Rozprawy doktorskie: „Discursive agenda”

1

Bakir, Tamara Vian. "Media agenda-building battles between Greenpeace and Shell : a rhetorical and discursive approach". Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5412.

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The empirical focus of this research comprises the UK television news battles between Greenpeace (a highly media-aware International Non-Governmental Organisation (INGO)), and the oil company Shell (a multinational corporation (MNC)). Specifically, two such media battles are examined, both receiving international attention and intense media publicity during 1995: - The battle between Royal Dutch/Shell, particularly, its subsidiary Shell-UK, and Greenpeace over the deep-sea disposal of the Brent Spar oil platform; - The battle between Royal Dutch/Shell's Nigerian subsidiary, the Shell Petroleum Development Corporation (SPDC) (hereafter referred to as Shell-Nigeria), and Greenpeace (amongst others) over environmental pollution in Ogoniland, Nigeria. These two battles were chosen mainly because they share the same main protagonists - Greenpeace and Shell - providing rich material for a number of interesting questions regarding media agenda-building.

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2

Samuelsson, Märta, i Luise Guse. "Constructions of identities in Kenya : A Discursive analysis regarding the Communicative meaning of Identity building in Interpersonal Communication and Mass media among young adults in Nairobi". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-9271.

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Kenya har i många sammanhang varit den ledande nationen i Östafrika men när det kommer till en gemensam nationell identitet ligger landet långt efter sina grannländer. Gällande t ex kultur, traditioner eller vem man gifter sig med har istället den etniska identiteten en större betydelse för de Kenyanska medborgarna. Betydelsen av stamtillhörighet har genom historien bidragit till oroligheter mellan olika etniciteter inom landet, den senaste och mest förödande uppstod i och med presidentvalet i december 2007. Stamtillhörighetens betydelse ligger till grund för denna uppsats; vi undersökte den kommunikativa meningen av identitetsskapandet i interpersonell kommunikation och massmedia bland unga vuxna i Nairobi. Vi ville med andra ord ta reda på hur man genom diskurs skapar konstruktioner och uppfattningar om sin identitet. Teorier vi valt att basera vår studie på är Newcomb’s triangulära kommunikationsmodell och Westley och McLean’s masskommunikationsmodell. Vi diskuterar relationen mellan kommunikation och makt, socialkonstruktivism och de teoretiska begreppen identitet, etnocentrism och förställda gemenskaper. Metoder vi använt oss av är kvalitativa gruppintervjuer och innehållsanalys. Resultatet är analyserat utifrån ett diskursanalytiskt perspektiv. Vi kom fram till att den kenyanska identitetsdiskursen kännetecknas av betydelsen av den etniska tillhörigheten, vilken är mer central än den nationella tillhörigheten

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3

Van, Aswegen Jennifer. "In search of the 'inclusive agenda' through a series of discursive 'snapshots' : ideological challenges to 'Comprehensive Employment Strategy for People with Disabilities 2015-2024' Ireland". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16790/.

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This thesis offers a critique of the Irish labour market activation policy ‘Comprehensive Employment Strategy for People with Disabilities 2015-2024’, through a series of discursive snapshots. In utilising a critical discourse analysis framework and a policy problematisations approach, the study exploits the discursive space afforded by this policy event, to examine the complex interplay of welfare and education discourses, across time, place and other policy domains. Reflecting on previous studies of special education policy-making in Ireland, this strategy provides a unique opportunity to take once more, a reading of the deep conceptual issues upon which ‘disability’ is conceptualised, constituted and articulated in Irish policy-making. The purpose of this study therefore, is to examine, not only how disability is understood in this particular policy, but more importantly, to evaluate the implications which accompany such understandings, across other policy domains, and the effects on those for whom the policy is intended. In particular, the overarching aim of this study is to assess the implications emanating from this policy event, on the national aspiration for an inclusive education agenda. In essence, the study seeks to examine what this policy event ‘means’—not just for the future development of Irish disability policy, but for the implementation of the already established policy of special needs education. As we move once again towards ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities, within a climate of deepening neoliberal and economic imperatives, the rationale for undertaking such an approach to policy analysis, becomes increasingly urgent. Recent calls from eminent Irish and international scholars have urged a re-engagement with the politics of dis/ability, and discourses of renewal and hope, in order to challenge the discursive legitimacy crisis that prevails at this time in Europe and beyond. It is the explicit intention of this study therefore, to commit and contribute to this political endeavour, in the hope of creating new discursive possibilities in thinking about disability in policy-making.

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4

Kimmet, Philip, i n/a. "The Politics of Good Governance in the Asean 4". Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060307.141018.

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'Good governance' is an evolving and increasingly influential discursive agenda that introduces new ideas about public policy, specifically targeting managerial behaviour and promoting modern administrative strategies. Most scholars agree that as a notion, good governance combines liberal democratic principles with a 'new public management' (NPM) approach to economic policy-making. What is less clear is who the agenda actually targets. In other words, is the good governance agenda aimed at rulers in particular or the broader population? Implicit in the answer is whether good governance concepts are simply useful tools to help build political credibility, or the agents for better managerial and administrative outcomes. In countries with advanced economies, good governance is invariably used to describe corporate and public administration strategies that invoke ethically grounded 'World's best practice' standards and procedures. However, in developing economies, good governance can take on quite different, and often unintended meanings. This thesis finds that in developing countries good governance is being expressed more as a political tool than as substantive practice and policy reform. This is occurring in an increasingly 'post-Washington consensus' environment that explicitly recognises the importance of the social impact of structural adjustment programs and broader issues of human rights. And importantly as far as this thesis is concerned, during Southeast Asia's current economic recovery, good governance has taken on a whole new relevance. This analysis commences from the assumption that good governance is a discursively created phenomenon that can be understood as a complex notion with both structural and ideational elements. The term is couched in a structure that is both economically technical and socially normative. It has overlapping central tenets driven by regulation and the institutional environment, and should not be viewed as a set of constructs in isolation from the context in which it is being used. And it is based on assumptions about common sense attitudes and shared common good objectives. And as this thesis will demonstrate, good governance functions within an unpredictable and often hostile political environment in which powerful actors are learning to use this new discourse to satisfy political expediencies. Put simply, good governance is nourishing a politics of its own. The thesis uses the ASEAN 4 countries of Southeast Asia: the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia, as individual and comparative case studies. The studies examine how the concept is shaping the institutional structure of these countries, and includes commentary on the role of good governance in the 2004 round of election campaigning. A genealogy of good governance will be developed in these local contexts, and more generally. This will assist in mapping the concept's evolution in relation to development trajectories and local politics. The hypothesis under examination is - that the good governance agendas in the ASEAN 4 states primarily focus on improving representative rule rather than encouraging self-regulation. Two questions in particular are asked in each of the case studies dor the purpose of testing this hypothesis. What defining features of good governance discourse have been instrumental in the emergence of the politics that surrounds the agenda, and how is the discourse used to expand or limit the democratic possibilities theoretically inherent in good governance strategies and processes? These questions are important because they're designed to bring clarity to the intent of government and the role that the governed play in states where good governance is an increasingly important political issue. Good governance is more than merely a set of prescribed policies and practices. It is an agenda that reflects a specific set of 'neoliberal' ideas, predicated upon generally unarticulated assumptions about the universality of modern administrative practices supported by normative behavioural change. And it appears to privilege specific interests with potentially unjust implications for wider social formations. This assertion pivots on the finding that in various ways good governance discourages the advancement of open politics beyond nominal democratic procedures because it is theoretically grounded on governance principles that are not easily transferred to developing countries with diverging political, cultural and historical experience. Nevertheless, the attempt is underway. Ostensibly it is taking a form that is schooling targeted populations in what is 'good' and 'bad' in the economic interest of the nation. However, these efforts don't appear to be succeeding, at least not in the way the international architects of good governance intended. This thesis finds that this 'mentality' transformation project is clearly informed by Western experience. And this informs the theoretical approach of the thesis. Specifically, a 'governmentality' framework is used, largely because it has been developed out of analyses of rationalities of government in advanced liberal societies, in which the objectives of good governance are firmly grounded. And as this expanding research program has seldom been used to study government in developing countries, this thesis also puts a case for using governmentality tools beyond the boundaries of its modern Western foundations.

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5

Kimmet, Philip. "The Politic of Good Governance in the ASEAN 4". Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366708.

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'Good governance' is an evolving and increasingly influential discursive agenda that introduces new ideas about public policy, specifically targeting managerial behaviour and promoting modern administrative strategies. Most scholars agree that as a notion, good governance combines liberal democratic principles with a 'new public management' (NPM) approach to economic policy-making. What is less clear is who the agenda actually targets. In other words, is the good governance agenda aimed at rulers in particular or the broader population? Implicit in the answer is whether good governance concepts are simply useful tools to help build political credibility, or the agents for better managerial and administrative outcomes. In countries with advanced economies, good governance is invariably used to describe corporate and public administration strategies that invoke ethically grounded 'World's best practice' standards and procedures. However, in developing economies, good governance can take on quite different, and often unintended meanings. This thesis finds that in developing countries good governance is being expressed more as a political tool than as substantive practice and policy reform. This is occurring in an increasingly 'post-Washington consensus' environment that explicitly recognises the importance of the social impact of structural adjustment programs and broader issues of human rights. And importantly as far as this thesis is concerned, during Southeast Asia's current economic recovery, good governance has taken on a whole new relevance. This analysis commences from the assumption that good governance is a discursively created phenomenon that can be understood as a complex notion with both structural and ideational elements. The term is couched in a structure that is both economically technical and socially normative. It has overlapping central tenets driven by regulation and the institutional environment, and should not be viewed as a set of constructs in isolation from the context in which it is being used. And it is based on assumptions about common sense attitudes and shared common good objectives. And as this thesis will demonstrate, good governance functions within an unpredictable and often hostile political environment in which powerful actors are learning to use this new discourse to satisfy political expediencies. Put simply, good governance is nourishing a politics of its own. The thesis uses the ASEAN 4 countries of Southeast Asia: the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia, as individual and comparative case studies. The studies examine how the concept is shaping the institutional structure of these countries, and includes commentary on the role of good governance in the 2004 round of election campaigning. A genealogy of good governance will be developed in these local contexts, and more generally. This will assist in mapping the concept's evolution in relation to development trajectories and local politics. The hypothesis under examination is - that the good governance agendas in the ASEAN 4 states primarily focus on improving representative rule rather than encouraging self-regulation. Two questions in particular are asked in each of the case studies dor the purpose of testing this hypothesis. What defining features of good governance discourse have been instrumental in the emergence of the politics that surrounds the agenda, and how is the discourse used to expand or limit the democratic possibilities theoretically inherent in good governance strategies and processes? These questions are important because they're designed to bring clarity to the intent of government and the role that the governed play in states where good governance is an increasingly important political issue. Good governance is more than merely a set of prescribed policies and practices. It is an agenda that reflects a specific set of 'neoliberal' ideas, predicated upon generally unarticulated assumptions about the universality of modern administrative practices supported by normative behavioural change. And it appears to privilege specific interests with potentially unjust implications for wider social formations. This assertion pivots on the finding that in various ways good governance discourages the advancement of open politics beyond nominal democratic procedures because it is theoretically grounded on governance principles that are not easily transferred to developing countries with diverging political, cultural and historical experience. Nevertheless, the attempt is underway. Ostensibly it is taking a form that is schooling targeted populations in what is 'good' and 'bad' in the economic interest of the nation. However, these efforts don't appear to be succeeding, at least not in the way the international architects of good governance intended. This thesis finds that this 'mentality' transformation project is clearly informed by Western experience. And this informs the theoretical approach of the thesis. Specifically, a 'governmentality' framework is used, largely because it has been developed out of analyses of rationalities of government in advanced liberal societies, in which the objectives of good governance are firmly grounded. And as this expanding research program has seldom been used to study government in developing countries, this thesis also puts a case for using governmentality tools beyond the boundaries of its modern Western foundations.
Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
Griffith Business School
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Youssef, Maisaa. "A violence properly political, discourse, discrepancy, and discursive agency". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37423.pdf.

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Vitanova, Gergana. "Gender and Agency Practices in a Second Language". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029525438.

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Brooks, Samantha K. "Problematic eating and its public accountability : the discursive construction of agency in radio talk". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33948.

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This thesis is a discursive psychological and conversation analytic examination of discourse and interaction about food, weight and eating behaviours. The data corpus consists of approximately twenty-eight hours of talk recorded from UK radio broadcasts between 2002 and 2007, the majority of which were found through online archives. Within this corpus are a variety of different radio shows where the topic under discussion is body weight or eating behaviours. Data was transcribed using the Jeffersonian method which was developed for conversation analysis (CA). After transcription was complete, CA was used to examine the design and function of the interaction, in particular its sequential organisation within the institutional setting of a radio show.

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Lo, Wai Han. "Inter-discursive strategies, resistance and agency the case of poverty in Hong Kong media". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/210.

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This study uses Foucauldian governmentality as a framework to examine the interplay of neoliberal and place-based discourses, as well as the political rationalities aimed at governing citizens. It identifies neoliberalism as an ideological project and different parties play a role in the facilitation and circulation of neoliberalism as a form of governmentality. The possibility for accommodation of the two mismatched theoretical position, poststructuralism and Marxism, is also discussed. This study not only focuses on the apparatus of technologies of domination, but also responds to a recent call to recognize the creative possibilities and freedom of an individual. A geneology of poverty and welfare discourse is examined in this study through a complementary combination of qualitative coding analysis and quantitative content analysis of 20 years of Hong Kong newspaper articles. Seventy in-deep interviews with poor people, social workers, and volunteers, and participant observation were conducted in three NGOs for one year. Five central governing practices among poverty news articles supporting neoliberal rationality and mentalities and four oppositional claims are also found. Three major shifts in discursive strategies were identified as coinciding with the major socio-political changes in Hong Kong. The result shows that the mobilization of moral panic prompted a shift in the discourse regarding poverty from a story-like form of social citizenship to rational language of economic citizenship. In this, news media use their institutional power to determine the legitimate way to discuss poverty. Faced with journalism preference of scientism, rationality, and extraordinary stories, social actors and government officials use survey, official statistics, rational language and demonstrations to attract media attention. Journalists condition the audience to act as good citizens by repeating the self-reliance project. The individuals are either conditioned to behave themselves or to monitor the behavior of others in economic terms. This study further examines how the society in terms of power and knowledge constitutes subjectivity. It first illustrates how gazes might transform social relations in our everyday lives. Individuals might submit to power as technology of domination under constant surveillance. At the same time, poor people accomplish goals and actualize themselves as technology of self

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Khoo, Su-Ming. "Democracy and development in Malaysia : the role of think tanks and NGOs as discursive agents". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300607.

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Hodges, Mandi. "Calling time : a discursive analysis of telephone calls to an alcohol helpline". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7994.

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This thesis takes Discursive Psychology as its main theoretical influence. Drawing on the resources of Discursive Psychology and utilising analytic tools provided by Conversation Analysis, these principles are applied to the study of addiction, and specifically alcohol problems. The data explored are telephone calls to an alcohol helpline. Four analytic chapters are presented. The first focuses on the concept of loss of control over drinking, identifying features of how this concept is constructed in talk and suggests possible functions of control talk for both callers and Advice Workers. The second analytic chapter examines how Advice Workers respond to callers' professed impaired control over their drinking and I demonstrate that embedded in discursive sequences of problem formulation and advice giving are issues of agency, accountability and responsibility. The thesis moves on to explore the role of knowledge in calls to an alcohol helpline and the analysis reveals that both the expert status of the Advice Worker and the speciality of the topic are co-constructed between the speakers on the helpline. The final analytic chapter features just one telephone call and demonstrates the application of such an analysis for alcohol service providers. The thesis ends with a discussion of the main overall findings and the implications of the research for clinical practice. I close by arguing that initial agency contact is a very important site of study and recommend that this should be explored utilising naturally-occurring talk.

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Ljungberg, Anja Skov. "Functional Punishment. A discursive study of functional punishment-representations in MetroXpress’ news articles, 2018". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21301.

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In this thesis project, the phenomenon of news media representation of punitivism has been researched through a methodology of a socio-semiotic discourse analysis framed within a theoretical structure of Durkheimianism and news value components. Articles concerning MetroXpress’ representation of criminal deviance and punishment were located through a buzzwords search within the newspaper’s online data archives. The search granted a total of 702 word-occurrences appearing in 216 separate news articles. The discourse analysis seperated these articles into the five sub-discourses of “Blurbs”, “Verdicts”, “Spectacle”, “Single Agent Focus” and “Cultural Context”. The distribution of articles pertaining to specific sub-discourses were distributed such that the highest concentration of articles was present in the “Blurbs” discourse, closely followed by “Verdicts”, placing “Single Agent Focus” and “Spectacle” in the middle, while the “Cultural Context” discourse was made up of the fewest articles. The methodology granted insight into functional punishment and MetroXpress’ representation of criminal deviance, revealing the newspaper’s discourse to be one of situated timeliness which positively promoted judicial-systemic activity. Presenting an anti-Durkheimian conception of deviance in relation to its supposed manifestation in any society, the newspaper presents the phenomenon as defeatable by the judicial system. In this regard, MetroXpress has positioned itself as the mouthpiece of the justice system, in such a manner that they function as a legitimizing force for the punitive system. Beyond the hierarchy of eliteness which permeates the discourse, a normalization of the conception of criminal deviants as dysfunctional obstacles who prohibit organic social cohesiveness is another facet of the discourse. Consequently, a primary focal point within the narratives center on the functional relationship between the deviant individual, systemic representatives and their relation to social cohesiveness.

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Samaniego, Palomino Isabel Katerina. "El rol de agente de cambio social del diseñador gráfico en su comunidad: Los casos de la pieza editorial del caso colombiano La ruta del Guarapo desde 2009 hasta 2011, la innovación social en el caso argentino Qom Lashepi Alpi desde 2013 hasta 2018 y el caso peruano Kay desde 2010 hasta 2014". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654628.

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El presente trabajo aborda el rol de agencia del diseñador gráfico a través de tres casos donde se ha trabajado con la comunidad y planteado determinadas metodologías para desarrollar el discurso visual en el objetivo de cada proyecto. Se parte de la hipótesis que el vínculo del diseñador gráfico con su comunidad y la identificación de una metodología con involucramiento social posibilita su impacto como agente de cambio social. La investigación está diseñada a partir de la revisión de fuentes bibliográficas, análisis de las respectivas piezas gráficas y las entrevistas a los/las diseñadores/as que los llevan a cabo. Los principales resultados indican que el trabajo que el diseñador realiza con la comunidad y materializa en su producción visual parte de la aplicación de dinámicas participativas donde se revela una metodología y discurso visual específico. Por tanto, se concluye que el impacto del rol del diseñador/a gráfico/a como agente de cambio en su comunidad tiene distintos alcances de acuerdo a su respuesta frente a un objetivo específico, que se centra en su acción discursiva y visual a un nivel comunicacional, o de un objetivo integral, en el cual la metodología del diseñador intenta sustentabilizar a la comunidad, encaminarla y capacitarla para su autogestión.
This work addresses the agency role of the graphic designer through three cases where the community has worked and proposed certain methodologies to develop the visual discourse in the objective of each project. It is based on the hypothesis that the graphic designer's link with his community and the identification of a methodology with social involvement enables his impact as an agent of social change. The research is designed from the review of bibliographic sources, analysis of the respective graphic pieces and interviews with the designers who carry them out. The main results indicate that the work that the designer carries out with the community and materializes in her visual production starts from the application of participatory dynamics, where a specific visual methodology and discourse is revealed. Therefore, it is concluded that the impact of the role of the graphic designer as an agent of change in their community has different scopes according to their response to a specific objective, which focuses on their discursive and visual action at a level communicational, or an integral objective, in which the designer's methodology tries to sustain the community, direct it and train it for its self-management.
Trabajo de investigación

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Veecock, Candace. "Agentivité, modalités de contrôle et subjectivité". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR30080/document.

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En français, la construction se faire + infinitif montre une agentivité non prototypique (questionnement sur l’interprétation du rôle participatif qu’il convient d’attribuer au sujet animé : « Paul s’est fait donner un livre par Marie » suppose un contrôle de Marie sur le don et un contrôle partiel de Paul sur le déclenchement du don). Dans certaines tournures, ce contrôle sera diminué voire annulé (« Paul s’est fait voler sa voiture »). On étudiera aussi des périphrases verbales (se laisser+infinitif, se voir+infinitif, faire+infinitif) et des opérateurs causatifs en anglais (get, have). Get et se faire ont beaucoup en commun, y compris le fait que leur spécialisation dans le « désagréable » en tant que « passifs » s’avèrent être un développement récent. L’attribution de l’agentivité est une opération énonciative très importante. Notre conception du temps fait que nous assignons une causation à des événements. L’agentivité se distingue de la causalité par le fait qu’un animé (et particulièrement un humain) est identifié comme la cause ultime d’un événement. L’animé se voit alors attribuer formellement une intention, un contrôle et une télicité pour ses différentes actions. Il y a certes régulièrement un décalage cognitif par rapport à une agentivité prototypique. L’agentivité linguistique est de ce fait un concept complexe permettant des transferts de responsabilité entre agents effectifs ou potentiels à des degrés divers (cas de dédoublement de l’agentivité, cas de l’agentivité déléguée, etc.). L’agentivité se rapporte alors à l'inscription et à l’encodage linguistique de certaines opérations cognitives et énonciatives à la disposition d'un sujet énonciateur. Notre analyse utilise certains concepts de la théorie des opérations énonciatives de Culioli. L’apport d’un « principe informatif » (les développements récents de la théorie de l’« information packaging » de Vallduví ou de la « structure informationnelle » de Lambrecht) permet de détecter dans des constructions comme se faire+infinitif un rôle pragmatico-énonciatif en contraste avec la construction passive canonique en être. L’emploi de ces constructions reflète la gestion subjective et intersubjective de l’information, le processus d’enrichissement des connaissances du co-énonciateur par des informations relevant d’un positionnement ou de la prise en charge de l’énonciateur par rapport à son énoncé
The attribution of agentivity is an important enunciative operation. Our conception of time leads us to assign causes to actions and events. Linguistic “agency” or agentivity can be distinguished from linguistic causality (or causativity) by the fact that an animate entity (generally human) can be identified as the ultimate cause of an action or event. Animate entities are formally accorded intention, control and telicity over their own actions. However there are regular cognitive shifts from prototypical agency. Agentivity is a complex concept often allowing differing degrees of agency and the transfer of agency between actual or potential agents (the doubling of agents, delegated agency, etc.). Agentivity refers to the ascription and linguistic encoding of cognitive and enonciative operations which are at the disposal of an utterer / enunciator. Constructions which show nonprototypical agentivity are thus of particular interest. French constructions such as se faire + infinitif, se laisser + infinitif, se voir + infinitif, faire + infinitif as well as English constructions with get and have are revealing. Here there is a question as to the interpretation of the participative role of the animate subject. In certain cases control can be attenuated or even cancelled. In fact, se faire and get constructions have much in common, including their recent specialization as passives which describe unpleasant circumstances. This work uses concepts from Culioli’s Theory of Enunciative Operations. The contribution of an informative principle (recent developments in linguistic theories of information such as Vallduví’s “information packaging” and Lambrecht’s “informational structure”) makes it possible to detect in constructions similar to se faire + infinitif, a pragmatico-enunciative role which can be distinguished from canonical passives. The use of these constructions reflects the subjective and intersubjective management of information and the process of enriching the knowledge of one’s interlocutor with information indicating stance and positioning

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Harbaugh, Adam Paul. "Authoritative discourse in the middle school mathematics classroom: a case study". Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2568.

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According to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standard of communication, ??Instructional programs from pre-kindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to...communicate their mathematical thinking coherently and clearly to peers, teachers, and others?? and students need to learn ??what is acceptable as evidence in mathematics?? (NCTM, 2000, p. 60). But do teachers have a clear understanding of what is acceptable or do they believe that the only acceptable explanations are the ones that they themselves gave to the students? Can teachers accept alternative forms of explanation and methods of solution as mathematically accurate or do they want students to simply restate the teachers?? understandings of mathematics and the problem? The focus of this dissertation is the authoritative discourse practices of classroom teachers as they relate to individual students and large and small groups of students. In this case study, I examine the interactions in one eighth-grade mathematics classroom and the possible sharing of mathematical authority and development of mathematical agency that take place via the teacher??s uses of authoritative discourse. A guiding objective of this research was to examine the ways a teacher??s discursive practices were aligned with her pedagogical intentions. The teacher for this study was an experienced eighth-grade mathematics teacher at a rural Central Texas middle school. The teacher was a participant in the Middle School Mathematics Project at Texas A&M University. Results of an analysis of the discourse of six selected classes were combined with interview and observation data and curriculum materials to inform the research questions. I found that through the teacher??s regular use of authoritative discursive devices, mathematical authority was infrequently shared. Also the teacher??s uses of authoritative discourse helped create an environment where mathematical agency was not encouraged or supported. The teacher??s use of various discursive devices helped establish and maintain a hierarchy of mathematical authority with students at the lowest level reliant on others for various mathematical decisions.

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Santos, Gersiney Pablo. "A voz da situação de rua na agenda de mudança social no Brasil : um estudo discursivo crítico sobre o Movimento Nacional da População em Situação de Rua (MNPR)". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/24869.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Linguística, Português e Línguas Clássicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, 2017.
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A presente tese propõe uma reflexão crítica acerca de como se dão as representações discursivas do Movimento Nacional da População de Rua (MNPR) em textos construídos no âmbito da mobilização por inclusão social da população em situação de rua no Brasil. Para tanto, foram analisados textos concernentes à luta por inclusão social da população em situação de rua no Brasil, assim como a (auto)identificação de sua luta no contexto dos embates discursivos pela superação da situação de rua. Para promover a reflexão crítica e contribuir para uma intervenção concreta no mundo social, foram investigados, em dois momentos analíticos, textos do MNPR relacionados a sua mobilização política. Primeiro, a Carta de Princípios do movimento social e o Plano de Ação: realizações linguístico-discursivas fundamentais na proposta de organização política do Movimento, advindos das duas primeiras edições do Congresso Nacional do Movimento da População de Rua (ocorridos nos anos 2012 e 2014). Em um segundo momento, a análise discursiva crítica foi desenvolvida em textos gerados de entrevistas realizadas com cinco lideranças componentes da coordenação nacional do MNPR (São Paulo, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo e Distrito Federal). Especialmente para a segunda parte analítica, foi utilizado o Método Sincrônico-Diacrônico de Análise Linguística de Textos (MSDALT), como método basilar para nossas reflexões, em articulação com nossos objetivos de pesquisa. Por fim, discutindo os resultados dos capítulos analíticos, é apresentada uma crítica explanatória, a qual intentou articular as considerações desenvolvidas por toda a tese com uma proposta de intervenção prática. Como resultados principais do trabalho, foi possível observar que o MNPR possui uma postura discursiva diferente entre os/as coordenadores/as entrevistados/as, em construção, que oscilam entre um discurso de ruptura e uma busca por autonomia diante de relações complexas com Estado e parcerias. O nível discursivo da atuação social do MNPR, segundo as análises, mostrou que a natureza intricada dessas relações impactam a mobilização social e o avanço nas conquistas para a população em situação de rua. As percepções críticas deste trabalho buscam, assim, unir os resultados alcançados com uma reflexão acerca das ações e possibilidades transformadoras do MNPR.
This thesis aims to reflect on how the discursive representations of the Brazilian social movement Movimento Nacional da População de Rua (Homeless People of Brazil National Movement) (MNPR) in texts constructed in the ambit of the social inclusion and mobilization of the homeless population in Brazil. For that, we analyzed texts related to the struggle for social inclusion of those social actors, as well as the (self)identification of the irstruggle – over the context of debates about over coming the situation. In order to promote a critical reflection and contribute to a concrete intervention in social world, texts of the MNPR related to its political mobilization were investigate dat two analytical moments: the first one regards the “Carta de Princípios” (i.e., the Letter of Principles of the MNPR) and the “Plano de Ação” (i.e., the MNPR Policy): fundamental linguistic discursive achievements referred to the proposal of the social movement political organization – made as a result of the two first editions of National Congress of MNPR discussions. In a second moment, a critical discursive analysis was developed in texts generated from interviews with five leaders of the MNPR (São Paulo, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo and Federal District). Especially for the second analytical part, the Synchronic-Diachronic Text Analysis was used, as a basilar method for the research reflections, in articulation with the research aims. Finally, discussing the results of the analytical chapters, an explanatory critique was presented whichwasintendedtoarticulatetheconsiderationsdevelopedthroughoutthethesis wi th a proposal for practical intervention. As the main results of the study, it was possible to observe that the MNPR has different discursive attitudes among the interviewed coordinators, which oscillate between a discourse of rupture and a search for autonomy – in the face of complex relations shared with the State and partnerships. The discursive level of the social performance of the MNPR, according to the analysis, showed an intricate nature of those relation swhich impact the social mobilization and the actual advance in the achievements for the homeless population.

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Muftee, Mehek. "“That will be your home” : Resettlement preparations for children and youth from the Horn of Africa". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Barn, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108898.

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This thesis analyzes how children and youth being resettled from Kenya and Sudan were prepared for their upcoming resettlement to Sweden, through cultural orientation programs (COPs). COPs are held for refugees who have been granted permanent Swedish residence and are undergoing resettlement to Sweden. The Swedish Migration Board, in charge of resettlement, carries out COPs as a means to inform and prepare refugees for the move to Sweden. This thesis is based on ethnographic work carried out during COPs held in Kenya and Sudan in 2011. Through video-based observation of the meetings between the Swedish delegations and children and youth, current thesis examines what notions of resettlement and refugeeness inform the delegations work, and how does the children’s agency come about during these meetings? The thesis includes three articles. Article 1 examines how the delegations make use of images in order to establish certain ideas of Sweden and the ideal citizen specifically tailored for the group being resettled. Article 2 explores children’s agency within the COPs, focusing on how the children and youth manage the meetings and sometimes resisting being positioned in certain ways by the delegations. Article 3 analyzes how notions of gender equality are drawn upon by the delegations during their work, a topic frequently highlighted by the delegations in various implicit and dilemmatic ways. The thesis shows how the delegations’ work is carried out in paradoxical ways. Their quest to bring forth the ideal future as a means to instill hope among the children simultaneously ends up categorizing them as different and as others. The representatives draw n ideas that the children need to be socialized in order to be incorporated into another “us”.
Avhandlingen undersöker hur barn och ungdomar förbereds inför sin vidarebosättning genom så kallade Sverigeprogram. Avhandlingen är baserad på en etnografisk studie där video observationer genomförts av Sverigeprogram som hölls utav Migrationsverket i Kenya och Sudan för familjer som var på väg att vidarebosättas till Sverige. Som ett led i vidarebosättningsprocessen informeras och förbereds flyktingar inför flytten till Sverige. Syftet är att informera och presentera Sverige, skapa dialog och verka för flyktingarnas aktiva medverkan i sin vidarebosättningsprocess. Sedan några år tillbaka har speciella program genomförts för barn och ungdomar. Avhandlingen visar hur de två delegationerna arbetar med bilder och information med syftet att presentera en positiv bild av Sverige i ett led i att inge barnen hopp. Praktiken av att presentera idealbilden av Sverige hänger samman med socialiseringsprocess av barnen som stundtals positioneras som avvikande från svenskheten. Delegationernas arbete med att presentera bilden av den fria individen går hand i hand med en vilja att inkorporera barnen i en ny gemenskap, ett nytt ”vi”. I artikel ett undersöks hur delegationerna arbeter med bilder som visas upp genom olika praktiker för att förmedla en viss bild av Sverige samt den ideala medborgaren som ansvarstagande och aktiv. Artikel två fokuserar på barns agens och hur de under mötena med delegationerna förhandlar och gör motstånd mot stereotypifiering men också ställer egna frågor om framtiden när utrymme ges. Artikel tre fokuserar på hur delegationerna pratar om jämställdhet med unga tjejer som deltar i programmen med utgångspunkt i att stärka tjejerna och informera de om rättigheter men hur arbetet med att presentera ett liv i frihet går hand i hand med att även presentera hur detta liv bör se ut vilket paradoxalt nog positionerar tjejerna som ojämställda och annorlunda.

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Gómez, Puertas Lorena 1978. "La proposta discursiva del serial català sobre temes d'interès social. Estudi de cas: el cor de la ciutat ( Televisió de Catalunya, 2000-2009)". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7275.

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Des dels Estudis Culturals Consensuals on la televisió s'entén com a fòrum aquesta tesi doctoral estudia l'aportació del serial de Televisió de Catalunya a la construcció social de la realitat i el seu potencial com a institució intermèdia per a la negociació i objectivació social del sentit. L'objectiu de la investigació consisteix en entendre quines són les estratègies sobre les que el serial estudi de cas, El cor de la ciutat (2000-2009), proposa l'organització de l'experiència de la vida quotidiana en relació a qüestions que prèviament defineix com a temes i problemes socials rellevants per a l'individu al que adreça la seva acció comunicativa. La combinació de tècniques d'anàlisi textual i de contingut per l'estudi de l'agenda permet detectar les lògiques d'introducció i plantejament de determinats temes d'interès social i analitzar comparativament els marcs interpretatius i les estratègies discursives emprades segons es tracti de valors socials compartits, transgredits o contraposats.
Desde los Estudios Culturales Consensuales donde se define la televisión como foro esta tesis doctoral estudia la aportación del serial de Televisió de Catalunya a la construcción social de la realidad y su potencial como institución intermedia para la negociación y objetivación social del sentido. El objetivo de la investigación consiste en entender cuáles son las estrategias del serial estudio de caso, El cor de la ciutat (2000-2009), para proponer la organización de la experiencia de la vida cotidiana en relación a las cuestiones que previamente define como temas y problemas sociales relevantes para el individuo al que dirige su acción comunicativa. La combinación de técnicas de análisis textual y de contenido para estudiar la agenda permite detectar las lógicas de introducción y planteamiento de determinados temas de interés social, y analizar comparativamente los marcos interpretativos y las estrategias discursivas desarrolladas según se planteen valores sociales compartidos, transgredidos o contrapuestos.
From consensual perspective of Cultural Studies, considering television as a forum, this doctoral dissertation analyses the contribution of the longest serial of Televisió de Catalunya to the social construction of reality and its potential as intermediate institution for the social negotiation and objectivation of sense. The main objective of this research is to understand which are the strategies developed by El cor de la ciutat (2000-2009) to propose the organization of everyday experience in relation to questions that previously has defined as social issues and social problems, as part of the communicative action that Catalan television addressed to their viewers. A methodology combining textual analysis and content analysis techniques for studying agenda enables us to identify the logics for the introduction and approach of certain social issues and to examine, in a comparative framing and discourse analysis, which are the strategies implemented depending on values' dynamics (shared, transgressed or confronted).

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Gómez, Puertas Lorena. "La proposta discursiva del serial català sobre temes d'interès social. Estudi de cas: el cor de la ciutat ( Televisió de Catalunya, 2000-2009)". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7275.

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Des dels Estudis Culturals Consensuals on la televisió s'entén com a fòrum aquesta tesi doctoral estudia l'aportació del serial de Televisió de Catalunya a la construcció social de la realitat i el seu potencial com a institució intermèdia per a la negociació i objectivació social del sentit. L'objectiu de la investigació consisteix en entendre quines són les estratègies sobre les que el serial estudi de cas, El cor de la ciutat (2000-2009), proposa l'organització de l'experiència de la vida quotidiana en relació a qüestions que prèviament defineix com a temes i problemes socials rellevants per a l'individu al que adreça la seva acció comunicativa. La combinació de tècniques d'anàlisi textual i de contingut per l'estudi de l'agenda permet detectar les lògiques d'introducció i plantejament de determinats temes d'interès social i analitzar comparativament els marcs interpretatius i les estratègies discursives emprades segons es tracti de valors socials compartits, transgredits o contraposats.
Desde los Estudios Culturales Consensuales donde se define la televisión como foro esta tesis doctoral estudia la aportación del serial de Televisió de Catalunya a la construcción social de la realidad y su potencial como institución intermedia para la negociación y objetivación social del sentido. El objetivo de la investigación consiste en entender cuáles son las estrategias del serial estudio de caso, El cor de la ciutat (2000-2009), para proponer la organización de la experiencia de la vida cotidiana en relación a las cuestiones que previamente define como temas y problemas sociales relevantes para el individuo al que dirige su acción comunicativa. La combinación de técnicas de análisis textual y de contenido para estudiar la agenda permite detectar las lógicas de introducción y planteamiento de determinados temas de interés social, y analizar comparativamente los marcos interpretativos y las estrategias discursivas desarrolladas según se planteen valores sociales compartidos, transgredidos o contrapuestos.
From consensual perspective of Cultural Studies, considering television as a forum, this doctoral dissertation analyses the contribution of the longest serial of Televisió de Catalunya to the social construction of reality and its potential as intermediate institution for the social negotiation and objectivation of sense. The main objective of this research is to understand which are the strategies developed by El cor de la ciutat (2000-2009) to propose the organization of everyday experience in relation to questions that previously has defined as social issues and social problems, as part of the communicative action that Catalan television addressed to their viewers. A methodology combining textual analysis and content analysis techniques for studying agenda enables us to identify the logics for the introduction and approach of certain social issues and to examine, in a comparative framing and discourse analysis, which are the strategies implemented depending on values' dynamics (shared, transgressed or confronted).

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Kullberg, Helena. "Vad ska jag göra som specialpedagog? : En materiell-diskursiv analys av specialpedagogers uppdrag och yrkesroll i ett skolområde". Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-20827.

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Specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll har i många år uppmärksammats i forskningen, främst i förhållande till speciallärarens uppdrag och yrkesroll för att belysa likheter och skillnader. Denna studie har en ambition att bidra till att belysa vad som påverkar utformningen av en specialpedagogs uppdrag och yrkesroll. Studien är kvalitativ och utgår ifrån Karen Barads teori om agentisk realism där både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga kroppar (performativa agenter) påverkar föreställningar kring t.ex. specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll. Materia så som t.ex. styrdokument, utbildning mm och språk är starkt sammankopplade i den verklighet som specialpedagogen verkar i och därför bygger studien på en materiell-diskursiv analys. Syftet med denna studie är att åskådliggöra och identifiera vilka performativa agenter som påverkar hur specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll utformas i grundskolorna i ett skolområde. Metoddelen bygger på en brevmetod samt semistrukturerade intervjuer med speciallärare, specialpedagoger, rektorer och en skolområdeschef i ett skolområde. För att tydliggöra vilka performativa agenter som äger agens i bearbetningen har ett analysschema skapats utifrån uppdrag respektive yrkesroll. I analysschemat för uppdraget har de performativa agenterna kategoriserats utifrån en figur som jag har skapat för att tydliggöra uppdraget. Resultatdelen visar på hur uppdrag respektive yrkesroll presenteras av specialpedagoger, speciallärare, rektorer samt skolområdeschef och pekar på att det förekommer ett stort antal performativa agenter varav rektorns kompetens, rektorns beslut, verksamhetens behov och specialpedagogens kunskap och kompetens har stor betydelse i utformningen av specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll. Avslutningsvis diskuteras vilken betydelse de performativa agenterna har för utformningen av specialpedagogens uppdrag och yrkesroll samt hur det specialpedagogiska stödet utformas i en organisation. Men även hur figuren som använts kan vara en tydlig modell att använda för att analysera specialpedagogens uppdrag i förhållande till elevhälsoteamets hälsofrämjande, förebyggande och åtgärdande arbete i skolorganisationen d.v.s. som en del i skolutveckling.
The special educator´s mission and professional role have for many years been noticed in the research, mainly in relation to the special teacher´s mission and professional role to highlight similarities and differences. This study has an ambition to help illuminate what influences the design of a special educator´s mission and professional role. The study is qualitative and is based on Karen Barad´s theory of agentic realism where both human and non-human bodies (performative agents) influence perceptions about, for example the special educator´s mission and professional role. Matter and language are strongly interconnected in the reality in which the special educator works and therefore the study is based on a material-discursive analysis. The purpose of the study is to illustrate and identify which performative agents influence how the special educator´s assignments and professional role are designed in primary school in a school district. The method part is based on a letter method and semistructured interviews with specialist teachers, special educators, principals and a school district manager in a school district. In order to clarify which performative agents own agents in the processing, an analysis scheme has been created based on assignments and professional role. In the analysis schedule for the assignment, the performative agents have been categorized on the basis of a figure that I created to clarify the assignment. The results section shows how assignments and professional roles are presented by special educators, special teachers, principals and a school district manager, and points to the fact that there are a large number of performative agents, of which the principals competence, the decision of the principal, the needs of the organization and the knowledge and competence of the special educator are of great importance in the design of the special educator´s assignment and profession. Finally, we discuss the importance of the performative agents for the design of the special educator´s mission and professional role and how the special educational support is designed in an organization. But also how the figure used can be a clear model to use to analyze the special educator´s assignment in relation to the student health team´s health promotion, prevention and corrective work in the school organization, i.e. as part of school development.

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Näslund, Rebecka. "“The World at Your Fingertips if You Know the Computer”: Agency, Information and Communication Technologies and Disability". Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60909.

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This thesis focuses on the relationships between agency, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and people with disability (in various ages). The aim has been to create an understanding by describing and analysing, and as such, to develop knowledge of how people with disabilities experience agency, ICT, and disability in their everyday lives. The frame of reference is inspired by disability studies, feminist studies and science and technologies studies (STS). The empirical material was collected in, Norrbotten (Sweden’s northernmost region) and Muscat (the capital area of the Sultanate of Oman) by an autobiographical account, audio-visual material, drawings, interviews, observations, and reading of textual documents. The thesis consists of six papers. The main findings outline that agency, ICT, disability, and gender are part of intra-actions between material entities (such as bodies, technologies, etc.) and practices. The thesis also explores that disability in Sweden and Oman are understood in a variety of ways. Additionally, it presents that the combination of the notions of interference with situated knowledges can contribute with alternative methodological insights about the interference of disability, gender, ICT, the participants’ and researchers’ experiences and understandings to make accountable knowledge claims. Moreover, the thesis presents that material entities (bodies and technologies) and practices are part of different modes of ordering disability which bear effects on the lives of people with disabilities. It additionally disentangles that materialities such as the Internet intra-act with other material entities (for instance, bodies) and practices which enact various forms of agency which bear effects on the everyday lives of people with disability and their ways to participate. Finally, the thesis outlines some implications that an intra-acting understanding of the use of Internet can contribute with in research which focuses on disability, participation, and agency.

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Nilsson, Frida. "Creating spaces for action. ANC-women politicians' views on bridewealth and gender-related power". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Sociology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4004.

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The first aim of this work has been to analyse and understand the ways in which a group of ANC-women politicians reason about bridewealth/lobola – an institution about which they express differing views, in particular about whether or not it is oppressive to women. The main body of the empirical material is based on 27 interviews conducted in South Africa in the period 1996-1998.

One finding of the study is that there are explicit defining discourses on lobola as well as more implicitly expressed understandings. The explicit discourses make a distinction between ’good lobola’ – which is expressed in a family-related discourse as ’a bond between families’ – and ’bad lobola’ which is expressed in, for instance, an economic discourse about ’the purchase of women’. The family-related discourse is interpreted as part of a discursive strategy to create spaces for action with respect to relations of gender-related power. (Re)definitions of lobola may be used not only to counter men’s abuse of monetary lobola but also to counter ’traditional’ gender meanings associated with lobola. Furthermore, explicit discourses on lobola are interpreted as a ‘political discourse’ which is formed both in relation to pragmatic ‘political realities’ but also in relation to hegemonic Western discourses. The political discourse on lobola in connection with ‘African identity’ constitutes a discursive strategy to provide discursive space in order for ’Africans’ to be able to (re)interpret a cherished but also controversial institution.

A second aim of the study has been of a self-reflexive character. It consitutes a critique of a ‘doing gender’ theoretical perspective as well as an attempt to transcend the ‘actor/structure dichotomy’ in sociological analysis.

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Jackson, Elizabeth C. "Conceptualizing international development project sustainability through a discursive theory of institutionalization : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management Studies /". ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1296.

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Zagatto, Bruna Pastro. ""Eu sou marisqueira, lavradora e quilombola": uma análise do processo de construção da identidade nas comunidades rurais do Guaí, Maragojipe, Bahia". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/12799.

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Na última década, inúmeras comunidades rurais brasileiras se autorreconheceram como remanescentes de quilombos, dentre elas, seis localizadas no distrito do Guaí em Maragojipe, Bahia, que foram objeto deste estudo. No processo de "se tornar" quilombola, as diferenças das comunidades Guaí foram produzidas sobretudo nos espços de interação intercultural entre agentes comunitários e agentes governamentais, tais como reuniões políticas para identificação da história e do território quilombola. Esta dissertação lançou luz justamente sobre esse locus da mediação cultural, com o objetivo de analisar a construção simbólico-discursiva da identidade e da memória, em que os agentes políticos de constituíram como mediadores simbólicos das diferenças. Nesse sentido, a atenção se voltou principalmente para as narrativas sobre o passado do Guaí, em que as trajetórias individuais ganharam caráter cada vez mais coletivo que resultaram na emrgência de novos líderes comunitários e na construção da história das comunidades quilombolas do Guaí. Nesse processo, os líderes comunitários assumiram o importante papel na articulação de diferenças particulares, sobretudo ligadas ao modo de vida do pescador/marisqueira e do lavrador(a), com categorias generalizadoras, como raça, tradição e cultura, buscando construir consensos em torno dos modos de apresentação e representação do grupo. Em decorrência disso, 'ser negro" e "ser da roça e da maré" foram ressignificados, passando de uma condição de inferioridade para a de dignidade coletiva e com possibilidade do acesso a direitos. Por fim, esse estudo apresenta como os impasses gerados pela possibilidade da coletivização do título da terra e a falta de retorno do Estado frente as demandas materiais do grupo impactam a auto-identificação quilombola no Guaí. The present work aimed to study the relationship of Pankararé people with the environment in which they live. It is an ethnography focused on natural resource management as well as in the perception and attribution of meaning to the natural elements of the territory by the indigenous group. For this I used literature sources and ethnographic material. The study took place on the indigenous land Pankararé and the indigenous land Brejo do Burgo, located on the municipalities of Paulo Afonso, Glória and Rodelas (Bahia), where about 1,500 people live.The region, known as Raso da Catarina, is one of the driest of the semi-arid region of Bahia where predominates the Caatinga biome. The Pankararé people inhabited this region for several generations and thus developed a comprehensive and detailed knowledge of the territory. This body of knowledge about natural resources - such as the classification of plants and animals - as well as land use and perception are part of a dynamic subordinated to an outstanding feature of the local ecology: the existence of two complementary environments, the brejo (swamp) "civilized" and the raso (shallow) "raw" (wild). This opposition is not only restricted to the environmental character, but also follows the criteria of social and symbolic relevance. In this sense, the study also aimed to investigate the expressions involving "to live of the agriculture" - associated with living in the brejo - and "to live of the forest" - referring to the way of life typical of the raso. Thus, I performed a review of studies on ethnobiology and ethnoecology about the Pankararé, followed by field research, based on participant observation, in order to deepen both the understanding of the use of the resources of the raso as to describe the knowledge and techniques management involved in agricultural work and therefore how these two worlds are intertwined in the integrated management of the indigenous territory.
Salvador

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Rydholm, Jonas, i Gösta Westling. "Den levande förskolan : Användning av intra-aktiv analys i pedagogisk praktik". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-119373.

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The study shows how to create a deeper understanding of the educational practice by using intra-active theory and analysis. We have let the five-year-olds at two preschools mark places on the premises which they perceive as rowdy/conflicted. These sites have since been observed and analysed with a focus on how environmental factors make up the situation and the thoughts that are possible to think there. The study has shown that the intra-active analysis method is an effective tool to make visible how educators, children and material combine to create environments with different charge. We have also been able to show how intra-active analysis gives a value to unregulated environments of preschool; how the theory offers an argument for disorder many times can be a prerequisite for children themselves to get space to define what creation can be.

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Adrian, Stine. "Nye skabelsesberetninger om æg, sæd og embryoner : Et etnografisk studie af skabelser på sædbanker og fertilitetsklinikker". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7543.

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Avhandlingen handlar om användandet av assisterad befruktning i Danmark och Sverige. Teknologierna är intressanta eftersom de skapar möjligheter för barn att födas som annars inte skulle ha blivit till. De utmanar också normerande föreställningar om sexualitet, etnicitet, normalitet, ålder, kön och släktskap. Genom att undersöka vad som sker i mötet mellan normer, patienter, personal, teknologi och könsceller på fertilitetskliniker och spermabanker, skapar avhandlingen insikt i de skapelse- och förändringsprocesser som äger rum. Analysen visar hur beslutsfattare, personal och patienter förhåller sig till teknologierna. Den genomgående princip som används för att sätta etiska gränser utgörs av försök att imitera naturen. Denna princip omförhandlas och förändras dock ständigt. Omförhandlingar kan äga rum i möten med teknologin eller genom kroppars sätt att reagera på. De äger också rum då naturaliseringsprincipen skapar absurda situationer, t.ex. sådana i vilka patienter och deras kommande barn stigmatiseras och marginaliseras. Med utgångspunkt i den empiriska analysen bidrar avhandlingen dessutom till en teoretisk förståelse av hur materialiseringsprocesser (skapelseprocesser) äger rum i mötet mellan diskurser och materiell agens. Avhandlingen är skriven med utgångspunkt i feministiska och teknovetenskapliga studier och kan läsas som ett bidrag till feministisk ny materialtetsteori och metod.
This thesis investigates the use of assisted reproduction in Denmark and Sweden. Assisted reproduction is fascinating, because it enables the creation of children who would not have been born otherwise. At the same time, it challenges existing norms concerning sexuality, ethnicity, normality, age, gender and kinship. The processes of creation and change that take place at fertility clinics and sperm banks are analyzed by exploring the encounters between norms, patients, employees, technology and gametes. The analysis shows how legislators, patients and employees relate to and manage the use of these technologies. It illustrates that the predominant principle used for setting ethical limits is the mimicking of nature. However, this principle is constantly negotiated and changed. One reason is that negotiations take place in an encounter with the agency of the technology, gametes and body. Another reason for the change of the naturalization principle is that absurd situations, such as stigmatization and marginalization of patients and their technologically conceived children, take place. The empirical analysis also contributes to a theoretical understanding of how materialization processes (creation processes) take place in the encounters between discourse and material agency. The thesis is written with a point of departure in feminist science studies, and can be read as a contribution to feminist new materialist theory and method.

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Farahani, Fataneh. "Diasporic Narratives of Sexuality : Identity Formation among Iranian- Swedish Women". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis : Almqvist & Wiksell International [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6769.

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Westberg, Bernemyr Emelie. "Ljud som samarbetspartners : En intra-aktiv studie om yngre barns ljudutforskande i förskolan". Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-124075.

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The purpose of this study is to examine children's intra-active relations with sounds in an explorative work at a preschool (1-to 2-year old children) analyzed through the lens of agential realism (Barad 2007, 2008), and to examine its didactical effects. This study has a transdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary design based on preschool didactics and the natural sciences, mainly physics andbiology. Research data consist of pedagogical documen-tation in the form of a short video sequence generated in a preschool sound project. An agential realistic approach in this study means an analysis of how sound is produced intra-actively in children's play and exploration in a pre-school. Barad’s agential realism also defines specific ethical stances for both the researcher’s involvement in the production of knowledge and the ethical implications of what that new knowledge and reality reveals(Barad 2007, 2008). The results of this study demonstrate the possibility to work with young preschool children around sound and how sound can be understood as a significant partner in children's play and exploration. This work ́s transdis-ciplinary goal, which is to work across the boundaries of preschool practice and scientific theory, contributes new knowledge about how sound vibration, frequency, loudness, hearingand acoustics intra-acts with children ́sbodies, feelings and thoughtsand the educational environmentsand discourses that children face in preschool. This study's specific impact on practice is that preschool staff can gain a greater understanding on the significance and im-pact of furnishings, architecture and organization according to time and place on how children express themselves and explore sound as a material-discursive phenomenon.

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Cavalcanti, Bianor Scelza. "The "Equalizer" Administration: Managerial Strategies in the Public Sector". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26644.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to understand the managerial â actionâ of public administrators in the management of their organizations within the brazilian context. It seeks to understand the relationships between managers and formal management mechanisms by exploring the complementary nature of the effective managerial action in the face of structural deficiencies and flaws, considering the possibility of overcoming the structuralism-subjectivism dichotomy present in the construction of the Theory of Organizations. Initially, the study provides a review of the literature on organizational design. It highlights the â goodness of fitâ proposition on strategic choice issues concerning the main organizational variables design and organizational goal attainment. It also calls special attention to the emerging interest of designing theorists on interpretivist aproachs to the matter, such that of Karl Weick. A review of the the administrative reforms in Brazil is made from the perspective of the main stream organizational design conceptual framework. It highlights the complex dynamics of a constant search for differenciation and flexibilization subject to patherns of advances and reversals, due to the centrality, streng and pervasiveness of the bureaucratic model. It is concluded that in no single given moment, a public manager and his team, may count on a formal organizational design wich attends the â congruencyâ criteria, devised by organizational design conceptual frameworks, to explain organizational results in different environmental sets. Although this conclusion may explain failure at the public sector, it can not provide understanding on the many instances of significative success attained by government operations in spite of inadequate formal administrative structures. This point calls for a better understanding from the interpretivist aproach, on how public administrators, strongly associated with good organizational results, engage into transformative action, in order to superate administrative structures flaws and disfuncional cultural patherns of conduct, structurally present and constantly reproduced, in vigorous develloping countries, such as Brazil. The dissertation transcribes the testimony of four outstanding public administrators, doing a deep incursion in the managerial real world of public administration, as subjectivelly defined by them and transformed by their engagement into action.Through the thematic version of the Oral History methodology, full segments of the complete enterviews are cathegorized into the thirty two managerial strategies captured wich are presented on a recathegorized manner under eight main strategies: (1) Interchanging Frames of Reference; (2) Exploring the Formal Limits; (3) Playing the Bureaucracy Game; (4) Inducing the Inclusion of Others (5)Promoting Internal Cohesion; (6) Creating Shields against Transgressions; (7) Overcoming Internal Restrictions; (8) Letting the Structures Blossom. Each one of these eight blocks of strategies presented, deserves further reflexive interpretation by the author, on the light of the interpretivist aproach to organizational design. A final effort is made, now on theory building, for improuving understanding on the matter. In order to find a significant meaning underlining all the strategies extracted from the â practical constiounessâ of the enterviweers as revealed in their report, the author resort to a methafor. This methafor helps to: (1) better describe and understand a not adequately treated phenomenon, namely, good results under inadequate structural social and organizational conditions; (2) reveal the logic and the meaning underlining all the strategies adopted to generate results under these unfaithfull conditions; (3) name, accordingly to the nature of the managerial transformative social action envolved, an open ended class of managerial interventions of a pragmatic sort driven by an ethics of results much common to good managers, that is, the concept of â managerial equalizationâ ; and (4) give back to public administrators, represented by the enterviwees, to be incorporated in their â discursive counciousnessâ , something the most effective and experienced public managers already have as tacit knowledge built in their â practical counsciousnessâ , and so, help the education and development of new talents.
Ph. D.

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Obajdin, Dunja. "The United Nations’ discursive construction of time: a comparative analysis of the United Nations Charter, the Millennium Declaration and the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18954.

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The work analyzes the construction of temporality within the UN’s discourses in relation to two questions: what the construction of temporality can tell us about the UN’s view of its own agency and to what extent changes in temporal constructs can be related to wider socio-political shifts. Theoretically, it relies on social constructivist, post-structuralist, and critical discourse analysis (CDA) approaches to explore the intersections of agency, discourse, and time, specifically focusing on the political struggle to define temporality. To this end, it starts from the discourse-historical approach and its interest in the mutually-shaping dynamics between discursive structures and agents. It then conducts a critical analysis of the UN Charter, the Millennium Declaration, and the 2030 Agenda. The documents went through two rounds of coding which isolated individual words and explored grammatical structures. The data was reduced through a modified model of decontextualizing discursive strategies. By moving between different levels of analysis, and using secondary sources to reconstruct the historical context from which the documents emerged, the work finds a trend of increasingly concrete temporal settings and increasingly abstract subjects. It argues that this can be related to the growing importance of capitalist realist discourses which have both undercut the agency of individual actors and imbued abstract principles, which the UN embodies, with power. It also finds that the construction of time both within and between the documents is rife with contradictions, and relates this ambiguity to the constant push and pull between conflicting interests which mark discourse as a field and politics as a mode of activity.

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Makamani, Rewai. "Linguistic and discursive strategies in media representations of HIV and AIDS healthcare policy in Zimbabwe : a critical analysis of selected printed discourse in Shona and English". Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13228.

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This study sought to examine linguistic and discursive strategies used to construct messages reflective of the implementation of the HIV and AIDS policy for Zimbabwe of 1999 by government and private newspapers. Such analysis was perceived to be important since media content has a bearing on Zimbabweans‘ perception and attitudes regarding HIV and AIDS prevention, treatment and control. The study was aimed at comparing messages from newspapers with views by the people of Zimbabwe regarding the implementation of the policy. Findings reveal that empowerment programmes particularly those targeting women and children are lagging behind as Zimbabweans, literature and newspaper data sources testify. In addition, information sources concur that cultural (For example, stigmatisation, polygamy, religious practices, spouse inheritance) and structural (For example, patriarchy, masculinity, bureaucracy, politics) are stumbling blocks that negatively affect the implementation of the policy. Further, even though private and government newspapers do not fully agree on the portrayal of human agents, there is a general consensus between newspaper reports and Zimbabweans that people still face socio-economic and econo-political challenges that militate against the smooth implementation of the HIV and AIDS policy. Government newspapers tend to downplay aspects which reveal inadequacies of government activities. The study notes this as betrayal of use of ideological squares both by government and private newspapers whereby certain aspects regarding the implementation of the policy are either downplayed or highlighted to influence perception. The study reveals that newspaper reports used nominalisation, quantification, positive politeness, thematisation, rhematisation, intertextuality, euphemism, proverbs, idioms, action verbs, metaphors and citation of experts as linguistic and discursive strategies both for agenda setting and building purposes regarding the implementation of the HIV and AIDS policy. Other devices used particularly in the encoding of Operation Murambatsvina are, claptraps, deictic referencing, personal pronouns, adjectives and direct speech. The study attributes problems regarding the Zimbabwean HIV and AIDS intervention model to the top – down approach inherent in the policy. Hence, the call for an adoption of an unhu/hunhu/ubuntu inspired bottom – up HIV and AIDS intervention model in Zimbabwe. This would inculcate pro-family, pro-village, pro-nation/people and ―servant leadership‖ (Mangena and Chitando, 2011) values in the fight against the pandemic through the embracing of Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS). Unfortunately, such values largely continue to elude the radar of the current top – down HIV and AIDS intervention model cuurently in use in Zimbabwe.
African Languages
D. Litt et Phil. (African Languages)

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Doctor, Jeff. "Peak oil: diverging discursive pipelines". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4163.

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Peak oil is the claimed moment in time when global oil production reaches its maximum rate and henceforth forever declines. It is highly controversial as to whether or not peak oil represents cause for serious concern. My thesis explores how this controversy unfolds but brackets the ontological status of the reality indexed by the peak-oil concept. I do not choose a side in the debate; I look at the debate itself. I examine the energy outlook documents of ExxonMobil, Shell, BP, Chevron, Total and the International Energy Agency (IEA) as well as academic articles and documentaries. Through an in-depth analysis of peak-oil controversy via tenets of actor-network theory (ANT), I show that what is at stake are competing framings of reality itself, which must be understood when engaging with the contentious idea of peak oil.
Graduate

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Convery, Alison. "Feminist theory and discursive intersections: activating the code of 'political correctness'". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/917151.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
This thesis is impelled by the unsettling suspicion that academic feminism has adopted modes of theorising which undermine its political raison d’être. Specifically it argues that certain discursive conventions observed in popular attacks on feminism have, somewhat surprisingly, been imported unchanged into feminist theory. From the late 1980s, attempts were made to silence minority claims of discrimination and subordination via the discourse of ‘political correctness’. In particular, this discourse belittled such claims as the exaggerated and irrational expression of largely self-inflicted ‘victimhood’, an argument which depended for its force on denigrating the figure of the ‘victim’ as a morally, and not just practically, diminished status. I suggest that the same logic occurs in a more or less sublimated form in feminist theory – the self-identified victim is positioned as having crossed a threshold of reasonableness, the standard for which is set by non-victim others. With a few notable exceptions most feminist scholars have failed to address, let alone notice, this resonance. However, this thesis goes beyond documenting a surface correspondence between these two ostensibly incompatible discursive domains. Its significant claim is that a discursive strategy designed specifically to undermine the basis for feminist claims has become integral to the meaning-making practices of academic feminism. The issue is not simply one of a disturbing coincidence with a discourse from which feminist theory nevertheless remains largely autonomous. On the contrary, the claim here is that readers of feminist theory cannot make sense of certain modes of argument without reference to anti-feminist systems of meaning erected elsewhere. In that sense, the discourse of ‘political correctness’ has infected the very core of feminist theorising. An additional contribution of the thesis is that, in the process of establishing precisely how this discursive imbrication is accomplished, it utilises a theory of reading practice which is applicable to the study of discourse more broadly. This approach addresses questions about the mechanisms by which prominent discursive tropes come to act upon and be transmitted by otherwise disparate subjects, a point which has remained largely unresolved by discourse scholars. The argument is that the discourse of ‘political correctness’ facilitates the accurate recognition by readers of the denigrated ‘victim’ in feminist theory, normalising it and making it comprehensible in the absence of other explanation within the individual texts themselves. Successfully accomplishing these acts of recognition is furthermore a criterion of membership of the feminist discourse community, demonstrating competence at deploying its knowledge standards and a willingness to collude in the exclusions those standards entail. Corresponding to the way the devaluation of victimhood has been discursively normalised in feminist theory, it is argued that the concept of ‘agency’ has achieved an ontological primacy in feminist thinking which is far from innocent. Analyses of agency and resistance operate as moral correctives to an alleged historical preoccupation with victimisation, rather than as disinterested scholastic endeavours aimed at expanding our knowledge of women’s behaviour under conditions of oppression. The binary opposition of victimhood and agency therefore oversees a normative structuring of feminist approaches and modes of argument, a structure supported at its origins by the meanings encoded in a hostile discourse. In an attempt to disrupt that normativity, the thesis concludes by sketching the possibilities for a less coercive feminist rhetorical practice which does not embed exclusionary assumptions about victimhood. Such a practice would not have as its primary intention the resumption of supposedly more neutral modes of referring to victimhood, although that is certainly proposed as a conduit to greater inclusivity. Rather, that ostensible neutrality is itself a politically invested discursive usage which is aimed specifically at initiating only those interpretive processes that must refuse the discourse of ‘political correctness’ as a meaning enabler. This thesis therefore provides a method of discursively re-politicising feminist theory in a way which is neither simply reactive nor resigned to its inevitable imbrication with other discourses.

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34

Zhan, Yiwen. "The Power in Assertion: Discursive Agency, Norms, and the Unity of Thought". 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31789.

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Yiwen Zhan defends a new account of the pragmatics of assertion, according to which assertions are agents’ performative speech acts of commitment to truth. He explains how such a pragmatic approach can be fitted into Fregean context and account for the force–content relation, non-assertoric contents, context-sensitivity, constitutive norms, belief and the dynamics in discourse, and other related problems.

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35

Vives-Cases, Carmen. "La violencia contra las mujeres en el espacio discursivo público". Doctoral thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/4134.

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Facey, Marcia Elaine. "Contingent work, health, and citizenship: The discursive management of stigmatising employment among temporary help agency workers". 2007. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=742528&T=F.

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Hagen, Sean Noel. "Academic discourse socialisation : a discursive analysis of student identity". Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20000.

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This study set out to investigate how students construct their identities. Throughout their socialisation into academia, students are confronted with the paradox of learning as they negotiate the opposing discourses of enslavement and mastery that construct higher education. Utilising a critical discursive psychology approach this research aimed to examine the implications this paradox holds for the development of students’ identities. In-depth interviews with five master’s degree students allowed for an examination of the linguistic resources available for students to draw on in constructing their accounts of student-hood. Analysis of the interpretive repertoires and ideological dilemmas in the text revealed the uptake of contradictory subject positions in participants’ navigation of academic discourse. In order to address the inconsistencies associated with these conflicting ways of being a student, participants ‘worked’ a face in their interactions with academic discourse. Their face-work served to address the paradox by integrating the contradictory positions evident in their accounts. It is in the agency displayed in the integration of these disparate positions that the emancipating student is revealed.
Psychology
M.A. (Research Consultation)

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Garrick, John. "The dialectic of informal learning : a study of the discursive effects on the workplace learning of trainers situated within post-industrial corporate agendas". 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2100/977.

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University of Technology, Sydney.
The study critically examines definitions of "informal learning", focussing on the term's application in workplace training contexts. Drawing on Foucault, Heidegger and Habermas, it is argued that we cannot understand ourselves (and thus our informal learning) without challenging the assumptions of modernity and coming to terms with what Lyotard has termed "the postmodern condition". Industry trainers are at the forefront of implementing "designer" corporate cultures which, in the rhetoric of "work-based learning", make enterprises more innovative and competitive. This study challenges that rhetoric, showing that the implicit philosophy of contemporary workplace learning and training is framed by an economistic "human capital theory". The "stories" of industry trainers from several multinational corporations challenge assumptions about what is learnt through competency-based training and about corporate uses of informal learning. It is argued that being at work entails far more than simply performing the tasks one is required to do, which, in turn, effects the links between informal learning and formal education. The final chapters are directed towards expanding and realigning interpretations of "informal learning" away from the narrow and instrumental purposes for which the term has been appropriated. Equity, respect for the dignity of others, and a philosophy of ethics have a place in "workplace learning". Informal learning is shaped by our deepest ethical and moral responses. It does not follow that measurable tasks, what one can be observed doing at work, represent one's learning.

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Estabrook, Aaron O. "Managing power : an investigation of discursively negotiated power relationships in non-hierarchical work environments". 2011. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1640176.

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Mbatha, Khonzanani. "Sex workers as free agents and as victims : elucidating the life worlds of female sex workers and the discursive patterns that shape public understanding of their work". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26840.

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In South Africa and many other countries worldwide, sex work is criminalised. This invariably seems to lead to back-door prostitution - an unregulated industry where sex workers are vulnerable to being exploited by pimps, brothel owners and law enforcement officers. In discussions about sex work and sex workers, two dominant views are evident: a) Sex workers freely choose to sell sex as a good way of earning an income; or b) sex workers are victims of their circumstances who are driven into the industry through direct coercion or as a result of dire poverty. Together, these views lead to an ideological trap in terms of which sex workers have to be perceived either as having agency and free will or as being helpless victims in need of rescue. My aim in this thesis was to problematise, deconstruct and reconstruct the discursive field within which sex work is embedded, in order to move beyond agency-victimhood and similar binaries, and in the hope of developing new ways of talking about prostitution that acknowledge the complexity of the sex industry rather than shoehorning it into preconceived categories. Social constructionism (epistemology), critical social theory (ontology) and discourse analysis (methodology) were interwoven in order to provide a broad, critical understanding of prostitution. Two data sources were used to gain access to and unpack the life worlds of sex workers: Semi-structured interviews with five sex workers in Johannesburg and the “Project 107” report on adult prostitution in South Africa. Foucauldian discourse analysis was used to make sense of the data, including an analysis of how concepts such as governmentality, power, confession, surveillance and technologies of the self can be applied to contemporary texts about prostitution. The “Project 107” report recommended that prostitution should not be decriminalised, and that sex work should in fact not be classified as work; instead, it proposed a ‘diversion programme’ to help sex workers exit the industry. I show how, in doing this, the report appears to hijack feminist discourses about sex workers as victims in order to further a conservative moral agenda. The sex workers I spoke to, on the other hand, demonstrated an ability to take on board, and to challenge, a variety of different discourses in order to talk about themselves as simultaneously agentic and constrained in what they can do by unjust social structures. I show how, from a Foucauldian perspective, sex workers can be seen not as pinned down at the bottom of a pyramid of power, but immersed in a network of power and knowledge, enabled and constrained by ‘technologies of the self’ to assist in policing themselves through self-discipline and self-surveillance to become suitably docile bodies within the greater public order.
Psychology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

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Humphrey, Tabitha. "Writing as an Act of (Dis)Obedience: Discursive Agency in El Libro que se contiene la vida de la Madre María Magdalena; monja professa del convento del Sr. S. Geronimo de la ciudad de Mexico hija de Domingo de Lorravaquio y de Ysabel Munos su legitima muger". 2014. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/mcl_theses/17.

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This thesis offers a close reading and an analysis of the Vida of Madre María Magdalena Lorravaquio. It is the purpose of this thesis to examine how Lorravaquio expresses agency, authority and power throughout her Vida by means of the rhetoric of imitatio Christi and descriptions of her visions and illnesses. For the aim of this work, agency is interpreted as free-will and consciousness in terms of action; as a result, the author and the work itself, both of which demonstrate agency, exude power and authority. This type of analysis will explore if the Vida genre can be read as quasi-feminist texts.

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