M. Statler was a revolutionary figure in the hotel industry. Between 1907 and 1927 the hotel empire that he built would set the model for both the business plan and architecture of many hotels that followed. Statler was the first to build his hotels around the idea of efficiency and economy. He was the first to provide private baths to every guestroom, no matter how small. He built his hotels with similar styles, allowing for mass purchasing of furnishings and a signature look.This thesis is a study of E.M. Statler, his ideas, the development of his hotels, and the architecture of those hotels. Although Statler's hotels would share many similarities based on his core beliefs on service, each one would be an improvement on the previous. Statler was constantly fine-tuning, and each hotel was the prototype for its successor. Through the study of their development, services, form, and layout, this thesis documents the evolution of Statler's ideas.Department of Architecture
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Peltz, Claudia. "Facility design & planning to improve nurses' effectiveness in administering care to fulltime residents of nursing homes". Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/436.
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Joseph, Anjali. "Where older people walk assessing the relationship between physical environmental factors and walking behavior of older adults /". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072006-103929/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.Zimring, Craig, Committee Chair ; Kohl, Harold W., Committee Member ; Bafna, Sonit, Committee Member ; Sparling, Phillip, Committee Member ; Day, Kristen, Committee Member.
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Spittka, Berndt F. (Berndt Friedrich) 1980. "Analysis of headless shear stud connections". Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74404.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-117)
Highway bridges are exposed to numerous elemental and loading issues that are extremely difficult for a designer to anticipate and account for during design. The current state of practice is to design a bridge deck for a certain life span and then turn the bridge over to maintenance personnel who attempt to prolong the life of the deck through a variety of repair and rehabilitation measures. These repair measures are rarely, if ever, considered during the design process of the bridge deck. Numerous researchers have looked at making bridges, specifically decks, more repairable. The majority of these research efforts have focused on the bridge deck system as a whole. Other researchers have looked at individual elements of the bridge deck to girder connection to see if the required strength could be achieved while making the connections easier to take apart. One of the main components in the bridge deck to girder system is the steel shear stud connection, which is used to create composite action between the deck and the girder. Numerous researchers have studied this connection from a strength perspective, and the strength equations for the shear connection have been codified. Shear connections using headless studs have been researched as well, but always as a part of a larger deck to girder connection system. The headless stud has never been researched to see how it responds to a shear loading. This study looks at headless studs with varying levels of debonding along the stud shaft to analyze the impact on the load resistance that the levels of debonding would have. Granular materials for the shear transfer of load are also looked at. The results show that, as expected, the headless, debonded shear studs can carry less load than a bonded stud, but the difference in load carrying capacity is within the suggested over-estimation range of the codes that other researchers have suggested. These results suggest that the use of headless, debonded shear studs in a deck to girder connection is a feasible way to make that connection more repairable.
Funded by the U.S. Dept. of the Army.
by Berndt F. Spittka
S.M.
21
Risen, Jeremy D. "Indianapolis department store architecture : the national and local development of the department store building type". Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1178347.
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The department store retailing concept grew out of the nineteenth century dry goods retail trade. Dry goods stores were usually housed in a group of nineteenth century commercial buildings. As the United States became more prosperous during the late nineteenth century, dry goods establishments outgrew their buildings and developed a new department store building type. The "second generation" store design was generally tripartite: large ground floor display windows, intermediate stories with regular banks of windows, and decorative upper one or two stories capped with an elaborate cornice. These flagship buildings were expanded and remodeled until the 1950s, when the focus of department store retailing shifted to the suburban branch stores. The branch stores anchored shopping centers in the 1950s and 1960s and enclosed shopping malls thereafter.Department of Architecture
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Stultz, Henry Eugene. "An analysis of the Federal and California False Claims Acts and the implications for the California Department of Transportation". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2562.
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The construction of state highway projects is bid out each year at approximately three billion dollars. Claims from contractors for additional compensation are common. This paper investigates the policies and procedures for handling claims and explores the False Claims Act case law and its implications for the Department of Transportation's contract administration.
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Marsh, Glenn Edward. "Examination of Process Implementation of Evidence-based Design Initiatives on United States Army Medical Construction". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-7901.
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The objective of this research is to review the degree of United States Army
compliance in the implementation of evidence-based design practices within the Military
Health System construction cycle. This research looks at the impact of the 2007
Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs memorandum directing the use of
evidence-based design within the Military Healthcare System construction process. The
memorandum impacted the military medical construction process that includes over 6.2
billion dollars in government programmed military medical construction covering 9.2
million beneficiaries.
An analysis of federal construction documents, interviews, and an online survey
was conducted with 85 government and civilian healthcare facility planners to measure
general evidence-based design knowledge, direct knowledge of medical construction
policy requirements, and the level to which the Military Health System Evidence-based
Design Principles matrix has been implemented within four selected military medical
construction projects.
Results of the review of construction publications show minimal evidence of
evidence-based design incorporation with key federal regulatory documents. The results
of an online survey conducted during the research had a 65.8% response rate (39
government personnel, 17 civilian personnel). The survey showed that basic knowledge
of evidence-based design was present, but revealed severe deficiencies in specific
knowledge and application of construction policies. Review of selected medical facilities
demonstrated non-standardized incorporation of evidence-based design features.
This research concludes that evidence-based design has achieved minimal integration
into the Military Health System general knowledge base and project execution.
Achieving compliance with the 2007 directive memorandum requires that significant
efforts be made in personnel training and reconciliation with federal military medical
construction documents.
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Niedbala, Steven Alexander. "Techniques of Carceral Reproduction: Architecture and the Prison System in the United States, 1799-1978". Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-3zxg-jc66.
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This dissertation describes the role of architects in the development of the prison system in the United States. In the late eighteenth century, penologists sought to standardize conditions in penal institutions and to develop reliable methods for the social conditioning of inmates. Architects designed prisons that embodied the standards of penal theory, arguing that the form of an institution could serve as a powerful means of assuring that prison routine adhered to the dictates of modern penology. While early prison architects focused upon the development of a standard institutional type, the growth of the penal bureaucracy in the twentieth century forced them to develop a structural vocabulary commensurate with the scale of the modern prison system. They broke the prison down into a series of flexible components, each of which could function effectively in diverse institutional contexts. As criminologists sought to address the ostensible urban crisis in the 1960s, moreover, architects envisioned the extension of the new carceral infrastructure to the city.
These techniques served the standardization of the prison system in the twentieth century. Like the early prison architects, modern designers sought to make each element of their structural vocabulary determinative of the activities of inmates and guards in penal institutions. By freeing these elements from the compositional order of early penal institutions, moreover, architects facilitated the rapid expansion of the prison system and the extension of carceral space into new contexts. By the 1970s, the refinement of advanced techniques for the construction of prisons meant that architects no longer played a pivotal role in shaping the prison system. As legal policymakers abandoned rehabilitative penology and emphasized the punitive function of confinement, the techniques of efficient prison construction developed by architects served a massive institutional building campaign whose sole justification was the incapacitation and segregation of the inmate population.
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Grahn, Anya E. "The rise and fall of the tuberculosis sanitarium in response to the white plague". 2012. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1670048.
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American tuberculosis sanitarium architecture developed largely from trends set by European health spas and sanitarium design. The first American tuberculosis sanitariums largely resembled
European health spas and resorts and catered to rich clientele. The spread of the White Plague, however, urged American states to develop sanitarium institutions that could provide for all classes.
These first sanitariums melded nineteenth century resort architecture with radial prison designs and Kirkbride insane asylums to create large hospital complexes devoted exclusively to tuberculosis treatment and research. By the 1920s and 1930s, the European modernist movement had created modern tuberculosis sanitariums that inspired American sanitarium design. Despite the important role these institutions played in curing consumptives and limiting the spread of the White Plague, the increased use of drug therapy made sanitariums obsolete by the 1970s. Today, many of these sanitariums have been abandoned, demolished, or rehabilitated for new uses.History of the disease -- The European and American health spa movements -- The development of the European sanitarium movement -- The development of the American sanitarium movement -- The American sanitarium movement : borrowing from European modernist innovation.
Department of Architecture
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Heiser, James Allen. "The Grumman Corporation, the first twelve years: the rise of a naval aircraft manufacturer, 1930-1941". 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/22068.
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Brooks, Dorcas A. "Situated Architecture in the Digital Age: Adaptation of a Textile Mill in Holyoke, Massachusetts". 2011. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/575.
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The City of Holyoke, Massachusetts is one of many aging, industrial cities striving to revitalize its economy based on the promise of increased digital connectivity and clean energy resources. But how do you renovate 19th century mills to meet the demands of the information age? This architectural study explores the potential impact of sensing technologies and information networks on the definition and function of buildings in the 21st century. It explores the changes that have taken place in industrial architecture since 1850 and argues for an architecture that supports local relationships and environmental awareness. The author explores the industrial history of Holyoke, appraises emerging uses of sensing technologies and presents a thorough narrative of her site analysis and conceptual design of a digital fabrication and incubation center within an existing textile mill.