Artykuły w czasopismach: „Dissection – history – 17th century”

1

Gross, Alan G., Joseph E. Harmon i Michael S. Reidy. "Argument and 17th-Century Science". Social Studies of Science 30, nr 3 (czerwiec 2000): 371–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030631200030003002.

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Puzanov, Vladimir. "Western Siberia and nomads in the 17th – early 18th centuries". OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2023, nr 11-2 (1.11.2023): 04–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202311statyi43.

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Since the beginning of the 17th century, the nomads Oirats came to the southern borders of Siberia, who often attacked the lands of Russian counties. In the 17th century, the eastern counties of Siberia - Krasnoyarsk, Tomsk, Tarsky - suffered from the raids of nomads. In the first decades of the 17th century, Russian colonization occupied the lands along the Ture River with tributaries Tagil, Nice and Pyshma. In the 1620s, at the request of the population, the government organizes the construction of prisons and other fortifications in the settlements in the south of Siberia. In the 1630s in the south of Siberia, local Cossacks appeared to protect the settlements. In the 1650s, the construction of prisons along the river Iset’ began. In Siberia, military people were the numerically predominant group of the Russian population throughout the 17th century.

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Ilie, Liviu Marius. "ACUMULAREA ȘI RISIPIREA AVERII: DISPUTE PATRIMONIALE ÎNTR-O FAMILIE DIN MEHEDINȚI (SEC. XVII – XVIII)* (I)". Analele Universităţii din Craiova seria Istorie 28, nr 1 (31.07.2023): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aucsi.2023.1.02.

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Small families are often very important for understanding premodern society. The ownership of the land based on kinship can reveal very complicated relations inside the small communities; gathering the fortune and dividing it into pieces was a recurrent process that characterized the Wallachian society during 17th and 18th centuries. This study is devoted to a family from Smârdeșteț – a small village from Mehedinți county – considering their genealogy and their possession of land and Roma people. Six generations can be traced along these two centuries, the men and women accumulating and wasting the fortune along their lives. Only the first half of the 17th century is investigated in this article; a subsequent study will analyse the second half of the 17th century and the 18th century.

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4

Stone, R. "HISTORY OF SCIENCE: Championing a 17th Century Underdog". Science 301, nr 5630 (11.07.2003): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.301.5630.152.

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Kuzmina, Marina D. "“Alphabet Scribe” in the History of Russian Literature". Philology 19, nr 9 (2020): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-9-87-101.

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The article is dedicated to the study of the most significant and popular Old Russian scribe – “Alphabetical”, written in the late 16th – early 17th century according to researchers. The assumption is made that it was replenished and adjusted over several decades, quickly responding to the demands of the times and reflecting the main processes that took place in Russian literature of the 16th and especially the 17th century. The scribe reflected the central feature of this period: the interaction of the traditional and the new, with an emphasis on the new. It demonstrates such new aspects of Russian literature of the 17th century as secularization, democratization, fiction, and individualization. It is rather telling that the vast majority of sample messages are private letters written for relatives and friends. Particularly noteworthy are the samples of ‘anti-friendly’ letters, some of which are parodies of friendly letters. They make up an organic part of the 17th century parodies, namely such satirical texts as Kalyazinsky Petition, The Dowry Document, The Tale of Ersh Ershovich, The Service of the Tavern. As it is known, parodies play a crucial role in the turning periods of literary development, which was the 17th century. In this era, first of all, the most stable and therefore most recognizable genres were parodied: business (petitions, dowry, court documents, etc.) and church (hagiographies, prayers, akathists, church services, etc.) writing. Quite noteworthy is the appearance along with these parodies of the parody of the epistolary genre, indicating that it had fully developed, and occupied a proper place in the system of literature genres, and was unmistakably recognized by authors and readers. Moreover, a new, ‘secular’ version had developed and was recognized: friendly letters, which were by no means educational, unlike those popular in Ancient Russian literature of previous centuries.

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Kuzmina, Marina D. "“Alphabet Scribe” in the History of Russian Literature". Philology 19, nr 9 (2020): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-9-87-101.

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The article is dedicated to the study of the most significant and popular Old Russian scribe – “Alphabetical”, written in the late 16th – early 17th century according to researchers. The assumption is made that it was replenished and adjusted over several decades, quickly responding to the demands of the times and reflecting the main processes that took place in Russian literature of the 16th and especially the 17th century. The scribe reflected the central feature of this period: the interaction of the traditional and the new, with an emphasis on the new. It demonstrates such new aspects of Russian literature of the 17th century as secularization, democratization, fiction, and individualization. It is rather telling that the vast majority of sample messages are private letters written for relatives and friends. Particularly noteworthy are the samples of ‘anti-friendly’ letters, some of which are parodies of friendly letters. They make up an organic part of the 17th century parodies, namely such satirical texts as Kalyazinsky Petition, The Dowry Document, The Tale of Ersh Ershovich, The Service of the Tavern. As it is known, parodies play a crucial role in the turning periods of literary development, which was the 17th century. In this era, first of all, the most stable and therefore most recognizable genres were parodied: business (petitions, dowry, court documents, etc.) and church (hagiographies, prayers, akathists, church services, etc.) writing. Quite noteworthy is the appearance along with these parodies of the parody of the epistolary genre, indicating that it had fully developed, and occupied a proper place in the system of literature genres, and was unmistakably recognized by authors and readers. Moreover, a new, ‘secular’ version had developed and was recognized: friendly letters, which were by no means educational, unlike those popular in Ancient Russian literature of previous centuries.

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Truong, Anh Thuan, i Thi Vinh Linh Nguyen. "Trade Activities and the Spread of Christianity by Portugal: Port of Faifo (Vietnam)". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, nr 1 (2022): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2022.109.

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In the 16th and 17th centuries, Faifo (Hoi An, Quang Nam province) emerged as one of the busiest international trading ports in Southeast Asia in general and in Vietnam in particular. At the same time, in Europe, Portugal and its formidable navy discovered a new maritime route to Asia. Using this knowledge, the Portuguese became one of the first Western states to explore this part of the world and laid the foundation for trade and missionary activities in a number of different countries and locations there. Among them, Faifo (in Vietnam) was a notable example. In fact, for almost a century (from the second half of the 16th century to the middle of the 17th century), the Portuguese had established business relationships and played an important role in trading activities in Faifo. Meanwhile, the Portuguese Crown strongly supported the Jesuit priests, aiding them in becoming the first Catholic missionary force based in Vietnam, thereby allowing for the introduction and spread of Christianity in Faifo as well as in other locations around Cochinchina. However, at the end of the 17th century, for a number of different factors, Portugal gradually lost its important role in trading and missionary activities in the port of Faifo. This article examines the Portuguese commercial and missionary activities in Faifo in the 16th and 17th centuries. It also aims to make a specific contribution to clarifying the relationship of exchange between Vietnam and Portugal in the 16th and 17th centuries.

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Cecalupo, Chiara. "Maltese antiquarians of early-modern age and the cave church of Mellieha". Revista de História da Sociedade e da Cultura 23, nr 2 (15.12.2023): 11–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1645-2259_23-2_1.

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This article aims at presenting some unpublished documents about historiographical research on Maltese Christian Middle Ages written by a Discalced Carmelite friar in the 17th century and recently discovered in the Archives of the Generalate of the Discalced Carmelites in Rome. This is the occasion to report some accounts of Maltese and European scholars regarding one of the most important Medieval sites of Malta (the Church of Our Lady of Mellieha) and to underline how scholars and missionaries of the 17th century related with the historical and archaeological affected by close contacts with Islam. The paper wants therefore to contribute on describing how scholars of the 17th century approached the multicultural and often turbulent aspects of the main Mediterranean areas and how they contributed in assessing the nascent study of Arabic language and culture in terms of historiographic structuring of Mediterranean identity.

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Angermann, Norbert. "Russian merchants in Livonia in the 17th century". Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, nr 2 (28) (2020): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2020.201.

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The paper describes the trade activity of Russian merchants in Livonia (in the widest sense of the term, including Estonia), which was under the rule of Sweden and Poland in the 17th century and later only under the Swedish rule. The main purpose of Russian merchants in the beginning of the 17th century was Reval (Tallinn) and later Narva. They also visited Riga and much less Dorpat (today’s Tartu). The author was able to identify new evidence of this by working in the archives of Baltic cities. Shopping yards for Russian merchants were established in Riga, Narva and Dorpat, which served as living quarters and a place for storing and selling goods. Interesting information about this is provided by the accounts of German farm administrators in Narva and Derpt, which are analyzed in this article for the first time. Russian guests in Livonia were mainly middle and minor merchants, as well as representatives of the largest trading companies in Novgorod and Pskov, commissioners of the tsars and, on the other hand, artisans, peasants and fishermen. Their activities served the extensive European trade in linen, hemp, leather, fat and fur as the main Russian supplies. The Livonian inhabitants were also supplied with industrial and agricultural products. The number of visitors to Livonia from northwest Russia and beyond was significantly higher than the number of Livonian merchants trading in Novgorod, Pskov and Moscow.

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10

Küng, Enn. "Tallinn's Balance of Trade in the 17th Century". Hansische Geschichtsblätter 137 (29.06.2021): 81–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/hgbll.2019.194.

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Der mittelalterliche Handel Tallinns (Reval) hatte Waren aus Nordwestrussland und Livland nach Westeuropa weitergeführt. Dabei ist die Handelsbilanz der Stadt im Ost-West-Handel als positiv eingeschätzt worden. Mit dem 1558 ausgebrochenen Russisch-Livländischen Krieg und der Eingliederung der Stadt in das Schwedische Reich lösten sich die Verbindungen zum russischen Markt auf. Tallinn wurde zum Ausfuhrhafen für die landwirtschaftlichen Produkte Estlands, Livlands und Finnlands, v. a. Getreide. Die Handelspartner Revals wechselten: Die Lübecker wurden von den Niederländern verdrängt. Vor diesem Hintergrund nimmt der vorliegende Artikel die Handelsbilanz von Tallinn im 17. Jh. in den Blick, ihre Entwicklung und die Frage, ob und inwiefern das Gleichgewicht der Ein- und Ausfuhr erzielt wurde. Die Datengrundlage stellen die dortigen Pfundzollbücher, die mit nur wenigen Lücken vorhanden sind. Aus diesen Büchern geht hervor, dass die positive Handelsbilanz des Mittelalters auch im 17. Jh. für Tallinn charakteristisch war. Während der Kriege am Anfang des 17. Jh.s war die Handelsbilanz Tallinns noch negativ, ab 1622/23 wurde sie aber positiv. Neue Rückschläge erlitt der Handel der Stadt wegen der Kriege Schwedens mit seinen Nachbarstaaten Russland, Polen und Dänemark in der Mitte des 17. Jh.s. Wegen der Missernten der ersten Hälfte der 1660er Jahre wurde die Getreideausfuhr aus Reval verboten. In der Mitte der 1690er Jahre war das Hinterland Tallinns ebenfalls von großen Miss-ernten betroffen, die Hunger mit sich brachten. In diesen Perioden sowie während des 1700 ausgebrochenen Großen Nordischen Krieges war die Handelsbilanz der Stadt negativ. Einer allgemein positiven Handelsbilanz sind also Kriege, Missernten und daraus folgende Getreideausfuhrverbote als zeitweise Störfaktoren des Handels gegenüberzustellen.

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Willumsen, Liv Helene. "Children accused of witchcraft in 17th-century Finnmark". Scandinavian Journal of History 38, nr 1 (luty 2013): 18–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2012.741450.

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Boldyreva, Natalia. "William Camden’s “Britannia” in 17th-century Russia". Canadian-American Slavic Studies 55, nr 1 (25.03.2021): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/22102396-05501013.

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Abstract This article is an analysis of the historical and topographical treatise “Britannia” by William Camden as transmitted to Russia and translated. Russian audience was introduced to the work by Camden through two atlases. The first of these, the Mercator-Hondius Atlas included lengthy excerpts from the 1600 edition of “Britannia.” The text of the Atlas was translated in 1637 by the staff of Posolskii prikaz. The second translation of Camden’s work into Russian, commissioned by Patriarch Nikon, (that of the 1607 edition) was produced in late 1650s as volume four of the New Atlas by Blaeu. Camden’s antiquarian studies, with the texts juxtaposed to maps, were in high demand in Russia, and this can be proved by numerous copies of the Russian translations and by their use both in private libraries and in schools. This helped spread the latest scientific information about the British Isles in Russia, which circulated among the members of Muscovite intellectual elite.

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Kooi, Christine, Erik Larsen i Jane P. Davidson. "Calvinistic Economy and 17th Century Dutch Art". Sixteenth Century Journal 32, nr 2 (2001): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2671845.

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Ann Kleimola. "Hunting for Dogs in 17th-Century Muscovy". Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 11, nr 3 (2010): 467–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.0.0170.

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Orser, Charles E. "Rethinking ‘Bellarmine’ contexts in 17th-century England". Post-Medieval Archaeology 53, nr 1 (2.01.2019): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00794236.2019.1601390.

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Ackermann, Silke, Elizabeth Gatti i Thom Richardson. "A 17th-century Pikeman's Armour from Antwerp". Arms & Armour 7, nr 1 (kwiecień 2010): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174161210x12652009773410.

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Dinneen, Francis P. "A 17th-century account of Mohawk". Historiographia Linguistica 17, nr 1-2 (1.01.1990): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.17.1-2.07din.

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Summary Jacques Bruyas (c.l630-c.l701) left a set of notes on Mohawk in the late 1600s which were published in 1862. His account and work done on the language in the 20th century are compared. Where he fails to record all the sound-contrasts that are functional in the language and is unable to cope with allophones, modern workers may still disagree on how best to represent them. His lack of models for the description of a polysynthetic language, with a modest phonemic inventory, but complex morphophonemics, obscures morphemic boundaries. Bruyas had the reputation among contemporaries of being equally fluent in French and Mohawk, yet his notes fail to mention factors that are obviously frequent, complex and demanded for accurate communication. While the vocabulary in his account is perhaps better handled than in modern works, the selection is more guided by human interest than grammatical relevance.

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Zéi, Eleftheria. "1669: A 17th Century Mediterranean Diaspora". Diasporas, nr 40 (17.12.2022): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/diasporas.9524.

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Lazarev, Yakov A., i Daniil O. Manin. "Social and Cultural Development of the Southwestern Peripheries of the Russian State in the 17th Century: New Aspects". Journal of Frontier Studies 8, nr 4 (17.11.2023): 347–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/jfs.v8i4.511.

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This work is dedicated to the analysis of the monograph by the renowned regional historian D. A. Lyapin, titled “On the Empire’s Edge: Everyday Life of the Southern Population of Russia in the 17th Century,” published in 2020. The study offers a refreshed perspective on the history of the southwestern districts of the Russian State during the 17th century. This review aims to reinvigorate the exploration of regional social history and draws scholars’ attention to D. A. Lyapin’s work, which encapsulates his extensive research on regional issues. The author’s insights significantly augment prevailing perceptions of Russia’s regional history in the 17th century and advocate for its enhanced prominence within the academic community. D.A. Lyapin’s monograph proves invaluable not only for specialists in the social history of southwestern Russia but also for researchers beginning to delve deeply into the history of this region.

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Сорокина, Т. Б. "Freethinking of the 17th Century: Edward Herbert’s Philosophy". Диалог со временем, nr 79(79) (20.08.2022): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2022.79.79.002.

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В работе характеризуются взгляды Эдварда Герберта – английского философа, политика и общественного деятеля первой половины XVII в. Автор анализирует основные положения философской системы Э. Герберта, отмечая логическую связь между теорией познания и философией религии. Показано, что гносеологический объективизм Герберта явился основанием для его деистических идей, главной из которых стала идея «естественной религии». Автор считает заслугой Герберта попытку обосновать объективные основы и критерии познания, соединить его когнитивные и ценностные начала, подчеркнуть системное взаимодействие всех элементов. In the work are characterized by philosophical views of Edward Herbert – English philosopher, politician and public figure of the first half of the 17th century. The author of the article analyzes the basic provisions of the philosophical system of E. Herbert, noting the logical connection between the theory of cognition and the philosophy of religion. It is shown that Herbert's epistemological objectivism was the basis for his deistic ideas, the main of which was the idea of "natural religion". The author considers Herbert's merit to try to substantiate objective basics and criteria of cognition, to combine his cognitive and value principles, to emphasize the systemic interaction of all elements.

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Dayton, Cornelia Hughes, i Richard Weisman. "Witchcraft, Magic, and Religion in 17th-Century Massachusetts". American Journal of Legal History 30, nr 3 (lipiec 1986): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/845736.

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Nuchelmans, Gabriel. "A 17th-century debate on the consequentia mirabilis". History and Philosophy of Logic 13, nr 1 (styczeń 1992): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01445349208837193.

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Guzevich, D. Y. "Memorial Board of the 17th Century". Izvestiya of Saratov University. History. International Relations 11, nr 2(2) (2011): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2011-11-2-2-18-22.

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This article deals with the history of Dutch Reformation church in the German suburb near Moscow, where in March 1699, farewell with Lefort took place. This church was rebuilt in stone, with the money of the burgomaster of Amsterdam, Nicholas Witsen. In the honor of the donor, a memorial cas tiron board was hung on the church. The church burnt in 1812, and the community itself moved to the center of Moscow. The author could discover that the board was preserved and it was transferred into the new praying building. His search made it possible to find this board, which is now hidden of the looks of visitors, but there are all possibilities to open it. This board is one of the earliest memorial (but not sepulchral) boards in Moskovy, dedicated not only to person, but also to event.

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Khudin, Kirill. "TPATIENTS IN SEVENTEENTH CENTURY RUSSIA: FROM THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE TO SOCIAL HISTORY". Odysseus. Man in History 30, nr 1 (12.07.2023): 282–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.32608/1607-6184-2023-30-1-282-302.

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The article focuses on a new view of the social history of medicine through the eyes of patients, not just those of physicians. This vision has not yet gained currency in Early Modern Russia research, although the concept itself was proposed by British historiography back in the 1980s. The article reviews the records of the Apothecary Chancery. They make it possible to see that the pool of customers of health care services in 17th-century Russia was much larger than reported by other sources. In addition, the new approach detects vertical-horizontal bracing cage of communication channels between patients, through which the European medical knowledge moved into Russian society. The article formulates several issues that require further research (using quantitative methods) into the social profile of patients in 17th-century Russia.

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Wilkinson, Greg. "Eating disorder in 17th century France – psychiatry in history". British Journal of Psychiatry 213, nr 4 (24.09.2018): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2018.162.

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DENNEHY, COLEMAN A. "Speakers in the 17th-Century Irish Parliament*". Parliamentary History 29, nr 1 (luty 2010): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-0206.2009.00135.x.

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Santos, Roberto Pereira, i Marleide da Mota Gomes. "400 Years after Thomas Willis: beyond the Polygon / 400 Anos depois de Thomas Willis: além do Polígono". Brazilian Journal of Development 7, nr 12 (29.12.2021): 117843–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n12-509.

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Thomas Willis is famous for the cerebral arterial polygon that bears his name, but his contribution to neuroanatomy goes beyond that. Probably the first anatomist physician to attempt the study of the basal nuclei was Galenus. However, it was only in the 17th century that there was a leap in neuroanatomical knowledge of the region based on the studies by Willis, using a dissection technique with a caudal to cranial perspective.

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Ailes, Mary Elizabeth. "WARS, WIDOWS, AND STATE FORMATION IN 17TH‐CENTURY SWEDEN". Scandinavian Journal of History 31, nr 1 (marzec 2006): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468750500444038.

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Walker, Jonathan, Filippo de Vivo i James Shaw. "A dialogue on spying in 17th-century Venice 1". Rethinking History 10, nr 3 (wrzesień 2006): 323–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642520600816098.

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Chambert-Loir, Henri. "Islamic Law in 17th Century Aceh". Archipel, nr 94 (6.12.2017): 51–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archipel.444.

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Karlsen, Carol F., i Richard Weisman. "Witchcraft, Magic, and Religion in 17th-Century Massachusetts". William and Mary Quarterly 42, nr 2 (kwiecień 1985): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1920438.

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Butler, Jon, i Richard Weisman. "Witchcraft, Magic, and Religion in 17th-Century Massachusetts". American Historical Review 90, nr 1 (luty 1985): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1860893.

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Di Cicco, Francesca, Lisa Wiersma, Maarten Wijntjes i Sylvia Pont. "Material Properties and Image Cues for Convincing Grapes: The Know-How of the 17th-Century Pictorial Recipe by Willem Beurs". Art and Perception 8, nr 3-4 (28.10.2020): 337–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134913-bja10019.

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Painters mastered replicating the regularities of the visual patterns that we use to infer different materials and their properties, via meticulous observation of the way light reveals the world’s textures. The convincing depiction of bunches of grapes is particularly interesting. A convincing portrayal of grapes requires a balanced combination of different material properties, such as glossiness, translucency and bloom, as we learn from the 17th-century pictorial recipe by Willem Beurs. These material properties, together with three-dimensionality and convincingness, were rated in experiment 1 on 17th-century paintings, and in experiment 2 on optical mixtures of layers derived from a reconstruction of one of the 17th-century paintings, made following Beurs’s recipe. In experiment 3 only convincingness was rated, using again the 17th-century paintings. With a multiple linear regression, we found glossiness, translucency and bloom not to be good predictors of convincingness of the 17th-century paintings, but they were for the reconstruction. Overall, convincingness was judged consistently, showing that people agreed on its meaning. However, the agreement was higher when the material properties indicated by Beurs were also rated (experiment 1) than if not (experiment 3), suggesting that these properties are associated with what makes grapes look convincing. The 17th-century workshop practices showed more variability than standardization of grapes, as different combinations of the material properties could lead to a highly convincing representation. Beurs’s recipe provides a list of all the possible optical interactions of grapes, and the economic yet effective image cues to render them.

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Adams, Ann Jensen, i Peter C. Sutton. "Masters of Dutch 17th-Century Landscape Painting". Art Bulletin 74, nr 2 (czerwiec 1992): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3045877.

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Shell, Richard J. "The Marianas population decline: 17th century estimates". Journal of Pacific History 34, nr 3 (grudzień 1999): 291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349908572914.

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Subbiondo, Joseph L. "Neo-aristotelian grammar in 17th-century England". Historiographia Linguistica 17, nr 1-2 (1.01.1990): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.17.1-2.08sub.

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Summary In his Herm’œlogium; or an Essay at the Rationality of Speaking of 1659 Basset Jones intended to supplement William Lily’s (c. 1468–1522) popular 16th-century grammar, which had received the endorsement of Edward VI. Written in English and Latin, Lily’s grammar through its many editions not only set the standard for Latin grammars, but it also established the style for the first and subsequent grammars of English. Jones realized that Lily’s grammatical model, with its emphasis solely on the classification and arrangement of material according to the classic paradigms for conjugation and declension, ignored the philosophy of grammar which was necessary for an understanding of the relationship of language and thought.

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Abercrombie, David. "William Holder and other 17th-century phoneticians". Historiographia Linguistica 20, nr 2-3 (1.01.1993): 309–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.20.2-3.04abe.

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Summary In spite of inevitable deficiencies in their knowledge, 17th-century writers on phonetics can be said to have succeeded in laying the foundations of a true general phonetics. They include some famous names, such as John Wallis and Isaac Newton, but many of them have remained virtually unknown until comparatively recent times, in spite of having contributed significant insights. A brief mention is given here of the work of thirteen of these early writers on phonetics, followed by a fuller account of William Holder (1616–1698), probably the best phonetician of his time. He was not an orthoepist, nor was he concerned to describe the sounds of English. His book had a practical purpose – to provide a theoretical basis for techniques of teaching the deaf. Possible ambiguity in the 17th-century use of ‘letter’ is explained before examining Holder’s description of the sounds of speech. This includes his interesting use of the hylomorphic distinction between ‘matter’ and ‘form’. The description of vowels is almost inevitably less satisfactory than that of the consonants, but his phonetic terminology and general framework would not be out of place in a modern introduction to phonetics. He deserves more attention than he has received, both for his theoretical contribution and for his pioneering work in techniques of teaching the deaf.

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Hoving, A. J. "A 17th-century Dutch 134-footpinas, Part 1". International Journal of Nautical Archaeology 17, nr 3 (sierpień 1988): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-9270.1988.tb00649.x.

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Łojko, Alicja. "School typographers in 17th-century Szczecin – An overview". Przegląd Zachodniopomorski 38 (2023): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/pz.2023.38-06.

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Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie działalności prowadzonej przez szczecińskich typografów posiadających tytuł drukarzy szkolnych w XVII wieku, w kontekście ich współpracy z najważniejszą placówką edukacyjną w mieście – Pedagogium Książęcym i późniejszym Królewskim Gimnazjum Karolińskim. Starano się pokazać, jaki repertuar wydawniczy realizowano na zlecenie owej szkoły i jakie starania podejmowali drukarze w celu uzyskania i utrzymania tytułu i przywileju drukarskiego.

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Metan, Saskia. "Editorische Verflechtungen". Zeitschrift für Slawistik 64, nr 4 (30.10.2019): 507–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/slaw-2019-0029.

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Summary Among the various descriptions of „Sarmatia“ which have been printed in the 16th century, the works of Maciej z Miechowa, Marcin Kromer and Alessandro Guagnini possessed the largest distribution: Published between 1517 and 1578, their works – containing information about the geography, history and population of the eastern part of the European continent – were reprinted and translated several times at several places until the middle of the 17th century. With a focus on paratexts and metatextual comments, the present article considers the entangled history of their editions in the 16th and 17th century and deduces receptions of these texts.

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Staden, Raluca-Ioana Stefan-Van, Victor David i Duncan Thorburn Burns. "Review. Some People and Places Important in the History of Analytical Chemistry in Romania". Revista de Chimie 72, nr 2 (7.05.2021): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.21.2.8427.

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Analytical chemistry developed from alchemical origins in the 14th century becoming more scientific in nature from the late 17th century and continues to thrive in modern Romania, as in the rest of Europe.

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Pelevin, Mikhail. "Pashtuns’ Tribal Islam: The Beginning of Written History". Iran and the Caucasus 25, nr 2 (25.06.2021): 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-20210203.

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The complicated process of the Pashtun tribes’ conversion to Islam is indirectly reflected in tribal genealogies, which bear traces of artificial Islamification. Recorded in the early 17th century, these genealogies are poorly consistent with apocryphal Hadiths and hagiographies intended to prove that Pashtuns had steadily adhered to Sunni Islam since the times of the Prophet Muḥammad. The politicised concept of the primordial adherence of Pashtuns to Islam was likely to have been released for wide circulation during the reign of the Lodī sultans in the late 15th century. By the mid-17th century, it became an integral part of Pashtun ethnic identity. However, written sources in Pashto and Persian dating from the same period and originating from tribal areas are unanimous in describing Pashtuns’ religious beliefs and practices as a motley assemblage of Pīrī-murīdī and Pīrparastī customs conforming to the tribalistic ideology of a segmentary Islamic society. More sophisticated forms of Pashtuns’ tribal Islam emerged with the progress of literature in the native vernacular.

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Melikyan, Lilit. "From the history of Behbudyan dynasty in Georgia". JOURNAL FOR ARMENIAN STUDIES 1, nr 60 (27.03.2023): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/journalforarmenianstudies.v1i60.39.

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Thus, summarizing the key issues in the history of the Behbudian dynasty in the 17th century, we can state: The combination of Armenian and Georgian sources allows us to roughly outline the migration of the Behbudians to Georgia. Therefore, it turns out that the kin of Behbudians migrated to Georgia from Western Armenia, probably from Shirak region. Another branch of this dynasty continued its activity in Persia, where representatives of the Behbud family are mentioned as being from Georgia. Accordingly, there is a high probability that the Behbudians who settled in Persia migrated from Georgia. In the 17th century, in Georgia the kin of Khoja Behbud, who was the manager of the mint of the Georgian court, carried out an active role. He and his sons maintained close ties with St. Etchmiadzin and stood out with their donations. The successors of Khoja Behbud held high military positions, both in the Georgian court and in Persia. Moreover, already in the 18th century, his descendants occupied the position of the mayor of Tpghis. All published sources regarding the denominational affiliation of the Behbudyan family state that during the period under study, they were steadfast followers of the Armenian Church. In Tpghis, they started building a church, according to the 17th-century manuscript records, the representatives of this kin were the patrons of most of the Armenian churches in Tpghis. The examination of the sources showed that the initiative to build St. Stepanos convent belongs not Khoja Behbud's son, but his grandson Melik Ashkarbek and one of the sons of Ashxarbek, Melik Agha.

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Huang, Kangni. "Supplementing History: Xiyou bu as a 17th-Century Meta-Xiaoshuo". Ming Qing Yanjiu 26, nr 1 (21.06.2022): 92–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340063.

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Abstract Xiaoshuo has long been considered supplementary to official historiography in the Chinese literary tradition. In this paper, I will rethink the supplementary nature of xiaoshuo as a conceptual issue. Specifically, I focus on the 17th-century novel Xiyou bu as a unique case in which the protagonist can be interpreted as a literary figuration of the creative agency of xiaoshuo. My close reading, in turn, takes into account that conventional discourses on xiaoshuo consider xiaoshuo a genre that is intended for supplementing, expanding, and explicating official historical sources.

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Gut, Przemysław. "The Philosophy of the 17th Century and Its History: Introduction". Roczniki Filozoficzne 63, nr 1 (2015): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rf.2015.63.1-1.

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Emelyanov, Evgeniy P. "N.V USTJUGOV’S RESEARCH OF RUSSIAN ORDERS’ HISTORY IN 17TH CENTURY". Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (History and political science), nr 2 (2016): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-676x-2016-2-8-16.

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Pumfrey, S., P. Rayson i J. Mariani. "Experiments in 17th century English: manual versus automatic conceptual history". Literary and Linguistic Computing 27, nr 4 (1.06.2012): 395–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/llc/fqs017.

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Wylie, Frank Winston. "Public relations history from the 17th to the 20th century". Public Relations Review 22, nr 3 (wrzesień 1996): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0363-8111(96)90052-1.

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Cho, Byounghak, Sung Hoon Jeh i Kisun Kim. "17th-Century Manchu (Qing) records as sources of Mongolian history*". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 68, nr 4 (grudzień 2015): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/062.2015.68.4.3.

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Ingraham, John L., i Robert G. E. Murray. "A Bit of History". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 63, nr 2 (1.06.1999): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.63.2.263-264.1999.

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SUMMARY Reviews of scientific literature began to appear in the 17th century. Journals dedicated to them soon followed, leading eventually to this one, which emerged in the 1930s as Bacteriological Reviews; it adapted to the many changes in our fluid discipline, evolving into the present, much broader Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.

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