Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Demand approach

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Demand approach”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 1 lutego 2022

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Demand approach"

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Janda, K., J. Mikolášek i M. Netuka. "Complete almost ideal demand system approach to the Czech alcohol demand". Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 56, No. 9 (21.09.2010): 421–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/117/2009-agricecon.

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Tax interventions into alcohol beverages market are an important and recently discussed tool of the Czech fiscal policy. The impact of any such measure would be strongly dependent on the microeconomic behavior of the consumers. The aim of this paper is to provide a reliable set of income, own-price, and cross-price elasticities of demand for the key alcohol beverages based on the Almost Ideal Demand System model applied on the most relevant Czech data set of the Household Budget Statistics.
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Fisher, Douglas. "Money-Demand Variability: A Demand-Systems Approach". Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 10, nr 2 (kwiecień 1992): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1391673.

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Fisher, Douglas. "Money-Demand Variability: A Demand-Systems Approach". Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 10, nr 2 (kwiecień 1992): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.1992.10509894.

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Li, Sheng, Richard Vogel i Nanda Viswanathan. "Demand for saltwater recreational fishing: A generalized demand approach". Ocean & Coastal Management 179 (wrzesień 2019): 104820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.104820.

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Westcott, R. "A scenario approach to demand forecasting". Water Supply 4, nr 3 (1.06.2004): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2004.0042.

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The Environment Agency's 2001 national water resources strategy, Water resources for the future, provides a secure framework for the management of water that protects the long-term future of the water environment while encouraging sustainable development. Underpinning the strategy are a suite of scenario based forecasts developed to explore the impact of key drivers of demand within different sectors of water use across England and Wales. This paper explains the approach used to produce these forecasts, summarises how the individual components of demand were considered and highlights opportunities for future application and development of this approach. Using the premise that total water demand can mask conflicting trends between sectors, it is essential to consider each sector and its micro-components independently to understand the specific drivers of demand and consequently determine how these might best be managed. Four scenarios reflecting different possible futures of socio-economic and governmental structure were created to test “how”, “why” and “where” these water demands may change by 2025. Such an approach provides an opportunity to test the implications of macro drivers of demand, such as, economic growth and regulatory reform, on the micro-components of water use, linking disparate sectors to a common set of assumptions about the future.
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Thiagarajan, Rajesh, Mustafizur Rahman, Don Gossink i Greg Calbert. "A Data Mining Approach To Improve Military Demand Forecasting". Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research 4, nr 3 (1.07.2014): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jaiscr-2015-0009.

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Abstract Accurately forecasting the demand of critical stocks is a vital step in the planning of a military operation. Demand prediction techniques, particularly autocorrelated models, have been adopted in the military planning process because a large number of stocks in the military inventory do not have consumption and usage rates per platform (e.g., ship). However, if an impending military operation is (significantly) different from prior campaigns then these prediction models may under or over estimate the demand of critical stocks leading to undesired operational impacts. To address this, we propose an approach to improve the accuracy of demand predictions by combining autocorrelated predictions with cross-correlated demands of items having known per-platform usage rates. We adopt a data mining approach using sequence rule mining to automatically determine cross-correlated demands by assessing frequently co-occurring usage patterns. Our experiments using a military operational planning system indicate a considerable reduction in the prediction errors across several categories of military supplies.
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Laurila, Ilkka P. "Demand for food products in Finland: A demand system approach". Agricultural and Food Science 3, nr 4 (1.07.1994): 315–420. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72709.

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The study was concerned with the estimation of food-demand parameters in a system context. The patterns of food consumption in Finland were presented over the period 1950-1991, and a complete demand system of food expenditures was estimated. Price and expenditure elasticities of demand were derived, and the results were used to obtain projections on future consumption. While the real expenditure on food has increased, the budget share of food has decreased. In the early 19505, combined Food-at-Home and Food-away-from-Home corresponded to about 40% of consumers’ total expenditure. In 1991 the share was 28%. There was a shift to meals eaten outside the home. While the budget share of Food-away-from-Home increased from 3% to 7% over the observation period, Food-at-Home fell from 37% to 21%, and Food-at-Home excluding Alcoholic Drinks fell from 34% to 16%. Within Food-at-Home, the budget shares of the broad aggregate groups, Animalia (food from animal sources), Beverages, and Vegetablia (food from vegetable sources), remained about the same over the four decades, while structural change took place within the aggregates. Within Animalia, consumption shifted from Dairy Products (other than Fresh Milk) to Meat and Fish. Within Beverages, consumption shifted from Fresh Milk and Hot Drinks to Alcoholic Drinks and Soft Drinks. Within Vegetablia, consumption shifted from Flour to Fruits, while the shares of Bread and Cake and Vegetables remained about the same. As the complete demand system, the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) was employed. The conventional AIDS was extended by developing a dynamic generalisation of the model and allowing for systematic shifts in structural relationships over time. A four-stage budgeting system was specified, consisting of seven sub-systems (groups), and covering 18 food categories. Tests on parameter restrictions and misspecification tests were used to choose the most preferred model specification for each group. Generally, the estimated models did not satisfy the Slutsky conditions. The goodness-of-fit measures were good, and, compared to static specifications, dynamics usually provided a better fit. The misspecification tests indicated that the dynamic specification was correct, but some form of misspecification was found. The structural change in parameters indicated that the modelling failed to track a stable preference structure - if there is one. The estimated demand system was employed in projecting the future consumption of food products in Finland to the year 2000. The approach was to choose a certain change in the real total consumption expenditure and alternative sets of relative prices for the forecast period. Four different options of price variables were defined. Three of the options relied on the historical price trends recorded in Finland, whereas one option measured the expected consequences of Finland's possible membership in the European Union. A predicted consequence of the membership in the European Union is that the share of food in consumers’ budget would decrease. The expected decrease is somewhat faster than the decrease that would take place if future price developments were based on the historical trends. If Finland joins the Union, the budget share of Food-at-Home would decrease from 21% in 1991 to 18% in 2000, whereas the budget share of Food-at-Home excluding Alcoholic Drinks would decrease from 16% in 1991 to 14% in 2000.
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Brown, Mark G., Jonq-Ying Lee i James L. Seale. "Demand Relationships Among Juice Beverages: A Differential Demand System Approach". Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 26, nr 2 (grudzień 1994): 417–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800026341.

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AbstractNielsen ScanTrack data were used to study how income and prices influenced consumer juice beverage demand in the United States during the period from 1988-89 through 1991-92. Alternative differential demand models combining the features of the Rotterdam model and the almost ideal demand system (AIDS) were tested. Results indicate the CBS type demand responses describe consumer behavior better than the other specifications for this particular data set.
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Capt, Tallen, Ali Mirchi, Saurav Kumar i W. Shane Walker. "Urban Water Demand: Statistical Optimization Approach to Modeling Daily Demand". Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 147, nr 2 (luty 2021): 04020105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0001315.

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Aksoy, H. Kıvanc, i Asli Guner. "A Bayesian Approach to Demand Estimation". Procedia Economics and Finance 26 (2015): 777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00844-8.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Demand approach"

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MacLean, Thomas Frank. "Asymmetric demand for energy : a cointegration approach /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7494.

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Bowbrick, Peter. "A critique of Lancaster's approach to the economics of quality : an agricultural economics approach". Thesis, Brunel University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239098.

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Ertem. "Demand Driven Disassembly Planning". Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608169/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, we deal with the demand driven disassembly planning. The main aim of the study is to construct heuristic approaches according to the suggested improvements in the literature. These heuristic approaches are further improved by recognizing the key points of the disassembly planning problem. All of the solution approaches aim minimizing total cost related to relevant costs of disassembly operations. Another subject given attention in this thesis is the importance of the setup cost on the disassembly planning, which has not been studied yet in the literature to the best of our knowledge. Computational studies are carried out to assess the performance of the heuristic procedures proposed.
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TORRINI, FABIANO CASTRO. "LONG-TERM ELECTRICITY DEMAND FORECAST BY FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=26974@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
O consumo de energia elétrica no Brasil tem sido amplamente discutido nos últimos tempos. A crise do abastecimento de energia em 2001, fez com que o Governo Federal tomasse uma série de medidas para tentar corrigir os erros do modelo em vigência. Hoje, entende-se que a situação do setor energético é delicada, fazendo com que o risco de um novo racionamento volte a ser considerado. Neste contexto, as companhias de energia estão se deparando com o desafio de obter previsões de carga mais precisas. Consequentemente, uma vez que esta demanda encontra-se inserida em um cenário instável de economia, estas estimativas requerem métodos mais eficientes e inovadores. O objetivo principal deste estudo é fornecer uma nova abordagem para o problema de previsão do consumo de eletricidade. A metodologia de lógica fuzzy é proposta com o objetivo de extrair regras das variáveis de entrada e fornecer previsões de longo prazo para a demanda de eletricidade no Brasil. Através da modelagem estatística, a identificação das estruturas de dependência e defasagens entre estas variáveis, fornece suporte para os modelos independentes com previsões anuais. A grande vantagem dos modelos de lógica fuzzy vem da habilidade destes de imitar o pensamento humano em cenários de incerteza e imprecisão. Na literatura recente, a formulação destes tipos de modelo tem se limitado a tratar as variáveis explicativas de maneira univariada, ou então envolvendo somente o PIB. Este trabalho propõe a extensão do modelo desenvolvido na literatura, começando com variáveis como a população do Brasil e o valor adicionado do PIB por estados e setores, juntamente com suas variações. Com isso, o modelo proposto será comparado com a formulação oficial vigente fornecida pela EPE.
The consumption of electricity in Brazil has been widely discussed recently. The energy supply crisis in 2001 forced the Federal Government to take a series of measures trying to fix the actual model. Nowadays, it is understood that the energy sector is going through bad times, making the risk of a new rationg plan be considered. In this context, energy companies are facing the challenge of making more accurate load forecast. Consequently, once this need is inserted into a scenario of unstable economy, these estimates require efficient methods combined with innovative features.The aim of this study is to provide a new approach to this electricity prediction problem. A Fuzzy logic methodology is proposed in order to extract rules from the input variables and provide Brazil s Long-term annual electricity demand forecasts. From a statistical modeling point of view, an identification of dependence and lags structure between the input variables provide support for independent models with annual estimates. The advantage of the fuzzy logic model lies on the ability to mimic the human thinking in an environment of uncertainty and imprecision. In recent literature, the formulation of these types of models has been limited to treating the explanatory variables in the univariate form, or involving only the GDP. This study proposes an extension of this model, starting with the Brazilian population and the additional value of the state GDP by sectors with their variations. Then, the proposed model is compared with the official formulation provided by EPE.
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Bowman, John L. (John Lawrence). "The day activity schedule approach to travel demand analysis". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16731.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-184) and index.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
This study develops a model of a person's day activity schedule that can be used to forecast urban travel demand. It is motivated by the notion that travel outcomes are part of an activity scheduling decision, and uses discrete choice models to address the basic modeling problem-capturing decision interactions among the many choice dimensions of the immense activity schedule choice set. An integrated system of choice models represents a person's day activity schedule as an activity pattern and a set of tours. A pattern model identifies purposes, priorities and structure of the day's activities and travel. Conditional tour models describe timing, location and access mode of on-tour activities. The system captures trade-offs people consider, when faced with space and time constraints, among patterns that can include at-home and on-tour activities, multiple tours and trip chaining. It captures sensitivity of pattern choice to activity and travel conditions through a measure of expected tour utility arising from the tour models. When travel and activity conditions change, the relative attractiveness of patterns changes because expected tour utility changes differently for different patterns. An empirical implementation of the model system for Portland, Oregon, establishes the feasibility of specifying, estimating and using it for forecasting. Estimation results match a priori expectations of lifestyle effects on activity selection, including those of (a) household structure and role, such as for females with children, (b) capabilities, such as income, and (c) activity commitments, such as usual work levels.
(cont.) They also confirm the significance of activity and travel accessibility in pattern choice. Application of the model with road pricing and other policies demonstrates its lifestyle effects and how it captures pattern shifting-with accompanying travel changes-that goes undetected by more narrowly focused trip-based and tour-based systems. Although the model has not yet been validated in before-and-after prediction studies, this study gives strong evidence of its behavioral soundness, current practicality, potential to generate cost-effective predictions superior to those of the best existing systems, and potential for enhanced implementations as computing technology advances.
by John L. Bowman.
Ph.D.
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Erlandsson, Vilhelm, i Erik Åkerblom. "Demand for Transportationin Circular Businesses : A System Dynamic approach". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300178.

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One of the largest challenges’ mankind is currently facing has been recognized to be climate change. Moving towards climate neutrality, decoupling economic growth from resource use, and at the same time ensuring long-term competitiveness becomes highly important. A possible path to decrease our impact on the environment is to switch from linear to circular material flows, which is today referred to as a circular economy. In a circular economy, assets that are being reused will induce a demand for transportation. Understanding how the transportation demand could be affected is important, since the sector is widely known through its environmental impact causing impaired life expectancy in many parts of the world. This study examines therefore variables in circular businesses that could affect transportation demand both directly and indirectly. These variables have been identified by interviewing eight businesses that employ repair & reuse configurations in a circular context. The study concludes that transportation could be affected in numerous ways, depending on the system's future development. If the current linear paradigm still governs the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), it will be hard to increase the amount of viable products circulating in the system. The current paradigm has been recognized to be a large barrier due to the high uncertainty of OEMs continuance in a transition to a circular economy. If OEM collaboration could be increased extensively, the system could increase its growth. Further, customer behaviour has also been identified to be a driver for both increasing and decreasing transportation in the system. Increasing the amount of viable products circulating in a circular system comes naturally, as the trade-off in Co2-emissions between increased transportation and newly produced products is prominent. Having such a holistic view argues for the implementation, but the system still has implications regarding sustainability. As the trade-off is continuously made, demand for transportation will be increasing as the system grows. Looking at this from the perspective of the transportation industry, such implementation could make it harder to decrease its Co2-emissions with 70% by 2030, which is the goal set by the Swedish government.
De pågående klimatförändringarna är en av vår tids största utmaningar. Att minska resursanvändningen och samtidigt bibehålla samhällets ekonomiska tillväxt ses därför som väsentligt för att nå ökad klimatneutralitet. Till följd av detta har den cirkulära ekonomin utvecklats där linjära produktflöden ersätts av cirkulära. Skiftet till cirkulära flöden kommer troligen bidra till ett nytt transportbehov då produkter i större utsträckning byter användare. Att förstå och kunna redogöra hur det uppkomna transportbehovet ser ut är av betydelse då transportsektorn i sig utgör en stor utmaning i arbetet med att minska den totala klimatpåverkan. Denna studie ämnar därför att studera åtta cirkulära företag och dess verksamheter för att identifiera centrala variabler som har en direkt eller indirekt påverkan på behovet av transporter. Studien visar på att transportbehovet kan tänkas påverkas på olika sätt beroende hur det cirkulära systemet utvecklas framöver. Om det linjära paradigmet fortsätter att gynna originaltillverkare, tillika produkttillverkare, kommer det bli svårt för det cirkulära systemet att uppnå några betydande volymer. Det linjära systemet har identifierats vara en barriär då det förblir osäkert till vilken grad produkttillverkare är redo att bidra till de nya cirkulära flödena. Om tillverkare blir mer öppna och möjliggör för externa aktörer att reparera och hantera deras produkter så spås de cirkulära flödena öka. Vidare så har kundbeteende identifierats som en drivande faktor som både kan leda till en ökad och minskad mängd transporter inom det cirkulära systemet. Att öka mängden cirkulerande produkter kommer naturligt eftersom utsläppsnyttan är betydande vid jämförelse av ökade transporter och nytillverkning av produkter. Helhetsperspektivet argumenterar således för att öka cirkulära produktflöden. En ökad mängd cirkulära produkter kan dock innebära stora utmaningar för transportsektorn och dess förmåga att nå de uppsatta klimatmålen.
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Eriksson, Niclas. "Predicting demand in districtheating systems : A neural network approach". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för beräkningsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175082.

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To run a district heating system as efficiently as possible correct unit-commitmentdecisions has to be made and in order to make those decisions a good forecast ofheat demand for the coming planning period is necessary. With a high quality forecastthe need for backup power and the risk for a too high production are lowered. Thisthesis takes a neural network approach to load forecasting and aims to provide asimple, yet powerful, tool that can provide accurate load forecasts from existingproduction data without the need for extensive model building.The developed software is tested using real life data from two co-generation plantsand the conclusion is that when the quality of the raw data is good, the software canproduce very good forecasting results.
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Feehan, Patrick Joseph. "Attendance demand for soccer : a spatial cross-sectional approach". Thesis, University of Salford, 2002. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26673/.

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The cost of a return journey to a soccer match can often be comparable to, or even exceed, the admission price. However, in spite of the importance of travel costs, previous studies on the demand for live soccer generally exclude travel costs from the analysis. The thesis explores the consequences of this omission and shows that the likely effect is to bias estimates of the ticket price elasticity downwards. The thesis also argues that the previous estimates of the ticket price and income elasticities are likely to be biased due to generic problems with the time series approach and methodological problems with particular pooled studies. To overcome these problems, the travel cost methodology, developed in the economics of outdoor recreation, is adapted to permit analysis of demand relationships in professional soccer. Attendance at Premier League matches is modelled as a function of travel costs and other factors, such as the admission price and consumer income, using data from a national fan survey. From the results, ticket price elasticities are estimated that are more consistent with profit maximisation than previous estimates. Subsequent analysis on the relationship between attendance and income distinguishes between the decision to become a fan and, given that one is a fan, the question of the number of games to attend in a season. The first decision is shown to be positively related to income, via a social class proxy, and the second decision unrelated to income, giving a positive income elasticity of demand.
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Merino, Castelló Anna. "The Demand for Pharmaceutical Drugs: a Theoretical and Empirical Approach". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7416.

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A pesar de las ventajas económicas que a priori ofrecen los medicamentos genéricos, su tasa de penetración en el territorio nacional no alcanza de cuota de mercado de los correspondientes productos de marca. Una de las justificaciones con más peso en la literatura es la incertidumbre que generan los genéricos entre pacientes y profesionales sanitarios y que les convierten en reacios a cambiar de un medicamento de marca de esta baja penetración de los genéricos enfocándose en el comportamiento de los médicos y/o farmacéuticos y todos ellos usan datos de preferencias reveladas para examinar el papel que juegan los expertos en el proceso por el que los pacientes reciben a bien un producto de marca o un genérico. Por el contrario, este trabajo, analiza directamente las preferencias de los consumidores por productos de marca o genéricos usando técnicas de preferencias declaradas basadas en una encuesta y modelos de elección discreta para la estimación. En particular , esta tesis analiza la demanda de medicamentos desde varias perspectivas. El primer capítulo explora, desde un punto de vista teórico, el impacto de los precios de referencia en la demanda de genéricos versus productos de marca y en las estrategias de precio de las empresas farmacéuticas. El segundo capítulo utiliza preferencias declaradas con el objetivo de estimar la importancia de la inducción de la profesinales sanitarios y de la fidelidad a la marca en el proceso de decisión entre medicamentos comerciales en una farmacia. Finalmente , el tercer capítulo procede a comparar empíricamente dos modelos de elección discreta que difieren en la escala de medida de la variable dependiente.
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Nosier, Shereen Adel Hassan. "Estimating the international tourism demand for Egypt : 'an econometric approach'". Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6861.

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The thesis aims to identify the main factors that significantly affect tourism demand for Egypt. Both time series data and panel data are used to model and forecast tourism demand for Egypt from all origins, as well as three individual regions of origin, including Europe, Arab and the Americas. The methodological and econometric approaches introduced in this thesis proceed from the simple to the more complex structure to obtain more reliable estimation. First, we estimate tourism demand for Egypt using the co-integration and error correction (CI/ECM) approach based on a single equation, followed by using a system of equations approach over the period 1970-2009. All the estimated econometric methods, in addition to two univariate time series methods, are used to generate ex-post forecasting for all the models over the period 2005-2009. The preferred method is used in producing ex-ante forecasting of future tourism demand for Egypt for the period 2010-2014. Panel co-integration techniques are also used to estimate tourism demand models over the period 1980-2009. Finally, the causality relationship between tourism demand and its economic determinants is estimated based on panel data analysis, which may provide more guidance for policy makers in Egypt. The results indicate that tourism demand for Egypt is found to be co-integrated with its fundamental determinants at the 1% significance level, with a high adjustment speed toward the steady state equilibrium. The importance of long-run income for all tourists from different nationalities is affirmed; with an elastic demand for non-Arab tourists. Price is also an important determinant, with a different effect in each originating region. It takes less than unity value for all tourists, except the Arab. Tunisia is found to be the most significant alternative to Egypt, with a complementary effect for Europe and the Americas tourists, but substitutability effect for Arab tourists. Hotel capacity is a significant and positive factor for all nationalities, except the Americas. Globalization is important in all models; it has a positive effect for all non-Arab nationalities. Political instability has a significant and negative effect, with the most effect on the Americas. All the determinants Granger cause tourist arrivals in the long run, but globalization and hotel capacity are of great importance with a bidirectional effect with tourist arrivals. Ex-post forecasting results show that the CI/ECMs outperform the other time series methods and produce highly accurate forecasts. The number of arrivals and nights from all origin markets is likely to increase in absolute terms (2010-2014), but with slower growth than recent trend.
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Książki na temat "Demand approach"

1

Rinaldi, Roberto. Money demand in Italy: A system approach. Rome: Banca d'Italia, 1996.

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1955-, Moon Mark A., red. Sales forecasting management: A demand management approach. Wyd. 2. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 2005.

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Gutierrez, A. P. Applied population ecology: A supply-demand approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.

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A monetary approach to systems of demand equations. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1985.

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Demand-driven forecasting: A structured approach to forecasting. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2009.

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Moosa, I. A. The demand for money in India: A cointegration approach. Sheffield: Sheffield University, ManagementSchool, 1992.

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Andersen, Palle Schelde. The stability of money demand functions: An alternative approach. Basle: Bank for International Settlement, Monetary and Economic Dept., 1985.

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Fox, Jeremy T. Identifying demand with multidimensional unobservables: A random functions approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011.

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Andersen, Palle S. The stability of money demand functions: An alternative approach. Basle: Bank for International Settlements, 1985.

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Glen, David. Modelling the demand for alcoholic drinks: A cointegrated approach. London: Polytechnic of West London, 1991.

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Części książek na temat "Demand approach"

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Beyer, Dirk, Feng Cheng, Suresh P. Sethi i Michael Taksar. "Vanishing Discount Approach Versus Stationary Distribution Approach". W Markovian Demand Inventory Models, 179–207. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71604-6_9.

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Heo, Wookjae. "Practical Approach: Practical Approach to Personal Needs of Life Insurance with Dynamic Systemic Framework". W The Demand for Life Insurance, 65–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36903-3_4.

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To, T. P. Jimmy, i Babak Hamidzadeh. "A Dynamic Approach to VOD Scheduling". W Interactive Video-On-Demand Systems, 23–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5635-0_4.

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Fuchs-Seliger, Susanne. "Compensated Demand and Inverse Demand Functions: A Duality Approach". W Advances in Public Economics: Utility, Choice and Welfare, 51–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-25706-3_4.

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Serletis, Apostolos. "The Nonparametric Approach to the Demand for Monetary Assets". W The Demand for Money, 201–11. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3320-4_15.

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Serletis, Apostolos. "The Parametric Approach to the Demand for Monetary Assets". W The Demand for Money, 213–21. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3320-4_16.

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Thompson, Neil. "The Mean-Variance Approach". W Portfolio Theory and the Demand for Money, 4–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22827-0_2.

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Du, Pengwei, Ning Lu i Haiwang Zhong. "Basic Control Approach for Aggregated Demand Response Programs". W Demand Response in Smart Grids, 51–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19769-8_3.

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Swinand, Gregory, Hugh Hennessy i Graeme O’Meara. "A Demand System Approach to Affordability". W Postal and Delivery Innovation in the Digital Economy, 115–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12874-0_9.

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Adhikari, Nimai Chand Das, Nishanth Domakonda, Chinmaya Chandan, Gaurav Gupta, Rajat Garg, S. Teja, Lalit Das i Ashutosh Misra. "An Intelligent Approach to Demand Forecasting". W International Conference on Computer Networks and Communication Technologies, 167–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8681-6_17.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Demand approach"

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Butlin, N. "IET Demand response". W IET Conference on Power in Unity: a Whole System Approach. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2013.0160.

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Threlfall, R. "Demand Side Management For Industrial Consumers". W IET Conference on Power in Unity: a Whole System Approach. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2013.0163.

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Yu, Mengmeng, Seung Ho Hong i Jong Beom Kim. "Incentive-based demand response approach for aggregated demand side participation". W 2016 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm.2016.7778737.

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Khan, Zafar A., i Dilan Jayaweera. "Approach for forecasting smart customer demand with significant energy demand variability". W 2018 1st International Conference on Power, Energy and Smart Grid (ICPESG). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpesg.2018.8384528.

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Steele, Robert F., i Sal DellaVilla. "Demand Based Reliability: A Proposed Measurement Approach". W ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0525.

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Significant change is taking place in the power generation market. We are witnessing structural change as we move to a deregulated and competitive global market. And we can also see significant technological change, as new products are driven towards improved efficiencies, greater output and environmental friendliness. Measuring the impact of these changes in terms of efficiency, output and reduced emissions is a straightforward exercise, and the ability to judge if the change has been positive is relatively objective. However, these structural and technological changes have created challenges in terms of reliability and availability measurements. • First, our measurement approach is obsolete and has no consideration for duty cycle… The demand, the mission profile, which must be achieved for the unit to meet its economic contribution value, is the single most important issue for power producers today. • Second, if the measurements have no consideration for the demand that the unit must meet, then the measure is not tied to the profitability of the plant, and therefore the operators are forced to use non-standard measures to accommodate management reporting. • And third, the strong relationship between effective plant operations and profitability demands “real time” data gathering from the unit control or plant DCS, and transformation of the data points into meaningful information for effective decision support, specifically related to the availability and reliability of systems, components, and the full plant, with a specific focus on measuring “demand” based availability and reliability. This paper addresses the issue and the opportunities associated with developing both new standard for measuring demand related reliability and availability, as well as the focus on “real time” data capture.
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Jayadev, V., i K. S. Swarup. "Optimization of Microgrid with Demand Side Management using Genetic Algorithm". W IET Conference on Power in Unity: a Whole System Approach. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2013.0124.

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Sabolish, Michael, Ahmed Amer i Thomas M. Kroeger. "A distributed approach to taming peak demand". W 2012 International Green Computing Conference (IGCC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igcc.2012.6322286.

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Musa, Wahab, Ku Ruhana Ku-Mahamud i Azman Yasin. "Hybrid optimization approach to estimate random demand". W 2012 International Conference on Computer & Information Science (ICCIS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccisci.2012.6297292.

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Takai, Shun, Swithin S. Razu i Tae G. Yang. "An Approach Toward Making a Design Decision Based on Future Demand Prediction". W ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47493.

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This paper presents an approach for modeling uncertainty of future demand according to a forecast of an influential exogenous variable, which serves as the first step toward making a product design decisions based on future demand prediction. Optimum product design that maximizes expected profit or expected utility of profit depends on future demand influenced by future exogenous variables (i.e., economic, societal, and political variables beyond designers’ control). For example, an optimum design among gasoline, hybrid, electric, and fuel cell vehicles may depend on economic variables such as future gasoline prices, societal variables such as future climate change, and political variables such as future government standards for fuel-efficient vehicles. However, in particular for large-scaled and complex products, designers quite often make design decisions many years before the product is introduced to the marketplace without knowing future exogenous variables. To enable designers to make design decisions according to predicted demands, this study proposes to link demand distributions with exogenous variables and update demand distributions based on exogenous variable forecasts and their degrees of accuracies. An illustrative example is used to demonstrate impacts of exogenous variable forecasts and their accuracies on future demand prediction and expected profit calculation of a fuel cell vehicle.
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Zhao, Tingting. "A Corrected Hybrid Approach for Electricity Demand Forecasting". W 2015 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Big Data and Cloud Computing (BDCloud). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bdcloud.2015.39.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Demand approach"

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Koijen, Ralph S. J., i Motohiro Yogo. A Demand System Approach to Asset Pricing. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, listopad 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21749.

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Fox, Jeremy, i Amit Gandhi. Identifying Demand with Multidimensional Unobservables: A Random Functions Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, listopad 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17557.

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Beatty, Tim, i Ian Crawford. How demanding is the revealed preference approach to demand. Institute for Fiscal Studies, czerwiec 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2010.1710.

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Dutt, Nikil, Rajesh Gupta, Alex Nicolau i Alex Veidenbaum. COPPER: Compiler-Controlled On-Demand Approach to Power-Efficient Computing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, wrzesień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418787.

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Breyer, Elizabeth. Household Water Demand and Land Use Context: A Multilevel Approach. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1669.

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Diewert, W. Erwin. Export Supply and Import Demand Functions: A Production Theory Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, sierpień 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2011.

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Mattson, Jeremy. Demand for Intercity Bus Services Innovative Approach to Estimating Demand for Intercity Bus Services in Rural Environment. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida, kwiecień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/cutr-nctr-rr-2015-13.

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Grossman, Michael, Frank Chaloupka i Charles Brown. The Demand for Cocaine by Young Adults: A Rational Addiction Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, sierpień 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w5713.

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Holtz-Eakin, Douglas, i Harvey Rosen. Municipal Labor Demand in the Presence of Uncertainty: An Econometric Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, listopad 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3516.

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Benkard, C. Lanier, i Patrick Bajari. Demand Estimation with Heterogeneous Consumers and Unobserved Product Characteristics: A Hedonic Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, luty 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10278.

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