Artykuły w czasopismach: „Drainage geocomposite”

1

Cholewa, Mariusz, i Karol Plesiński. "Performance Comparison of Geodrain Drainage and Gravel Drainage Layers Embedded in a Horizontal Plane". Materials 14, nr 21 (22.10.2021): 6321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216321.

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Drainage materials are widely used, among other uses, in the construction of landfills. Regulations require a drainage layer in the base and a covering for the landfill. The implementation of a gravel drain requires a lot of material and financial outlays. New geocomposite materials are an alternative, and facilitate construction. The aim of the research was to compare the drainage properties of the Pozidrain 7S250D/NW8 geocomposite and gravel drainage. The model test was performed on a specially prepared test stand. The research was carried out for model #1, in which the gravel drainage was built. Model #2 had a drainage geocomposite built into it. The test results show the values of the volumetric flow rate for geodrains, with a maximum value of 40 dm3·min−1. For the gravel layer, values of up to 140 dm3·min−1 were recorded. Another parameter recorded during the damming of water by the embankment was the speed of water suction by the geosynthetic and gravel drainage; the values were 0.067 and 0.024 m3·s−1, respectively. The efficiency of water drainage through the geocomposite was sufficient. It is possible to use the slopes of the landfill for drainage, which will reduce material and financial outlays.

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Vasilyev, Sergey Mikhailovich, Yuri Mikhailovich Kosichenko i Oleg Andreevich Baev. "New Types of Geo-Composite Materials for Anti-Filtration Systems". Solid State Phenomena 316 (kwiecień 2021): 1031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.1031.

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The article discusses the results of studies of new types of geocomposite materials used for anti-filtration and drainage purposes in hydraulic engineering and environmental protection construction. As the main elements, the presented geocomposite materials include various types of synthetic materials – bentonite mats and profiled geomembrane. A distinctive feature of these materials is the inclusion of additional elements of geotextile material or polymer geomembrane in their design, these elements are connected to the main element by thermal bonding. As a result, the combined geocomposite materials acquire new properties: they become more waterproof and durable. At the same time, waterproof materials are used for anti-filtration systems (as screens and coverings for canals, ponds, dams and various types of waste collectors), and previous material are used for drainage systems (as drainage in hydraulic and civil engineering). New types of geocomposite materials have improved properties on water resistance and water permeability (filtration coefficient), durability and strength.

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Mankodi, Hireni. "Geocomposite Manufactured from PP Nonwoven/HDPE Geonet". Advanced Materials Research 622-623 (grudzień 2012): 1310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.1310.

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Geogrids are used as reinforcement materials for soil foundation structure in the geotechnical applications. Also, geogrids have the excellent tensile strength and modulus and therefore, geogrids can show the good reinforcement function within the soil foundation structure that the loads are concentrated. However, geogrids don't have the excellent efficiency to control the migration and loss of fine soil particles to be passed due to the large apertures (opening size).The new concept of reinforced geotextile composites, which can show both functions of reinforcement and separation/drainage and was manufactured by combining nonwoven geotextiiles and geogrid or geonetusing adhesive or thermal bonding process. Geotextile-Geonet Composites compose of geotextile-geonet-geotextilesandwich use for separation and filtration functions. Hence the objective of this study is to manufacture geocomposite for easy installation and better stability of sandwich material in soil condition. This geocomposites are evaluated for its performance.

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Szatmári, T., i S. Fischer. "Performance of drainage geocomposites applied as capillary break layers". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1260, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1260/1/012029.

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Abstract The phenomenon of capillary rise can cause water rise up 2-3m above the high water table within the soil. Due to this effect the shear strength of fine-graded soil is decreased, or it can damage decorative floorings, paved areas, concrete and different manmade structures. Furthermore, in arid regions the ground water is often saline with a high concentration of chloride ions, which can be harmful to vegetation. The traditional methods to solve the above mentioned problems with breaking the capillary rise can be the use of free draining granular soil with very low fines contents, usually with 30 to 50 cm thickness. One of the effective capillary break methods is creating an air void between the soil layers with the help of drainage geocomposites therefore capillary rise of water is prevented. This paper presents the research work of the above described capillary break phenomenon with different types of geocomposite drainage layers in laboratory controlled conditions.

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Henry, Karen S., i Robert D. Holtz. "Geocomposite capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 38, nr 4 (1.08.2001): 678–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-010.

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We investigated the potential for geosynthetic capillary barriers to reduce frost heave in soils by freezing upright, cylindrical soil specimens with horizontal disks of geosynthetics placed in them. During freezing, water was freely available at 25 mm above the base of 150 mm high specimens. The geosynthetics were located 5 mm above the water supply. We measured frost heave and final water content profiles of specimens containing geosynthetic capillary barriers and control specimens. The thermal conditions of the tests were typical of pavements in cold regions. Geotextiles prepared to simulate field conditions (i.e., moistened and containing soil fines) failed to significantly reduce frost heave. However, geocomposites comprising needle-punched polypropylene geotextiles sandwiching a drainage net, prepared in the same way as the moistened geotextiles containing soil fines, reduced frost heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 1800 mm or more. The geocomposites did not significantly reduce heave when the soil water suction head in the overlying soil was 800 mm or less. This is probably due to water migration between the two layers of soil, through the geotextiles and along the net of the geocomposite.Key words: capillary barrier, frost heave, geosynthetic, geotextile, geocomposite, soil freezing.

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Ke, Han, Yunmin Chen i Delwyn G. Fredlund. "Steady-state drainage in a liquid collection system with two different slopes". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 47, nr 4 (kwiecień 2010): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t09-090.

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Liquid collection layers are commonly used as part of modern landfills. These collection layers are often composed of two sections with different slopes. Design methods are presently available for limited cases where there is no drain at the connection between the two sections. This paper presents a computational solution based on the Dupuit assumption to calculate the maximum liquid depth and provide the liquid profile for the drainage systems comprising two different slopes. A case study showed that, in most cases, the maximum depth of the downstream section is determined by the total horizontal length of the two sections, the slope of the downstream section, and the inflow rate. The application of a geocomposite in the downstream section can significantly reduce the maximum liquid depth in both the upstream and downstream sections of the drainage system. The application of a geocomposite in the upstream section can only influence the maximum depth in the upstream section of the drainage system. Simplified procedures are proposed that can estimate the maximum depth in the upstream and downstream sections if the drainage layer consists of one material.

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Campos, Jéssica C. D., Roberta Passini i Kaio F. M. do Nascimento. "Thermography and physiology of stress in dairy calves in outdoor holding pens covered with geosynthetics". Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 25, nr 11 (listopad 2021): 787–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n11p787-793.

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ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the environmental variables, thermal comfort indices and physiological responses of calves in outdoor holding pens shaded with geosynthetics. Twenty crossbred females (Giroland, Jersey and Holstein) in the suckling phase (from birth to 90 days old) with an average initial live weight of 40.6 kg were used. A completely randomized block design was used, in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme with five replicates. The roofing materials (polyethylene mesh, geocomposite drainage layer, nonwoven geotextile and woven geotextile) were the first factor and time periods (8 to 10 a.m., 12 to 2 p.m. and 4 to 6 p.m.) the second factor. The following environmental variables were measured to calculate thermal comfort indices: temperature-humidity index, black globe-humidity index and enthalpy. The physiological variables analyzed were respiratory rate, rectal temperature and skin temperature. Environmental variables and thermal comfort indices did not differ between the different roof types, however, a significant difference (p ≤ 0.01) was observed between the time periods, with 12 to 2 p.m. being the most critical period. The lowest average respiratory rate (60.3 breaths min-1) and rectal temperature (38.9 °C) were recorded for the animals kept under the geocomposite drainage layer roof. There was a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) for interaction between treatment and time periods for the cannon area. The geosynthetics studied can be used as roofing material for outdoor holding pens, with the geocomposite drainage layer being the most indicated for tropical regions.

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ÖZDOĞAN DÖLÇEK, Ayşe. "Laboratory Experiments on Performance Evaluation of Geocomposite Drainage Materials". Sakarya University Journal of Science 26, nr 1 (28.02.2022): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.962783.

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Khire, Milind V., i Mazen M. Haydar. "Leachate Recirculation in Bioreactor Landfills Using Geocomposite Drainage Material". Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 133, nr 2 (luty 2007): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2007)133:2(166).

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Forogo, B. W., G. Stolz, M. Coquery, S. Bonelli, N. Chaouch i N. Touze. "Innovative geocomposite for dredged sediments depollution". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1260, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1260/1/012017.

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Abstract In France, sediments from river dredging are considered as waste. Without any special treatment, they must be stored in landfills. The dredged sediments of our area of study (North of France) are polluted with trace metals (antimony and zinc are above the French regulation threshold). The main objective of this study is to develop a new method of active depollution and dewatering treatment in order to enable the reuse of treated sediments. This treatment is carried out through ponds equipped with innovative geocomposite. This innovative geocomposite has two typical passive functions (filtration and drainage). In addition, it is functionalized by an innovative electrokinetic technology to confer it active roles (depollution and dewatering). Electrokinetic consists in applying a difference of electrical potential to a porous medium. We present here the results of a preliminary laboratory study that simulates this new method on a short-term (3 weeks) experiment. The results show that the electrokinetic treatment has an impact on the chemical and physical properties of sediments. The treatment reduces by 50% the concentration of zinc in the leachate after lixiviation.

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Jaisv, Deb P., Ulrich Glawe i Suman Panthee. "Protecting groundwater from leachate contamination: design of drainage system at Sa Kaeo Landfill, Thailand". Journal of Nepal Geological Society 34 (9.10.2006): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v34i0.31891.

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This study focuses on the design of a drainage layer at the Sa Kaeo LandfiII, Thailand, to effectively isolate its leachate. The leachate thickness build-up in the granular layer of the primary leachate collection and removal system (PLCRS) as well as the geocomposite layer of the secondary leachate collection and removal system (SLCRS) was calculated from the measured values of apparent permeability of gravels and transmissivity of geocomposite, and compression and creep factors of geonet at site-specific boundary conditions. To evaluate the efficiency of granular and geosynthetic drainage materials in terms of leachate isolation, hydraulic safety factors were calculated for four landfill lives (i.e. for 1, 2, 10, and 100 years). The results show that the hydraulic safety factor decreases with a decrease in slope angle, increase in landfill life, and increase in drainage length. The safety factor of the PLCRS for landfill life of 100 years under Module 1 (with a drainage length of 138 m) is 29.0 and 2.2 in coarse and fine gravels (commercial size of 1.905 and 0.318 cm) respectively. This safety factor corresponds to the slope gradient of 0.01 at the worst case of leachate production (when all rainfall enters into the drainage system as leachate). Under Module 2 (with a drainage length of 183 m) the safety factor reduced by 22- 25% in comparison with that of Module 1. Similarly, the safety factor of the SLCRS drastically decreases from 50.4 to 0.8 at a leachate leakage rate of 10% of the maximum rainfall when the land fill life is increased from 1 to 100 years. However, the leachate thickness in the PLRS and SLCRS is less than their saturated thickness in both modules. Hence it is concluded that Module 1 is relatively more efficient than Module 2 at lower slope gradients (i.e. 0.01).

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Jahnavi, Thentu, i Kattamanchi V. Kranthi Kumar. "Comparison of EPS Geofoam and Stone columns in heave reduction of expansive soils". E3S Web of Conferences 309 (2021): 01192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130901192.

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To reduce the swell pressures in expansive soils usually granular piles are used, but due to lack of availability there is need of a material which is highly compressible and economical also. EPS Geofoams are obtained by expanding the polystyrene polymer which is a by-product obtained from the petroleum industry. As the drainability of the Geofoam is very less a layer of Geocomposite is surrounded over the geofoam especially for allowing the drainage. So, the mechanism involved in the study is that whenever a saturated soil swells in vertical direction this Geofoam will give room to accommodate the lateral swell which leads to reduction in the vertical heave and Geocomposite will dissipate the excess pore pressure generated during swelling of the soil. In the present study an attempt was made to predict the performance of EPS Geofoam and Geocomposite in reducing the soil heave due to constant infiltration. A two dimensional (2D) numerical model was developed using GEOSTUDIO 2012 to predict the behaviour of the swelling soil due to the inclusion of Geofoams as well as stone columns. Generally coupled and uncoupled analysis are performed to study the behaviour of the swelling soil but as the uncoupled analysis is more advantageous than coupled analysis it is performed in the present study.

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Faure, Y. H., Y. Matihard, P. Brochier i K. Suryolelono. "Experimental and theoretical methodology to validate new geocomposite structures for drainage". Geotextiles and Geomembranes 12, nr 5 (styczeń 1993): 397–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-1144(93)90015-g.

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Slavinska, Olena, Andrii Bubela, Ihor Kozarchuk i Oleksandr Davydenko. "Method of development of numerical models of road structure in sections with tubular drains". Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny 1, nr 269 (31.12.2022): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2022-1-269-2-54-61.

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The problem of water drainage from the carriageway and from the base layers of road pavement of the highway remains relevant worldwide. Gravel or sand layers, as well as geotextile and geocomposite layers are mainly used. Selection of parameters of tubular drainage structures of shallow laying is mainly carried out by an analytical method. This is explained by the difficulty of creating numerical models for predicting the stress-strain state of the road structure, taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of the subgrade elements saturated with water. The lack of a methodology for modelling a road structure with shallow drainage in software complexes based on the finite element method makes it difficult to obtain and analyse the stress-strain state of the structure and the subsequent selection of parameters of shallow tubular drainage. Keywords: road pavement, shallow drainage, subgrade, stress-strain state, numerical model.

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Hassan, Hossam F., Thomas D. White, Rebecca McDaniel i David Andrewski. "Indiana Subdrainage Experience and Application". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1519, nr 1 (styczeń 1996): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196151900106.

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The applications of pavement subdrainage in the state of Indiana are presented. A recent study evaluated pavement subdrainage systems and measured and predicted moisture conditions underneath various types of pavements. Camera systems were used for internal inspection of the edge and geocomposite drains. Pavement instrumentation included moisture blocks, pressure transducers, temperature probes, rain and outflow tipping buckets, and a data acquisition system. Ongoing research using a test site on I-469 at Fort Wayne, Indiana, is aimed at finding the optimum location and layer configuration in flexible pavement; it uses those instruments as well as a TDR system, neutron probes, resistivity probe trees, and an enhanced data acquisition process. The research is a long-term project that will build on the data base of material hydraulic characteristics and performance. Indiana Department of Transportation has formed a committee to address issues related to use of subdrainage. Some of the recommendations from the committee were to abandon geocomposite drains, use bigger concrete protector walls at outlet pipes, and implement a routine inspection and maintenance program for drainage systems.

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Li, Cheng, Jeramy Ashlock, David White i Pavana Vennapusa. "Permeability and Stiffness Assessment of Paved and Unpaved Roads with Geocomposite Drainage Layers". Applied Sciences 7, nr 7 (13.07.2017): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app7070718.

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Giroud, J. P., A. Zhao, H. M. Tomlinson i J. G. Zornberg. "Liquid flow equations for drainage systems composed of two layers including a geocomposite". Geosynthetics International 11, nr 1 (luty 2004): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gein.2004.11.1.43.

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Bilodeau, Jean-Pascal, Guy Doré i Catherine Savoie. "Laboratory evaluation of flexible pavement structures containing geocomposite drainage layers using light weight deflectometer". Geotextiles and Geomembranes 43, nr 2 (kwiecień 2015): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2015.02.002.

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Bahador, M., T. M. Evans i M. A. Gabr. "Modeling Effect of Geocomposite Drainage Layers on Moisture Distribution and Plastic Deformation of Road Sections". Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 139, nr 9 (wrzesień 2013): 1407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0000877.

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Lafleur, Jean, i Y. Savard. "Efficiency of Geosynthetic Lateral Drainage in Northern Climates". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1534, nr 1 (styczeń 1996): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153400103.

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During winter the formation of ice lenses causes frost heave within frost-susceptible materials. The uneven spatial distribution of heave due to heterogeneity results in severe damage to the pavement. Fissures are created, favoring excess infiltration, especially during subsequent springtime thaw. The installation of drainage can be beneficial in reducing the amount of water present in road foundations. Some uncertainty, however, exists about the sources of water feeding the lenses and, therefore, the optimal location of the systems. To assess the efficiencies of deep lateral drainage systems, a full-scale test has been undertaken along an existing road constructed on a glacial till subgrade. Three 150-m-long vertical geocomposite systems were installed at depths ranging between 2 and 3 m. In situ monitoring included piezometers and frost indicators and measurements of flow rates and pavement heave. To obtain a point of comparison, the measurements started 1 year before drain installation. For the period of observation the freezing indexes ranged between 1432°C-day and 1558°C-day, and the maximum frost penetration was 2.5 m. The flow rates varied considerably with the seasons, ranging between 1 ml/sec/linear meter during winter and 10 ml/sec/m during the April thaw. Before drainage the heave values ranged between 50 and 150 mm. After installation they were reduced by a factor ranging between 10 and 50 percent.

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NAGASHIMA, Hiromasa, Yoshihiko TANABASHI, Takao HIRAI, Jun NISHIMURA i Kazuya YASUHARA. "Judgement of Drainage and Reinforcing Effects Based on Model Tests of Geocomposite-Reinforced Cohesive Earth Fill." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, nr 722 (2002): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.2002.722_25.

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Birle, E., M. Melsbach i D. Heyer. "Evaluation of the performance of a drainage geocomposite in a simple cover system based on 10 year measurements". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1260, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1260/1/012018.

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Abstract In the course of the geotechnical investigations for a new runway at Munich Airport the hydro-mechanical behaviour of organogenic clays was studied. With the aim of an efficient use of materials the organogenic clay shall be used for noise and view barriers. As the organogenic clays have increased arsenic contents the percolation of such structures should be minimized. For the detailed investigation of the hydro-mechanical behaviour and for the determination of seepage quantities, a large scale, 5 m high, 30 m long and 25 m wide test fill was constructed. Due to the low permeability of the organogenic clays in compacted condition a cover design with a drainage mat and a top layer without an additional sealing layer was chosen. Measurements of the water balance were collected since the installation in 2008. The results show very low leachate quantities, although humid climatic conditions with average annual precipitation of approx. 745 mm were present. The low leachate rates can be mainly attributed to the capillary-breaking effect of the drainage geocomposite and the high water retention capacity of the topsoil. Based on the results the presented simple cover system can be considered an efficient and effective solution for minimizing infiltration water into core materials of embankments and noise barriers in road-way design.

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Rowe, R. Kerry, i T. Iryo. "Effect of geosynthetics on the hydraulic performance of leak-detection systems". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 42, nr 5 (1.10.2005): 1359–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t05-059.

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The hydraulic performance of a leak-detection secondary leachate collection system below a composite liner consisting of a geomembrane (GM) over a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) is studied using the finite element method. The effect of the initial conditions in the underlying foundation layer (e.g., compacted site soils), distance from the leakage point to the drainage point, properties of the GCL, hydration history of the GCL, and the presenceabsence of a foundation layer are examined. The interaction between the GMGCL interface, GCL foundation layer interface, and the underlying geocomposite is investigated. The time for leakage to be detected is shown to be highly dependent on the material below the composite liner, the initial degree of saturation of the material, and the distance between the hole wrinkle and the drainage point in the system. Under some circumstances this could result in leakage not being detected for a considerable period of time. Predicted leakage is shown to be similar in magnitude to that reported in field monitoring. A comparison of an analytical solution for steady state conditions with the numerical solution shows excellent agreement.Key words: geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners, leakage, leachate collection, finite element method.

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Chao, Zhiming, i Gary Fowmes. "The short-term and creep mechanical behaviour of clayey soil-geocomposite drainage layer interfaces subjected to environmental loadings". Geotextiles and Geomembranes 50, nr 2 (kwiecień 2022): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2021.10.004.

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Dickinson, S., i R. W. I. Brachman. "Assessment of alternative protection layers for a geomembrane – geosynthetic clay liner (GM–GCL) composite liner". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 45, nr 11 (listopad 2008): 1594–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t08-081.

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A protection layer is required above geomembrane (GM) – geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) landfill liners to limit physical damage (GM strains and GCL thinning) from an overlying granular drainage layer. A 150 mm thick layer of sand has been found to provide excellent protection at a vertical pressure of 250 kPa. However, the use of sand may not be practical in many cases. Experimental results are presented where the effectiveness of alternate protection systems above one particular GM–GCL liner were examined with 50 mm coarse gravel at an applied vertical pressure of 250 kPa. A 150 mm thick layer of compacted clay and a 150 mm thick layer of rubber tire shreds with a nonwoven needle-punched geotextile (570 g/m2) were found to limit the geomembrane strains and GCL extrusion to acceptable levels. Layered geotextiles performed much better than single layers of geotextiles. A layered geocomposite, with a thick nonwoven needle-punched geotextile in the middle to provide cushioning and stiffer woven geotextiles on the top and bottom to carry tensile force, was able to limit the short term strain to less than 3%, but it was not able to prevent local thinning of the GCL because of the deformation required to mobilize force in the geotextiles.

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McCartney, John S., i Jorge G. Zornberg. "Effects of infiltration and evaporation on geosynthetic capillary barrier performance". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 47, nr 11 (listopad 2010): 1201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t10-024.

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This study includes an experimental investigation of the transient movement of water in unsaturated soil layers underlain by a geocomposite drainage layer (GDL) during cycles of infiltration and evaporation. The distribution in volumetric water content with depth in a soil column having a height of 1350 mm underlain by a GDL was measured during transient infiltration. The capillary break effect was observed to affect the soil up to a height of 500 mm above the GDL, with an increase in volumetric water content up to 20% above that expected for the case of infiltration under a unit hydraulic gradient. Due to the long duration of this test (2000 h), a shorter 150 mm high soil column was also evaluated to investigate the soil–GDL hydraulic interaction during cycles of infiltration and evaporation. The capillary break was observed to have re-established itself after infiltration was stopped and the soil near the interface dried. The suction and volumetric water content measured in the soil at breakthrough were consistent after multiple cycles of wetting and drying. The conditions in the soil after each breakthrough event corresponded to the point on the drying-path water retention curve of the nonwoven geotextile where it transitioned from residual to saturated conditions.

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Santos, Flávia, i Ana Sieira. "Reduction factors for creep in drainage geocomposites". Geotecnia 144 (listopad 2018): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24849/j.geot.2018.144.05.

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Shaner, K. R., i S. D. Menoff. "Impacts of bentonite geocomposites on geonet drainage". Geotextiles and Geomembranes 11, nr 4-6 (styczeń 1992): 503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-1144(92)90028-9.

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Cazzuffi, Daniele, i Piergiorgio Recalcati. "RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ON THE USE OF DRAINAGE GEOCOMPOSITES IN CAPPING SYSTEMS". Detritus 3, nr 1 (2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2018.13720.

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da Silva, C. A., i E. M. Palmeira. "Performance comparison of conventional biplanar and low-cost alternative geocomposites for drainage". Geosynthetics International 20, nr 3 (czerwiec 2013): 226–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/gein.13.00013.

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Bourgès-Gastaud, Sébastien, Guillaume Stoltz, Patricia Dolez, Éric Blond i Nathalie Touze-Foltz. "Laboratory device to characterize electrokinetic geocomposites for fluid fine tailings dewatering". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 52, nr 4 (kwiecień 2015): 505–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2014-0031.

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The oil sands industry usually leads to the production of large quantities of mineral waste, such as fluid fine tailings (FFT), whose disposal is often challenging. Electrokinetic geocomposites (eGCPs) installed into the FFT disposal area may improve in situ dewatering, as eGCPs can drain water expulsed during FFT consolidation as well as impose a voltage across FFT to displace water by electro-osmosis. This paper presents a laboratory device specifically developed to evaluate eGCP performance for sludge dewatering. Based on the oedometer principle, the device aims at studying sludge consolidation as a function of boundary conditions (mechanical stress and (or) voltage), with drainage and electrical conduction ensured by two eGCPs positioned on both sides of the sludge layer. Preliminary results obtained with one particular eGCP are presented: the solids content was increased from 42% to 66%, which led to a significant improvement of the shear strength from nearly 0 kPa to a mean value of 40 kPa. The energy required for this experiment was 71 W·h (3.5 kW·h/(m3 of sludge)). The filtration performance remained satisfactory; the sludge particles were retained upstream of the filter, with clean water flowing through.

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TANABASHI, Y., T. HIRAI, J. NISHIMURA, H. NAGASHIMA i K. YASUHARA. "Judgement of Drainage and Reinforcing Effects Based on Model Tests of Geocomposites-Reinforced Earth Fill". Geosynthetics Engineering Journal 14 (1999): 244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5030/jcigsjournal.14.244.

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Narejo, Dhani, Mengjia Li, Ed Zimmel i Yin Wu. "A monolithic layered nonwoven–woven geotextile for use with drainage geocomposites in coal combustion residual projects". Geotextiles and Geomembranes 37 (kwiecień 2013): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2013.01.002.

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Jamshidi, Jamshid. "Optimization of Production Parameters of Geotextiles Used for Shoreline Protection". Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 19, nr 2 (1.05.2015): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-19-02-2015-b002.

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The use of geotextile sand containers (GSCs) in shoreline protection systems has moderately grown since the first applications in the 1970s and increasingly used as an alternative to natural stone, slag, and concrete. Due to their economical, technical and ecological advantages, the use of geotextiles and geocomposites for filter and drainage functions is increasing worldwide and has a 40 year history already. For coastal protection measures, nonwovens are proven to have long-term resistance against ultraviolet radiation and saltwater. High elongation behavior provides superior properties during loading in coastal protection means, which is determined as being the biggest risk for damaging geotextiles. Such applications require certain functional characteristics in the geotextiles, besides their basic properties, which are required to be engineered by the judicious optimization of the needlepunching process. In this study, the effect of the process parameters including punch density and depth of needle penetration has been investigated on the mechanical (tensile strengths in the machine and cross-machine directions) properties of needlepunched nonwoven geotextiles. These process parameters are then empirically related to the fabric properties by using a multiple regression technique.

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Showkat, R., i G. L. Sivakumar Babu. "Reliability analysis of compacted embankment with geocomposite under infiltration". Geosynthetics International, 29.03.2023, 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgein.22.00268.

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Embankment failures can be prevented by introducing geocomposites to act as drains. The effect of the geocomposite layer on the pore pressure distribution and surface displacements of an unsaturated embankment upon infiltration has been studied numerically using deterministic and probabilistic approaches. The inclusion of the geocomposite layer leads to an increase of suction below the interface and a decrease in suction above it by functioning both as a capillary barrier and a drainage layer, thereby reducing the surface displacements upon infiltration. The load in the form of rainfall and the resistance such as suction of the embankment material being variable leads to a variability in the displacements, so reliability analysis has been carried out using hydraulic permeability and soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) parameters as random variables. To assess the probability of failure (pf), surrogate model based on augmented radial basis function has been used. Probabilistic analysis revealed that the embankment with geocomposite has less pf compared to the one without geocomposite considering the rainfall infiltration. Moreover, sensitivity analysis predicted that SWCC parameters influence the pf of geosynthetics inclusive embankment under infiltration to a larger extent.

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Campos, Jéssica Caetano Dias, Roberta Passini, Lainny Jordana Martins Pereira e. Sousa i Alliny das Graças Amaral. "Behavioral changes in dairy calves raised in outdoor holding pens with alternative roofing". Ciência Animal Brasileira 24 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v24e-73923e.

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Abstract This study assessed the behavior of dairy calves raised in outdoor holding pens covered with different geosynthetics. Twenty crossbred (Girolando, Jersey and Holstein) dairy calves undergoing weaning were used, with an average initial live weight of 40.6 Kg. A completely randomized block design was used, with a 4 x 3 factorial scheme and 5 repetitions. The roofing materials were polyethylene mesh, drainage geocomposite, nonwoven geotextile and woven geotextile, representing the first factor, and assessment times (8 to 11 a.m., 11:15 a.m. to 2 p.m. and 2:15 to 6 p.m.) the second factor. Environmental variables were analyzed, and the following heat stress indices calculated: black globe-humidity index (BGHI) and equivalent temperature. The average BGHI and equivalent temperature were 79 and 26, respectively. Walking behavior differed between treatments (P<0.05) and was more frequent in the woven geotextile treatment. The most frequent behavior observed throughout the day was lying in the shade (53%), demonstrating the importance of providing artificial shading during this stage of life. When compared to polyethylene mesh, the drainage geocomposite and nonwoven geotextile were better suited to providing shade for dairy calves undergoing weaning in tropical regions.

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"Experimental and theoretical methodology to validate new geocomposite structures for drainage". International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 31, nr 1 (luty 1994): A50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(94)92715-4.

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La, Dương Hải. "COMPARE INFLUENCES OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MSE WALL DIMENSIONS WITH GEOCOMPOSITE BACK DRAINAGE SYSTEM TO MAXIMUM STEADY STATE PHREATIC LEVEL". Hue University Journal of Science: Earth Science and Environment 130, nr 4A (16.12.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.26459/hueunijese.v130i4a.6478.

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Nowadays, with serious risks to the mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) instability especially for soil mass behind the wall face caused by heavy rainfall. Come from high drainage ability, geocomposite is regarded as an appropriate material for drainage purposes in many geotechnical structures, including MSE walls. However, there are insufficient researches investigated MSE wall geometry design especially with wall dimension oriented follow 2D dimension as horizontal and vertical. This paper presents a series of PLAXIS numerical simulations to investigate the influences of MSE wall dimensions and drainage capacity on seepage responses inside the protected zone of the wall. The research results indicated that the distance from the upstream water source to the drainage face (L) influences most to the maximum steady state phreatic level (ho) variation inside the protected zone. In total comparison that shown the horizontal wall dimensions have more affects on ho drops than vertical wall dimensions.

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Saride, Sireesh, B. K. Huchegowda i Saurabhh Vyas. "Evaluation of drainage coefficients for 2D and 3D−geocomposite embedded subbase layers". Geotextiles and Geomembranes, lipiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2022.07.003.

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Kalore, Shubham A., i G. L. Sivakumar Babu. "Hydraulic design of granular and geocomposite drainage layers in pavements based on demand-capacity modeling". Geotextiles and Geomembranes, czerwiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2023.06.001.

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Chao, Zhiming, Gary Fowmes i S. M. Dassanayake. "Comparative Study of Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Predicting Peak Shear Strength Along Soil-Geocomposite Drainage Layer Interfaces". International Journal of Geosynthetics and Ground Engineering 7, nr 3 (9.08.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40891-021-00299-2.

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AbstractPeak shear strength of soil-Geocomposite Drain Layer (GDL) interfaces is an important parameter in the designing and operating related engineering structures. In this paper, a database compiled from 316 large direct shear tests on soil-GDL interfaces has been established. Based on this database, five different machine learning models: Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network (BPANN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), with hyperparameters optimised by Particle Swarm Optimisation Algorithm (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA), respectively, and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) optimised by Exhaustive Method, were adopt to assess the peak shear strength of soil-GDL interfaces. Then, a comprehensive investigation and comparison of the predictive performance for the models was conducted. Also, based on the selected optimal machine learning model, sensitivity analysis was conducted, and an empirical equation developed based on it. The research indicated that GA and PSO could significantly increase forecasting precision in a small number of iterations. The BPANN model optimised by PSO has the highest forecasting precision based on the statistics criteria: Root-Mean-Square Error, Correlation Coefficient, Coefficient of Determination, Wilmot’s Index of Agreement, and Mean Absolute Percentage Error. The normal stress has the biggest impact on the peak shear strength, followed by drainage core type, moisture saturation of the soil layer, shearing surface, soil type, consolidation condition, geotextile specification, soil density and drainage core thickness, and the ranking is affected partly by the data distribution of input parameters in the database based on mechanism analysis. An empirical equation developed from the optimal model was proposed to estimate the peak shear strength, which provides convenience for geotechnical engineering personnel with limited knowledge of machine learning technique.

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Kosichenko, Yu M., i A. V. Kolganov. "GEOECOLOGICAL STATE OF WATER BODIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA". Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering, nr 3 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.31774/2712-9357-2022-12-3-291-304.

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Purpose: assessment of the geoecological state of water bodies, large irrigation and feeding systems, Sarpinsky lakes, reservoirs, main and distribution canals, river network. The total area of irrigation and feeding systems totals about 122 thousand hectares, while half of the 54 thousand hectares of irrigated land is watered with high salinity water. For 48 years, the morphometric characteristics of large lakes have changed for the worse, the water in the lakes is gradually becoming saline, the coastal zone is overgrown with aquatic vegetation and is significantly silted up, many irrigation canals experience slope deformations, their dams are being destroyed, and the throughput capacity is decreasing. About 135 reservoirs have been built on the territory of Kalmykia, the largest of which are Chograyskoe, Gorodovikovskoe and Proletarskoye. Condition of irrigated lands for the period 2010–2018 is assessed as good in 2–4 % of cases, as satisfactory in 24–29 %, as unsatisfactory in 68–72 % of cases. Discussion. The cause of secondary salinization, waterlogging, depletion of irrigated lands and desertification was the imperfection of irrigation and collector-drainage systems, as well as irrigation techniques. The inclusion of a large amount of fallow lands in agriculture will lead to socio-economic and climatic changes, as well as humid warming in the Republic of Kalmykia. In the future, it is recommended to reconstruct canals in an earthen channel with the installation of lining on them using geosynthetic and geocomposite materials, which will increase the canals’ performance of the Chernozemelskaya and partially Sarpinskaya watering and feeding systems, bringing their efficiency to 0.85–0.90. Conclusions. Desertification processes are developing in the Republic of Kalmykia, the main causes of which are degradation, wind and water soil erosion, dehumification and secondary salinization. The total desertification index is 76 points.

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"Impacts of bentonite geocomposites on geonet drainage". International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 30, nr 2 (kwiecień 1993): A128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(93)91145-9.

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Chinkulkijniwat, A., S. Horpibulsuk, D. Bui Van, A. Udomchai, R. Goodary i A. Arulrajah. "Influential factors affecting drainage design considerations for mechanical stabilised earth walls using geocomposites". Geosynthetics International, 9.11.2016, 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgein.16.00027.

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