Rozprawy doktorskie: „Donor relations”

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Swanger, William Rodgers Shelly. "Revisiting fund-raising encroachment of public relations in light of the theory of donor relations". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5795.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 5, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Shelly Rodgers, Includes bibliographical references.

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Lake, Britt Ashley. "Foreign donor involvement in civil society development : a case study of South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3731.

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Golestaneh, Maha. "Market orientation, donor relations, and performance of South African HIV/AIDS care providers". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11880.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 186-231).
Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has reached pandemic proportions. In 2007, UNAIDS (2007) reported that 33.2 million people were living with HIV, 2.5 million were newly infected, and 2.1 million people died due to HIV and its associated disease, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Approximately two-thirds of these people reside in sub-Saharan Africa, a region where economic, infrastructural, and human resources are severely constrained. Infection rates in the range of 10%-35% make substantial demands on the health infrastructure of most sub-Saharan African countries and limit the amount of care provided to people infected and affected by HIV/AIDS.

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Johnson, Oliver W. "The evolution of donor-recipient relations in electricity reform : rethinking the principal-agent framework". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6974/.

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Since the early 1990s electricity reforms across Sub-Saharan Africa have been marked by controversy. Despite the World Bank's major role in driving electricity reform as part of its conditional lending strategy in the electricity sector, its relationship with recipient countries has received little attention within the electricity reform literature. This is surprising given the increasing pressure on the World Bank to improve the effectiveness of its conditional lending more generally. This thesis contributes to filling this gap by exploring how World Bank-recipient country relations shape and constrain the direction of reform. The donor-recipient relationship is commonly espoused in the academic literature as a principal-agent relationship, whereby international aid organisations (principals) delegate authority for implementing their development policies to recipient countries (agents). I develop this framework by incorporating refined concepts of power, partnership, ownership and knowledge, prominent features in development studies literature and recent donor discourse. The analytical framework developed is applied to the process of electricity reform in two countries: Tanzania and Ghana. While the impetus for reform in these two countries was similar, the way in which the reform process unfolded was different. The analysis is based on in-depth, semi-structured interviews and documentary evidence. It uses a process-tracing method, combining within-case and cross-case analysis. A number of insights emerge from the analysis. I find that availability of reform expertise plays a significant role in determining the strength of power relations between donors and recipient countries. It also appears that reform ownership lies within different ‘domains'. Uneven ownership across domains accounts for the inconsistent reform implementation noted in both cases. And knowledge asymmetry provides a useful concept to analyse the impact of decentralised donor staff. In conclusion, this thesis argues that a modified principal-agent framework offers additional insight into the workings of the donor-recipient relationship.

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Phelps, Alyssa Katherine. "Partnerships and Mandates: Power Relations Between Donor and Recipient Organizations Promoting Gender Equality in Nicaragua". Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1432905939.

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Yazlyyev, Begench. "Analysis of Development Aid Management in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan: Understanding Donor-Recipient Relations in Comparative Perspective". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39632.

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Both Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan were part of the former Soviet Union and were integrated into its political, economic and governance systems. As Union republics, they remained isolated from the outside world, with little direct interaction with external actors. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, both Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan established relations with a number of bilateral donors and multilateral development agencies. Despite their many similarities (e.g., social, cultural, religious, linguistic, geographic) and a shared history, the two countries’ post-Soviet development trajectories diverged dramatically. While Kyrgyzstan quickly launched transition reforms, liberalizing its economy and polity with support from external donors, Turkmenistan adopted a more gradual approach to political and economic reform and managed to minimize the influence of external actors in domestic affairs. This thesis analyzes the donor-recipient interaction in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan across three sectors: governance, rural development, and environment. The analysis focuses on the management of aid through an anthropological, political economy-directed inquiry of relations between foreign donors and aid recipients at the micro level (daily interactions in managing aid). Collective action theory, evolutionary theory and adaptive behavior approaches are utilized to analyze the interaction on micro-level. However, the analysis is also situated in a broader, macro-level context of development and security priorities of the two states, for which the realist branch of the international relations theories is applied. Methodologically, the study is based on the triangulation of findings from various sources, including the content analysis of primary and secondary sources as well as the analysis of over 60 semi-structured interviews involving government and donor officials from the two countries. The thesis does not attempt to analyze whether development aid was effective. Instead, using similar analyses of aid interactions (Mosse, 2005; Swedlund, 2017), this thesis aims to investigate how aid interactions ‘happen’ (Wedel, 1998). While I agree that the sustainability of development aid is hampered by the inability of both donors and recipients to ‘make credible commitments’ (Swedlund, 2017), in this thesis I argue that aid interactions are also influenced by other factors, namely the political sensitivity of the sectors to which the aid is given (governance, rural development, environment), regime characteristics, availability or absence of natural resource-based revenues, and geopolitics. These factors, taken together, affect the aid bargaining process in important ways. The thesis makes a three-fold contribution to the existing knowledge on aid relations. First, it expands the knowledge on the agency of recipient governments by putting them at the core of the analysis. Second, it contributes to the very limited number of cross-sectoral and cross-country comparative studies on both aid management and on public policy making in general and in Central Asia in particular. Thirdly, it provides a detailed account of how development aid has been managed in Turkmenistan, a country on which no serious academic literature related to aid management has been produced to date.

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Johnson, Yolanda F. "A Useful Guide to Planning Special Events for Arts Organizations". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1146153249.

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Butterworth, Ruth Rutendo. "Rebuilding livelihoods of the poor affected by conflict through donor-led market-based approaches : the case of Liberia". Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2015. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/21526/.

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A pro-poor market-based approach has increasingly been adopted by INGOs as a livelihoods rebuilding strategy following destructive armed-conflicts. However, there remains a gap in knowledge of the feasibility of such an approach in post-conflict contexts. This research seeks to address this gap. It questions whether pro-poor and donor-led market-based approaches work within post-conflict environments and, if so, under what conditions? The results are from an analysis of case study-based data collected from twenty-one microenterprise groups from three diverse counties of Liberia, six years after the armed conflict. The research reveals that local context in post-conflict environments play an important role in the extent to which a market-based approach might achieve its underlying objectives of broad-based, sustainability and growth enterprises. On one hand, the losses and changes in the entitlement systems of the poor restrict their ability to both operate and to potentially sustain market-based livelihoods promoted through donor-led initiatives beyond the period of direct support. On the other, the extent to which conflict affects local market-systems also shapes outcomes of a post-conflict market-based approach. Shortcomings within the private and government sectors hinder application of market-based principles by increasing the role of the INGO to more than a facilitating role, thus further compromising sustainability of microenterprises. Positively, results suggest that, in spite of low income gains, a market based approach holds potential to empower direct beneficiaries through skills gains, improve their self-esteem and contribute towards peacebuilding within local communities. To further advance this field of research, future donor-led programme design and implementation needs to balance the post-conflict reconstruction urgency with context-specificity, not only that related to the target groups, but also the extent to which the wider and immediate market environment are able to support a market-based approach. Hurried actions risk exclusion of the most vulnerable groups in society through both direct and indirect factors arising from conflict. Yet, a broad-based economic development is essential in a post-conflict environment to reduce both underdevelopment and the risk to return to war.

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Isaac, Annette. "Education reform in the Eastern Caribbean : implications of a policy and decision-making program by an external donor". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37901.

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This study analyzes the participation of foreign donors in long-term education reform in the small countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). Central to this reform is the development of suitable and sustainable policy and decision-making structures, a relatively new activity for the sub-region's planners and educators. This research seeks to investigate how Canada's input into strengthening and supporting these key policy and decision-making structures of the education reform project may affect the sub-region's expectations for a more indigenous and relevant education system.
The background for these issues arose out of my familiarity with the challenges facing OECS Ministries of Education in reconciling their own needs in education with the interests of the donor community. In addition, in colonial times, Britain had considerable influence on every aspect of education in the Caribbean, and, in the post-colonial period, Canada had long-term involvement in human-resource development in the sub-region. This raises questions of the viability of reform of the OECS education system to reflect its own development priority needs, culture and values, when a foreign force is significantly involved in funding the development of the key policy and decision-making structures. How dependent are the OECS countries on Canadian assistance to implement their education reform agenda? The dynamics between aid and sovereignty are also of critical importance, given the Eastern Caribbean's history of colonialism and dependency. These issues have frequently been debated in the context of international assistance in the OECS but, to date, there has not been much in-depth qualitative research on such topics, from the academic community.
Drawing on dependency theory, and on qualitative research techniques, this thesis critically examines the historical, social, and international development factors of significance in such an inquiry. The study also makes recommendations for future relationships between the donor community and the OECS in the education sector.

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10

MacLaren, David. "Angels without mercy : the African-American fight against the Red Cross's blood donor discrimination, 1941-1945". Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115760.

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On the eve of World War II, the American Red Cross (ARC) excluded African-American blood donors. The instructions from the Army and the Navy implied that the armed forces did not want the allegedly "inferior" blood of Blacks in the veins of "superior" White soldiers. The ARC's exclusionary policy, as mandated by defense officials in the War Department, continued the tradition of relegating African-Americans to second-class citizenship.Black newspaper editors and individual protest leaders on the national and local levels pressured the armed forces to change its blood donor policy. On January 29, 1942, the ARC started to accept blood donations from Blacks but followed a national policy of segregation. The ARC labeled and stored African-American blood donations apart from those of Whites and maintained Jim Crow blood banks throughout the war even though medical experts found no factual basis to differentiate blood by race.This paper examines how Black newspapers and individuals such as Asa Philip Randolph, Walter Francis White, William Henry Hastie, Mabel Keaton Staupers, and the Black community of Indianapolis responded to the ARC's initial policy of exclusion and then segregating AfricanAmerican blood donations. The paper attempts to modify the popular interpretation that the war constituted a watershed for African-Americans. My research indicates that while many Black leaders and protest organizations on the national and local levels challenged the ARC's blood donor policies, African-Americans did not win a fundamental change in military policy. Thus, while the fight against blood donor discrimination was a manifestation of the wartime "Double V" campaign it also represented its limitations.The paper draws on secondary sources, African-American newspapers, and the manuscript collections of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses, Claude A. Barnett, William Henry Hastie, Asa Philip Randolph, and the Indianapolis Area Chapter of the ARC as well as the papers of African-American physicians in Indianapolis, Walter H. Maddux and Harvey N. Middleton of the Flanner House and the Morgan Health Center.
Department of History

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11

Dzengwa, Simphiwe. "An appraisal of the Department of Provincial and Local Government's management and coordination of Donor Assistance Programs to local government in South Africa". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007923.

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This study is a contribution to the ongoing debate concerning the role and involvement of foreign donor entities in the processes of transforming and creating viable and sustainable municipal entities in South Africa. The discussion particularly focuses on the relationship between the donor community and the Department of Provincial and Local Government (DPLG) and how this relationship has been nurtured, coordinated and managed. The study acknowledges the challenges pertaining to local government transformation and the role and mandate assigned to the DPLG by the South African Constitution and the Presidential Coordinating Council (PCC) for it to facilitate the creation of developmental local government. In discussing this, consideration is given to capacity and resource constraints within the Department, which necessitate that it collaborates closely with other stakeholders, particularly donors, in seeking to augment its resource base and capacity. The Department's lack of capacity is further complicated by the various pieces of legislation, which have a serious bearing on how municipalities have to work - irrespective of their capacity and resources limitations. The research also focuses on how this relationship, between the DPLG and foreign aid donors working in the local government sector, is coordinated and managed. From evidence gathered and interviews conducted, the conclusion is drawn that there is much room for the DPLG to improve and strategically focus its interaction with donors as informed by its mandate and strategic priorities. Proposals, which entail development of donor management guidelines, setting up of a donor coordination unit within DPLG, the improvement of the understanding of donor work politics and modalities among DPLG officials, etc., are made.

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Hutchinson, Kelly Anne, i kellyhutchinson@gmail com. "Mapping the dynamics of social enterprise and ICTs in Cambodia: a study of perception, use and benefit of ICT in development of the social enterprise space". RMIT University. Business Information Technology, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080213.144134.

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As Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and social enterprises become drivers of economic growth, the nexus provides opportunities for new models of business to bring benefits to communities in developing countries. Recognising the complex dynamics and range of actors in this diverse and emerging sector, this study chooses to document the external influences, use and impact of ICT on social enterprises. The problem investigated is the potential gap between the rhetoric of the 'promise of e-business' versus the dynamics of enactment and impacts of ICT in practice in the social enterprise sector. The methodology consists of a mixed-method data collection strategy to triangulate data sources from a diverse cross-section of organisations in the social enterprise sector in Cambodia. These include a cross-sectional survey, interviews, observations, document analysis and review of artefacts. It is unclear whether the Cambodian social enterprise sector represents a unique case or is representative of other countries. Regardless, the rich dynamics of the sector and the current lack of understanding of ICT use by this sector in developing countries per se warrant such a study. It fills a significant gap in the field of ICT and development by providing an in-depth overview of the social enterprise sector in one developing country, which may also be applicable in other developing country contexts. The research maps the e-business status of Cambodian social enterprises along a continuum from precursor activity to fully integrated e-services. It finds that Cambodian social enterprises believe ICT adds value to their operation; however access to affordable and reliable local ICT resources is an important factor determining long-term uptake. It also shows that external support is seen as vital to the success of ICT uptake by social enterprises in Cambodia. Donors have the most significant influence on social enterprises' framing of ICT, whilst NGOs, associations and the private sector are also important institutional players in shaping understanding and uptake of ICT. The main contribution of the research is to identify the real development impact of ICT use by social enterprises by measuring the role of ICTs in achieving their goals. Its major finding is that social and business missions are inextricably linked within these organisations, so to measure one in isolation of the other denies the new paradigm that social enterprises present. The most active sub-sector explored that best reflects this unique value proposition is the emerging social outsourcing potential of the IT services sub-sector. The handicraft and processing sub-sectors have yet to fully engage and use ICT to their maximum benefit. The outlook for these sub-sectors is likely to require further support to best harness the potential that ICT can bring developing countries.

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Chevallier, Betty. "Essai sur le don d'ovocytes : questionnements éthiques dans le monde d’aujourd’hui". Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA11T104/document.

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Les nouvelles pratiques d’aide médicale à la procréation, notamment celle qu’on appelle « le don d’ovocyte » bouleverse le sens de la parentalité. Elle oblige chacun d’entre nous à expliciter ses conceptions de la vie, à énoncer ses priorités, mais elle oblige aussi la collectivité à prendre conscience d’elle-même et de ce qui peut être acceptable. Est-il moralement satisfaisant qu’une femme donne ses ovocytes pour qu’une autre ait un enfant ?En interrogeant 50 donneuses d’ovocytes, ce travail a cherché à mieux comprendre la signification d’un tel geste.La procréation par don, défie nos habitudes et nos manières de penser. Elle nous réinterroge sur notre capacité de fraternité comme réponse d’un appel de l’un pour l’autre, elle cherche à donner une juste place à ce tiers-donneur qui s’insinue (presque malgré lui) dans un arbre généalogique. Elle bouleverse notre rapport à l’enfant qui se pose comme « un ayant droit à connaître ses origines ». En définitive, ce n’est pas tant la question de l’anonymat du don qui nous importe que ce qu’il en est de l’homme, de son altérité et de ses responsabilités
Reproductive technology, in particular oocyte or egg donation, upsets the meaning of parenthood and raises questions about the circumstances surrounding those who decide to have a child by means of this technology. A woman using egg donation must come to grips with questions such as the meaning of life, and what it means to be a mother. But it also requires that society become aware of what is morally acceptable. Is it morally acceptable for the egg donor to give her eggs to anotherwoman who wants to have a child? We would like to gloss over these issues by the power of love or by the growth of the uterus, but these issues will remain in the minds of everyone and will circulate in the subconscious. The purpose of this essay is to grapple with these issues. Reproduction by gift, it challenges our habits and ways of thinking. It causes us to re-examine the companionship among two people, it creates a role for the egg donor who, almost despite herself, inserts herself into the family tree. It disrupts the relationship being the parents and the child who demands the right to know where they came from. Ultimately, the focus rests not on the anonymity of the egg donor but on the father, his otherness and his responsibility

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Solheim, Karla Nyreen. "Institutional expansion, community relations, and the hospital next door". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33038.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-119).
Hospitals play many roles in a city: alternately, they may be caretakers of the sick, economic engines, intellectual hubs, major employers, and neighbors. This last role has evolved greatly over the last 45 years. The relationship between hospitals and the communities in which they are located has been affected by constantly changing economic, political, and social factors. During the early days of urban renewal in the 1950s and early 1960s, large teaching hospitals in Boston experienced a surge of political and economic power that allowed them to expand with few constraints, often to the detriment of their residential neighbors. Today, the same hospitals must broker complex deals with their neighbors if they wish to expand, offering up a host of community benefits. The process by which the hospital-community power dynamic has evolved has been shaped by the mediating entity of the Boston Redevelopment Agency, which is in turn influenced by the Mayor's Office in Boston. Despite their many roles in the city, it is their sheer physical presence that drives hospitals' relationships with their neighbors. The health care and employment benefits they can provide are not major bargaining chips in disputes over expansion; the important considerations are the tangible elements of power - money and land. The primacy of physical presence as a relationship driver can be illustrated by the differences in the negotiation process that hospitals directly bordering residential communities and extending into them experience, as opposed to hospitals that are not directly on the residential fringe.
by Karla Nyreen Solheim.
M.C.P.

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Satawedin, Patama. "Public relations strategies and blood donation in Thailand : a case study of blood donors and non-donors". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9412.

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The study explores the relationship between public relations strategies regarding blood donation in Thailand and audience responses to blood donation on the part of blood donors and non-donors as a comparative case study in terms of a) demographics, media exposure to blood and blood donation messages, knowledge of blood and blood donation, attitudes towards blood donation, and practices of blood donation and nondonation and b) blood and blood donation media messages. A variety of literature regarding public relations, communication, persuasion, and blood donation was reviewed and explained under a two-way, cyclical process of public relations, starting with analysing the situation, the programming and planning of communication objectives and goals and the defined target audiences, and communicating and implementing public relations strategies. The process ended with feedback and evaluation. To accomplish the objectives of the study, a mixed strategy of semi-structured in-depth interviews and documentary research was used for examining the communication source. Four hundred questionnaires and eight focus groups, divided equally to compare blood donors and non-donors, were employed to investigate responses to blood donation. The study revealed the importance of distributing blood and blood donation messages targeted to raise knowledge, inform attitudes and motivate behaviour change, through the controlled media supplemented by uncontrolled means and personal channels. Similarly, levels of education and knowledge, together with attitudes are all indicative factors in donating blood, while non-donors were lacking those variables. Important reasons for blood donation or non-donation were also, respectively, altruism and fear. Otherwise blood donors and non-donors mainly reflected similar responses to the media messages; however, non-donors made more requests for fear reduction and statistics and attached greater importance to message repetition. The available resources of the communication source, the messages themselves, and the communication channels all play an important role in promoting blood donation to the audiences.

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Barabba, Saleh. "L'aide publique saoudienne au développement : instrument politique ou outil de promotion de développement ?" Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF10389.

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Notre recherche combine deux approches dans l’analyse de la politique étrangère saoudienne relative à l’octroi de l’aide au développement: i) une approche interne (analyse des politique générales : l’élaboration et la mise en œuvre des programmes d’aide publique au développement ; l’identification des principaux acteurs de l’APD et l’analyse des résultats de l’APD ? ii) et une approche internationale (en se basant sur la théorie des relations internationales, nous identifions les mécanismes qui sous-Tendent la politique d’aide saoudienne ainsi que le rôle du Fonds Saoudien de Développement dans l’efficacité et l’efficience de l’Aide Publique au Développement. Nous cherchons, tout au long de ce travail, à apporter des éléments de réponse quant à l’ambivalence qui plane sur le visé de l’APD saoudienne. Nous traitons la question des aides internationales et les programmes du développement présentés par le gouvernement saoudien. L’objectif de ce travail sera donc l’étude et l’analyse du rôle de l’APD saoudienne dans la lutte contre la pauvreté essentiellement dans les pays en développement
Our research combines two approaches in the analysis of Saudi foreign policy on the granting of development assistance: i) an internal approach (general policy analysis: the development and implementation of assistance programs official development identifying the main actors of ODA and analysis of the results of ODA? ii) and an international approach (based on the theory of international relations, we identify the mechanisms that underlie Saudi aid policy and the role of the Saudi Development Fund in the efficiency and effectiveness of ODA. We seek, throughout this work, to provide some answers about the ambivalence that hovers over the target of ODA Saudi Arabia. We treat the issue of international aid and development programs presented by the Saudi government. objective of this work will be the study and analysis of the role of ODA Saudi in the fight against poverty mainly in developing countries

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Konrad, Monica. "Anonymous exchange relations : assisted conception between ova donors and recipients in the United Kingdom". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243726.

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Sque, Margaret Rose Geddes. "The experiences of donor relatives, and nurses' attitudes, knowledge and behaviour regarding cadaveric donotransplantation". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320521.

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Sage, Ashley Bryan. "Donor/acceptor systems for modelling mechanisms and kinetics of hydrogen transfer reactions in relation to coal liquefaction". Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309786.

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Johansson, Hjern Johan. "The Horror of Doors : A study of door design in relation to player experience". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för speldesign, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-265364.

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This study focuses on investigating if specific aspects in texture design, used in the 3D-Models implemented in 3D-digital games, can influence a player's action. The method used is a minor section of a game called a level being constructed for player testing. The level has 6 rooms each with 2 out of 6 different designs of doors. The player will choose one, and with an interview tell us why he or she picked that door. I found that the players choose logic, rather than discomfort, when choosing a door as the choice often was about where the door lead. As the test shows interesting results, it validated my hypthesis in terms of whether a design can affect the player’s choices.
Den här studien fokuserar på att undersöka specifika sidor I textur design som kan påverka en spelares val. Metoden som användes är ett mindre område i spel kallad Level som designades för spelare att testa. Level består av 6 rum med 2 av 6 olika designs på dörrar i varje rum, spelaren väljer en dörr och med en intervju förklarar varför han eller hon valde just den dörren. Jag fann att spelare hellre gjorde logiska val än ett val ledd av obehag när de valde dörr då valet ofta var om vart dörren leder till. Testet visar intressanta resultat men bekräftar också min hypotes när det gäller om en dörr design kan påverka en spelares val.

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Barlow, Bernard Francis. "'A brother knocking at the door' : the Malines Conversations, 1921-25". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13982.

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This thesis examines the history and development of the first "semi-official" face-to-face meetings between members of the Church of England and the Roman Catholic Church since the Reformation. The series of meetings were held at Malines, Belgium, under the presidency of Cardinal Mercier, and extended from 1921-1925. The initiative for these meetings came from private individuals, principally from Lord Halifax (2nd Viscount) on the Anglican side, and Abbe Fernand Portal, a French Roman Catholic priest. By involving Cardinal Mercier in these "private conversations", the participants succeeded in obtaining a guarded measure of authorization from the leadership of both Churches, from Randall Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury, and from Pope Pius XI. When news of these Conversations at Malines eventually became public, it occasioned considerable negative reaction both from Evangelical Anglicans and the more ultramontane English Roman Catholics. The Evangelicals objected that the Anglican participants at these meetings were principally Anglo-Catholics and not representative of the whole Anglican Church, and the Roman Catholics objected to the fact that the meetings were being held on the Continent, and that English Roman Catholics had been excluded from the group of participants. The theological movements and historical conditions of the times militated against the success of these meetings, both in terms of arriving at a common and acceptable theological meeting point, and also in terms of the growing difference in organizational structures of both Churches. It was principally the enthusiasm and vision of Halifax, Portal and Mercier for preparing the groundwork of a united Christendom which provided the momentum for continued meetings. The Malines meetings in themselves did not result in any major ecumenical advance in their own time, but in several substantial ways they have initiated and contributed important elements in methodology and content to the present ecumenical work of the ARCIC Commission and in Anglican/Roman Catholic relations.

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Graham, Erin R. "The Politics of IO Performance: How the Interests of Donors and IO Staff Shape Performance in the Developing World". The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1311697373.

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Shorten, N. "An exploration of the experience of openness in donor conception families in relation to the social and emotional experience of young people". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/11038/.

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Section A provides a critical review of the research literature relating to the legal and ethical rights to awareness of genetic origins in the context of donor conception. Definitions and a historical context of the pertinent issues are provided, followed by a discussion of understanding drawn from theoretical literature and a systematic review of research related to openness in donor conception. Potential gaps and requirements of future research are highlighted. Section B presents the findings of a grounded theory study which aimed to explore the experience of openness in donor conception families, in relation to the social and emotional experience of young people. Participants were 8 mothers, 7 fathers and 5 young people from 11 UK heterosexual families. Young people were aged between 12 and 25 years. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and the data analysed using Charmaz’s constructivist grounded theory model (2006). The constructed grounded theory extends current research and highlights the complexity involved in the process of being open about donor conception. The constructed model presents a cyclical process reflecting the on-going nature of the experience and demonstrates that openness is not a one-off event, but is continually negotiated throughout the development of the child and family. The model suggests that positive outcomes for the child and family can be achieved through openness. Section C provides a critical appraisal of the research methodology and findings, as well as clinical implications and suggestions for future research.

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Heide, Viktor, i Björn Johansson. "Door openers, bridges and mercenaries : A thesis about Swedish International New Ventures internationalization process". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-36799.

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The purpose of this thesis is to see how home networks and relationships are involved in the internationalization process of INVs. Therefore we will investigate how INVs are affected and use their home networks/relationships and to reach this purpose we have formulated two research questions:  What roles do relationships and networks on the home market have for Swedish INVs internationalization?  How do Swedish INVs use domestic relationships and their home network when internationalizing? The theoretical framework thus includes INV theory in order to categorize the case companies, networks and relations theory to see if different types of INVs respond differently to their different types of networks and international entrepreneurship theory as a higher theoretical lens to analyse the entrepreneurial behaviour. The methodology is qualitative and has an abductive approach, combined with a multiple case study on six companies which fall under the INV category. We have divided the gathered empirical data and analysed the cases where empirical data will be interpreted with the theoretical framework. The study’s conclusion indicates that INVs use their home networks/relationships as door openers to foreign markets. We then present the theoretical gap we found within the field of research and the theoretical contribution we found as well as suggestions for further research and managerial implications for practicing managers.

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Ault, Jonathan Bennett. "Closing the Open Door Policy: American Diplomatic and Military Reactions to the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905". W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625920.

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Mone, Jinrui Zhang. "West meets East: An exploration of the ways American university development officers can build guanxi with Chinese parents". Scholarly Commons, 2018. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3557.

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Because philanthropic support from alumni and their families is an important source of revenue for American colleges and universities, identifying ways to connect with Chinese students and cultivate philanthropic support from their parents is an essential component of fundraising efforts. In this study, I explored how American university advancement officers could employ guanxi to cultivate relationships with Chinese parent donors in order to increase U.S. higher education philanthropy efforts. The concept of guanxi, an important aspect of building and sustaining relationships in China, served as the focus for understanding Chinese parents’ connections with their children’s American universities. I employed a qualitative collective case study design using purposeful criterion sampling and conducted research with seven participants. The research findings inform the practice of American university fundraising. The researcher generated specific strategies for American university development officers to build and cultivate guanxi with Chinese parents in order to receive more donations from them. Recommendations for further research are also provided.

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Mountford, Benjamin Wilson. "The open door swings both ways : Australia, China and the British World System, c.1770-1907". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f5f97280-2bda-4dec-86e6-0b9238ed9f21.

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This doctoral thesis considers the significance of Australian engagement with China within British imperial history between the late-eighteenth and early-twentieth centuries. It sets out to explore the notion that colonial and early-federation Australia constituted an important point of contact between the British and Chinese Empires. Drawing on a long tradition of imperial historiography and recent advances in British World and Anglo-Chinese history, it utilises extensive new archival research to add a colonial dimension to the growing body of scholarship on the British Empire’s relations with Qing China. In doing so, it also seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the internal dynamics and external relations of Britain’s late-Victorian and Edwardian Empire. The following chapters centre around two overarching historical themes. The first is the interconnection between Chinese migration to Australia and the protection of British mercantile and strategic interests in the Far East as imperial issues. The second is the relationship between Australian engagement with China and the development of the idea of a Greater Britain. Each of these themes throws up a range of fascinating historical questions about the evolving character of Britain’s late-Victorian and Edwardian Empire, the inter-relation of its various parts and its ability to navigate the shifting winds of political and economic change. Taken together, they shed new light not only on Anglo-Australian, Anglo-Chinese and Sino-Australian history, but also serve to illuminate a series of triangular relationships, connecting the metropolitan, Far Eastern and Australian branches of the British Empire.

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Opongo, Elias Omondi. "NGO Peacebuilding in Northern Uganda: Interrogating Liberal Peace from the Ground". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5429.

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The question of what agenda drives NGO peacebuilding in post-conflict setting has been raised in a number of literatures which make generalized conclusions that NGOs tend to respond to the liberal peace agenda, and in the process co-opt local peacebuilding initiatives. Liberal peace agenda refers to the post-conflict peacebuilding approach based on the promotion of democracy, economic liberalization, human rights and the rule of law. As such, NGOs are seen as privatizing peacebuilding, marginalizing local initiatives and applying unsustainable approaches to peacebuilding in post-conflict contexts. Provoked by these assertions, I conducted field research in northern Uganda, which up to 2006 had experienced 22 years of conflict between the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) and Government of Uganda (GOU). I contend in my findings that while to some extent the generalized observations made by liberal peace critics are true, they fail to fully engage with the micro aspects of post-conflict peacebuilding. The macro-analytic assertions of the liberal peace critics ignore the plurality of the NGO peacebuilding practice, the diverse internal organizational culture, and the complexities and diversities of the contextual dynamics of post-conflict settings. My research was based on a micro level analysis and demonstrated that the peacebuilding process in northern Uganda was interactive, and, as such, engendered diverse encounters of sense-making, relationship building and co-construction of peacebuilding discourse and practice between NGOs, donors and local community. The study shows that peacebuilding was essentially relational and developed through a process of relational constructionism, which denotes social processes of reality construction based on relational encounters.

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Eriksson, Jennie, i Annie Ramsing. "Intensivvårdssjuksköterskans upplevelser gällande sin kompetens kring donationsvården : En kvalitativ intervjustudie". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap (HV), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-62524.

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Bakgrund: Organdonation och transplantation har gjort det möjligt att både rädda liv och även förbättra livskvaliteten för ett stort antal personer. Problematiken som idag råder är att det finns ett stort glapp mellan behovet av organ och tillgången till organgivare. Intensivvårdssjuksköterskan har ett ansvar att se till att potentiella donatorer fångas upp och uppmärksammas på intensiven. Att vårda en potentiell donator samt bemöta anhöriga är en utmaning och kräver både kunskap och erfarenhet för intensivvårdssjuksköterskan. Syfte: Att belysa hur intensivvårdssjuksköterskan upplever sin kompetens gällande vårdandet av en donator och bemötandet av anhöriga under donationsprocessen på en intensivvårdsavdelning. Metod: Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio intensivvårdssjuksköterskor. Data analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ latent innehållsanalys. Resultat: Det ansågs viktigt att intensivvårdssjuksköterskan bemötte både donatorn och anhöriga på ett professionellt sätt, dels bemöta donatorn med värdighet och respekt samt att vara lyhörd och visa empati gentemot anhöriga. Intensivvårdssjuksköterskorna upplevde svårigheter när donatorns önskan inte var känd, att vården var tidskrävande, få anhöriga att förstå att deras närmaste avlidit, samt att några intensivvårdssjuksköterskor tog upp punkter som kunde förbättras för att öka antalet donationer. Samtliga intensivvårdssjuksköterskor upplevde att de hade tillräckligt med kunskap för att vårda en donator men att uppdatering och utbildning behövs alltid. Debriefing eller samtal var något annat som togs upp vilket de flesta upplevde som viktigt för att inte ta med arbetet hem. Slutsats: I studien identifierades brister inom donationsvården och att mer utbildning och riktlinjer kan medföra att dessa skulle kunna minskas. Studien har också bidragit till ökad förståelse och kunskap kring donationsprocessen inom intensivvården. Detta är något som författarna tros kunna ha nytta av i sitt framtida yrke som intensivvårdssjuksköterskor, men också att resultatet i studien kan vara till nytta för andra intensivvårdsavdelningar i Sverige.
Background: Organ donation and transplantation has made it possible to both save lives and also improve the quality of life for a large number of people. In recent years there has been a large gap between the need for organs and the availability of organ donors. Intensive care nurses have a responsibility to ensure that potential donors are identified and highlighted in the intensive care unit. Caring for a potential donor and meet relatives is a challenge and requires both knowledge and experience of intensive care nurses. Aim: To show how intensive care nurses perceive their expertise regarding the care of a donor and the hospitality of relatives during the donation process in the intensive care unit. Method: The study was conducted with a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews with ten intensive care nurses. Data were analyzed using a qualitative latent content analysis. Results: It was important that the intensive care nurses responded to both the donor and family members in a professional manner, but also responding to donors with dignity and respect and to be sensitive and show empathy towards their families. They experienced difficulties when the donor's wishes are not known, the treatment was time-consuming, getting families to understand their loved one has died. Some intensive care nurses brought up a point of view which could increase the numbers of donations. All intensive care nurses felt that they had enough knowledge to take care of a donor but being up to date and training is always needed. Debriefing or conversation was also something else that was raised which most felt was important not to bring work home. Conclusion: The study identified deficiencies in the donation care but with more training and guidelines this could be improved. The study has also contributed to greater understanding and knowledge surrounding the donation process in intensive care unit. This is which the authors believed to be useful in their future profession as intensive care nurses, but also the results of the study can be useful to other intensive care unit in Sweden.

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Conrad, David B. "Lost in the Shadows of the Radio Tower: A Return to the Roots of Community Radio Ownership in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1307383699.

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Juma, Nyabinda Richard. "An Inquiry into the Compatibility of the Demo-Conditionality with State Sovereignty in International law : With Special Focus on The European Union and the African, the Caribbean and the Pacific Countries Relations". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-136109.

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This study examines the issue of compatibility of demo-conditionality with state sovereignty in international law. From a practical perspective, it examines the state of the science with respect to the enforcement of demo-conditionality, in the context of the unique relationship between the European Union and the African, Caribbean and Pacific countries. The practicality of any argument declaring certain norms to be compatible with state sovereignty rests on an assumption that it is possible to distinguish which norms are compatible from those which are not. The validity of such an assumption depends on whether a universal workable test with which to draw this distinction, and its accompanying requirements, has been or can be developed. Therefore, the starting point of this study is to investigate whether such a universal test exists, and if so, what its requirements are. The author reaches a legally appropriate conclusion as to which norms are compatible with the principle of state sovereignty and which not in the international legal system. Thereafter, an investigation is undertaken with regard to the legal premises invoked to justify the compatibility of the demo-conditionality with state sovereignty. To this end, two levels of analysis (also referred to here as two paths) are followed. The first level of investigation concerns the proposition for demo-conditionality’s being premised upon adherence to new treaty obligations governing the parties’ observance of democratic norms. In this context, the examination focuses on Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 as the relevant provision. Other single-issue human rights instruments are also examined to establish whether they compliment Article 25. The second level of investigation explores the possibility for demo-conditionality's compatibility being premised upon obligations of State parties, which arise from the various development co-operation instruments adopted over the years. Here, emphasis is placed upon the question of whether or not these instruments advocate the inclusion of demo-conditionality in development co-operation between donors and recipients of aid. This study ultimately reaches a legally appropriate conclusion, at both levels of analysis, concerning demo-conditionality's compatibility with the principle of state sovereignty. At this juncture, a recommendation is made as to which of the two paths is the legally safer one for the pursuit of the demo-conditionality in development co-operation. On the question of what constitutes a more successful international approach to the establishment of democratic governments in the South, this study has undertaken a comparative analysis, making suggestions with respect to two models: the "Enforcement Model", based upon coercive enforcement measures, and the "Managerial Model", based upon an approach of co-operative dialogue. Finally, the study examines the state of the science with respect to enforcement of demo-conditionality, with a focus on the special relationships between the European Union and the African, Caribbean and Pacific countries. This is designed to provide a degree of insight into the practical aspects associated with the enforcement of demo-conditionality.

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Saint-Bauzel, Roxane. "Odeurs et demandes d'aide implicites : aider par le bout du nez". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10161.

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Les odeurs affectent nos jugements, nos perceptions voire nos comportements, et plus particulièrement les comportements d’aide spontanés (Baron, 1997), même si ce champ de recherches reste peu exploré en psychologie sociale. Dans une première série de recherches, nous avons tout d’abord répliqué l’effet de l’odeur (vanille versus camphre, toutes deux pré-testées comme des odeurs agréables) d’un demandeur sur les comportements d’aide subséquents. Puis dans une seconde série de recherches, nous avons exploré expérimentalement l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’humeur médiatise la relation odeur-comportement, dans le paradigme de soumission sans pression du pied-dans-la-porte (Freedman & Fraser, 1966) avec demande implicite (Uranowitz, 1975). Rappelons que le pied-dans-la-porte (cf. méta-analyse) est une procédure éprouvée consistant à faire précéder une requête-cible généralement coûteuse d’une requête dite préparatoire qui l’est moins. Les effets de pied-dans-la-porte sont classiquement interprétés en termes d’engagement (Kiesler, 1971) ou en termes d’auto-perception (Bem, 1966, 1972). Les résultats obtenus dans ce paradigme attestent que l’efficacité du pied-dans-la-porte est affectée par l’odeur portée par le demandeur : lorsque celui-ci porte une odeur de camphre, les effets de pied-dans-la-porte ne sont plus observés, sans pour autant valider que l’odeur a un impact sur l’humeur des sujets. Difficilement interprétables en termes d’engagement ou d’auto-perception, nous avons exploré dans une troisième série de recherches une interprétation alternative de nos résultats : l’odeur d’autrui véhicule per se des informations sociales et ce sont ces informations qui orientent les comportements d’aide, et qui peuvent sous certaines conditions contrecarrer les effets pourtant robustes du pied-dans-la-porte. Pris globalement, les résultats recueillis auprès de mil-quatre-cents sujets pour la plupart en milieu écologique, articulés à une méta-analyse actualisant celle plus ancienne (Burger, 1999) nous ont amené à proposer un modèle intégratif permettant de rendre compte de l’impact des caractéristiques des demandeurs sur l’efficacité du pied-dans-la-porte
Although this field of research remains poorly investigated in social psychology, some data indicates that odors modify our judgments, our perceptions, our behaviors, and more particularly our spontaneous helping behaviors (Baron, 1997). In a first series of experiments, we replicated a study aimed at evaluating the effect of a perfumed experimenter (vanilla versus camphor, both pre-tested as pleasant odors) on helping behaviors. In a second series of studies, we experimentally investigated the hypothesis according to which mood is a mediator variable of odors influence on helping behavior, in the foot-in-the-door paradigm without pressure compliance (Freedman & Fraser, 1966) with implicit demand (Uranowitz, 1975). Foot-in-the-door paradigm (cf. meta-analysis) is a well-tested procedure consisting in asking for a small request, and then asking for a larger one. Foot-in-the-door effects are classically interpreted in terms of commitment (Kiesler, 1971) or self-perception (Bem, 1966, 1972). Results obtained in this paradigm give evidence that the foot-in-the-door efficiency is affected by the experimenter’s odor: when the experimenter is perfumed with camphor, classical foot-in-the-door effects are not observed any more. However, the results do not confirm the hypothesis according to which odor influence subject’s mood. Neither the self-perception theory nor the commitment theory can account for these results. Thus, in a third series of experiments, we investigated an alternative interpretation: other people’s odors serve as social informations, which influence helping behaviors, which can cancel, under some requirements, the strong foot-in-the-door effects. An update of a meta-analysis (Burger, 1999), conducted on the data collected over four hundred thousand subjects in a naturalistic setting, lead us to propose an integrative model that would explain the influences of the experimenter’s characteristics on the foot-in-the-door efficiency

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Arias, Olivares David. "Relation Among Localization, Delocalization and Physicochemical Properties. From Electron Density Databases to Magnetic Properties Eﬀects of the acceptor unit in dyes with acceptor–bridge–donor architecture on the electron photo-injection mechanism and aggregation in DSSCs The role of Cr, Mo and W in the electronic delocalization and the metal–ring interaction in metallocene complexes". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS015.

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Tout d'abord, nous évoquerons un aperçu général de l'analyse topologique basée sur la densité d'électronique, le trou d'échange-corrélation et la densité de paires. Une fois la densité électronique rappelée, l'analyse topologique de la densité électronique est expliquée, ainsi que la procédure de calcul des points critiques de la densité électronique, le calcul de la matrice hessienne de la densité électronique et la définition des points critiques à la surface. Tous ces outils topologiques permettent de caractériser la nature des liaisons chimiques parallèlement à l'indice basé sur la délocalisation. Afin de comprendre la nature des énergies et des interactions dans les systèmes, l'analyse d'interaction non covalente est expliquée et combinée à l'analyse de décomposition d?énergie. De plus, les états de transition seront étudiés en appliquant les orbitales naturelles pour la valence chimique (ETS-NOCV). Les concepts clés du magnétisme moléculaire sont abordés. Nous nous concentrons sur l'aimantation et la susceptibilité magnétique, les composants diamagnétiques et paramagnétiques provenant de toute réponse magnétique dans les systèmes. Les propriétés de champs magnétiques induits sont étudiés dans le but de comprendre l'aromaticité à travers de deux descripteurs, les déplacements chimiques indépendants du noyau et les densités de courant induit. En annexe à la théorie, l'interaction isotrope dans les composés dinucléaires est introduite pour expliquer et mesurer certaines erreurs trouvées dans la théorie de la fonctionnelle de densité (TFD). [...]
The first property here analysed and related with electronic localization/delocalization is the aromaticity. Aromaticity is an important concept introduced by Kekulé; since then, theoreticians and experimentalist have tried to understand it in different groups of molecules analogues to benzene. The importance of this concept and how the aromaticity is affected by the chemical environment is important to understand and link some physicochemical properties. i.e., reactivity, stability, magnetic response. The physicochemical properties of interest are the electronic structure, the nature of bonds and organometallic interactions(differentiation between metallocenes and metallabencenes). Furthermore, the magnetic response and the study of building blocks as possible candidates to make nano-wires or new low-dimension magnetic materials. Finally, we try to understand the interaction and the errors involved in some properties theoretically computed like, the isotropic coupling between metals through aromatic (or organic) units that have become important benchmark molecules to study magnetic properties in inorganic as well as metal-organic systems [...]

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Rocha, Pedro Capuani. "Doadores de granulócitos, plaquetas e sangue total. O real perfil altruístico e seu capital social". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5167/tde-15102013-162424/.

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O concentrado de granulócitos é um importante componente para o tratamento de pacientes oncológicos. A doação deste componente é mais complexa do que outras doações de sangue ou hemocomponentes, porque necessita de maiores esforços e assumção de riscos por parte do doador e, também, o uso de equipamento automatizado de aférese. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de aumentar o conhecimento sobre a população de doadores de granulócitos e avaliar a diferença entre suas motivações para realizarem as doações e seu capital social geral comparando com doadores de plaquetas e doadores altruistas de sangue total. Com esses resultados os hemocentros que realizam a coleta de granulócitos não só poderão ter informações mais objetivas que tornem mais eficaz o recrutamento deste tipo de doador e, consequentemente, aumentar a disponibilidade deste componente como também, identificando um perfil semelhante dos doadores de granulócitos na população geral de doadores o banco de sangue poderá fidelizar estes indivíduos e promover doações de sangue mais seguras. O perfil dos doadores de granulócitos foi avaliado a partir de um estudo caso-controle, sendo o grupo casos formado por estes doadores (n=64) e, os controles por doadores de plaquetas (n-64) e de sangue total (n=68), na razão de um caso para dois controles. Doadores de granulócitos são principalmente do sexo masculino e com idade mais avançada do que os controles. Com referência às motivações para doarem, doadores de granulócitos não se diferem substancialmente dos doadores de plaquetas, mas em relação aos doadores de primeira vez de sangue total há diferenças consideráveis principalmente no que diz respeito ao interesse nos resultados dos testes sorológicos. Doadores de sangue total são quase duas vezes mais motivados a doarem pelo recebimento dos resultados comparados aos doadores de granulócitos, bem como também se motivam mais a doarem para tirar o dia de folga do trabalho o que indica um gesto de menor altruísmo destes daodores. O perfil sócio determinante entre os grupos de doadores também se difere, doadores de granulócitos são pessoas efetivamente mais engajadas socialmente comparados aos controles e têm de uma rede comunitária mais coesa e confiável, concordando cerca de duas vezes mais do que doadores de plaquetas que têm vizinhos conhecidos que os ajudaria financeiramente (OR=2,49) ou concordando quatro vezes mais que doadores de sangue total que têm vizinhos conhecidos que estariam sempre prontos a ajudar outros vizinhos (OR=4,02). Concluimos que os resultados indicam que há a necessidade dos bancos de sangue utilizarem novas estratégias de recrutamento para aumentar a conversão de doadores, passando a utilizar, além do recrutamento interno, comunicações mais efetivas que, consigam atingir a população foco com maior eficiência, em locais onde a probabilidade de encontrar doadores mais engajados socialmente é aumentada, como clubes, centros comunitários ou associações
The concentrate of granulocytes is an important component for oncologic patient\'s treatment. Donation of this component is more complex than other blood components donations, because it claims more efforts and risks assumptions by the donor, and also the use of automated apheresis equipment. The present study is aimed to increase knowledge about the granulocyte donors´ population and evaluate differences among their motivations to accomplish donations and their general social capital, comparing with platelets apheresis donors and altruistic whole blood donors. These results may help blood centers, which carry granulocyte collection, not just to achieve much more objective information about these donors, but also to identify similar granulocyte donors´ profile within the general population. Blood banks may be able to achieve fidelity among these individuals and to promote safer blood donations. Granulocyte donors´ profile was evaluated in a case-control study. Cases were formed by granulocytes donors (n=64) and controls by platelet apheresis donors (n-64) and first time whole blood donors (n=68), in a ratio of one case per two controls. Granulocyte donors are mainly male and older than controls. Regarding the motivation to donate, granulocyte donors are not essentially different from platelets donors, but regarding first time whole blood donors, there are considerable differences, especially in respect to test seeking. Moreover, whole blood donors are almost twice more motivated to donate to take a day off at work, which shows a minor altruistic gesture. The determinant social profile among donors´ groups is also different. Granulocyte donors are effectively more social engaged people when compared to controls, and have a much more coherent and trustful community net, assenting about twice more than platelets donors, which have acquainted neighbors that would be ever ready to help other neighbors (OR=4.02). In conclusion, these findings indicate that is necessary to blood centers to use new recruitment strategies to increase donor´s retention. More effective communications procedures, besides internal recruitment, that achieves the target with more efficiency in locals where the probability to find donors more social engaged is increased, as clubs, community centers or associations must be warranted

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Alagbe, Mérick Freedy. "La coopération sino-africaine à travers le FOCAC. Contribution à une analyse empirique et théorique de la présence chinoise en Afrique noire". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30014.

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Si la coopération sino-africaine dans le sillage des indépendances nationales des années soixante a trouvé son ferment dans l’idéologie révolutionnaire et l’esprit de Bandung, il n’en est point question de la nouvelle phase qui s’ouvre à l’aube du XXIème siècle. En effet, les mutations internationales intervenues dans la charnière des deux siècles, le renouvellement des acteurs des deux côtés et les réalités endogènes propres à chaque partie, ont accéléré l’entrée dans une nouvelle ère où l’économie devient la pierre angulaire de la coopération. La naissance du FOCAC traduit la volonté de mieux coordonner les relations entre la Chine et l’Afrique, en même temps qu’elle donne la mesure de l’intensité et du volume de leurs échanges. Quelle est donc cette institution qui regroupe autant d’Etats ? Quels sont ses fondements théoriques? Et quelle réponse apporte-elle aux nombreux contempteurs de la présence chinoise en Afrique ? Telles sont les principales articulations de ce travail
Whereas the China-Africa cooperation under the tough era of decolonization in 1960’s was strongly fostered by shared revolutionary ideology and Bandung spirit, that is not the case in the new phase in the early 21st century. Indeed, the deep changes occurred between the two centuries, the renewal of leaders within both sides and internal challenges faced by them, speeded up the entrance into a new era where economy becomes the cornerstone of their cooperation. The birth of FOCAC reveals the willingness to handle effectively the relationship between China and Africa, as well as it shows the intensity and the seize of their trade. What is that institution gathering together so many countries? What are its theoretical foundations? And what kind of response it provides to those who belittle China offensive in Africa? These are shortly, the main outlines of this work

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Daly, Marwa El. "Challenges and potentials of channeling local philanthropy towards development and aocial justice and the role of waqf (Islamic and Arab-civic endowments) in building community foundations". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16511.

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Diese Arbeit bietet eine solide theoretische Grundlage zu Philanthropie und religiös motivierten Spendenaktivitäten und deren Einfluss auf Wohltätigkeitstrends, Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und einer auf dem Gedanken der sozialen Gerechtigkeit beruhenden Philanthropie. Untersucht werden dafür die Strukturen religiös motivierte Spenden, für die in der islamischen Tradition die Begriffe „zakat“, „Waqf“ oder im Plural auch „awqaf-“ oder „Sadaqa“ verwendet werden, der christliche Begriff dafür lautet „tithes“ oder „ushour“. Aufbauend auf diesem theoretischen Rahmenwerk analysiert die qualitative und quantitative Feldstudie auf nationaler Ebene, wie die ägyptische Öffentlichkeit Philanthropie, soziale Gerechtigkeit, Menschenrechte, Spenden, Freiwilligenarbeit und andere Konzepte des zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements wahrnimmt. Um eine umfassende und repräsentative Datengrundlage zu erhalten, wurden 2000 Haushalte, 200 zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen erfasst, sowie Spender, Empfänger, religiöse Wohltäter und andere Akteure interviewt. Die so gewonnen Erkenntnisse lassen aussagekräftige Aufschlüsse über philanthropische Trends zu. Erstmals wird so auch eine finanzielle Einschätzung und Bewertung der Aktivitäten im lokalen Wohltätigkeitsbereich möglich, die sich auf mehr als eine Billion US-Dollar beziffern lassen. Die Erhebung weist nach, dass gemessen an den Pro-Kopf-Aufwendungen die privaten Spendenaktivitäten weitaus wichtiger sind als auswärtige wirtschaftliche Hilfe für Ägypten. Das wiederum lässt Rückschlüsse zu, welche Bedeutung lokale Wohltätigkeit erlangen kann, wenn sie richtig gesteuert wird und nicht wie bislang oft im Teufelskreis von ad-hoc-Spenden oder Hilfen von Privatperson an Privatperson gefangen ist. Die Studie stellt außerdem eine Verbindung her zwischen lokalen Wohltätigkeits-Mechanismen, die meist auf religiösen und kulturellen Werten beruhen, und modernen Strukturen, wie etwa Gemeinde-Stiftungen oder Gemeinde-„waqf“, innerhalb derer die Spenden eine nachhaltige Veränderung bewirken können. Daher bietet diese Arbeit also eine umfassende wissenschaftliche Grundlage, die nicht nur ein besseres Verständnis, sondern auch den nachhaltiger Aus- und Aufbau lokaler Wohltätigkeitsstrukturen in Ägypten ermöglicht. Zentral ist dabei vor allem die Rolle lokaler, individueller Spenden, die beispielsweise für Stiftungen auf der Gemeindeebene eingesetzt, wesentlich zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen könnten – und das nicht nur in Ägypten, sondern in der gesamten arabischen Region. Als konkretes Ergebnis dieser Arbeit, wurde ein innovatives Modell entwickelt, dass neben den wissenschaftlichen Daten das Konzept der „waqf“ berücksichtigt. Der Wissenschaftlerin und einem engagierten Vorstand ist es auf dieser Grundlage gelungen, die Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) zu gründen, die nicht nur ein Modell für eine Bürgerstiftung ist, sondern auch das tradierte Konzept der „waqf“ als praktikable und verbürgte Wohlstätigkeitsstruktur sinnvoll weiterentwickelt.
This work provides a solid theoretical base on philanthropy, religious giving (Islamic zakat, ‘ushour, Waqf -plural: awqaf-, Sadaqa and Christian tithes or ‘ushour), and their implications on giving trends, development work, social justice philanthropy. The field study (quantitative and qualitative) that supports the theoretical framework reflects at a national level the Egyptian public’s perceptions on philanthropy, social justice, human rights, giving and volunteering and other concepts that determine the peoples’ civic engagement. The statistics cover 2000 households, 200 Civil Society Organizations distributed all over Egypt and interviews donors, recipients, religious people and other stakeholders. The numbers reflect philanthropic trends and for the first time provide a monetary estimate of local philanthropy of over USD 1 Billion annually. The survey proves that the per capita share of philanthropy outweighs the per capita share of foreign economic assistance to Egypt, which implies the significance of local giving if properly channeled, and not as it is actually consumed in the vicious circle of ad-hoc, person to person charity. In addition, the study relates local giving mechanisms derived from religion and culture to modern actual structures, like community foundations or community waqf that could bring about sustainable change in the communities. In sum, the work provides a comprehensive scientific base to help understand- and build on local philanthropy in Egypt. It explores the role that local individual giving could play in achieving sustainable development and building a new wave of community foundations not only in Egypt but in the Arab region at large. As a tangible result of this thesis, an innovative model that revives the concept of waqf and builds on the study’s results was created by the researcher and a dedicated board of trustees who succeeded in establishing Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) that not only introduces the community foundation model to Egypt, but revives and modernizes the waqf as a practical authentic philanthropic structure.

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37

Harris, David, i F. M. Conteh. "Government-donor relations in Sierra Leone: who is in the driving seat?" 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17319.

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Yes
Since the cessation of conflict in 2002, Sierra Leone has experienced extraordinary levels of involvement from Western donors. Paradoxically, while relationships are often portrayed on the ground as strong with significant donor influence, our research shows considerable fluidity in individual and institutional relationships. The article disaggregates donor-government relations at various levels over a short but crucial period, 2010-16, asking in each case who occupies the driving seat. In so doing, the article interrogates the concept of ‘extraversion’, investigating to what extent government - and indeed donors - has space in which to manoeuvre and how and why government and donors act as they do in this space. The period 2010-16 is of particular interest due to extreme iron ore price volatility and the Ebola epidemic of 2014–15. The article adds much-needed critique and empirical evidence to the debate on donor influence and ‘extraversion’.
The full-text of this article will be released for public view on publication.

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38

Stewart, Kendra Ray. "Phlebotomist interpersonal skills as a predictor of blood donor reactions and retention /". 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/315244.

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39

Bout, Maarten. "The Joy of Asking: An Analysis of Socioemotional Information in Fundraiser Contact Reports". Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/18685.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
In this study we examined 381 interactions between Donors and Fundraisers from a large research university by analyzing their Contact Reports. Specifically, we examined whether we could extract measures of fundraiser empathy through the application of a coding scheme and linguistics analysis, and whether there are differences in the reports based on donor characteristics. We found evidence that there are significant differences between how fundraisers write reports and what they include in them, based on school of graduation and type of interaction, but little difference in their treatment by donor gender. We conclude that indeed measures of empathy can be extracted from Contact Reports, but that minimum standards of reporting should be adopted by fundraising organizations in order to support using Contact Reports as qualitative evaluation tools.

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40

Van, Heerden Schalk. "Nutmeg¹ : power relations between a Mozambican grassroots organisation and its donors". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5223.

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M.A.
A linear managerialist paradigm is considered normative in the planning, implementation and evaluation of development through sport initiatives. Such an approach is also assumed in an audit culture that has a clear bias for quantitative indicators that measure pre-set outputs and outcomes. The global popularity of using sport, especially football, as a development tool is being confronted with an uncompromising evidence burden, expecting rigid justification for money spent effectively. This approach is epitomised by techniques such as logical frameworks, which in turn make epistemological and ontological assumptions that are often in conflict with the local paradigms of recipients. What effect does this normative approach have on localised initiatives? A grassroots organisation (GRO) in central Mozambique instinctively employs a strategy of contestations and compromises to ensure that the people benefit from the ‘sport and dev’ industry, while maintaining their dignity. The history of Mozambique coupled with radically distinct contexts lead to donors and recipients collaborating without the ideals of equality, partnerships, transparency and participation being realised. Local beneficiaries start to play subversive games once they sense that they cannot change the donors’ offending impositions. A case study in central Mozambique, reinforcing the work of critical scholars, points to a recognition of unequal power relations as the first step out of the current impasse. An ethnographic approach reveals the complexity of inter-personal relationships, multiplicity of stakeholders and how a simple concept such as friendship can redefine power relations. The sustainability of the specific development through a football programme seems to hinge on the quality of friendship between all the actors that make up an unarticulated network, governed by unspoken rules.

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41

Lin, Han-Hsuan, i 林涵萱. "Organ donation experiences of donor relatives - A narrative research of 6 families". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02548067176972804784.

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碩士
高雄醫學大學
醫學社會學與社會工作學研究所
100
Since long ago, the subject of organ donation was discussed by charity and helpful social cultural context. This research, from the organ donor families point of view, mainly to inquire into the unique of families’ grief experience and organ donation experience, the links between organ donation families’ experience and organ donor, organ donation families how to construct their own story and define organ donation in their life, and the correlation between the donation experience of donor families and the track of the whole life. This research adopts narrative research analysis method. Collect and arrange the personal life story of six donor families by depth interview method, the researcher is organ donor family to produce the interaction of ‘intersubjectivity’, and realize organ families of donation experience with the track of whole life. The results of this research are as follows: 1. Brain death is not only the determinants of organ donation families’ behavior, we could realize the condition and behavior of donation through the context of altruistic and egoistic. 2. Organ donation families’ grief is the practice experience to maintain and reappear the life links with organ donor. 3. Towards the bereavement , organ donation families’ experience is related to the past life, the way of medical team’s illustration and handling, religious belief and traditional social culture. According the above findings, the research is aimed at making specific recommendations for medical team, the way of realizing the organ donation families’ grief experience and the related research in the future.

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42

Brody, Betsy Teresa. "Opening the door? immigration, ethnicity, and globalization in Japan /". 2000. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/49386981.html.

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43

"The impact of China's open door policy on Hong Kong's industrial development". Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885968.

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44

Wong, Yu Ting Forester. "Wolves at the Door: A Closer Look at Hedge Fund Activism". Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D89G5MV6.

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Some commentators attribute the success of certain hedge fund activism events to “wolf pack” activism, the support offered by other investors, many of whom are thought to accumulate stakes in the target firms before the activists’ campaigns are publicly disclosed. This paper investigates wolf-pack activism by considering the following questions: Is there any evidence of wolf-pack formation? Is the wolf pack formed intentionally (by the lead activist) or does it result from independent activity by other investors? Does the presence of a wolf pack improve the activist’s ability to achieve its stated objectives? First, I find that investors other than the lead activist do in fact accumulate significant share-holdings before public disclosure of activists’ campaigns, a result consistent with wolf-pack formation. Second, these share accumulations are more likely to be mustered by the lead activist rather than occurring spontaneously. Notably, for example, the other investors are more likely to be those who had a prior trading relationship with the lead activist. Third, the presence of a wolf pack is associated with a greater likelihood that the activist will achieve its stated objectives (e.g., will obtain board seats) and higher future stock returns over the duration of the campaign.

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45

Forsman, Linus, i 李諾. "How Non-Governmental Organisations Confront Donors: The Effects of Inter-Organisational Relations and Social Networks in the Anti-Human Trafficking Field". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/c5t8zz.

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碩士
國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程(IMPIS)
106
NGOs working with human rights and development make a relatively small impact with their work, considering their vast number and the monetary support they receive. Scholars have formulated a great deal of conflicting arguments and theories on the inter-organisational relations and network effects on NGOs performance. The literature disagrees on the process of how the relationship between donor organisations and NGO affect the NGO’s work. One promising explanation for their limited impact is the problems of coordination. Particularly, this study explores concepts on inter-organisational relations and network effects on an anti-human trafficking NGO working in Southeast Asia. The researcher has investigated documents and conducted interviews at the NGO, as well as observed their work. By using a process tracing method, the data shows that the type of donor matters for the performance of the case NGO. The main finding is that the donors bureaucratises the NGO at the expense of its performance, the effect is stronger if the donors are dependent on governmental back-donors. Furthermore, the demands on the NGO from the donors seem to favour short-term projects that are measured quantitatively, rather than long-term projects. Some donors have also disturbed the NGO’s network of partners and its relationship to the target group. However, the NGO tries to resist the demands through negotiation. Levels of trust between the donor and the NGO seems to moderate mentioned effects, as higher trust facilitates a successful negotiation by the NGO with the donor, and improves management assistance provided by the donor. Severe trust issues have lead the NGO to end its relationship with its donor.

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46

Carvalho, Carla Santos de. "Os donos da terra.As donas da terra. Ou...As terras de ninguém. Questões agrárias e desenvolvimento em Santiago, Cabo Verde". Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18152.

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Doutoramento em Estudos do Desenvolvimento
A análise de género no setor agrário, em Cabo Verde, aponta que as mulheres se relacionam com a terra através de mecanismos muitos inseguros de exploração e possuindo as parcelas menos produtivas. Neste sentido, partimos do pressuposto de que os direitos de propriedade às terras agrícolas assentam em lógicas desiguais, historicamente construídas. Assim, propomos objetivar e compreender as lógicas sociais e culturais quanto ao acesso, posse e controlo das terras agrícolas, mapear a situação de homens e mulheres relativamente aos direitos de propriedade às terras agrícolas e observar as relações de poder entre os intervenientes no processo de articulação da produção agrícola com o mercado. Partimos do pressuposto de que “nenhuma ação e/ou situação é neutra no que diz respeito ao género”. Neste sentido, a estratégia metodológica incluiu instrumentos de pesquisa sensíveis ao género e uma combinação de análise quantitativa e qualitativa fazendo recurso ao inquérito, entrevistas e histórias de vida. Charco e Boaventura, situadas na ilha de Santiago, foram palcos da pesquisa de campo. São comunidades que vivem da agricultura e onde a estrutura fundiária influencia o uso da terra e a prática agrícola, com desigualdades entre os agregados familiares representados por homens e por mulheres. Os agregados representados por mulheres enfrentam maiores constrangimentos no acesso à terra, têm menos probabilidades de serem proprietários de terra, estão na posse de menores parcelas de terras, têm acesso limitado aos demais fatores de produção, dedicando-se maioritariamente a um cultivo de subsistência. Esta situação resulta em desigualdades de rendimento e segurança alimentar nos agregados familiares ao longo de um diferencial de género nas políticas de desenvolvimento no setor agrícola destas comunidades.
Gender analysis in the agrarian sector in Cabo Verde indicates that women are related to the land using very insecure tenure systems and have access to the least productive plots. In this sense, we assume the standpoint that property rights to agricultural land are based on historically constructed biased logics. Thus, we aim to understand the social and cultural construct regarding the access, possession and control of agricultural land, to map the situation of men and women in relation to property rights to agricultural lands and to observe the power relations between the actors in the articulation process of agricultural production with the market. We start from the assumption that “no action and/or situation is gender neutral”. In this sense, the methodological strategy included gender-sensitive instruments and a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis using surveys, interviews and life histories to collect information. Boaventura and Charco, located on the island of Santiago, were the location of field research. They are communities that live from agriculture and where the land structure influences land use and agricultural practice, with unequal differences between households represented by men and women. Empirical data indicate that households headed by women, compared to men, face greater constraints on access to land, are less likely to own land, are in possession of smaller plots as well as limited access to resources, and are still mostly dedicated to subsistence production. This situation results in gender inequalities and influences development policies in the agricultural sector of these communities.
N/A

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47

Tsereteli, Salome. "Rozšiřování NATO: Vyhlídky Gruzie na členství". Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372958.

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NATO's enlargement policy has been opposed by Russia. The disagreements over Georgia's pro Ronald Asmus "a little war that shook the world". concept of 'NATO Georgia relations' within the theoretical framework of leading IR approaches in 'pillars' of NATO Georgia relations) each perceive the Atlantic Alliance's enlargement and approaches are best theorized separately since all three nations " ". The thesis contributes an alternative theoretical explanation behind Georgia's -

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