Artykuły w czasopismach: „DUAL FREQUENCY ANGULAR RING MICROSTRIP ANTENNA”

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Muhamad Nadzir, Norsaidah, Mohamad Kamal A. Rahim, Noor Asniza Murad, Mohamed Himdi i Osman Ayop. "Circular Complementary Split Ring Resonator Rotation for Linear Array Millimeter Wave Microstrip Patch Antenna". ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 20, nr 3 (27.12.2021): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v20n3.343.

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This paper proposes multiple linear array millimeter wave MPAs that could operate at various frequencies depending on the angular rotation of the CSRR structure. The main contribution of this work is the range of frequencies of the linear array MPA found when the position of the CSRR structure is changed angularly. This is achieved by positioning the CSRR structure on the ground plane of the MPA and rotate it to an incremental of 22.5°. Computer Simulation Technology software is used to simulate the antenna designs. The performance of the antenna is evaluated against the single element millimeter wave MPA with similar angular rotation to the CSRR structure. The reflection coefficient graph shows at 0° rotation, the antenna has dual band performance at 26 GHz and 28 GHz. At 22.5° and 45° CSRR structure rotation, the antenna shows triple band performance with different operational frequencies and different polarization depending on the frequencies. Finally, at 67.5° CSRR structure rotation, the antenna now is operational only at 20 GHz frequency with horizontal polarization performance. Plus, the results between the single element MPA with circular CSSRR and the linear array MPA with circular CSRR shows similar behavior in which the rotation of the CSRR did not affect the antenna differently even with an increase of the number of elements. The millimeter wave MPA with CSRR angular rotation can be utilized in various applications as it covers multiple frequencies depending on the angle of rotation of the CSRR structure.

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Dahele, J., K. Lee i D. Wong. "Dual-frequency stacked annular-ring microstrip antenna". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 35, nr 11 (listopad 1987): 1281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.1987.1143997.

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Cheng, Yong, i Hui Liu. "A Novel Concentric Annular-Ring Slot Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (13.12.2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7560567.

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A simple structure concentric annular-ring slot dual-band circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna operating at ISM band (2.45 GHz) and 5G band (3.5 GHz) is proposed in this paper. The antenna achieves dual-band operation by digging two concentric annular-ring slots on the ground. And on the angular positions with 45 degrees inclined of each annular slot, two bent structures are loaded to generate circularly polarized radiation. The radiation of this antenna is bidirectional, and the directions of rotation are opposite. The measured results of the annular-ring slot microstrip antenna show good performance of dual-band circularly polarized characteristics.

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Row, J. S. "Dual-frequency circularly polarised annular-ring microstrip antenna". Electronics Letters 40, nr 3 (2004): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20040123.

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Shan, Zhiyong, i Mingrong Gao. "Dual-frequency Hexagonal Helical Microstrip Slot Antenna Loaded with Resonant Ring". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2290, nr 1 (1.06.2022): 012078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2290/1/012078.

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Abstract A hexagonal helical microstrip slot dual-frequency antenna loaded with resonant ring is presented in this letter. By loading the resonant ring and slot, the dual frequency of the antenna is realized and the antenna gain is improved. The best performance of the antenna is obtained by the optimization experiment. The simulation results show that when the reflection coefficient of the antenna is less than -10dB, the impedance bandwidth is 1.45GHz-1.78GHz and 2.39GHz-2.52GHz, the corresponding relative bandwidths are 20.4% and 5.3% respectively, and the maximum gain is 3.54dB. The antenna has better performance, it can be used in modern communication systems such as global positioning system (GPS), bluetooth, wireless local area network (WLAN) and WIFI.

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Singh, Ashish, Mohammad Aneesh i J. A. Ansari. "Analysis of Microstrip Line Fed Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications". Open Engineering 7, nr 1 (10.11.2017): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2017-0034.

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AbstractIn this paper, theoretical analysis of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator is presented. The proposed antenna shows that the dualband operation depends on gap between parasitic element, split-ring resonator, length and width of microstrip line. It is found that antenna resonates at two distinct resonating modes i.e., 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz for lower and upper resonance frequencies respectively. The antenna shows dual frequency nature with frequency ratio 2.0. The characteristics of microstrip line fed rectangular patch antenna loaded with parasitic element and split-ring resonator antenna is compared with other prototype microstrip line fed antennas. Further, the theoretical results are compared with simulated and reported experimental results, they are in close agreement.

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Liu, Ji-Chyun, Cheng Chung Chaw, Kang-Hsian Fann i Shuh Tai Lu. "Dual-frequency double-ring microstrip antenna with voltage/current couplings". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 21, nr 3 (5.05.1999): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990505)21:3<209::aid-mop15>3.0.co;2-o.

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Ahmed, Sadiq, i Madhukar Chandra. "Design of a dual linear polarization antenna using split ring resonators at X-band". Advances in Radio Science 15 (6.11.2017): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ars-15-259-2017.

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Abstract. Dual linear polarization microstrip antenna configurations are very suitable for high-performance satellites, wireless communication and radar applications. This paper presents a new method to improve the co-cross polarization discrimination (XPD) for dual linear polarized microstrip antennas at 10 GHz. For this, three various configurations of a dual linear polarization antenna utilizing metamaterial unit cells are shown. In the first layout, the microstrip patch antenna is loaded with two pairs of spiral ring resonators, in the second model, a split ring resonator is placed between two microstrip feed lines, and in the third design, a complementary split ring resonators are etched in the ground plane. This work has two primary goals: the first is related to the addition of metamaterial unit cells to the antenna structure which permits compensation for an asymmetric current distribution flow on the microstrip antenna and thus yields a symmetrical current distribution on it. This compensation leads to an important enhancement in the XPD in comparison to a conventional dual linear polarized microstrip patch antenna. The simulation reveals an improvement of 7.9, 8.8, and 4 dB in the E and H planes for the three designs, respectively, in the XPD as compared to the conventional dual linear polarized patch antenna. The second objective of this paper is to present the characteristics and performances of the designs of the spiral ring resonator (S-RR), split ring resonator (SRR), and complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) metamaterial unit cells. The simulations are evaluated using the commercial full-wave simulator, Ansoft High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).

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Bie, Shuhang, i Shi Pu. "Array Design of 300 GHz Dual-Band Microstrip Antenna Based on Dual-Surfaced Multiple Split-Ring Resonators". Sensors 21, nr 14 (19.07.2021): 4912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144912.

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To meet the increasing need of high-data-rate and broadband wireless communication systems, the devices and its circuits R&D under Millimeter, Sub-Millimeter, or even Terahertz (THz) frequency bands are attracting more and more attention from not only academic, but also industrial areas. Most of the former research on the THz waveband (0.1–10 THz) antenna design is mainly focused on realizing high directional gain, such as horn antennas, even though the coverage area is very limited when comparing with the current Wi-Fi system. One solution for the horizontally omnidirectional communication antenna is using the structure of multiple split-ring resonators (MSRRs). Aiming at this point, a novel 300 GHz microstrip antenna array based on the dual-surfaced multiple split-ring resonators (DSMSRRs) is proposed in this paper. By employing the two parallel microstrip transmission lines, different MSRRs are fed and connected on two surfaces of the PCB with a centrally symmetric way about them. The feeding port of the whole antenna is in between the centers of the two microstrip lines. Thus, this kind of structure is a so-called DSMSRR. Based on the different size of the MSRRs, different or multiple working wavebands can be achieved on the whole antenna. Firstly, in this paper, the quasi-static model is used to analyze the factors affecting the resonance frequency of MSRRs. Simulation and measured results demonstrate that the resonant frequency of the proposed array antenna is 300 GHz, which meets the design requirements of the expected frequency point and exhibits good radiation characteristics. Then, a dual-band antenna is designed on the above methods, and it is proved by simulation that the working frequency bands of the proposed dual-band antenna with reflection coefficient below −10 dB are 274.1–295.6 GHz and 306.3–313.4 GHz.

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Singh, Indrasen, Vijay Shanker Tripathi i Sudarshan Tiwari. "Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna Miniaturization Using Metamaterial". Journal of Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/928078.

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A dual-band microstrip patch antenna is designed and analyzed using metamaterial artificial substrate. Metamaterial based substrate is designed using Square Split Ring Resonator (SSRR) and Wire Strip. The antenna is tuned to work at two resonating frequencies in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 4 GHz depending on the geometric specifications of SSRR, strip line, radiating patch, and feed location point. Proposed antenna provides good return loss behavior at both resonating frequencies. The obtained VSWR at both resonating frequencies is very much near to 1. Proposed antenna covers applications in mobile communication and Wi-MAX. Proposed patch antenna is compared with the conventional patch antenna, which shows the significant miniaturization as compared to conventional patch antenna.

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Liu, Ying, Yuwen Hao, Yongtao Jia i Shu-Xi Gong. "A LOW RCS DUAL-FREQUENCY MICROSTRIP ANTENNA WITH COMPLEMENTARY SPLIT-RING RESONATORS". Progress In Electromagnetics Research 146 (2014): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier14031703.

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Bao, X. L., i M. J. Ammann. "Microstrip-fed dual-frequency annular-slot antenna loaded by split-ring-slot". IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 3, nr 5 (2009): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2008.0193.

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Kale, Ganesh M., Rekha P. Labade i Ramesh S. Pawase. "Open rectangular ring slot loaded rectangular microstrip antenna for dual frequency operation". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, nr 10 (29.07.2015): 2448–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.29351.

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Jan, Jen-Yea, i Kin-Lu Wong. "Single-feed dual-frequency circular microstrip antenna with an open-ring slot". Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 22, nr 3 (5.08.1999): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2760(19990805)22:3<157::aid-mop3>3.0.co;2-j.

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Patil, Shilpee, Anil Kumar Singh, Binod Kumar Kanaujia i R. L. Yadava. "A compact, dual wide-band circularly polarized, modified square ring slot antenna for C and Ku band applications". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, nr 2 (1.10.2018): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718001368.

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AbstractThis paper presents a compact microstrip antenna using FR-4 substrate for dual band circularly polarized operation using a modified square ring slot in the ground plane with microstrip line feed. Simulation of the impedance characteristic and radiation characteristic for the proposed antenna is carried out using commercially available HFSS software. The simulated data validate measured results and shows good agreement. Proposed antenna shows an impedance bandwidth (return loss >10 dB) of 50.88% at 5.9 GHz of center frequency and 29.92% at 12.8 GHz of center frequency for lower and upper band, respectively. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth for lower and upper band is 26.4 and 3.0%, respectively and measured peak gain for the lower and upper band is found as 3.2 and 3.4 dBic, respectively. The proposed antenna can be suitable for wireless communication in C and Ku bands.

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Han, C., C. Rodenbeck, J. Huang i K. Chang. "A C/Ka Dual Frequency Dual Layer Circularly Polarized Reflectarray Antenna With Microstrip Ring Elements". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 52, nr 11 (listopad 2004): 2871–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2004.835144.

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Yu, Yantao, Lijun Yi, Xiaoya Liu, Zhaokai Gu i Nadia Media Rizka. "Dual-Frequency Two-Element Antenna Array with Suppressed Mutual Coupling". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/912934.

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An efficient technique utilizing the defected ground structure (DGS) to suppress the mutual coupling effect of a dual-frequency microstrip antenna array is studied. The proposed dual-frequency DGS beneath two patches includes two circular split ring slots, each of which corresponds to one resonant frequency of the patches. The characteristic of the compact DGS is theoretically and experimentally investigated. The prototypes of the patches arrays with and without the proposed DGS are fabricated. Both the simulated and measured results show that the mutual coupling between array elements has been obviously reduced at the two operating frequency bands with the implementation of the proposed DGS structure.

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Hu, Xin, Yuanxin Li, Wenkuan Chen, Hong-Zhou Tan i Yunliang Long. "Novel Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antenna With Narrow Half-Ring and Half-Circular Patch". IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 12 (2013): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2012.2232271.

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Abdpour, S. S., N. Azadi-Tinat, H. Oraizi i J. Ghalibafan. "Design of WLAN/WiMAX band notch super-wideband microstrip fractal antennas". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, nr 08 (3.05.2019): 844–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078719000540.

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AbstractA super-wideband microstrip fractal antenna is designed with miniaturized dimensions of 21 mm × 23.5 mm × 1 mm and generation of dual rejection bands for WLAN/WiMAX systems has been achieved. The triangular fractal shape slots are placed inside a circular patch and the antenna is miniaturized by using a repetition frequency resonance technique. The proposed antenna frequency range 2.6–40 GHz operates for VSWR of less than 2. Two band rejections for the frequency ranges 5.1–5.8 GHz and 3.4–3.7 GHz are created by one enhanced slot at the feed line and one split-ring resonator at the back of antenna. HFSS 3D software was used for computer simulation. The proposed antenna is fabricated on the FR4 substrate with 1 mm thickness. The measurement data show good agreement with the simulation results.

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Kumar, V. Gajendra, K. Damodar, B. S. Ganesh, B. Aravind i V. Sasi Kiran. "Triple Band Mime Antenna for Modern Commercial Applications". International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science and Technology 10, nr 3 (26.05.2022): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/ijircst.2022.10.3.62.

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The article presents the analysis and design of MIMO monopoly Antenna along with split ring resonator to get frequency notch characteristic in the wide band. Frequency notch characteristics are achieved by keeping the split ring resonators on one side of the substrate and on the back of the substrate at deficient ground structure a complementary split Ring resonator with respect to microstrip feeding. Between 2.5-9.5GHz and 12.548-20GHz the dual notch band characteristics are acquired. The inspected conformal characteristics of the antenna hold eminent unceasing reflection coefficient characteristics at different angles in the overall band. Analyzed the unit cell of the SRR and also examined the antenna impedance and radiation characteristics of the model.

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RajeshKumar, Narayanasamy, Palani Sathya, Sharul Rahim i Akaa Eteng. "Reduced Cross-Polarization Patch Antenna with Optimized Impedance Matching Using a Complimentary Split Ring Resonator and Slots as Defected Ground Structure". Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 36, nr 6 (6.08.2021): 718–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.360613.

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An innovative method is proposed to improve the cross-polarization performance and impedance matching of a microstrip antenna by integrating a complimentary split ring resonator and slots as a defected ground structure. An equivalent circuit model (ECM) enables the design take into consideration the mutual coupling between the antenna patch and the Defected Ground Structure. The input impedance and surface current density analysis confirms that the integration of a CSRR within a rectangular microstrip patch antenna leads to uniform comparative cross-polarization level below 40 dB in the H-plane, over an angular range of ± 50°. Introducing parallel slots, as well, leads to a reduction of spurious antenna radiation, thereby improving the impedance matching. Measurements conducted on a fabricated prototype are consistent with simulation results. The proposed antenna has a peak gain of 4.16 dB at 2.6 GHz resonating frequency, and hence is good candidate for broadband service applications.

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Karimipour, Majid, i Iman Aryanian. "Design, fabrication, and test of a novel broadband dual-polarized microstrip antenna for WLAN applications". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, nr 3 (21.11.2018): 297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718001435.

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AbstractA dual-polarized dual-layer wideband microstrip antenna is presented. Dual orthogonal linear polarization and enhanced isolation between two ports are achieved by employing two radiating patches perpendicular to each other and printed on two separate substrates. Broadband behavior of the antenna is realized by using two wideband double-sided printed strip dipole and angular ring as radiating patches along with wideband baluns as feeding system. The patches are connected to baluns with two separate twin-lead transmission lines. Moreover, to improve the impedance bandwidth of the strip dipole significantly, a diamond-shape parasitic patch is artily incorporated into the top side of the upper layer of the antenna. The proposed antenna can easily be employed in large-scale arrays thanks to the feeding system of the patches. A prototype is fabricated to verify the simulation results where the measurement results show the −10 dB impedance bandwidths of 40% (4.3–6.5 GHz) and 43% (4.2–6.5 GHz) at port #1 and port #2, respectively. Besides, the isolation between two ports and the radiation gain are obtained around 35 dB and 9 dBi, respectively, which are useful for WLAN applications.

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Ennajih, Abdelhadi, Jamal Zbitou, Mohamed Latrach, Ahmed Errkik i Rachid Mandry. "A New Dual Band Printed Metamaterial Antenna for RFID Reader Applications". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, nr 6 (1.12.2017): 3507. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i6.pp3507-3514.

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In this paper, we present a new dual band metamaterial printed antenna for radio frequency identification applications. The proposed antenna consists of two L-shaped slot in the radiating element for dual band operation and a complementary split ring resonator etched from the ground plane for size miniaturization. This antenna is designed and optimized by CST microwave studio on FR-4 substrate with thickness of 1.6 mm, dielectric constant of 4.4 and tangent loss of 0.025. A microstrip line with characteristic impedance of 50 ohms is used to feed this antenna. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated to validate the simulation results. The measured and simulated results are in good agreement.

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Mikhailov, A. N. "DUAL-BAND ANTENNA ELEMENTS MUTUAL INFLUENCE REDUCTION DUE TO USE OF MULTI-ELEMENT TWISTREFLECTOR". Issues of radio electronics, nr 2 (20.02.2019): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2019-2-15-19.

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Technical solution that allows reduce mutual influence of «waveguide‑slot array antenna/twistreflector» system elements due to the use of a microstrip diffraction grating with rectangular elements as a twistreflector is given. The geometrical dimensions of the elements ae calculated in such a way that the diffraction grating converts a falling linearly polarized field into a field with orthogonal polarization at the working frequency band. Polarization characteristics angular dependence of twistreflector in EHF and radiation characteristics of waveguide‑slot array antenna multi‑element in SHF of investigated system was performed using FDTD method. The possibility of the system functioning in both working frequency range with an insignificant mutual influence is shown. The low level of mutual influence is explained by the significant difference in the resonant frequencies being combined.

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Bhaskar, Sambaldevi Chandra, Tejavathu Dheeraj Kumar, Boda Naveen i Pendli Pradeep. "Design of Sub-6 GHz Antenna using Negative Permittivity Metamaterial for 5G Applications". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 4 (30.04.2023): 3080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50875.

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Abstract: The objective of the presented article is to design a compact metamaterial-based dual-band antenna that meets the frequency requirement of 5G. The antenna consists of a Circular Split Ring Resonator structure with a defective ground plane and slots to enhance the bandwidth and gain parameters. Metamaterial-based Microstrip patch antenna produces unique electromagnetic properties that allow us to control over the antenna parameters with a compact size. FR-4 epoxy is used as a substrate its dielectric constant is 4.4 and its loss tangent is 0.02. Dimensions of the antenna are 20 x 12 x 1.6mm3 with a very compact size and cost-effective. The proposed metamaterial-based antenna resonates at dual bands at 3.24GHz and 5.46 GHz respectively. The peak gains at resonant frequencies 3.45GHz and 5.46 GHz are 0.9 dB and 2dB respectively. The proposed antenna shows S-parameters at S11, which is -12.13dB at frequency of 3.45 GHz and -15.165 at a frequency of 5.46 GHz. The proposed antenna can effectively work for WLAN and WiMAX applications. The antenna covers the frequency spectrum from 2 GHz to 8 GHz with a centre frequency of 5 GHz. The proposed antenna is cost-effective

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Garg, Manoj Kumar, i Jasmine Saini. "Dual Frequency Electronically Controlled Radiation Beam Reconfigurable slotted Antenna for Detection of a Stationary or Nonstationary Target". Defence Science Journal 70, nr 5 (8.10.2020): 486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.70.15155.

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A dual-frequency and radiation pattern reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for detecting a stationary as well as a non-stationary target is described. Six angular patches, that collectively form a circular shape, are used. All the six patches radiate one by one after a fixed interval of time and their feed controlling is done by six PIN diodes. The switching of PIN diodes is controlled by an embedded biasing network. This antenna provides radiation beam scanning characteristics. It gives the main lobe scanning at every 60o clockwise (or anticlockwise) continuously by applying a signal to patches one by one. The purpose of introducing the slot is to get the radiation pattern in the desired direction since by changing the length, width, and position of the slot, the direction of the radiation pattern can be controlled. The slotted antenna operates in a C band with two frequencies 4.21 GHz and 4.82 GHz and provides a radiation pattern, 90o apart from each other. The scanning rate of 0.6 deg/ms is obtained; however, the scanning rate can be changed with the help of ATMEGA 2560 microcontroller. This compact Microstrip patch antenna can be widely used for short-range applications i.e. ground surveillance radar, missile control, mobile battlefield surveillance for military and many other applications in a modern wireless communication system. The designed antenna along with the switching application will be able to track the stationary as well as a non-stationary target.

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Ambika, M. Mohamed Humaidh, S. Kowshic, S. Mohamed Afrath i M. Z. Abdul Rahman. "Dual band compact antenna design using DCSRR". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1225, nr 1 (1.02.2022): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1225/1/012032.

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Abstract Wireless communication technology has revolutionised the way people interact all around the world. The rate of access and the accuracy of the information conveyed have increased as technology and gadgets have advanced. Multi-frequency systems and devices are the results of the requirement for mobility and the integration of several radio modules into this kind of device. Due to the limited area, integrating many antennas and a diplexer into a single device is very challenging. This means an advanced antenna design must be simple, small, and simple to incorporate in addition to being dual or multiband capable. Microstrip printed antennas are the most promising alternative for use in small systems due to its various features such as low profile, compact configuration, simplicity of integration, and low fabrication cost. There are many techniques to make an antenna operate in multiband such as by incorporating structures like complementary split ring resonator(CSRR), SRS (split ring slot), SRR (split ring resonator) etc., dual polarization method, loading of metamaterial. The DCSRR (D shape complementary split ring resonator) is inserted into the antenna patch to enable multiband operation. So, in this paper, to achieve dual band response using this method, which supports Wi-Fi and C band applications at frequencies of 5.8 GHz and 7.1 GHz, respectively. In the suggested work, a good gain of about 1.98 dB at 5.8 GHz and 2.27 dB at 7.1 GHz was obtained, as well as an efficiency of 80 percent and 81 percent at the relevant frequencies. This characteristic has been achieved without compromising on the compact miniaturized size of antenna, which is 12 x 12 x 1.6 mm3.

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Jen-Yea Jan. "Single-layer single-feed dual-frequency circular microstrip antenna with an offset open-ring slot". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 51, nr 10 (październik 2003): 3010–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2003.817573.

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Wang, Yanfang, Fuguo Zhu i Steven Gao. "Design and Investigation of Differential-Fed Ultra-Wideband Patch Antenna with Polarization Diversity". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4254830.

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A novel single- or dual-polarized ultra-wideband (UWB) patch antenna fed by coupled feeding mechanism is proposed. The single-polarized antenna consists of a square ring patch and two Γ-shaped patches which are coupled to the radiating patch. The vertical portions of the Γ-shaped patches are connected to the microstrip lines which are printed on the bottom layer of the grounded FR4 substrate. To realize the differential feeding mechanism for enhancing the polarization purity, a tapered balun is employed to excite the antenna. Further to provide dual linear orthogonal polarizations, another pair of Γ-shaped patches is added in the single-polarized UWB antenna. The dual-polarized UWB antenna prototype can achieve two orthogonal polarizations with an impedance bandwidth (S11≤-10 dB) of 113% and isolation of over 25 dB across the entire frequency band.

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Abdullah, Alyaa Sami, Seham A. Hashem i Mahmood F. Mosleh. "A Design of CP-MIMO System with Elements of a Diamond-Ring Slot for 5G Mobile-Phone". Journal of Techniques 3, nr 2 (30.06.2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51173/jt.v3i2.334.

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This paper proposed a Circular Polarization (CP) smartphone antenna Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system with elements of a diamond ring slot for next-generation (5G). The model's composition contains four elements. Each element has a dual-fed diamond ring slot arranged at the four smartphone corners Printed Circuit Board (PCB). A cheap FR-4 substrate with using a size of 75 x 150 mm2 as the design dielectric mater. 50-Ohm microstrip-lines T-shaped feeds the antenna ports. The orthogonal positioning of microstrip feed lines is used to achieve polarization and diversity characteristics. The paradigm results show that each port operated with an operating frequency of 3.74 GHz, with the overall system running at 3.84 GHz. Also, the results show that the MIMO system is suitable for operation in a sub-6 band that qualified for 5G smartphone applications.

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Sun, Mingyu, Zhe Zhang, Kang An, Xianghui Wang, Yuezhi Jiang i Aixin Chen. "Dual-Sense Circular Polarization Antenna Based on Reconfigurable Orthogonal Network". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (7.11.2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1670786.

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A novel circular polarization (CP) reconfigurable microstrip antenna is presented. The CP reconfigurable antenna is divided into three layers, composed of an annular radiating patch, ring slot, and reconfigurable orthogonal network (RON). The designed antenna is fed by dual vertical branches at the output port of the RON. By adjusting the bias voltage of the PIN switch loaded on the reconfigurable orthogonal network, the output phase can be changed, which means that the polarization direction of CP antenna is switchable. Simulation results show that the proposed feeding network provides constant phase difference and lower insertion loss for both states in the operating frequency band, thereby achieving good match and axial ratio characteristics either LHCP or RHCP state. Measured results show that the proposed antenna exhibits operational bandwidth of 1.2% with axial ratio below 3 dB and return loss above 10 dB in both polarized states. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is obtained.

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Nelaturi, S., i N. V. S. N. Sarma. "CSRR based patch antenna for Wi-Fi and WiMAX Applications". Advanced Electromagnetics 7, nr 3 (14.08.2018): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i3.700.

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In this paper, a novel compact microstrip patch antenna is proposed for Wi- Fi and WiMAX bands. To achieve miniaturization the dimensions of the square radiating patch are chosen with reference to the high frequency band (3.3 GHz). The dual band is achieved by loading a Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) into the radiating patch. The left handed nature of the CSRR is the cause for low frequency band (2.4 GHz). To improve the return loss bandwidth and axial ratio bandwidth at upper band the fractal concept is introduced along the edges of the square patch. Thus a low volume dual band antenna is simulated using HFSS. A comparison with measured data is also presented. The fabricated antenna is found to be occupying 25% less volume (with reference to 2.4 GHz) than existing antennas which is mainly due to the blending of the two recent concepts ‘metamaterials and fractals’.

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Davuluri, Akhila John, i P. Siddaiah. "Design of wide band slotted microstrip patch antenna with defective ground structure for ku band". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, nr 2 (1.04.2021): 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1337-1345.

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This paper proposes a microstrip patch antenna (MSPA) in the Ku band for satellite applications. The antenna is small in size with dimensions of about 40 mm×48 mm×1.59 mm and is fed with a coaxial cable of 50 Ω impedance. The proposed antenna has a wide bandwidth of 3.03 GHz ranging from 12.8 GHz to 15.8 GHz. To realize the characteristics of wideband the techniques of defective ground structure (DGS) and etching slots on the radiating element are adopted. The antenna is modeled on the FR4 substrate. A basic circular patch is selected for the design of a dual-frequency operation and in the next step DGS is introduced into the basic antenna and enhanced bandwidth is achieved at both the frequencies. To attain wider bandwidth two slots are etched on the radiating element of which one is a square ring slot and the second one is a circular ring slot. The novelty of the proposed antenna is a miniaturized design and unique response within the Ku band region which is applicable for wireless UWB applications with VSWR <2 and an average gain of 3.6 dB.

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Sedghara, Ailar, i Zahra Atlasbaf. "A novel single-feed reconfigurable antenna for polarization and frequency diversity". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, nr 5 (5.12.2016): 1155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716001240.

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A novel dual-band single-feed reconfigurable annular-ring slot antenna with polarization diversity is proposed. This antenna has the ability to switch frequency bands and polarization at the same time whereas applying a simple structure. It consists of two concentric circular slots and two tuning stubs on one side of the substrate and a 50 Ω microstrip feed line and two stubs on the other side. The proposed antenna can be switched between two resonant frequencies, 2.4 GHz (WLAN) and 3.5 GHz (Wimax). Furthermore, it can be switched between linear polarization (LP), left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) at the first frequency band, LHCP and RHCP at the second band. All these capabilities are achieved by applying only five PIN diodes on both sides of the substrate. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed antenna demonstrates a good impedance bandwidth at the two frequency bands and satisfactory radiation pattern in five different states.

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Fairouz, Mohammad, i Mohammad A. Saed. "A Complete System of Wireless Power Transfer Using a Circularly Polarized Retrodirective Array". Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 20, nr 2 (30.04.2020): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26866/jees.2020.20.2.139.

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A complete system of wireless power transfer using a circularly polarized retrodirective array is presented. A dual frequency, active retrodirective array is proposed for a transmitter system. The antenna array uses circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna subarrays with sequential rotation and surface wave suppression. The designed antenna element eliminates undesired coupling between array elements due to surface waves present in conventional microstrip antenna arrays in order to improve array performance. A sequential rotation technique was implemented to improve impedance matching and circular polarization bandwidths. The proposed retrodirective array was designed to operate at about 2.4 GHz for the interrogating signal and about 5.8 GHz for the retransmitted signal. The beam scanning inherent in retrodirective arrays ensures a uniform power level available to the receiving devices, regardless of their location within the angular sector over which retrodirectivity is achieved. A rectenna was designed as a receiver in order to have a complete system the wireless power transfer. A zero bias Schottky diode with high detection sensitivity was used as the rectifying device. The shorting pins used in the antennas to suppress surface waves also act as return paths for the DC current, eliminating the need for an RF chock in the rectifier circuit. The design procedure, simulation results, and experimental measurements are presented.

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Imaculate Rosaline, S. "Metamaterial inspired multi-split square shaped printed antenna for WLAN applications". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2070, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2070/1/012110.

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Abstract This paper describes the design of a compact dual band microstrip antenna based on metamaterial inspired split ring radiating element and a complementary spilt ring resonator (CSRR). The antenna has a very compact dimension of 20×20×0.8 mm3. It covers the 2.5/5.2/5.8 GHz frequencies, pertaining to IEEE 802.11 b/g/a standards suitable for WLAN applications with a -10dB impedance bandwidth of 250 MHz and 860 MHz. The CSRR creates a negative permittivity region, thus providing miniaturization of the antenna and the introduction of additional split gaps in the radiating element creates a positive permeability within the desirable frequency range, yielding better impedance matching. The negative properties of those structures are verified using S-parameter retrieval method. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and the measured results are fairly in good agreement with the simulation results. Dipole like radiation patterns are observed at both the operating frequencies. The measured peak gains are 0.58 dBi, 1.27 dBi and 2.10 dBi at 2.5, 5.2 and 5.8 GHz respectively.

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El Ouahabi, Mohssine, Aziz Dkiouak, Alia Zakriti, Mohamed Essaaidi i Hanae Elftouh. "Analysis and design of a compact ultra-wideband antenna with WLAN and X-band satellite notch". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, nr 4 (1.08.2020): 4261. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4261-4269.

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A compact design of ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual band-notched characteristics based on split-ring resonators (SRR) are investigated in this paper. The wider impedance bandwidth (from 2.73 to 11.34 GHz) is obtained by using two symmetrical slits in the radiating patch and another slit in the partial ground plane. The dual band-notch rejection at WLAN and X-band downlink satellite communication system are obtained by inserting a modified U-strip on the radiating patch at 5.5 GHz and embedding a pair of rectangular SRRs on both sides of the microstrip feed line at 7.5 GHz, respectively. The proposed antenna is simulated and tested using CST MWS high frequency simulator and exhibits the advantages of compact size, simple design and each notched frequency band can be controlled independently by using the SRR geometrical parameters. Therefore, the parametric study is carried out to understand the mutual coupling between the dual band-notched elements. To validate simulation results of our design, a prototype is fabricated and good agreement is achieved between measurement and simulation. Furthermore, a radiation patterns, satisfactory gain, current distribution and VSWR result at the notched frequencies make the proposed antenna a suitable candidate for practical UWB applications.

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Ojaroudi Parchin, Naser, Haleh Jahanbakhsh Basherlou, Yasir I. A. Al-Yasir, Atta Ullah, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed i James M. Noras. "Multi-Band MIMO Antenna Design with User-Impact Investigation for 4G and 5G Mobile Terminals". Sensors 19, nr 3 (23.01.2019): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030456.

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In this study, we propose a design of a multi-band slot antenna array applicable for fourth-generation (4G) and fifth-generation (5G) smartphones. The design is composed of double-element square-ring slot radiators fed by microstrip-line structures for easy integration with radio frequency (RF)/microwave circuitry. The slot radiators are located on the corners of the smartphone printed circuit board (PCB) with an overall dimension of 75 × 150 mm2. The proposed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is designed to meet the requirements of 4G and 5G mobile terminals with essential bandwidth for higher data rate applications. For −10 dB impedance bandwidth, each single-element of the proposed MIMO design can cover the frequency ranges of 2.5–2.7 GHz (long-term evolution (LTE) 2600), 3.45–3.8 GHz (LTE bands 42/43), and 5.00–5.45 GHz (LTE band 46). However, for −6 dB impedance bandwidth, the radiation elements cover the frequency ranges of 2.45–2.82 GHz, 3.35–4.00 GHz, and 4.93–5.73 GHz. By employing the microstrip feed lines at the four different sides of smartphone PCB, the isolation of the radiators has been enhanced and shows better than 17 dB isolation levels over all operational bands. The MIMO antenna is implemented on an FR-4 dielectric and provides good properties including S-parameters, efficiency, and radiation pattern coverage. The performance of the antenna is validated by measurements of the prototype. The simulation results for user-hand/user-head impacts and specific absorption rate (SAR) levels of the antenna are discussed, and good results are achieved. In addition, the antenna elements have the potential to be used as 8-element/dual-polarized resonators.

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Cheng, Chunxia, i Liyan Luo. "Mutual Coupling Reduction Using Improved Dual-Layer Mushroom and E-Shaped Stub". International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2021 (18.02.2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8862570.

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The improved dual-layer mushroom (IDLM) and back-to-back E-shaped stubs for mutual coupling reduction between microstrip patch antennas are presented in this paper. The IDLM unit consists of one upper layer complementary split-ring resonator lattice and four lower layer lattices, whose centers are connected to the ground by a pin. The decoupling structure can prevent the surface current from one antenna port to another, so as to improve the isolation between the antennas. The proposed antenna works in the open wireless communication band of 2.45 GHz. Using the proposed decoupling structure, a low mutual coupling level ranging from −27 to −40 dB is obtained when the center distance of the adjacent patches is 0.5λ0. The total size of the decoupling antenna is 99 × 41 × 2.4 mm3 with a frequency range of 2.42–2.48 GHz for S11 < −10 dB. The proposed decoupling structure can also improve the average gain and efficiency of the antenna by 0.1 dB and 5%, respectively. The antenna is studied from the aspects of isolation, return loss, current and electric field distribution, radiation pattern, and diversity performance. The designed decoupling antenna is fabricated and measured. The pattern, isolation, and return loss of the tested results show good consistence with the simulation results. The diversity gain and envelop correlation coefficient of the diversity performance show that the designed antenna can be used in MIMO or Rx/Tx systems.

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Mamarou Diallo, Mamadou, Dominic Bernard Onyango Konditi i Olivier Videme Bossou. "A miniaturized dual-band planar antenna with a square ring defected ground structure for 5G millimetre-wave applications". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 29, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v29.i1.pp197-205.

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The high demand for wireless wideband services has led to evolving of a new mobile network standard, which is known as ‘5G’. For 5G to meet the essentials in terms of bandwidth, the industry should leverage the mm-Wave band (24-300 GHz). Further, miniaturized antennas that operate in multiple frequency bands are required for future space-constrained devices. In this manuscript, a compact dual-band circular microstrip antenna which has a square ring defected ground structure (SR-DGS) is investigated for 5G mobile systems. The design is accomplished using Ansys-HFSS 2021R1. The Rogers RT/duroid (5880) substrate, which has a permittivity of 2.2, a tangent loss of 0.0009, and a thickness of 1.575 mm, is used as a dielectric material. The antenna has physical dimensions of 5x4x1.575 mm3 with an electrical size of 0.458λ0 x0.366λ0 x0.144λ0 ; λ0 represents the wavelength in free space at 27.50 GHz. Impedance bandwidths of 1.34 GHz (27.50 GHz-28.84 GHz) and 2.26 GHz (37.74 GHz-40 GHz) are achieved at the 28 GHz and 38 GHz bands, respectively. The antenna resonates at 28.1875 GHz and 38.5625 GHz with respective gains of 7.2 dB and 7.65 dB. The proposed antenna is a promising candidate for 5G communications due to its miniaturized size.

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Al-Ani, N. M. K., O. A. S. Al-Ani, M. F. Mosleh i R. A. Abd-Alhameed. "A Design of MIMO Prototype in C-Band Frequency for Future Wireless Communications". Advanced Electromagnetics 9, nr 1 (22.03.2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v9i1.1333.

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The main challenges of MIMO design for future wireless communication is size reduction which leads to more mutual coupling. This paper deals with this problem in order to mitigate the impact of mutual coupling by proposing four elements MIMO prototype each one having a dual polarized patch rectangular microstrips. The idea is to insert annular rectangular opened one ribs in front of each microstrip and in corresponding to circular ring slot etched has etched in the ground. The advantage of such slot is to obtain regular radiation pattern distributed around device body. The four elements with eight ports are incorporated on 67×139 mm2 PCB with FR-4 dielectric layer. The single antenna is simulated CST.STUDIO 2019 resulting an operated frequency of 6.23 GHz with a band of 850 MHz (5.81-6.66) GHz at -10 dB. The fabrication MIMO system prototype is tested to show its measurement results which are match the simulated results. All results confirm of that proposed MIMO prototype which is operated at C-band frequency which is very important for future wireless applications.

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MISHAN, Viktor, Lesia KARPOVA i Inna LOBACHOVA. "MIMO ANTENNA ARRAY WITH DIRECTIONAL DIAGRAM SPREAD FOR 5G SMARTPHONES". Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 315, nr 6(1) (29.12.2022): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-315-6-139-142.

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Multiple-input/multiple-output technology can exponentially increase the data transfer rate and spectrum efficiency without any need of increasing the transmission power and bandwidth. It is the most promising technology to be used in the upcoming 5G communications. To be more accurate, the fourth generation smartphones are set to use the long-term evolution MIMO technology and operate in multi-bands. Therefore, MIMO antennas are to use in future portable devices such as mobile handsets and tablets. A new multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna design is introduced for future smartphones. The proposed design contains four pairs of double-fed circular-ring resonators located at different edges of the smartphone printed circuit board (PCB) with an FR-4 substrate and a dimension of 75 × 150 mm2. The antenna elements are fed by 50-Ohm microstriplines and provide polarisation and radiation pattern diversity function due to the orthogonal placement of their feed lines. By inserting a rectangular slot under each microstrip feed-line, the mutual coupling characteristic of the antenna ports is reduced. A good frequency bandwidth (S11 ≤ − 10 dB) of 3.3–3.9 GHz has been obtained for the smartphone antenna array. Nevertheless, for S11 ≤ −6 dB, this value is 3.1–4.3 GHz. More than 3 dB realised gain and 80% total efficiency are achieved for the single element radiator. The design provides not only sufficient radiation coverage supporting different sides of the mainboard but also the polarisation diversity. In addition, sufficient properties are obtained in the vicinity of human-hand/human-head. The proposed MIMO antenna design is also capable to generate dual- or multi-band function. Moreover, a new and compact phased array millimeter-wave (mm-wave) antenna design with end-fire radiation beams is introduced which can be easily integrated into smartphones.

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"Compact Rhombus Ring Dual Frequency Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications". International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, nr 2S3 (30.12.2019): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.b1052.1292s319.

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In paper, a low profile microstrip patch antenna with rhombus model is designed at an running frequency at 2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz. Microstrip Patch Antenna are suited to non-plane and plane areas, uncomplicated and effortless to design by used Printed Circuit Technology, it is a mechanically vigorous when it is ascended on rigid places and when the particular patch design model and dimension were selected, it has adjustable in view of resonance frequency, radiation design, impedance and polarization. High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) is a definite component method solver for structures of EM (electromagnetic). The outcome values are discussed and analyzed in view of S11 (Return Loss), 3D Polar Plot, Radiation design and Gain. The value of S11 comes out to be -14.16dB for the designed antenna. The antenna measured length is nearly half wavelength in the dielectric, it is a highly censorious parameter, which governs the antenna resonant frequency. And the final values are simulated using High Frequency Structural Simulator

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Selas, A. Sureka, i K. Ayyappan. "Dual Band Octagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna Loaded with Array of Split Ring Resonators". International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 10.06.2020, 516–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset207399.

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This article presents a proposal about an octagonal microstrip patch antenna (MPA) loaded with Split Ring Resonators (SRR) the antenna’s ground part. The antenna size reduction using multiband radiators will suits for miniaturization of day-to-day handheld devices. The dual band behaviour of the antenna will integrate more communication standard in one system which saves the installation space in the device. In this context, an octagonal antenna structure is conceived for a dual operational frequency of 5.63 GHz and 5.97 GHz. Hereby, a Co-planar Waveguide (CPW) structure is adapted to the octagonal patch and the structure has been observed by simulation analysis under HFSS platform. The overall geometry of the antenna is 30 x 26 x 1.6 mm3. The antenna feed using a microstrip for earning a better impedance matching between the antenna and transmission line. The antenna design provides a wider bandwidth of 580MHz and average gain of 3.25 dBm. The attainment of dual band operational frequencies is due to the CPW and SRR structure in the antenna design.

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Choudhary, Surya Deo, Shilpee Patil, Alka Verma, Md Irshad Alam, Vinod M. Kapse i Binod Kumar Kanaujia. "Design of dual-polarized triple-band concentric annular-ring microstrip patch antenna for GPS applications". International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies, 6.01.2022, 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078721001756.

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Abstract A triple-frequency operated concentric annular ring microstrip antenna which is single fed is presented. The proposed antenna with three concentric annular rings and two symmetrical notches on its outer ring and having a cross slot in its ground surface shows triple band at resonance frequency 1.22760, 1.57542, and 2.18 GHz, respectively. At the first two bands (GPS L2 and GPS L1), circular polarization characteristic is observed and the third band observes linear polarization finding its application in Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). The complete dimension of the antenna designed and fabricated is only 51.6 × 51.6 × 1.6 mm3. Experimental results depict the proposed antenna gain of 3.31, 3.55, and 3.50 dBi in three bands, respectively, and closely matches with the theoretical results.

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"A CSRR DGS Loaded Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antenna in Ground Plane for Application in PCS And WLAN Communication System". International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, nr 6 (30.03.2020): 1065–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.f7525.038620.

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In this paper, a rectangular microstrip antenna which is inset-fed by the microstrip line with a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) defected ground structure (DGS) cell in the ground plane just below the microstrip line (substrate present in between) for the dual frequency operation at 1.92 GHz and 5.22 GHz is presented, which are the operation bands of personal communication system (PCS) and wireless local area network (WLAN) respectively. The fundamental mode TM10 and one strongly activated higher order mode are excited which are responsible for the dual-band operation. Smaller broadside radiation and same polarization planes are the characteristics of these modes.

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"Integration of Microstrip Patch Antenna with Flexible Thin Film Solar Cell". International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 8, nr 11 (10.09.2019): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.k1544.0981119.

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The implementation of flexible Dual band rectangular ring patch antenna combined with a thin film solar cell is reported. The multiple layers in the encapsulation of the thin film solar cell are used as substrate for the antenna design. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed solar antenna are 1.82 GHz-1.87 GHz (2.71%) centered at 1.85 GHz and 2.38 GHz-2.48 GHz (4.11%) at 2.45 GHz .The measured gain at 1.85 and 2.45 GHz are 4.47 dBi and 4.16 dBi respectively. The flexibility of the antenna is also tested by bending radius of 6cm was used and antenna performed well in bent Condition too. This antenna is suitable for applications like wearable Radio Frequency energy harvesting, to powering the implanted electronics or sensors.

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"Ultra-Wideband Compact Microstrip Patch Antenna for C, X and K-band Applications". International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, nr 5 (10.03.2020): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.e2239.039520.

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A novel stacked double U, angular ring shaped MIMO antenna is designed using DGS, and a pair of balanced shorting pin is proposed for C, X, and K-band applications. The aim of this design is to enhance the bandwidth by using different techniques in a compact MSA. The proposed antenna is designed on an FR4 substrate with permittivity of 4.4 is used in this design with dimension of 10×10 mm2 with two-microstrip line and one coaxial feed as a feeding mechanism. Two asymmetrical antennas of FR4 substrate are stacked with an air gap of thickness 1.6mm that exhibits a low correlation coefficient; low mutual coupling and refection coefficient is below-25 dB. The antenna is simulated through HFSS software 13.0 version shows Operates at UWB of frequency range 6.17-9.3, 18.1-18.7 GHz with maximum radiation efficiency of 83%.

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Chao, Zhang, Zhao Zitong, Xiao Pei, Yu Jie, Liu Zhu i Li Gaosheng. "A miniaturized microstrip antenna with tunable double band-notched characteristics for UWB applications". Scientific Reports 12, nr 1 (16.11.2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-24384-2.

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AbstractThis paper proposes the step-by-step design procedure for obtaining independent dual band-notch performance, which provides a valuable method for designing tunable dual band-notched UWB antenna. The proposed antenna consists of the semicircle ring-like radiating patch with an elliptical-shaped slot and double split ring resonators on the top surface of the substrate and defected ground structure (DGS) on the bottom surface of the substrate. The operating frequencies ranged from 1.3 to 11.6 GHz (S11 < − 10 dB). By loading varactor diodes at the gap of the resonators structure and changing the varactor diode’s reverse bias voltage(0–30 V), a wider band-notched tuning range from 2.47–4.19 to 4.32–5.96 GHz can be achieved, which covers the whole WiMAX band and WLAN band. The experimental results agree well with the simulated results. The notched gain at notched frequency points is about − 5.3 dBi and − 5 dBi, demonstrating that the narrow-band interference signal could be efficiently suppressed. The security of UWB communication systems can be further enhanced. Meanwhile, the selection of varactor diode and DC bias circuit are fully considered. Hence, the accuracy of the experiment results and antenna operating performance have been improved. Furthermore, the proposed antenna only has an electrical size of 0.26λ*0.19λ at 1.3 GHz. Compared to the related reported antennas, the proposed antenna has achieved a simpler structure, low profile, compact size, tunable dual band-notched characteristics, extensive independent tunable range, and good band-notched performance simultaneously, to the best of our knowledge. The proposed antenna is believed to have a valuable prospect in UWB communication, Wireless Body Area Network, Industry Science Medicine, mobile communication applications, etc.

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Kumar, Anand, Santosh Kumar Mahto, Rashmi Sinha i Arvind Choubey. "Dual circular slot ring triple-band MIMO antenna for 5G applications". Frequenz, 11.12.2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2020-0138.

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AbstractA Triple-band Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna for 5G mobile terminal applications is proposed in this paper. The design comprises four-port/two resonators, each having two concentric circular slot ring radiators etched on a ground plane of size 50 mm ${\times}$ 50 mm. The antenna is fed by perpendicularly arranged 50 Ω microstrip line feeds on the top layer. Decoupling techniques were used to suppress mutual coupling between the two resonators. The perpendicular arrangement of the feed lines and port reduces mutual coupling between the two ports and increases isolation. The antenna operates in multiple bands: 3.35–3.69 GHz, 24–28 GHz, and 37–40 GHz frequency range with central frequencies at 3.5 GHz, 26 GHz, and 38 GHz, respectively allocated for 5G. The antenna provides a gain of 2.7–7.8 dB and a radiation efficiency of 0.49–0.85 in the operating bands. Diversity performance is studied in terms of the Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), and Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC) were found to be less than 0.01, greater than 9.99 dB, and less than −10 dB respectively. The proposed antenna offers good S-parameters, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), TARC, radiation pattern, high gain, and low ECC. The antenna was fabricated and tested. The measured results and simulated results are in good agreement. It possesses sufficient potential for 5G mobile terminal and smart wearable applications.

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