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1
Klein-Wohl, Esther. "Second language reading and distance education". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020226/.
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This thesis is essentially concerned with two main issues: reading and distance education (DE). The purpose of the study is to devise a feasible teaching/learning model for second language (L2) reading instruction for academic purposes to adult learners studying in a distance delivery system. The proposed Model is derived from a conceptual analysis of the research in reading and in DE. We examine the theoretical principles of reading as a context of language use and of DE as a context of language instruction in order to identify the favourable elements of distance learning that render L2 reading a good case for treatment in that mode. Our conceptually based Model provides criteria for the design of instructional materials and represents an ideal operational structure for teaching L2 reading at a distance. It also claims to account for many of the deficiencies found in L2 language pedagogy. The applicability of the Model is demonstrated when it serves as an instrument used for a qualitative evaluation of the existing English reading comprehension course at the Open University of Israel. On the basis of our theoretically informed Model, a sample unit is presented which constitutes a pedagogical hypothesis that reflects the way we suggest L2 reading for academic purposes in a distance delivery mode should be taught.
2
Salbego, Nayara Nunes. "Language learner autonomy in a distance education program". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2014. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/123347.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários, Florianópolis, 2014.Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-06T18:06:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 326640.pdf: 1210396 bytes, checksum: edc8fc62695b17447b4399ee821dd1f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Este estudo teve o objetivo de analisar a percepção de alunos e de tutores com relação à forma como iniciativas autônomas fomentaram o desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades em Inglês (ler, escrever, ouvir e falar) ao longo do Curso de Letras Inglês Licenciatura a Distância oferecido pela Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (2009-2013). Investigou-se (a) quais iniciativas autônomas ajudaram os alunos desenvolver suas habilidades linguísticas em Inglês; (b) como os alunos perceberam suas próprias iniciativas para o desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades; e (c) a visão dos tutores sobre o papel da autonomia no desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades dos alunos. Para coleta de dados, 21 alunos do curso responderam um questionário online que abordava o conceito de autonomia relacionado ao desenvolvimento linguístico no curso; 20 deles escreveram um texto reflexivo sobre o mesmo tema; e 4 destes foram entrevistados. Além disso, 2 tutores presenciais de polo foram entrevistados, a fim de se ter a perspectiva deles quanto às iniciativas autônomas dos alunos. Pesquisadores como Holec (1981); Dickinson (1992, 1994); Cotterall (1995); Dias (1994); Finch (2002); White (1999, 2003, 2004, 2006); Moreira (1994); e Paiva (2005, 2006, 2011), os quais teorizaram sobre o tema autonomia de aprendizes de línguas, serviram de suporte para análise dos dados. Uma análise qualitativa dos resultados mostrou que os alunos veem iniciativas autônomas como necessárias para o desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades no curso. Eles apresentaram diferentes exemplos de iniciativas e ações que eles tomaram, as quais auxiliaram no desenvolvimento linguístico. Da mesma forma, os tutores também consideraram que os alunos se beneficiaram por assumir a responsabilidade pelos seus processos de aprendizagem.
Abstract : This study aimed to analyze students' and tutors' perceptions on how autonomy initiatives fostered the development of the four skills in English (reading, writing, listening, speaking) throughout the Distance Education (DE) English teacher education program offered by Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (2009-2013). It investigated (a) what autonomy initiatives helped students develop their language skills in the program; (b) how students perceived their own autonomous initiatives for the development of language skills in English; and (c) how the tutors perceived autonomy assisting students? language skills development. For the data collection, 21 students from the Distance Education (DE) program answered an online questionnaire regarding the concept of autonomy and their language skills development in the program; 20 wrote a reflective report on the same topic; and 4 were interviewed regarding their answers in both the questionnaire and reflective report. In addition, 2 on-site tutors were interviewed concerning their view on autonomy initiatives students presented. Researchers such as Holec (1981); Dickinson (1992, 1994); Cotterall (1995); Dias (1994); Finch (2002); White (1999, 2003, 2004, 2006); Moreira (1994); and Paiva (2005, 2006, 2011), who theorized about language learner autonomy, enlightened the discussions and data analysis. A qualitative analysis of the results showed that students perceived autonomous initiatives as necessary and positive concerning the development of the four skills in the program. Students presented different characteristics and actions of autonomous learners. In their perceptions, such characteristics and actions fostered their language development. Tutors also saw students benefiting from their attitude in taking responsibility for their own learning processes.
3
Murphy, Linda Mary. "Reflection and the distance language learner". Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://oro.open.ac.uk/49390/.
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This research examines the role of critical reflection in learning theories and the relationship between Kolb's learning cycle and notions of the 'good' language learner, the deep approach to learning and autonomous learning in the context of adult, part-time, distance language learning. This group of learners is under-represented in the research literature. The research takes an exploratory-interpretative approach. Open University Language students had been invited by their tutors to use materials based on Kolb's learning cycle, designed to encourage critical reflection in order to enhance learning. In-depth interviews explored the experience of users and non-users. Course materials were examined for evidence of encouragement and support for critical reflection and autonomy. The research aimed to establish what OU language learners do to develop productive and receptive language skills and the extent to which they demonstrate capacities of critical reflection and autonomy. It examined the extent to which these capacities were developed via course materials and assignments and the impact of the style and pace of study. It considered whether these capacities could be enhanced by the project materials, as well as the influence of tutors' expectations and approaches. The majority of interviewees exhibited considerable functional activity except in writing skills. They demonstrated characteristics of the 'good' language learner, elements of a deep approach and features of autonomous learning. This contrasted with a surface approach to coursework and assignments, brought about by excessive workload and the controlled, anxiety-provoking nature of assessment. Analysis of assignments also suggested they were likely to evoke a surface approach. Course materials advocated reflection, self-assessment and self-evaluation, but did not support this via teaching or practice and offered few decision-making opportunities. Students exercised the capacity for critical reflection and autonomy to varying degrees. Those who had used the proj ect materials appeared more likely to make decisions about their learning, and set specific goals. The project materials were judged a straightforward framework for reflection. Tutors were positive about the materials but appeared to give little attention to critical reflection. Their concerns about time constraints and student workload may have confirmed student perceptions and discouraged use of the project materials. The research suggests broadening the notion of the 'good' language learner. It proposes more explicit development of learning strategies and the capacity for critical reflection within course materials and tutorials, and giving more attention to the nature and impact of assessment in order to foster 'active', deep, autonomous learning.
4
Marcum, Jared. "Language Proficiency and Cultural Intelligence in Distance English-Language Learning". DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6691.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the viability of an international distance English-language program in the development of language and cultural proficiency. Students participated in tests at the beginning and at the end of the course to determine how well they developed both language and cultural proficiencies. The measures included (a) the computer-administered Oral Proficiency Interview (OPIc) from theAmerican Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), (b) ACTFL-aligned assessments of reading, listening, grammar, and vocabulary skills, and (c) the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS). In addition, course activities surveys provided additional information about student perceptions of course activities. Participants in this study came from various countries as they prepared to attend a U.S. university in Hawaii.The distance learning program fostered language proficiency through various learning activities, with an emphasis on synchronous dialogue over video chat technologies. In addition to English-language proficiency, the program sought to help students learn to effectively communicate with students from other cultures. Cross-cultural proficiency was fostered through cross-cultural dialogue with tutors, teachers, and other students. Students showed improvement in speaking, listening, vocabulary, and grammar. However, on average, students did not show an improvement in reading proficiency. Students reported that dialogue with tutors and teachers was among the most helpful activities in learning English. Students showed some improvement in cultural proficiency. However, this improvement was not universal across all measures of cultural proficiency. Students reported that certain activities—particularly dialogue with tutors and other students—as helpful in developing cross-cultural proficiencies.This study also investigated the relationship between language proficiency and cultural proficiency. Results were mixed. With a few exceptions, cultural proficiency did not predict a student’s language proficiency at the beginning of the course, during the course, or at the end of the course.
5
Armellini, Cesar Alejandro. "Educational technology in in-service language teacher education in open and distance learning settings". Thesis, University of Kent, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322837.
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Palmer, Patrick George. "A strategy for instructional design in distance education second language learning". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1992. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36694/1/36694_Palmer_1992.pdf.
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In this thesis I have developed an instructional design strategy for distance
education second language programs. I have done this because of my
dissatisfaction with the existing instructional design strategies, models and
theories I work with which never seemed to accomplish their purpose
adequately. What appears to be missing in all the existing instructional
design methods is an emphasis on the people involved as opposed to
mechanistic instructional processes. I adopted a post-structuralist research
approach using ethnographic and phenomenographic methodology in
order to investigate systematically the human factor in instructional
design. Through interviews with writers of second language program
materials I analysed their dominant concerns about instructional design.
From this I was able to determine that the lack of consideration of people
as human individuals involved in instructional design processes was
instrumental in their and my dissatisfaction with instructional design
processes. I used this information to develop an instructional design
strategy that would give primacy to people in the instructional design
process and allow a satisfactory process to take place for the design of
distance education second language programs.
7
El-adawy, Rasha Mahmoud. "Teaching EAP Through Distance Education: An Analysis of an Online Writing Course". Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2187.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2010.Title from screen (viewed on July 19, 2010). Department of English, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Thomas A. Upton, Julie A. Belz, M. Catherine Beck. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-106).
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Wat-aksorn, Patchara. "Pedagogical factors and considerations that should be included in the decision-making process for delivery of an EFL/ESL program through distance learning in Thailand : a delphi study /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9964008.
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Bussa, Naga Raju. "WVU - interactive web based distance learning tool". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1116.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 245 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-115).
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Gallivan, Kathleen C. "Do on-line courses support certification needs for West Virginia K-12 teachers of Spanish?" Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5038.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 133 p. : map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-100).
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Cavalcante, Emanuelle Sales. "Atividades de produção oral em língua inglesa na EaD: um estudo na licenciatura à distância de letras inglês da Universidade Federal do Ceará". www.teses.ufc.br, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/15746.
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CAVALCANTE, Emanuelle Sales. Atividades de produção oral em língua inglesa na EaD: um estudo na licenciatura à distância de letras inglês da Universidade Federal do Ceará. 2015. 102f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Letras Vernáculas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Linguística, Fortaleza (CE), 2015.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-28T12:50:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_escavalcante.pdf: 2644144 bytes, checksum: 112db419b512741f3fa3926f05e48f4c (MD5)
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This thesis aims at evaluating oral activities presented in online oral comprehension and production courses from the Universidade Federal do Ceará’s English Letters Course, trying to identify whether 1) Communicative Approach Principles, 2) Task-Based Language Learning and Teaching Principles and 2) L2 Acquisition/Instruction Principles are part of the pedagogical practices of these activities and, therefore, are able to develop the oral production skill in its prospective teachers of English. This research, which is inserted in the field of Applied Linguistics, characterized as exploratory and descriptive, was based mainly on reflections by Brown (2000, 2001) and Ellis (2003,2005). In order to do this research, we elaborated a checklist to evaluate the oral activities presented in two courses: LING 3A: Compreensão e produção Oral and LING 4A: Compreensão e Produção Oral. The results has shown that the general characteristics of Communicative Aproach, L2 Acquisition/Instruction and Task Based Language Teaching and Learning principles are presented in the activities, nevetherless, the last one seems to be the stronger principle. Since then, these activities may have the potential to develop the oral production skills on English Letter’s Course’s prospective teachers of English. However, we have identified the activities proposed in both analyzed courses are mainly controlled or semicontrolled, and do not provide many opportunities for spontaneous speech. They are also in lower rate when compared to other types of activities presented in the courses. In conclusion, we have verified that there is a need of more spontaneous oral activities in distance education courses, specially in those which aims at developing oral skills, since speech is a crutial tool in second language teachers’ pedagogy.
Esta dissertação objetiva avaliar as atividades de produção oral presentes nas disciplinas online de compreensão e produção oral da Licenciatura a distância de Letras Inglês da Universidade Federal do Ceará, buscando identificar se 1) princípios da abordagem comunicativa, 2) princípios do ensino de línguas baseado em tarefas e 3) princípios do aquisição/ instrução de L2 fazem parte do embasamento didático-pedagógico das atividades de produção oral destas disciplinas, e portanto podem ter o potencial de desenvolver a habilidade de produção oral dos professores em formação. Esta pesquisa, que está inserida na linha de Linguística Aplicada, caracteriza-se como exploratória e descritiva e fundamenta-se nas reflexões acerca do processo de ensino-aprendizagem e aquisição de segunda língua principalmente de Brown (2000,2001) e Ellis (2003, 2005). Para realizarmos a pesquisa, elaboramos um instrumento de avaliação (checklist), que foi utilizado para a avaliação dos princípios presentes nas atividades online. Os resultados mostraram que as atividades, no geral, têm características significativas de todos os princípios que nos propusemos a observar, com destaque dos princípios do Ensino Baseado em Tarefas (ELLIS, 2003), podendo ter, portanto, o potencial de desenvolver a habilidade de produção oral dos professores em formação. No entanto, observamos que a maioria das atividades de produção oral propostas nas disciplinas analisadas são, em sua maioria, controladas ou semicontroladas, e que a quantidade de atividades de produção oral é inferior se comparada às outras atividades propostas nas disciplinas. Como conclusão, verificou-se que há a necessidade de que mais atividades de produção oral espontânea sejam propostas, em disciplinas de cursos a distância, principalmente naquelas que visam o desenvolvimento desta habilidade, uma vez que, a fala é um instrumento imprescindível e fundamental para prática dos professores de línguas.
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Fox, Matthew David Nicholas. "Co-operative teaching and learning lifelines : critical information flows in a technology-mediated distance language course". Thesis, Southampton Solent University, 2000. http://ssudl.solent.ac.uk/1243/.
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This study considers critical information flows for successful technology-mediated distance language courses. The critical information flows presented and analysed are a set of key information interdependencies required of the stakeholders in a technology-mediated distance language course: learners; teachers; course designers; course managers. The data for this study comes from a pilot version of The Labguage Learning Network, a technology-mediated distance language course for professionals, designed and implimented by the author. The study is staged process which is divided into two parts. Part one, consisting of four chapters, puts forward a historical and theoretical context for the development of the experimental language course. The four orientation points proposed offer perspectives on language learning, language teaching, technology-mediated language courses and research methodologies relating to language learning and teaching. In part two, the experiment is defined. Data from the experiment are examined in detail, to support the evidence of the successful functioning of the language course from the perspective of: course design; learner experiences of course delivery; tutor experiences of course delivery. New knowledge in part two is presented as three integrated sections of the same study which contribute to the identification and analysis of the critical information flows which form the conclusions of this study. In the first section, the design process behind the Language Learning Network are discussed, to include the pedagogical, technical and managerial aspects. The design and implementation of the Language Learning Network which, through an evolutionary and synthetic process, makes new use of technologies and language pedagogies, is also seen in the context of the four orientation points put forward in Part One. The contribution to knowledge in this section concerns primarily the original design of the Language Network course. In the second section, the operation of the Language Learning Network is considered. Data from interviews and questionnaires administered to a group of learners are presented and analysed. The contribution to knowledge in this study focuses on new insights into a functioning technology-mediated distance language course. In the third section, the dynamics of the relationship between tutors and learners are considered using data from, recorded audio and video tutorialsThe primary contribution to knowledge of this stage is a skills and process framework for use in tutorials. This skills and process framework proposes types of interactions which can be used by teachers to foster high quality interactions in one-to-one teaching and learning situations. In the fourth and concluding part of the thesis, design and implementation issues highlighted in the first three stages are synthesised to propose ten critical 'learning and teachnig lifelines.' These 'lifelines' arise from mapping the design and delivery of technology-mediated distance language learning through the use of critical information flows. The critical information flows can serve as a guide to a new and integrated approach to technology-mediated distance language course development.
13
Opp-Beckman, Leslie. "Characteristics of successful e-partnering in an online distance education course for English as a foreign language (EFL) educators /". Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/6276.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007.Typescript. "This study incorporated data from a 14-week pilot ODE course that the American English Institute (AEI) in the Linguistics Department at the University of Oregon (UO) offered fall 2006. Participants included 49 EFL educators living in 15 different developing countries in the Muslim world"--P. 6. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-175). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
14
Madyarov, Irshat. "Contradictions in a Distance Content-Based English as a Foreign Language Course: Activity Theoretical Perspective". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002672.
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Wang, Yuping, i n/a. "An Inquiry Into Oral-Visual Interaction Via Internet-Based Desktop Videoconferencing for Language Acquisition at a Distance". Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070215.132816.
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The research contained in this thesis involves three interdisciplinary dimensions: Distance Language Education (DLE) as the context of the research, videoconferencing as the technology, and the provision of oral and visual interaction in DLE as the core research problem. Though DLE is increasingly gaining importance at the start of 21st century, the inadequate provision of real-time oral-visual interaction still remains a major deficiency. To be more precise, DLE is still producing language learners who cannot speak the target language. I have outlined the urgency in solving this problem (Wang, 2004a), and it is precisely this urgency that grounds this research. This thesis therefore aims to answer the following central research question: in what ways is oral-visual interaction via videoconferencing able to facilitate L2 acquisition at a distance? In the course of answering the central research question, the following subsidiary questions are closely investigated: 1. What are the needs of distance learners in terms of L2 acquisition? 2. What are the benefits and limitations of videoconferencing-supported oral and visual interaction in the process of L2 acquisition? 3. What are the implications and potential of such interaction for L2 acquisition in distance mode? This thesis is set against a background of research on the importance of interaction in second language (L2) acquisition and the capabilities of Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). Interaction has been regarded as an integral part of communicative language learning, which promotes L2 acquisition (see Gass, 2003; Hall, 1995; Kitade, 2000; Lantolf, 1994; Mitchell & Myles, 1998; Ohta, 1995; Swain & Lapkin,1995). However, the preliminary study in this research established that, in the context of DLE, this interactive dimension has been inadequately provided, and that distance language learners do need an improved platform for L2 acquisition, especially in terms of acquiring speaking skills. The distance factor in distance language education calls for the employment of technology as a medium to provide an interactive platform for oral and visual interaction. Thus, the empirical dimension of this research, involving the participation of both on-campus and distance language learners, witnesses a two-stage evaluation of a particular Internet-based desktop videoconferencing tool, NetMeeting. In this evaluation, NetMeeting was used to conduct videoconferencing sessions, in which the teacher and participants could see and hear each other during the completion of meaning-based tasks. A great deal of original data was collected from the qualitative evaluation in regard to the benefits and limitations of videoconferencing-supported oral and visual interaction in the process of L2 acquisition in distance mode. This evaluation is approached from two aspects: the technological capabilities and pedagogical values of videoconferencing. Recommendations on the use of videoconferencing and videoconferencing task designs are proposed on the basis of the research findings. These recommendations are highly significant for practitioners in this field. Following Murray (1999), a combination of data collection methods was employed in an attempt to effectively explore the scope and depth of the participants' learning experience through videoconferencing. These methods include pre- and post-trial written surveys, in-depth post-session and post-trial interviews, videotaped videoconferencing sessions and the researcher's personal observation. Qualitative data analysis methods were adopted. Particularly important is the use of Varonis and Gass's (1985) model for analysing the negotiation routines during meaning-based task completion. The contributions of this research are manifold. Theoretically, the research updates key definitions in DLE and CMC in keeping with recent developments in each respective field. In so doing, this thesis puts forward a theory of an emerging fourth generation DLE with synchronous oral-visual interaction as its defining feature (Wang & Sun, 2001), and also proposes a new taxonomy in CMC (Wang, 2004). Both theories categorize more precisely the different roles played by different technologies and their implications for different learner goals. Empirically, this research first develops criteria for selecting appropriate videoconferencing tools (Wang & Sun, 2001) and criteria for evaluating the appropriateness of videoconferencing tasks. These two sets of criteria were then applied in the two-stage evaluation of NetMeeting, yielding useful data (Wang, 2004a; Wang, 2004b). This research also contributes to our understanding of videoconferencing task design and performance principles. The significant findings from this research confirm that Internet-based desktop videoconferencing is capable of supporting oral-visual interaction in DLE and leads to significant improvements in L2 acquisition. Most importantly, this study informs future research into the nature of oral-visual interaction enabled by videoconferencing by demonstrating how and in what ways such interaction facilitates L2 acquisition. The rapid development of computer technology makes publishing the contributions of this study an ongoing part of this research, in order to maintain the originality of this study. Some of the findings have been published in top-ranking international journals (see Wang and Sun, 2001; Wang, 2004a; Wang, 2004b). This study addresses a real and urgent need in distance language learning - the provision of oral-visual interaction. Findings from this research shed light on many issues untreated in the literature and in the practices of DLE. They also point to possible future trends in the globalisation of education because the effects of the pedagogical distance between the learner and education provider may be neutralized, or at least, minimized, through the use of CMC.
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Wang, Yuping. "An Inquiry Into Oral-Visual Interaction Via Internet-Based Desktop Videoconferencing for Language Acquisition at a Distance". Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365681.
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The research contained in this thesis involves three interdisciplinary dimensions: Distance Language Education (DLE) as the context of the research, videoconferencing as the technology, and the provision of oral and visual interaction in DLE as the core research problem. Though DLE is increasingly gaining importance at the start of 21st century, the inadequate provision of real-time oral-visual interaction still remains a major deficiency. To be more precise, DLE is still producing language learners who cannot speak the target language. I have outlined the urgency in solving this problem (Wang, 2004a), and it is precisely this urgency that grounds this research. This thesis therefore aims to answer the following central research question: in what ways is oral-visual interaction via videoconferencing able to facilitate L2 acquisition at a distance? In the course of answering the central research question, the following subsidiary questions are closely investigated: 1. What are the needs of distance learners in terms of L2 acquisition? 2. What are the benefits and limitations of videoconferencing-supported oral and visual interaction in the process of L2 acquisition? 3. What are the implications and potential of such interaction for L2 acquisition in distance mode? This thesis is set against a background of research on the importance of interaction in second language (L2) acquisition and the capabilities of Computer Mediated Communication (CMC). Interaction has been regarded as an integral part of communicative language learning, which promotes L2 acquisition (see Gass, 2003; Hall, 1995; Kitade, 2000; Lantolf, 1994; Mitchell & Myles, 1998; Ohta, 1995; Swain & Lapkin,1995). However, the preliminary study in this research established that, in the context of DLE, this interactive dimension has been inadequately provided, and that distance language learners do need an improved platform for L2 acquisition, especially in terms of acquiring speaking skills. The distance factor in distance language education calls for the employment of technology as a medium to provide an interactive platform for oral and visual interaction. Thus, the empirical dimension of this research, involving the participation of both on-campus and distance language learners, witnesses a two-stage evaluation of a particular Internet-based desktop videoconferencing tool, NetMeeting. In this evaluation, NetMeeting was used to conduct videoconferencing sessions, in which the teacher and participants could see and hear each other during the completion of meaning-based tasks. A great deal of original data was collected from the qualitative evaluation in regard to the benefits and limitations of videoconferencing-supported oral and visual interaction in the process of L2 acquisition in distance mode. This evaluation is approached from two aspects: the technological capabilities and pedagogical values of videoconferencing. Recommendations on the use of videoconferencing and videoconferencing task designs are proposed on the basis of the research findings. These recommendations are highly significant for practitioners in this field. Following Murray (1999), a combination of data collection methods was employed in an attempt to effectively explore the scope and depth of the participants' learning experience through videoconferencing. These methods include pre- and post-trial written surveys, in-depth post-session and post-trial interviews, videotaped videoconferencing sessions and the researcher's personal observation. Qualitative data analysis methods were adopted. Particularly important is the use of Varonis and Gass's (1985) model for analysing the negotiation routines during meaning-based task completion. The contributions of this research are manifold. Theoretically, the research updates key definitions in DLE and CMC in keeping with recent developments in each respective field. In so doing, this thesis puts forward a theory of an emerging fourth generation DLE with synchronous oral-visual interaction as its defining feature (Wang & Sun, 2001), and also proposes a new taxonomy in CMC (Wang, 2004). Both theories categorize more precisely the different roles played by different technologies and their implications for different learner goals. Empirically, this research first develops criteria for selecting appropriate videoconferencing tools (Wang & Sun, 2001) and criteria for evaluating the appropriateness of videoconferencing tasks. These two sets of criteria were then applied in the two-stage evaluation of NetMeeting, yielding useful data (Wang, 2004a; Wang, 2004b). This research also contributes to our understanding of videoconferencing task design and performance principles. The significant findings from this research confirm that Internet-based desktop videoconferencing is capable of supporting oral-visual interaction in DLE and leads to significant improvements in L2 acquisition. Most importantly, this study informs future research into the nature of oral-visual interaction enabled by videoconferencing by demonstrating how and in what ways such interaction facilitates L2 acquisition. The rapid development of computer technology makes publishing the contributions of this study an ongoing part of this research, in order to maintain the originality of this study. Some of the findings have been published in top-ranking international journals (see Wang and Sun, 2001; Wang, 2004a; Wang, 2004b). This study addresses a real and urgent need in distance language learning - the provision of oral-visual interaction. Findings from this research shed light on many issues untreated in the literature and in the practices of DLE. They also point to possible future trends in the globalisation of education because the effects of the pedagogical distance between the learner and education provider may be neutralized, or at least, minimized, through the use of CMC.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Viberg, Olga. "Design and use of mobile technology in distance language education : Matching learning practices with technologies-in-practice". Doctoral thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Informatik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-20356.
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This thesis focuses on the adaptation of formal education to people’s technology- use patterns, theirtechnology-in-practice, where the ubiquitous use of mobile technologies is central. The research question is: How can language learning practices occuring in informal learning environments be effectively integrated with formal education through the use of mobile technology? The study investigates the technical, pedagogical, social and cultural challenges involved in a design science approach. The thesis consists of four studies. The first study systematises MALL (mobile-assisted language learning) research. The second investigates Swedish and Chinese students’ attitudes towards the use of mobile technology in education. The third examines students’ use of technology in an online language course, with a specific focus on their learning practices in informal learning contexts and their understanding of how this use guides their learning. Based on the findings, a specifically designed MALL application was built and used in two courses. Study four analyses the app use in terms of students’ perceived level of self-regulation and structuration. The studies show that technology itself plays a very important role in reshaping peoples’ attitudes and that new learning methods are coconstructed in a sociotechnical system. Technology’s influence on student practices is equally strong across borders. Students’ established technologies-in-practice guide the ways they approach learning. Hence, designing effective online distance education involves three interrelated elements: technology, information, and social arrangements. This thesis contributes to mobile learning research by offering empirically and theoretically grounded insights that shift the focus from technology design to design of information systems.
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Muniz-Cornejo, Alice Yvette. "Social distance, motivation and other factors contributing to success in language acquisition and achievement among adolescent Mexican immigrants". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2326.
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Adolescent immigrant English learners who enter U.S. schools at the secondary level are faced with challenges that distinguish their experience in second language acquisition from that of children and adults. Some of the challenges they face include limited time to acquire academic English proficiencey in reading and writing, difficulty in assimilating into English speaking American culture, and limited programs and services at the secondary level.
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Turner, Elisabeth. "Factors in the development of early childhood distance education curriculum materials for language and literacy in Western Australia". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1079.
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Many factors influence the changing nature of education: family structures, cultural diversity, rapid technological change, social conditions. In response to these changes the Curriculum Framework for Western Australian schools has been developed to establish the learning outcomes expected of all students from K-12. Students in isolated and distance education settings are supplied curriculum materials designed to meet their diverse educational needs. This study presents one snapshot of an ongoing research project in which new language and literacy curriculum materials for early childhood distance education learners were developed, trialled and further developed. Some factors that appear to be important in the development of early childhood distance education curriculum materials for language and literacy in Western Australia were identified through the use of grounded theory and explored through the development of draft and final curriculum materials for K-3 students in distance education. These factors include; state government mandated Curricufrm1 Framework and Outcomes and Standards Framework, federal government initiatives, the impact of information and communication technologies, the needs of home tutors, the diversity of students enrolled in distance education and factors related to early childhood language an literacy needs identified through the literature review. The implications highlight the need to continue to seek feedback from all stakeholders, especially home tutors and the need for frequent reviews and rewriting of curriculum materials, taking into account current literature, technologies and pedagogical change.
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EHRLICH-MARTIN, SUZANNE M. "A CASE STUDY OF AN AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE COURSE TAUGHT VIA VIDEOCONFERENCING". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148057666.
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Savas, Perihan. "A case study of faculty support in the Distance English Language Teacher Education Program at Anadolu University in Turkey". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011591.
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Burdis, Jacob R. "Designing a Russian language Learning Course for Brigham Young University Independent Study". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3282.
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In 2010, Brigham Young University Independent Study (BYU IS) sponsored a development project for the creation of a second-year high school Russian language learning course. The objectives of the course were to implement the five standards for foreign language learning as constituted by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages: communication, cultures, connections, comparisons, and communities. The design project is an attempt to implement these principles in an independent distance learning course, with particular emphasis on encouraging meaningful communicative learning in authentic, real-world tasks and contexts. The product of the design is a course deliverable completely online through BrainHoney, a course management system utilized by BYU IS for its courses. The product consists of eleven homogeneous lessons, each with instructional content preparing learners to communicate in a specified context that reflect real-world situations. This paper discusses the obstacles of designing a distance education language learning course, especially facilitating communication in real contexts and the design objective and products geared towards overcoming these obstacles.
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Bolster, Laurie A. "Time-Compressed Professionalization: The Experience of Public School Sign Language Interpreters in Mountain-Plains States". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27047.
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Rapid establishment of interpreting skill and knowledge standards for public school sign language interpreters has created a virtual mandate for their immediate, time-compressed, professionalization. A series of federal laws requiring accessibility to communication for deaf people have escalated demand for interpreters far beyond the supply. Thousands of people with varying levels of knowledge, skill, and experience, have been drawn into service in schools without professional preparation. Responding to specialized research, evaluation, technology, and education related to educational interpreting, states have quickly been establishing standards for interpreting skill and knowledge including phased in degree requirements. Educational interpreters have had to find ways of gaining necessary skill and knowledge rapidly, even though they typically work full-time, in isolation, and have little ready access to resources. Few occupations have experienced a juggernaut-like transition of this nature, leaving insufficient information to understand and address the phenomenon. This study was designed to investigate what we can learn from adults absorbing intense pressure of elevating their education and skills unfolding on a daily basis, most of whom are already experiencing â high-demand low-controlâ work environments. The findings give voice to members of a field of practice at a historic point in the professionalization of their field: sixty five experienced educational interpreters with diverse foundational preparation who completed a specialized, two-year, inservice program delivered at a distance. Online survey research, using a variety of response formats complemented by open-ended questions, generated data which were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics as well as coding schemes for themes and patterns that emerged from the qualitative data. The study illuminated a variety of challenges, successes, and, for some, the transformative nature of the experience, which warrants further study. Beyond acquiring knowledge and skills participants learned how to learn and achieved self-realization of their resilience points. They especially experienced themselves transforming into professionals with abilities to actively contribute to the school environment, reporting themselves to be informed, competent, and confident in all typically expected roles. Challenges typical of the adult distance learner abounded. It is recommended that adult learning principles be incorporated into any such program design, and that the wider interpreting community of practice be expanded as a learning resource. Equally important to recognize are the many people who have the same enthusiasms for the work, and the same professionalizing experiences as their more skilled peers, but who may never become sufficiently skilled to pass interpreting skill exams or their state standards. A follow up study is recommended to learn what emerges next. Is there a place for them in education that fully acknowledges and uses their experience and competencies?Ph. D.
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Plummer, Elizabeth. "A survey of preK-12, university and adult online language educators’ background, experiences, training and challenges". Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6249.
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This study focused on investigating the background, experiences, challenges and training of current online language teachers. An online survey was sent and completed by a total of 264 current online language teachers consisting of a total of 40 questions. Findings show online language teachers are highly experienced in face-to-face classrooms as reported by their years of experience and level of their advanced degrees but typically have less than five years of experience teaching online. They also teach in a variety of contexts including grade levels from early childhood education to adult education; in twenty different countries around the world; as well as twenty languages from commonly taught to less-commonly taught languages. The majority of respondents reported participation in some form of training for teaching online with just over half indicating they had participated in training focused on teaching language online. The area respondents reported having the most training in was technology with assistive technology and professional practice as areas where they report the least amount of training. The most common provider of training was an employer with formats that ranged from a one-time session to ongoing training. Data suggest the practice areas current online language teachers struggle with most in teaching language online are: technology, student autonomy and online language pedagogy. Preferences for professional development in meeting challenges were primarily dependent on if a respondent expressed having a challenge ‘to a great extent’ or ‘to some extent’ with respondents in the former generally preferring structured and the latter unstructured professional development. In suggesting recommendations for training individuals to teach language online, respondents reported that online pedagogy and online language pedagogy should be covered in formal teacher preparation programs in addition to the typically covered areas of technology and facilitation. Relationships across grade levels and languages taught are presented using chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests of significance, independent sample t-tests as well as binary linear regression are utilized in exploring the strength of the relationships among the variables in the present study. The study concludes with a discussion of the educational and theoretical implications and directions for future research.
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Hoffman, David D. "Considering the Crossroads of Distance Education: The Experiences of Instructors as They Transitioned to Online or Blended Courses". DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4910.
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In the short history of online education research, researchers studying teacher experiences regularly relied on anecdotal examples or small samples. This research sought to support and enhance previous findings concerning the best practices in online education through a nationwide survey of online and blended course instructors. The survey inquired about demographics (such as age, race, and gender), professional position(i.e. tenured professor), institution, department, and their initial and current feelings about teaching online education. It questioned if the respondents studied online as students,what resources administrators provided, their audience, length of instructional experience, and personal behaviors such as blogging or using social media. It also asked what they would want administrators to know, all with the intent to verify current beliefs about the best practices, discover additional possibilities, and find practices,demographics, and behaviors that may be associated or correlated with positive or negative experiences in online education. The study did not acquire enough responses to make generalizable statistical conclusions to the population of online instructors at the top higher educational institutions of the United States, yet the findings supported many of the established best practices in online education: establishing teacher presence, choosing the best content, establishing supportive class communities with interactive social activities, using variety, communicating expectations with students, beginning with clearly defined learning outcomes, making the course materials easily accessible and navigable for students, and emulating the best classroom pedagogies while acknowledging and adjusting for the differences. It also revealed six primary factors the participants felt impacted their positive or negative experiences in online learning: (a) the instructor’s impressions that they/the course succeeded or failed; (b) the quality or lack thereof of student responses and learning; (c) the amount of interaction with students in the course; (d) the perceived availability or unavailability of effective, helpful, and timely support from the institution, colleagues, and IT/technical department; (e) the level of reliability, ease-of-use, and functionality of the LMS or software; and (f) the attitude of the instructor about the medium, including the freedom of design and creation;Additionally, it revealed some instructor concerns about fair compensation for time and effort, particularly when beginning online instruction.
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Lewinski, Sandra L. "Relative distance and the use of `this’ and `that’ and possible deictic response". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1418417619.
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Halabi, Maha. "The role of the tutors in supporting learners in a higher education distance language learning programme environment in Saudi Arabia". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18024/.
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Learning and teaching English language from a distance is considered to be a new initiative in the tertiary level of the education system in Saudi Arabia. This research study was conducted to explore the e-tutors’ perceptions of their roles in a Distance English Language Learning Programme (DLLP) in one of the Saudi universities. It further inquiries how these perceptions in this specific context of teaching and learning may help their learners take control over their learning. To fulfill this aim, I adopted an exploratory case study design to gain an in-depth understanding of the topic. Moreover, the following overarching research question was formulated: What are the perceptions of e-tutors about learning and teaching processes in the context of DLLP? A specific focus of the research was to explore the ways in which the tutors might support their distance learners to be autonomous and attain a level of control over their learning. Three data collection methods were used, namely document analysis, reflective journals,and semi-structured interviews. A sample of 14 e-tutors was purposely selected from one Saudi university. Content analysis was used to identify critical issues in the collected documents while a thematic analysis framework (Braun and Clark, 2006) was adopted to interpret the data from the reflective journals and semi-structured interviews. Emerging themes include some interesting, unexpected issues related to this teaching context, such as the cultural constraints and their impact on e-learning in Saudi universities, and the necessity of the use of L1 by the e-tutors in their teaching of the English language. This study’s findings contributed to developing a framework which helps e-tutors to encourage their distance learners to control and manage their learning of English as a foreign language in this specific DLLP. It is hoped that such a framework will be beneficial for other e-tutors in similar teaching environments.
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Kostina, Marina V. "Exploration of student perceptions of autonomy, student-instructor dialogue and satisfaction in a web-based distance Russian language classroom: a mixed methods study". Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1003.
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The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore the relationship between autonomy, student-instructor dialogue, and student satisfaction within a web-based distance Russian language course. Forty six (46) students from two US higher education institutions participated in this study. Using an Exploratory Model with the elements of an Explanatory Model (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007), the qualitative and quantitative data were collected at the middle and at the end of the course to provide thorough investigation of the three variables, to reveal their interactions with each other, and to discover whether these variables and their relationship change over time. Qualitative data were used to explore the aforementioned constructs, and to enhance the instrument tested in the subsequent quantitative phase. An additional quantitative phase at the end of the course, and follow-up qualitative interviews were provided to discover the changes that occurred in the main variables and in their relationships throughout the course. Content analysis was utilized for the interviews, while reliability (Cronbach alpha) analysis, correlational analysis, t-test, and non-parametric Wilcoxon and sign test were used for the data analysis of the surveys. Findings revealed that autonomy, dialogue, and satisfaction have significant correlation at the beginning and the middle point of the course. All three variables grew throughout the course, however the relationships among them significantly decreased towards the end of the course. The conclusions include suggestions and implications for teachers, students, and course developers.
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Decker, James Brandon. "Online Language Acquisition and Leadership in Higher Education-Governed Intensive English Programs: A Rasch-Based Diffusion of Innovation Study". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/edsc_etds/54.
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Research has indicated accredited, U.S. higher education-governed intensive English programs (IEPs) often struggle financially due to a scarcity of resources (namely students) because of political and global economic factors and increased competition (ICEF Monitor, 2017; IIE, 2017; Ladika, 2018; Soppelsa, 2015). However, few IEPs advertise online language acquisition (OLA) courses despite the increase in online study methods at the higher education institutes governing the programs and its use by competitors. The purpose of this study was to determine the status and extent of OLA diffusion in U.S. IEPs, how IEP directors and faculty perceived OLA, and whether they perceived themselves to be the leaders in its diffusion.
Drawing on Rogers’ (1962) diffusion of innovation framework to inform the instrument methodology, this study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional survey. The study used the Rasch measurement model (1960) as the framework informing the instrument’s design and analysis.
All 249 executive directors and 2,492 faculty in the 249 accredited, higher education-governed IEPs were invited to participate in the study, and 328 directors and faculty from 121 IEPs opted to do so. Major findings revealed 40.5% had experimented with online courses within the last five years, and 24.8% offered it currently. The Winsteps dimensionality analysis showed each of the six innovation characteristics performed as a separate strand supporting the dimension of OLA adoption potential. The Wright map and item measures revealed respondents perceived OLA visibility (1.52 logits) as the most difficult-to-endorse characteristic followed by complexity (0.48 logits). The least challenging characteristic was articulated benefits (-0.39 logits), and the easiest item was technology confidence (-1.21 logits) followed by technology clusters (-0.65 logits). Regarding leadership in promoting OLA adoption, 53.2% of the sample claimed they were involved in its leadership at some level, and 31.1% reported leadership involvement at institutes currently lacking online English courses.
This study suggests respondents found OLA to be beneficial for their IEP with articulable results. Cost and technology confidence were not viewed as prohibitive, but respondents lacked confidence that OLA would lead to increased enrollment. Because of the high level of OLA leadership in their IEP, the adoption of online language courses appears to be moving in an upward trajectory.
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Marone, April Dawn. "A distance-learning program to serve migrant families". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2464.
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The education of the children of migrant farmworkers is difficult to manage because of their mobile lifestyle. The dropout rate of these children is extremely high and remains the highest of any group in the United States. This project offers an historical overview of the creation and development of the migrant education programs of today. After examining sample distance learning programs and their important components, this project features a model distance-learning program for migrants. The goal is to create distance learning programs that will allow migrant children to continue school as they travel, guide them to graduation, and lead them toward higher education.
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Vergie, Malvin Patrick. "Effective language use in academic study material for L2 speakers of English at a distance learning institution". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4258.
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Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of STellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The gap which exists between the academic culture represented by lecturers and the nonacademic- culture represented by students at a residential university is even greater at a distance learning institution (DLI). At a DLI, lecturers and students are faced with a number of challenges. Firstly, the majority of distance learning students are older than the average residential student and have added responsibilities related to their families and jobs. Secondly, they come from a wider variety of cultural, educational and socio-economic backgrounds than residential first-years. Finally, the majority of these students have a relatively low proficiency in their second language (L2) English, which is usually their third or fourth language rather than their second language, and which is the language of instruction at South African DLIs. At a DLI, there is little or no face-to-face contact between lecturers and students, and teaching takes place primarily by means of printed study material, specifically study guides. Study guides substitute for the lectures and other contact periods that residential students receive. In addition, study guides have to facilitate the student in the world of a new and sometimes intimidating culture, namely the (tertiary) academic culture. However, many students may have trouble understanding the type of language used in study material (essentially, academic language), sometimes because lecturers do not understand the challenges faced by DLI students and/or because they write in a formal, academic style, which is often not easily accessible to first-year students. This could pose a barrier for learning, as well as for the transition of the student from the non-academic culture to the academic culture. The aim of the study reported in this thesis was to identify the linguistic criteria which a successful study guide for L2 speakers of English should adhere to. These criteria were extracted from literature on effective writing/teaching in general, then discussed in terms of their relevance for the specific purpose of writing effective study guides, and finally applied to critically evaluate the language used in three DLI study guides. The thesis ends with some concluding remarks, a discussion of the implications of the findings of the research, and some recommendations for further research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gaping tussen die akademiese kultuur wat verteenwoordig word deur dosente en die nieakademiese kultuur wat verteenwoordig word deur studente by 'n residensiële universiteit is selfs groter by 'n afstandsonderriginstelling (AOI). By 'n AOI kom studente en dosente voor 'n aantal uitdagings te staan. Eerstens is die oorgrote meerderheid afstandsonderrigstudente ouer as die gemiddelde student aan 'n residensiële universiteit en het hulle bykomende verantwoordelikhede met betrekking tot hul gesinne en werkplekke. Tweedens kom hulle uit 'n wyer verskeidenheid van kulturele, opvoedkundige en sosio-ekonomiese agtergronde as eerstejaarstudente van residensiële universiteite. Ten laaste is die meerderheid van hierdie studente se taalvaardigheid in hulle tweedetaal (T2) Engels relatief laag. In die meeste gevalle is Engels hulle derde of vierde taal eerder as hul tweede taal, terwyl dit ook die taal van onderrig is by Suid-Afrikaanse AOIs. By 'n AOI is daar geen of min persoonlike kontak tussen dosente en studente, en onderrig vind meestal plaas deur middel van gedrukte studiemateriaal, veral studiegidse. Studiegidse dien as plaasvervanger vir die voorlesings en ander kontaksessies wat 'n student by 'n residensiële universiteit ontvang. Ook moet studiegidse die student voorthelp in die wêreld van die nuwe en soms intimiderende kultuur, die (tersiêre) akademiese kultuur. Tog sukkel baie studente om die tipe taal (akademiese taal) wat in die studiemateriaal gebruik word te verstaan, wat soms veroorsaak word deur dosente wat nie 'n goeie begrip het van die uitdagings wat AOI-studente in die gesig moet staar nie, en/of omdat hulle in 'n formele, akademiese styl skryf wat nie maklik toeganklik vir eerstejaarstudente is nie. Dit kan 'n struikelblok vir leer wees, sowel as vir die oorgang van die student vanaf die nie-akademiese kultuur na die akademiese kultuur. Die doel van die studie waaroor daar verslag gelewer word in hierdie tesis was om die linguistiese kriteria te identifiseer waaraan 'n suksesvolle studiegids vir T2 sprekers van Engels moet voldoen. Hierdie kriteria is afgelei uit die literatuur oor effektiewe skryf/onderrig oor die algemeen, en vervolgens bespreek in terme van hulle relevansie vir die spesifieke doel van die skryf van effektiewe studiegidse. Laastens is hierdie kriteria gebruik om die taalgebruik in drie AOIstudiegidse krities te evalueer. Die tesis word afgesluit met enkele slotopmerkings, 'n bespreking van die implikasies van die bevindinge van die navorsing, en enkele aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing.
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Persson, Niklas. "The Dawn of Digital Classroom : Experiencing the English school subject through distance education during the covid-19 pandemic". Thesis, Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50752.
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As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, peoples’ everyday lives have been affected, including the teachers and students in Swedish upper-secondary schools while teaching and learning English. Due to this, both parties have had to experience the English classroom in the shape of distance education through computer-mediated communication (CMC). A convenience sampling consisting of four teachers and four students was used to provide statements regarding the participants’ experiences of the virtual classroom, in comparison to the physical classroom. The study also examined how the four language skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing have been affected while teaching and learning English, due to distance education. The main findings consist of teachers claiming to have experienced difficulties regarding testing the English language skills known as reading and listening. In addition, a lack of non-verbal interaction was missed, according to the teachers, resulting among other things in the linguistic phenomenon such as turn-taking, to have taken place. The students on the other hand, have experienced difficulties regarding autonomy while studying English at home during the distance education as well as a different linguistic issue known as overlap in conjunction with a lack of non-verbal interaction and several people speaking simultaneously. The reported effects due to the covid-19 pandemic in conjunction with distance education are discussed along with the consequences of the obtained results and further suggestions regarding the topic.
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Montiel-Chamorro, Marta L. "Comparing Online English Language Learning and Face-to-Face English Language Learning at El Bosque University in Colombia". VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5343.
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Although there is significant research surrounding online foreign language education, there are still questions on whether the outcomes are comparable to those obtained in the traditional face-to-face classroom. This study examined four classes, two online and two face-to-face, where students took the second course of a 6-level program of English as a Second Language at El Bosque University in Colombia. The International Test of English Proficiency (iTEP) was administered to students before classes started in order to establish a baseline, and then again after the courses finished. This test evaluates English language proficiency per skill: speaking, listening, reading, writing and also presents an overall proficiency score and level. Variables such as socioeconomic strata, students’ age, instructors, previous experience with online courses, course completion, student satisfaction and attendance and time on course were also examined. Because not all online students completed all content of the course within the timeframe given, special attention was given to this variable. Results indicate that when
comparing the scores of only the online students who completed all the content of the course with those of their face-to-face counterparts, there are no statistically significant differences in the outcomes of any of the four skills nor there is a difference in the overall scores; however this brings up the issue of time investment as it seems to vary based upon instructional method. A qualitative component was used to support the findings in this study. This component included instructors’ interviews, an end-of-course qualitative survey and class observations.
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Brinckwirth, Anton. "Implementation and Outcomes of an Online English-Portuguese Tandem Language Exchange Program Delivered Jointly Across a U.S.-Brazilian University Partnership: A Case Study". VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2752.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate a class-to-class online English-Portuguese "Teletandem” program that was conceived, negotiated, and implemented cross-collaboratively between the foreign language instructors and language resource center (LRC) staff at two large state universities—one in the United States and the other in Brazil. Ten English language students in Brazil were paired with 10 Portuguese language students in the U.S. for a 10-week Skype®-based tandem language exchange (TLE) project that was jointly delivered online across an international university partnership. A qualitative case study design was used to examine the attitudes, perceptions, views, and behaviors of the teachers, students, and LRC staff who participated in the project. The objective of the study was to shed light on the factors that facilitated and hindered teletandem design, implementation and sustainability. Participant feedback was interpreted and contextualized by the researcher to provide rich descriptions of how Teletandem was optimized and how it impacted student learning. The findings suggest that Teletandem is an innovative, low-cost, high-impact language learning activity with vast pedagogical implications. As a lab supplement to traditional instruction, it enabled students at both sites to accelerate L2 development through authentic immersion and practice while making social connections with native speakers abroad. In addition, the results showed that—for many students—Teletandem heightened intercultural awareness, boosted confidence in the L2, and strengthened fluency skills while rendering a transformational learning experience.
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Kajiwara, Hajime. "Internationalizing the Japanese classroom with computer-mediated instruction". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2456.
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Chand, Rajni Kaushal, i n/a. "Listening needs of distance learners : a case study of EAP learners at the University of the South Pacific". University of Otago. Department of English, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080827.114047.
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This study focuses on student listening needs in the context of the English for Academic Purposes program taught by distance education at the University of the South Pacific. It explores the relationship between learners� awareness of the learning strategy they use for developing their listening skills and their teachers� knowledge of the strategy use and listening needs of learners.
Using an ethnographic case study approach, the study was conducted at various campuses and centres of the University of the South Pacific. Interviews were conducted with five EAP/study skills teachers, five subject/course teachers, 19 past learners and 10 present learners of the EAP/study skills course. Questionnaire data was also obtained from 19 past learners and 153 present learners. In addition, a course material analysis was carried out.
The study confirms and adds weight to the conclusions of earlier researchers such as Berne (1998), and Mendelsohn (2001) who explain that discrepancies exist between L2 listening research and practice. The findings of this research indicate that teachers differ from their learners in terms of learners� knowledge and understanding of listening skills and learning strategies in use. The findings also indicate that even though learning had taken place in this distance education context some face-to-face teaching would have been desirable. A combination of distance teaching with longer teacher-learner contact for distance teaching of listening skills is recommended, since regular contact between teachers and learners is seen by learners as very beneficial and more likely to lead to a better development of listening skills. It also helps create an awareness of learners� present and future listening needs. The nature of distance teaching at the University of the South Pacific, and the challenges faced by both teachers and learners are discussed in this study, and the requirement for further needs analysis in regard to distance EAP courses are noted.
The study concludes with recommendations for strategy training for distance learners as well as for raising teacher awareness about the importance of strategy teaching. It is also recommended that similar studies be undertaken in other language skills courses offered by distance at universities like USP such as reading, writing and speaking courses.
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Tunceren, Li-Lee. "Community College Second Language Students’ Perspectives of Online Learning: A Phenomenological Case Study". Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7102.
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In this phenomenological case study, I elicited the perspectives of first-year community college second language (L2) students enrolled in an online general education course, Studies in Applied Ethics. Four L2 participants narrated their lived experiences and impressions of distance learning via Skype interviews at early, mid, and end-of-semester junctures. The Distance Education instructional model Community of Inquiry (COI) served as the theoretical framework for the inquiry. The multilingual participants suggested the COI components Teaching Presence (design and facilitation of the course) and Learning Presence (self-regulated learning behaviors) led to Cognitive Presence (the understanding of and ability to demonstrate content knowledge). Social Presence, the concept of collaborating with classmates in a virtual community, seemed less desired or effectual for the L2 participants in this general education online course. Discoveries in this phenomenological case study add qualitative data and diverse perspectives to the extant research on Community Colleges, Online Teaching and Learning, Writing Across the Curriculum, and English for Academic Purposes
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AL-ISMAIL, YAZID A. "TOWARDS AN INTEREST-BASED APPROACH TO TERMINOLOGICAL COMPETENCE ACQUISITION". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1499860593150818.
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Elder, Cristyn L., Anna V. Knutson, Katherine Daily O'Meara i Elizabeth Leahy. "Creating Tools for WAC/WID Research and Development at Diverse Institutions and Programs". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5482.
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Directors of WAC, writing programs, and a writing center share tools created for early WAC/WID research, how they were used, what they learned from creating these research tools, and the next steps for moving forward with their research. Attendees will be invited to discuss the creation of their own tools.
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Oliveira, Ariadnes Nobrega de. "Ensino a distância: elaboração de um CDROM para capacitação de professores quanto à comunicação humana e seus distúrbios". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25141/tde-04112009-163950/.
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O professor tem papel fundamental na qualidade de vida das crianças, considerando que a educação está intimamente relacionada à saúde. O ambiente escolar contribui para a evolução da comunicação e da linguagem, tanto oral como escrita. Atualmente, a informática tem invadido todas as áreas do conhecimento, tendo um papel preponderante na disponibilização do saber. Utilizando-se de multimídias, a Educação a Distância tem sido uma realidade comum, em que diversas tecnologias de comunicação e informação são utilizadas no desenvolvimento profissional e humano. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar e apresentar um CDROM na área da Fonoaudiologia, enfocando aspectos do desenvolvimento e das possíveis alterações da Comunicação Humana, além de avaliar sua qualidade quanto ao conteúdo e aos recursos tecnológicos. Este material foi desenvolvido para ser utilizado como recurso didático na capacitação de professores da educação infantil e do ensino fundamental. O desenvolvimento do CDROM Comunicação Humana: processos e distúrbios. O que o professor precisa saber! foi realizado em 4 etapas: análise, design e desenvolvimento, implementação e avaliação. A fase de avaliação foi desenvolvida para atingir 3 objetivos: avaliar o aspecto técnico no material, verificando sua execução e possíveis incompatibilidades; a qualidade do conteúdo e das estratégias utilizadas; e a adequação instrucional e estética. O CDROM foi elaborado considerando aspectos importantes sobre o conteúdo abordado, priorizando a interatividade, para que a exploração do material pudesse ser realizada de maneira agradável e motivante. Com isso, os professores, a partir de novos conhecimentos adquiridos, poderão estimular a linguagem dos seus alunos em sala de aula. O material foi avaliado por professores do Ensino Fundamental e da Educação Infantil que consideraram o CDROM Excelente em todos os aspectos abordados. Conclui-se, que as fases de análise e planejamento demandaram o maior tempo e que a parceria entre educadores, fonoaudiólogo e profissionais da área de tecnologia foi essencial para o bom resultado do material elaborado. A avaliação pelos professores foi essencial para conferir qualidade ao material, atingindo o objetivo estabelecido.The teacher has a fundamental role in the quality of life of children, considering that education is closely related to health. The school environment contributes to the evolution of communication and language, both oral and written. Nowadays the Internet is present in all areas and it has an important function in the provision of knowledge. Using multimedia, the Distance Education has been a common reality, in which many technologies of communication and information are used in professional and human development. The objective of this study was to prepare and introduce a CDROM in the area of speech therapy, focusing on development and possible changes in human communication, and to evaluate the quality in content and technology resources. This material was developed for use as a teaching resource in the training of teachers of child rearing and elementary school. The development of the CDROM \"Human Communication: processes and disorders. What the teacher needs to know!\" was performed in 4 stages: analysis, design and development, implementation and evaluation. The assessment phase is designed to achieve 3 goals: to evaluate the technical aspect of the material, verifying their implementation and potential conflicts, the quality of content and the strategies used, and the instructional adequacy and esthetics. The CDROM was done taking into consideration important aspects of the content, emphasizing the interactivity, so that the exploration of the material could be performed in a pleasant and motivating way. Thus, the teachers, from new knowledge, could stimulate the language of their students in the classroom. The material was evaluated by teachers of child rearing and elementary school, and it was considered \"Excellent\" in all aspects. It follows that the phases of analysis and planning demanded the most time and that the partnership between teachers, therapists and professionals of technology was essential to the successful outcome of the material produced. The assessment by teachers was essential to give quality to the material, reaching the goal established.
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Belam, Patricia Viana. "Avaliação do website \'Voice assessment: speech-language pathology and audiology & medicine\', volume 1 - do Projeto Homem Virtual - no contexto de ensino e aprendizagem da língua inglesa". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-16072014-114803/.
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Acompanhando a crescente utilização de tecnologias de informática nas áreas da educação e saúde, com base nas propostas do EAD, foi desenvolvido, em 2013, o website Voz: fonoaudiologia e medicina, versão em língua inglesa norte-americana, a partir do CD-ROM Voz: fonoaudiologia e medicina, do Projeto Homem Virtual, volume 1, elaborado em 2006, em uma parceria entre a Universidade de São Paulo e a Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo a avaliação de sua eficácia como instrumento educacional, em relação aos aspectos cognitivos e subjetivos, no contexto de ensino de língua inglesa, mais especificamente no ensino de sua pronúncia, constituindo a fase final do projeto multicêntrico de desenvolvimento e avaliação do website. Os participantes desta pesquisa foram 30 alunos, sendo 15 do Curso de Letras e 15 do Curso de Tradutor da Universidade do Sagrado Coração, na cidade de Bauru, SP, que cursavam a disciplina denominada Fonética e Fonologia da Língua Inglesa, ministrada pela própria pesquisadora. O grupo de 30 alunos foi dividido em dois grupos iguais de 15 alunos, denominados Grupo Experimental (GE), aquele que fez uso do website como material complementar à disciplina, e o Grupo Controle (GC), que não fez uso do website. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio da aplicação de dois questionários, que reuniram dados relativos aos aspectos cognitivos - o Questionário anterior ao acesso do website e o Questionário posterior ao acesso do website, bem como do preenchimento da Ficha de Pesquisa Motivacional após o estudo. Foram utilizados, para o acesso ao website, três meios diferentes: tablet, smartphone e computador. Para a comparação entre os grupos, considerando cada questão e o número de acertos de cada aluno, foram aplicados o teste exato de Fisher e o Teste T Pareado, respectivamente. Para a comparação entre os diferentes meios de acesso ao website foi aplicada a Análise de Variância seguida do teste de Tukey. Após o estudo do website, os resultados revelam que o GE apresentou melhor desempenho em todas as questões em relação ao GC, bem como maior número de acertos por participante em relação às questões dos questionários. No que diz respeito aos meios de acesso, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante para a comparação entre os três meios quando considerou-se a diferença entre o número de acertos nos questionários pré e pós. No que se refere à avaliação dos aspectos subjetivos, aferida pela Ficha de Pesquisa Motivacional, a análise dos dados revelou um website Impressionante. Dessa forma, o website mostrou-se eficaz como instrumento educacional considerando-se tanto sua avaliação relativa aos aspectos cognitivos quanto aos subjetivos, independentemente dos meios de acesso utilizados. São sugeridas, todavia, novas pesquisas, a fim de expandir a utilização e avaliar a eficácia do website em outros contextos de ensino de língua inglesa, com vistas a conferir a esse instrumento educacional a distância uma qualidade e eficácia ainda maiores.Following the increasing use of computer technologies in the areas of education and health, based on Distance Education proposals, the website Voice assessment: speech-language pathology and audiology & medicine was developed, based on the Portuguese version of the CD-ROM Voice assessment: speech-language pathology and audiology & medicine, Virtual Man Project, volume 1, developed in 2006, in a partnership between the University of São Paulo (USP) and the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP). In this sense, this research aimed at evaluating its efficacy as an educational instrument concerning its cognitive and subjective aspects, in the context of English language teaching, more specifically in pronunciation teaching, being the last phase of the multicenter research project responsible for the website development and evaluation. 30 students participated in this research 15 from the Languages Teaching Course and 15 from the Translator Course at University of Sagrado Coração, in the city of Bauru, who were studying the subject English Phonetics and Phonology, whose teacher was the researcher. The group of 30 students was divided into 2 equal groups of 15 students, called Experimental Group which made use of the website as a complementary material for the subject, and the Control Group - which did not use the website. Data collection was carried out by means of two questionnaires, which gathered data related to the cognitive aspects the Pre-website Questionnaire and the Post-website Questionnaire, besides the Motivational Research Form, after the study. Three different means were used to access the website: tablet, smartphone and computer. For the comparison between the groups, considering each question and the number of right answers from each participant, the Fishers Exact Test and the Paired T- Test were used, respectively. For the comparison among the three different website access means, the Analysis of Variance was used followed by the Tukey Test. After the website study, results showed that the Experimental Group had a better performance in all the questions in relation to the Control Group, as well as a greater number of right answers per participant to the questions in the questionnaires. As to the access means, there was no significant statistical difference in the comparison among the three means when the difference between the number of right answers in the pre and post-website questionnaires was considered. In relation to the evaluation concerning the subjective aspects, assessed by the Motivational Research Form, data analysis revealed an Impressive website. Thus, the website showed efficacy as an educational instrument in relation to its evaluation both regarding the cognitive and the subjective aspects, independently of the means used. Nevertheless, further research is suggested aiming at expanding the use and evaluating the efficacy of the website in other contexts of English teaching in order to grant this Distance Education instrument greater quality and efficacy.
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Morgan, Tannis. "The negotiation of teaching presence in international online contexts". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1416.
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A particular interest of distance education researchers is the community of inquiry framework, which was developed for the purpose of taking a closer look at computer mediated communication in educational contexts (Garrison, Anderson, Archer, 2000). However, it is somewhat surprising that although the community of inquiry framework has been developed based on distance education contexts, it does not consider the complexities of the community’s global and local contexts, the potential linguistic demands of the teaching and learning contexts, and how power, agency, and identities are negotiated in these contexts.
Through six cases of online instructors teaching in international contexts at the tertiary level, I explored the negotiation of teaching presence as viewed through the lens of cultural historical activity theory (Engeström, 1999, 2001). In this view, instructors are engaged in a dynamic process in which teaching presence is shaped through the mediating components of the activity system. This multi-case study employed cross case analysis drawing on data from interviews with students, program coordinators, and instructors, in addition to analyses of discussion forum transcripts, course documents, formative evaluations, student and instructor reflections, and researcher-participant observations. The linguistic challenges faced by both instructor and students for whom the language of instruction was a second or third language and instructors’ sociocultural identities, positioning, and conceptualization of the online interaction spaces were found to be important mediators in the negotiation of teaching presence.
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Gold, David, Merideth Garcia i Anna V. Knutson. "Going Public in an Age of Digital Anxiety: How Students Negotiate the Topoi of Online Writing Environments". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5448.
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Though composition studies has long sought to leverage new technologies of literacy to help students go public, we remain anxious about our ability to do so, as students commonly enter our classrooms already composing for diverse public audiences in a variety of digital contexts. Yet students, too, are often anxious about these new modes of composition, which circulate in a destabilized rhetorical environment where traditional understandings of authority, argument, and audience no longer hold. This article identifies five topoi of this new rhetorical landscape—presence, persistence, permeability, promiscuity, and power—describing the anxieties and affordances they present for student writers, the dispositions toward writing they foster, and the challenges and opportunities they pose for composition. This framework provides a critical vocabulary for compositionists seeking to help students negotiate emerging networked publics.
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Spinardi, Ana Carulina Pereira. "Telefonoaudiologia: desenvolvimento e avaliação do CDROM \"Procedimentos Terapêuticos no Transtorno Fonológico". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25143/tde-04112009-162147/.
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A Telefonoaudiologia ou Teleprática em Fonoaudiologia, entendida como a utilização de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) em ações fonoaudiológicas, apresenta-se como alternativa para promover a integração e valorização das práticas profissionais. Este estudo teve por objetivo apresentar um material hipermídia sobre o tratamento do Transtorno Fonológico, desenvolvido para ser utilizado como recurso didático no ensino e aprimoramento/aperfeiçoamento da Fonoaudiologia, e avaliar sua qualidade. O desenvolvimento do CDROM Procedimentos Terapêuticos no Transtorno Fonológico foi realizado em 4 etapas: análise/planejamento, modelagem conceitual, de navegação/interface, implementação e avaliação. A fase de avaliação foi desenvolvida para atingir 3 objetivos: avaliar o aspecto técnico no material, verificando sua execução e possíveis incompatibilidades; a qualidade do conteúdo e das estratégias utilizadas; e a adequação instrucional e estética. Para atender as exigências de cada aspecto, os avaliadores foram respectivamente: analistas de sistema e membro da equipe de desenvolvimento do material; especialistas no conteúdo em questão (fonoaudiólogos e profissionais que atuam na área de Educação a Distância); e usuários - alunos de graduação e profissionais fonoaudiólogos. Na navegação utilizou-se a estratégia de hipertexto para que pudesse ser respeitado o estilo de aprendizagem de cada usuário, uma das premissas da EAD. Elementos como: perfil do público alvo, apresentação do conteúdo de forma clara e objetiva, disponibilização de informações atuais e abrangentes sobre o tema, além da integração de diversas mídias (som, vídeo, imagem, animação) foram considerados no desenvolvimento do material. De maneira geral, o CDROM Procedimentos Terapêuticos no Transtorno Fonológico foi bem aceito pelos avaliadores, emergindo respostas positivas na maioria dos itens avaliados. Todos os avaliadores consideraram o material adequado ao público a que se destina. A partir dos resultados e das observações realizadas durante o desenvolvimento do CDROM concluiu-se que as fases de análise e planejamento despenderam mais tempo, por exigir extensa pesquisa para seleção e elaboração do conteúdo; durante as fases de modelagem de navegação e interface o trabalho integrado entre fonoaudiólogo e o profissional da área de design gráfico foi determinante para o desenvolvimento do material. O processo de avaliação por fonoaudiólogos, profissionais da área de informática e educação foi efetivo para conferir qualidade ao material e atingir o objetivo estabelecido.The use of information and communication technologies in Speech and Language Pathology, called Telehealth or Telepractice in Speech and Language Pathology, is an alternative to promote the integration and enhancement of professional practices. This study aimed to present a hypermedia material on the Phonological Disorders therapy, developed to be used as a didactic resource in teaching and continuing education of Speech and Language Pathology, and assess its quality. The development of \"Therapeutic Procedures in Phonological Disorder\" CDROM was accomplished in 4 stages: analysis/planning, conceptual and navigation/interface modeling, implementation and evaluation. The evaluation stage was developed to reach 3 goals: to assess the technical aspect of the material, verifying its execution and possible incompatibilities; the content and used strategies quality; and instructional adequacy and aesthetics. To assist the demands of each aspect, the judges were respectively: system analysts and member of the material development team; experts in the content in subject (Speech and Language Pathologist and professionals working in Distance Education); and users - graduation students and Speech and Language Pathologists. In the navigation the strategy of hypertext was used so the style of learning of each user could be respected, one of the DL assumptions. It was considered in the developing of the material elements as: audience profile, presentation of content in a clear and objective way, providing current and comprehensive information on the subject, beyond the integration of various media (sound, video, image, animation). In general, the \"Therapeutic Procedures in Phonological Disorder\" CDROM was well accepted by the judges, emerging positive answers in most of the appraised items. All judges considered the material appropriate to the audience destined. Starting from the results and of the observations accomplished during the CDROM development it was concluded that the analysis and planning stages spent more time because it demanded extensive research for content selection and elaboration; the work integrated between Speech and Language Pathologist and graphic design area professional during the stages of navigation and interface modeling was decisive for the development of the material. The evaluation process by Speech and Language Pathologists and informatics and distance learning professionals was effective to check quality to the material and to reach the established objective.
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Corrêa, Silvia Fernanda. "Das teorias linguísticas às atividades didáticas: aulas online de língua portuguesa em instituição de ensino superior". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-19042012-122039/.
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Nesta dissertação, o objetivo é analisar a circulação de uma aula online de Língua Portuguesa em Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES), confrontando as teorias linguísticas abordadas com as atividades didáticas. O objeto de estudo selecionado consiste na primeira das seis unidades da disciplina Língua Portuguesa online para Graduação, oferecida no sistema de semipresencialidade em IES da rede particular de ensino de São Paulo. Orientam o trabalho as seguintes questões de pesquisa: Que teorias linguísticas são abordadas? Como as teorias linguísticas são trabalhadas? Que diálogos se estabelecem entre o discurso das teorias linguísticas e o discurso das propostas didáticas? A partir da Análise dialógica do discurso sob a perspectiva de Bakhtin e do Círculo, os conceitos de linguagem, enunciado concreto, gêneros do discurso, discurso citado, citação, paráfrase e plágio embasam teoricamente o estudo. Nosso pressuposto inicial era que a circulação das aulas de Língua Portuguesa pela Internet promovesse, em relação às aulas presenciais, maior acesso a informações disponíveis em formatos como hipertexto, áudio, vídeo, animações etc. e maior interação dos alunos com o professor tutor e com os materiais didáticos oferecidos. Para compreendermos a esfera acadêmica online, recuperamos de maneira sintética a história da EaD, passando por Alemanha, Austrália, Estados Unidos, França, Grã-Bretanha e Inglaterra até chegar ao Brasil. Levantamos números que retratam o cenário brasileiro no uso de EaD no Ensino Superior, e os documentos promulgados pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC) para a EaD no campo acadêmico. Por fim, fizemos um levantamento bibliográfico em torno da produção de material didático para essa modalidade. A análise do material, em especial do texto-base da primeira unidade Níveis de Linguagem revelou que a aula online de Língua Portuguesa não fez uso das potencialidades da mídia online (diferentes formatos, maior interação, maior autonomia do usuário), nem explorou o caráter colaborativo da Internet. A infantilização de alguns materiais, baseados em estereótipos, o texto engessado nas citações e paráfrases plageadas e as propostas de atividade que não incentivaram a interação, fizeram com que não sobressaíssem as vozes do professor e do aluno.In this dissertation, the goal is to analyze the circulation of an online class of Brazilian Portuguese Language in a Higher Education Institution (HEI), comparing the linguistic theories dealt with the teaching activities. The object of the selected study is the first of six units of the Brazilian Portuguese language online course for undergraduate course, offered in a semi-attending system in private higher education university of São Paulo. The work is guided by the following research questions: What linguistic theories are addressed? How the linguistic theories are worked? What dialogue is established between the linguistic theories discourse and the education proposals discourse? From the dialogical analysis of the speech under Bakhtin and The Circles perspective, the language concepts, concrete utterance, speech genres, quoted speech, quote, paraphrase and plagiarism are the theoretical base to the study. Our initial assumption was that the Brazilian Portuguese Language online classes circulation elevate, compared to the attending classes, greater access to available information in formats such as hypertext, audio, video, animations etc. and greater interaction of the students with the tutor and with the instructional materials offered. To understand the online academic sphere, we recover, in a summary way, the history of distant education, through Germany, Australia, United States, France, Great Britain and England until to Brazil. Researched numbers depict the Brazilian scene in the use of distance learning in higher education and released documents from Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) for distance education in academic field. Finally, we review the literature on the production of teaching material for this modality. The material analysis, in particular the first unitys base-text Levels of Language revealed that this Brazilian Portuguese online class does not use the potential of online media (different formats, greater interaction, greater user autonomy), nor explores the Internet collaborative nature. The infantilization of some materials, based on stereotypes, the plastered text on quotes and the plagiarized paraphrase and the proposed activities that does not encourage interaction, does not stand out the voices of professor and student.
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Ndoutoume, Mendene Jean-Louis. "Initiating ICT in the open distance learning of Gabonese teachers / Jean-Louis Ndoutoume Mendene". Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9678.
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Gabon is a Sub-Saharan francophone country which has been independent since August 1960. Its Educational System is modelled on the French System. However, the Gabonese Education System currently does not have any guidelines or policies for the system-wide implementation, integration and use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into the education system. The Gabonese Government committed itself to some ICT-related partnerships, but did not launch any programme or activity relating to those commitments. In addition, the Government provided funding to change the country’s Internet connectivity by satellite with the WASC/SAT3 sub-marine cable in order to make Internet access and connection ten times cheaper at the international level. Unfortunately, the benefit from this investment is not experienced in the country as the potential users, such as teachers, keep having challenges with Internet connection.
After fifty years of independence, the government also does not offer sufficient opportunity for teachers to enhance their pedagogical knowledge and skill through teacher professional development (TPD). As a result, no research, guidelines or policies exist for the implementation and use of Open Distance Learning (ODL) for TPD supported by ICT. The aim of this qualitative descriptive exploratory research study was to explore, describe and understand the enablers and challenges of initiating ICT in the ODL training of Gabonese in-service teachers.
Although the academic seat for this research was the School of Continuing Teacher Education on the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University in South Africa, the research project’s focus, conceptualisation, data-collection and data-interpretation were all based and conducted within the researcher’s heimat, i.e. the Gabonese Education System context. An interactive qualitative casestudy research design (Denzin & Lincoln, 2005; Merriam, 1998) was used in this investigation to obtain in-depth context sensitive data concerning the attitudes, fears, needs, expectations, infrastructure and readiness of the Gabonese Education teachers (at schools and training institutions) for the implementation and use of ICT for ODL training of Gabonese English (second language) teachers, collected through qualitative research methods, i.e. semi-structured open-ended individual and focusgroup interviews, as well as additional research artefacts in the form of photographs to visually record the unique contexts involved.
The researcher decided to involve Gabonese English (second language) teachers in the investigation, as he has worked in this discipline for at least twenty years. To ensure sufficient participants, the researcher made use of a snowball strategy where participants in the research referred others. Participants were also selected according to specific selection criteria. Two English (second language) teachers, one school principal, four ICT specialists, one advisor of English teachers, and one inspector of English teachers (ICT specialist) participated in eight individual interviews. Nine English teachers and two advisors of English teachers participated in four focus-group interviews. All interviews were conducted in French. At the North-West University in South Africa, the researcher transcribed the interview data and used ATLAS.ti™ (qualitative data-analysis software) to construct an integrated data-set for analysis. Qualitative data-analysis was performed under the guidance of an expert researcher in qualitative data-analysis. The relevant research findings were translated into English for the purpose of this report.
Qualitative data-analysis of the integrated data-set identified six categories of data related to three themes, i.e. (i) Gabonese Education, (ii) ICT in Gabon and (iii) ODL in Gabon. The six categories are: (i) Challenges of Gabonese Education, (ii) Enablers of Gabonese Education, (iii) Challenges to implementation and integration of ICT, (iv) Enablers of ICT; (v) Challenges of ODL, and (vi) Enablers of ODL. These categories supported by codes and quotations provide basic ideas on the research enablers and challenges of initiating ICT in ODL training of Gabonese in-service teachers. The discussion comprises thirty codes, and recommendations are made.
The findings of this rich qualitative exploration could benefit and support the Gabonese Education Department, policy makers and academic institutions in their quest to implement, integrate and use ICT in the TPD of in-service teachers via DE and ODL.Thesis (MEd (Curriculum Development))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Daiwei, Olsén Vivi Weiwei. "Lärarupplevelser vid distansundervisning : En kvalitativ studie av upplevelser av ledarskap vid distansundervisning hos en grupp lärare i moderna språk". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-191530.
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The goal of this study is to examine what challenges in classroom management language teachers who are working at the gymnasium are facing when they are doing distance teaching. A qualitative study is performed where interviews are used as the data collection method. Five language teachers from a school in Stockholm county were chosen to take part in the interviews. These interviews were recorded and later transcribed and analysed to find categories to be able to further describe and discuss the data. This resulted in eight different categories forming. Results that are noticeable is firstly that planning and communication is the two most difficult aspects of classroom management for the interviewed teachers. For planning the time was considered difficult to control in distance teaching. When it comes to communication, the primary difficulty was to get used to communicating via a monitor which does not mediate body language and facial expressions in a satisfactory way. Furthermore, it was discovered that many teachers have problems with the technological aspects of distance teaching. There are a lot of new and complicated software that the teachers need to learn and understand to be able to efficiently educate.
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Othman, Noor A. "Prior educational experiences and cultural factors in the learner's attitudes and behaviours : a case study of distance learning English course at UiTM, Malaysia". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/10376.
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This thesis is a case study that investigates the attitudes and behaviours of learners of a Preparatory English distance learning course (BEL 100 e-PJJ) offered at the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia, and whether those attitudes and behaviours are influenced by their prior educational experiences and whether cultural factors may also have influence in the attitudes and behaviours of these learners. The research adopts a mixed-method case study design combining quantitative and qualitative approaches to the data collection and analysis. Thematic analysis has been adopted as a tool to analyse the interview data qualitatively. The thematic analyses constructed thematic networks which Attride-Stirling (2001) stressed served as an organizing principle and an illustrative tool in interpreting the analysed interview data. Another major source of data collected for this study was the asynchronous forum discussion transcripts. To match the needs of this study, several categories and examples of Henri’s (1992) framework combined with elements from Garrison, Anderson and Archer (2000) CoI model and Hofstede’s (1991) cultural values tool were adapted in analysing the asynchronous forum discussion transcripts. This was to identify the factors which contributed to the attitude and behaviour of the BEL 100 e-PJJ learners. This study has highlighted that the process of learning and teaching of the UiTM Malay/Bumiputera learners depend on the support and training given to the distance learners and facilitators. Learners’ attitudes, behaviours, facilitators’ intervention and purposeful tasks were found to be important in supporting active participation and effective interaction within the course.
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Lee, Cheun-Yeong. "A Case Study of Using Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication System for Spoken English Teaching and Learning Based on Sociocultural Theory and Communicative Language Teaching Approach Curriculum". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1242144550.
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Cheng, Hsiu-Jen. "THE PERCEPTIONS OF TAIWANESE COLLEGE STUDENTS TOWARD THE ENGLISH COURSES USING AN ONLINE COURSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1177709445.
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