Artykuły w czasopismach: „Diagnostic use”

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Castro, M. Regina. "Multinodular Goiter—Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations". US Endocrinology 04, nr 02 (2008): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2008.04.2.107.

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Groeneweg, Stefan, Robin P. Peeters, Theo J. Visser i W. Edward Visser. "Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in the Allan—Herndon—Dudley Syndrome". US Endocrinology 12, nr 02 (2016): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2016.12.02.90.

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Thyroid hormone (TH) is important for normal brain development. The TH transporter protein monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) is crucial to maintain adequate TH levels in the brain during development and throughout life. Mutations in MCT8 result in the Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome (AHDS), which is characterized by a severe delay in neurocognitive development, combined with abnormal serum thyroid function tests (TFTs). The combination of an increased (F)T3 and decreased (F)T4 and rT3 serum levels are characteristic for the presence of AHDS in male patients with moderate to severe delay in neurocognitive development. Here, we provide an overview of current insights, challenges and pitfalls in the diagnosis and management of patients with AHDS.

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Harris, RD. "Diagnostic specificity: proper use". American Journal of Roentgenology 153, nr 3 (wrzesień 1989): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.153.3.653.

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Camacho, Pauline M. "2016 American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis". US Endocrinology 12, nr 02 (2016): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2016.12.02.74.

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The 2016 American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology Guidelines for postmenopausal osteoporosis provides comprehensive guidance on the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. A new diagnostic criterion which expands the diagnosis to patients with osteopenia and a high Fracture Risk Assessment Tool score has been added to the old diagnostic criteria. Recommendations on duration of bisphosphonate therapy are clearly outlined and are based on fracture risk stratification. The accompanying algorithm, which goes through all the steps from diagnosis to treatment and follow up is a handy guide for clinicians.

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Ahmad, S. Rehan. "Artificial Intelligence: Use in Clinical and Genomic Diagnostics". Emerging Trends in Nutraceuticals 1, nr 2 (28.08.2022): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2583-4606.111.

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The development of computer systems that are capable of carrying out tasks that typically require human intelligence is known as artificial intelligence (AI). Recent and quickly rising interest in medical AI applications is a result of AI software and technology improvements, especially deep learning algorithms and the graphics processing units (GPUs) that enable their training. While other AI subtypes have started to show similar promise in different diagnostic modalities, AI-based computer vision methods are poised to change image-based diagnostics in clinical diagnostics. Large and complicated genomic datasets are processed using a particular form of AI algorithm known as deep learning in various fields, such as clinical genomics. In this review, we first provide an overview of the primary categories of issues that AI systems are best adapted to address, followed by a description of the clinical diagnostic tasks that are aided by these solutions. Then, we concentrate on recently developed techniques for certain clinical genomics applications, such as variant calling, genome annotation and variant categorization, and phenotype-to-genotype correlation. We conclude by talking about the future potential of AI in individualized medicine applications, particularly for risk prediction in common complex diseases, as well as the issues, constraints, and biases that must be carefully addressed for the successful deployment of AI in medical applications, particularly those using data from genomics and human genetics.

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Jay, Marcelle. "The use of diagnostic registers". Ophthalmic Paediatrics and Genetics 12, nr 2 (styczeń 1991): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13816819109023676.

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Racoveanu, N. T., i V. Volodin (INVITED). "Rational Use of Diagnostic Radiology". Radiation Protection Dosimetry 43, nr 1-4 (1.10.1992): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a081324.

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Meloen, R. H., J. P. M. Langedijk i J. P. M. Langeveld. "Synthetic peptides for diagnostic use". Veterinary Quarterly 19, nr 3 (wrzesień 1997): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01652176.1997.9694755.

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Racoveanu, N. T., i V. Volodin. "Rational Use of Diagnostic Radiology". Radiation Protection Dosimetry 43, nr 1-4 (1.10.1992): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/43.1-4.15.

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McClure, Elizabeth A. "CLINICAL USE OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTS". Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 7, nr 4 (październik 1987): 437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1313.1987.tb00775.x.

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Bartol, Tom. "Thoughtful use of diagnostic testing". Nurse Practitioner 40, nr 8 (sierpień 2015): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.npr.0000470366.64804.35.

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SOX, HAROLD C. "Diagnostic Decision: Probability Theory in the Use of Diagnostic Tests". Annals of Internal Medicine 104, nr 1 (1.01.1986): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-60.

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Salgado Flores, L., A. Hernández Solís, A. Escobar Gutiérrez, L. Criales Cortés José, I. Cortés Ortiz, H. González González, E. Luis Martínez i R. Cicero Sabido. "Peritoneal tuberculosis: A persistent diagnostic dilemma, use complete diagnostic methods". Revista Médica Del Hospital General De México 78, nr 2 (kwiecień 2015): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hgmx.2015.03.009.

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Bjustrom-Kraft, Jordan, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Russ Daly, Rodger Main, Jerry Torrison, Mary Thurn i Jeffrey Zimmerman. "The use of oral fluid diagnostics in swine medicine". Journal of Swine Health and Production 26, nr 5 (1.09.2018): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1091.

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Swine veterinarians in North America have applied oral fluid-based testing methodologies for an increasing number of systemic, respiratory, and enteric disease diagnostic applications. Since the first report of oral fluid testing in 2008, nucleic acid and antibody assays have been described in the peer-reviewed literature for many pathogens affecting swine. As evidence of the US swine industry’s growing utility of oral fluids as a diagnostic tool, the cumulative number of swine oral fluid diagnostic tests conducted at three veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the upper Midwest (Iowa State University, South Dakota State University, and University of Minnesota) has increased from approximately 21,000 tests in 2010 to nearly 370,000 tests in 2016. The objective of this review is to describe the developments in oral fluid diagnostics that have led to its widespread use and to highlight areas of concern as this technology is increasingly implemented by producers and veterinarians.

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Chajewski, Olga S., i James H. Nichols. "The Importance of Testing for Pre-diabetes—Using the Right Tool". US Endocrinology 05, nr 01 (2009): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2009.05.1.22.

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Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases affecting the US healthcare system today, and increasing emphasis is being placed on disease prevention and screening. Early detection of pre-diabetes can be of great benefit to patients as studies have shown that signs of early diabetic complications often exist at the time of diagnosis. Early intervention has been shown to delay, and in some cases prevent, the progression from pre-diabetes to diabetes. Venous blood sampling and core laboratory analysis remain the gold standard for diagnosis. While point-of-care testing (POCT) devices are convenient and readily available, many variables affect the technical performance of POCT devices to allow their use as a reliable diagnostic method. Future diagnostic techniques may include glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) testing or genotyping and antibody screening. Currently, the HbA1c assay is used in the monitoring of diabetes, but its potential for diagnosis of diabetes is currently being examined. Genotyping and antibody screening for type 1 diabetes are showing promise as they add to the understanding of type 2 diabetes. However, this research is still in the early stages and is not yet available for clinical use.

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Schroeder, Lee F., Jeannette Guarner i Timothy K. Amukele. "Essential Diagnostics for the Use of World Health Organization Essential Medicines". Clinical Chemistry 64, nr 8 (1.08.2018): 1148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2017.275339.

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Abstract BACKGROUND There are numerous barriers to achieving high-quality laboratory diagnostic testing in resource-limited countries. These include inconsistent supply chains, variable quality of diagnostic devices, lack of human and financial resources, the ever-growing list of available tests, and a historical reliance on syndromic treatment algorithms. A list of essential diagnostics based on an accepted standard like the WHO Essential Medicines List (EML) could coordinate stakeholders in the strengthening of laboratory capacity globally. METHODS To aid in the creation of an essential diagnostics list (EDL), we identified laboratory test indications from expert databases for the safe and effective use of WHO EML medicines. In all, 446 EML medicines were included in the study. We identified 279 conditions targeted by these medicines, spanning communicable and noncommunicable diseases (e.g., HIV, diabetes mellitus). RESULTS We found 325 unique diagnostic tests, across 2717 indications, associated with the identified conditions or their associated medicines. The indications were divided into 10 categories: toxicity (865), diagnosis (591), monitoring (379), dosing/safety (325), complications (217), pathophysiology (154), differential diagnosis (97), comorbidities (53), drug-susceptibility testing (22), and companion diagnostic testing (14). We also created a sublist of 74 higher-priority tests to help define the core of the EDL. CONCLUSIONS An EDL such as we describe here could align the global health community to solve the problems impeding equitable access to high-quality diagnostic testing in support of the global health agenda.

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Wijesinghe, Achini, Sonali Gunatilake, Dina Shrestha, Yashdeep Gupta, Noel Somasundaram, Uditha Bulugahapitiya i Sanjay Kalra. "Gestational Diabetes Mellitus—Triage for Preventive Intervention". US Endocrinology 12, nr 02 (2016): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2016.12.02.99.

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a heterogeneous condition, as exemplified by our inability to agree upon screening and diagnostic criteria. Not all women with GDM carry the same long-term risk of diabetes. We therefore propose a triage system to identify women with GDM who are at higher risk of converting to diabetes mellitus, in a shorter time frame after pregnancy. Such women can be offered personalized risk assessment information.

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Shruthi, BasavaradhyaSahukar, Bina Kashyap, PadalaSridhar Reddy i Palani Vinodhkumar. "Use of microwave in diagnostic pathology". Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 9, nr 3 (2013): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1482.119301.

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Schwarz, Fabian. "Use problem formulation, not diagnostic formulation". Canadian Family Physician 68, nr 7 (lipiec 2022): 483.2–483. http://dx.doi.org/10.46747/cfp.6807483_1.

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Ziskin, M. C. "The prudent use of diagnostic ultrasound." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 6, nr 8 (sierpień 1987): 415–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7863/jum.1987.6.8.415.

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Pandit, Kaushik, Sujoy Ghosh, Pradip Mukhopadhyay i Subhankar Chowdhury. "Natriuretic peptides: Diagnostic and therapeutic use". Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 15, nr 8 (2011): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.86978.

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Jensen, Sharone. "Clinical Use of Pediatric Diagnostic Tests". Pediatric Emergency Care 19, nr 3 (czerwiec 2003): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-200306000-00021.

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Ghosh, Subrata, Maria Papachrysostomou, Murdina Welsh, Bridget Neil, Ian Penman, Margaret Mclntyre i Ian M. C. Maclntyre. "Diagnostic use of endoscopic mucosal resection". European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 9, nr 5 (maj 1997): 539–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042737-199705000-00023.

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Early, Paul J. "Use of Diagnostic Radionuclides in Medicine". Health Physics 69, nr 5 (listopad 1995): 649–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199511000-00003.

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Griffiths, T. D., i J. L. Welch. "Use a Diagnostic Neuropsychology Service Properly". Practical Neurology 3, nr 3 (czerwiec 2003): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1474-7766.2003.08148.x.

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Kleinman, George M., David Zagzag i Douglas C. Miller. "Diagnostic use of Immunohistochemistry in Neuropathology". Neurosurgery Clinics of North America 5, nr 1 (styczeń 1994): 97–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1042-3680(18)30545-x.

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Marconi, Guillermo, Luis Auge, Emilio Sojo, Edgardo Young i Ramiro Quintana. "Salpingoscopy: systematic use in diagnostic laparoscopy". Fertility and Sterility 57, nr 4 (kwiecień 1992): 742–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54952-8.

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CARONES, F. "Diagnostic use of ocular wavefront sensing". Ophthalmology Clinics of North America 17, nr 2 (czerwiec 2004): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ohc.2004.02.007.

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Van Wagoner, Nicholas J., i Edward W. Hook. "Herpes Diagnostic Tests and Their Use". Current Infectious Disease Reports 14, nr 2 (8.02.2012): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11908-012-0241-0.

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Dlugaiczyk, J. "Evidence-based diagnostic use of VEMPs". HNO 68, S2 (12.06.2020): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00106-019-00767-2.

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Batch, JA. "CLINICAL USE OF PEDIATRIC DIAGNOSTIC TESTS". Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 39, nr 8 (listopad 2003): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.2003.00231.x.

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Wells, P. N. T. "The prudent use of diagnostic ultrasound". Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 13, nr 7 (lipiec 1987): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-5629(87)90005-6.

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Fowkes, F. G. "Containing the use of diagnostic tests." BMJ 290, nr 6467 (16.02.1985): 488–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6467.488.

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Baron, D. N. "Containing the use of diagnostic tests". BMJ 290, nr 6471 (16.03.1985): 856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6471.856-b.

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Sir, Michal, Zdenek Bradac, Michal Kupcik i Ivo Vesely. "Use ontology in the diagnostic system". IFAC Proceedings Volumes 45, nr 7 (2012): 332–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20120523-3-cz-3015.00063.

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Davies, D. P. "Containing the use of diagnostic tests". BMJ 290, nr 6474 (6.04.1985): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6474.1077-a.

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Fawwaz, Rashid, Paul Bohdiewicz, David Lavallee, Theodore Wang, Soji Oluwole, Jeffrey Newhouse i Philip Alderson. "Use of metalloporphyrins in diagnostic imaging". International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part B. Nuclear Medicine and Biology 17, nr 1 (styczeń 1990): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-2897(90)90009-p.

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Leeb, Burkhard F., Ingrid Stenzel, Heinrich Czembirek i Josef S. Smolen. "Diagnostic use of office-based ultrasound". Arthritis & Rheumatism 38, nr 6 (czerwiec 1995): 859–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.1780380621.

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Littmann, Laszlo. "The diagnostic use of respiratory artifact". Journal of Electrocardiology 43, nr 3 (maj 2010): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2009.10.005.

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Coffey, KC, Daniel J. Morgan i Kimberly C. Claeys. "Diagnostic stewardship: what impacts antibiotics use?" Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 36, nr 4 (19.06.2023): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0000000000000927.

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Purpose of review The aim of this study was to review recently published diagnostic stewardship studies of common clinical infectious syndromes and the impact on antibiotic prescribing. Recent findings Diagnostic stewardship can be implemented within healthcare systems and tailored to infectious syndromes, including urinary tract, gastrointestinal, respiratory and bloodstream infections. In urinary syndromes, diagnostic stewardship can decrease unnecessary urine culturing and associated antibiotic prescribing. Diagnostic stewardship of Clostridium difficile testing can decrease antibiotics and test ordering with a reduction in healthcare-associated C. difficile infections. Respiratory syndrome multiplex arrays can decrease time to results and increase detection of clinically relevant pathogens but may not decrease antibiotics use, or worse, could increase over-prescribing if diagnostic stewardship of ordering practices is not exercised. Lastly, blood culturing practices can be improved by clinical decision support to safely decrease collection and broad-spectrum antibiotic use. Summary Diagnostic stewardship decreases unnecessary antibiotic use in a way that is different from and complementary to antibiotic stewardship. Further studies are needed to quantify the full impact on antibiotic use and resistance. Future considerations should be to institutionalize diagnostic stewardship in patient care activities to leverage integration into systems-based interventions.

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Gozali, Efva Octavina Donata, Ruth Samantha Hamzah i Meita Rahmawati. "Differences In The Use of Diagnostic Budget and The Use of Interactive Budget: Case Study of SMEs in Palembang City". MAKSIMUM 14, nr 1 (28.03.2024): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/mki.14.1.2024.48-58.

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This study aims for analyzing influence styles, use budget diagnostics and interactive proxies for performance companies all at once. For comparing styles, use budget diagnostics and interactive proxies for SMEs in Palembang City. The type of data used is the primary data result of a spreading interview containing a questionnaire and alternative answers given to the respondent, which is SME managers and workers in Palembang City. Population study: there are 155,467 SMEs in Palembang City. Taking samples uses snowball sampling methods and techniques, which yield a determinant sample that yields the total sample of as many as 100 SMEs. Research data analysis techniques This is using the Software Statistical Program for Social (SPSS) version 27 with descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. Research results this show that style use budget diagnostic and interactive no influential performance company, use budget in a manner diagnostic more lots used compared to with use budget in a manner interactive.

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Feodorova, V. A., S. S. Konnova, T. I. Polyanina, I. N. Druzhkin, E. A. Fedotov i V. L. Motin. "Use of Different Target for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis". Izvestiya of Saratov University. Chemistry. Biology. Ecology 11, nr 2 (2011): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1816-9775-2011-11-2-73-77.

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A comparative diagnostic value of plasmid and chromosomeencoded markers for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in clinical specimens from patients with Chlamydia infection of urogenital tract was conducted. The nucleotide sequences of the plasmid genes orf 3 and orf8 were used as targets in the PCR analysis. The MOMP, a product of the chromosomal gene omp1, was detected by specific monoclonal antibodies. It was shown that the diagnostic value of MOMP was significantly (in 4,91–6,98 times) higher in comparison with the plasmid targets. A significance of obtained data for the improvement of laboratory diagnostics of Chlamydia is discussed.

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Vaculová, Jitka, Radek Kroupa, Zdeněk Kala, Jiří Dolina, Tomáš Grolich, Jakub Vlažný, David Said i in. "The Use of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy in Diagnosing Barrett’s Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma". Diagnostics 12, nr 7 (2.07.2022): 1616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12071616.

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Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a diagnostic technique that enables real-time microscopic imaging during microscopic examination and evaluation of epithelial structures with 1000-fold magnification. CLE can be used in the diagnosis of various pathologies, in pneumology, and in urology, and it is very widely utilized in gastroenterology, most importantly in the diagnosis of Barrett’s esophagus (BE), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), biliary strictures, and cystic pancreatic lesions. A literature search was made in MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar databases while focusing on diagnostics using CLE of BE and EAC. We then examined randomized and observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses relating to the utilization of CLE in BE and EAC diagnostics. Here, we discuss whether CLE can be a suitable diagnostic method for surveillance of BE. Even though many studies have proven that CLE increases diagnostic accuracy in detecting neoplastic transformation of BE, CLE is still not used as a standard diagnostic tool in BE surveillance due to a deficiency of scientific evidence. More studies and data are needed if CLE is to find a place as a new technique in BE surveillance.

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Olarte, Oscar Rosero, i Mauricio Alvarez Andrade. "Underlying Mechanisms Between Diabetes Mellitus and Osteoporosis". US Endocrinology 14, nr 2 (2018): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2018.14.2.65.

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Several studies have linked diabetes mellitus with an increased risk of bone fractures. Patients with type 1 diabetes have lower bone mineral density and patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of fracture despite normal or high bone mineral density, measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Different mechanisms have been proposed in the pathophysiology of bone disease in diabetic patients. The mechanisms involved include microvasculature changes, advanced glycation end products accumulation, and altered osteoblast–osteoclast function with increased sclerostin, decreased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), decreased osteocalcin, and other molecular alterations, leading to a decrease in bone turnover and altered bone quality. Other factors, such as increased risk of falls related to diabetic neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy have also been proposed. Different diagnostic methods have been described for the study of bone disease in patients with diabetes, due to the lack of correlation between bone mineral density measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry and the fracture risk in this group of patients. These methods include the evaluation of bone turnover markers, the FRAX score, the trabecular bone score, and the evaluation of microarchitecture with high-resolution peripheral quantitative tomography. This editorial provides a short overview of the underlying mechanisms between diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis, and the diagnostic methods used to evaluate these patients.

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Todorovic, Tatjana, Ivan Dozic, Dusan Pavlica, Dejan Markovic, Mirjana Ivanovic, Gavrilo Brajovic, Gordana Stefanovic, Silvija Mirkovic i Biljana Andjelski. "Use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid in dentistry". Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 133, nr 7-8 (2005): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0508372t.

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Saliva is a secretion of the salivary and mucous glands and is of major importance in the maintainance of oral health. Over the last few decades, saliva has been evaluated as a diagnostic fluid in medicine for determining systemic disease markers as well as for monitoring numerous drugs, narcotics, and hormones. The biochemical analysis of saliva is particularly important in dentistry. The estimation of the risk of appearance and diagnosis of disease, monitoring of disease progression, evaluation of therapy efficacy for caries, periodontitis, premalignant and malignant oral lesions, as well as infectious diseases of the oral cavity, can be assessed by analyzing different constituent: of saliva, individuals at risk of caries can be identified using test: that determine saliva flow rate, saliva buffer capacity, and colonization of the oral cavity by cariogenic bacteria. Today, these rapid and simple diagnostic tests are used routinely in caries risk determination. The study and use of saliva-based diagnostics have increased over the last few decades. Clinical testing of saliva shows much promise. However, there is a need for much additional research in this area, before the true clinical value of saliva as a diagnostic fluid in dentistry can be determined.

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Ericson Lindquist, Kajsa, Inga Gudinaviciene, Nektaria Mylona, Rodrigo Urdar, Maria Lianou, Eva Darai-Ramqvist, Felix Haglund i in. "Real-World Diagnostic Accuracy and Use of Immunohistochemical Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnostics". Biomolecules 11, nr 11 (18.11.2021): 1721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11111721.

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Objectives: Accurate and reliable diagnostics are crucial as histopathological type influences selection of treatment in lung cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate real-world accuracy and use of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining in lung cancer diagnostics. Materials and Methods: The diagnosis and used IHC stains for small specimens with lung cancer on follow-up resection were retrospectively investigated for a 15-month period at two major sites in Sweden. Additionally, 10 pathologists individually suggested diagnostic IHC staining for 15 scanned bronchial and lung biopsies and cytological specimens. Results: In 16 (4.7%) of 338 lung cancer cases, a discordant diagnosis of potential clinical relevance was seen between a small specimen and the follow-up resection. In half of the cases, there was a different small specimen from the same investigational work-up with a concordant diagnosis. Diagnostic inaccuracy was often related to a squamous marker not included in the IHC panel (also seen for the scanned cases), the case being a neuroendocrine tumor, thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) expression in squamous cell carcinomas (with clone SPT24), or poor differentiation. IHC was used in about 95% of cases, with a higher number of stains in biopsies and in squamous cell carcinomas and especially neuroendocrine tumors. Pre-surgical transthoracic samples were more often diagnostic than bronchoscopic ones (72–85% vs. 9–53% for prevalent types). Conclusions: Although a high overall diagnostic accuracy of small specimens was seen, small changes in routine practice (such as consequent inclusion of p40 and TTF-1 clone 8G7G3/1 in the IHC panel for non-small cell cancer with unclear morphology) may lead to improvement, while reducing the number of IHC stains would be preferable from a time and cost perspective.

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Rosei, Enrico Agabiti, i Maurizio Castellano. "The Challenge of Managing Hypertension in Patients with Diabetes or Other Endocrine Disorders". US Endocrinology 07, nr 01 (2011): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2011.07.01.46.

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Arterial hypertension is a frequent condition in the general population, but its prevalence increases in association with several endocrine diseases. Up to three-quarters of patients with diabetes are also hypertensive, and this association poses specific problems in the management of both conditions. Hypertension is a relevant condition in several other endocrinopathies and in some cases it is the main reason prompting patients to seek medical advice. Some of these endocrine diseases are frequent (primary aldosteronism) or may produce major complications (pheochromocytoma), and in any case require specific diagnostic work-ups and treatment.

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Sheliemina, Nataliia. "The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Diagnostics: Opportunities, Prospects and Risks". Health Economics and Management Review 5, nr 2 (4.07.2024): 104–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.61093/hem.2024.2-07.

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Rapid advancements in AI (artificial intelligence) technologies, including machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision, have developed sophisticated tools capable of performing complex medical tasks. The AI integration in healthcare can revolutionise the industry by improving patient outcomes, optimising resource allocation, and reducing operational costs. However, the AI use in medicine carries certain risks related to ethics and data privacy, shortcomings in the quality of data for training algorithms, and importance of protecting against cyberthreats. There is also a threat of rising medical costs due to the need for a large number of tests and validations of new technologies. This study focuses on the AI application in the diagnostic field, as it is revolutionising the medical industry by offering new opportunities for accurate disease detection, classification, and prediction of treatment outcomes. The diagnostic field specificity is that any changes in it affect both those medical professionals who directly perform diagnostic procedures and those medical specialists who use the results of diagnostic examinations in their work. The research consists of two stages. Stage 1 is a survey of 119 respondents (medical professionals in Ukraine) about their attitude to the integration of AI technologies in diagnostics. Stage 2 is a study of opinions by 10 experts (medical professionals in Ukraine) about their own assessment of AI risk parameters in medical diagnostics. The survey showed the vast majority of Ukrainian doctors (over 84%) had no experience with AI-based diagnostic systems. Simultaneously, 74% of respondents believe AI can be effective in reducing diagnostic errors, and the future of medical diagnostics is associated with AI. They consider its main advantages to be speed, accuracy, objectivity, and ability to detect diseases at early stages. Respondents argue that AI is the most appropriate for diagnosing cancer, genetic research, and chronic conditions with atypical symptoms. Regarding the risks and barriers to AI introduction in medical diagnostics, at the first study stage, respondents named the high cost of implementation, the need for specialised training, and the possible lack of personal interaction between doctor and patient as the main ones. This opinion was clarified at the second study stage. In particular, 10 experts ranked these risks and potential problems in the following order (from the most to least important): unequal access; dependence on technology; ethical issues; legislative and regulatory challenges; lack of personal contact; bias and inequality; data privacy and security; errors in diagnosis and treatment. To mitigate each of these risks, the article develops a set of recommendations.

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KRALIA, Viktoriia. "USE OF MANAGEMENT DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT DECISIONS". Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 6, nr 1 (24.02.2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2021-1-10.

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In order to make economically justified management decisions, a comprehensive study of operating, investment and financial activities of enterprises is becoming more and more popular every year. Diagnosis of the state of management is an analytical procedure aimed at identifying the “weaknesses” of the management mechanism of the enterprise. There are several methodological approaches to diagnosing the activities of the enterprise, which differ in tools and are based on structuring, identifying the main link, establishing causal relationships and interdependencies, generalization (synthesis) of the results. In practice, not one, but a set of methods of analysis is usually used. The efficiency of each enterprise depends primarily on whether or not management decisions correspond to the real state of the market environment. The basis for substantiation and adoption of optimal management decisions should be the diagnosis of the effectiveness of the enterprise. The main purpose of management diagnostics is to diagnose the object under study and identify changes in its condition in order to form future prospects for development. With the help of diagnostic procedures, it is possible to comprehensively analyze the economic activity of enterprises, as well as to identify prospects for its development. At the same time, diagnostics must be constantly evolving, so it is advisable to take measures at the enterprise that will be aimed at its improvement. Based on the results of diagnostics, a systematic vision is formed by the company’s management of problem areas, which allows to assess the current state and trends of commercial, production, financial components of the enterprise, identify weaknesses in management, place “problems” problems, find out the causes and sources, to establish priorities in work with problems of the enterprise, to estimate possible variants of the decision of these problems with the forecast of possible results, to develop preliminary recommendations on working of development strategy of the enterprise for medium or long-term prospect. In addition, management makes justified management decisions to improve the efficiency of the enterprise through the use of identified reserves with the projected economic effect. Keywords: tools, managerial diagnostics, diagnostic methods, efficiency of decisions.

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Chênes, Camille, Heidi Albert, Kekeletso Kao i Nicolas Ray. "Use of Physical Accessibility Modelling in Diagnostic Network Optimization: A Review". Diagnostics 12, nr 1 (4.01.2022): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010103.

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Diagnostic networks are complex systems that include both laboratory-tested and community-based diagnostics, as well as a specimen referral system that links health tiers. Since diagnostics are the first step before accessing appropriate care, diagnostic network optimization (DNO) is crucial to improving the overall healthcare system. The aim of our review was to understand whether the field of DNO, and especially route optimization, has benefited from the recent advances in geospatial modeling, and notably physical accessibility modeling, that have been used in numerous health systems assessment and strengthening studies. All publications published in English between the journal’s inception and 12 August 2021 that dealt with DNO, geographical accessibility and optimization, were systematically searched for in Web of Science and PubMed, this search was complemented by a snowball search. Studies from any country were considered. Seven relevant publications were selected and charted, with a variety of geospatial approaches used for optimization. This paucity of publications calls for exploring the linkage of DNO procedures with realistic accessibility modeling framework. The potential benefits could be notably better-informed travel times of either the specimens or population, better estimates of the demand for diagnostics through realistic population catchments, and innovative ways of considering disease epidemiology to inform DNO.

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