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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Dried citrus pulp”

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1

Mba, A. U., E. A. Oruru i V. A. Oyenuga. "Digestion and utilization of citrus by-products by two breeds of West African goats". Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 3, nr 1 (16.01.2021): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v3i1.2589.

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TWELVE young goats, consisting of 6 West African Dwarf (Fouta Djallon), (10.19 to 15.45 kg).and 6 Red Sokoto (Maradi), (9.09 to 14.09 kg), were used throughout the experiment (3 trials). The 12 goats were maintained on basal forage (Cynodon nlemfuensis) in Trial 1 but in Trial 2, they were divided into two groups with two animals per sub-group. Animals in a sub-group were maintained on basal forage plus 25, 50 or 75 % fresh citrus pulp. In Trial 3, six West African Dwarfs were maintained on similar levels as in Trial 2 but using dried citrus pulp. The results showed that protein content of citrus pulp was low (6%) with high crude fibre value of 15% high moisture content (84%), and high nitrogen-free extractive (NFE) value (57%). Dry matter (DM) intakes of basal forage ration were higher than those of mixtures of basal forage and fresh citrus pulp (P < 0.01) due probably to high moisture content of the pulp, because the DM intakes of dried pulp mixtures were higher than those of basal rations (P < 0.01). The rations with 50% fresh or dried pulp was consumed more than the other mixture. Fresh pulp significantly depressed nutrient digestibilities at all levels of supplementation relative to basal forage (P < 0.05), while those of dried samples were about the same with the values for the basal ration. Red Sokoto and West African dwarf goats retained 39.29 and 41.34g/N/100g/N consumed respectively when fed on forage only, but 11.43 and 17.03, 14 11 and -14.22, -2.48 and 15.23g N/100g N consumed respectively when fed on grass/fresh citrus mixtures. The corresponding N retention for West African dwarf goats were 38.51, 31.86 and 40.01g N/100g N when fed the forage dried citrus mixtures. The digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) intakes for these animals were optimal at the 25 and 50% citrus supplementation. There was highly significant correlation between ME intake and liveweight changes throughout the experiment (P <0.01]). Animals fed on forage fresh pulp mixtures lost weights (-0.59 <0.01 kg/ animal/week) in Trial 2, while those on forage-dried citrus mixtures gained weights (0.05 <03 kg/ animal/week) in Trial 3.

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2

Rahman, Abdur, Huma Kalsoom, Sadia Khanum, Muhammad Sajid, Muhammad Zaman Zahid, Zafar Hayat, Akhtar Rasool Asif i in. "Evaluation of Dried Citrus Pulp Addition to Total Mixed Ration in Replacement to Corn on Mutton Goat Performance and Health Indices". Sustainability 15, nr 8 (13.04.2023): 6584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15086584.

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Due to the human population explosion, demand for food, especially meat, has also increased. Increasing mutton production, in this scenario, is one way to mitigate this emerging issue as it nourishes a large human population. However, its production is challenging due to high feeding costs. This study was executed to develop cost-effective feed for mutton goat production by adding dried citrus pulp to the total mixed ration. Citrus pulp was used as an energy source instead of corn grain. A total of 12 bucks were divided into 4 groups, each having 3 animals. After 21 days of adaptation, bucks were assigned to experimental groups. The experimental groups were designated as A, B, C and D. They were fed TMR with 0, 10, 15 and 20% dried citrus pulp, respectively, as a replacement for corn grain for 90 days. The effect of the dried citrus pulp inclusion on the bucks’ growth performance such as feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was evaluated on weekly basis. Hematological and biochemical parameters including total protein, triglycerides, cholesterol, complete blood count and serum antioxidant (catalase) activity were also determined. Results indicated that all hematological and biochemical parameters showed non-significant differences among the control and treatment groups. Weekly weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were equal in corn based as well as in dried citrus pulp-based diet with a lower feeding cost for the latter. It is concluded that the use of dried citrus pulp up to 20% as a replacement of corn in ration of fattening bucks is economical to use without any adverse effects.

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3

Lei, Xin Jian, Yong Min Kim i In Ho Kim. "Effects of dried citrus pulp and fermented medicinal plants on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, and meat quality in growing–finishing pigs". Canadian Journal of Animal Science 98, nr 4 (1.12.2018): 875–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2017-0170.

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The present experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dried citrus pulp and fermented medicinal plants in growing–finishing pigs. A total of 96 pigs (62.34 ± 1.96 kg body weight) were randomly allotted into three dietary treatments: (1) control, basal diet (CON); (2) diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp (DCP); (3) diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp supplemented with 0.1% fermented medicinal plants (DCPFMP). From weeks 0 to 5 and 0 to 10, pigs fed the DCPFMP diet had significantly decreased (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake and increased (P < 0.05) gain:feed ratio compared with those fed the CON diet. The apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy was greater (P < 0.05), and serum total cholesterol concentration was decreased (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the DCPFMP diet compared with those fed the DCP diet in week 10. In addition, an increase (P < 0.05) in Longissimus muscle area was observed for pigs fed the DCPFMP diet compared with those fed the CON diet. In conclusion, supplementation with fermented medicinal plants in a diet containing 10% dried citrus pulp improved growth performance and Longissimus muscle area and lowered serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol concentrations.

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4

Yeatter, Haley, Beth B. Kegley, Reagan N. Cauble, Jana Reynolds, Ben P. Shoulders i Jeremy G. Powell. "PSXV-22 Effect of inclusion of dried citrus pulp in the receiving supplement for newly received stocker cattle". Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (8.10.2021): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.593.

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Abstract Citrus pulp is a source of flavonoids which have been found to have antioxidant properties. Thus, the objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of feeding dried citrus pulp on performance of newly received calves. Crossbred beef heifers (n = 254, initial body weight = 248 ± 5.9 kg) were obtained on 3 dates (block, 8 pens/block). Treatments were: 1) a corn and distillers’ grains based receiving supplement (control) or 2) a receiving supplement that contained 20% dried citrus pulp (replacing a portion of the corn). Upon arrival from regional livestock markets, cattle had access to hay and water and rested overnight then were processed the next day in which they received an identification tag, were vaccinated with a clostridial and a 5-way modified live bovine respiratory viral, dewormed, weighed, branded, and ear notched for detection of persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. Each truckload was assigned randomly to pens resulting in 8 pens with 9 to 12 heifers/pen. Pens were assigned randomly to 1 of the 2 treatments. Cattle were offered bermudagrass hay and water for ad libitum intake and were offered up to 1.8 kg/day of their appropriate receiving supplement. Overall average daily gain for the 42-day receiving period was increased (P < 0.01) for calves fed the supplement that included dried citrus pulp (1.01 kg/day) compared to the calves fed the control supplement (0.90 kg/day). However, the percentage of calves treated for clinical bovine respiratory disease was increased (P < 0.05) for calves fed the citrus pulp containing supplement (14% morbidity) compared to control calves (7% morbidity). The supplementation of dried citrus pulp to calves improved growth performance, but did not reduce the incidence of clinical bovine respiratory disease during the receiving period; however, clinical morbidity was low for both treatments.

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5

Bayat, J., R. J. Valizadeh, F. Eftekhari Shahroudi, A. A. Naserian, A. Tahmasebi i R. Safari. "Effects of substitution barley grain with dried citrus pulp on performance of Holstein dairy cows". Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (kwiecień 2007): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200020937.

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Dried citrus pulp (DCP) as a by-product from juice extraction of citrus fruit can be used as a feedstuff for ruminant animals (Belbaskis and Tsirgogianni, 1996). The DCP is composed of peel, inside portions, and culled fruits of the citrus family (e.g., orange, lemons, and grapefruit). The DCP is a pectin-rich bulky concentrate that is rich source of energy, fibre and calcium, but poor in CP and phosphorous. There is a different of opinion among researchers about the effect of DCP on milk yield, milk composition and blood metabolites components. The main objective of this experiment was to evaluated effects replacement of dried citrus pulp with barley grain on milk yield, milk composition and blood metabolites of dairy cows.

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6

de Evan, Trinidad, Almudena Cabezas, Jesús de la Fuente Vázquez i María Dolores Carro. "Feeding Agro-Industrial By-Products to Light Lambs: Influence on Meat Characteristics, Lipid Oxidation, and Fatty Acid Profile". Animals 10, nr 9 (3.09.2020): 1572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091572.

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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of replacing 44% of conventional feeds in a high-cereal concentrate (CON) with by-products (BYP concentrate; 18% corn distillers dried grains with solubles, 18% dried citrus pulp, and 8% exhausted olive cake) on the meat characteristics and fatty acid (FA) profile of fattening light lambs. Two groups of 12 Lacaune lambs were fed concentrate and barley straw ad libitum from 13.8 to 26.0 kg of body weight. There were no differences (p ≥ 0.130) between groups in the pH, chemical composition, color, and texture parameters and in the estimated proportions of pigments in the longissimus dorsi. Feeding the BYP concentrate reduced the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the meat after 6 days of refrigerated storage (unmodified atmosphere), probably due to the greater polyphenol content in this concentrate. Compared with CON-fed lambs, the meat and the subcutaneous fat from BYP-fed lambs had lower saturated and greater polyunsaturated FA content as well as greater n-6/n-3 FA. In summary, feeding a blend of corn distiller dried grains with solubles, dried citrus pulp, and exhausted olive cake did not change the composition of the meat but improved its antioxidant status and FA profile.

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7

De Blas, J. Carlos, Pablo Ferrer, Carlos Alberto Rodríguez, Alba Cerisuelo, Paloma García-Rebollar, Salvador Calvet i Carlos Farias. "Nutritive value of citrus co-products in rabbit feeding". World Rabbit Science 26, nr 1 (28.03.2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2018.7699.

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Pulps from different citrus fruits are relevant agro-industrial co-products in the Mediterranean area in terms of amounts produced and availability. Moreover, part of the product is dehydrated, which increases its interest in monogastric species such as rabbits. Seventy eight samples from various Spanish producers using several types of fresh fruits (orange, tangerine, lemon and pomelo) and different processing methods of orange and tangerine samples (either fresh or dried after adding Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>) were analysed for their chemical composition and <em>in vitro</em> digestibility. Average dry matter (DM) contents of ash, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, acid detergent lignin (ADL), soluble fibre, crude protein (CP), insoluble neutral and acid detergent CP, ether extract and gross energy were 49.0, 226, 139, 12.1, 213, 71.2, 13.1, 4.2, 30.5 g and 17.8 MJ/kg DM, respectively. Mean DM and CP <em>in vitro</em> digestibility were 86.7 and 95.6%, respectively. Digestible energy was estimated to be 15.1 MJ/kg DM. A high variability (coefficient of variation from 17% for CP to 60% for ADL) was observed among the samples for most of the traits studied, which was partially explained by the effects of type of fruit and processing. Lemon pulps had on average higher ash and fibre but lower sugar contents than the other pulps. Dehydration processes increased ash content (almost double than for fresh pulp) due to lime addition. As regards the current results, citrus pulp has potential for use in rabbit diets as a source of energy and soluble fibre.

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Cheek, Robin A., E. B. Kegley, Reagan A. Cauble, Jana L. Reynolds, Ben P. Shoulders, Kirsten A. Midkiff i J. G. Powell. "127 Effect of Inclusion of Dried Citrus Pulp in the Receiving Supplement for Newly Received Stocker Cattle". Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_1 (8.03.2022): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac028.070.

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Abstract The objective of this experiment was to further investigate effects of feeding dried citrus pulp (DCP) to cattle. Crossbred beef heifers (n = 167, initial body weight = 266 ± 1.8 kg) arriving on 2 delivery dates were used in a 42-day receiving trial. Heifers were processed after arrival and placed randomly into 8 pens on each delivery date (10 or 11 heifers/pen; total of 16 pens). Each pen was assigned randomly to 1 of the 2 supplements. Dietary treatments were: 1) a corn and distillers’ grains based receiving supplement (control), or 2) an identical receiving supplement except it contained 20% dried citrus pulp (replacing a portion of the corn). Heifers had access to bermudagrass hay and water for ad libitum intake, but were only offered up to 1.8 kg/day of their appropriate receiving supplement. Cattle were observed daily for clinical bovine respiratory disease (BRD), if presenting symptoms of BRD and if rectal temperature was ≥ 40° C; cattle were treated according to a standard preplanned protocol with antibiotic and deemed morbid. Weights were recorded on day 0, 14, 28, 41, and 42. Statistical analyses were performed by using the Mixed and GenMod procedures of SAS 9.4 with treatment as the fixed effect and delivery date as a random effect. Dietary treatment had no effect on body weight on any day, or on the overall average daily gain (ADG; P > 0.54). Heifers fed the control supplement had a greater ADG from day 28 to 42 (P = 0.07) compared to those fed DCP. Incidence of morbidity was not affected by DCP supplementation (P = 0.53). In conclusion, feeding dried citrus pulp in receiving supplements resulted in similar overall average daily gain and did not affect the incidence of bovine respiratory disease within the 42-day receiving period.

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Guzmán, José Luis, Manuel Delgado Pertíñez, Hortensia Galán Soldevilla, Pilar Ruiz Pérez-Cacho, Oliva Polvillo Polo, Luis Ángel Zarazaga i Carmen Avilés Ramírez. "Effect of Citrus By-product on Physicochemical Parameters, Sensory Analysis and Volatile Composition of Different Kinds of Cheese from Raw Goat Milk". Foods 9, nr 10 (8.10.2020): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9101420.

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The increased use of concentrates to reduce pasture as a feed source in productive systems like Payoya breed goat farms has made it necessary to decrease feeding costs. The inclusion of agro-industry by-products such as dry orange pulp pellets in goat diets has been suggested as a sustainable alternative to cereal-based concentrates. The aim of this work was to assess the influence of diets including dry orange pulp pellets on the quality of cheeses traditionally made from Payoya breed goat milk. We analysed the physicochemical characteristics, sensory properties and volatile compound profiles of 18 artisanal cheeses made from raw Payoya milk. In this study, goats were fed with different concentrations of dry orange pulp; and cheeses were curdled with animal and vegetable coagulants. Slight differences were detected between some cheeses. However, the use of citrus by-products in the Payoya goat diets did not substantially affect the cheeses’ physicochemical properties, olfactory attributes, or volatile profiles. Therefore, dried citrus pulp can be used as a substitute for cereal concentrates without affecting the distinct properties of these ripened raw goat milk cheeses.

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Arbabi, S., T. Ghoorchi i A. A. Naserian. "The Effect of Dried Citrus Pulp, Dried Beet Sugar Pulp and Wheat Straw as Silage Additives on By-Products of Orange Silage". Asian Journal of Animal Sciences 2, nr 2 (15.03.2008): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajas.2008.35.42.

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Arbabi, S., T. Ghoorchi i A. A. Naserian. "The Effect of Dried Citrus Pulp, Dried Beet Sugar Pulp and Wheat Straw as Silage Additives on By-Products of Orange Silage*". Asian Journal of Animal Sciences 4, nr 3 (15.06.2010): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajas.2010.141.148.

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12

Nwosu, A. N., B. C. Nweze i A. I. Onwuchekwa. "Chemical composition of biscuits supplemented with orange peel and pulp flours". Agro-Science 21, nr 2 (21.06.2022): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/as.v21i2.3.

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Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) fruits were washed, peeled manually, the juice was extracted using kitchen juice extractor and the seeds were removed. The peels were separated from the pulps and sliced into thin slices of about 2 cm thick, sun dried separately till constant weight was achieved. They were milled and sieved to obtain orange peel and orange pulp flours, respectively. The orange peel and pulp flours were used to substitute 10% wheat flour. Biscuits were produced from the flour blends and 100% wheat biscuit was produced and evaluated for chemical composition (proximate analysis, mineral and phytochemical compositions). The results showed that the orange pulp biscuit was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in moisture and fibre, while orange peel biscuit was higher in ash. The pulp and peel biscuits had lower levels in fat, protein, carbohydrate and energy content. There were no differences (p > 0.05) in mineral content of the orange peel and pulp biscuits, though higher values were recorded for calcium and sodium when compared to 100% wheat biscuit. The orange peel biscuit had higher (p < 0.05) levels of all the phytochemicals (saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, anthocyanins and carotenoids) assessed. Edible biscuits can be produced from blends of wheat and sweetorange peel and pulp flours which are sources of bioactive compounds that possess nutraceutical properties.

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García-Rodríguez, Jairo, Cristina Saro, Iván Mateos, Jesús S. González, María Dolores Carro i María José Ranilla. "Effects of Replacing Extruded Maize by Dried Citrus Pulp in a Mixed Diet on Ruminal Fermentation, Methane Production, and Microbial Populations in Rusitec Fermenters". Animals 10, nr 8 (30.07.2020): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10081316.

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Citrus pulp is a highly abundant by-product of the citrus industry. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of replacing extruded maize (EM; 20% of total diet) by dried citrus pulp (DCP; 20%) in a mixed diet on rumen fermentation and microbial populations in Rusitec fermenters. The two diets contained 50% alfalfa hay and 50% concentrate, and the same protein level. Four Rusitec fermenters were used in a cross-over design with two 13-d incubation runs. After 7-d of diet adaptation, diet disappearance, fermentation parameters, microbial growth, and microbial populations were assessed. Fermenters receiving the DCP showed greater pH values and fiber disappearance (p < 0.001) and lower methane production (p = 0.03) than those fed EM. Replacing EM by DCP caused an increase in the proportions of propionate and butyrate (p < 0.001) and a decrease in acetate (p = 0.04). Microbial growth, bacterial diversity, and the quantity of bacteria and protozoa DNA were not affected by the diet, but the relative abundances of fungi and archaea were greater (p < 0.03) in solid and liquid phases of DCP fermenters, respectively. Results indicate that DCP can substitute EM, promoting a more efficient ruminal fermentation.

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Bruchem, J. van, S. M. G. Rouwers, G. A. Bangma, C. P. Leffering i P. W. M. van Adrichem. "Digestion of proteins of varying degradability in sheep. 1. Fermentation in and rate of passage from the reticulorumen." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 33, nr 3 (1.08.1985): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v33i3.16840.

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Sugarbeet pulp, citrus pulp, sugarbeet molasses and minerals and vitamins were mixed with different amounts of groundnut expeller, potato protein, peas or dried brewers' grains to give 6 concentrates with protein solubility from 7 to 51%. The concentrates (600 g daily) were given with rye grass (300 g daily) to 2 Texel wethers weighing about 70 kg with a cannula in the dorsal rumen sac. With increasing degradability of protein, rumen fermentation was less stable, the diurnal variation and content of ammonia in rumen fluid were increased, the ratio of non-glucogenic to glucogenic volatile fatty acids decreased and the dilution rate of rumen fluid increased. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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15

Kim, S. C., A. T. Adesogan i J. D. Arthington. "Optimizing nitrogen utilization in growing steers fed forage diets supplemented with dried citrus pulp". Journal of Animal Science 85, nr 10 (1.10.2007): 2548–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0059.

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Bruchem, J. van, S. M. G. Rouwers, G. A. Bangma, S. C. W. Lammers-Weinhoven i P. W. M. van Adrichem. "Digestion of proteins of varying degradability in sheep. 2. Amount and composition of the protein entering the small intestine." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 33, nr 3 (1.08.1985): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v33i3.16841.

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Sugarbeet pulp, citrus pulp, sugarbeet molasses and minerals and vitamins were mixed with different amounts of groundnut expeller, potato protein, peas or dried brewers' grains to give 6 concentrates with protein solubility from 7 to 51%. The concentrates (600 g daily) were given with rye grass (300 g daily) to 2 mature Texel wethers with an infusion tube into the abomasum and cannulae in the cranial duodenum and terminal ileum. Degradation of dietary protein in the rumen and synthesis of microbial protein were estimated from diaminopimelic acid and amino acid profiles. The extent of protein degradation in the rumen was almost independent of dietary protein content but varied with the nature of the diet. Degradability decreased in the order, groundnut expeller and peas, brewers' grains, potato protein. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Brito, Kátia Davi, Josenildo Isidro Santos Filho, Henrique Bruno Lima, Emmanuel Paixao Neto i Flávia Cristina dos Santos Lima. "Estudo experimental do limão Tahiti (Citrus latifólia Tanaka): composição físico-química e de minerais da polpa in natura e do resíduo albedo". Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB 1, nr 37 (21.12.2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-03062015v1n37p64-70.

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<p>The present work aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical and mineral parameters of the in natura pulp and the albedo residue of the Tahiti lemon. The pulp was extracted on a stainless steel horizontal removing device and refined in a sieve with a mesh size less than 1.0 mm. The albedo residue was separated and manually dried in a kiln with forced air circulation at a temperature of 55 ± 2°C until constant mass. The physico-chemical analyzes for the pulp in natura were: total solids (TS), soluble solids (°Brix), titratable acidity (TA), pH, vitamin C, total and reducing sugars, moisture, ashes and water activity. For the dry albedo, moisture, pH, ashes, water activity, protein, reducing sugars (RS) and pectin were evaluated. The mineral constituents consisted on the evaluation of the centesimal composition of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) for the in natura pulp and dry albedo residue of Tahiti lemon. Regarding the physical-chemical and mineral quality parameters, results were satisfactory. Therefore, the study of Tahiti lemon provided essential information on the availability of nutrients, so as to provide the consumer with new products derived from the Tahiti lemon and also to add economic value to the fruit.</p>

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CALLAWAY, TODD R., JEFFERY A. CARROLL, JOHN D. ARTHINGTON, TOM S. EDRINGTON, MICHELLE L. ROSSMAN, MANDY A. CARR, NATHAN A. KRUEGER, STEVEN C. RICKE, PHIL CRANDALL i DAVID J. NISBET. "Escherichia coli O157:H7 Populations in Ruminants Can Be Reduced by Orange Peel Product Feeding†". Journal of Food Protection 74, nr 11 (1.11.2011): 1917–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-234.

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Foodborne pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 are threats to the safety of beef. Citrus peel and dried orange pulp are by-products from citrus juice production that have natural antimicrobial effects and are often incorporated into least-cost ration formulations for beef and dairy cattle. This study was designed to determine if orange peel and pulp affected E. coli O157:H7 populations in vivo. Sheep (n = 24) were fed a cracked corn grain–based diet that was supplemented with a 50-50 mixture of dried orange pellet and fresh orange peel to achieve a final concentration (dry matter basis, wt/wt) of 0, 5, or 10% pelleted orange peel (OP) for 10 days. Sheep were artificially inoculated with 1010 CFU of E. coli O157:H7 by oral dosing. Fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 was measured daily for 5 days after inoculation, after which all animals were humanely euthanized. At 96 h postinoculation, E. coli O157:H7 shedding was reduced (P < 0.05) in sheep fed 10% OP. Populations of inoculated E. coli O157:H7 were reduced by OP treatment throughout the gastrointestinal tract; however, this reduction reached significant levels in the rumen (P < 0.05) of sheep fed 10% OP diets. Cecal and rectal populations of E. coli O157:H7 were reduced (P <0.05) by inclusion of both 5 and 10% OP diets. Our results demonstrate that orange peel products can be used as a preharvest intervention strategy as part of an integrated pathogen reduction scheme.

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Bruchem, J. van, L. J. G. M. Bongers, J. D. van Walsem, W. Onck i P. W. M. van Adrichem. "Digestion of proteins of varying degradability in sheep. 3. Apparent and true digestibility in the small intestine and ileal endogenous flow of N and amino acids." Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 33, nr 3 (1.08.1985): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/njas.v33i3.16842.

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Sugarbeet pulp, citrus pulp, sugarbeet molasses and minerals and vitamins were mixed with different amounts of groundnut expeller, potato protein, peas or dried brewers' grains to give 6 concentrates with protein solubility from 7 to 51%. The concentrates (600 g daily) were given with rye grass (300 g daily) to 2 Texel wethers with an infusion tube into the abomasum and with cannulae in the cranial duodenum and terminal ileum. Apparent digestibility of amino acid nitrogen in the small intestine was 57.0 to 73.2% and increased with increasing amounts of protein entering the small intestine. Mean true digestibility in the small intestine was 90.3%. Apparent and true digestibilities of individual amino acids varied considerably. Of protein leaving the small intestine 75% was endogenous (non-ammonia N 321 mg/kg0.75 daily). (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Ahooei, G. R., A. R. Foroughi, A. M. Tahmasbi, A. R. Shahdadi i R. Vakili. "Effects of Different Levels of Dried Citrus Pulp and Urea on Performance of Fattening Male Calves". Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 10, nr 14 (1.12.2011): 1811–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2011.1811.1816.

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Almeida, V. V., A. J. C. NuÒez, P. V. A. Alvarenga, F. R. Castelini, Y. V. Silva-Guillen i M. C. Thomaz. "191 Impact of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp contents on gut morphology of weanling pigs". Journal of Animal Science 94, suppl_2 (1.04.2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/msasas2016-191.

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Belibasakis, N. G., i D. Tsirgogianni. "Effects of dried citrus pulp on milk yield, milk composition and blood components of dairy cows". Animal Feed Science and Technology 60, nr 1-2 (lipiec 1996): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00927-2.

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Steyn, L., R. Meeske i C. W. Cruywagen. "Replacing maize grain with dried citrus pulp in a concentrate feed for Jersey cows grazing ryegrass pasture". South African Journal of Animal Science 47, nr 4 (19.09.2017): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v47i4.14.

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Hon, F. M., O. I. A. Oluremi i F. O. I. Anugwa. "The Effect of Dried Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Fruit Pulp Meal on the Growth Performance of Rabbits". Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 8, nr 8 (15.07.2009): 1150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2009.1150.1155.

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Gholizadeh, H., i A. A. Naserian. "The Effects of Replacing Dried Citrus Pulp with Barley Grain on the Performance of Iranian Saanen Kids". Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 9, nr 15 (1.12.2010): 2053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/javaa.2010.2053.2056.

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Gholizadeh, H., i A. A. Naserian. "The Effects of Replacing Dried Citrus Pulp with Barley Grain on the Performance of Iranian Saanen Kids". Research Journal of Animal Sciences 4, nr 1 (1.01.2010): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjnasci.2010.35.39.

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Luciano, G., V. Roscini, S. Mattioli, S. Ruggeri, R. S. Gravador, A. Natalello, M. Lanza, A. De Angelis i A. Priolo. "Vitamin E is the major contributor to the antioxidant capacity in lambs fed whole dried citrus pulp". Animal 11, nr 3 (2017): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1751731116001683.

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Niknafs Dehghani, Zahra, Omidali Esmaeilipour, Rouhollah Mirmahmoudi i Saeed Aminzadeh. "Effect of Pectinase and Dried Citrus Pulp on Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Intestinal Characteristics of Broiler Chickens". Research on Animal Production 8, nr 16 (1.11.2017): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/rap.8.16.21.

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Ortutu, Stella Chintua, i Matthew Olaleke Aremu. "Antioxidant Capacity and Free Radical Scavenging Effects on Nigerian Pineapple (Ananas cormosus) and Orange (Citrus sinensis) Pulp Extracts at Different Levels of Ripeness". Open Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal 3, nr 1 (5.05.2016): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874844901603010025.

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Background: There is a need to shift interest from the use of synthetic antioxidants which are harmful to the use of natural antioxidants from fruits and vegetables for the prevention of lipid oxidation. Objective: The total polyphenols, flavonoids, lipid-soluble antioxidants (CALT) and radical scavenging ability of the pulp extracts of pineapple (Ananas cormosus) and orange (Citrus sinensis) were investigated at different maturation stages for the purpose of determining their antioxidant capacity and the possibility of using these fruits at every maturation stage for the prevention of lipid oxidation. Methods: The pulps of these fruits were extracted at different levels of ripeness; unripe (UR), about to ripe (AR) and ripe (RP). The extracted pulps were freeze-dried and used for the analysis. The total phenol content was determined by spectrophotometry (Folic Ciocalteu’s method) while 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used for the radical scavenging ability. The various antioxidant capacities were compared with standard antioxidants such as gallic acid, rutin, α-tocophenol and ascorbic acid. Results: The results showed that the two edible fruits investigated at different levels of ripeness possess high quality antioxidants (those that can scavenge free radicals, function as metal chelators or donate hydrogen atoms). Radical scavenging ability of the fruit pulps was significantly affected (P < 0.05) by the different level of ripeness. Conclusion: The unripe fruits had the highest antioxidant properties suggesting that the antioxidant capacity of the fruits decreased as the fruits ripened.

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Ocampos Olmedo, Diego Avilio, Diego Medina, Luis Alberto Alonzo Griffith i Carlos Alberto Lezcano. "Replacing corn by dried citrus pulp in diets for lambs: productive performance and characteristics of non-carcass components". Investigación Agraria 20, nr 1 (30.06.2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18004/investig.agrar.2018.junio.1-10.

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Chae, Hyun-Seok, Nam-Young Kim, In-Chul Cho, Sang-Rae Cho, Won-Mo Cho, Yong-Sang Park, Shin-Ae Oh, Aera Jang, Pil-Nam Seong i Moon-Suck Ko. "Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Dried-Citrus Pulp and Wheat Bran on Growth and Meat Quality in Horses". Journal of Animal Science and Technology 55, nr 3 (30.06.2013): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5187/jast.2013.55.3.219.

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Fegeros, Kostas, George Zervas, Spyridoula Stamouli i Eleni Apostolaki. "Nutritive Value of Dried Citrus Pulp and Its Effect on Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Lactating Ewes". Journal of Dairy Science 78, nr 5 (maj 1995): 1116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(95)76728-5.

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Sharif, M., M. S. Ashraf, N. Mushtaq, H. Nawaz, M. I. Mustafa, F. Ahmad, M. Younas i A. Javaid. "Influence of varying levels of dried citrus pulp on nutrient intake, growth performance and economic efficiency in lambs". Journal of Applied Animal Research 46, nr 1 (13.05.2017): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2017.1294540.

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Fonseca, A. J. M., A. A. Dias-da-Silva i A. L. G. Lourenço. "Effects of maize and citrus-pulp supplementation of urea-treated wheat straw on intake and productivity in female lambs". Animal Science 73, nr 1 (kwiecień 2001): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800058124.

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AbstractTwo experiments with lambs given food indoors and individually penned were designed to study the effects of different levels of ground maize and citrus pulp as supplements of a diet based on urea-treated straw (5 kg urea per 100 kg straw) offered ad libitum over a period of 16 weeks (experiment 1) or 10 weeks (experiment 2). The voluntary intake, live-weight gain (LWG), organic matter digestibility (OMD), urinary allantoin-nitrogen (UAN) excretion and acetate clearance rate were measured. The lambs were blocked on weight and randomly assigned to the treatments described below. Ruminal outflow rate of the solid and liquid phases from the rumen were also measured in experiment 2.In experiment 1, 20 female lambs from the Ile-de-France breed, with an initial live weight (LW) of 43 (s.e. 3·3) kg were used. Wheat straw (WS) was supplemented with 50 g/kg of fish meal (FM) and with 0, 100, 200 or 300 g/kg of ground maize on a dry-matter (DM) basis (M0, M1, M2 and M3, respectively). In experiment 2, 25 female lambs from the Portuguese breed Churra-da-Terra-Quente, with an initial LW of 24·2 (s.e. 4·3) kg were used. The straw was offered ad libitum during 10 weeks and supplemented with 50 g/kg of FM and 0, 100, 200, 300, or 400 g/kg of dried citrus pulp on a DM basis (CP0, CP1, CP2, CP3 and CP4, respectively).During the experiments, all animals were moved to metabolism cages to measure OMD and UAN excretion. Two additional incubation studies were carried out with rumen fistulated rams (experiment 1) or cows (experiment 2) given the diets described above close to the maintenance feeding level.In experiment 1 daily straw DM intake linearly decreased (P < 0·05) from 21·6 to 17·7 g/kg LW and LWG linearly increased (P < 0·05) from 51 to 154 g/day for treatments M0, M1, M2 and M3, respectively. The rate of straw DM degradation was significantly decreased (P < 0·01) by maize supplementation. Straw OMD (kg/kg) was 0·562, 0·583, 0·547 and 0·520 and UAN (mg/day) was 620, 790, 854 and 859 for treatments M0, M1, M2 and M3, respectively. Acetate clearance rate, increased (P < 0·05) as the level of maize inclusion increased.In experiment 2 daily straw DM intake was 23·3, 25·8, 24·7, 23·5 and 18·6 g/kg LW per day and LWG was –9, 28, 44, 64 and 67 g/day for treatments CP0, CP1, CP2, CP3 and CP4, respectively. Supplementation significantly increased LWG (P < 0·001) but at the 400 g/kg level depressed straw DM intake. Straw OMD linearly decreased (P < 0·05) from 0·484 (CP0) to 0·428 (CP4) g/kg and UAN (mg/day) was 181, 303, 363, 384 and 392 for treatments CP0, CP1, CP2, CP3 and CP4, respectively. Rumen outflow rate of fibre particles was unaffected by supplementation while the outflow of liquid phase tended to be increased (P < 0·10). The rate of DM degradation was significantly reduced (P < 0·01) by citrus-pulp inclusion. Acetate clearance rate was unaffected (P > 0·05) by citrus-pulp supplementation.The results of these experiments demonstrate that supplementation of urea-treated straw with ground maize up to 200 g/kg or with citrus pulp up to 300 g/kg of the diet DM increased or did not depress straw intake, increased the supply of microbial protein and have no significant effect on straw digestibility. The efficiency of utilization of absorbed energy was apparently improved by maize but not by citrus-pulp supplementation.

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ONI, O. O., O. M. O, IDOWU, J. A. OLANITE i A. M. BAMGBOSE. "NUTRIENT INTAKE, GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS YIELD OF WEANER RABBITS FED GRADED LEVELS OF DRIED CITRUS (C. sinensis) PULP". Journal of Agricultural Science and Environment 15, nr 1 (2.03.2016): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51406/jagse.v15i1.1474.

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A study was conducted to investigate the response of weaner rabbits to graded dietary replacement of wheat offal with dried citrus pulp (DCP) at 0, 10, 20 and 30% (weight/weight) respectively .A total of Sixty-four, male and female weaner rabbits of 56 days old, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with sixteen rabbits each and consisting of four rabbits per replicate in a completely ran- domized design. The study lasted for 112 days during which data was obtained on nutrient intake, performance characteristics and carcass yield. The crude protein intake of the rabbits decreased (P<0.05) significantly as the DCP inclusion in the diets increased. There were significant (P<0.01) differences in the values obtained for the final weight, total weight gain, average weight gain, meta- bolic weight gain and growth rate across the treatment groups. The growth rate was 10.29 g/d in the control fed rabbits but further decreased with increasing level of DCP in the diets with values of 11.29, 6.30 and 5.80g/d obtained respectively for rabbit fed with 10%, 20%, and 30% DCP inclusion level. The lowest feed conversion ratio was obtained at the 0% level of DCP inclusion. The retail cut parts indicated a significant (P<0.05) difference in the values for rack and ranged from 11.92 to 18.06g. It was concluded that although, rabbits fed with control diet had the highest overall performance, 10% dietary inclusion of DCP supported improved growth and better carcass yield.

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Salami, Saheed A., Michael N. O'Grady, Giuseppe Luciano, Alessandro Priolo, Mark McGee, Aidan P. Moloney i Joseph P. Kerry. "Quality indices and sensory attributes of beef from steers offered grass silage and a concentrate supplemented with dried citrus pulp". Meat Science 168 (październik 2020): 108181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108181.

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Caparra, P., F. Foti, M. Scerra, M. C. Sinatra i V. Scerra. "Solar-dried citrus pulp as an alternative energy source in lamb diets: Effects on growth and carcass and meat quality". Small Ruminant Research 68, nr 3 (kwiecień 2007): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.11.015.

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de Evan, Trinidad, Almudena Cabezas, Jesús de la Fuente i María Dolores Carro. "Feeding Agroindustrial Byproducts to Light Lambs: Influence on Growth Performance, Diet Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance, Ruminal Fermentation, and Plasma Metabolites". Animals 10, nr 4 (1.04.2020): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10040600.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of replacing cereals and protein concentrates in a high-cereal concentrate (control) for light lambs with corn distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS; 18%), dried citrus pulp (DCP; 18%), and exhausted olive cake (EOC; 8%) in a byproduct (BYP) concentrate on growth performance, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and plasma metabolites. Two homogeneous groups of Lacaune lambs (13.8 kg ± 0.25 kg) were fed one of each concentrates and barley straw ad libitum until reaching about 26 kg body weight. There were no differences between groups on feed intake, average daily gain, or feed conversion ratio, but the control diet had greater (p < 0.001) dry matter digestibility. Diet had no effect on post-mortem ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acid concentrations and profile, but NH3-N concentrations were lower (p = 0.003) for the BYP-fed group compared with the control one. However, plasma concentrations of amino acids, total proteins, urea, and hepatic enzymes were not affected by the diet. In conclusion, 44% of feed ingredients in the concentrate for light lambs can be replaced with a mixture of corn DDGS, DCP, and EOC without negatively affecting growing performance and animal health.

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Marín-Arroyo, María Remedios, i Sofía Marcela González-Bonilla. "Sensory Characterization and Acceptability of a New Lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) Powder-Based Soluble Beverage Using Rapid Evaluation Techniques with Consumers". Foods 11, nr 19 (8.10.2022): 3129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11193129.

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Recently, the interest in tropical fruits has increased widely even beyond their production areas, but the perishable nature of these fruits makes their marketing difficult. However, due to its special sensory characteristics and nutritional value, lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.) is a good candidate for product development to meet this ever-growing demand. Therefore, a lulo-powder-based soluble beverage was prepared according to previously established formulations. Thus, the aim of the present research was to obtain the sensory characterization, study consumers’ overall acceptability, and identify drivers of liking for the new beverage. Eight samples were prepared with lulo juice or pulp + stevia, or a sweetener blend (erythritol + xylitol + stevia). Maltodextrin or inulin, as a drying aid, was added to freeze-dry the samples. The freeze-dried samples were rehydrated for consumption. The sensory characterization of the new beverage was carried out by using CATA questions with consumers (n = 69). The most influential attributes that affected acceptability were identified by using ideal product characterization and hedonic scores of the samples. The beverage formulations with stevia alone had the lowest acceptability. Most sensory differences among samples were found between the visual attributes. The attributes “clean”, “homogeneous”, “fruity” and “citrus” odor, “just-right acidity”, “just-right sweetness”, and “fresh” were necessary to increase global acceptance in the juice-only beverages (Js), whereas “cloudy”, “off-odor”, and “very acidic” negatively impacted acceptance. For products with pulp (Ps), “citrus” and “tropical fruit” odors, “just-right acidity”, “just-right sweetness”, and “fresh” attributes were needed to increase acceptance, while “cloudy” and “chemical/artificial” flavors negatively impacted acceptance. The lulo-powder-based soluble beverage was accepted by consumers; however, there is still potential for the sensory-quality improvement of this product.

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Lu, Jingzhi, Xianghua Long, Zhifei He, Yingchun Shen, Yanhong Yang, Yuanqing Pan, Jiahua Zhang i Hongjun Li. "Effect of dietary inclusion of dried citrus pulp on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood metabolites and hepatic antioxidant status of rabbits". Journal of Applied Animal Research 46, nr 1 (5.08.2017): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2017.1355806.

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Basir, Reihan, i Majid Toghyani. "Effect of dietary graded levels of dried lemon (citrus aurantifulia) pulp on performance, intestinal morphology, and humoral immunity in broiler chickens". International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture 6, nr 2 (25.03.2017): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40093-017-0159-5.

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Almeida, V. V., A. J. C. Nuñez, A. P. Schinckel, P. V. A. Alvarenga, F. R. Castelini, Y. V. Silva-Guillen i M. C. Thomaz. "Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs1". Journal of Animal Science 95, nr 1 (1.01.2017): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2016.0498.

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Almeida, V. V., A. J. C. Nuñez, A. P. Schinckel, P. V. A. Alvarenga, F. R. Castelini, Y. V. Silva-Guillen i M. C. Thomaz. "Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs". Journal of Animal Science 95, nr 1 (2017): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas2016.0498.

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Martín-García, A. I., J. L. Guzmán, M. Romero-Huelva, D. R. Yáñez-Ruiz i M. Delgado-Pertíñez. "O148 Inclusion of dried orange (Citrus sinensis, Osbeck) pulp in the diet of goats. Effect on voluntary intake and in situ degradability kinetics". Animal - science proceedings 13, nr 3 (sierpień 2022): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anscip.2022.07.158.

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Nazok, Ahmad, Mansour Rezaei i Hadi Sayyahzadeh. "Effect of different levels of dried citrus pulp on performance, egg quality, and blood parameters of laying hens in early phase of production". Tropical Animal Health and Production 42, nr 4 (1.11.2009): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9481-x.

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Kyriazakis, I., i G. C. Emmans. "The voluntary feed intake of pigs given feeds based on wheat bran, dried citrus pulp and grass meal, in relation to measurements of feed bulk". British Journal of Nutrition 73, nr 2 (luty 1995): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19950023.

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Two experiments were carried out to investigate the capacities of pigs for bulky feeds. In Expt 1 fifteen pigs were offered, from 12 to 25 kg live weight, ad lib. access to one of five feeds which were made by progressively diluting a high-quality feed with wheat bran. Intake initially increased, and then declined, as the proportion of wheat bran was increased. The pigs became better able to accommodate to the more bulky feeds over time. In Expt 2 thirty-six pigs, initially of 12 kg live weight, were used. The feeds were the same high-quality basal feed as in Expt 1 and three others made almost entirely of either wheat bran, dried grass or dried citrus pulp, respectively. The equal-parts mixtures of each of these three bulky feeds with the basal feed were also made to give three series of feeds each comprising the basal, the mixture and the bulky feed. The three feeds in each series were given ad lib. to twelve pigs in a design of two replicated Latin squares with three time-periods. Within each series, and across periods, the intakes of the feeds that were limiting intake were directly proportional to live weight and so a scaled intake, expressed as g/kg live weight per d, was calculated. Across the six limiting feeds, scaled intakes in the final 5 d of each period, when the pigs were in equilibrium with their feeds, were directly proportional to the reciprocal of the water-holding capacities (WHC) of the feeds, as measured by a centrifugation method. There were large effects of feed changes on intake, in the short term, with previous experience of a bulky feed leading to higher intakes of another bulky feed. The intake of the basal feed was not affected by the feed given previously. It was concluded that: (a) the time of adaptation to bulky feeds needs to be considered when attempting to measure, or predict, the rates of intake on different bulky feeds and, (b) the WHC of the feeds could be an appropriate measurement of‘bulk’responsible for limiting their intake, and could be used to predict the maximum feed intake capacity of pigs on different bulky feeds.

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Hernández, J., R. Rojo, A. Salem, F. Mirzaei, A. Gonzalez, J. Vázquez, O. Montañez i F. Lucero. "Influence of different levels of dried citrus pulp on in vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics of total mixed ration in goat rumen inocula". Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences 21, nr 3 (14.09.2012): 458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22358/jafs/66119/2012.

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Filinska, Tetiana, Antonina Filinska i Larisa Fursova. "STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF CITRUS PROCESSING PRODUCTS AS ADDITIVES FOR MAYONNAISE SAUCES". TECHNICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES, nr 1(35) (2024): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2024-1(35)-225-231.

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The growth of the cultivation and processing of citrus fruits is accompanied by the formation of a large amount of waste, which contains a number of useful nutrients and can serve as a valuable biological resource for various fields of application. The vitamins, trace elements, dietary fibers present inthe composition allow you to use them as effective functional additives. The specificity of citrus dietary fibers is a large amount of protopectin, which determines their significant sorption properties. The ability of fibers to retain water makes them effective thickeners and attractive components of low-fat emulsion products, such as mayonnaise sauces. The article presents the results of a study of the properties of powders obtained from dried grapefruit and orange peels by grinding and dividing into fractions by sieving through sieves of different diameters. The indicators of the moisture-retaining capacity of grapefruit and orange powders, their blends and mixtures with coconut flour were determined. The stability of low-fat emulsion products obtained with the addition of the indicated additives in the amount of 5% to the recipe was studied.The introduction of grapefruit and orange powder additives into the low-fat mayonnaise sauce recipe will enrich them with dietary fibers, give a piquant taste and aroma, and contribute to the formation of a product with proper rheological properties and consistency.The analysis of research and publications showed that among the hydrocolloids used in the production of low-fat mayonnaise products, a special place is occupied by dietary fibers of citrus fruits with a high index of moisture retention capacity, which is higher than that of fibers from other raw materials, for example, carrots or oats. Considerable attention is paid to orange pulp powder products with a balanced content of soluble and insoluble dietary fibers, which serve as effective additives capable of retaining moisture and forming low-fat products with a thick consistency.The purpose of the article is to study the properties of grapefruit peel powder and its mixtures with other functional additives for low-fat mayonnaise sauces; determination of their moisture retention capacity; production and stability research of low-fat mayonnaise sauces based on them.For different size fractions of dried and crushed grapefruit and orange peel, indicators of moisture retention capacity were determined. It was established that this indicator has a larger value for the smallest fraction. For grapefruit powder with a particle size of less than 0.50 mm, the moisture retention capacity is 808%, and for orange -591%. A mixture of grapefruit and orange powder with different ratios of components was also found to have a high ability to retain water. Properties of mixtures of citrus powder and coconut flour were studied. Made samples of low-fat mayonnaise sauces with the addition of individual and complex functional additives in the amount of 5%. The effectiveness of their action was checked by determiningthe stability index of the manufactured emulsion products, which met the requirements set for mayonnaise and mayonnaise sauces by the current standard

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de Araújo, Tiago Luís Da Ros, Wilton Ladeira da Silva, Andressa Scholz Berça, Abmael da Silva Cardoso, Rondineli Pavezzi Barbero, Eliéder Prates Romanzini i Ricardo Andrade Reis. "Effects of Replacing Cottonseed Meal with Corn Dried Distillers’ Grain on Ruminal Parameters, Performance, and Enteric Methane Emissions in Young Nellore Bulls Reared in Tropical Pastures". Animals 11, nr 10 (14.10.2021): 2959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11102959.

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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing cottonseed meal with DDG on ruminal parameters, methane (CH4) emissions (Experiment 1), and animal performance (Experiment 2) of young Nellore bulls grazing Marandu grass during the rainy season. Four supplementation strategies were used in both experiments: (1) Mineral supplementation (MS); (2) conventional multiple supplement (energy/protein) with cottonseed meal and citrus pulp (CMS); (3) CMS with 50% cottonseed meal replaced by DDG (50DDG); and (4) CMS with 100% cottonseed meal replaced by DDG (100DDG). The 50DDG condition resulted in greater intake of dry matter (p = 0.033), organic matter (OM) (p = 0.050), forage (p = 0.035), and digestible OM (p = 0.031) than 100DDG. The supplemented animals presented greater final body weight (BW) and average daily gain than the animals consuming MS (p = 0.011), and lower pH, acetate, and acetate:propionate (p < 0.05). However, the treatments had no influence on stocking rate, gain per area, and enteric CH4 emissions (p > 0.05). Replacing cottonseed meal with DDG does not result in great variations in ruminal parameters, animal performance, and enteric CH4 emissions of grazing Nellore cattle during the rearing phase in the wet season. Both protein sources in 0.3% BW supplementation can be used to intensify beef cattle production in pastures.

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Oliveira, J. P. P., A. F. Bicalho, V. M. R. Malacco, C. F. A. Lage, H. M. Saturnino, S. G. Coelho, B. M. Sousa, J. P. P. Rodrigues i R. B. Reis. "Supplementation with different non-fiber carbohydrate sources in dairy cow diets with high or low rumen-undegradable protein content". Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 72, nr 3 (maj 2020): 936–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10820.

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ABSTRACT The objective for this study was to evaluate the supplementation with different non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) sources for grazing dairy cows in diets with high or low concentrations of rumen undegradable protein (RUP). Twelve multiparous cows averaging 30kg/d of milk production and 45±23 days in milk in a 4x4 Latin square design with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement were used. The difference in NFC content of the diets was achieved using ground corn (GC) or dried citrus pulp (DCP). Dietary RUP was altered by the partial replacement of soybean meal (LRUP) by roasted whole soybean and corn gluten meal (HRUP). Greater dry matter intake (DMI) was observed in DCP treatments compared to GC treatments (19.2 and 17.7kg/day of DM, respectively). Milk fat concentration was lower for LRUP treatments (3.4%) when compared to HRUP (3.6%). The milk protein concentration was greater for GC treatments (2.9%) in relation to DCP treatments (2.8%). Lower milk ureic nitrogen was observed when DCP diets were fed compared to those with GC (17.8 and 21.2mg/dL, respectively). The use of DCP as CNF source increased dry matter intake as well as milk fat concentration, although no differences in milk production were observed for RUP level.

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