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Schnitz, Casey Lee. "Demographic characteristics of ethical consumers". Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/811.
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Hayes, Tracy Machelle. "Demographic Characteristics Predicting Employee Turnover Intentions". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1538.
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In 2012, more than 25 million U.S. employees voluntarily terminated their employment with their respective organizations. Demographic characteristics of age, education, gender, income, and length of tenure are significant factors in employee turnover intentions. The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between age, education, gender, income, length of tenure, and employee turnover intention among full-time employees in Texas. The population consisted of Survey Monkey-® Audience members who were full-time employees, residents of Texas, over the age of 18, not self-employed, and not limited to a specific employment industry. For this study, a sample of 187 Survey Monkey-® Audience members completed the electronic survey. Through the proximal similarity model, the results of this study are generalizable to the United States. The human capital theory was the theoretical framework. The results of the multiple regression analysis indicated a significant relationship between age, income, and turnover intentions; however, the relationship between education, gender, and length of tenure was not statistically significant. As the Baby Boomer cohort prepares to transition into retirement, organizational leaders must develop retention strategies to retain Millennial employees. To reduce turnover intentions, organizational leaders should use pay-for-performance initiatives to reward top performers with additional pay and incentives. The social implications of these findings may reduce turnover, which may reduce employee stress, encourage family well-being, and increase participation in civic and social events.
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Storkey, Marian Elaine. "Population projections of different ethnic groups in London, 1991 to 2011". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246691.
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Niccolai, Valentina [Verfasser]. "Demographic Characteristics and Neural Mechanisms of Synaesthesia / Valentina Niccolai". Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015458084/34.
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Sinkiewicz, James A. "Predicting enlistment behavior from stated intentions and demographic characteristics". Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA243091.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.Thesis Advisor: Gorman, Linda. Second Reader: Thomas, George W. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 2, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): YATSII (Youth Attitude Tracking Study II). Author(s) subject terms: Enlistment prediction, enlistment propensity. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-60). Also available in print.
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Harder, Elizabeth. "Job Susceptibility to Computerization by Demographic Characteristics: An Empirical Exploration". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1773.
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Following developments in technological advancement and the ability to automate jobs in the 21st Century, the quantity and variety of jobs impacted by computerization has increased. Using data from the 2013 American Community Survey (ACS), this paper explores how demographic characteristics influence the probability of job computerization. I perform a linear regression and find evidence that differences in race, education, and gender significantly impact the probability of an individual’s occupation to be computerized. Specifically, Hispanics are the most at risk racial/ethnic group followed in order by blacks, Asians, and whites; increased education is associated with lower probability of computerization; and men are more susceptible to facing job automation than women.
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Maswada, Tayseer Abdel-Hafez. "The demographic characteristics of Palestinian refugees in Syria, 1949-1992". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300476.
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Lukomski, Jennifer Adele 1960. "Demographic and professional characteristics associated with school psychologists' ethical beliefs". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282187.
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To date no systematic empirical study has been published that examines the association between the demographic and professional characteristics of school psychologists and their ethical beliefs concerning school psychology practice. In the present study a representative sample of 345 NASP members rated various behavior descriptions of possible school psychology practices with regard to their ethical beliefs of the appropriateness of such practices and their perceptions as to the frequency of occurrence of such practices. The differences between respondents' gender, age, type of work setting, theoretical orientation, educational level, type of certification, type of ethics training, year highest degree was obtained and years in practice on three dependent measures (i.e., total ethical behavior rating score, dual relationship domain score and competency domain score) were examined. The results showed that there was a high linear association between respondents' ethical ratings of selected behaviors and their respective ratings of the observed frequency of occurrence of such behaviors in practice. In addition, the findings between the demographic and professional characteristics indicated that: (1) female respondents scored significantly higher (i.e., more conservative/less permissive) than male respondents on the three dependent measures, (2) respondents who practiced less than 16 years or graduated after 1981 scored significantly higher (i.e., more conservative/less permissive) on the three dependent measures than those respondents who had worked either more than 16 years or graduated before 1981, (3) Master's and Ed.S. level respondents who had obtained their highest degree after 1981 scored significantly higher (i.e., more conservative/less permissive) than did those Master's and Ed.S. respondents who obtained their degree before 1981, and (4) Doctoral level respondents who received their degree before 1981 scored significantly higher (i.e., more conservative/less permissive) than those Master's degree respondents who received their degree before 1981. The present study's findings were discussed in relation to existing literature on psychology and ethics. In addition, limitations of the present study and suggestions for future research were also addressed.
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Wilson, Shona E. "Demographic characteristics and habitat use of unexploited raccoons in southern Illinois /". Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1083540551&sid=13&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Poznanski, Alex Joshua. "Analyzing demographic and geographic characteristics of "Cycle Atlanta" smartphone application users". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47701.
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The objective of this research is to analyze how the demographic characteristics and reported home locations of Cycle Atlanta smartphone app users compare to those of cyclists reflected by other datasets. The findings of this research show that the majority of Cycle Atlanta users are young, white males belonging to either a very high annual income group or a low annual income group, with fewer users belonging to middle-income groups. Most of the app's users live in east-side, ``intown' Atlanta neighborhoods. Other cyclist data for the Atlanta area show similar trends, although less pronounced than the trends exhibited by Cycle Atlanta users. Because smartphone apps such as Cycle Atlanta are a fairly recent innovation, there is still a great deal of uncertainty as to how equitably they can gather bicycle data. The research presented in this thesis has the potential to empower transportation planners to plan bicycle facilities that will benefit many different facets of the cycling community in Atlanta. This has the potential to increase the mode share of cycling in cities, which will reduce congestion and promote healthier lifestyles.
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Kobayashi, Yukiko. "Demographic and socio economic characteristics of Irish migrants in contemporary Britain". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272593.
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Ha, Young. "Rural Ohio Consumers' Internet Apparel Shopping: Innovativeness, Perceptions, and Demographic Characteristics". The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1380541737.
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Bloomquist, Craig K. "Demographic characteristics and spatial organization of unexploited beavers in southern Illinois /". Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456624531&sid=12&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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St-Hilaire, Wilgyms. "Prostate Cancer Screening Rates for Haitian Men Based on Demographic Characteristics". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7082.
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Cancer screening is useful for improving survival rates and treatment outcomes, which is why there are screening recommendations for the most prevalent types of cancer. Despite gains in the reduction of cancer-related mortality rate worldwide in the past few years, the Haitian community continues to experience high mortality rates due to cancer. The prevalence of prostate cancer in the Haitian population is among the highest worldwide at 767 per 100,000, with a mortality rate of 403 per 100,000. One of the causes may be the low prostate cancer screening rate in the Haitian community; however, no studies have been focused on an association between demographic factors within this community and the low prostate cancer screening rate. This study's purpose was to address this gap through a cross-sectional quantitative design using the health belief model as a theoretical framework and a convenience sample of 282 Haitian males. The rate of prostate cancer screening among Haitian immigrants living in Brooklyn was examined based on the demographic variables of age, income, and education. Participants' perceptions regarding prostate cancer screening were also evaluated based on the same variables. Loglinear, and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Although education was found to be the strongest and only significant predictor variable for prostate cancer screening participation within the target population, no conclusion could be drawn regarding the effect of the select variables on the participants' perceptions on prostate cancer screening. The implications for this study include increased knowledge for public health promotion initiatives and for those in the Haitian community working to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates due to prostate cancer.
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Behrouzinia, Tahmoores. "The socio-demographic characteristics of Muslim communities in Australia, 1981-96". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb421.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 483-532. This study contributes to the limited body of knowledge regarding Muslim settlement in Australia by elucidating the processes of contemporary settlement and adjustment of Muslim groups in Australia and assessing the role and significance of religion (Islam) in those processes. It focuses on the cultural, economic, social and demographic adjustments of these groups to Australian society and explores the role of Islam in the adjustment.
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Ngondiop, Judith D’or Donang. "Socio-demographic analysis of domestic violence against women: evidences from DHS". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4431.
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Magister Philosophiae - MPhilThe right for every woman to live free of violence is one of the basic human rights. Nevertheless, this right is still subject to violation on a massive and systematic scale around the world. At least one of three women around the world has reported been physical, sexual and emotional abuse by an intimate partner in her lifetime. Although, gender inequalities and discrimination are considered as the underlying factors of domestic violence, little is known about the contributions of the presence of sons and daughters at home, age, gender, education, marital status, working status, place of residence. Despite the fact that recommendations have been made both at the international and national levels to reduce intimate female abuse, the issue is still rampant in developing countries. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the impact of women’s socio-economic and demographic characteristics on domestic violence across seven countries (Cameroon, Ghana, Haiti, Liberia, Moldova, Nepal and Philippines). Frequencies and bivariate analyses were performed using the latest Demographic Health Surveys from 2005 to 2011. The findings established that on average 33.37 percent of women across the seven countries are abused. Domestic violence is a high concern in Cameroon. The educational level still remains a predicting factor of domestic violence across the countries under investigation except in Liberia. The number of living children was also identified as a predicting factor across the studied countries. Finally, a woman having a son or a daughter at home is more likely to expose the woman to intimate violence in Cameroon, Haiti, Moldova, Nepal and Philippines. All the countries are entrenched in a culture of male domination whereby women lack the freedom to decide on marital issues. As a recommendation, the government of each of the studied countries should be more proactive in reinforcing judicial system, policies and education that will help to curb the scourge of domestic violence. Furthermore, improving the level of literacy for women and educating men as the perpetrators of domestic violence will go a long way in abating this social ill.
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Guruge, Sepali. "The effects of demographic characteristics on preoperative teaching outcomes, a meta-analysis". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0002/MQ46122.pdf.
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Ogwal-Omara, Richard. "Influence of selected economic, demographic and political characteristics on growth in Africa". Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1220473764/.
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MORAES, MARIANA TERRA DE. "EVALUATION OF RISK TOLERANCE BY DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND BY TYPE OF PERSONALITY". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14162@1.
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Há algum tempo as Finanças Comportamentais vêm sendo estudadas, mas
apenas nos últimos anos têm sido mais difundidas. Seus preceitos se contrapõem
ao pressuposto de racionalidade dos tomadores de decisão adotado pelas Finanças
Tradicionais. O conceito de aversão à perda é considerado um dos pilares das
Finanças Comportamentais e diz que o investidor pondera tanto os ganhos quanto
as perdas, mas não dá a ambos o mesmo valor psicológico. Desta forma, nos
últimos anos, tem crescido entre os gestores de investimento e pesquisadores o
interesse em conhecer o comportamento do investidor em relação ao risco, ou
seja, saber se o investidor é ou não tolerante ao risco. Através da aplicação de um
questionário que unia perguntas relacionadas a características demográficas, ao
perfil psicológico e ao nível de tolerância ao risco, foi possível identificar algumas
relações interessantes e úteis entre estas variáveis com o grau de tolerância ao
risco, variável dependente. De posse destas informações, os agentes financeiros
poderão focar melhor os investimentos de acordo com o perfil percebido de seus
clientes.Behavioral Finance exists already some time, but only in recent years has its studies become more widespread. Its premises diverge from the assumption of rationality of decision-makers adopted by Traditional Finance. The concept of loss aversion is considered one of the pillars of Behavioral Finance and says that investors consider both the investor s earnings as well as the losses, but do not give them the same psychological value. Thus, in recent years, interest has grown between investment managers and researchers in understanding the investor’s risk behavior, which means the same as knowing whether investor is tolerant or not to risk. Through the application of a questionnaire that included questions related to demographic characteristics, the psychological profile and the level of risk tolerance, it was possible to identify some interesting and useful relationships between these variables with the degree of risk tolerance, the dependent variable. In possession of this information, financial agents can better focus on investment in accordance with the perceived profile of their customers.
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Okong'o, Lawrence Owino. "Demographic and clinical characteristics of children with juvenile dermatomyositis in Cape Town". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15680.
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Study rationale: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare idiopathic inflammatory myopathy of childhood with an incidence of 1.9-3.2 per million. The aetiology of JDM is uncertain but may result from immune dysregulation triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible children. The demographic and clinical characteristics of JDM may thus differ by race and geographic regions. Few studies have described the characteristics of JDM patients from Africa. There is need for further studies for better understanding of the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with JDM from the continent. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study to determine clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients satisfying the Bohan and Peter criteria for probable JDM seen between 2004-2013 in Red Cross, Groote Schuur and Tygerberg hospitals in Cape Town. Data was analyzed using R version 3.1.0 (2014-04-10). Results: Twenty-five cases were identified: 16 female and 9 male. Thirteen (52%) of the cases were of indigenous African, eleven (44%) mixed and one (4%) European ancestry. The median ages at disease onset and diagnosis were 6.75 (range 2.0-9.7) and 7.9 (range 3.4-9.75) years respectively. Muscle weakness and characteristic cutaneous manifestations occurred in all the 25 patients while 24 had elevated muscle enzymes. All the patients received corticosteroids, seventeen (73.9%) received methotrexate and four received rituximab. Eleven patients had calcinosis during the disease course [median follow up period of 50 (range 0.5-159) months]. The mortality was 2/25 (8%) while only 40% of the patients had clinically inactive disease by PRINTO criteria. There was no difference in racial distribution (p-value = 1), age at disease onset (p-value = 0.87) and disease duration prior to treatment initiation (p -value = 0.75) between patients who had clinically active and inactive disease. Discussion: The demographic characteristics of children with JDM were similar to that from most other regions of the world with female predominance and similar age at onset. The median delay in diagnosis (4 months) was not longer than that reported in most other studies. However, some children had prolonged delay of up to 7 years due to misdiagnosis that denied them appropriate treatment in a timely manner. Majority (60%) of the patients also remained with clinically active disease, which put them at risk of further disease complications including calcinosis. Even though the mortality rate was low (8%) this was still more than double that reported in most recent large studies especially from the resource rich countries. Conclusions: Long-term follow up of JDM patients is advisable since majority of patients seem to have clinically active disease many years after disease onset despite treatment. Formulation and use of appropriate treatment guidelines and protocols may aid in the early diagnosis and appropriate management for optimum outcomes.
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Beukes, Barend Otto. "Demographic characteristics of lion (Panthera leo) in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2346.
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Thesis (MTech (Nature Conservation))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.Lions are threatened across their natural range. The Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (KTP), comprising the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park (KGNP; South Africa) and Gemsbok National Park (GNP; Botswana), is a stronghold for the species. Population size and demography of lions in the KGNP has been addressed in four historic studies. Studies in mid-1970 and 1990 reported a female biased population whereas in 2010 the sex structure was skewed towards males (56%). The bias in sex ratios towards males was first observed in cubs and sub-adults in 2001 and later, in 2010, throughout the population. Furthermore, in the 2010 assessment of the lion population, a smaller proportion of cubs (< 2 yrs) were observed in comparisons to the preceding studies (10% vs. ≥ 23%). The skew in age and sex structures that were observed in the KGNP led to concerns over the long-term sustainability of the greater KTP lion population. The lion population carries further risks associated with the stochastic, arid environment, in which the KTP lion population persists. Human-lion conflict on the borders of the KTP and anthropogenic alterations of the environment further threaten lion demographic stability.
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VanEaton, Jessica R. "Eyewitness Recall of Noncriminal Events: An Examination of Demographic Characteristics with a Selected Population". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1821.
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The purpose of this study was to examine differences of recalled events from a selected university student population. Eyewitness testimony is frequently used to convict defendants each year. Many of these convictions are based solely on eyewitness accounts. While much has been written on the reliability of eyewitness testimony, little is known about demographic characteristic differences that may exist. A videotaped event was shown to a sample of college students who were then asked to complete a questionnaire based on what they watched. There were significant differences found in the respondents‟ accuracy in recalling events of the video according to demographic characteristics of the sample.
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Bishop, Alana. "Patients' preferences for Shared Decision Making: Associations with Demographic Variables, Personality Characteristics and Characteristics of the Health Condition". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7679.
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Shared Decision Making (SDM) in medical consultations has received significant attention in the literature over the past 10 years. Research indicates that patients’ desire both components of SDM, information sharing and behavioural involvement, to differing degrees (Flynn, Smith, & Vanness, 2006) and that matching medical care to these preferences may be associated with better patient health outcomes (Cvengros, Christensen, Cunningham, Hillis, & Kaboli, 2009). In this thesis, relationships between SDM preferences and patients’ personal characteristics (demographic factors and personality attributes) were investigated (Objective one), as well as associations between patient’s SDM preferences and the features of the health concern that they were seeking care for (Objective two). The current study used 158 Christchurch residents who were part of a longitudinal health and wellbeing study. They completed a questionnaire that measured their general SDM preferences, their demographic and personality characteristics and their preferences for SDM, given four hypothetical health complaints. These complaints varied in duration and perceived seriousness.
Demographic variables and personality variables accounted for approximately the same amount of variance in participants’ general preferences for SDM, together describing 33% and 42% of the variance in information sharing and behavioural involvement. The strongest contributors were all three Health Locus of Control variables, sex and education level. Big Five personality traits and participant self-rated physical health did not account for a significant amount of variance in SDM preferences, once all variables were controlled for.
In addition, the features of the health concern were marginally associated with participants’ SDM preferences for that specific consultation. Between-subjects analyses found that the duration or perceived seriousness of the health complaint were not associated with SDM preferences reported within the first scenario, once participants’ general SDM preferences were accounted for. Whereas, these two features described a significant amount of variance in participants’ information sharing preferences in the within-subjects analyses, when participants’ general SDM preferences were controlled for. Post-hoc analyses reported that chronic health complaints, that were perceived to be highly serious, elicited significantly greater preferences for information exchange than all other scenarios. No association occurred for participants’ preferences for involvement in final decision making across the four scenarios.
The findings emphasise that differences occur in patients’ preferences for information sharing and behavioural involvement; both in regard to their general preferences and their specific preferences for these components of SDM within a given consultation. They also identify the central role that patients’ personality characteristics may play in determining their collaboration and involvement in healthcare; associations that are often overlooked by the SDM literature. The current findings contribute to our understanding of patient’s preferences for SDM and implications for practice and future research are discussed.
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Graham, Gary William. "Analysis of production practices and demographic characteristics of the Ohio maple syrup industry". Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1116697646.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 121 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-121). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Cavers, Lloyd. "Teacher efficacy : its relationship to school level organizational conditions and teacher demographic characteristics". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29231.
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This empirical study explored the relationship between teacher efficacy and each of school level organizational conditions and teacher demographic characteristics in order to provide information which could be used in school improvement planning. Teacher efficacy, the extent to which teachers believe they have the capacity to affect student performance, has two components as defined in this study: teaching efficacy, and personal teaching efficacy. Teaching efficacy, considered to be a general measure of teacher efficacy, describes the teacher's belief in the ability of teachers, as a group, to influence learning. Personal teaching efficacy, considered to be the more specific and important measure of the two, describes the belief that the individual teacher has the skills and abilities to bring about student learning. The teacher's sense of personal teaching efficacy is believed to have the most potential for affecting the teacher's motivation and future behaviour.
A teacher's sense of efficacy is believed to be affected by several variables including school level organizational conditions and teacher demographic characteristics. Nine school level organizational conditions and five teacher demographic characteristics were selected for study from the literature because they had been positively related to good schools. A volunteer sample of 339 school-based teachers in one Alberta school district were surveyed and the principal of each of 15 schools was interviewed.
Quantitative analyses were used with the teacher as the unit of analysis; these findings were verified and amplified using a qualitative analysis with the school as the unit of analysis. The main conclusions were: (1) teacher sex and teaching grade level were significantly related to teacher efficacy, while teacher age and experience were not; and (2) teachers' perceptions of student behaviour and horizontal communication were significantly related to teacher efficacy.
The study suggests seven implications for school administrators and others interested in enhancing teachers' sense of efficacy. These include: (1) providing opportunities for teachers to discuss instruction-related topics; and (2) implementing a school discipline policy aimed at improving student behaviour. Ten implications for further research include the consideration of a secondary school focus and also the use of research methods with the potential to establish a causal relationship between teacher efficacy and school level organizational conditions.Education, Faculty of
Educational Studies (EDST), Department of
Graduate
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Ross, Catriona Kirsty 1971. "Prospectively reported premenstrual symptom change : relationship to personality, demographic and menstrual cycle characteristics". Monash University, Dept. of Psychology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9232.
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Rodriguez, Santana Idaira De Las Nieves. "Essays on the influence of doctors' socio-demographic characteristics on medical specialty allocation". Thesis, University of York, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20167/.
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Medical workforce planning is a key element of any health care system, however factors influencing medical career choice are poorly understood. This thesis contains three essays on the influence of doctors’ socio-demographic characteristics on their medical specialty in both the UK and Spain. This thesis aims at understanding the drivers of the occupational segregation between socio-demographic groups, with the objective of helping regulators and policy makers in the design of interventions aimed at reducing the undesired consequences associated with the occupational segregation. Chapter 2 constitutes a descriptive exercise of the socio-demographic composition of the new cohorts of junior doctors in the UK by analysing their distribution across specialties. The findings show large disparities in that distribution. This chapter provides a discussion of the possible sources of the observed disparities and relates the occupational segregation with the literature on statistical discrimination. Chapter 3 seeks to disentangle the origins of the outcomes observed in Chapter 2. It develops a conceptual framework that acknowledges the sequential, two-sided nature of the process and that serves as a base for the empirical analysis. The focus of the latter is the estimation of how doctors’ socio-demographic characteristics affect their application strategies and specialty choices and selectors’ valuations of candidates. Chapter 4 focuses on the Spanish resident market and explores two of the possible causes leading to the persistent gender gap in surgical specialties. The first focus is on the role of social interactions in shaping doctors’ decisions to specialize, more specifically whether female role models constitute an attractor factor for female doctors. The second analyses the functioning of the specialty allocation system and tests whether a policy change has had the unintended consequence of reducing the probability of female doctors accessing highly demanded specialties, including surgical specialties.
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Rajbhandari, Samjhana. "Social Integration Among Older Adults: A Focus on Socio-Demographic and Health Characteristics". Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27577.
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Social integration is a multi-dimensional construct that is instrumental to healthy aging. The current study explores variation in older adults? social integration based on socio-demographic variation (age, gender, education, marital status, and rurality) and health status (as measured by number of chronic illness and Activities of Daily Living). Participants included 416 older adults (aged 60+) from a small Midwestern metropolitan area. Results from two-stage hierarchical multiple regressions revealed associations between age, education, marital status and rurality and social integration, whereas gender was not associated with overall social integration. Instrumental ADLs were more consistently associated with social integration as compared to chronic health conditions. These findings highlight the multi-faceted nature of social integration in late-life. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Keywords: social integration, aging, health.
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Graham, Gary W. "Analysis of production practices and demographic characteristics of the Ohio maple syrup industry". The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1116697646.
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Espenshade, Jessica. "How Wildlife Information, Recreation Involvement And Demographic Characteristics Influence Public Acceptability Of Development". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/399.
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Increasing development like roads and houses will alter the future landscape of Vermont. Development provides important resources for people and society, but also results in consequences for wildlife and opportunities for recreation. Managing development requires information on the public's acceptability of development and how acceptability is shaped by information on various consequences. In this study, I examined three questions: 1) What is the public's acceptability of development? 2) Does wildlife information influence public acceptability of development and 3) Is the maximum amount of acceptable development influenced by views about wildlife, involvement in recreation, and demographic factors? I surveyed 9,000 households in Vermont by including a questionnaire which asked about development, wildlife, recreation, and demographics. I assessed acceptability of amount of development using social-norm curves and used parametric significance tests and mixed-effects models to examine the influence of wildlife, recreation, and demographic factors. The survey response rate was 44%. The maximum acceptable amount of development was slightly more than 32 households/km2, and not meaningfully influenced by the broader consequences of development on seven common wildlife species. The public demonstrated a strong preference for clustered development over sprawled development, which became unacceptable at 20 households per km2. Maximum acceptability of development was significantly influenced by views on some species, including bear, bobcat, and fisher, but not by others such as deer, fox, raccoon, and coyote. Similarly, those involved in common forms of outdoor recreation, including birding, ATVing, hunting, fishing and camping, were significantly less accepting of development relative to those not involved in these forms of recreation. Maximum amount of development was also affected by demographic factors, including town density, respondent age, home ownership and location of birth. The results provide a baseline measure of the public's acceptability of development, which can be used to guide decision-making about amount and pattern of development, wildlife management, and efforts to promote recreation in the state.
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Riddle, Winston A. "An Examination of Demographic Characteristics of Elementary School Principals and Student Achievement Scores". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1987. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2773.
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The purpose of this study was to consider the specific demographic characteristics of elementary school principals in conjunction with the academic achievement of students in an attempt to identify characteristics that might assist in the identification of effective principals. The characteristics tested were the principal's age, sex, race, tenure in the current position, total experience as a principal, level of previous teaching experience, and level of education. During and following the review of the literature, a list of characteristics was compiled and refined and a survey instrument constructed. The survey was sent to 255 randomly selected elementary school principals in North Carolina. A total of 222 responses were received. For each responding principal, third and sixth grade student achievement scores were obtained from the Department of Research, North Carolina Department of Public Instruction. These scores were the result of the spring 1986 administration of the California Achievement Test in the North Carolina Annual Testing Program. The scores were grouped according to the characteristic being studied and compared for significant differences using one-way analysis of variance or t tests. Grade-wide significant differences were found only in third grade scores when compared by the principal's race and sixth grade scores when compared by the principal's tenure in the current position. Significant differences were found for some student sex/race group scores when compared by the teaching experience, race, and the sex of the principal.
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Tcha, Sooyoung S. "Leisure patterns, constraints and socio-demographic characteristics of Korean immigrants in Western Australia". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1341.
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This study investigated the patterns of and constraints to leisure participation of Korean immigrants in Western Australia. The socioeconomic and demographic attributes of Korean immigrants were examined using descriptive statistical methods and their effects on leisure participation were rigorously analysed using quantitative techniques, based on data that were collected from Korean immigrants in Western Australia. The study showed that Korean immigrants participated in more passive leisure activities such as home-based ones. Participation in more active or western style leisure activities especially sports was found to be considerably low. The study also looked at which variables could explain the change in leisure participation patterns after migration, using regression analysis. The results showed that only limited variables such as age or gender were found to affect the change in leisure participation significantly. Another issue pursued in this study was the importance and determinants of leisure constraints recognised by the immigrants. These leisure constraints consisted of personal, structural and environmental categories. The results revealed that in general Korean immigrants did not regard leisure constraints important. They also showed that only limited numbers of socio-demographic and acculturation variables could explain the importance of constraints.
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Coetzer, Lianie. "The work-home interaction of South African working females / L. Coetzer". Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1254.
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The general objectives of this study were to determine the work-home interaction of South
African working females, to investigate the prevalence of work-home interaction and to
determine if differences concerning work-home interaction exist between different
demographical groups. An availability sample (n = 500) was taken from working females within
six provinces of South Africa. The SWING and a demographical questionnaire were
administered. Structural equation modelling (SEM) showed that a four-factor model, that
measures both the direction (work-home interaction and home-work interaction) and the quality
(positive or negative) of interaction, fitted the data best. All four factors were reliable, according
to the Cronbach alpha coefficients. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and one-way
analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to establish differences between work-home
interaction and different demographic characteristics. Statistically significant differences exist
between demographic groups based on race, language, occupation, parental status, household
situation and freedom to arrange circumstances.
Recommendations were made for further researchThesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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Rathbone, Albert Dirk. "Work engagement of employees in the mining environment / A.D. Rathbone". Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1404.
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Wills, Adrienne M. "Relationships Among Musical Home Environment, Parental Involvement, Demographic Characteristics, and Early Childhood Music Participation". Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/243.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the musical home environment of preschool children aged 3 to 5 years enrolled in an early childhood music class. This study also examined how the musical home environment was affected by demographic characteristics, parental musical experience, and early childhood music instruction. Parents and primary caregivers (N = 103) of preschool children enrolled in three university-based early childhood music programs in Florida, New York, and Ohio were surveyed using a researcher-constructed measure, “Parents’ Use of Music with Preschool Students” (PUMPS). The PUMPS was intended to gather data related to demographic characteristics of the sample, participants’ experiences in early childhood music programs, the personal music experience of participants and information about how music was used in the home. Participants demonstrated that they provided a rich musical home environment for preschool children, having a variety of musical interactions with their children on a weekly basis (i.e., singing, listening to music, playing instruments, moving to music, utilizing music class activities and composition) and had a variety of musical materials in their homes including music instruments, musical toys, and music listening devices. Participants reported a higher frequency of singing, listening to music, and dancing in the home and a lower frequency of playing instruments, performing music class activities, and composing or reading music. Most of the sample had participated in music during their lifetime but the vast majority of the participants did not engage in musical activities at the time of the study. They did, however, value music and attend musical events. Factor analysis of the PUMPS subsets revealed three factors for musical home environment (Music Interactions, Musical Materials, and Child Attendance at Musical Events), two factors related to parental music experience (Music Participation and Value of Music), and one factor related to Early Childhood Music Experiences. Several independent variables significantly predicted musical home environment factors. Musical Interactions were related to adult gender, child age, ethnicity, and parent valuing music. Musical materials in the home were related to parental musical participation and ethnicity, while no significant predictors were found for child attendance at musical events. Ethnicity, child age, parental musical participation, and musical materials accounted for 37.8% of the variance in composite musical home environment scores, yielding a medium effect size.
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Rundqvist, Elena. "The impact of location preferences on demographic characteristics. The case of Swedish family firms". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-14923.
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This paper presents the study of family firm demographic characteristics on the base of 415 Swedish family companies. The main purpose is to investigate if there is a connection between the location of a family company and its size, age and industrial sector. The results of the study showed some distinctions of the family firms located in rural areas. They are usually of smaller size compare to those from more urban areas. The prevailing types of activities of the rural family companies are manufacturing and wholesale whereas the urban family firms dominate in the service sector, especially in the branches demanding high level of education and technology. There was also an attempt made to detect the relationship between the location and the age but there was not found any prove for this relation to exist. Also there was found evidence that most of the Swedish family companies are situated in less urban and rural areas which is in line with the results of previous studies in this area.
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Shahid, Imran, i Syed Mubbasher Hassan. "Effects of Demographic Characteristics on Consumer’s Choice of Buying Green Products: An Empirical Study of Swedish Electricity Market : Can demographic characteristics of Swedish consumers, influence the choice of green electricity over conventional electricity?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12650.
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Title Effects of Demographic Characteristics on Consumer’s Choice of Buying Green Products: An Empirical Study of Swedish Electricity Market. Purpose Purpose of the research to study the consumer behaviour of the Swedish audiences based on different demographic characteristics i.e. age, gender, income status, educational level and area of residence. The information will be useful to know that how different target groups based on different demographic attributes, perceive and respond the green electricity programmes, which will helpful to study the consumer behaviour and marketing of green electricity in Sweden. Methodology This research is mainly based on quantitative research, method which deals with use of statistical tools and numbers. A part of this research is also based on qualitative research which emphases on in depth analysis of information and finding a conclusion from the information gathered. The data have collected through using both primary and secondary sources. This research is mainly based on quantitative pattern; hence the data have collected using primary sources; the questioners. The questionnaires were distribute among the people of different age groups, income status, number of persons living in a household, residential status and income status. The aim of this survey was to target the audiences from whole Sweden, but due to limited time the data has collected only from the inhabitants of Eskilstuna, Västerås, Kvicksund, Södetalje, Köping, Arboga and Stockholm. Analysis and findings For finding and analysis we have adopted a conceptual model to study the impacts of demographic characteristics on consumers’ choice of green electricity. This model leads to analysis according to findings from questionnaire and literature. Conclusion After careful compilation and analysing the results of our findings and with reference to the research topic of this thesis we have come to a conclusion that demographic characteristics (gender, age, income, education and area of residence) of Swedish consumers can influence their decision making to purchase green electricity.
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Lee, Audra Marshall Linda L. "Women's gender role attitudes association of demographic characteristics, work related factors, and life satisfaction /". [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3650.
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Pamula, Debra. "Environmental attitudes, knowledge, and behaviour and their relationship with demographic variables and personality characteristics /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsp186.pdf.
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Bone, Stephanie A. "Physical activity habits of adults in east central Indiana related to their demographic characteristics". Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1339141.
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In 1993, it was estimated that poor diet and physical inactivity lead to 300,000 deaths a year in the United States (52). In 1996, the first report on Physical Activity and Health by the Surgeon General was published (80). The major recommendation revealed by the Surgeon General Report was that every U.S. adult should accumulate a moderate amount of physical activity on most, preferably all, days of the week. Strong efforts to communicate the importance of physical activity to the United States population have been somewhat successful. However, trends still fall far short from the goal set forth by Healthy People 2010. Nearly 1 in 4 adults reported no leisure-time physical activity in 2004 (45). The goal is for 20% of the U.S. population to report no leisure-time physical inactivity by the year 2010 (79).It is evident that a large amount of physical activity data and statistics exist. However, physical activity has been traditionally assessed using self-report methods (67). In 1999, the Cooper Institute hosted a conference titled Measurement of Physical Activity. This conference brought leaders in physical activity assessment together with measurement specialists to discuss issues and future direction in physical activity assessment. It was a consensus among researchers that assessing physical activity is a challenging task confounded by various purposes for assessment, populations, and assessment methods. In addition, they found a strong need for the development of assessment devices with sound psychometric properties (89). Self-report instruments have been identified to have numerous reliability and validity limitations.The purpose of this study was to objectively measure the physical activity (pedometer counted steps per day) of adults in East Central Indiana and to assess how these results relate to demographic characteristics and general health indices. Pedometer-measured physical activity (steps) was recorded over a 7 day period and was compared to physical activity data from the IPAQ and to national data obtained via surveys. All subjects also completed a demographic survey.The percentage of subjects who were sedentary was 14.0% which is less than national data demonstrates. Mean steps/day were significantly associated with age, certain income levels, and marital status. An increase in age resulted in a decrease in the mean steps/day. Mean steps/day were also significantly less in the $25,000-$39,999 income level than the >$80,000 group. Those who were either single, divorced, or widowed completed significantly more steps/day than married subjects. Males participated in significantly more vigorous MET•min/week than females. Age was significantly negatively correlated with vigorous MET•min/week, and walking MET•min/week. BMI and income level were negatively correlated with walking MET•min/week. Non-married subjects participated in significantly more vigorous MET•min/week than non-married subjects. The IPAQ classifications were found to agree with the physical activity data from the pedometer measured data. However the relationship (Spearman correlation = 0.325) was relatively weak.School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Reyes, Silveyra Jorge A. "Modeling Epidemics on Structured Populations: Effects of Socio-demographic Characteristics and Immune Response Quality". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700011/.
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Epidemiologists engage in the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in human populations. Eventually, they will apply that study to prevent and control problems and contingencies associated with the health of the population. Due to the spread of new pathogens and the emergence of new bio-terrorism threats, it has become imperative to develop new and expand existing techniques to equip public health providers with robust tools to predict and control health-related crises. In this dissertation, I explore the effects caused in the disease dynamics by the differences in individuals’ physiology and social/behavioral characteristics. Multiple computational and mathematical models were developed to quantify the effect of those factors on spatial and temporal variations of the disease epidemics. I developed statistical methods to measure the effects caused in the outbreak dynamics by the incorporation of heterogeneous demographics and social interactions to the individuals of the population. Specifically, I studied the relationship between demographics and the physiological characteristics of an individual when preparing for an infectious disease epidemic.
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Bergan, Britta L. "Demographic Characteristics and Trauma Symptomology in Juvenile Justice Residents at Echo Glen Children's Center". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1459871411.
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Lee, Audra. "Women's Gender Role Attitudes: Association of Demographic Characteristics, Work Related Factors, and Life Satisfaction". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3650/.
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Factors related to women's gender role attitudes were assessed using data from a national survey in 1988 in which 3,507 members of the Young Women cohort were interviewed by phone. The demographic characteristics were education, age, marital status, and region of residence. Older women, married women, and those of Southern residence were hypothesized to have traditional gender role attitudes. These hypotheses were supported by the data (p &tn; .05, p &tn; .05, p &tn; .01, respectively). As hypothesized, those with high educational levels (p &tn; .01) had egalitarian attitudes. Four work related variables (labor force participation, hours worked at one's paid position, personal income, and earnings as percent of total family income) were hypothesized to relate to non-traditional gender role attitudes. Job dissatisfaction was hypothesized to relate to traditional gender role attitudes. Personal income (p &tn; .01) was related to non-traditional gender role attitudes. There was no relationship between labor force participation and hours worked at one's position and gender role attitudes. Percent of total family income (p &tn; .01) was related to traditional gender role attitudes, not egalitarian attitudes, and, as hypothesized, job dissatisfaction (p &tn; .05) was related to traditional gender role attitudes. Life dissatisfaction was hypothesized to relate to egalitarian attitudes; however (p &tn; .01) was associated with traditional, not egalitarian, gender role attitudes. When exploring practical reasons for women working, a negative relationship was found between Southern (p &tn; .01) residence and labor force participation (p &tn; .01) and practical reasons for women working. Higher educational levels (p &tn; .01) were positively related.
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Kizner, Scott R. "Intellectual, educational and demographic characteristics of students with learning disabilities and serious emotional disturbances". Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-160440/.
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Qui, Kuan-Yao. "Relationships among student demographic characteristics, student achievement, student satisfaction, and online business-course quality /". free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3052163.
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Botha, Hannchen. "Socio–demographic characteristics and antecedents associated with the career uncertainty of university students / H. Botha". Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6924.
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The changing work environment has caused individuals to revise and change their career decisions. This creates career uncertainty, which has become a widespread problem, particularly for students. When this problem is not addressed, it leads to career indecision, or less optimal choices which could influence career opportunities and quality of life. Career indecision could impact on organisations, resulting in problems such as person–job adjustment, lack of engagement and burnout. Although research on career uncertainty is available internationally, there is limited research on career uncertainty and its antecedents in the South African context. Career uncertainty can have short– and long–term effects on the individual. This study therefore contributes toward the gap in research on the antecedents of career uncertainty. Given that career uncertainty is a problem that individuals are constantly confronted with, it is important that the antecedents of this be investigated.
The objectives of this study were to 1) conceptualise the antecedents of career uncertainty according to the literature; 2) determine if socio–demographic characteristics (gender, career guidance, help from parents, help from other individuals and work experience) are significant predictors of career uncertainty; 3) determine if personality characteristics (self–esteem, self–efficacy and neuroticism) are significant predictors of career uncertainty; 4) determine if career decision–making difficulties are significant predictors of career uncertainty; 5) determine if student burnout and student engagement are significant predictors of career uncertainty; and 6) determine if academic performance is a significant predictor of career uncertainty.
A non–probability quota sample (N = 782) was used to investigate antecedents of career uncertainty in a sample of university students. Career uncertainty was measured by one item The changing work environment has caused individuals to revise and change their career decisions. This creates career uncertainty, which has become a widespread problem, particularly for students. When this problem is not addressed, it leads to career indecision, or less optimal choices which could influence career opportunities and quality of life. Career indecision could impact on organisations, resulting in problems such as person–job adjustment, lack of engagement and burnout. Although research on career uncertainty is available internationally, there is limited research on career uncertainty and its antecedents in the South African context. Career uncertainty can have short– and long–term effects on the individual. This study therefore contributes toward the gap in research on the antecedents of career uncertainty. Given that career uncertainty is a problem that individuals are constantly confronted with, it is important that the antecedents of this be investigated.
The objectives of this study were to 1) conceptualise the antecedents of career uncertainty according to the literature; 2) determine if socio–demographic characteristics (gender, career guidance, help from parents, help from other individuals and work experience) are significant predictors of career uncertainty; 3) determine if personality characteristics (self–esteem, self–efficacy and neuroticism) are significant predictors of career uncertainty; 4) determine if career decision–making difficulties are significant predictors of career uncertainty; 5) determine if student burnout and student engagement are significant predictors of career uncertainty; and 6) determine if academic performance is a significant predictor of career uncertainty.
A non–probability quota sample (N = 782) was used to investigate antecedents of career uncertainty in a sample of university students. Career uncertainty was measured by one item consisting of four categories: I am very sure; I know exactly what career I will pursue (n = 228), I am fairly sure what career I will pursue (n = 416), I am not sure at all which career I will pursue (n = 135) and I do not plan to follow a career (n = 3). For the objective of the study, categories one and two were grouped together with participants who were fairly certain which career they would follow, while participants in category three represented participants who were uncertain. Category four was not included as only three participants within that category answered. In total, 644 students were (fairly) certain, while 135 were uncertain. These two groups were enclosed as a dependent variable in the logistic regression.
The results of this study showed that work experience influences career uncertainty to some extent. This is supported by previous research. Furthermore, it was found that self–esteem also influences career uncertainty to some degree. However, these two variables were only significant in the first steps of the logistic regression. Furthermore, the results showed that career decision–making difficulties share a significant relationship with career uncertainty. The study also found that significant antecedents of career uncertainty include: a lack of information about the decision–making process; a lack of information about occupations; inconsistent information due to internal conflict; a lack of information about ways of obtaining information; and inconsistent information due to external conflict. In conclusion, exhaustion, cynicism and dedication were also found to be significant antecedents of career uncertainty. Based on these results, this study suggests that student burnout and student engagement influence an individual’s level of career uncertainty.
Recommendations were made for practice as well as for future research.Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Majikijela, Yamkela. "Participation of African migrants in the labour force of South Africa : are there structural changes from 2001 to 2011?" University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4865.
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Magister Philosophiae - MPhilThis thesis examines the distribution of African migrants across the different segments of the labour force in South Africa. The specific objective of this study is to demonstrate that there has been structural changes from 2001 to 2011 in the deployment of African immigrants in terms of occupation, employment sector, income groups just to name a few. Studies that have been recorded using the 2001 population census suggest that the South African labour market attracts majority of African migrants that are not highly qualified. The proposed study makes use of the 2011 population census to evaluate the extent to which the situation has changed or whether it remained the same between the two periods. The assumption underlying this study is that, over time the magnitude of qualified migrants has improved. As far as African migration is concerned, to capture the structural changes during the ten-year period (2001 to 2011) this study focuses on variables such as demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. To profile changes in the participation of African migrants, this study makes use of the 2001 and 2011 national population census data. Furthermore, statistical packages are used to test the relationship between variables. Policy document about migration are also used to provide the legislated framework with regards to the involvement of foreign labour in the South African labour force. The geographical scope of the study is national meaning it covers all nine provinces of South Africa.
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Heyne, Chad M. "An analysis of the relationship between economic development and demographic characteristics in the United States". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/438.
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Over the past several decades there has been extensive research done in an attempt to determine what demographic characteristics affect economic growth, measured in GDP per capita. Understanding what influences the growth of a country will vastly help policy makers enact policies to lead the country in a positive direction. This research focuses on isolating a new variable, women in the work force. As well as isolating a new variable, this research will modify a preexisting variable that was shown to be significant in order to make the variable more robust and sensitive to recessions. The intent of this thesis is to explore the relationship between several demographic characteristics and their effect on the growth rate of GDP per capita. The first step is to reproduce the work done by Barlow (1994) to ensure that the United States follows similar rules as the countries in his research. Afterwards, we will introduce new variables into the model, comparing the goodness of fit through the methods of R-squared, AIC and BIC. There have been several models developed to answer each of the research questions independently.B.S.
Bachelors
Sciences
Statistics
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McCullough, Joy Diane. "Demographic and biographic characteristics of prospective teacher educators and their motives for becoming teacher educators /". The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487776801319637.
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Morgan, Sharla E. "Relationship of Demographic Characteristics and BMI with Health Literacy in Pacific Islander Care-Giving Adults". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3652.
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Purpose: Health literacy and obesity are major global issues. Vulnerable populations, such as those with low health literacy, have the highest rates of obesity. Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) nations have the highest prevalence of obesity in the world. This study describes the relationship between health literacy and demographic variables in a sample of NHOPI caregiving adults. Methods: We conducted a correlational study of 364 NHOPI adults. Each was a caregiver of at least one NHOPI child. Data were collected at grocery stores and a preschool in two Hawaiian Islands (n=209) and at NHOPI events in Utah (n=155). Our questionnaire included demographics, the Newest Vital Sign, and questions about caregivers' food-serving and activity promotion. Results: 45% of the sample had limited health literacy. There was no significant difference between participants' health literacy in Hawaii and Utah. Other demographic variables (gender, age, income, BMI, and education) had a significant relationship with health literacy. Conclusions: Many NHOPIs have limited health literacy. This is concerning as limited health literacy can reduce an adults' ability to use health-related materials including nutrition facts labels.Implications for Practice: Health care providers should not assume NHOPIs understand nutrition facts labels. Instruction on nutrition facts labels should be available in schools and communities. Future research should examine effective interventions for this population.