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ATTIALLAH, BENSABBAH FATIMA. "Abces bacteriens et fungiques spleniques non traumatiques : 8 observations; interet du drainage percutane". Reims, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REIMM069.
Pełny tekst źródłaJerz, Jeanette K. "Geochemical Reactions in Unsaturated Mine Wastes". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27246.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Garcia, Martinez Maria Fernanda <1986>. "Geotechnical characterization of mixed sandy and silty soils using piezocone tests: Analysis of partial drainage phenomena and rate effects on the experimental soil response". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6622/.
Pełny tekst źródłaGauer, Emanuele Amanda. "Efeitos de velocidade em ensaios de palheta". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/130156.
Pełny tekst źródłaVane tests are frequently used to estimate the undrained shear strength of soft clays deposits because of the equipment simplicity, speed and low costs. The strain rate used in vane shear tests is generally of 6o/min. However, vane tests results are influenced by many factors and rate of shear can be considered one of the most important. Under undrained conditions, undrained shear strength of clayey soils increases with shear velocity. This increase on undrained shear strength occurs due to viscous effects. Furthermore, this method has been used to estimate the undrained shear strength of other fine-grained materials such as silts, tailings, among others. Tests results interpretation must to be careful on these materials, because partial drainage can occur during shear tests conducted at the standard field shear rate. In this cases, soil strength and stiffness are higher than under undrained conditions. Thus, this research is aimed to evaluate the influence of the vane shear velocity in soils strength. Vane tests were conducted using vanes with 20.2, 25.5 and 40.0 mm in diameter and with aspect ratio of 2, at rotation rates from 0.68 to 1800o/min using three kaolin-bentonite mixtures composed by 85% kaolin and 15% bentonite with a water content of 100, 130 and 160% (clay), a mixture composed just by kaolin with a 50% water content (silt) and a mixture composed by 60% kaolin and 40% Osório sand with a 40% water content (silt). Tests results shows that clay and silt strength increases with shear rate, under undrained conditions. Undrained shear strength is also influenced by vane diameter and soil void ratio, and consequently by water content. Viscous response on vane tests throughout the undrained range of velocities can be described by a power law (for normalized velocity values further than 10). Silty soils, especially clay-sand mixtures under undrained conditions, exhibited a greater increase on strength than the increased observed for clayey soils. Neverthless, in some tests conducted at low shear velocities, part of pore pressure excess generated during vane rotation was dissipated, occasioning partial drainage effects during shear. The measured torque has been influenced by vane blade dimensions, but any variation on normalized resistance (T/Tref) wasn’t found as a result of vane dimensions. Normalized velocity considers directly peripheral velocity, vane geometry and soil coeficient of consolidation and reflects permeability, stifness and shear rate effects, factors that also control viscous effects. Thus, viscous effects in vane tests are accurately represented on normalized space. In addiction to rate effects due to viscosity evaluation, results normalization on T/Tref versus V space enable partial drainage effects assessment. It shows that the two distinct physical phenomena can be identified and interpreted using one single approach.
Hessam, Schapoor [Verfasser], Waldemar [Gutachter] Uhl i Matthias [Gutachter] Kemen. "Einfluss der präoperativen biliären Drainage auf die Rate an Gallenwegsinfektionen mit resistenten Mikroorganismen und deren Einfluss auf die postoperative Morbidität und Mortalität / Schapoor Hessam ; Gutachter: Waldemar Uhl, Matthias Kemen ; Medizinische Fakultät". Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1221368354/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaHessam, Schapoor Verfasser], Waldemar [Gutachter] [Uhl i Matthias [Gutachter] Kemen. "Einfluss der präoperativen biliären Drainage auf die Rate an Gallenwegsinfektionen mit resistenten Mikroorganismen und deren Einfluss auf die postoperative Morbidität und Mortalität / Schapoor Hessam ; Gutachter: Waldemar Uhl, Matthias Kemen ; Medizinische Fakultät". Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1221368354/34.
Pełny tekst źródłaLarsson, Philip. "Tryckfall och avskiljningsgrader av aerosola oljepartiklar i platt- och veckat material : Experimentella mätningar och modellering". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85590.
Pełny tekst źródłaIndustrial processes generate emissions in the form of, among other things, air pollution via the process air, which in turn degrades the working environment for industrial employees. According to the Work Environment Act, the employer is obliged to protect the health of the employees via a good work environment and must therefore clean the process air. Air pollutants consist of aerosols and are defined as a collection of solid or liquid particles floating in a gas. The report dealt with aerosols in the form of oil particles generated from sources such as industrial processes such as molding, grinding and heat treatment. Such a process can release six barrels of oil into the air per year and without particle separation, the processes' oil and energy consumption increases markedly. Separation of aerosol oil particles collects the oil so that it can be reused and reduces exposure that can cause cancer and Hodgkin's disease. Aerosol oil should therefore be separated from the process air due to health aspects. Oil particles are separated from the process air via porous materials. The material is connected to the process with tailor-made duct systems where the process air is ventilated away with negative pressure via a fan motor. Oil particles are separated in the porous material and thus the degree of saturation of the material increases, that is accumulated oil reduces the porosity of the material. The drainage capacity of the material ensures that the degree of saturation is limited and that the oil can be reused. An efficient material has a low pressure drop and a high separation rate. These vary with the structure of the material such as fiber diameter, the thickness of the fiber carpet and the number of folds of the material. A material is folded to increase the material area and its separation rate, but the pressure drop is also increased, therefore a balance between pressure drop and separation rate is important when designing the material. A non-pleated material is referred to as flat material in the report. Evaluation of pressure drop and separation rate in a pleated material is costly both financially and in terms of time, while flat materials are effective from both aspects and are therefore a better alternative regarding evaluation. The purpose of the thesis was to increase knowledge about the separation of aerosol oil particles in porous materials. The goal was to model pleated materials based on experimental tests of flat and pleated materials. In the report, porous materials with different fiber diameters were tested experimentally as both flat and pleated materials. Experimental tests meant that the materials were tested practically for pressure drops and separation rate. Separation rate was measured at three ranges of particle diameters according to 0.25–0.60 μm, 0.931–1.075 μm and 1.911–2.207 μm. Flat materials were tested at four air velocities to illustrate the increase in air velocity within pleated material due to an increasing degree of saturation. Modeling meant that a calculation model for pleated material was built and input data was given based on experimental tests of plate and pleated materials. Regression analyzes were performed on the measurement results from flat materials and gave mathematical functions that were used in modeling of pleated materials. The number of folds and degrees of saturation were modeled based on experimental results from pleated materials. Measurement and modeling results varied with the structure of the material. As a result, pressure drops, separation rate and degree of saturation increased with decreasing fiber diameter and increasing carpet thickness for both flat and pleated materials. Modeling of pressure drop in pleated material deviated from praxis by -30% and -6% for fiber diameters of 8 μm and 6μm, respectively. Modeling of separation rates in pleated material had the largest deviation of + 30% for particle diameter 0.25–0.60 μm in material with fiber diameter 6 μm. Modeling results of pleated material varied across the structure of the material and thus deviated differently from praxis. Deviations in modeled pressure drop and separation rates in pleated materials were due to the dynamic pressure of the air. The pressure on the oil particles affected drainage capacity and oil distribution within the material. The oil distribution is thus heterogeneous in praxis, which affects pressure drop and separation rate in both praxis and modeling. This created uncertainties and made modeling less reliable. Therefore, pressure drop and separation rate could not be modeled in pleated material based solely on flat materials. Improved modeling further requires studies regarding oil distribution within the material as well as the impact of the dynamic pressure of the air flow on drainage capacity to improve modeling of pleated materials.
Csobi, Atila. "Amortecimento superficial nos sistemas de micro-drenagem em regiões de baixa declividade". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-11082011-121115/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work presents a proposal for estimating the reduction of the Peak Flow Rate determined by the Rational Method, considering flat basins as a main characteristic. It is considered flat, all of those basins in which the average slope on the streets are smaller than 0,5 %. It is also intentions of this work discuss methods and practices adopted to flat areas as urban drainage solutions and best management practices. Within this work, we also present all the theoretical basis of the Rational Method, among others, that try to fuse the street storm water storage capacity whit the conveyance capacity of a usual street. It is also presented theoretical basis of hydrodynamic models to be used as the main tool to determine de peak flow reduction factor of the Rational Method Hydrogram. Conveyance capacity of a usual street is discussed, street storm water conveyance capacity is also discussed in order to justify the relations proposed as a conclusion of this work. As a result of this work it is established a relationship between the Peak flow rate determined by the Rational Method and the street storm water storage capacity. In addition, this peak reduction can be used as a positive increment on the Recurrence Interval or as flow rate reduction when designing the sewerage system, which means implementation costs reduction. An application to the city of Praia Grande, located the Sao Paulo State, is presented and used as a case of study.
Lozano, Letellier Alba. "Geochemistry of rare earth elements in acid mine drainage precipitates". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668458.
Pełny tekst źródłaLas tierras raras (en inglés rare earth elements, REE) son conocidas como el conjunto de la serie de los lantánidos (La-Lu), itrio (Y) y escandio(Sc). Las tierras raras son materiales indispensables para las industrias modernas y en especial para las tecnologías verdes (aerogeneradores, baterías, láseres, catalizadores, etc.). Sin embargo a pesar de su gran demanda mundial, su abastecimiento es limitado, por lo que han sido catalogadas por la UE como materias primas críticas (Critical Raw Materials). Con el objetivo de asegurar el abastecimiento de REE en el futuro, en los últimos años se ha promovido la búsqueda de fuentes alternativas de estos elementos en todo el mundo. El drenaje ácido de mina (en inglés acid mine drainage, AMD) producido por la meteorización de sulfuros de Fe, tiene un alto poder de lixiviación de las rocas, por lo que las aguas afectadas adquieren elevadas concentraciones en disolución de Fe, Al, SO4 y otros metales, como las REE. Así, las concentraciones de REE en AMD son entre dos y tres órdenes de magnitud superiores al resto de las aguas naturales y pueden suponer una fuente complementaria de recuperación de REE. El aumento de pH del AMD por mezcla con aguas neutras da lugar a la precipitación en los cauces de los ríos de oxy-hidroxisulfatos de hierro (schwertmannita), a partir de pH 3-3.5, y de aluminio (basaluminita), a partir de pH 4-4.5; acompañado de la eliminación de las tierras raras. Debido a su acidez y carga metálica, el drenaje ácido de mina presenta un problema medioambiental de primera magnitud, por lo que se han desarrollado diferentes sistemas de tratamiento para minimizar su impacto. El sistema de tratamiento pasivo Disperse Alkaline Substrate (DAS) produce la neutralización de las aguas ácidas por la disolución de la calcita presente en el sistema, permitiendo la precipitación secuencial, de schwertmannita y basaluminita. Las tierras raras quedan retenidas preferentemente en el residuo enriquecido en basaluminita. A pesar de ello, aún no existen estudios que describan la adsorción de tierras raras tanto en basaluminita como schwertmannita en estos ambientes. En esta tesis se estudia el mecanismo de retención de las tierras raras mediante adsorción en minerales sintéticos de basaluminita y schwertmannita, en función del pH y del contenido de sulfato disuelto. Con los resultados experimentales obtenidos, se propone un modelo termodinámico de adsorción para predecir y explicar la movilidad de las tierras raras observada en mezclas de AMD con aguas neutras y en un sistema de tratamiento pasivo. La basaluminita y la schwertmannita presentan un carácter nanocristalino. Es conocido que la schwertmannita se transforma en goethita en semanas, liberando sulfato. Sin embargo, nada se sabe de la basaluminita y su posible transformación a otros minerales de Al más cristalinos. De este modo, la caracterización del orden local de la basaluminita a diferentes valores de pH y sulfato se expone en primer lugar. Dependiendo del pH y el sulfato en disolución, la basaluminita se transforma en diferentes grados a nanoboehmita en semanas, pero tiende a estabilizarse con la presencia de sulfato en solución. Los experimentos de adsorción en basaluminita y schwertmannita con diferentes concentraciones de SO4 realizados para cada mineral y en rangos de 3-7 de pH han demostrado que la adsorción es fuertemente dependiente del pH, y en menor medida del sulfato. La adsorción de los lantánidos y del itrio es efectiva a pH 5, mientras que la del escandio comienza a pH 4. Debido a las altas concentraciones de sulfato en aguas ácidas, las especies acuosas predominantes de las tierras raras son los complejos con sulfato, MSO4+. Además del complejo sulfato, el Sc presenta importantes proporciones de Sc(OH)2+ en solución. En función de la dependencia del pH y de la importancia de la especiación acuosa, se propone un modelo de complejación superficial donde la especie acuosa predominante (Mz+) se adsorbe a la superficie libre el mineral, XOH, cumpliendo la siguiente reacción: La adsorción de los lantánidos y del itrio se produce a través del intercambio de uno o dos protones de la superficie de la basaluminita o de la schwertmannita, respectivamente, con los complejos sulfato acuoso, formando complejos superficiales monodentados con el mineral de aluminio y bidentados con el de hierro. En el caso del Sc, las especies acuosas ScSO4+ y Sc(OH)2+ forman complejos superficiales bidentados con ambos minerales. Complementando el modelo propuesto, el análisis de EXAFS del complejo YSO4+ adsorbido en la superficie basaluminita sugiere la formación de un complejo monodentado de esfera interna, coincidiendo con el modelo termodinámico propuesto. El modelo de complejación superficial, una vez validado, ha permitido evaluar y predecir la movilidad de REE en los sistemas de tratamiento pasivos y en zonas de mezcla de aguas ácidas con aportes alcalinos estudiados en el campo. La preferente retención de las tierras raras en la zona de la basaluminita precipitada en los sistemas de tratamiento pasivo ocurre por adsorción de las mismas a pH entre 5-6. La ausencia de tierras raras en la zona de schwertmannita se debe al bajo pH de su formación, inferior a 4, que impide la adsorción de las mismas. Sin embargo, debido a su menor pH de adsorción, una fracción de Sc puede quedar retenida en la schwertmannita. El modelo también predice correctamente la ausencia de REE en los precipitados de schwertmannita y el enriquecimiento de las tierras raras pesadas e intermedias respecto a las ligeras en los precipitados de basaluminita recogidos en el campo en las zonas de mezcla de aguas. Sin embargo, se ha observado una sistemática sobreestimación del fraccionamiento de las tierras raras en los precipitados de basaluminita. Este hecho se debe principalmente a que la precipitación del mineral no ocurre de forma síncrona con la adsorción, precipitando la basaluminita a partir de pH 4 y adsorbiendo tierras raras a pH más altos, entre 5 y 7, cuando las partículas sólidas han sido parcialmente dispersadas.
Nandela, V. K. Reddy. "Clogging of drainage material in leachate collection systems". Ohio : Ohio University, 1992. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1172864667.
Pełny tekst źródłaWilson, Ove Bjørn. "The influence of porous plates on effective drainage and imbibition rates". Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-899.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe goal in petrophyscial studies is very often to obtain representative capillary pressure curves in conjunction with Sw-RI relationships for log interpretation. The most frequently used techniques today are centrifugation, the porous plate and the mercury injection techniques.
Unlike the other methods, the strength of the porous plate technique is the possibility to establish both primary drainage, spontaneous imbibition, forced imbibition and secondary drainage without changing set up, conditions or method. In addition, the technique can be combined with resistivity measurements. The weakness is that the method requires a long experimental turnaround time.
Even though techniques like the membrane technique6, the continuous injection technique7, and the semi dynamic method8 have been introduced to the industry with a significant reduced turnaround time, the porous plate method is still believed to be the most representative method.
Its popularity in special core analysis has not dropped even after these new techniques were introduced to the industry.
The aim of this study is to experimentally test layered porous plate prototypes in capillary experiments for different capillary sequences, using all types of fluid pairs at different conditions, varying from ambient to extreme reservoir condition. The layered porous plate method is identical to the porous plate method, except for ceramic construction. In addition to this, the aim is to investigate if there is possible hysteresis between the two porous plate techniques, and investigates if this is related to reduced turnaround time. In other words, investigate how and when diaphragms influence drainage and imbibition rates in capillary experiments.
Another aim is to investigate if the layered porous plate technique can improve the continuous injection technique.
In this study a method of quantifying the influence of porous plates on effective rates at any stage and capillary sequence has been developed. The method is based on analysing transient capillary behaviour.
Huminicki, Danielle Marie Cecelia. "Effect of Coatings on Mineral Reaction Rates in Acid Mine Drainage". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28519.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Festi, Aparecido Vanderlei. "Estimativa da infiltração e do afluxo devidos à precipitação na rede de esgoto sanitário em município de pequeno porte". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4212.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe main purpose of this work was to identify and to estimate the rainfall derived infiltration and inflow (IADP) into the sewer in a small city and to do an analysis of their influence on this collection system. This work was composed by field measurements on the sewage flowrate output and volume arriving to the Sewage Pumping Plant Station, simultaneously to the collection and measurement of rainfall on the corresponding same urban watershed area of the Borborema, in São Paulo State. The existing methodologies were divided in the follow steps: choosing and characterization of the working field; data collection of the sewage volume and flowrate; collection of the rainfall data; choosing and characterization of the data collected; employment of existing models and methodologies useful to the present available data, in order to derive the underground water infiltration rate and the overflow occurring in the sewage colletion network. The volumetric and percentile IADP were quantified. The constant unitary rate (TUC) was also estimated, by several ways. The results allowed obtaining mathematical formulations to derive the IADP and TUC of the Borborema s sewage network. Such mathematical formulations are suitable to be applied in urban areas of cities of a similar to that of Borborema. It was estimated that the IADP can generate flowrates 2,5 times greater than the sewage flows in dry weather and infiltration rates in the sewage network similar to those adopted for system design. The work allowed to estimate how complex are the infiltration and inflow of stormwater in the sewer network. The methodologies applied were quite simple and may be easily applied in other cities.
O objetivo precípuo desta pesquisa foi identificar e estimar a infiltração e o afluxo devidos da precipitação (IADP) na rede de esgoto sanitário em município de pequeno porte e efetuar uma análise da sua influência no sistema de esgotamento sanitário. Este trabalho foi realizado através da medição em campo de vazão e volume de esgoto sanitário a montante da EEE Estação Elevatória de Esgoto, simultaneamente com a coleta e medição da chuva precipitada na correspondente área urbanizada da bacia hidrográfica da cidade de Borborema/SP. As metodologias empregadas foram divididas nas seguintes fases: escolha e caracterização do local da pesquisa; coleta de dados de vazão e volume dos efluentes de esgotos sanitários e coleta de dados de precipitação de chuva no local do estudo; seleção e caracterização dos dados coletados; aplicação das metodologias e modelagens existentes possíveis de aplicar em função dos dados disponíveis, para a obtenção da taxa de infiltração das águas subterrâneas e da sobrecarga na rede de esgoto sanitário. Quantificou-se o IADP volumétrica e percentualmente. Calculou-se também a taxa unitária constante (TUC), sob diferentes formatos. Os resultados desta pesquisa permitiram a obtenção de equações matemáticas para avaliação da IADP e da TUC do sistema de esgoto da cidade de Borborema que possivelmente poderão ser aplicadas em áreas urbanizadas de outras cidades do mesmo porte. Estimou-se que a IADP pode gerar volumes 2,5 vezes maiores que o volume de esgotos em tempo seco, bem como taxas de infiltração na rede coletora próximas àquelas adotadas para cálculo da rede. O trabalho possibilitou avaliar quão complexos são a infiltração e o afluxo de águas de chuva na rede de esgoto sanitário. Os métodos empregados, tanto de coleta quanto de modelagem, foram muito simples e podem ser aplicados em outras cidades com certa facilidade.
Rameau, Hugues Georges. "Influences de la pluviométrie sur la stabilité de talus routiers: méthodologie adaptée pour l'évaluation du profil hydrique temporel du sol et sa prise en compte dans les calculs de stabilité en Haïti". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210025.
Pełny tekst źródłaBien qu’il existe plusieurs publications scientifiques traitant de pluies qui ont conduit à des glissements de terrain (Lim et al. 1996 ;Cho et al. 2001 ;Kim et al. 2004 ;Xue et al. 2007 ;Gavin et al. 2008), les incidences des infiltrations résultant de pluies successives sur le comportement des couches superficielles des sols non saturés ne sont généralement pas prises en compte. Les modèles permettant le calcul de la stabilité de talus des massifs de sols non saturés exigent beaucoup de paramètres parfois difficiles à évaluer et se rapportent ordinairement aux cas d’instabilité provoqués par une remontée du niveau piézométrique des nappes phréatiques.
Sur la base des essais réalisés en laboratoire, une méthodologie adaptée permettant d’évaluer la variation spatio-temporelle de la teneur en eau du sol en fonction d’une suite de pluies a été développée. Cette méthodologie facilite la prise en compte des effets cumulés des taux d’infiltration associés aux évènements pluvieux et permet d’en déduire le profil de succion ainsi que celui de la cohésion apparente à utiliser en vue de calculer, pour une inclinaison β du talus, l’intervalle de variation du coefficient de sécurité Fs. La méthodologie développée présente un intérêt particulier dans le cas de budgets et infrastructures limités.
ABSTRACT
Roads are normally equipped with drainage systems sized and implemented in accordance with the rules of art to evacuate as quickly as possible to the right of way, water precipitation to be considered on the basis of return periods taken into account. However, there are often water flows at the slope side and sometimes in the shoulders and / or running surfaces that are not waterproof. A succession of rain causes a certain amount of water infiltration, which varies according to climatic conditions and depending on the soil texture and structure. Such infiltrations have resulted in reduced safety factor of slopes.
Although there are several scientific publications on rainfall leading to landslides (Lim et al. 1996; Cho et al. 2001, Kim et al. 2004; Xue et al. 2007; Gavin and al. 2008), impacts resulting from infiltration of successive rains on the behavior of surface layers of unsaturated soils are usually not taken into account. Models for calculating the slope stability of unsaturated soils require many parameters that can be, in certain circumstances, difficult to assess and refer generally to cases of instability caused by a rise in groundwater level.
Based on laboratory tests, a suitable methodology for assessing the spatial and temporal variation of soil water content induced by a set of rains has been developed. This methodology facilitates the inclusion of the cumulative effects of the infiltration rates associated with rain events and infers from them the profile of suction and that of the apparent cohesion to be used to calculate, for a slope angle β, the range of variation of the safety factor Fs. This methodology is particularly relevant in the case of limited budgets and infrastructures.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Martysevich, Volha. "Seepage rates in closed basins". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002706.
Pełny tekst źródłaYao, Hengkai. "Spatial modelling of soil water drainage rates : a case study validated on a small catchment". Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362052.
Pełny tekst źródłaSaber, Scott William. "Characteristic Analysis of Acid Mine Drainage Precipitates for the Optimization of Rare Earth Extraction Processes". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/97826.
Pełny tekst źródłaMS
Murphy, Julianna E. "Catalytic Effect of Iron Oxidizing Bacteria on the Production of Pigment from Acid Mine Drainage". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou149383043673114.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiu, Shushu. "Production of High-Grade Mixed Rare Earth Oxides from Acid Mine Drainage via Solvent Extraction: Laboratory-Scale Process Development". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96555.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Rare earth elements (REEs) are essential for many modern industries, high-tech applications, and defense products. The U.S. consumes approximately 11% of the global REE demand; however, the US supply chain is heavily reliant on imported Chinese feedstocks. This lack of a domestic supply chain exposes the US to both price and supply volatility, which are prevalent in the international markets. This supply issue is further compounded by a lack of suitable domestic feedstocks. REEs are rarely concentrated into mineable ore deposits, and in some cases the extraction and processing of conventional REEs deposits entails considerable environmental risk. As a result of these challenges, numerous federal agencies and private companies have recently sought to identify promising alternative resources. One potential alternative resource is acid mine drainage (AMD), which is a common environmental challenge associated with coal and hard rock mining. Prior studies have shown that acid mine drainage contains REEs; however, other metals, such as iron, aluminum, and manganese, preclude REE recovery using conventional processing techniques. As such, the goal of this research is to develop and optimize a process capable of recovering and concentrating REEs from an AMD feedstock. The research conducted in this thesis predominantly included laboratory testing using synthetic AMD samples. The complexity of the synthetic AMD progressively increased from very simple, single element solutions to complex multi-component mixtures. Through this research, data and information from these controlled experiments was used to design a multi-step solvent extraction process capable of producing final REE products exceeding 90% purity. In the last stage of the research, the final process was validated using actual AMD recovered from an operating mine site. The validation test showed that the process was effective in meeting its initial objectives: the grade of the final rare earth oxide was determined to be 90.5%. This laboratory-scale experimental work represents the first step of process needed to develop and deploy a commercial technology capable of producing REE products from AMD feedstocks.
Klitzing, Kyle. "Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium in Acid Mine Drainages of the Illinois Basin". OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2808.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeiravi, Meisam. "CONTAMINANTS REMOVAL AND RARE EARTH ELEMENTS RECOVERY FROM COAL MINE DRAINAGE BY USING (BIO)(ELECTRO) CHEMICAL METHODS". OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1581.
Pełny tekst źródłaIWASE, MASANORI. "The Influence of Portal Vein Occlusion on Liver Mitochondria in Rats after Releasing Biliary Obstruction". Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17487.
Pełny tekst źródłaZimmerman, Jennifer L. "Rates of swim bladder parasite infection and PIT tag retention in upstream migrant American eels of the Upper Potomac River drainage". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5980.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 67 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
Taky, Abdelilah. "Maitrise des excès d'eau hivernaux et de l'irrigation et leurs conséquences sur la productivité de la betterave sucrière dans le périmètre irrigue du Gharb (Maroc). Analyse expérimentale et modélisation". Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00397822.
Pełny tekst źródłaDeux objectifs sont assignés à ce travail : (i) l'évaluation des performances hydrauliques et agronomiques du drainage de surface et (ii) l'évaluation de l'impact de l'excès d'eau sur la culture de la betterave à sucre. Il repose sur (i) une approche expérimentale et (ii) une modélisation des processus en question. Pour ce faire, des comparaisons ont été effectuées entre trois parcelles : (i) une parcelle nivelée selon une pente S0 de 0.2 % et irriguée à la raie, (ii) une parcelle non nivelée irriguée par aspersion et (iii) une parcelle nivelée selon une pente S0 de 0.2% dans la même sens que la première parcelle mais dépourvue de raies et irriguée par aspersion.
L'étude expérimentale a clairement démontré la capacité d'une parcelle avec raies à évacuer efficacement les excès d'eau pendant l'hiver comparativement à une parcelle non nivelée. Sur cette dernière, les submersions locales affectent fortement la production de la betterave à sucre. Le système de raies fournit les meilleurs rendements suivis de près par le système nivelé irrigué par l'aspersion.
Un modèle de ruissellement a été spécifiquement développé pour la prédiction du volume ruisselé et du débit maximal de ruissellement à l'exutoire d'une parcelle avec raies soumise à des événements pluvieux intermittents et d'intensités variables. Ce modèle utilisant entre autre pour entrée le hyetogramme de pluie d'une période de retour 1 an met en évidence le sous dimensionnement des fossés destinés à recueillir les eaux à l'aval des parcelles chez les agriculteurs. Les performances agronomiques de la raie ont été évaluées à l'aide du modèle SOFIP qui simule l'impact de l'irrigation à la raie sur la productivité de l'eau. Pour la parcelle non nivelée, le modèle PILOTE a été adapté pour simuler l'impact de la submersion sur la productivité de la betterave à sucre. Les simulations du rendement effectuées sur une série de onze années montrent clairement l'avantage du système gravitaire modernisé par rapport au système aspersif non nivelé et ce, pour différentes dates de semis. On peut pour conclure affirmer que le développement agricole dans la plaine du Gharb doit être raisonné en tenant compte des excès d'eau hivernaux préjudiciables aux cultures.
Bent, Denzil. "A comparison of Brine evaporation rates under controlled conditions in a laboratory". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6443.
Pełny tekst źródłaThere are growing concerns around the environmental issues related to processed water as the demand for potable water is on the increase in South Africa. Effluents discharged from various sectors such as water treatment facilities pose a constant threat to the environment and natural water resources, including rivers and groundwater due to their poor chemical and physical composition. As a result, the demand for predicting the elevated concentrations of salts in a spatial and temporal dimension is constantly growing. The effluent at the eMalahleni water reclamation plant in Mpumalanga, South Africa, is being processed through a triple reverse osmosis that improves the water quality of the mine water to potable standards. Two water quality streams emerge from this process, i.e. a potable standard and the other a brine concentrate which is stored in ponds. Brine ponds are used for inland brine disposal in the eMalahleni water reclamation plant. The large volumes and limited capacity to store brines has placed great emphasis on enhanced evaporation rates to increase the efficiency of the ponds. In order to improve the rate of brine evaporation in the pond, an understanding of the effect of brine salt content and other parameters affecting the rate of evaporation is required. This study aimed at establishing the physical and chemical behaviour of the brine from the eMalahleni plant in a controlled environment. The investigation incorporated actual brine from the eMalahleni plant as well as synthetic salts typical of the major components of the eMalahleni brine.
Jiang, Shuang. "Bacterial leaching from dairy shed effluent applied to a fine sandy loam under flood and spray irrigations". Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/668.
Pełny tekst źródłaCarrick, Sam. "The dynamic interplay of mechanisms governing infiltration into structured and layered soil columns". Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1328.
Pełny tekst źródłaPaye, François. "La nécrose pancréatique dans la pancréatite aigue : étude expérimentale du rôle des acides gras libres ; études cliniques de son traitement". Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA11T055.
Pełny tekst źródłaPancreatic necrosis is responsible for the severity of acute pancreatitis because of its systemic and locoregional consequences. Our experimental work assessed in vivo in rat the role of Free Fatty Acids (FFA) released by pancreatic lipase which implication in the necrotizing process was up to now assumed on the basis of in vitro studies. A provoked increase of circulating FFA levels did not worsened the courseof edematous cerulein-induced pancreatitis. No spontaneous release of FFA ocurred, neither in systemic or portal circulation, nor in pancreatic tissue, despite a large release of pancreatic lipase caused by pancreatitis. In necrotizing pancreatitis induced by retrograde infusion of taurocholate, an early and transient release of FFA was only observed in peritoneal cavity (in ascites), not correlated with the course of lipase levels in ascites and not altered by the infra-peritoneal injection of the specifie lipase inhibitor : Tetrahydrolipstatin®. These intra-peritoneal FFA could result from a celllysis induced by the detergent properties of taurocholate. The previously supposed deleterious release of FFA by the released pancreatic lipase during pancreatitis does not seem to occur in vivo. Our clinical work has demonstrated 1- the value of a formal technique of necrosectomy associated with prolonged post-operative irrigation of the necrotic sites, providing efficient drainage of pancreatic necrosis in previously operated patients; 2- the insufficiency of percutaneous drainage of sterile collections favouring their super-infection without curing the patients; 3- the role of super-infection of pancreatic necrosis increasing the frequency of organ failures but not their severity, and the value of a conservative management of sterile necrosis, yielding low mortality rates in this sub-group
SILVA, MIRNA M. S. e. "Processo oxidativo avançado com ozônio de efluentes contaminados por manganês e outros metais pesados originados na drenagem ácida em mina de urânio". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2016. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/27501.
Pełny tekst źródłaMade available in DSpace on 2017-05-25T13:07:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Durante a exploração de uma mina, vários impactos são causados no meio ambiente, entre eles a geração da drenagem ácida de minas (DAM), que consiste da exposição de minerais sulfetados ao ar, água e microorganismos do tipo ferroxidantes, apresentando reações de oxidação e formação de ácido sulfúrico solubilizando metais ali presentes contaminando o solo e as águas. O objetivo deste trabalho de pesquisa foi estudar uma solução tecnológica fazendo uso da oxidação avançada com ozônio de metais pesados presentes em efluentes contaminados, em mina de urânio, com especial foco na remoção do manganês. A mina de urânio das Indústrias Nucleares do Brasil INB, em Caldas, Minas Gerais, local de aplicação deste estudo, enfrenta o problema da DAM e tem como principais contaminantes de suas águas superficiais os elementos, alumínio (Al), manganês (Mn), zinco (Zn), ferro (Fe), sulfatos (SO4+2), fluoretos (F-), metais de terras raras, alem do urânio (U) e do tório (Th). Os testes com ozônio realizados em laboratório com os efluentes da INB e in situ, mostraram uma grande eficiência para remoção do ferro, manganês e cério em até 99%. A concentração total de manganês ficou abaixo dos limites estabelecidos pela resolução 430 e 357 do CONAMA. Elementos como neodímio (Nd), lantânio (La) e zinco (Zn) pouco se oxidam com O3. O Al se mantém praticamente inalterado, enquanto que o tório e o urânio decaem, mas com o passar do tempo de ozonização voltam a se concentrar, porém com um valor inferior ao inicial. O precipitado obtido após a ozonização consiste de até 85% de oxido de manganês. A fim de descartar, após a ozonização, o efluente líquido para o ambiente é necessário uma correção do pH, de modo a atender os parâmetros da legislação CONAMA, sendo utilizado 50 a 86% menos reagente (CaOH2), do que as quantidades utilizadas no processo adotado pela INB.
Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Barnes, Jason B. "Variable Denudation in the Evolution of the Bolivian Andes: Controls and Uplift-Climate-Erosion Feedbacks". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/240131.
Pełny tekst źródłaHui, Ho-Wah. "Effect of particle dissolution rate and drainage rate on ocular bioavailability". 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13057233.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaTypescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
CHEN, CHIA-HUI, i 陳佳惠. "Effect of Lymph Drainage Massage and Citrus species Essential Oil on Heart Rate Variability". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tf8k6k.
Pełny tekst źródła東方設計大學
時尚美妝設計系
106
The hectic pace of today's intense lifestyle is likely to cause people stressful more than ever. When our body is under pressure, we usually seek for a remedy to relieve stress; aromatherapy is a popular choice we make to relax our body and mind. This research is basically a study of the influence of essence oils and manual lymphatic drainage upon the heart rate variability (HRV) of autonomic nerve. This research is in the quasi-experimental design, and the cases are sampled purposely and grouped randomly. According to the questionaires, the aromas of the essence oils and MLD are favored by the subjects in the study and are conducive to relaxation of the mood and muscles and decreasing anxiety. The statistical analysis of the SPSS shows that the P values of the mean differences of the psychosomatic stress indexes, the migraine symptoms, and the tension muscles of the shoulders, neck and lower back of subjects in the study were less than 0.001 (***P<0.001), which indicates the results were statistically highly significant. As to the HRV experiments: in both the MLD group and the experimental group(applying the essence oils of sweet orange, lime and bergamot with MLD), their statistics of the high frequency (HF), the percentage of the high frequency (HF%), the low frequency (LF), the percentage of the low frequency (LF%), the ratio of sympathetic/parasympathetic nerve to LF/HF were all getting improved after being tested. However, after being analyzed by SPSS, in the 4 experiments, only the mean differences of HF and the ratio of sympathetic/parasympathetic nerve to LF/HF were at the level of *P<0.05 and statistically significant, while the mean differences of the others were less than statistically significant. From the result of this research, it indicates that the effects of MLD as well as the essence oils of sweet orange , lime and bergamont are perceivable. They are capable of reducing sympathetic nervous activity, improving parasympathetic nervous activity, relaxing body, relieving stress, bettering sleeping quality, alleviating uncomfortableness, enhancing autonomic nervous activity, beating fatigue and promoting quality of life.
Vitter, Cameron Artigues. "A generalized flow rate model for primary production and an analysis of gravity drainage through numerical simulation". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/29250.
Pełny tekst źródłatext
Mohamed, Mostafa H. A., Kezza O. El, Mohamad Abdel-Aal, A. Schellart i Simon J. Tait. "Effects of coolant flow rate, groundwater table fluctuations and infiltration of rainwater on the efficiency of heat recovery from near surface soil layers". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9198.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis paper aims to investigate experimentally the effects of circulating coolant flow rate, groundwater table fluctuations, infiltration of rainwater, on the amount of thermal energy that can be recovered from the near surface soil layers. A comprehensive experimental investigation was carried out on a fully equipped tank filled with sand. A heat collector panel was embedded horizontally at the mid-height of the tank. Measurements of the temperature at various points on the heat collector panel, adjacent soil, inlet and outlet were continuously monitored and recorded. After reaching a steady state, it was observed that increasing water saturation in the adjacent soil leads to a substantial increase on the amount of heat recovered. A model was proposed for the estimation of temperature along the heat collector panel based on steady state conditions. It accounted for thermal resistance between pipes and the variability of water saturation in the adjacent soils. This model showed good agreement with the data. Whilst increasing the flow rate of the circulating fluid within the panel did not cause noticeable improvement on the amount of heat energy that can be harnessed within the laminar flow regime commonly found in ground source heat panels. Infiltration of rainwater would cause a temporary enhancement on the amount of extracted heat. Measurement of the sand thermal conductivity during a cycle of drying and wetting indicates that the thermal conductivity is primarily dependent upon the degree of water saturation and secondary on the flow path.
Masarik, Kevin C. "Monitoring water drainage and nitrate leaching below different tillage practices and fertilization rates". 2003. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/53838559.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaTypescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-94).
Gupta, Neha 1986. "A Novel Approach for the Rapid Estimation of Drainage Volume, Pressure and Well Rates". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148380.
Pełny tekst źródłaLee, Yi-Wei, i 李羿葦. "Relationship of frictional characteristics of kaolin clay in different slip rates and drainage conditions". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gtjjs5.
Pełny tekst źródła國立中央大學
應用地質研究所
105
Large landslide usually causes loss of life and property. The slip rate, drainage condition and shear displacement control the frictional characteristics of slip zone. Moreover, the effective stress of slip zone decreases with increasing pore pressure. The strength of slip zone is controlled by the slip rate and pore pressure. To know the relation between the frictional characteristics and previous parameters contribute to research of landslide prevention. This study aims at exploring the influence of slip rates and drainage conditions on the strength of kaolin clay. A low to high velocity rotary shear apparatus was used to measure the apparent friction coefficient of wet kaolin clay under a normal stress of 1 MPa and slip rate ranged from 10-7 to 1 m/s. The drainage conditions are controlled by alloy holders including radial, single and double drainage conditions. The experimental results show: (a) the steady-state friction coefficients at radial drainage condition under slip rates from 10-7 to10-1 m/s (slip-strengthening behavior) ranged from 0.25 to 0.58 and under 1 m/s of slip rate (slip-weakening behavior) is 0.08 and; (b) the steady-state friction coefficients single drainage condition under slip rates from 10-6 to10-1 m/s (slip-strengthening behavior) ranged from 0.30 to 0.4 and under 1 m/s of slip rate (slip-weakening behavior) is 0.18; (c) the steady-state friction coefficients double drainage condition under slip rates from 10-6 to10-1 m/s (slip-strengthening behavior) ranged from 0.18 to 0.58. Besides, the friction coefficient at radial drainage condition under slip rates from 10-6 to10-2 m/s dropped rapidly (before slip displacements < 2 m) after first peak and increased again after the drop, which represents the excess pore pressure was induced and dissipated at the initial stage, especially. Calculate the temperature change during the course of the radial drainage and dry test conditions. At the slip rate of 1 m/s test, the test temperature of the radial drainage test specimen is up to 72 degrees; the test temperature of the dry test specimen is even up to 188 degrees. At the slip rate of 10-1 m/s test, the final temperature of the experiment range from 56 to 65 degrees. At slip rate of 10-2 m/s test, the temperature change in the experiment does not exceed 8 degrees. According to the above results and previous studies can determine the excess pore pressure generation mechanism: (1) Pore volume compression and pore pressure generation. (2) The rise in temperature leads to pore water generation. (3) Water vaporization leads to pore water generation. The results could be applied to the study of large landslide from creeping tuning into catastrophic failure. Therefore, the accumulation of excess pore pressure is related to different drainage conditions and slip rates. It is pointed out that the drainage condition of the sliding surface will affect the acceleration of the sliding surface. If the sliding surface is well drained, which can quickly dissipate excess pore pressure, then the strength of slip surface will increase and the slip will be slowed down. In addition, if the generated rate of excess pore pressure is faster than the dissipated rate of excess pore pressure, it may cause the creep slip to become a rapid slip.
Lupton, Mary Kay Bruns Mary Ann. "Revegetation of an acid mine drainage - impacted soil using low rates of lime and compost". 2008. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/PSUonlyIndex/ETD-3411/index.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaYao-ChihYou i 游耀智. "Acid mine drainage remediation and recovery of rare earth elements in Chin-Kua-Shih, northern Taiwan". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h8a57a.
Pełny tekst źródła國立成功大學
地球科學系
106
The acid mine drainage (AMD) is a severe environmental problem in mining areas, e.g., Chin-Kua-Shih, northern Taiwan, because of its high acidity as well as abundant toxic elements, and sulfate contents. Nonetheless, rare earth elements (REEs), popular raw materials for modern industries, are found enriched in AMD. In this study, we provided two remediation methods to neutralize the water acidity and recover the REEs from the Chin-Kua-Shih AMD system. For one hand, laboratory precipitation experiments using fluidized bed reactor had successfully reduced the heavy metals and REEs concentration of AMD waters by adsorption processes; Meanwhile, the inserted carbonate neutralized the water pH from 2.8 to 5.1. On the other hand, laboratory batch adsorption experiments showed that BT9M (α-FeOOH-εMnO2), a by-product of FBR-fenton, could adsorb the REEs and toxic metals from the AMD waters. The adsorption isotherm model of cerium on BT9M fits well with the Freundlich isotherm model. The Freundlich constant, n 〈 1, and zeta potential of εMnO2 indicated that BT9M performed unfavorable adsorption in acidic solutions. Overall, this study has demonstrated reliable remediation and REEs recovery approaches for the AMD waters, that aims for developments in the future remediation projects.