Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Désinfection de l'eau”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 23 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Désinfection de l'eau”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Thomas, Nathalie. "Désinfection de l'eau par les rayonnements ultraviolets". Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P084.
Pełny tekst źródłaCarnier-Banny, Alain. "Retour à l'hygiène et actualité de l'eau de Javel". Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11094.
Pełny tekst źródłaDion-Fortier, Annick. "Variation des sous-produits de la désinfection de l'eau potable au point d'utilisation résidentiel". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25890/25890.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaOliveira, Souza Karine Christiane De. "Simulation numérique de la gestion de mla qualité de l'eau et de la décontamination bactériologique : simulation numérique de prévention du risque des légionelloses". Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX22055.
Pełny tekst źródłaXe présent a study of the annular UV reactors which belong to a complex system whose behavior is dominated by the hydrodynamics 3D flows of turbulent viscous fluids. For this study, complete models of UV radiation were used. The equations of these models depend on physical characteristics of UV lamp, geometry of the reactors and characteristics of water. The work carried out in this thesis concerns the complete numerical modeling of a system of disinfection of water by annular UV reactors, particularly applied to the combatof Legionella. We studied the prameters which influence the hydrodynamic behavior for better understanding the consequences on UV disinfection and integration between the hydrodynamics of the fluids, the UV radiation models and the kinetics of inactivation of the bacteria
Doquang, Zdravka. "Etudes expérimentale et numérique des performances des contacteurs de désinfection de l'eau par le chlore". Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0038.
Pełny tekst źródłaGirardin, Nicolas. "Evaluation de l'efficacité d'un peptide pour la maîtrise des légionelles dans l'eau". Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT2272.
Pełny tekst źródłaCooling towers are regularly involved in outbreaks of legionnaires’ disease. Compliance with regulatory thresholds of L. Pneumophila, within these facilities requires the use of biocidal compounds. A peptide secreted by Staphylococcus, named warnericin RK, have been patented in 2006 for it anti-Legionella. In the present context of diminishing the impact of biocides on the environment, the objective of this study was to determine if, by its protein structure and its specificity of action, warnericin RK could become an innovative tool for reasoned fighting against Legionella in cooling towers circuits. In the first part of this work, it was showed that the spectrum of activity of the warnericin RK is restricted to the genus Legionella and some strains of Bacillus. This peptide presents interesting activity as it inhibits the growth of L. Pneumophila at 3. 1 mg/mL and it reduces 99% the amount of Legionella, in demineralised water, at a concentration of 6. 25 mg/mL. The second part of this work focus on the development of purification methods in order to produce large quantities of this peptide to meet test network simulators or water network. Two approaches to production have been evaluated: (i) from the original strain and (ii) from recombinant E. Coli. The techniques have enabled the production of recombinant active warnericin and the production of a mixture of peptides active against L. Pneumophila from the partial purification of the supernatant of S. Warneri RK. The last part of this work was to assess the activity of warnericin RK against Legionella in conditions close to those found in cooling towers. Following these tests, it was shown that salts may be involved in the precipitation of the warnericin in cooling tower water. It also appears that, in condition close to those found in systems of coling towers, other factors such as the presence of microorganisms or the physiological status Legionella can limit the activity of the warnericin RK
Simard, Sabrina. "Occurrence des sous-produits de la désinfection dans l'eau des piscines de la ville de Québec". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26081/26081.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoissieras, Patricia. "Intérêt sanitaire et pratique de la désinfection des réseaux d'adduction d'eau potable publics et privés". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P118.
Pełny tekst źródłaGuilherme, Stéphanie. "Sous-produits de la désinfection dans l'eau potable des petits réseaux municipaux: variabilité spatio-temporelle, modélisation et stratégies de suivi". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25527.
Pełny tekst źródłaTrihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) constitute the only regulated disinfection by-products (DBPs) in various countries. DBPs are compounds formed during drinking water treatment, from the reaction between natural organic matter and the disinfectant. Most DBPs are not regulated, even if they may have more pronounced toxicological effects than regulated ones. There is currently very little information about the occurrence of non-regulated DBPs, particularly in small water systems (SWS). Paradoxically, in many cases, SWS supplied by surface waters lack adequate treatment processes to remove DBP precursors in water subjected to the disinfection process. Their tap water may be more vulnerable to the presence of DBPs. This thesis is dedicated to improving the knowledge of the occurrence of DBPs (especially non-regulated DBPs) in SWS by studying their spatial and temporal variability. To do that, two sampling programs were carried out in 25 SWS during two years (between 2010 and 2012) in Canada. Small systems in the provinces of Newfoundland & Labrador and Quebec were considered. The following DBPs were measured during the study: THMs, HAAs, haloacetonitriles, haloketones and halonitromethanes. The obtained results contribute to a better understanding of the DBP spatio-temporal variation patterns, to establishing models to evaluate their levels and to developing decision-making schemes for simultaneously monitoring various families of DBPs, including non-regulated DBPs.
Crissot-Laruade, Marjorie. "Evolution de la qualité de l'eau dans les réseaux de distribution d'eaux thermales : formation des biofilms et impact des désinfectants". Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2257.
Pełny tekst źródłaBoukari, Morou. "Pollutions des bassins de natation : modalités pour améliorer leur fonctionnement". Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30171.
Pełny tekst źródłaSous, Arnaud. "Détermination semi-quantitative des endotoxines dans l'eau pour dilution des solutions concentrées pour hémodialyse". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2P107.
Pełny tekst źródłaLégaré-Julien, Félix. "Formation des sous-produits de désinfection par différents traitements à base de chlore conçus pour traiter l'eau potable à domicile". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27552.
Pełny tekst źródłaPoint of use treatment is recommended by the World health organisation (WHO) to reduce diarrhoeal diseases, by preventing microbial contamination of drinking water. Coagulant-disinfectant products (CDP) and disinfection combined to safe storage practices are among the point of use treatments recommended by the WHO. Since microbial reduction performances of these products are well documented, little is known about the disinfection by-products (DBP) formed by the reaction of the free chlorine they contain, with the dissolved organic matter present in the water. This project aimed to characterize the formation of DBP by 4 point of use treatments in 3 different water source (swamp, St-Laurent River and laboratory synthetic water). 2 of the 4 tested products were CDP (PUR® and Aquafloq®), and the 2 others didn’t have coagulant (sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and Aquatabs® tablets). Trihalomethane (THM) en haloacetic acids (HAA) concentrations in treated water were measured at 4 different time steps: 30 min, 1h, 4h, and 24h. On the 15 tests realized, 6 of them had DBP concentrations that exceeded the WHO guidelines. Maximum THM4 (415 ppb) and HAA5 (335 ppb) concentrations were obtained with double dose NaOCl (8,4 mg Cl2/L) in the swamp. Alternative methods allowing estimation of DBP formation concentrations (e.g. differential UV absorbance (DUVA) and chlorine consumption (CLC)) were also investigated. Their performances varied according to the DBP’s nature (from R2 =0.69, for THM4 with CLC, to R2 =0.98, for HAA5 with DUVA).
Koninck, Corentin. "Procédés solaires basse température pour la désinfection d'eau de surface". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2024. https://theses.hal.science/tel-04867589.
Pełny tekst źródłaDifficulties in accessing drinking water affect the daily lives of 2 billion people, and represent a major problem to be solved. The 6th Sustainable Development Goal, set by the United Nations, aims to promote universal access to drinking water by developing sanitation and potabilization facilities in urban areas, and in isolated sites. The latter are characterized by the absence of energy networks, the scarcity of qualified technical personnel and the difficulty of transporting raw materials. The development of decentralized, sustainable, energy-independent processes meets the need to treat water against microbiological pollution, the cause of many deaths worldwide. Two processes, using low-temperature solar thermal energy as an energy source, and based respectively on the principle of water pasteurization and membrane ultrafiltration, are being designed, tested and modelled. The aim of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility of disinfecting surface water on the scale of small decentralized communities, using energy supplied by standard flat-plate thermal collectors. Depending on irradiation conditions, the solar pasteurization process developed can treat daily volumes of between 800 and 1000 L per collector unit (2 m2 surface area). Specific solar energy consumption, optimized through the use of a high-performance heat exchanger positioned on the open treatment loop, varies between 12 and 15 kWhsol.m-3. It operates completely autonomously with the sun, using a passive control system. The ultrafiltration process is based on two innovations: (i) the production of the mechanical energy required to operate the membrane system by an organic Rankine thermodynamic cycle whose heat input is supplied by a solar collector; (ii) the use of mechanical energy to pump and pressurize the water by actuating a double-acting cylinder. The technical feasibility of the process has been verified, with specific energy consumption fluctuating between 5 and 10 kWhsol.m-3. In both cases, modelling is carried out and validated on the basis of experimental results. By coupling the two technologies, it is possible to generate the permeate required for drinking water, and to disinfect the concentrate using the pasteurization process. This disinfection system combines energy efficiency with zero waste
Phe, Meng-Huot. "Marquage par fluorochromes de bactéries ayant subi un stress oxydant : pour une nouvelle méthode de contrôle rapide de la désinfection des eaux". Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN12506.
Pełny tekst źródłaMarcoux, Alain. "Caractérisation des sous-produits de la désinfection dans un système municipal d'eau potable - Cas d'étude : Ville de Saint-Jérôme". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26541.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis Master's thesis presents the results of a sampling campaign of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in a municipal drinking water system. In addition to the regulated DBP families (i.e. trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs)), three families of non-regulated disinfection by-products (NrDBPs) are also studied (haloacetonitriles (HANs), halonitromethanes (HNMs) and haloketones (HKs)). The study of these five DBP families is of great interest since several of these compounds could be carcinogenic. During the sampling campaigns, DBP concentrations and some physicochemical parameters were measured at various points within the treatment plant (WTP) and the drinking water distribution network. Results obtained are analyzed from a spatial and temporal point of view to identify the main factors influencing the variability of the five DBP families studied. Conclusions of this analysis are used to identify the most critical points in the system and to identify potential solutions to reduce the DBP concentrations in the drinking water network. Results show, among other things, that a considerable proportion of the maximum observed DBP concentrations is generated within the WTP and therefore, interventions to limit the formation of DBPs should focus on the treatment chain and the WTP tank.
Phe, Meng-Huot. "Marquage par fluorochromes de bactéries ayant subi un stress oxydant : pour une nouvelle méthode de contrôle rapide de la désinfection des eaux". Nancy 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN10230.
Pełny tekst źródłaCédat, Bruno. "Evaluation du procédé UV/H2O2 pour la désinfection et l’élimination des micropolluants en vue d’une réutilisation des eaux usées traitées en petites stations d’épuration". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI117/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaWater scarcity is a growing concern worldwide. In this context, treated wastewater is seen as a sustainable water resource which could be used for different purposes such as irrigation, groundwater recharge or industrial activities. Reclaimed water is an environmentally and economically solution, still poorly developed in France. However, an increasing demand is expected in the coming years. Therefore, treatment enhancement in wastewater treatment plant could be necessary in order to meet chemical and biological water quality requirements which will depend on the final use of the treated water. The treatment of emerging micropollutants is one of the new challenge WTP will have to cope with. Enhanced treatment processes (ozonation, activated carbon, membrane filtration) have already been set up in large WTP but small and medium WTP, representing around 90% of the French WTP, are still lacking of affordable treatment solutions. However, UV based advanced oxidation process (AOP) could be a promising technology in order to produce a water of high quality. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that UV/H2O2 process is technically and economically efficient for the disinfection and the removal of micropollutants in small and medium WTP. First of all, a UV/H2O2 pilot at a laboratory scale was assessed on bacterial models as well as estrogenic micropollutants (E1, E2 and EE2) in treated wastewater. Treatment efficiency was compared to UV photolysis. It was shown that UV/H2O2 treatment increased the disinfection process by destroying the cellular membrane integrity whereas the UV photolysis could only inactive the bacteria. Moreover, when combining UV (plus petit 600 mJ/cm²) and H2O2 (30-50 mg/L), above 80% of the estrogenic compounds and the associated estrogenic activity could be removed. No high estrogenic or toxic by-products were detected by the two bioassays used in this study (YES and vibrio fisheri). The UV/H2O2 process could also degrade pharmaceuticals such as diclofenac, ibuprofen and naproxen (>70 % at 1000 mJ/cm²). In a second part, a full scale pilot was designed based on the previous results and set up in a WTP in Vercia (Jura). The treatment (UV fluence ≈ 1000 mJ/cm², [H2O2] = 15 mg/L) allowed to obtain a water of a very high bacteriological and chemical quality. The global cost of the process was estimated at around 0.28 €/m³. This study demonstrates the efficiency of the UV/H2O2 process in a small WTP and its high potential for reclaimed water production
Beaulieu, Christine. "Caractérisation spatio-temporelle de la réactivité des précurseurs de sous-produits de la désinfection en réseau de distribution d'eau potable". Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26960/26960.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaBeauchamp, Nicolas. "Opération adaptative des systèmes d'eau potable par le suivi de l'absorbance UV afin de minimiser l'exposition aux sous-produits de la désinfection". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35417.
Pełny tekst źródłaRegulatory sampling of drinking water for the control of disinfection by-products (DBPs) gives a partial depiction of the performance of a drinking water system in terms of DBPs, given the usually low sampling frequency required. A more frequent feedback on DBP concentrations would allow optimisation of the operation of the treatment processes responsible for the removal of DBP precursors. It is therefore important to develop a simple, rapid and high frequency or even continuous monitoring method for DBPs. Differential UV absorbance (ΔA) is a method, consisting of the use of the difference between the absorbance of a sample before chlorination and after chlorination to predict DBP concentrations that can provide such a feedback rapidly and frequently. The main goal of this thesis is to develop a continuous DBP monitoring strategy using differential UV absorbance in order to achieve a preventive and adaptive operation of water treatment processes. This goal is divided into two sub-objectives : to understand why DBP-ΔA relationships are not universal and to identify ways to generalize their application in full-scale water treatment facilities, and to develop a preventive and adaptive operation strategy of the coagulation-flocculation process, using UV absorbance as a feedback, in order to reduce DBP concentrations at the plant and in the distribution network. To reach these goals, atrial was made to assess the possibility of establishing DBP-ΔA relationships at a full-scale treatment plant. Then, a coagulation strategy using UV absorbance at 254 nm of the raw and settled waters was tested to assess its capacity to reduce DBP concentrations. At the same time, jar-tests and chlorination experiments were conducted on 8 different water sources to build a database on the coagulation of DBP precursors. These results were compared with the full-scale coagulation strategy. The database was also used to establish DBP-ΔA relationships applicable to waters with a wide range of physicochemical characteristics and to formulate recommendations on the approach to take to generalize and use these relationships. The results of the full-scale trials show that it is possible to establish DBP-ΔA relationships for both regulated (trihalomethanes (THM) and haloacetic acids (HAAs)) and unregulated (haloacetonitriles (HANs), haloketones (HKs) and chloropicrin (CPK)) DBPs using differential UV absorbance at one wavelength (272 nm), but that these relationships vary with the raw water physicochemical characteristics and with the operation parameters of the treatment process. Nonetheless, UV absorbance before chlorination remains a good surrogate of the concentration of DBP precursors. A coagulation strategy based on a stoichiometric alum dose related to UV absorbance at 254 nm (alum/UV254) was therefore developed at full-scale. Results from the full-scale trials and the jar-tests are coherent and confirm that using a stable stoichiometric dose maximises the removal of UV absorbance and DBP precursors despite daily and seasonal variations of raw water quality and natural organic matter content. The use of differential UV absorbance at multiple wavelength made it possible to improve the predictive capacity of empirical DBP-ΔA relationships and to generalize their application. Indeed, results from the jar-tests and chlorination experiments showed that these relationships are applicable to chlorinated waters with very different physicochemical characteristics. Specifically, THM concentrations seem to be better predicted using pre-chlorination absorbance at 270nm, ΔA at 270nm and ΔA at 425nm, dichloroacetic acid using pre-chlorination absorbance at 250nm, ΔA at 250nm and ΔA at 425nm, and trichloroacetic acid using pre-chlorination absorbance at 255nm, ΔA at 255nm and ΔA at 425nm. The use of differential absorbance at multiple wavelengths, especially using online absorbance probes, should be tried in a full-scale water treatment facility in future research.
Cool, Geneviève. "Modèles pour l'estimation de la variabilité régionale présente et future de la présence des trihalométhanes dans l'eau potable". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26141.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objective of this thesis is to estimate the present and the future regional variability of trihalomethane (THM) occurrence in drinking water utilities (DWUs) supplied by surface water using multilevel models. The regional variability of THMs was investigated using a large database developed as part of this thesis that takes into account information about regulatory drinking water quality analyses, treatment infrastructures, surface water quality, and many other spatiotemporal parameters that may influence source water quality (Chapter 2). The multilevel models allow for the consideration of the hierarchical structure of the data and the study of variability among THM samples, while controlling for the grouping of THM concentrations within DWUs and at the regional level. At first, multilevel linear regression models were developed to estimate the regional and temporal variability of an indicator of THM precursors (i.e., dissolved organic carbon – DOC) (Chapter 3). Then, using the knowledge acquired in this study and based on multilevel logistic regression models, we developed a model which allows us to estimate the regional variability in the probability of THM concentrations exceeding a specific threshold in drinking water (Chapter 4). Then, this model was used to estimate the possible impact of climate change on the future regional variability in the probability of THM concentrations exceeding the threshold (Chapter 5). Multilevel models have only rarely been used in the field of drinking water quality modelling. And yet results from this thesis demonstrate that they are quite useful in considering the natural hierarchy of variables allowing for the modelling of drinking water quality on a regional basis. The database we developed and the methodological exploration of multilevel regression models that is carried out through the chapters of this thesis offer a useful framework for future modelling studies which examine the regional variability of drinking water quality. Keywords: drinking water, surface water, multilevel regression models, regional ecological framework, trihalomethanes, disinfection by-products, dissolved organic carbon, climate change
"Variation des sous-produits de la désinfection de l'eau potable au point d'utilisation résidentiel". Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25890/25890.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła"Occurrence des sous-produits de la désinfection dans l'eau des piscines de la ville de Québec". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26081/26081.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła