Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Dumping (International trade)

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Dumping (International trade)”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 27 lipca 2024

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Zobacz listy aktualnych artykułów, książek, rozpraw, streszczeń i innych źródeł naukowych na temat „Dumping (International trade)”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Dumping (International trade)"

Wisuttisak, Pornchai. "Australian Free Trade Agreement/Anti-dumping Clauses: Fair Trade or Anti-competitive Provision". Global Trade and Customs Journal 5, Issue 1 (1.01.2010): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2010003.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The anti-dumping clause on free trade agreement is originated as the remedy for protecting fair and competitive international trade. However, the clause can also be deviated to be the instrument of trade protection and the impediment of market competition. This article attempts to focus on the anti-dumping clause for Australian free trade agreement in this regard. It examines how anti-dumping may lead to anti-competitive behaviours, international cartels, and negative effect for consumer interests. It then discusses the conflict between the anti-dumping and competition law. The article proposes the possible solutions on short-and long-term basis to resolve the conflict

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Serences, Roman, i Dagmar Kozelova. "Dumping – Unfair Trade Practice". SHS Web of Conferences 92 (2021): 06033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219206033.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Research background:The Globalisation gradually has removed the protection that has existed to protect producers against unfair trade practices. Existence of imperfect competition within an international trade is presented by descending curve of average costs while increasing economies of scale; it often leads some producers not to adjust the price in relation to the marker. In this case, we speak about dumping.Purpose of the article:The article deals with dumping issue – an unfair trade practice analysing EU trade policy including antidumping, related Slovak legislation, price discrimination and dumping model.Methods:From a methodological point of view, the article is divided into four parts; description of trade policy, antidumping and its legislation, price discrimination and dumping model. Methods of synthesis, critical thinking and graphical analysis were used.Findings & Value added:In practice, accounting of different prices to the various consumers is called a price discrimination. The most common type of price discrimination in foreign trade is a dumping. It is a price practice when a company accounts lower price for exported goods compared to the same goods sale at home. World Trade Organization (WTO) allow counter such injury via trade defence instruments (TDIs). The EU TDIs are appropriate to tackle new challenges to international trade, because the Commission had done to modernise the EU’s basic Anti-Dumping (AD) Regulations.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Affandi, Imanudin. "Anti-Dumping Policy as An Effort To Maintain Indonesia's Economic Sovereignty". Law and Justice 8, nr 1 (7.06.2023): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/laj.v8i1.1791.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Anti-dumping is an effort to reduce the impact of losses due to dumping practices. In general, dumping practices are considered legal if they do not harm or damage the economy of the country that is the target market for the goods. Anti-dumping is also part of the trade defense mechanism, which is an international legal instrument provided by the World Trade Organization (WTO) to resolve dumping disputes and deal with losses arising from dumping practices in destination countries. The writing of this article uses the normative legal research method, which is research conducted by examining literature (secondary data). legal doctrine, legal theory and other literature to answer the legal issues being researched. This study intends to examine the regulations governing anti-dumping policies in Indonesia and how anti-dumping policies are carried out by the government as an effort and measure to safeguard Indonesia's economic sovereignty. The results of the research show that the regulations governing Anti-Dumping Policy in Indonesia are quite complete and practical. Likewise, the Anti-Dumping Policy carried out by the Government of Indonesia is in line with regulations in the field of international trade as ratified through Law no. 7 of 1994 concerning Ratification of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Laa Tansa Amalia, Rachel Luna Widyawati, Anintyas Kusuma i Amalia Nurwachidah Rosyadi. "Dumping Practices on Market Balance: A Review of Business Competition in E-Commerce". Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities 4, nr 3 (21.03.2024): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v4i3.330.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The practice of dumping is an increasing phenomenon in international trade. Dumping is a practice where exporters sell commodities on the international market at prices below fair value or lower than the price in the country of origin or the general price on the international market. This practice is considered unfair because it can damage the market and harm competitors in the importing country. The government can adopt policies and regulations that protect local producers from dumping practices. Industry players can work together to monitor and report suspicious dumping practices. International institutions such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) can play an important role in addressing dumping practices by providing an international legal framework that regulates this practice. This research uses a normative juridical approach with analysis of various relevant laws, regulations and policies. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a clearer understanding of the practice of dumping and the legal consequences it causes in the perspective of Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning Business Competition in Indonesia.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Akmaliya, Rifda Ayu, Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa i Sonny Zulhuda. "Anti-Dumping Committee’s Strategy to Confront Dumping Practices: Indonesian Law and International Law Perspective". Journal of Private and Commercial Law 7, nr 1 (31.07.2023): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jpcl.v7i1.44491.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study investigates the Indonesian Anti-Dumping Committee's role and legal efforts in addressing dumping practices within the context of Indonesia's membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and adherence to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Previous research has demonstrated the existence of dumping in imported polyester staple fiber products, leading to the committee's proposal of anti-dumping duties. The committee is responsible for receiving reports on alleged dumping and producing final reports. Despite these efforts, the study reveals an ongoing increase in dumping cases, causing significant social, psychological, and economic consequences for the country. The current institution dealing with dumping practices is considered inefficient and ineffective. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the issue, the research employs a sociolegal research method with a disciplinary approach, acknowledging that relying solely on normative law is insufficient to address dumping practices. In conclusion, this study aims to shed light on the Indonesian Anti-Dumping Committee's role and its legal framework in countering dumping practices. The rising dumping cases and the perceived inefficiency of the existing institution are worrisome. By utilizing a sociolegal research method with a disciplinary approach, the study strives to offer a holistic understanding and potentially contribute to more effective solutions in combating dumping practices.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Davis, Lucy. "Ten Years of Anti-dumping in the EU: Economic and Political Targeting". Global Trade and Customs Journal 4, Issue 7/8 (1.07.2009): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2009027.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Anti-dumping is at the heart of EU trade policy. Its use is justified on the grounds of eliminating injurious dumping by foreign firms and reestablishing conditions of ‘fair’ trade. Use of anti-dumping has been rising globally, generating concerns about the potential for protectionist abuse of this trade defence instrument (TDI). Most economists are of the opinion that anti-dumping has little to do with ‘unfair’ trade. In general, suspicions are high that domestic industries are turning to anti-dumping as a form of protectionism, and that the EU’s current anti-dumping laws support their efforts. This article takes an in-depth look at the past ten years of anti-dumping usage in the EU. The analysis draws on information from the 332 anti-dumping cases initiated between 1998 and 31 December 2008. Five empirical tendencies have been identified: (1) the main targets of investigations and measures are exporters in emerging markets, particularly in Asia – a growing source of global competition; (2) targeted products are concentrated in sectors where European comparative advantage is declining, that is, raw materials, industrial input goods, and textiles; (3) dumping margins reflect this pattern, being particularly high in the chemicals and steel sectors; (4) duty levels are significantly higher than bound tariffs, particularly in the higher end technology sector; (5) once an anti-dumping investigation has been initiated, definitive measures are the most likely outcome.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Zubkov, S. A., i G. N. Krainov. "STRUGGLE OF TRADE UNIONS AGAINST SOCIAL DUMPING". World of Transport and Transportation 15, nr 5 (28.10.2017): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30932/1992-3252-2017-15-5-20.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT In the context of modern globalization, transnational corporations (TNC) use social dumping in their practice, which is expressed in the export of low-quality economic resources, political ideas or sociocultural values for their own advantage to underdeveloped countries. The authors of the article, using examples from the activities of international transport unions, show their struggle against such dumping, in defense of the labor rights of wage workers, as well as attempts to establish mutually beneficial cooperation between trade unions, business and government. Keywords: globalization, transport trade unions, international transport workers’ federation (ITWF), social dumping, transnational corporations, trade union struggle strategy, labor rights of workers.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Fujiwara, Kenji. "A Dynamic Reciprocal Dumping Model of International Trade". Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics 16, nr 3 (grudzień 2009): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2009.9720842.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Prusa, Thomas J. "Anti-dumping: A Growing Problem in International Trade". World Economy 28, nr 5 (maj 2005): 683–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2005.00700.x.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Einhorn, Talia. "Reconciling Israeli Antidumping Law With WTO/GATT International Trade Law Rules". Israel Law Review 32, nr 1 (1998): 81–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015600.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Dumping is defined, basically, as the sale of goods to an export market at a price below that charged for comparable goods in the exporter's home market. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) does not forbid such action, not even when injurious to the competing domestic industry. However, it has taken the view that dumping constitutes an unfair trade practice. Under GATT, Article VI Contracting Parties (or Members, as they are now termed in the GATT 1994 Agreements) are authorized, as an exception to other GATT obligations, to unilaterally impose antidumping (hereinafter: AD) duties to counteract the effects of dumping. The duties should create a level playing field in which producers all over the world will be able to compete fairly with each other. The principles sound simple and straightforward, yet their application is one of the most contentious topics in international trade law.The economic coherence of AD rules is controversial. In international trade, price discrimination between national markets is typically made possible when the exporter has a powerful position in the home market and re-exportation to that market is not feasible. In the domestic arena price discrimination is countered by the laws of competition and antitrust. International trade law offers states a very different remedy, that first and foremost protects the competing local industry, regardless of the procompetitive or anticompetitive effects of dumping on the market as a whole.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Więcej źródeł

Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Dumping (International trade)"

Zvidza, Tinevimbo. "Dumping, antidumping and the future prospects for fair international trade". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/100.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

More than a century has passed since Canada adopted the first antidumping law in 1904. Similar legislation in most of the major trading nations followed the Canadian legislation prior to and after the World War II. Antidumping provisions were later integrated into the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) after the said war. Today, nearly all developed and developing countries have this type of legislation in place within their municipal legal framework. The subject of antidumping has received growing attention in international trade policy and has become a source of tension between trading nations. This is evident in the substantial increase of antidumping actions since the establishment of the WTO. Antidumping policy has emerged as a significant trade barrier because of its misuse by both developed and developing countries. The primary instruments governing antidumping actions are GATT Article VI and the Antidumping Agreement (ADA). The ADA contains both the substantive and procedural rules governing the interpretation and application of the instrument. Its purpose is to ensure that the instrument is used only as a contingency measure judged upon merit and not as a disguised protectionist device. Given the growing number of countries participating more actively in the world trading system and the notorious misuse of antidumping provisions, there is a vital need to critically analyse the key provisions of the said instruments. This study is an attempt at that academic enterprise. It concludes by giving proposals for future reform of both real and potential future reform of the current WTO antidumping regime. Dumping, antidumping, antidumping regulation, antidumping duties, like products, dumping margin, zeroing, facts available, protectionism, ADA.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Geng, Su N. "Anti-dumping practices and China". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335354.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Kang, Jong Woo. "Three essays on international trade /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7416.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Zhang, Yan, i 张燕. "Two essays on antidumping investigations". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206436.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This thesis consists of two studies on the impacts of U.S. antidumping investigations on Chinese exporters. In the first essay, using monthly transaction data covering all Chinese exporters over the period 2000-2006, we investigate how Chinese exporters respond to U.S. antidumping investigations. We find that antidumping investigations cause a substantial decrease in the total export volume at the HS-6 digit product level, and that this trade-dampening effect is due to a significant decrease in the number of exporters yet a modest decrease in the export volume per surviving exporter. We also find that the bulk of the decrease in the number of exporters is exerted by less productive exporters, by direct exporters as opposed to trade intermediaries, and by single-product direct exporters as opposed to their multi-product counterparts. Combined with the existing studies on the impacts of antidumping investigations on protected firms, our study helps piece together a complete picture of the impact of antidumping investigations. In the second study of this thesis, using the same China Customs Data, we empirically investigate the effects of U.S. antidumping measures on the export product scope and product mix of Chinese multi-product direct exporters. We find that exporters experiencing antidumping measures would reduce their overall export product scope. Specifically, the affected exporters drop many of the pre-existing export products from their unaffected HS-2 industries, and diversify some new products into its downstream industries of the affected HS-2 industry. The overall export value of the new product mix does not change.
published_or_final_version
Business
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Lucenti, Krista. "Essays on international trade : antidumping, competition and trade facilitation /". Berlin : Dissertation.de, 2008. http://www.dissertation.de/buch.php3?buch=5632.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Allen, Sara-Ruth. "International trade rules: a case of imperialism at work?" University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

This study explored whether there is an inherent inequitable nature of the liberalization process with respect to the World Trade Organization Agreements, namely TRIMs (Trade-related Investment Measures), TRIPS (Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) and the Agreement on Agriculture.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Perone, Francesco. "Settlement of anti-dumping cases by price undertaking : the European Community and United States practice". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23963.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

The GATT Anti-Dumping Code provides that anti-dumping proceedings may be concluded without the imposition of duties if the exporters of the dumped product offer undertakings which the authorities of the importing country consider acceptable. Undertakings are, in essence, formal commitments by exporters under anti-dumping investigation to abstain from dumping or to ensure that their exports will not injure the domestic producers of the product concerned. In accordance with the GATT rules, he anti-dumping laws of the European Community and the United States contain provisions allowing the anti-dumping authorities to accept price undertakings. In practice, however, the use of undertakings in the two jurisdictions has been considerably different. This thesis analyzes and compares the law and practice of the European Community and the United States with regard to price undertakings.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Mohammed, Anass. "An assessment of Ghana's anti-dumping regime in line with the World Trade Organisation Anti-Dumping Agreement". University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6386.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Magister Legum - LLM (Mercantile and Labour Law)
The establishment of an anti-dumping regime has become commonplace for many a government that seeks to protect and promote its local industries. One reason which appears to be dominant by its proponents is the need to curb predatory pricing. Another reason given by the proponents of anti-dumping is the need to maintain a level playing field for players in any particular industry. With these reasons and probably many others, anti-dumping legislation began to find its way into present-day trade. Canada, with its anti-dumping statute of 1904 [An Act to Amend the Customs Tariff 1897, 4 Edw VIII, 1 Canada Statutes 111 (1904)] is credited with the first modern anti-dumping legislation. New Zealand followed in 1905 with the Agricultural Implement Manufacture, Importation and Sale Act 1905, which was primarily meant to protect New Zealand's manufacturers of agricultural implements. The Industries Preservation Act 1906 which Australia enacted was to deal with market monopoly by manufacturers but it also contained provisions on anti-dumping. The first decade of the 20th century will thus qualify to be called the introductory decade of anti-dumping legislation.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Caliani, Giulio. "Efeitos das ações anti-dumping do Brasil sobre suas importações: uma análise atualizada". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96131/tde-22082018-085016/.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil tornou-se um dos maiores peticionários de ações anti-dumping, medidas de defesa comercial que têm por objetivo evitar a discriminação internacional de preços que caracteriza a prática de dumping. Este trabalho avalia os efeitos das ações anti-dumping do país sobre os fluxos de importação originários dos países sujeitos e não sujeitos às suas investigações. Os resultados sugerem que as ações anti-dumping reduziram as importações provenientes dos países investigados (destruição de comércio), mas elevaram as importações provenientes dos países não investigados (desvio de comércio). Contudo, uma análise baseada na decomposição da variável de estudo em unidades e valores unitários revela que o desvio de comércio foi na verdade resultado de uma elevação generalizada dos preços de importação. Portanto, as ações anti-dumping do Brasil demonstraram eficácia tanto em restringir as importações acusadas de dumping quanto em proteger a indústria doméstica.
In the last years, Brazil has become one of the heaviest petitioners of anti-dumping actions, trade defense measures with the objective of avoiding international price discrimination that characterize dumping practice. We evaluate the effects of the country\'s anti-dumping actions on the import flows from countries that were subject to and not subject to investigations. Our findings suggest that anti-dumping duties decreased imports of targeted countries (trade destruction) but increased imports of the non-targeted countries (trade diversion). Yet, an analysis based on the main variable decomposition in units and unit values reveals that trade diversion was actually a result of an overall rise on import prices. Therefore, Brazil\'s anti-dumping actions revealed to be effective both in restricting dumped imports and in protecting the domestic industry.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Zhu, Feng 1979. "Anti-dumping laws under the WTO : a comparative study with emphasis on China's legislation". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82677.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Although the WTO anti-dumping rules have been created to reconcile and monitor domestic anti-dumping measures, different jurisdictions still have tremendous variations in their domestic anti-dumping legislation and interpretations. Such differences may suggest opportunities for further innovations, especially for countries where the anti-dumping legislation is under-developed, such as China. Through a comparative study of the domestic anti-dumping legislation among the United States, the European Community, and China, problems and opportunities for the innovation of China's anti-dumping law will be found.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Więcej źródeł

Książki na temat "Dumping (International trade)"

Bagchi, J. K. Dumping and anti-dumping measures: Policy and practice. New Delhi: Research and Information System for the Non-aligned and Other Developing Countries, 1999.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Jacob, Viner. Dumping: A problem in international trade. Fairfield, NJ: A.M. Kelley, 1990.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Clarida, Richard H. Entry, dumping, and shakeout. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

R, Nelson Douglas, i Vandenbussche Hylke, red. The WTO and anti-dumping. Northhampton, MA: Edward Elgar Pub., 2006.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Guide to international anti-dumping practice. Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2013.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Vance, Mary A. Dumping (Commercial policy): A bibliography. Monticello, Ill., USA: Vance Bibliographies, 1989.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Avendaño, Juan Antonio Alvarez. Dumping y competencia desleal internacional. Santiago: Editorial Juridica de Chile, 1995.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Czako, Judith. A handbook on anti-dumping investigations. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Hoekman, Bernard. Antitrust-based remedies and dumping in international trade. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research, 1994.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Jones, Vivian Catherine. Trade remedies. Redaktorzy Pregelj Vladimir N, Tippton Alan B i Roylton Charles M. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Więcej źródeł

Części książek na temat "Dumping (International trade)"

Tivig, Thusnelda. "Dumping and Predatory Pricing in an International Duopoly". W Trade, Growth, and Economic Policy in Open Economies, 83–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-00423-4_7.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

van Kooten, G. Cornelis, Harry Nelson i Fatemeh Mokhtarzadeh. "Canada-U.S. softwood lumber dispute: background." W International trade in forest products: lumber trade disputes, models and examples, 10–26. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248234.0010.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract In this chapter, we examine the importance of softwood lumber production to Canada's economy and provide a brief history of the Canada-U.S. softwood lumber dispute and its resolution on various occasions using U.S. countervailing and anti-dumping duties, export taxes or various types of quota regimes, including tariff rate quotas. The construction of excess supply and demand functions is explained, as are the gains from trade. This helps inform the modeling approaches that are identified in later chapters.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Li, Xin-tong, Fatemeh Mokhtarzadeh i G. Cornelisvan Kooten. "Softwood lumber trade and trade restrictions: gravity model." W International trade in forest products: lumber trade disputes, models and examples, 142–73. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248234.0142.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract A gravity trade model can be used to determine the effects of policy on bilateral trade flows. The gravity model is initially explained and then used to determine the effect that U.S. tariffs have on softwood lumber (SWL) imports from Canada, using information from the 2006 Softwood Lumber Agreement. Quarterly data for seven Canadian and three U.S. regions for the period 2007-2017 are used to estimate a gravity model of SWL trade. The model is subsequently expanded to include Japan and China as separate regions, and then as a combined China-Japan region. The model is estimated using OLS and a Poisson Pseudo-Maximum-Likelihood method for trade quantity and value. Findings indicate that: (1) the imposition of a countervailing and/or anti-dumping duty usually has a negative effect on Canada's physical exports, but not in all cases; (2) the value of softwood lumber trade decreases by 26% on average under a tax/tariff compared with no duties; (3) the tax/tariff has a smaller but still significant impact on Canadian exports when China and Japan are included, as SWL exports are diverted from the U.S.; and, not surprisingly, (4) duties affect the value of lumber exports to a much greater extent than quantity.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Rivera-Batiz, Luis A., i Maria-A. Oliva. "Dumping, Market Access, and Sanctions". W International Trade, 452–92. Oxford University PressOxford, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198297116.003.0014.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Exporters incur in dumping when they charge unfair or abnormally low prices abroad. Antidumping laws seek to eliminate these practices. If the targeted firms fail to increase prices or to reduce sales, the imposition of antidumping duties corrects the price distortion. Antidumping activity, the most important form of contingent protection and a major source of trade friction, proliferated in the 1980s and 1990s. The number of antidumping petitions filed by General Agreement Tariffs and Trade (GATT) members surged from about 100 cases in the 1960s to about 1600 in the 1980s and over 2200 in the 1990s. The proliferation of antidumping investigations stems from their use as a protectionist tool in a world where traditional protection instruments have lost their force because tariff barriers are relatively low and quotas are on their way out. In contrast with traditional forms of protection, antidumping duties are temporary measures, selective in terms of target, discretionary in application, based on administrative decisions rather than legislation and are not transparent. These features also characterize other forms of contingent protection. These include countervailing duties intending to counter foreign subsidies and escape clauses allowing the imposition of temporary duties to protect domestic firms from fair but still disrupting market penetration by foreign firms.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Lowenfeld, Andreas F. "Dumping and Anti-Dumping". W International Economic Law, 262–317. Oxford University PressOxford, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199226931.003.0010.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Abstract Dumping as a technical term in the law of international trade is quite different from the lay person ‘s understanding of the term. The popular definition of dumping embraces any sales by a producer or merchant at low prices to dispose of surplus—if possible after costs of production of the entire line have been recovered. In the language and law of international trade, the de5nition of dumping is more limited and technical. Article VI of the GATT, modelled roughly but not precisely on the United States Anti Dumping Act of 1921, defines dumping as an export of a product by a producer or seller in Patria to importers in Xandia‘at less than its normal value ‘, i.e. at less than the price at which the product in question is sold when destined for consumption in Patria. If there are no such sales, that is if a comparable domestic price in Patria cannot be established, normal value is to be determined by reference to the highest price in sales to a third country, or by reference to cost of production in Patria plus a reason able addition for selling cost and profit.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Rauscher, Michael. "On Ecological Dumping". W International Trade and the Environment, 107–26. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315201986-8.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

"The Mystery of "Dumping"". W International Trade (Routledge Revivals), 135–59. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203075043-16.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

"Unfair Trading Practices: Dumping and Subsidies". W International Trade Policy, 89–135. Routledge, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203027882-9.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Dumping (International trade)"

Göktepe, Hülya. "Unfair Competition in Imports and Anti-damping Practices in Turkey". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01219.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Unfair competition in imports is done by dumping or subsidy. According to the Turkish legislation dumping; export price of a product to Turkey being less than the normal value for the like product, subsidy; a direct or indirect financial contribution by the country of origin or export, which confers a benefit or any form of income or price support within the meaning of Article XVI of GATT 1994. In the case of unfair competition in imports, General Directorate of Imports applies trade defence instruments (antidumping, antisubsidy, safeguard measures) in compliance with WTO rules and national legislation, and follows up the enforcement of those measures. The purpose in this study is to contribute to Turkish literature related to damping and subsidy. In this study, national and international regulation on antidumping will be given. It will be explained antidumping practices in Turkey. Dumping investigations will be presented. The data from Ministry of Economy and foreign trade data will be used. This study is a descriptive study.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Bo, Lin, i He Hai-yan. "Notice of Retraction: Discussion on China's anti-dumping system of services trade". W 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5884471.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Boharu (Mircea), Raluca Mihaela, i Andreea Cristina Savu. "The Need for European Norms and Measures to Prevent Social Dumping". W 3rd International Conference Global Ethics -Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). Lumen Publishing House, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2022/14.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Combating the phenomenon of social dumping is a permanent concern of the European Union in the context of the creation of the internal market. Has the risk of social dumping become a permanent problem within the European Union meant that the European legislator has provided answers to the question: has European legislation taken sufficient, effective, and concrete measures to enable the European legal mechanism to combat this phenomenon? The article aims to analyze how the European space integrates into the global economic environment. The secondary purpose is also to identify how it can protect itself from the risk of social competition posed by trade with the rest of the world. Social dumping is the result of differences in the levels of development of the Member States of the European Union. In addition, the social variable would not have been as important if the working conditions in those countries had been the same. Given that the notion of social dumping has received many interpretations over time, currently, the notion does not have a clear definition, namely that of economic dumping, we can say that based on exploring the literature the term social dumping is viewed through a paradox. To explain this paradox, we can start from the finding that a state even if it has a lower level of social protection does not necessarily mean that it can develop the risk of social dumping.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Ye, Han, i La-fang Wang. "Construction and application of anti-dumping early-warning system: Case study on Sino-US steel trade". W 2012 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering (ICMSE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmse.2012.6414285.

Pełny tekst źródła

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Dumping (International trade)"

Mackie, James. Promoting policy coherence: Lessons learned in EU development cooperation. European Centre for Development Policy Management, wrzesień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc005.

Pełny tekst źródła

Streszczenie:

Policy coherence for development, or PCD, refers to the need for multiple policies from different sectors to work in unison rather than in opposition to each other, if international development is to be achieved. In Europe, the argument for PCD was based on the recognition that EU efforts on development cooperation were often contradicted or undermined by other EU policies, both internal as much as external, to the extent that the EU was effectively taking back with one hand what it had given with the other. In some severe cases, the EU was even taking back more than it gave. Thus for instance, while on the one hand the EU was funding development projects to support agriculture production projects in Africa, on the other, its trade policies and domestic agriculture subsidy policies in Europe were encouraging the dumping of cheap subsidised food on African markets thereby undercutting local producers competing in the same markets. The impact of European development aid was therefore being negated by its trade and agriculture policies. This note first outlines how the concept of PCD developed in European development policy circles and what measures the EU and its member states took to promote policy coherence since it was first written into the EU Treaty in 1992. The practical experience gained over these nearly 30 years is of course of wider relevance in good policymaking and not just in development cooperation. This became particularly apparent with the agreement on the UN’s 2030 Agenda in 2015 that saw the introduction of the new concept of PCSD or policy coherence for sustainable development that recognised the wider relevance of policy coherence across the whole integrated policy package of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The note will also cover this latest, global chapter in the history of efforts to promote policy coherence and see how the EU has responded, notably with the Better Regulation package of the Juncker Commission and in the work on the Von der Leyen Commission Green Deal. The note will conclude with potential lessons on promoting policy coherence for EU policy-making for coping with the cascading effects of climate change.

Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!