Artykuły w czasopismach: „Du shi”

1

Wu, I.-Hsien. "Yiji shi shi". NAN NÜ 11, nr 1 (2009): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138768009x12454916571922.

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García, Douglas. "Shi". Chasqui 16, nr 2/3 (1987): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29740025.

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TAKI, Eikan. "The Meaning of shi ru shi _??__??__??_". JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 50, nr 2 (2002): 919–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.50.919.

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Yue, Isaac. "Zhonggu wenxue zhong de shi yu shi". Journal of Chinese Literature and Culture 9, nr 2 (1.11.2022): 496–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/23290048-9965751.

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Li, Defeng. "On the Adaptation of Mongolian History Bai Shi in the 16th Century". Korean Association for Mongolian Studies 74 (31.08.2023): 137–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17292/kams.2023.74.137.

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The view that Bai Shi is not made by one person at a time has more fault-tolerant space, which is a premise for us to discuss the adaptation of Bai Shi. In the 16th century, Bai Shi was adapted by Hutuketu Chechen Hongtaiji of ordos Department, who was a grandnephew of Andahan and played an important role in his political and Buddhist career. At present, there are three typical views on the content of White History in academic circles: Sha Bila, Bao Yin and He Qilong, with similarities and differences. Based on the analysis of the research status of the contents of various parts of Bai Shi, we think that every adaptation of Bai Shi has revised the existing contents. In the absence of the core edition, it is difficult to separate the contents of Bai Shi because of the very similar background between the early Yuan Dynasty and the adaptation in the 16th century.

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6

Abd El Aal, Ahmed, i Sair Kahraman. "Indirect Methods to Predict the Abrasion Resistance and Slake Durability of Marbles". Journal of Molecular and Engineering Materials 05, nr 02 (czerwiec 2017): 1750007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251237317500071.

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Marble has been widely used as building materials since ancient times. Abrasion resistance and slake durability are the important characteristics of marbles. The prediction of these marbles properties will be useful from indirect methods especially for preliminary studies. In this study, the predictability of the Böhme abrasion resistance (BA) and the slake durability (SDI) of marbles were investigated from the indirect methods such as point load index ([Formula: see text], Shore hardness index (SHI), impact strength index (ISI), and ultrasonic velocity ([Formula: see text]). The evaluation of the test results showed that the SDI were correlated well to the [Formula: see text], and moderately correlated to the [Formula: see text]. But, the SDI was correlated weakly to both the ISI and SHI values. On the other hand, all indirect tests values were strongly or very strongly correlated to the BA values. Some multiple regression equations were also derived for the estimation of the SDI and the BA. It can be concluded that the SDI of the tested and similar marbles can be predicted from the [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] values. The correlations between the SDI and both SHI and ISI values should be further investigated. Another conclusion is that dry [Formula: see text], ISI, SHI and [Formula: see text] values can be used for the prediction of the BA values of the tested and similar marbles.

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Velazhahan, Rethinasamy, Shima Nasser Hamed Al-Mamari, Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi, Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli i S. P. Sathish Babu. "In vitro antagonistic potential, plant growth-promoting activity and indole-3-acetic acid producing trait of bacterial isolates from spent mushroom substrate of Agaricus bisporus". Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS] 25, nr 2 (20.09.2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jams.vol25iss2pp22-29.

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Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is widely used as fertilizer and to control plant diseases. The microorganisms surviving in SMS play a crucial role in plant growth promotion and biocontrol properties of SMS. In this study, an effort was made to isolate and characterize the bacterial species present in the SMS of Agaricus bisporus and to study their antagonistic potential, plant growth-promoting ability and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing trait. Six different bacterial isolates exhibiting morphological variabilities were obtained from the SMS by serial dilution technique. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, these isolates were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis (Sh1 and Sh3), S. aureus (Sh2), Bacillus albus (Sh4), Delftia lacustris (Sh6) and Comamonas aquatica (Sh7). These bacterial strains were assayed for their antagonism against Pythium aphanidermatum, a phytopathogenic oomycete. The results of in vitro dual culture assay revealed that all the 6 bacterial isolates showed low levels of suppression of P. aphanidermatum and recorded less than 5 mm inhibition zone. Among the bacterial isolates, S. epidermidis Sh3 recorded the maximum inhibition zone of 4.2 mm. Plant growth promotion test using roll paper towel method revealed that C. aquatica Sh7, B. albus Sh4, D. lacustris Sh6 and S. epidermidis Sh3 caused a significant increase in seedling vigour of cucumber compared to control. The seeds treated with the bacterial isolate C. aquatica Sh7 showed the maximum seedling vigor. Assessment of in vitro production of IAA by the bacterial isolates revealed that the bacterial isolates highly varied (ranging from 0.28 to 9.25 mg L-1) in their potential for production of IAA. The maximum amount of IAA was produced by C. aquatica Sh7 (9.25 mg L-1), while the minimum was produced by S. epidermidis Sh1 (0.28 mg L-1).

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8

Zhang, Yue. "Song qian yongshi shi shi (review)". China Review International 18, nr 1 (2011): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.2011.0011.

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Lee, Geun-Myung. "The Description of Song shi Wang An-shi chuan and Shen zong shi lu". Korean Society of the History of Historiography 37 (10.06.2018): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29186/kjhh.2018.37.79.

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10

Cutter, Robert Joe. "On Reading Cao Zhi's "Three Good Men": Yong shi shi or Deng lin shi?" Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews (CLEAR) 11 (grudzień 1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/495524.

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11

Long, Haiping, i Pengfei Kuang. "Modern Chinese confirmative shi". Functions of Language 24, nr 3 (31.12.2017): 294–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.15018.lon.

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Abstract Modern Chinese confirmative shi (as in mei cuo, wo shi yao dusi ni (沒錯，我是要毒死你) ‘that’s right. I really wanted to poison you to death’) is not an auxiliary but an adverb. It derives from the adjective shi ‘true, real’ in Old Chinese (Yan zhi yan shi ye (偃之言是也) ‘what Yan said was true’). The grammaticalization pathway of the Modern Chinese confirmative shi is different from that of the copula shi (Laozhang shi huoche siji (老張是貨車司機) ‘Laozhang is a truck driver’) or the auxiliary shi (Laozhang shi kai huoche, wo shi kai keche (老張是開貨車，我是開客車) ‘Laozhang drives a truck and I drive a coach car’). Modern Chinese confirmative shi, copula shi, and auxiliary shi have the same morphological form because they all appear to derive from the adjective shi or demonstrative ( shi ke ren, shu bu ke ren ( 是可忍，孰不可忍) ‘if this could be endured, is there anything else that could not be endured’) in Old Chinese. Such a pattern of morphological sameness seems to be cross-linguistically rare, if not unique.

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12

Lebra, Takie Sugiyama, i Wakita Haruko. "Nihon Josei-shi". Journal of Japanese Studies 13, nr 1 (1987): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/132589.

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13

AF, Trofa. "Shigella [shi-gel’ə]". Emerging Infectious Diseases 15, nr 3 (marzec 2009): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1503.999999.

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14

Iwamoto, Yoshio, i Oketani Hideaki. "Shōwa seishin shi". World Literature Today 68, nr 1 (1994): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40150092.

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15

Kim soo kyung. "A Translation of Shi yu gu shi in Manchu Scripts". JOURNAL OF CHINESE STUDIES ll, nr 37 (sierpień 2012): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26585/chlab.2012..37.014.

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16

De Meyer, Jan. "Das "Ben shi shi" des Meng Qi (review)". China Review International 17, nr 2 (2010): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.2010.0047.

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17

Readhead, Carol, i Audrey L. Muggleton-Harris. "The shiverer mouse mutation shi/shi: rescue and preimplantation detection". Human Reproduction 6, nr 1 (styczeń 1991): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137265.

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18

Lauf, P. K., i N. C. Adragna. "Temperature-induced functional deocclusion of thiols inhibitory for sheep erythrocyte K-Cl cotransport". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 269, nr 5 (1.11.1995): C1167—C1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1995.269.5.c1167.

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In low-K sheep erythrocytes, K-Cl cotransport is activated by treatment with low concentrations of thiol reagents and by other interventions such as lowering of cellular free cytosolic Mg, hyposmotic cell swelling, the kinase inhibitor staurosporine, and hydroxylamine. High concentrations of N-ethylmaleimide or methylmethane thiolsulfonate reverse the activation through thiol groups and, as shown here, also the stimulation by non-thiol manipulations. The overriding inhibitory sites functionally associated with and different from those of the activating thiols (SHa) were further distinguished by temperature. Treatment with N-ethylmaleimide and its subsequent removal by dithiothreitol, both at 0 degrees C, prevented the inhibitory effect at 37 degrees C and thus the chemical modification of inhibitory thiols (SHi). Whereas stimulation through SHa closely followed the loss of glutathione, inhibition through SHi occurred only in glutathione-depleted cells. The reversal of K-Cl cotransport stimulation by all hitherto known interventions, which is strongest in metabolically depleted cells, suggests that the low temperature-protected SHi constitute crucial sites that, close to the transporter itself or at the cytoskeletal level, become functionally deoccluded upon temperature elevation.

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19

Ng, Jin Jie Dillon, Zee Upton, David Leavesley i Chen Fan. "Investigating the Effects of Shikonin, Deoxyshikonin, and (β,β-Dimethylacryl)Shikonin on Melanoma Cell Lines". Natural Product Communications 15, nr 4 (kwiecień 2020): 1934578X2092232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x20922328.

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Melanoma is the most lethal form of various skin cancers and contributes to more than 79% of all skin cancer deaths. Although there are numerous therapies available for melanoma, the high rate of recurrence in melanoma post-therapy remains a challenging issue for both patients and clinicians. Apoptosis is one of the foundations for cancer treatment as deficient apoptosis is one of the most essential reasons for the formation of tumour tissues. Shikonin (SHI), an active component extracted from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has been broadly demonstrated to possess antitumorigenic property due to its apoptosis-inducing ability in various cancer cell lines. The analogs of SHI, such as deoxyshikonin (DO-SHI) and (β,β-dimethylacryl)shikonin (β,β-SHI), have also been found to possess similar bioactivities. The apoptosis-inducing ability of SHI and its analogs enable them to be potential anticancer therapies. In this study reported herein, we investigated the effects of SHI, DO-SHI, and β,β-SHI on both human (A375) and mouse (B16-F0 and B16-F10) melanoma cell lines. Cell viability was measured using Alamar blue assay, while cell migration was detected using scratch assay. Cell apoptosis was captured using terminal deoxynucleotidyl dUTP nick end labeling and fluorescence activated cell sorting. Signaling pathway activation was detected using Western blotting. Our results revealed that SHI, DO-SHI, and β,β-SHI reduce cell viability, inhibit cell migration, and induce apoptosis in melanoma cell lines. These 3 molecules-induced apoptosis in A375 is regulated via mitogen-activated protein kinase/caspase 3 signaling pathway. In particular, DO-SHI and β,β-SHI induce higher apoptosis rate in A375 and B16-F0 compared to SHI. The data from this study demonstrate that DO-SHI and β,β-SHI offer potential new reagents for managing melanoma.

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20

Sheedlo, Harold J., George J. Siegel, Timothy J. Desmond i Stephen A. Ernst. "(Na++K+)-adenosinetriphosphatase in the brain of Shiverer (Shi/Shi) mice". Neurochemical Research 12, nr 12 (grudzień 1987): 1081–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00971708.

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Readhead, Carol, i Leroy Hood. "The dysmyelinating mouse mutations shiverer (shi) and myelin deficient (shi mld )". Behavior Genetics 20, nr 2 (marzec 1990): 213–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01067791.

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Shi, Zhiyuan, Qingchuan Song, Robert Göstl i Andreas Herrmann. "Correction: Mechanochemical activation of disulfide-based multifunctional polymers for theranostic drug release". Chemical Science 12, nr 11 (2021): 4184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc90047a.

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Chen, Jiayuan. "The structure of Mandarin embedded and matrix sluicing". Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 9, nr 1 (15.05.2024): 5671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v9i1.5671.

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In Mandarin sluicing, the copula shi may precede the wh-phrase and it’s sometimes optional. Most existing analyses agree that Mandarin embedded sluicing with shi is an instance of pseudo-sluicing with an underlying copular structure. However, different analyses disagree on exactly when shi can be absent in Mandarin sluicing and by extension, the underlying structure of sluicing without shi. Many existing analyses assume that shi can be absent in embedded sluicing when the wh-phrase is complex. This study presents experimental findings showing that shi can only be absent in matrix sluicing and is obligatory in embedded sluicing, regardless of the wh-phrase. I then provide novel arguments in favor of the view that sluicing with shi is underlying copular, while sluicing without shi is not.

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24

Zhang, Heyou. "Where do they come from?" Cognitive Linguistic Studies 1, nr 2 (31.12.2014): 197–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.1.2.02zha.

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Much work has been done to explore the origin and functions of the Chinese “Shi…De” construction, but there are still some problems left unsolved. Firstly, there is no consensus on what a syntactic category the “Shi…De” construction belongs to. Second, no agreement has been reached with regard to the functions of De and Shi in the “Shi…De” construction. Third, the reason why Chinese chooses “Shi…De” to assume the function of focusing is not clear. Moreover, though previous studies have discussed the origin and the diachronic distribution of this construction, the mechanism for its generation or its genesis is left untouched. This paper discussed the Chinese “Shi…De” construction from a synchronic perspective. The findings include: (1) The Chinese “Shi…De” constructions are essentially assertive sentences which relate to the grammaticalization of Shi; (2) De as an empty word is a particle at the phrase level and a functor together with a Shi at the sentence level; (3) The “Shi…De” construction is endowed with its own semantic function; (4) The mechanism for forming Chinese cleft sentences is analogy.

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Yakasai, Murtala Garba. "Nazarin Kurman Ɗa a Waƙar “Zuma” Ta Aminu Ladan Abubakar (ALA)". Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 3, nr 01 (15.02.2024): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2024.v03i01.024.

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Takardar ta yi nazarin waƙar baka ta ALA inda aka bibiyi amfani da ‘Kurman Ɗa’ wanda shi ne ya mamaye waƙar ‘zuma’ ta mawaƙin. An fahimci yadda ya yi amfani da hikima da azanci domin isar da saƙonsa ga masu nazari. ALA ya yi ta faman dibilwa ta amfani da harshen Hausa, wadda sai da manazarta suka ci kwakwa kafin fahimtar saƙon mawaƙin a cikin sauƙi. Dalilin wannan nazari domin masu sauraron waƙa da manazarta sun gaza yin caraf! Domin fahimtar saƙon da ke cikinta, sakamakon haka sai aka nazarce ta, aka fahimce ta, aka kuma tattauna da mawaƙin, sannan aka yi fashin baƙinta, domin fahimtar da ɗimbin masu gurguwar fahimta game da waƙar. Tunanin rubuta wannan takarada bai wuce fitar da jaki daga duma ba, domin salon sarƙaƙiyar da saƙon waƙar yake da shi. An saurari wannan waƙa ne a cikin faifan memory, sai aka rubuce ta tsaf domin yin wannan nazarin. Manufar wannan takarda ita ce fahimtar yadda mawaƙin ya nuna ƙwarewa ta amfani da harshe, domin kuwa takardar ta binciko yadda manazarta da dama suka wasa ƙwaƙwalensu domin gano haƙiƙanin saƙon da waƙar take ƙunshe da shi, sakamakon yadda saƙon ya dinga zuwa a dunƙule kuma cikin salon tambaya tare da salon waskiya daga mawaƙin, har dai daga bisani a ka fahimci bakin ƙullin zaren ta yadda mawaƙin ya yi amfani da salo irin na ɗaurin ɓoye.

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Zweifel, Peter. "Auftrag und Grenzen der Sozialen Krankenversicherung". Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik 7, Supplement (maj 2006): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-6493.2006.00214.x.

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Abstract This contribution seeks to answer two questions, (1) What are the reasons for a demand for social health insurance (SHI)?, and (2) What are the limits to the growth of SHI? A review of the reasons for the existence of SHI reveals that while economists have emphasized the possible contribution of SHI to efficiency, the available evidence points to public choice reasons, which also seem to explain better the growth of SHI. Indeed, since private insurance redistributes as well (albeit governed by chance), it is tempting for politicians to use SHI for systematic redistribution (the extent of which cannot easily be detected by net payers). Turning to the supply of SHI, two dimensions are studied in some detail, viz. efforts at product innovation and at risk selection. Competing suppliers of SHI, while hampered by risk adjustment which sanctions innovators for attracting the young, are predicted to invest in innovation. A monopolistic public SHI scheme, by way of contrast, does not need to select risks and, on the other hand, it is predicted to refrain from product innovation. This is but one limit to the growth of SHI; the ultimate one is citizens’ lack of willingness to pay for its continuing expansion, about which some evidence for the case of Switzerland is presented.

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Empey, Heather. "Early Shi`i Thought". American Journal of Islam and Society 23, nr 1 (1.01.2006): 110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i1.1649.

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The work under consideration is a clear and concise exposition of the lifeand thought of Muhammad al-Baqir, the great-grandson of ProphetMuhammad and one of the most influential Shi`i Imams, recognized by boththe Isma`ili and Ithna`ashari Shi`ahs. In this revised version of her doctoraldissertation, the author draws on a wide-range of primary sources and aselection of secondary materials in order to provide the reader with a portraitof a central figure in Shi`i Islam, one who can also tell us a great deal aboutthe formative stage of Islamic thought. For this reason, Early Shi`i Thoughtshould be of interest not only to students of Shi`ism, but also to all those concernedwith the often complex development of Islamic civilization during itsearly period.The first chapter, which serves as the introduction, constitutes a briefsummary of the lives of the first Shi`i Imams and the succession to theProphet. Here, the author provides us with a list of the primary sources thatshe will be using throughout her study. The second chapter, dealing with theimamate before the time of Muhammad al-Baqir, is also an historicaloverview of the lives of the early Imams and their struggles against both theUmayyads as well as some of their own partisans. Chapter 3 is devoted toal-Baqir’s succession to the imamate and to the divisions among the Shi`ahat that time. Al-Baqir’s quietism is contrasted with the political activism ofhis half-brother Zayd ibn `Ali and the emerging Zaydi Shi`ah, who werewilling to revolt against their rulers ...

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Shi, Qiuju, Weina Zhang, Yuemeng Ji, Jiaxin Wang, Dandan Qin, Jiangyao Chen, Yanpeng Gao, Guiying Li i Taicheng An. "Correction: Enhanced uptake of glyoxal at the acidic nanoparticle interface: implications for secondary organic aerosol formation". Environmental Science: Nano 7, nr 11 (2020): 3627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0en90056g.

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Correction for ‘Enhanced uptake of glyoxal at the acidic nanoparticle interface: implications for secondary organic aerosol formation’ by Qiuju Shi et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2020, 7, 1126–1135, DOI: 10.1039/D0EN00016G.

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Lim, An-King. "On Sino-Turkic verbal functional expressions". International Journal of Chinese Linguistics 8, nr 1 (1.06.2021): 102–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.00012.lim.

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Abstract Turkic conquest and rule of China since 386 CE for nearly two hundred years had exerted its profound and long-lasting influence on many levels of Chinese society. Turkic sinification policy had induced the Xianbei National Language (XNL), which was Turkic language with selected set of Chinese characters for phonetic spelling. XNL, being spelt in Chinese characters, managed to function in Turkic-Chinese code-mixing in the bilingual communities as evidenced in bianwen 變文. Because of the Turkic politico-socio-economical dominance, some the Turkic elements in the code-mixing eventually gained prominance and have become permanent part of the northern vernacular, predecessor of modern Mandarin. This paper discusses twelve such Turkic-rooted verbal functional expressions: (1). The causative-passive qu 取; (2). Transitive passive sha 殺, sha 煞, si 死; (3). Causative dou 鬥, dou 逗; (4). Continuative hai 還, que 卻; (5). Resultative que 卻; (6). Reflexive nə 呢 (7). Positive indirective mo shi 莫是; (8). Negative indirective bu dao 不道; (9). Future participle cai 才, cai 纔; (10). Conditional yao shi 要是, yao 要, yao bu shi 要不是; (11). INDUCE-base nong 弄; (12). The speech quote verb dao 道.

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Huang, Yayi, i Kluensuwan Parichart. "Impact of Shi Tao Hot Phenomenon on Art Market". International Journal of Religion 5, nr 10 (23.06.2024): 2031–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/3hneab11.

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Shi Tao was a famous artist from the late Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty. His reputation, however, appears to have fluctuated over time. During the Qing Dynasty, Shi Tao’s influence was considered minimal and even marginalized. However, in the period of the Republic of China, he was highly valued and gained great fame. This affluent phenomenon is referred to as the "Shi Tao Hot". Along with this phenomenon, significant changes occurred in Shi Tao's art market. This article aims to examine the development and changes in Shi Tao's art market, thereby understanding some of the impacts brought about by the "Shi Tao Hot".

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Saintonge, Nicolas. "Tcheng Shi, pirate chinoise". Books N° 120, nr 4 (31.05.2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/books.120.0051.

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N., W. H., i Xu Gongchi. "Wei Jin wenxue shi". Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews (CLEAR) 23 (grudzień 2001): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/495518.

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Bergmann, R. B., i F. G. Shi. "Bergmann and Shi Reply:". Physical Review Letters 83, nr 13 (27.09.1999): 2683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.83.2683.

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Davis, Tinsley H. "Profile of Yigong Shi". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111, nr 46 (20.10.2014): 16234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1418405111.

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Kontorovich, Eugene. "United States v. Shi". American Journal of International Law 103, nr 4 (październik 2009): 734–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002930000159883.

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Duarte, Rui, i António Guedes de Oliveira. "Between Shi and Ish". Discrete Mathematics 341, nr 2 (luty 2018): 388–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.disc.2017.09.006.

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Yang, Bingwei Vera. "ChemInform Abstract: Shi Epoxidation". ChemInform 43, nr 20 (23.04.2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201220249.

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Nienhauser, William H., i Li Bincheng Li Bincheng. "Sui Tang Wudai shehui shenghuo shi Sui Tang Wudai shehui shenghuo shi". Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews (CLEAR) 22 (grudzień 2000): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3109460.

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Xiao-bing, Zhao, i Zhao Wenqing. "About the Chinese Book “The Book of Poetry”". Humanitarian Vector 16, nr 1 (luty 2021): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-1-25-34.

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“The Shi Jing’’(‘‘The Book of Poetry”） is one of the first poems in the world, including Chinese poems, from the 11th century BC to the 6th century BC. During this period, about 3 000 verses appeared, of which 305 poems were selected by Confucius. Poetic texts in “The Shi Jing’are divided into three categories: regional songs, odes, hymns. The composition of the poems uses such techniques as Fu, Bi and Xing. These poems constitute the creative source (source) of Chinese poetry. “Fu”，“Bi” and “Xing” are important artistic features of “The Shi Jing”. “Fu”” - direct narration, parallelism. “Bi” is a metaphor, comparison. “Sin” means “stimulation”， it first speaks about others, then about what the poet wants to express. Fu and Bi are the most basic techniques of expression, and Xing is a relatively unique technique in “The Shi Jing”， even in Chinese poetry in general. “The Shi Jing” is an excellent starting point for Chinese literature, which has already reached a very high artistic level from the very beginning. "The Shi Jing” affects almost all aspects of the early social life of ancient China, such as sacrifice, banquet, labor, war, love, marriage, corvee, animals, plants, oppression and resistance, manners and customs, even astronomical phenomena, etc. It became historical value for the study of that society. The overwhelming majority of the poems in “The Shi Jing”reflect the reality, everyday life and everyday experience. There is almost no illusory and supernatural mythical world in it. As the first collection of poetry in China, “The Shi Jing” laid the foundation for the lyrical and realistic tradition of Chinese literature. “The Shi Jing” also has a huge impact on the genre structure and linguistic art of Chinese literature, etc., which is a role model for writers of later generations. “The Shi Jing”has already been translated into the languages of the countries of the world. “The Shi Jing”has been influencing Chinese poetics; it has become the source of the classical realistic tradition and literature in China. Lively description is essential for historical, anthropological and sociological research. We expect that as the cultural ties between China and Russia deepen, as well as the popularization and spread of Chinese-Russian translations, more and more Russian people will read “The Shi Jing”， study “The Shi Jing”， the Russian translation of “The Shi Jing” will improve and play its role as the original classic of Chinese literature. “The Shi Jing”is a book that cannot be read or translated forever. Keywords: “The Shi Jing” （“The Book of Poetry” )， regional songs, odes, hymns, artistic features, Chinese unique cultural value

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40

HaGani, Neta, Samah Hayek, Jalal Tarabeia, Mohammad Yehia i Manfred S. Green. "Fear of catastrophic health expenditures and unrealistic expectations from supplementary health insurance: ethnic differences". International Health 11, nr 4 (9.11.2018): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihy089.

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Abstract Background In Israel, the whole population is covered by comprehensive universal health insurance. Despite that, most of the population purchases supplementary health insurance (SHI). It has been shown that individuals purchase more health insurance and preventive medicine when they are uncertain of their state of health, while a majority may not fully understand basic concepts in their health insurance coverage. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of fear of catastrophic health expenditures and unrealistic expectations in purchasing SHI, which does not cover expenses for life-threatening illnesses. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among random samples of 814 Jews and 800 Arabs in Israel. A structured questionnaire was administered by telephone using random digit dialling. Log-linear regression was used to identify factors associated with reasons for purchasing SHI and expectations from SHI. Results The most common reason for purchasing SHI was fear of catastrophic health-related expenditures (41%). The most important service expected from SHI was ‘cancer medications’ (mean 4.68 [standard deviation 0.87]). Differences in the reasons for purchasing SHI and in expectations from SHI were found according to population group, age, gender and education. Conclusions Consumers’ misconceptions and fear of catastrophic health expenditures are major factors leading to the purchase of SHI, despite universal health coverage. Improved and accessible information should help consumers make informed decisions as to whether or not to purchase SHI.

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Dai, Wenhao, Bingcheng Sheng i Zhen Zhang. "Endogenous Hormone Contents in Standard and Dwarf Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Linn. cv.)". HortScience 31, nr 4 (sierpień 1996): 684e—684. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.684e.

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`Xiao Fang Shi' is a rare, dwarf cultivar of persimmon (Diospyros kaki Linn cv.) recently found north of Shanghai, China. The tree starts to bear fruit at 2 years of age, while standard trees start fruiting at 5 or 6 years of age. Dwarf and standard cultivars have about equal spring shoot growth, but the dwarf cultivar has little fall growth. To determine the mechanisms of dwarfness and early fruiting, enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) was used to analyze the endogenous indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA1+3) and abscicic acid (ABA) contents in leaves and shoot tips of dwarf (`Xiao Fang Shi') and standard (`Da Fang Shi' and `Zhu Sha Hong') persimmon. The measurement was done during the entire growing season. The results showed that IAA, GA1+3, and ABA contents were influenced by cultivars, ages of trees, and phenophases. The dwarf cultivar `Xiao Fang Shi' has lower IAA and GA1+3 but higher ABA contents than the two standard cultivars during the growing season. These correlations are especially evident when the fruit is ripening. The correlation coefficiency between contents of IAA and GA1+3 and tree height was 0.9704, while that between ABA content and tree height is –0.9697. The low IAA and GA, and high ABA contents may be responsible for little shoot growth of the dwarf cultivar in the fall.

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XIN, YARUI, TAO WANG i FUMING SHI. "New genera and species of brachypterous members of the tribe Meconematini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from Hunan, China". Zootaxa 4819, nr 2 (23.07.2020): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4819.2.10.

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In the paper, 2 new genera and 2 new species of Meconematinae in Tettigoniidae are described from southern Hunan, China, i.e. Xiangothaumaspis Xin, Wang & Shi gen. nov., Xiangothaumaspis falcatus Xin, Wang & Shi sp. nov.; Neocosmetura Xin, Wang & Shi gen. nov., Neocosmetura torcha Xin, Wang & Shi sp. nov., and the characteristic photographs are provided.

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SHI, FU-MING, XUN BIAN i YAN-LIN CHANG. "New bushcrickets of the tribe Meconematini (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Meconematinae) from China". Zootaxa 2981, nr 1 (1.08.2011): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2981.1.3.

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Two new genera and two new species of meconematine tettigoniids are described from China, i.e. Sinodecma Shi, Bian & Chang gen. nov., Shoveliteratura Shi, Bian & Chang gen. nov., Sinodecma acuta Shi, Bian & Chang sp. nov. and Shoveliteratura triangula Shi, Bian & Chang sp. nov.. The type specimens are kept in the Museum of Hebei University.

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Wu, Aruna, Shuangshuang Xu i Xiaowen Li. "Transforming by Following Forces: Introducing Chinese Philosophy of SHI and SHUN SHI into Developmental and Educational Psychology". Culture & Psychology 27, nr 3 (26.05.2021): 359–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x211017302.

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Educational intervention has been narrated for a long time as a battle between two agentive subjects, educators and students. In this article, we introduce two interrelating concepts of SHI (势 in Chinese) and SHUN SHI (顺势 in Chinese) from Chinese philosophy into psychology to provide an alternative perspective to understand students’ development and educational intervention. The concept of SHI sheds light on the propensity of open system’s becoming process toward the future underlying system’s present configuration derived from system’s historical interaction with its environment. SHUN SHI is to grasp the opportunity of SHI evolving into being prominent and to transform the system by alertly following its unfolding process. Understanding and applying SHI and SHUN SHI in the area of developmental and educational psychology is discussed and clarified based on a comparison with the dynamic system theory and zone of proximal development. An empirical research is also provided to respond to the method challenge posed by the two concepts.

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Chen, Suning, Yongquan Xue, Yafang Wu, Jinlan Pan i De Pei Wu. "Preliminary Study of Inducing Differentiation and Apoptosis in a Novel Human Acute Monocytic Leukemic Cell Line SHI-1." Blood 106, nr 11 (16.11.2005): 4297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4297.4297.

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Abstract Objective To explore the inducing differentiation and apoptosis in a novel human acute monocytic leukemic cell line SHI-1. Methods Cell morphological analysis, NBT reduction test, the expression of CD11b and CD14, cell cycle analysis and binding of annexinV tested by FCM, DNA electrophoresis were performed to evaluate whether tributyrin (TB), arsenic trioxide (As2O3), and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13 acetate (TPA) could induce the differentiation and apoptosis in the SHI-1 cell line. Results The results of morphological analysis, NBT reduction test, and FCM assay showed that TB could induce differentiation of SHI-1 cells. The SHI-1 cell line presented typical apoptotic evidences including morphology features, DNA ladders and the increased apoptotic rate determined by FCM. Moreover, the SHI-1 cell line presented typical apoptotic morphology after being treated with As2O3. The apoptotic rate of the SHI-1 cell line treated with As2O3 was increased determined by FCM. The expression level of CD14 was upregulated while that of CD11b was unchanged in the SHI-1 cell line. Most of the SHI-1 cells adhered to the flask after being treated with TPA for 24 hours. Conclusions TB may produce dual effects of differentiation and apoptosis. The cell line could be induced to differentiation partially or apoptosis after being treated with 0.5μM, 1.0μM, and 2.0μM As2O3. TPA could induce differentiation and adhesion of the SHI-1 cell line.

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Cheng, Xuan, Hai-Chao Lei, Yu-Jie Yang, Na-Na Fan, Yi-Ming Pan, Jia-Wen Huang, Xu Zhang i En-Huan Du. "OP109 Comparison Of The Health System Establishment Periods In Eighty-Eight Countries". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 34, S1 (2018): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462318001381.

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Introduction:Health system reform is considered a tough issue worldwide. Great efforts have been made toward health system building and strengthening. However, it is still unclear which health system is appropriate for different countries. This study aimed to systematically compare the characteristics of the establishment periods between eighty-eight counties of National Health Service (NHS) and Social Health Insurance (SHI).Methods:Forty-eight NHS countries and forty SHI countries with data availability were selected. The establishment years of current health systems and other eighteen indicators in economics, society, population and health during establishment periods were collected. Comparison between NHS and SHI was conducted by descriptive analysis of every indicator.Results:Most NHS countries were established during the cold war, while SHI had been set up since the cold war ended. The median of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urbanization rate and aging rate of SHI were USD 1535 in current dollars, 58.2 percent and 9.8 percent, respectively; compared with USD 1387, 41.2 percent and 4.7 percent, respectively of NHS. NHS countries had a smaller total population, lower mortality rate and elderly dependency ratio, while the birth rate and children's dependency ratio were higher. SHI countries showed a higher life expectancy and lower mortality rate in infants and children. NHS countries spent less in total health expenditure and a lower proportion of GDP. The median health expenditure per capita of SHI and NHS were USD 188 and USD 131 in current dollars, respectively. There was little difference among maternal mortality rates, and public and private health expenditure proportions.Conclusions:NHS and SHI countries had different characteristics during the health system establishment periods. NHS was established earlier than SHI overall, so that SHI revealed higher levels in economic and social development. Health outcomes of NHS countries were slightly lower than SHI ones, while health expenditure was more in SHI countries. Specific social, economic, demographic and health conditions should be considered when countries are building their own health systems.

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Muhammad., Isah Abdullahi. "Nazari a Kan Mutuwar Harshe". Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 3, nr 01 (15.02.2024): 292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2024.v03i01.033.

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Batun nazarin mutuwar harshe, reshe na Ilimin Walwalar Harshe, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci da ban sha’awa. Duk da yake ko a fagen nazarin kimiyar harshe, batu ne wanda ba ya da farin jini ga manazarta Ilimin Walwalar Harshe. Wannan ya sa bai samu kulawar da ta kamace shi ba, musamman ma wajen manazarta harshen Hausa. Wannan ya sa aka ƙudurci kawo batun a bisa faifan nazari a wannan takarda. Yawancin bayanai da aka yi a wannan nazarin an gina su ne a kan tafarkin bayanin mutuwar harshe na Crystal (2003, 2014). Babban abin da wannan takarda ta mayar wa hankali shi ne, fitowa da nazarin mutuwar harshe a zahiri a riƙa jin ɗuriyarsa a nazarin Hausa. Sakamakon nazari na wannan takarda shi ne fitowa da ma’anar mutuwar harshe da nau’o’insa da matakansa da mizanansa da ra’in nazarinsa da kuma keɓaɓɓun kalmomin nazarin mutuwar harshe. Nazarin yana da manyan sassa huɗu, su ne: Gabatarwa da bayani a kan harshe da mutuwar harshe a ilimin kimiyyar harshe, sai sakamakon nazari da kammalawa.

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Tong, Dong Ge. "Retraction: Monodisperse CuB23 nanoparticles grown on graphene as highly efficient catalysts for unactivated alkyl halide Heck coupling and levulinic acid hydrogenation". Catalysis Science & Technology 9, nr 18 (2019): 5160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cy90078k.

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Retraction of ‘Monodisperse CuB₂₃ nanoparticles grown on graphene as highly efficient catalysts for unactivated alkyl halide Heck coupling and levulinic acid hydrogenation’ by Shi Yan Fu et al., Catal. Sci. Technol., 2015, 5, 1638–1649.

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Mao, Gaohui, Liqin Sun, Jinwen Xu, Yiming Li, Ciren Dunzhu, Liuqiang Zhang i Fei Qian. "Scrodentoids H and I, a Pair of Natural Epimerides from Scrophularia dentata, Inhibit Inflammation through JNK-STAT3 Axis in THP-1 Cells". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (27.07.2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1842347.

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Background. Scrophularia dentata is an important medicinal plant and used for the treatment of exanthema and fever in Traditional Tibetan Medicine. Scrodentoids H and I (SHI), a pair of epimerides of C19-norditerpenoids isolated from Scrophularia dentata, could transfer to each other in room temperature and were firstly reported in our previous work. Here, we first reported the anti-inflammatory effects of SHI on LPS-induced inflammation. Purpose. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory property of SHI, we investigated the effects of SHI on LPS-activated THP-1 cells. Methods. THP-1 human macrophages were pretreated with SHI and stimulated with LPS. Proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 were measured by RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The mechanism of action involving phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, P38, and STAT3 was measured by western Blot. The NF-κB promoter activity was evaluated by Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System in TNF-α stimulated 293T cells. Results. SHI dose-dependently reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. The ability of SHI to reduce production of cytokines is associated with phosphorylation depress of JNK and STAT3 rather than p38, ERK, and NF-κB promoter. Conclusions. Our experimental results indicated that anti-inflammatory effects of SHI exhibit attenuation of LPS-induced inflammation and inhibit activation through JNK/STAT3 pathway in macrophages. These results suggest that SHI might have a potential in treating inflammatory disease.

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Geka, Aoi. "Topicality of the Copula Form Shi in Santa Mongolian". Journal on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 3, nr 4 (1.10.2021): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/jala.v3-i4-a4.

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This paper describes the topicality of the copula form shi in Santa Mongolian, as I analyse both the copula and the environment of shi as a topic marker. While previous scholars have simplified the description of shi by suggesting that it is not important owing to the fact that it is merely borrowed from Chinese, I believe that the larger description and context of shi is quite complex. Drawing on previous work and on my own empirical data, I note that the fact that shi is accompanied by a pronoun but not by an interrogative suggests the possibility of an environment of topicality. Regarding meaning function, I show that the shi is used in attributive predicates, in conditional clauses of conditional sentences, in sentences expressing contrast, and in a kind of emphatic construction or when the subject noun phrase is long. Regarding topicality, I discuss the relationship between 是 and the topic, between the topic and condition and the situation of neighboring Mongolic languages. I also discuss the fact that the shi can act as a topic marker in various permutations with the auxiliary verb wo. With this in mind, I conclude that the shi of Santa Mongolian should be analyzed as a topic marker and not as a copula.

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