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Milea, Andrei-Silviu. "Experimental investigation of innovative Low NOx / low soot injection systems for spinning combustiοn technology using advanced laser diagnostics". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMIR43.
Pełny tekst źródłaAnthropogenic effects on the environment present a major challenge for the aeronautical industry. Increasingly stringent pollution regulations and the necessity for sustainable air transport are driving the nowadays research toward innovative propulsion systems. In this context, Safran Helicopter Engines is advancing its patented Spinning Combustion Technology (SCT), aimed at improving helicopter engine performance. Already implemented in the Arrano engine, SCT is now being refined to significantly reduce NOx and soot emissions. As part of the European LOOPS program, two novel fuel injection systems are under investigation: one operating in a rich combustion regime tailored for an RQL combustion chamber and the other designed for lean combustion. The scientific activity of this thesis focuses on the experimental characterization of these injection systems using state-of-the-art laser diagnostics optimized for high-pressure reactive environments. The HERON combustion facility at CORIA enables the analysis of combustion and pollutant performance under conditions representative of helicopter engines, with pressures from 8 to 14 bar, air inlet temperatures from 570 to 750 K, and equivalence ratios ranging from 0.6 to 1.67. Initial flame stability maps are established, followed by in-depth analyses of liquid spray properties using Phase Doppler Particle Anemometry (PDPA). High-speed Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) captures aerodynamic fields under reactive and non-reactive conditions at 10 kHz. Flame structures are examined via OH-PLIF fluorescence imaging, while kerosene-PLIF evaluates liquid and vapor fuel distributions, particularly probing aromatic components in Jet A-1 kerosene. Furthermore, NO-PLIF imaging, combined with OH-PLIF and kerosene-PLIF, enables spatial correlations between flame structure, fuel distribution, and NO production zones. Soot formation and oxidation mechanisms are explored through Planar Laser-Induced Incandescence Imaging (PLII), integrated with OH-PLIF and kerosene-PLIF. Specific methods are developed to obtain 2D distributions of quantitative concentrations of NO, OH and soot volume fraction. Results reveal that the rich-burn injector produces an asymmetrical flame with enhanced upper-zone combustion efficiency due to locally intensified liquid fuel injection. Moderate soot levels are observed despite high equivalence ratios, while localized NO production, primarily near the flame, is attributed to the Zeldovich thermal mechanism. Conversely, the lean-burn injector forms a flame structure characteristic of stratified swirl flames, despite the minor asymmetry. Improved fuel evaporation leads to higher combustion efficiency, shorter flame lengths, and a reduction in NO formation, attributed to lower flame temperatures. In spite of the lean combustion conditions, moderate soot levels are measured for the second injector. Operating conditions strongly influence performance. Higher pressures accelerate spray atomization, increase spray expansion angles, and strengthen internal recirculation zones, reshaping flame structures. The increase in soot production at higher pressure is particularly demonstrated by the rich-burn injector due to constant equivalence ratios across all test conditions, while NO levels remain stable. For the lean-burn injector, leaner operation at elevated pressures moderates pressure effects, maintaining consistent soot levels and reducing NO concentrations. These findings highlight the potential of both injection systems for optimizing performance and reducing emissions in future helicopter engines
El, Osta Wassim. "SURVEILLABILITÉ STRUCTURELLE ET PLATITUDE POUR LE DIAGNOSTIC DES MODÈLES BOND GRAPH COUPLÉS". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00081616.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa génération systématique de modèles linéarisés des procédés complexes est considérée, le BG global d'une installation est directement obtenu à partir du Plan d'Instrumentation Détaillé (PID). Ces modèles sont valides car les processus thermofluides réels sont en général régulés autour d'un point de fonctionnement.
Les paramètres (coefficients hydrauliques, coefficients d'échange thermique...) n'étant pas toujours connus, la détermination directe des propriétés structurelles (commandabilité, observabilité, surveillabilité) des BGs sans
calcul préalable est utile pour la FDI (Fault Detection and Isolation).
Dans un premier temps, les modèles linéarisés sont exploités pour l'étude de la surveillance. Avant n'importe quelle implémentation industrielle (ou ajout de capteurs), la surveillabilité des composants, des actionneurs et des capteurs est considérée sans générer les Relations de Redondance Analytiques (RRA).
Dans un second temps, le modèle bond graph non linéaire est utilisé pour la conception des systèmes de
surveillance. En génie des procédés, il est possible d'identifier la catégorie des composants (actionneurs
hydrauliques, capteurs thermiques, etc..) à laquelle appartient l'élément défaillant. La surveillabilité de défauts simultanés d'actionneurs est considérée par une approche de platitude directe et générique.
Pèlegrin, André. "Immunodétection de tumeur chez la souris : essai d'agents de contraste en imagerie par résonance magnétique couplés à des vecteurs immunologiques". Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON13507.
Pełny tekst źródłaKadetov, Victor A. "Diagnostics and modeling of an inductively coupled radio frequency discharge in hydrogen". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972011854.
Pełny tekst źródłaWhitby, James Andrew. "Diagnostic measurements on a low-pressure inductively coupled Hg-Kr discharge". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387792.
Pełny tekst źródłaLoboguerrero, Andrés. "Superposition d'images médicales multimodales : Approche méthodologique et application aux coupes scanographiques et scintigraphiques". Paris 13, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA132008.
Pełny tekst źródłaYang, Suidong. "Diagnostics and modelling of an inductively coupled RF low-pressure low-temperature plasma". Thesis, n.p, 1998. http://oro.open.ac.uk/19841/.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoucher, Arnaud. "Recalage et analyse d’un couple d’images : application aux mammographies". Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05S001/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the scientific world, signal analysis and especially image analysis is a very active area, due to the variety of existing applications, with issues such as file compression, video surveillance or medical image analysis. This last area is particularly active. The number of existing devices and the number of pictures taken, cause the production of a large amount of information to be processed by practitioners. They can now be assisted by computers.In this thesis, the problem addressed is the development of a computer diagnostic aided system based on conjoint analysis, and therefore on the comparison of medical images. This approach allows to look for evolutions or aberrant tissues in a given set, rather than attempting to characterize, with a strong a priori, the type of fabric sought.This problem allows to apprehend an aspect of the analysis of medical file performed by experts which is the study of a case through the comparison of evolutions.This task is not easy to automate. The human eye performs quasi-automatically treatments that we need to replicate.Before comparing some region on the two images, we need to determine where this area is located on both pictures. Any automated comparison of signals requires a registration phase, an alignment of components present on the pictures, so that they occupy the same space on the two images. Although the characteristics of the processed images allow the development of a smart registration, the projection of a 3D reality onto a 2D image causes differences due to the orientation of the tissues observed, and will not allow to analyze a pair of shots with a simple difference between images. Different structuring of the pictures and different deformation fields are developed here to efficiently address the registration problem.After having minimized the differences on the pictures, the analysis of tissues evolution is not performed at pixels level, but the tissues themselves, as will an expert. To process the images in this logic, they will be reinterpreted, not as pixels of different brightness, but as patterns representative of the entire image, enabling a new decomposition of the pictures. The advantage of such a representation is that it allows to highlight another aspect of the signal, and analyze under a new perspective the information necessary to the diagnosis aid.This thesis has been carried out in the LIPADE laboratory of University Paris Descartes (SIP team, specialized in image analysis) and in collaboration with the Society Fenics (designer of diagnosis aid stations in the analysis of mammograms) under a Cifre convention. The convergence of the research fields of those teams led to the development of this document
Gomez, S. "Laser induced fluorescence measurements in inductivity coupled of processing plasmas". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368755.
Pełny tekst źródłaGurfinkel, Mikhail. "Cancer diagnostics using dynamic near-infrared optical imaging and fluorescent contrast agents". Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3162.
Pełny tekst źródłaEl, Osta Wassim Sueur Christophe Ould Bouamama Belkacem. "Surveillabilité structurelle et platitude pour le diagnostic des modèles Bond Graph couplés". Villeneuve d'Ascq : Université des sciences et technologies de Lille, 2007. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace/handle/1908/983.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitre provenant de la page de titre du document numérisé. Bibliogr. 10 p.
Chupin, Sylvain. "Comportement local et performances électriques d'une pile à combustible à membrane : vers un outil de diagnostic". Thesis, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL098N/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe present work contributes to the understanding of water management and thermal management of a PEM fuel cell influences on the electrical performances. A bidimensional model representing mass and heat transfer in the cell thickness and along distribution channels is done. A specific part of the study concerns a microscopic representation of reactive agglomerates. This part presents the impact of the liquid water presence on local and global current densities. In te vein of integrating this model in a total fuel cell control system, simplifications have been done and coupled mass, heat and charge transfers are solved analytically. For any operating condition, the model gives a complete view of the hydric, thermal and electric inner situation of the cell. This diagnosis of the inner state of the cell leads to find the operating conditions giving to the optimal electric performances. Water, current and temperature distributions are presenting for different gas feeding strategies and different thermal management configurations. A specific part is dedicated to illustrate how this local diagnosis of the cell state can be used to estimate its global electric performances
Costa, i. Bricha Elm. "Computer simulation of a capacitively coupled GEC cell". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368881.
Pełny tekst źródłaWAGUET, JEROME. "Place de l'imagerie en coupes dans le diagnostic du neurinome du facial". Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1M068.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoucher, Arnaud. "Recalage et analyse d’un couple d’images : application aux mammographies". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05S001.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the scientific world, signal analysis and especially image analysis is a very active area, due to the variety of existing applications, with issues such as file compression, video surveillance or medical image analysis. This last area is particularly active. The number of existing devices and the number of pictures taken, cause the production of a large amount of information to be processed by practitioners. They can now be assisted by computers.In this thesis, the problem addressed is the development of a computer diagnostic aided system based on conjoint analysis, and therefore on the comparison of medical images. This approach allows to look for evolutions or aberrant tissues in a given set, rather than attempting to characterize, with a strong a priori, the type of fabric sought.This problem allows to apprehend an aspect of the analysis of medical file performed by experts which is the study of a case through the comparison of evolutions.This task is not easy to automate. The human eye performs quasi-automatically treatments that we need to replicate.Before comparing some region on the two images, we need to determine where this area is located on both pictures. Any automated comparison of signals requires a registration phase, an alignment of components present on the pictures, so that they occupy the same space on the two images. Although the characteristics of the processed images allow the development of a smart registration, the projection of a 3D reality onto a 2D image causes differences due to the orientation of the tissues observed, and will not allow to analyze a pair of shots with a simple difference between images. Different structuring of the pictures and different deformation fields are developed here to efficiently address the registration problem.After having minimized the differences on the pictures, the analysis of tissues evolution is not performed at pixels level, but the tissues themselves, as will an expert. To process the images in this logic, they will be reinterpreted, not as pixels of different brightness, but as patterns representative of the entire image, enabling a new decomposition of the pictures. The advantage of such a representation is that it allows to highlight another aspect of the signal, and analyze under a new perspective the information necessary to the diagnosis aid.This thesis has been carried out in the LIPADE laboratory of University Paris Descartes (SIP team, specialized in image analysis) and in collaboration with the Society Fenics (designer of diagnosis aid stations in the analysis of mammograms) under a Cifre convention. The convergence of the research fields of those teams led to the development of this document
Noorsaman, Andy. "Contribution à l'étude et au développement d'un système de diagnostic de dysfontionnement d'un procédé de distillation". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0273.
Pełny tekst źródłaPeyrache, Eva. "Développements analytiques en chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse pour le diagnostic des infections bactériennes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10279.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe bacteria involved in sepsis develop a wide range of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Every hour lost in identifying these mechanisms severely reduces the patient's survival rate. The development of rapid, effective and robust analytical methods is essential for diagnosis, so that the appropriate treatment can be offered to each patient as soon as possible. This thesis focuses on the application of bottom-up proteomics to the analysis of biomolecules associated with antibiotic resistance. The first main research axis was the development of targeted analytical methods using low-resolution mass spectrometry in Multiple Reaction Monitoring acquisition mode for the identification of markers specific to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. These enzymes are increasingly found in sepsis and induce a high degree of antibiotic resistance. The study focused on “TEM” and “SHV”, two beta-lactamases that can display a varying degree of resistance depending on the mutations involved in their protein chain. The method's ability to discriminate the ESBL variants of TEM and SHV was validated by analysing 530 blood cultures from Enterobacterales strains. The second area of research was to investigate the relevance of high-resolution mass spectrometry for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections. The suitability of the Sequential Window Acquisition of all THeoretical fragment ion spectra mode for routine use was investigated by the development of an automated software tool for processing the complex data generated by this non-targeted acquisition method. This method was then used to identify the mechanisms involved in the antibiotic resistance observed in 40 Enterobacterales strains and was compared with targeted approaches
Velibor, Karanović. "Razvoj modela uticaja čvrstih čestica na rad kontaktnih parova klip cilindar hidrauličkih komponenti". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=94109&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis doctoral dissertation analyzes the influence of microscale solid particleson the the critical operational performances of the most common type oftribo-couples in power hydraulic components. According to the conceptualmodel, experimental installation was made. For different solid particlesconcentration levels and predefined number of working cycles, experimentalinstallation was used to examine intensity of wear, pressure drop andvolumetric efficiency – fluid loss trough the clearance. On the basis ofexperimental data set was carried out analysis and modeling of functions thatdescribe the behavior of the observed parameters.
Brunchault, Valérie. "Identification of biomarkers using-omics approach for the early detection of chronic kidney disease and its complications". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30133/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaEarly diagnosis of diseases is a big challenge to improve patients' health and quality of life. 'Omics' analyses, which allow the global and simultaneous quantification of the relative abundance of thousands of molecules in biological fluids are promising for the identification of early biomarkers of complex diseases. In this context, the objective of my thesis was to develop diagnostic tools, based on urinary peptidome and metabolome analyses, for the early detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated cardiovascular complications. The first study, as part of the 4C European project (Cardiovascular Complications in Children with Chronic kidney disease), focused on analyzing the cardiovascular complications associated to CKD in children. These complications are the main cause of mortality in children with CKD and their early diagnosis is impossible for now. Analysis of the urinary peptidome of 86 children with or without cardiovascular complications associated to CKD by capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS), led to the identification of two sets of peptides for the early prediction of high cardiovascular risk in pediatric patients: 190 peptides were associated to an increase of the carotid intima-media thickness (AUC 0.87, sensitivity 80%, specificity 100%) and 22 peptides were associated to an increase in arterial stiffness (AUC 0.83, sensitivity 83%, specificity 70%). The second study falls in the field of veterinary medicine. In this study, carried out on 50 dogs with or without CKD, we analyzed for the first time the canine urinary peptidome using the CE-MS technology. We identified 133 urinary peptides associated to CKD allowing an accurate diagnosis of CKD in 80% of the dogs. Metabolites correlate best to phenotype compared to other molecular traits. However, the use of metabolomics for identification of clinically relevant biomarkers is very limited due to the lack of high-performance analytical technologies. The third part of my thesis was to develop a procedure for the quantification of urinary metabolites by CE-MS. Using a unique method of internal normalization based on endogenous and stable metabolites, we can now analyze the metabolite content of the same urine sample with a high reproducibility over the long-term (4 years). As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated that this developed procedure led to the identification of a set of 32 urinary metabolites that allow the early identification of newborns with an obstructive kidney anomaly with a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 86%. Finally, the fourth study was dedicated to improving translational research. The aim was to develop aptasensors able to detect 'omics'-identified biomarkers with a high affinity and specificity to obtain a simple, rapid and low-cost diagnostic test. The biomarker chosen as target is a urinary fragment of alpha-1-antitrypsin, which is ~1000 more abundant in adults with CKD compared to healthy subjects. Aptasensors were selected by the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX). Here we present preliminary work on the development of the SELEX for our target. In conclusion, this thesis shows the strength of the urinary content, in terms of peptides and metabolites, for the early diagnosis of complex pathologies like CKD and the associated cardiovascular complications. Moreover, the selection of aptasensors targeting these early biomarkers and that can be used at bedside, will revolutionize future diagnostic methods
Chan, George C. Y. "Fundamental mechanisms and diagnostic tools for interference effects in inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3274247.
Pełny tekst źródłaSource: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: 4435. Adviser: Gary M. Hieftje. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Apr. 15, 2008).
Sitbon, Serge. "Analyse du couple optimal modélisation paramétrique - classification automatique : application à l'aide au diagnostic en électromyographie". Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT101H.
Pełny tekst źródłaDarkawi, Abdallah. "Etude et mise en oeuvre de convertisseurs multicellulaires couplés à transformateurs intercellules pour application au diagnostic de câbles haute tension à courant continu". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20143/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe purpose of this study is the design of a new application for parallel multi-cell converters. The aim is to setup a portable system that can inject a high current (several Amps current) within 2 s in the conducting core of a HVDC cable, and determinate the distribution of electrical space charge through the insulation using the Thermal Step Method (TSM). The proposed structure will be constituted of paralleled coupled multiphase buck converters using InterCell Transformers (ICT). A dimensioning theoretical approach of planar intercell transformer based on the magnetic core saturation condition is presented. The proposed method is based on calculating a generalized expression on the magnetic flux density matrix for any number of cells. Permutation method is used in order to reduce the magnetic core volume. Its principle is to reduce the flux concentration in the magnetic core by modifying the phase-shift of two successive cells.Finally, the experimental prototype (12-cells 30 kW power converter) using cyclic planar ICT is designed and tested. The converter is used to generate regulated current pulses of 1200 Amps (its operating mode is similar to a current source). Experimental results (thermal step current measurements) are includes in order to confirm the ability of using the proposed solution for power cable dielectric characterization
Boucher, Arnaud. "Recalage et analyse d'un couple d'images : application aux mammographies". Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00798271.
Pełny tekst źródłaGreb, Arthur. "Dynamics of the plasma-surface interface in capacitively coupled radio-frequency oxygen plasmas : coupling numerical simulations with optical diagnostics". Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4980/.
Pełny tekst źródłaHappillon, Teddy. "Aide au diagnostic de cancers cutanés et de la leucémie lymphoïde chronique par microspectroscopies vibrationnelles couplées à des analyses numériques multivariées". Thesis, Reims, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REIMP204/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaVibrational spectroscopy is a technology able to record a large amount of molecular information from studied samples. Coupled with chemometrics and classification methods, vibrational spectroscopy is an efficient tool to identify sample structures and substructures. When applied to the biomedical field, this tool shows a high potential for disease diagnosis. It is in this context that the works presented in this thesis have been realized. In a first study, dealing with algorithmic development, an automatic and unsupervised classification algorithm (based on the Fuzzy C-Means) and developed by our laboratory in order to help for skin cancer diagnosis using IR spectroscopy, was improved in order to i) reduce the computational time needed to realize clustering, ii) increase results quality obtained on infrared data, iii) and extend its application fields to simulated and real datasets, commonly used in the literature. This tool has been tested on 16 infrared spectral images of skin cancers (BCC, SCC, Bowen's disease and melanoma), and 49 real and simulated datasets. The obtained results showed the ability of this new algorithm to estimate realistic data partitions regardless the considered dataset. The second study of this work aimed at developing an independent chemometric tool to assist for chronic lymphocytic leukemia diagnosis by Raman spectroscopy. In this second work, different numerical preprocessing steps and a supervised classification algorithm, Support Vector Machines, have been applied on data recorded on blood cells coming from 27 healthy persons and 49 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The classification results showed a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100% in the disease diagnosis
Chakrabarty, Chitra L. "Figures of merit for a direct injection nebulizer for flow injection analysis and liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma spectrometric detection". Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/722785.
Pełny tekst źródłaDepartment of Chemistry
BOUHET, CUCHE ANNE. "Interet de l'echographie couplee au doppler pulse avec codage couleur dans le diagnostic des thromboses portales recentes chez l'adulte". Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA3063.
Pełny tekst źródłaPasquier-Guilbert, Nathalie. "Mesures couplées de richesse et de vitesse pour la combustion instationnaire en écoulement stratifié". Phd thesis, Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES056.
Pełny tekst źródłaSimultaneous knowledge of local volocity and equivalence ratio is very important in numerous combustion applications and especially for direct injection engines where the flame propagates through a heterogeneous concentration distribution of fuel-air mixture. This study reproduce heterogeneities of equivalence ration with propane and air in a constant volume combustion vessel. The local influence of velocity and equivalence ratio on the propagation of a spark-ignited flame is studied. To create a stratification, a rich axysimetric pulsed jet is injected in a leaner chamber and the mixing is ignited. Two optical diagnostics are used simultaneously, PIV for velocity and FARLIF for equivalence ration, with or without combustion. All properties and range of applications of PIV and FARLIF have been verified. These methods were then used to study the characteristics of stratified combustion
Pasquier-Guilbert, Nathalie. "Mesures couplées de richesse et de vitesse pour la combustion instationnaire en écoulement stratifié". Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008850.
Pełny tekst źródłaFreire, Fonseca da Luz Rita Alexandra. "Un début différent : étude de l’adaptation psychologique du couple à la parentalité et au diagnostic prénatal d’une pathologie fœtale, de la grossesse à la première année de vie de l’enfant". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0347/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaTransition to parenthood is an important period for personal and familial development. To become a parent is a long term project that implies the reconstruction of psychological and social roles by both parents.Different elements may influence the way parents assimilate this reality and adjust to the psychosocial context of parenthood. Hence, it is important to understand the process by which individual and dyadic factors contribute to the couples’ psychological adjustment to transition to parenthood and to evaluate the conditions that may be risk factors altering this developmental transition.The antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly is a very specific situation in the context of parenthood that received little attention. The stress associated to this demanding, even traumatic, situation increases the risk of emotional and relational problems and may jeopardise the development and functioning of the family system.In order to study the process of psychological adaptation of couples to parenthood, specifically after the antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly, we first evaluated the “normal” psychological evolution during pregnancy and postnatal period. Afterwards, using the same research protocol, we studied the process of psychological adaptation of couples who received the diagnosis of a fetal anomaly from pregnancy to one year after childbirth.This work may allow better understanding of the risk and protection factors for the psychological adjustment of parents during the transition to parenthood and after the antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly. From a clinical and preventive perspective, this study may allow to increase knowledge on the elements perinatal healthcare professionals must take into account during the transition to parenthood and after the antenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly in order to promote psychological adjustment of the couple system
Prignon, Aurelie. "Analogues peptidiques marqués au gallium-68 pour l’imagerie TEP des récepteurs membranaires couplés aux protéines G". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS552/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn recent years, the targeting of G protein-coupled membrane receptors (GPCRs) with radiolabeled ligands has become very important in nuclear imaging, particularly with the progressive replacement of somatostatin analogues labelled with 111In for SPECT by others labelled with 68Ga for PET imaging, which improves diagnostic efficacy. High-affinity bombesin receptors (GRPR) or neurotensin receptors (NTR1) are also GPCRs overexpressed in many cancers as compared with normal tissue. GRPR is overexpressed in 83% of estrogen-dependent ductal carcinomas. In the first part of this work, we demonstrated that 68Ga-AMBA, an agonist ligand of GRPR, allowed the PET detection of a mouse model of estrogen-dependent breast cancer and could be more sensitive than 18F-FDG to predict and monitor tumour response to hormone therapy.Dr. Gruaz-Guyon's team has developed new neurotensin radioanalogues for targeting NTR1-positive tumours. They studied the properties of these 111In-labeled peptides in a model of colon adenocarcinoma overexpressing NTR1. Obtaining high-contrast images allowing the detection of cancer within a short time after injection, this team subsequently developed this peptide radiotracer for PET imaging. In the second part of this work, we carried out the 68Ga radiolabeling of the best-performing of these derivatives and evaluated its potential for PET imaging of colon adenocarcinoma in a tumor model. Overexpression of NTR1 has been demonstrated in several human cancers such as PDAC (75-88%). We characterized the expression of NTR1 using specimens of human pancreatic cancer and then demonstrated the potential of this PET radiotracer to image two mouse models of human PDAC. We characterized its biodistribution, assessed its specificity in vivo in comparison with 18F-FDG, in particular its ability to discriminate in vivo pancreatitis from pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Marcoux, Lyson. "L'influence des stratégies de coping spécifiques au cancer sur la satisfaction conjugale des couples dont la femme a reçu un diagnostic de cancer du sein /". Thèse, Trois-Rivières, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2228260R.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarcoux, Lyson. "L'influence des stratégies de coping spécifiques au cancer sur la satisfaction conjugale des couples dont la femme a reçu un diagnostic de cancer du sein". Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/2791/1/000680548.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaYounsi, Mohamed Omar. "Analyse, diagnostic et optimisation énergétiques d'un parc de machines électriques sur site industriel". Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0211/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the industry, electrical motors are responsible for 67% of electricity consumption. Replacing installed motors by more efficient ones requires the knowledge of their suitability with the loads that they drive. Analyzing the load variations without intrusive measurements or installations consignments is a strong constraint.That is why this thesis has a threefold purpose. Firstly, a “noninvasive” diagnostic device has been developed with four methods for evaluating the load of grid-connected induction motors. Two of these methods, based on the measurement of the current and the magnetic stray flux, have been significantly improved up to TRL7. The two other methods exploit only the measurement of the stray flux. Their applicability is checked for balanced and unbalanced supply voltage systems with permanent or random variations. A more exploratory study shows that the noninvasive estimation of the current for inverter-fed induction machines is possible using the radiated external flux. Secondly, the energy diagnosis device and search algorithms adapted to an operating cycle motorization have been applied to practical examples of energy optimization in an electro-intensive industrial plant, an aluminum smelter. Thirdly, a reflection on the management of a motor fleet is proposed, in particular, on the performance analysis between new motors and rewounded ones
Raes, Florian. "Imagerie photoacoustique couplée à l’échographie haute résolution et à la fluorescence infrarouge en oncologie préclinique translationnelle". Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2082/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaPreclinical imaging has become an unavoidable step for pathophysiological parameters assessments, for the follow up of tumor growth and for the anticancer therapies development. Technological improvements have emerged in recent years, allowing the emergence of new imaging modalities with a high potential for translation into clinical practice. This manuscript presents several approaches by ultrasound imaging, photoacoustics and near infrared fluorescence in order to monitor the cancer pathology. Initially, we focused on the characterization of hypoxia and its longitudinal assessment in various preclinical models of human cancers. Various multimodal imaging strategies were implemented to assess the efficacy of a new therapeutic prodrug allowing the release of an active molecule in the tumor microenvironment on human models of pancreatic, breast and lung tumors. Finally, in a context of translational research, we explored the potential of photoacoustic and near infrared fluorescence imaging to highlight the lymph node invasion by cancer cells implementing minimally invaded sentinel lymph node models. In this work, we have shown the interest in monitoring the tumor hypoxia in onco-pharmacology and highlighted the high potential of photoacoustic imaging for oncology translational approaches. The main limitation is the relatively shallow depth of regions that we can explore, but this point is currently subject to many technological developments. Feasibility studies performed and validation of proof of concept protocols will enable routine exploitation of these new imaging modalities
Guichard, Florestan. "Mesures 1D mono-coups multi-espèces de température et de concentration par ajustement de spectres de diffusion Raman spontanée : application dans les flammes aérobies et les oxyflammes turbulentes". Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR114/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaRecent progress in experimental devices and simulation of high-temperature Raman spectra enable the implementation of a spectral fitting method to solve single-shot Spontaneous Raman Scattering spectra collected in turbulent flames. In this study, this post-processing method, associated to a specific experimental set-up, has been developed to extend measurements to several cases of non-Raman friendly flames where matrix inversion or hybrid methods are usually limited. In a two-phase flame, N2 Raman thermometry has been used to overcome issues from Mie scattering of droplets. The implementation of a CH4 Raman thermometry and a minimization procedure of C2 emission in the data post-processing allowed the achievement of multi-scalar cartographies (temperature and all major species) throughout the recirculation zone of a slightly sooting turbulent flame stabilized on a bluff-body burner. A thermometry based on the minimization of CO2 Raman spectrum has also been developed and tested during a measurement campaign in a semi-industrial scale installation designed for the study of oxyfuel gas turbine cycle in the aim of carbon capture and sequestration
Houdouin, Gilles. "CONTRIBUTION A LA MODELISATION DE LA MACHINE ASYNCHRONE EN PRESENCE DE DEFAUTS ROTORIQUES". Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00830866.
Pełny tekst źródłaMahyob, Amin. "Modélisation des machines électriques tournantes défectueuses par la méthode des réseaux de perméances : application à la machine asynchrone". Le Havre, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LEHA0017.
Pełny tekst źródłaFault diagnosis in electrical machines needs a modelling approach reliable and as close to the reality as possible. It is shown that by proper modelling of the electrical machines it is possible to detect the effect of the different faults on the different machine quantities. This work proposes a robust modular model based on Permeance Network Method (PNM) for the diagnosis of induction machine stator and rotor faults. The proposed model allows taking into account the local magnetic saturation of the magnetic circuit due to heavy fault currents, especially in the case of inter-turn short circuit fault, and remains moderately time consuming. In this model, the magnetic circuit of the machine was represented by a set of permeances (reluctances); their values vary as functions of the magnetic state of the machine. Firstly, the system of algebraic equations describing the developed permeance network is written. Then, this magnetic model is coupled to the electrical and mechanical differential equations describing the induction machine operation in presence of different faults to achieve a final system of algebro-differential equations of first order with variable coefficients whose numerical solution is provided by the iterative Newton-Raphson method. The comparison between the experimental results and simulation results obtained by the proposed model in the presence of inter-turn short circuit fault shows the relevance of the chosen method to identify the signature of this fault in the measurable quantities
Messiat, Frédéric. "Valeur de l'echocardiographie doppler a emission continue non couplee a l'imagerie dans le diagnostic et l'evaluation des stenoses valvulaires aortiques de l'adulte : a propos de 24 observations". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR1M028.
Pełny tekst źródłaChipeaux, Caroline. "Recherche et validation de biomarqueurs lipidiques du globule rouge par chromatographie en phase liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse. Application au diagnostic et au suivi thérapeutique de la maladie de Gaucher". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS419.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn humans, hereditary disorders of lipid metabolism are due to enzyme deficiencies, resulting in intracellular accumulation of lipid substrates. This results in a wide range of symptoms such as visceral, bone and in some cases neurological disorders. Furthermore, many patients suffering such diseases have hematologic and vascular symptoms attributed to red blood cell (RBC) rheological abnormalities. These observations led to a hypothesis linking RBC abnormal properties to its lipid composition. However, the lipid profile of normal RBC remains unknown to date. Early diagnosis of these conditions is of importance notably when a therapy is available. This is the case for Gaucher disease (GD) type 1, a lysosomal disorder characterized by β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency, where an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is proposed. Hence, the availability of a simple and rapid tool of diagnosis of such a disorder is of great importance, notably for a better patient care and monitoring.To the best of our knowledge, standard diagnosis procedures and monitoring of GD patients are still based on the tedious evaluation of enzyme deficiency. Nevertheless, recent works suggest that these rheological disorders may be due to the accumulation of four sphingolipids, glucosylceramide, glucosylsphingosine, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, which could be considered as relevant biomarkers. However, most of current determination methods of these sphingolipids require at least two liquid chromatographic runs, each with a time-consuming sample preparation step that does not facilitate a lipidomic approach. In addition, only glucosylceramide was quantified in RBC while the other three sphingolipids were quantified only in plasma. Thus, these biomarker candidates remain to be validated.In this PhD, we describe a simple and rapid UHPLC-MS/MS method of simultaneous determination of the 4 sphingolipids involved in GD in both plasma and RBC. The application of this method to RBC from GD patients, in collaboration with the Institut National de Transfusion Sanguine and Shire (USA), allowed us: 1- to validate one biomarker among the four proposed candidates and to show that the other three candidates are not specific; 2- to check the efficiency of the proposed ERT and 3- to confirm the initial hypothesis linking the RBC rheological abnormalities to its lipid composition.Also, a systematic study of the operating conditions allowed us to generalize the proposed method to the determination of not only all the sphingolipids present in RBC but also all phospholipids, which are the major constituents of its membrane. The application of the later method to the simultaneous quantification of thirty sphingolipids and phospholipids in normal and GD RBCs, allowed us to validate it and to unravel the involvement of other candidate biomarkers of GD, different from the 4 previous sphingolipids. Providing appropriate modifications, this method is intended to be used for the profiling of all lipid classes in plasma and RBC. This is our main objective in the medium-term.Finally, we evaluated other modern MS techniques such as high resolution (HRMS) and ion mobility (TWIMS and DIMS) in order to refine the investigation of new biomarker candidates, including the separation of lipid isomers that cannot be discriminated by conventional MS techniques. Indeed, in collaboration with the Laboratoire de Chimie Physique (LCP, CNRS UMR 8000), we here show the feasibility of this approach by achieving the separation of two isomers, by the DIMS technique: galactosylsphingosine 18:1 and glucosylsphingosine 18:1, which cannot be separated by conventional methods. We are currently pursuing these investigations in order to separate other isomers
GILLARD, GIGANDET SYLVIE. "Le diagnostic echographique des thromboses veineuses des membres inferieurs : comparaison entre l'echographie couplee au doppler pulse et au doppler couleur et la phlebographie : etude prospective d'une serie de 40 cas". Besançon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BESA3077.
Pełny tekst źródłaFournier, Etienne. "Protocole de diagnostic des entraînements asynchrones par références : application à la détection des déséquilibres mécaniques et des défauts de courroies". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/15546/1/E_Fournier.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBenzine, Meryem. "Contrôle tolérant aux défauts de circuit-ouvert et de court-circuit pour un hacheur élévateur à phases parallèles et à inductances couplées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCA021.
Pełny tekst źródłaFuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are seen as potential solutions and represent one of the most recent advances in the field of transport to reduce CO2 emissions. As the fuel cell is the main power source, a boost converter is required to increase its low voltage and adapt it to the DC bus voltage. The four-phase interleaved DC/DC boost converter with inverse cyclic cascade coupled inductors (4IBC-IC) has been confirmed as the most suitable architecture for fuel cell electric vehicles. Not only does it improve efficiency and reduce the converter’s size, but it also helps to extend the fuel cell's lifespan by reducing input current ripple. Since semiconductors are very fragile components, they can fail and degrade fuel cell system performance. Even if the converter architecture is fault-tolerant, it requires a fault-tolerant controller to ensure optimal operation in the event of disturbances or faults. In this context, a signal-based fault-tolerant control is proposed in this thesis to diagnose both short-circuit fault (SCF) and open-circuit-fault (OCF). Once the fault is detected, it is isolated by the control unit and the converter architecture is then reconfigured according to the fault location to ensure optimal operation. PI correctors are implemented to ensure the regulation of the output voltage and phase currents. Due to the unavailability of coupled inductors, this approach has been validated experimentally on a classical four-phase interleaved boost converter (4IBC) test bench using the MicroLabBox DS1202 with its processor and internal FPGA board to implement the fault-tolerant control.Simulation, on Matlab/Simulink and virtual hardware simulation (VHIL), and experimental results validate the robustness of the proposed fault-tolerant control. It is easy to implement and can quickly identify faults without the need for additional sensors. It operates efficiently without requiring high sampling rates, addressing one of the key limitations of signal-based methods. Given its simplicity of implementation, the proposed method can be easily integrated into existing controls and can even be extended to other multilevel converter topologies.To improve the robustness of the control unit, a novel fault-tolerant robust control approach has been proposed by replacing the traditional PI controllers with flatness-based and sliding mode controllers while incorporating an observer. The observer plays a key role in accurately estimating the input voltage and load current, ultimately ensuring high robustness against disturbances. A judicious optimization of the number of sensors is thus achieved, minimizing the cost and the probability of measurement errors. Simulation results in the Matlab/Simulink environment confirm the effectiveness of this approach. This significant contribution strengthens the reliability and robustness of DC/DC converters with coupled inductors and consolidates the position of the FCEVs as a promising sustainable mobility solution
Poittevin, Monique. "Mise au point d'une nouvelle méthode de dosage des acides aminés dans les liquides biologiques par chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse en tandem : application en routine au diagnostic et au suivi des patients atteints d'aminoacidopathies". Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10215.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrajin, Baptiste. "Analyse et traitement de grandeurs électriques pour la détection et le diagnostic de défauts mécaniques dans les entraînements asynchrones. Application à la surveillance des roulements à billes". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00554240.
Pełny tekst źródłaLevacher, Corentin. "Le déséquilibre ARΝ messager/ARΝ circulaire : nοuveau biοmarqueur en génétique sοmatique et nοuveau facteur de prédispοsitiοn en génétique cοnstitutiοnnelle?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMR045.
Pełny tekst źródłaCircular RNAs (circRNAs), produced by backsplicing, are an emerging new class of RNAs implicated in various diseases, including cancer. Through their multiple functions, circRNAs can modulate the levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), finely regulated linear transcripts. Given that a physiologically balance exists between these two types of transcripts, we hypothesize that a disruption in the levels of this circRNA-mRNA couple plays a role in tumorigenesis. To test this hypothesis, we developed SEALigHTS (Splice and Expression Analyses by exon Ligation and High Throughput Sequencing), an innovative technique for the simultaneous analysis of circRNAs and mRNAs. SEALigHTS is based on the design of probes at exon ends, enabling exploration of all exon-exon junctions. Briefly, after reverse transcription and hybridization of probes to complementary DNA, neighboring probes are ligated, and the number of ligations quantified using unique molecular identifiers and sequencing. As a first step, we analyzed tumor and adjacent normal breast tissue samples. Analysis of the splicing and backsplicing of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, involved in Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome (HBOC), revealed a significant decrease in the circRNA/mRNA ratio in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue (p = 1.6e-09 for BRCA1 and p = 4.4e-05 for BRCA2). In a second step, we studied the splicing and backsplicing of 23 colorectal cancer (CRC) predisposition genes in blood samples from 712 CRC-predisposed patients and 249 controls. The circRNA/mRNA ratio was found to be 1.93 times higher in patients than in controls (p < 2e-16). In a third step, we assessed the diagnostic potential of SEALigHTS by studying 44 CRC and HBOC genes. After validating the detection of splicing events for characterized variations, the analysis of prospective patients with SEALigHTS improved the diagnostic yield. This study has enriched our knowledge of the levels of the various linear and circular isoforms of the predisposition genes studied. Beyond their potential as biomarkers in breast cancer or CRC, the disruption of the circRNA/mRNA ratio raises questions about the involvement of circRNAs in somatic and constitutional genetics
Le, Guen Mireille. "Genre, conditions de vie et conjugalité autour de deux ruptures biographiques : migration et diagnostic d’infection au VIH chez les immigré·e·s d’Afrique subsaharienne vivant en Île-de-France". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS491/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaInternational migration and HIV diagnosis are two biographical turning points that can affect the conjugal trajectory of individuals. By adopting a materialist approach and by conceptualizing conjugal life as "economical and sexual exchanges", we propose to study the effect of living conditions on conjugal changes around these two events. This research is based on data from the ANRS-Parcours biographical survey conducted in 2012-2013 among sub-Saharan immigrants aged 18 to 59 living in the Paris area. Our results show that conjugal trajectories were more affected by migration than by HIV diagnosis. In addition, the conjugal changes following these two events are impacted differently according to the individuals’ living conditions. While men with stable administrative, occupational and residential situations are likely to get a partner, women who have acquired a resident card or French nationality are in a better position to delay entering a relationship after HIV diagnosis. While migration seems to increase women’s need to be in a relationship in order to share a partner’s material stability, they are less likely to be in a relationship after HIV diagnosis, most probably because the stigma associated with HIV infection impacts them more than men
Blödt, Martin. "Condition Monitoring of Mechanical Faults in Variable Speed Induction Motor Drives - Application of Stator Current Time-FrequencyAnalysis and Parameter Estimation". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00105482.
Pełny tekst źródłaWeibel, Thomas. "Modèles de minimisation d'énergies discrètes pour la cartographie cystoscopique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0070.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this thesis is to facilitate bladder cancer diagnosis. The reference clinical examination is cystoscopy, where an endoscope, inserted into the bladder, allows to visually explore the organ's internal walls on a monitor. The main restriction is the small field of view (FOV) of the instrument, which complicates lesion diagnosis, follow-up and treatment traceability.In this thesis, we propose robust and accurate algorithms to create two- and three-dimensional large FOV maps from cystoscopic video-sequences. Based on recent advances in the field of discrete energy minimization, we propose transformation-invariant cost functions, which allow to robustly register image pairs, related by large viewpoint changes, with sub-pixel accuracy. The transformations linking such image pairs, which current state-of-the-art bladder image registration techniques are unable to robustly estimate, are required to construct maps with several overlapping image trajectories. We detect such overlapping trajectories automatically and perform non-linear global map correction. Finally, the proposed energy minimization based map compositing algorithm compensates small texture misalignments and attenuates strong exposure differences. The obtained textured maps are composed by a maximum of information/quality available from the redundant data of the video-sequence. We evaluate the proposed methods both quantitatively and qualitatively on realistic phantom and clinical data sets. The results demonstrate the robustness of the algorithms, and the obtained maps outperform state-of-the-art approaches in registration accuracy and global map coherence
Weibel, Thomas. "Modèles de minimisation d'énergies discrètes pour la cartographie cystoscopique". Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00866824.
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