Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Disinformation

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Disinformation”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Disinformation"

Hameleers, Michael, Toni G. L. A. van der Meer i Tom Dobber. "You Won’t Believe What They Just Said! The Effects of Political Deepfakes Embedded as Vox Populi on Social Media". Social Media + Society 8, nr 3 (lipiec 2022): 205630512211163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051221116346.

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Disinformation has been regarded as a key threat to democracy. Yet, we know little about the effects of different modalities of disinformation, or the impact of disinformation disseminated through (inauthentic) social media accounts of ordinary citizens. To test the effects of different forms of disinformation and their embedding, we conducted an experimental study in the Netherlands ( N = 1,244). In this experiment, we investigated the effects of disinformation (contrasted to both similar and dissimilar authentic political speeches), the role of modality (textual manipulation versus a deepfake), and the disinformation’s embedding on social media (absent, endorsed or discredited by an (in)authentic citizen). Our main findings indicate that deepfakes are less credible than authentic news on the same topic. Deepfakes are not more persuasive than textual disinformation. Although we did find that disinformation has effects on the perceived credibility and source evaluations of people who tend to agree with the stance of the disinformation’s arguments, our findings suggest that the strong societal concerns on deepfakes’ destabilizing impact on democracy are not completely justified.

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Colley, Thomas, Francesca Granelli i Jente Althuis. "DISINFORMATION’S SOCIETAL IMPACT: BRITAIN, COVID, AND BEYOND". Defence Strategic Communications, nr 8 (3.07.2020): 89–140. http://dx.doi.org/10.30966/2018.riga.8.3.

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Disinformation is widely perceived as a profound threat to democracies. The result is an explosion of research on disinformation’s spread and the countermeasures taken against it. Most research has focused on false content spread online. Yet little research has demonstrated the societal impact of disinformation on areas such as trust and social cohesion. Policy responses are mainly based on disinformation’s presumed impact rather than on its actual impact. This paper advances disinformation research by asking how we can assess its impact more productively, and how research could better inform policy responses to disinformation. It uses examples from Britain between the 2016 ‘Brexit’ referendum campaign and the 2019 General Election, including some preliminary commentary on disinformation during the initial months of the COVID-19 outbreak. First it considers the limitations of existing disinformation research, and how it could address impact more effectively. It then considers how policy responses have been self-limiting by framing the solution as simply reducing the general amount of disinformation online and/or ‘inoculating’ citizens. Instead we argue for an event or issue-specific focus. This culturally-specific, sociological approach considers different forms of disinformation, the hybrid media systems through which they spread, and the complex offline and online social networks through which impact may occur.

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Huang, Jingjin. "Information Warfare in the Digital Age: Legal Responses to the Spread of False Information under Public International Law". Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 28 (1.04.2024): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/46jmtq31.

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Disinformation, the deliberate spread of false or misleading information, presents a pressing challenge in today's global landscape. This study examines its profound impact on the international community and assesses the effectiveness of current international legal frameworks in addressing this threat. Disinformation campaigns, facilitated by digital technology, erode trust in institutions, manipulate public opinion, and exacerbate social divisions. The consequences of disinformation transcend borders, making it a formidable global issue. This research critically evaluates existing international efforts to combat disinformation, highlighting their limitations in adapting to this rapidly evolving problem. While international law acknowledges the gravity of the issue, it struggles to provide comprehensive solutions. To enhance international law's role in countering disinformation, this study emphasizes the necessity of transnational cooperation. Collaborative approaches involving nations, international organizations, and technology companies are crucial to mitigating disinformation's global impact. This study underscores the urgency of addressing disinformation's threats to global security, democracy, and social cohesion. International law must adapt to effectively combat this challenge, fostering cooperation and establishing norms to preserve peace and trust in an interconnected world.

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Sepúlveda, Rita, i Miguel Crespo. "Classifying disinformation on dating platforms: swiping left on fake profiles, false information and deceiving intentions". Hipertext.net, nr 28 (30.05.2024): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31009/hipertext.net.2024.i28.06.

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Little attention has been given to disinformation in the context of dating platforms. Dating apps become an attractive means for disinformative agents to target users, since their design and affordances shape users’ behaviours and can contribute to the creation and dissemination of disinformation. This study explores how online daters define, perceive and experience disinformation on dating platforms, and the impact it can have on usage and behaviours. A mixed method approach was employed combining a survey (n=309) with interviews (n=11). Findings show that although disinformation has its own theoretical framework online daters perceive it beyond, pointing to differences in how it is theoretically conceptualized and how it is experienced. Users hold dating platforms responsible for not detecting disinformation efficiently, pointing to the need for mandatory verification of users’ information. While dating platforms employ several technologies and strategies to deal with disinformation, users rate them as insufficient.

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White, Will. "Disinformation and Scholarly Communications". Defence Strategic Communications 11 (3.02.2023): 151–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30966/2018.riga.11.5.

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Much has been written lately on disinformation, particularly regarding right-wing extremism and COVID-19. Few attempts, however, have been made to classify specific forms of disinformation, and little attention has been paid to disinformation’s impact on scholarly communications. This essay identifies three types of disinformation affecting academic publishing based on authorial intent: parodic, which critiques the scholarly process through mimicry and humour; opportunist, which seeks to promote the author’s scholarly image; and malicious, which distorts the reader’s perception of a controversial issue like vaccination or climate change. In doing so, the paper provides an overview of notable instances of published disinformation, such as the Sokal affair, while highlighting the current threat of pandemic-related disinformation posing as scholarly research. The malicious disinformation section also explores how academic and pseudoscientific parlance can be adopted by white nationalists and conspiracy theorists. This paper demonstrates that a taxonomic approach to published disinformation can simultaneously make identifying falsified academic research easier, while exposing vulnerabilities in the publishing system. Furthermore, it also attempts to raise awareness of published disinformation as not just a problem confined to academia, but rather a contributor to the ongoing ‘culture wars’ and a potential threat to both public health and national security.

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Dorosh, Lesia. "Response to hybrid threats: peculiarities of the European Union strategy on countering the disinformation". Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: History. Political Studies 10, nr 27 (2020): 106–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2020-10-27-106-116.

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The features of the European Union’s comprehensive strategy on countering the disinformation have been analyzed. It is emphasized on the creation of the legal framework and the activities of institutions aimed at countering the hybrid challenges, combating disinformation, exposing false messages and strengthening of the independent media. 10 actions of the EU to tackle the disinformation have been analyzed, such as creating the EuvsDisinfo public database, protection the integrity of EU elections, debunking Euromyths, monitoring disinformation messages with the Rapid Alert System, establishing the EU-wide Code of Practice on Disinformation, organizing events that promote media literacy, empowering civil society to both identify and expose disinformation, facilitating the work of fact-checkers, creating campaigns that raize public awareness on the disinformation’s negative effects, supporting media freedom and pluralism for a healthy democracy. The instruments of the EU in response to the hybrid threats such as the East StratCom Task Force (ESTF), the Hybrid Fusion Cell (HFC) and the Rapid Alert System - Disinformation (RAS-DIS) have been monitored. It has been determined that the EU is particularly attentive to practical training in combating hybrid threats. It is alleged that the use of a multilevel, cross-sectoral approach enables the EU to gradually increase its defence to counter modern hybrid threats. It is highlighted that Ukraine, which is suffering from the hybrid war, should involve the experience of the use of the instruments developed within the EU, adopting and sharing experience in combating disinformation and provide the resistance to hybrid challenges.

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Vandamme, Fernand, Peter Kaczmarski i Wang Lin. "Disinformation, Critical Thinking and Dyssocial Techniques and Methods". Communication & Cognition 55, nr 1-2 (czerwiec 2022): 49–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.57028/c55-049-z1022.

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One of the wonders of disinformation, is the popularity, which is very quickly generated by the bullies, the manipulators, the users of dyssocial, hypocritic methods and techniques. In this study, we do not only give an overview in the main techniques and methods for generation successful and efficient disinformation methods in view of better fighting the disinformation methods. To be efficient in these fights, it is vital to be aware why these bullies and disinformation actors are becoming so easily that popular. We are able to clarify these basic process of popularity generation by these disinformation producing actors. Moreover disinformation and critical thinking are phenomena which are very central in all issues concerning communication and cognition. However there are a lot of methods and techniques which are being used for making and producing disinformation, but which are also very important in ways to avoid, to defeat, to overcome and to limit the impact of the methods and techniques which are being used for making and producing disinformation. Some of those methods or techniques can be very noble in some domains or situations and nevertheless be very dangerous to hamper, to harm people if used to abuse. We think about using and abusing empathy and compassion. We introduce an overview of a lot of techniques and methods, which are used to generate disinformation. We also indicate ways how to defend against these methods and techniques. The methods discussed are: manipulation methods and techniques, bullying techniques, the mechanism of “fake news” production, based on the 16th century theory and practice of casuistry and probabilism, which are still highly relevant today, the dyssocial methods and techniques, the C and DC fractals, abuse of empathy and compassion. In this paper special attention is paid to stimulating and training critical thinking and NEG-critical thinking in children, adolescents, adults, seniors and nestors; to grids for detection and assessment of disinformation methods and techniques; to dynamic harmony challenges concerning cooperation versus self-protection in the face of disinformation challenges (of organizations, individuals, groups). Another challenge is how to exploit and use the assessments of manipulations and disinformation’s in the media, between colleagues, between companies, in wartime…

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Bertolami, Charles N. "Misinformation? Disinformation?" Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 80, nr 9 (wrzesień 2022): 1455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2022.06.009.

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Rosenberger, Laura. "Disinformation Disorientation". Journal of Democracy 31, nr 1 (2020): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jod.2020.0017.

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Sharkey, Jacqueline. "DisInformation, DatInformation". Peace Review 5, nr 1 (marzec 1993): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10402659308425695.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Disinformation"

Klum, Stelander Jonatan. "EU against disinformation : Understanding a modern anti-disinformation campaign". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-339597.

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In March 2015, the European Union decided to respond to the ongoing disinformation campaigns by setting up the East Stratcom Task Force. This thesis applies theories of communication logic, disinformation-defence and EU’s normativity to develop an analytical framework that can theoretically and empirically enhance our understanding of EU’s campaign. A content analysis was used to analyse the material and to categorize different key concepts that derives from the aforementioned theoretical fields. The finding generated by the analysis of the disinformation reviews show that the Task Force uses both media and political logic in its communication. The results also indicate clear traits of a confronting disinformation-defence strategy. Furthermore it is possible to detect a trend among some of the responses that had similarities to another category within the field of disinformation- defence called “ignoring”. Interestingly the reviews do not regularly reference the normative values of the EU. However, this does not prove that the reviews or the Task Force that writes them do not share the normative values. Although the normative values of the EU is not discussed or referenced in the vast majority of the reviews, on several occasions they do defend the EU on the basis of its normative values. This illustrates a certain level of neutrality of the position of the Task Force with regards to the self-identity of the EU. Despite only being active for two years, the East Stratcom Taskforce seems to have found its place among the EU’s arsenal of foreign policy tools.

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David, Ian. "American Homicide: Narrative As Disinformation". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17838.

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The critical function of narrative is to reveal character; a process of describing motivation. Without motive we can observe, but not judge, a character’s actions. In 1963, President John Kennedy had many enemies with powerful motives to see him removed, one way or the other, from the administration of the United States. When Kennedy was assassinated, Lee Oswald, the man declared by the Warren Commission to be the assassin, was deemed to have no discernible motive for the crime. Constructing a narrative from the best available evidence offers an instrument revealing Lee Oswald had a motive for actions that did not include the assassination of John Kennedy. Moreover, those who were motivated to assassinate the president constructed a false narrative to imply Oswald’s guilt and in so doing implied their own.

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Potgieter, Burger Gericke. "Decisions and disinformation : an evaluation of the usefulness of the Fast and Frugal Heuristics Programme in uncovering implicature-type disinformation". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19992.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates ways in which the Fast & Frugal Heuristics (F&FH) programme in the field of Judgment and Decision Making (JDM) theory can be brought to bear on the phenomenon of disinformation. The study applies existing theory to develop an argument around the capacity of the F&FH framework to respond in a normative, descriptive and prescriptive fashion specifically to implicature-type disinformation. This leads to conclusions about the usefulness of the programme for a specific field that is supposed to be within the ambit of the programme. The study attempts to answer the research question by examining the philosophical and developmental history of JDM and of disinformation as a theme of inquiry. With the necessary background as context, the phenomenon of disinformation is investigated, specifically in the case of advertisements. Specific focus is given to pictorial metaphor that may lead to disinformation. The study concludes that F&FH only succeeds to some extent in its descriptive capacity, whilst it fails to provide normative or prescriptive insights when faced with implicature-type disinformation in the following ways: firstly, proponents of the F&FH programme seem selfcontradictory about the value of F&FH as a decision making theory – on the one hand they are generally positive about the its descriptive, normative and prescriptive abilities, whilst fully admitting to fundamental problems in every aspect of the theory and its applications. Secondly, even though there is a general admission of the importance of social and cultural elements in decision making, F&FH still remains intrinsically individualistic. As such it will fail to recognise deception and disinformation as those form part of a language act that is specifically designed around hidden motives and specialised persuasion techniques. Thirdly, F&FH will not be able to break free from the underlying issues it faces without breaking free from its philosophical underpinnings. F&FH still remains primarily empiricist through its behaviourist/positivist assumptions and application and as such fails to recognise the validity of concepts such as meaning, belief and attitude.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tesis ondersoek die wyses waarop die Fast & Frugal Heuristics (F&FH) program in die veld van besluitnemingsteorie van toepassing gemaak kan word op die verskynsel van disinformasie. Die studie gebruik bestaande teorie in terme van normatiewe, voorskrywende en beskrywende toepassings om argument te ontwikkel rondom die kapasiteit van die F&FH raamwerk om te reageer op spesifiek implikatuur-tipe disinformasie. Dit lei tot gevolgtrekkings oor die bruikbaarheid van die program vir ‘n spesifieke veld wat veronderstel is om binne die bestek van die program te val. Die studie poog om die navorsingsvraag te antwoord deur die filosofiese en ontwikkelingsgeskiedenis van besluitnemingsteorie asook disinformasie te ondersoek. Met die nodige agtergrond as konteks word die verskynsel van disinformasie deur implikasie ondersoek, spesifiek in die geval van die advertensies. Daar word spesifiek gefokus op advertensies waar metafore wat ontwikkel word deur visuele beelde waardeur disinformasie geïmpliseer kan word. Die studie maak die gevolgtrekking dat F&FH slegs tot ’n mate sukses behaal as beskrywende teorie terwyl dit nie suksesvol toegepas kan word as normatiewe en voorskrywende teorie nie. Die volgende probleme word uitgelig: eerstens, voorstaanders van die F&FH program hou teenstrydige perspektiewe voor – aan die een kant is hulle oor die algemeen positief oor die teorie se beskrywende, normatiewe en voorskrywende kapasiteite terwyl hulle openlik getuig van die grondliggende probleme in bykans elke faset van die teorie en sy toepassings. Tweedens, ten spyte daarvan dat daar erkenning gegee word aan die sosiale en kulturele aspekte van besluitneming bly F&FH primêr individualisties. As sulks sal dit faal om valshede en disinformasie te herken aangesien beide elemente is van ’n taalaksie wat spesifiek ontwerp is rondom versteekte motiewe en gespesialiseerde oorredingstegnieke. Derdens, F&FH kan nie afstand doen van die onderliggende probleme sonder om weg te breek van die onderliggende filosofiese grondslag nie. F&FH bly hoofsaaklik empiristies deur die behavioristiese/positiwistiese eienskappe in die onderliggende aannames en toepassings – as sulks gee dit nie erkenning aan die geldigheid van konsepte soos betekenis, oortuiging en houding nie.

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Björk, Jenny. "Elected Officials' View on Disinformation : On a Municipality Level". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415719.

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Trinder, Billie. "Criminalising Disinformation: On Anti-Fake News Legislation in Southeast Asia". Thesis, Department of Government and International Relations, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24645.

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In 2016 it was revealed that the Brexit referendum and US presidential election were both targeted by sophisticated online disinformation campaigns, and in the years since states around the world have scrambled to respond to this new threat. Many have chosen to criminalise the creation and dissemination of fake news a crime despite warnings from international organisations and experts that these ‘fake news laws’ will restrict speech and stifle dissent. Southeast Asian states in particular have broadly chosen to take this controversial approach. This thesis seeks to answer why this is. I take an analytic narrative approach to this question, using a combination of Tsebelis’ veto player theorem and elements of historical institutionalism to interrogate two case studies: the Philippines and Singapore. Comparison of the cases reveals that institutional configuration and the extent to which avenues for dissent exist in each political environment are critical to the success of proposed anti-disinformation legislation. The study also underscores the potential impacts of such legislation, where restrictions on free speech increase the likelihood of similarly restrictive legislation passing in the future, creating a dynamic of increasing returns.

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Svärd, Mikael, i Philip Rumman. "COMBATING DISINFORMATION : Detecting fake news with linguistic models and classification algorithms". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209755.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the possibility of accurately distinguishing fabricated news from authentic news stories using Naive Bayes classification algorithms. This involves a comparative study of two different machine learning classification algorithms. The work also contains an overview of how linguistic text analytics can be utilized in detection purposes and an attempt to extract interesting information was made using Word Frequencies. A discussion of how different actors and parties in businesses and governments are affected by and how they handle deception caused by fake news articles was also made. This study further tries to ascertain what collective steps could be made towards introducing a functioning solution to combat fake news. The result swere inconclusive and the simple Naive Bayes algorithms used did not yieldfully satisfactory results. Word frequencies alone did not give enough information for detection. They were however found to be potentially useful as part of a larger set of algorithms and strategies as part of a solution to handling of misinformation.
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka möjligheten att på ett pålitligt sättskilja mellan fabricerade och autentiska nyheter med hjälp av Naive bayesalgoritmer,detta involverar en komparativ studie mellan två olika typer avalgoritmer. Arbetet innehåller även en översikt över hur lingvistisk textanalyskan användas för detektion och ett försök gjordes att extrahera information medhjälp av ordfrekvenser. Det förs även en diskussion kring hur de olika aktörernaoch parterna inom näringsliv och regeringar påverkas av och hur de hanterarbedrägeri kopplat till falska nyheter. Studien försöker vidare undersöka vilkasteg som kan tas mot en fungerande lösning för att motarbeta falska nyheter. Algoritmernagav i slutändan otillfredställande resultat och ordfrekvenserna kundeinte ensamma ge nog med information. De tycktes dock potentiellt användbarasom en del i ett större maskineri av algoritmer och strategier ämnade att hanteradesinformation.

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Skinner, Sally Ann, i saskinner@bigpond com. "Racist disinformation on the Web: the role of anti-racist sites in providing balance". RMIT University. Business Information Technology, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080215.165317.

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This thesis examines the problem of racist disinformation on the World Wide Web and the role played by anti-racist sites in providing balance. The disinformation capacity of the Web is an important issue for those who provide access to the Web, for content providers, and for Web users. An understanding of the issues involved, including the characteristics of racist disinformation, is vital if these groups are to make informed decisions about how to deal with such Web content. However, in Australia especially, there has been limited research into racism in general and racism on the Web in particular. To address this deficiency, the integration of perspectives from the fields of race relations and information science is facilitated utilising a critical realist methodology to provide new insights. Through an extensive examination of the literature, including Australian media reports, terms are delineated and the problem situated within an historical, cultural and political environment. Alternatives for tackling racist disinformation are evaluated and the issues involved in the provision and utilisation of balancing information are discussed. The literature analysis underpins an assessment of anti-racist sites using three data collection methods to gain multiple perspectives on the balancing qualities of these sites. These methods are an assessment of anti-racist website longevity, an assessment of website reliability, and a questionnaire of content providers of anti-racist websites. This thesis provides a synthesis of the academic literature and media coverage related to Australian racism and racist disinformation on the Web, leading to new insights about the range and depth of issues concerned. An analysis of the data collected concludes that while anti-racist websites take on diverse roles in tackling racism, few provide content directly to balance Web racist disinformation. Approaches that seek to control or censure the Web are ineffective and problematic, but balancing disinformation is not in itself an adequate solution.

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Asperholm, Hedlund Laura. "Identifying and Understanding Anti-Immigration Disinformation : a case study of the 2018 Swedish national elections". Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-8595.

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The purpose of this study is to understand to what extent and how anti-immigration disinformation was utilised in Swedish online news media before the 2018 Swedish national elections. Disinformation is intentionally misleading or false information that benefits the creator and aims to influence how people think, feel and act regarding a certain issue. The analytical framework used in this study was based on theory and previous research. Disinformation can adopt different strategies: constructive, disruptive or distractive. Research also suggests that disinformation can be categorized into different types: fabrication, manipulation, misappropriation, propaganda, satire and parody. This study analyzed 123 articles from different online news media from ten days before the election up until election day. Using qualitative content analysis this study showed that 20 percent of the articles contained anti-immigration disinformation. All of those articles were found in far-right online news media where almost 50 percent of the published articles during the examined time period contained disinformation. All different types were found, but misappropriation, fabrication and propaganda were most common. About half of the articles containing disinformation used a constructive strategy and about one third used a disruptive strategy. A bit more than one third of the articles had a combination of two or more types and strategies. The results indicate that disinformation can indeed constitute a problem, especially for those who seek information on far-right platforms. This study unveils a polarized debate on immigration with a lion's share of the disinformation coming from far-right online news media, while the mainstream media only publish very few critical articles on immigration. As research shows that a negative framing of immigration can affect attitudes, and by extension voting behaviour, further research to examine the effects of anti-immigration disinformation on voter behaviour and election results is needed. Especially in light of a diminished trust in democratic institutions, a growing demand for populism and increasing support for anti-immigration parties.

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Hjorth, Patric. "Stop spreading the news! : How disinformation spreads on social media and what politicians are doing about it". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283750.

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Following the rise of social media, the world has found itself in a hyperconnected state. Through the press of a button, it is today possible to reach every corner of the world. This has brought opportunities for freedom and liberation, but in the past years it has also become a danger for these ideas. The rise of disinformation has been declared a major threat to democracy and our society by several major institutions, one of them being the European Union. They have also made it clear that the tech companies, through whose products disinformation primarily spreads, not only inadequately prevent it, but also question if they have enough incentive to do so. The executive branch of the EU, the European Commission, has therefore put forth an action plan in which they outline their work going forward in mitigating the crisis. Comparing with previous research on the vital parts of disinformation, there are heavy indications that the EU’s work will focus on reactionary measures; discovery and sharing of data on ongoing disinformation campaigns between neighbouring and Member States, as well as societal media literacy efforts. For now, due to what seems to be a fear of over-regulating freedom of expression, the responsibility to battle creation and spread is left to the Code of Practice on Disinformation, a plan created by tech companies that hold the platforms that are center in the spread of disinformation. After a first yearassessment, the EU indicates that the results of this Code of Practice is unsatisfactory, and further action might be needed.
Med uppkomsten av sociala medier så befinner sig världen nu i ett hyperuppkopplat tillstånd. Genom ett simpelt knapptryck är det idag möjligt att nå hela världen. Med detta har vi sett möjligheter till en förhöjd frihet, men under de senaste åren finns det också exempel på när just idéer som dessa har satts under hård press. Ökningen av desinformation har förklarats ett stort hot mot demokrati och dagens samhälle av flera stora institutioner, en av dem den Europeiska Unionen. De har gjort tydligt att stora teknikbolag, genom vilkas produkter desinformation i synnerhet sprids, inte bara gör för lite för att förhindra det, men också ifrågasätter ifall de har tillräckligt med incitament för att göra det. EU:s verkställande gren, Europeiska Kommissionen, har därför satt fram en handlingsplan där de redogör för sitt arbete för att hantera krisen. I en jämförelse med tidigare forskning om de mest vitala delarna av desinformation så finns det tunga indikationer att EU:s arbete kommer att fokusera på reaktionära åtgärder: upptäckande och delning av data mellan grannländer och medlemsstater om pågående desinformationskampanjer, samt ansträngningar för samhällskunskap så som källkritik. I vad som verkar vara en rädsla för överreglering av yttrandefrihet lämnas ansvaret för bekämpningen av skapande och spridning till en desinformationspraxis skapad av de teknikföretag som har de plattformar som är centrala i spridningen av desinformation. Efter en första årsutvärdering indikerar dock EU att resultaten dittills ej är tillfredsställande, och att ytterligare åtgärder kan vara nödvändiga.

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Fee, John P. "Resilience Against the Dark Arts : A Comparative Study of British and Swedish Government Strategies Combatting Disinformation". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43261.

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Western liberal democracies currently face a significant challenge from the growing proliferation of disinformation. With research suggesting that disinformation increases the risk of violence and intergroup conflict, this thesis sought to understand precisely what is being done by states to decrease the likelihood of this happening—specifically, with how the United Kingdom compares with/differs from Sweden in the type of resilience strategies employed to combat disinformation. To answer this question, this thesis conducted a qualitative comparative content analysis to examine government communications for the purposes of identifying, codifying, and describing the different types of resilience strategies combatting disinformation as practised by the United Kingdom and Sweden, to serve as a repository aid in future intervention planning. Utilising a bespoke analytical framework to make sense of resilience strategies of differing scales, a micro-macro perspective was adopted to capture (1) bottom-up focused strategies—which sought to enhance an individual’s ability to independently evaluate the accuracy of the information that they consume and (2) top-down focused strategies—which sought to reduce societal disinformation exposure through structural interventions. This thesis demonstrates that the United Kingdom and Sweden share approximately two-thirds of their disinformation resilience strategy with one another. From 472 items sourced from British and Swedish government communications, this study uncovered 15 micro strategies and 59 macro strategies in total—which, at face value, suggests a genuine bias in favour of a macro strategic resilience approach. To the degree that this is suitable for effective societal resilience against disinformation, remains inconclusive and warrants further research.

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Książki na temat "Disinformation"

Frau-Meigs, Divina, i Nicoleta Corbu. Disinformation Debunked. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003387404.

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Chew, Peter, Matthew Fort i Jonathan Chew. Digital Disinformation. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28835-7.

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1974-, Porro Stefano, red. Disinformation technology. Milano: Apogeo, 2003.

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Rubin, Victoria L. Misinformation and Disinformation. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95656-1.

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Toll, Chris. The disinformation phase. Baltimore, MD: Publishing Genius Press, 2011.

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Jayakumar, Shashi, Benjamin Ang i Nur Diyanah Anwar, red. Disinformation and Fake News. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5876-4.

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Acampa, Suania. From Dezinformatsiya to Disinformation. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48435-3.

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Luttrell, Regina, Lu Xiao i Jon Glass, red. Democracy in the Disinformation Age. New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003008828.

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Bright, Jonathan, Anastasia Giachanou, Viktoria Spaiser, Francesca Spezzano, Anna George i Alexandra Pavliuc, red. Disinformation in Open Online Media. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87031-7.

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Spezzano, Francesca, Adriana Amaral, Davide Ceolin, Lisa Fazio i Edoardo Serra, red. Disinformation in Open Online Media. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18253-2.

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Części książek na temat "Disinformation"

Cheyfitz, Eric. "Disinformation". W The Disinformation Age, 15–52. New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: Routledge advances in American history ; 7: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315222837-2.

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Weik, Martin H. "disinformation". W Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 428. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5247.

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Fennelly, Lawrence J., i Marianna A. Perry. "Disinformation". W Security Officers and Supervisors, 193. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003402718-84.

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Legucka, Agnieszka. "Russian Disinformation". W Disinformation, Narratives and Memory Politics in Russia and Belarus, 22–42. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003281597-3.

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Hameleers, Michael. "Populist disinformation". W Populist Disinformation in Fragmented Information Settings, 17–39. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003194668-2.

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Santana, Gislane Pereira, i Elmira Luzia Melo Soares Simeão. "Disinformation Culture". W Digital Convergence in Contemporary Newsrooms, 125–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74428-1_8.

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Corbu, Nicoleta, Divina Frau-Meigs, Denis Teyssou i Alina Bârgăoanu. "Fighting disinformation". W Disinformation Debunked, 235–54. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003387404-13.

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Venema, Agnes E. "Deepfake Disinformation". W Routledge Handbook of Disinformation and National Security, 175–91. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003190363-16.

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Murphy, Brian. "Baselining Disinformation". W Lecture Notes in Social Networks, 7–23. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29904-9_2.

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Hellman, Maria. "Everyday Disinformation". W The Palgrave Macmillan Series in International Political Communication, 245–69. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-58747-4_10.

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AbstractThis chapter is a summary of the study of Russian disinformation about Sweden. By analysing news narratives of the Russian state-affiliated media RT and Sputnik from July 2019 to January 2021, it is shown how international news media is used for disinformation. The study builds on previous work by Wagnsson and Barzanje (A framework for analysing antagonistic narrative strategies: A Russian tale of Swedish decline. Media War and Conflict, 14(2), 239–257. https://doi.org/10-1177/17506352119884343, 2021), which identified denigrating narrative strategies in Sputnik coverage of Sweden. This study covers a later time period and centers on the story telling techniques of the news coverage in order to make manifest how disinformation differs from journalism. It is argued that this type of disinformation is an everyday security practice and not limited to specific events such as for example elections campaigns. This was confirmed by the analysis which identified a relatively fixed set of narratives that included a variety of news topics and which were similar to what was found by Wagnsson and Barzanje in an earlier time period. The analysis resulted in the identification of a master narrative that was named a failing state victim to liberal ideas, and was composed of four narratives that explained how: (a) the liberal left elite was a threat to traditional Sweden; (b) the obsession with gender led Sweden astray giving rise both to health issues among the population and to social and political problems; (c) Sweden experienced an Islamic takeover; and (d) how Sweden defied limitations to its liberal policies during the pandemic.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Disinformation"

Tsotniashvili, Zaza. "COVID-19 – Impact of Disinformation on Georgian Society". W COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY CONGRESS. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17932/ctc.2021/ctc21.006.

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Disinformation and malign influence in Georgia, both internal and external, draws heavily on psychological drivers of human behavior to exploit and manipulate. Essentially, similar to the strategy the advertising world has adopted, disinformation’s strategy is to change perceptions and, ultimately, manipulate social behavior. Its goal is to shift attitudes, perceptions, values, and norms. Georgia’s current adversaries deploy their information operations to undermine the resilience of Georgia’s democratic institutions, its social cohesion and impede the formation of inclusive national identity. While there is broad consensus that disinformation and malign influence has devastating effects on democracy worldwide, it is more challenging to measure the direct impact that disinformation may have in discrediting political opponents or inducing voter apathy. Public opinion surveys provide some insight into whether or not key narratives spread through disinformation have taken root – which appears to be the case – but they are imprecise in measuring to what extent the disinformation efforts have indeed contributed to their prevalence and how.

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Srinivasan, Santhosh, i Craig Fagan. "Global Disinformation Index". W Conference for Truth and Trust Online 2019. TTO Conference Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36370/tto.2019.14.

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Vidal-Perez, Juan, Raymond J. Dolan i Rani Moran. "Learning from Disinformation". W 2023 Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience. Oxford, United Kingdom: Cognitive Computational Neuroscience, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32470/ccn.2023.1201-0.

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Kumar, Srijan, Robert West i Jure Leskovec. "Disinformation on the Web". W WWW '16: 25th International World Wide Web Conference. Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland: International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2872427.2883085.

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Bajaj, Payal, Mridul Kavidayal, Priyanshu Srivastava, Md Nadeem Akhtar i Ponnurangam Kumaraguru. "Disinformation in Multimedia Annotation". W MM '16: ACM Multimedia Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2983563.2983569.

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Corcoran, Craig, Renee DiResta, David Morar, Numa Dhamani, David Sullivan, Jeffrey Gleason, Paul Azunre, Steve Kramer i Becky Ruppel. "Disinformation: Detect to Disrupt". W Conference for Truth and Trust Online 2019. TTO Conference Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36370/tto.2019.28.

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Nogara, Gianluca, Padinjaredath Suresh Vishnuprasad, Felipe Cardoso, Omran Ayoub, Silvia Giordano i Luca Luceri. "The Disinformation Dozen: An Exploratory Analysis of Covid-19 Disinformation Proliferation on Twitter". W WebSci '22: 14th ACM Web Science Conference 2022. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3501247.3531573.

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Duelen, Aline, Iris Jennes i Wendy Van den Broeck. "Socratic AI Against Disinformation: Improving Critical Thinking to Recognize Disinformation Using Socratic AI". W IMX '24: ACM International Conference on Interactive Media Experiences. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3639701.3663640.

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Turk, Žiga. "Disinformation as a Political Weapon". W New Horizon Symposium on Emerging Trends Reshaping the International Security. Beyond the Horizon ISSG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31175/p.2018.01.08.

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"A Functional Analysis of Disinformation". W iConference 2014 Proceedings: Breaking Down Walls. Culture - Context - Computing. iSchools, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.9776/14278.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Disinformation"

Spies, Samuel. Producers of Disinformation. MediaWell, Social Science Research Council, styczeń 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/md.2013.d.2020.

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Hwang, Tim. Deconstructing the Disinformation War. MediaWell, Social Science Research Council, czerwiec 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/md.2053.d.2020.

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Rogers, Daniel J. Defunding the disinformation money machine. Redaktorzy Andrew Jaspan i Reece Hooker. Monash University, luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/ad07-4fec.

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Rogers, Daniel J. Defunding the disinformation money machine. Redaktor Andrew Jaspan. Monash University, styczeń 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/d14c-ec7d.

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Surawy Stepney, Eva, i Clare Lally. Disinformation: sources, spread and impact. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, kwiecień 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn719.

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Spies, Samuel. On Digital Disinformation and Democratic Myths. MediaWell, Social Science Research Council, grudzień 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35650/md.2012.d.2019.

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Buchanan, Ben, Andrew Lohn, Micah Musser i Katerina Sedova. Truth, Lies, and Automation: How Language Models Could Change Disinformation. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, maj 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/2021ca003.

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Growing popular and industry interest in high-performing natural language generation models has led to concerns that such models could be used to generate automated disinformation at scale. This report examines the capabilities of GPT-3--a cutting-edge AI system that writes text--to analyze its potential misuse for disinformation. A model like GPT-3 may be able to help disinformation actors substantially reduce the work necessary to write disinformation while expanding its reach and potentially also its effectiveness.

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Moreno-Castro, Carolina, Vania Baldi, Ana Azurmendi, Miguel Paisana, María Iranzo-Cabrera, Dafne Calvo, Miguel Crespo i in. IBERIFIER Reports – Legal and Political Aspects of Disinformation in Portugal and Spain. Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/026.004.

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In Portugal and Spain, disinformation is a severe concern for social and cultural reasons. Furthermore, it is a significant concern for politicians and policymakers (Wardle & Derakhshan, 2017; Lanoszka, 2019; Saurwein & Spencer-Smith, 2020; Tenove, 2020; Correyero-Ruiz & Baladrón-Pazos, 2022). According to McKay & Tenove (2021), disinformation can undermine trust in democratic institutions and influence election outcomes, harming the reputation of individuals or institutions (European Commission, 2021; Department of National Security of the Spanish Government, 2022). In Portugal, the Government established a task force to combat disinformation, promoted media literacy, and launched campaigns to raise awareness of the dangers of disinformation. Similarly, in Spain, the Government established a Strategic Communication Office to coordinate efforts to combat disinformation and launched campaigns to promote media literacy.

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Pejic, Daniel. Playbook to help fight disinformation on migrants. Redaktor Reece Hooker. Monash University, styczeń 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/3cdb-9a8c.

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Kane, Edward. Continuing Dangers of Disinformation in Corporate Accounting Reports. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, kwiecień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9634.

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