Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Deflection

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Deflection”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Deflection"

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Umasankar, G., i C. R. Mischke. "A Simple Numerical Method for Determining the Sensitivity of Bending Deflections of Stepped Shafts to Dimensional Changes". Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 107, nr 1 (1.01.1985): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3274706.

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A simple method of computing the effect of a dimensional change at a particular element of a stepped shaft on two bearings, on bending deflections, and on slopes of the neutral axis at any of the nodes of interest is presented. The changes in deflection and slope of the neutral axis are derived as incremental quantities and as functions of the dimension change and the prior deflections and slopes of the neutral axis of the shaft. For shaft synthesis, the implications are that one can begin with a uniform diameter bar subjected to the loading and make a complete deflection analysis with superposed closed-form relations. Then the geometry can be modified element by element and the deflectional changes easily updated. This is computationally efficient. Further, deflections and deflection changes computed using the proposed method are identical to those obtained using a finite beam element model of the shaft.
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Shi, Shao Yan, Yi Jiang i Xiao Tong Dong. "Deflecting Features of Gas from Double-Faced Deflector and Structure Optimization of Deflector". Applied Mechanics and Materials 387 (sierpień 2013): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.387.314.

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This paper uses three-dimensional dynamical simulation of gas jet to demonstrate basic deflecting features of the double-faced deflector, during the launch process of the land-based missile with the vehicle-mounted vertically thermal launch. The calculation shows that the deflection of the gas flow is good, reducing knock-on effect and ablative effect on launch device. But wheels of the launch vehicle are still under visible influent from the gas flow. The paper optimizes the double-faced deflector and compares different suggestions in order to find a better deflection.
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D. G., Verbylo. "Study the deformation behavior of materials under bending". Uspihi materialoznavstva 2023, nr 6 (1.06.2023): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/materials2023.06.075.

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The application of bending tests is due to the widespread use of this load scheme in real operating conditions and its greater softness compared to tensile strength. This makes it possible to assess the properties of materials that are brittle when tensile. Bending tests are convenient for estimating the transition temperatures from brittle to plastic (for example, in cold-brittle BCC metals and intermetallics). The issue of determining the elastic characteristics, in particular the measurement of deflections, needs to be clarified. The aim of this work is to improve experimental methods for determining the characteristics of elasticity, in particular to determine the ratio of movement of internal rollers relative to external and deflection between internal rollers, as well as accurate determination of absolute deformation of the test machine depending on load. To obtain the deformation curve of the sample without the deflection meter, a method of subtracting from the total load curve the yield curve of the test machine, which can be obtained after testing the sample with a high axial moment of inertia to minimize its deflection. To test this technique, a ceramic sample based on Al2O3 was tested. After the adjustments, it was found that the modulus of elasticity was 371.3 GPa, which corresponds to the tabular values. The proposed technique allows to accurately measure the modulus of elasticity and obtain curves of microdeformation of low-plastic materials at different test temperatures in the absence of a deflector. The deflection of the central part of the sample relative to the inner rollers by four-point bending is 3/8 of the movement of the inner rollers relative to the outer ones. The improved method of determining the deflections allows to obtain diagrams of deformation of the samples without the deflection meter, as well as to measure the modulus of elasticity and obtain curves of microdeformation of low-plastic materials at different test temperatures. Comparison of the results of determining the modulus of elasticity by methods without a deflector and with it allows you to assess the accuracy of measuring the modulus of elasticity. It is experimentally established that the difference between the values of the Young's modules calculated by the proposed method and the corresponding values calculated taking into account the directly measured deflections does not exceed 1%. Keywords: bending, stress, deformation, deflection, angle of rotation, radius of curvature, axial moment of inertia, deflection meter.
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Žiga, Alma, i Josip Kačmarčik. "Plywood Cantilever Deflection". Drvna industrija 74, nr 1 (25.03.2023): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5552/drvind.2023.0053.

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In this paper, the elastic behaviour in bending of three-layer plywood cantilever beams is analysed. Deflections of straight and half-circle cantilevers, loaded with a force at free end is determined experimentally and calculated using analytical and finite element method approach. The analytical calculation of deflection for the strait cantilever is obtained using a transformed cross section. The deflection of half-circle cantilever is determined by the classical laminated plate theory and Castigliano’s theorem. Loads and cantilever dimensions are varied in the study using the design of experiment. The deflection regression models for straight and semicircular plywood cantilevers are obtained from the experimental results. Analytically and numerically determined deflections of strait and half-circle cantilevers show very good agreement. Experimentally recorded deflections are approximately 30 % higher than analytical values. Stiffness properties and deflection values are influenced by direction of fibres in the outer layers of a three-layer plywood beam.
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Kim, Sang-Woo. "Prediction of Deflection of Shear-Critical RC Beams Using Compatibility-Aided Truss Model". Applied Sciences 11, nr 23 (3.12.2021): 11478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311478.

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This study proposes a method for predicting the deflection of shear-critical reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Shear deterioration of shear-critical RC beams occurs before flexural yielding. After shear deterioration occurs in the shear-critical RC beams, the deflection caused by shear is greater than the flexural deflection obtained from the elastic bending theory. To reasonably predict the deflection of shear-critical RC beams, it is necessary to evaluate deflections due to shear as well as flexure. In this study, the deflections produced by flexure and shear were calculated and superposed to evaluate the deflection of shear-critical RC beams. The method recommended by ACI 318-19 was employed to calculate the flexural deflection, and a compatibility-aided truss model able to calculate the shear stress and shear deformation at each load stage was used to consider the shear deflection. A comparison of the experimental and analytical results showed that the proposed analytical method can effectively predict the deflection of shear-critical RC beams.
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Elvin, Niell G., i Alex A. Elvin. "Large deflection effects in flexible energy harvesters". Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 23, nr 13 (20.02.2012): 1475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x11435434.

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The effect of large deflection on the mechanical and electrical behaviors of flexible piezoelectric energy harvesters has not been well studied. A generalized nonlinear coupled finite element circuit simulation approach is presented in this article to study the performance of energy harvesters subjected to large deflections. The method presented is validated experimentally using three test examples consisting of (a) a static case, (b) a free vibration case, and (c) a forced vibration case. Under static conditions (when the transverse tip deflection exceeds a quarter of the cantilever length), large deflections cause geometric stiffening of the structure that reduces the tip deflection of the generator when compared to linear (i.e. small-deflection) behavior. For a cantilever generator under dynamic conditions, geometric stiffening, inertial softening, and nonlinear damping effects become significant. Large deflections both shift the resonant frequency and increase damping and can thus cause a significant reduction in output voltage when compared with small-deflection linear theory. In the finite element generator model studied in this article, these nonlinear dynamic effects become significant when the transverse tip deflection exceeds 35% of the beam length.
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Turner, Dennis J., Jeffrey L. J. Lee, Kenneth H. Stokoe, Richard L. Boudreau, Quintin B. Watkins i George K. Chang. "Discrete and Continuous Deflection Testing of Runways at Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport, Georgia". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1860, nr 1 (styczeń 2003): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1860-09.

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The measurement of deflection characteristics is a key feature in the evaluation of pavements. Deflections are used to evaluate pavement moduli, relative stiffness, load transfer, and, when used periodically, a rate of deterioration and remaining life. The comprehensive deflection testing program conducted on Runways 9L/27R and 8R/26L, both jointed concrete pavements, at the Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport is described. A heavy-weight deflectometer was used to measure deflections at discrete locations on slab interiors, transverse joints, longitudinal joints, and slab corners. A rolling dynamic deflectometer was used to measure continuous deflection profiles along three longitudinal lines on both runways. Before fall 2001, all pavement deflection testing was performed using a falling-weight deflectometer. Comparisons of the equipment, loading mechanisms, and measured deflections are presented.
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Onsa, Eltayeb Hassan, Elsafi Mohamed Adam, Abdalla Khogali Ahmed i Mohamed Elmontasir Elbagir. "Long-term Deflections in Balanced Cantilever Prestressed Concrete Bridges". FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 4, nr 1 (6.12.2009): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v4i1.41.

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Long-term deflections in balanced cantilever prestressed concrete bridges are reviewed. Burri and Shambat Bridges are taken as cases study to calculate long-term deflection. The two bridges were constructed at Khartoum State in the years 1972 and 1962, respectively. Due to the shortage of the basic data regarding the two bridges the AASHTO-LRFD is used to estimate and calculate the missing data in the two bridges. The Moment Area method is used to calculate the long-term deflections due to the dead load, live load and prestressing force. The calculated long-term deflections are compared with measured live load deflections obtained from load tests made by a Chinese contractor requested to evaluate the two bridges. Remarkable differences between theoretical and measured deflection at the end of cantilevers are encountered. The differences are probably due to the basic assumptions made in the formulations of deflection calculations. Some adjustments in the long-term deflection formulae are suggested to bring the calculated deflections in compatibility with measured ones.
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Mahale, Harsh N., Prof Ravindra N. Patil, Vrushali R. Bagul i Megha L. Badade. "Bridge Load Testing as Per IRC SP 51". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 3759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43367.

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Abstract: Bridge load testing is popular means of demonstrating bridge’s capability to carry safely design loads. It is commonly used to determine the issues which cannot be resolved by only visual inspection or analysis. This paper deals with the study of load testing of major Bridge on River of 17.20 meter span Between Pier P5 and Pier P6. Under this project bridge was loaded with vehicular loading and tested for design load. Deflection of bridge is measured by dial gauges and recorded for bridge analysis. This study consists preparation of load test on bridge for deflection load as per IRC SP 51(2015) and how load testing is carried out by visual inspection, by applying vehicular loading or dynamic loading , its behaviour under loading and unloading conditons, behavior of bridge under the different temperatures to check how bridge is going to behave under weather conditions , maximum permissible deflection of girders , total deflection of girders, total recovery and percentage recovery of deflections after removal of load and comparison between theoretical deflections and actual deflections to find out testing bridge capability and its structural integrity. Keywords: Bridge Load Test, Dial Gauge, vehicles, Loading, Unloading, Deflection, Design load, Temperature effect, Temperature correction, Total recovery, Total Deflection, Theoretical Deflection, Percentage recovery.
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Tawfiq, Kamal, John Sobanjo i Jamshid Armaghani. "Curvilinear Behavior of Base Layer Moduli from Deflection and Seismic Methods". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1716, nr 1 (styczeń 2000): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1716-07.

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The reality of curvilinear relationships of stiffness versus deformation is usually neglected when moduli values from seismic methods are compared with those of deflection methods. On the basis of extensive field testing, results showed that moduli values for the base layers from deflection methods did not conform to those of seismic methods. Deflection testing techniques were signified by the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and the Dynaflect methods. Seismic testing was carried out by use of the seismic pavement analyzer (SPA) method. The SPA test results yielded moduli values higher than those obtained from the deflection methods. Utilizing pavement parameters obtained from the SPA data, researchers determined surface deflections by use of frequency response functions of signals from the two groups of sensors used in the testing setup. Because of the types of hammers in the SPA testing, two different deflection basins were obtained at each testing point. Comparison of surface deflections from these methods indicated that deflection amplitudes from the FWD method were about 100 times higher than those obtained from the high-frequency hammer of the SPA. At certain pavement sections, deflections from the Dynaflect method were comparable to those obtained with the SPA low-frequency hammer. Accordingly, curvilinear relationships between surface deformation versus stiffness values were derived. These relationships can be used to determine moduli values at all surface deflections, including those from service loads.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Deflection"

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Münnich, Matthias. "Beam Deflection". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5823.

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In order to fully understand the third order nonlinear optical response of materials under high irradiance excitation it is necessary to study the temporal and polarization dependence of nonlinear refraction and absorption. There are several existing approaches such as Z-scan and pump-probe techniques to determine those responses. As part of this work, these approaches will be briefly outlined before presenting beam deflection, applied from photothermal beam deflection, as an alternative experimental technique to determine the nonlinear refraction with its temporal and polarization dynamics. This technique measures the angle of the probe beam deflected via the index gradient of the material induced by strong excitation beam, to determine both the sign and magnitude of the nonlinear refraction. The temporal and tensor properties of the nonlinear refractive index can be determined by introducing a delay line, and by varying the polarization of the excitation and probe beam, respectively. To demonstrate the practicality of the beam deflection technique, we performed measurements on Fused Silica, Carbon Disulfide and Zinc Oxide. Each of these samples shows quite different nonlinear responses. Amorphous fused silica exhibits nonlinear refraction purely from instantaneous electronic contribution; while Carbon Disulfide shows a much slower response, originating not only from the electronic contribution but also from non-instantaneous nuclear movements (e.g. molecular orientation). These two contributions can be separated by varying the polarization direction of the excitation and probe beam. By introducing lock-in detection technique, a sensitivity of /5500 can be achieved. In Zinc Oxide, a wide-bandgap semiconductor, we measure both nonlinear refraction and two-photon absorption simultaneously. Therefore the beam deflection is a sensitive technique, which can be used to measure the time and polarization dynamics of the nonlinear response of the material.
M.S.
Masters
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
Optics; International
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Tovi, Shivan. "Deflection of concrete slabs : current performance & design deflection limits". Thesis, University of West London, 2017. https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/3836/.

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Deflection is usually controlled by limiting the span/depth ratio. One aspect of this research is to document the deflection of a concrete slab in a large residential block. The other part of the research is to look at current design limits. Limits on deformation were set many decades ago, when the forms of construction, partitions, finishing, cladding and service were very different from what they are now. Part of that is to review the span-to-depth method of design. Site investigation and testing theory through observation and data collection was the main deductive approach of this research. A quantitative method was used to calculate and determine the deflection on concrete slabs, the research is attempted to identify target companies and projects to participate in the research. The data indicate that the slab has not sagged significantly due to the back propping for 30 days. However, it does seem that the slab was sloping down from the corner by 6 mm diagonally across the 12m bay. A margin of deflection around 2mm occurred especially in the mid-span of the slab 12 x 7 m corner bay. The 2 mm deflection occurred at the beginning of the investigation after back propping reinforced concrete corner bay slab. The back propping applied after 7 days of pouring slab.
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Robertson, Michael James. "Methods for generating deflection-limiting commands". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18965.

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Gould, Martin. "Predictive compensation for deflection in turning". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56772.

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This thesis deals with the investigation concerning a predictive compensation method which corrects for the error on the diameter caused by the deflection when machining a workpiece on a lathe.
The deflection model which was formulated to predict the error on the diameter considers the smaller emerging diameter formed by the depth of cut as the tool tip moves along the workpiece, thus improving the accuracy with which the deflection can be predicted. The model also recognizes the fact that the total deflection undergoes an equilibrium search causing the final deflection to reach a smaller value than that which is obtained when using the methods described in literature. Furthermore, the way in which the workpiece is commonly supported in industrial practice, which is having one end rigidly clamped in a chuck at the spindle while the other end is supported by its center at the tailstock, is included in the deflection analysis.
The compensation method can be applied not only to uniform cylindrical bars but also to general shaped workpieces. However the latter must first be partitioned into segments forming a multidiameter shaft for the deflection analysis. Implementation of this predictive compensation method introduces the possibility of obtaining single pass machining with final pass accuracy.
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Holst, J. M. F. G. "Large deflection phenomena in cylindrical shells". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604195.

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In the past, much research effort has been directed towards the problem of buckling of thin cylindrical shell structures under axial loading. Thus far, however, no wholly satisfactory solutions have been attained. In this thesis a new approach to shell buckling is proposed. It is suggested that a careful examination of a heavily deformed shell structure in the post-buckling regime - and the processes leading up to this state of deformation - may clarify some of the principles involved in its loss of stability. The complex deformation patterns can be reduced to a more elementary description consisting of inextensional and transitional regions. Corresponding features are found in shell inversions; and in this dissertation two relatively simple examples of inversion under a radial load are studied. Experiments investigating the inversion of a cylindrical shell under a radial point load are reported. Some straightforward empirical formulae are obtained that well describe the characteristics of the deformed geometry; and the applied load is established as a function of the deformation. The inversion of a spherical shell under a radial point load is considered as means of examining some of the basic features observed in the experiments performed, whilst eliminating the complexities arising from the lack of symmetry in the cylindrical case. A "simple model" is detailed which clearly highlights the major components of the total strain energy of the deformed surface and their origin. The results from this model are confirmed using a finite-element analysis, which also provides a more comprehensive description of the overall stress state of the shell. The finite-element method is likewise applied to the case of the cylindrical shell as an extension of the experiments. Findings from the latter are employed to confirm the validity of the numerical analysis. A detailed account is given of the distribution of stresses and strains over the deformed surface; and the similarities with the case of the spherical shell are outlined. Finally, an analytical model is established for the case of the cylindrical shell using the empirical formulae. The derivation of a condensed expression for the total strain energy is presented. It is shown that the model represents well the relevant data obtained numerically.
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Villapando, Alyanna Zsalee. "Membrane deflection in inline drip emitters". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123244.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 25).
This study explores the behavior of membranes found within inline drip emitters when subjected to a concentrated load. Knowing the response of the membrane can be useful in optimizing future emitter designs for characteristics such as lower activation pressure. Two different types of membranes were studied, one from the Jain Turbo Cascade® emitters, and the other from the Jain Turbo Top® emitters. These membranes were placed in a fixture, and a texture analyzer fitted with a ball-end probe was used to measure the force exerted by the membrane at a given deflection. The results were compared to analytical models of the deflection of a simply-supported or clamped rectangular plate with a point load, and it was found that these models do not accurately describe the measured behavior. A sensitivity analysis of the models show that changes in the value of the membrane thickness have the greatest effect on change in theoretical deflection at a given force.
by Alyanna Zsalee Villapando.
S.B.
S.B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Mukhopadhyaya, Utpal Kanti. "Deflection routing in buffered binary hypercube switches". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ32794.pdf.

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Purdie, Craig. "Deflection of light with the equivalence principle". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7939.

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A thorough treatment of the Strong Equivalence Principle is presented, demonstrating its failure in dealing with non-uniform gravitational fields. In particular, a calculation utilising the equivalence principle is shown to produce an incorrect rate of deflection of light. This calculation is used as a tool to investigate the nature of this deflection, and the meaning of the Strong Equivalence Principle. Using a generalised metric for outside a static, spherically symmetric gravitational source, it is shown that the failure of the equivalence principle is geometric and not due to any particular choice of metric. When transformed into a displaced rectangular coordinate system, the generalised metric consists of both diagonal and off-diagonal elements. Only the diagonal elements are equivalent to a flat, uniformly accelerating frame. The off-diagonal elements produce non-zero elements in the Riemann Curvature Tensor and are thus attributed to curvature. Therefore, the Strong Equivalence principle is only valid in the weak field limit, where the components of the Riemann curvature tensor vanish. In this case the metric becomes flat, which is the equivalent of a uniform gravitational field. Using the Schwarzschild metric in displaced rectangular coordinates, the effect of curvature on the rate of deflection of light are determined by tracing the effect of the off-diagonal elements. This calculation shows that only one-third of the deflection rate is due to acceleration in the local inertial frame, with the remaining two-thirds being the result of curvature. Because the rate of deflection is is an infinitesimal quantity defined locally, this shows the effects of curvature are important even for local measurements.
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Paek, Sung Wook. "Asteroid deflection campaign design integrating epistemic uncertainty". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105602.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 241-249).
Planetary defense, or asteroid collision avoidance, has been gaining interest with recent meteor or fly-by events, including the Chelyabinsk meteor that entered the Earth's atmosphere and exploded over Russia in 2013. Past or planned robotic missions to near-Earth asteroids are expected to provide an excellent opportunity to demonstrate asteroid deflection techniques. However, applying a deflection technique to a hazardous asteroid in real-world situations requires extreme care for decision makers due to inherent uncertainty. The forms of uncertainty can be epistemic or aleatoric. Epistemic uncertainty can be reduced by replenishing incomplete information with better observations, whereas stochastic uncertainty cannot be reduced owing to its randomness. Although we cannot reduce stochastic uncertainty itself, we can come up with a plan which is robust to random uncertainty, by reducing epistemic uncertainty. This thesis develops a methodology to design an asteroid deflection campaign that consists of multiple mission stages. The first stage serves as a precursor whose type can achieve different amounts of uncertainty reduction. With this in-situ information obtained by precursors, the follow-up stage may adapt its impactor design. The methodology is implemented in the Asteroid Deflection Integrating Epistemic Uncertainty (ADIEU) framework. The ADIEU framework is demonstrated in deflection campaigns of select near- Earth asteroids. Generation of campaign solutions over a 15-year period, with different confidence requirements, requires up to 125,000 full-factorial runs and 400 optimization runs per asteroid. Results show that campaigns which consider and reduce epistemic uncertainty can both decrease launch mass and increase robustness. However, there are also cases, under extreme conditions, where a single-stage mission turns out to perform best. The performance envelopes of these different approaches are superposed to generate a decision map for use as a visual aid. Finally, this thesis concludes by outlining future work to refine the framework, as well as potential uses of the methodology in terrestrial applications.
by Sung Wook Paek.
Ph. D.
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Avsar, Veysel. "Essays on Administrative Protection and Trade Deflection". FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/440.

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This dissertation analyzes the trading effects and the politics of antidumping. The first essay empirically examines the influence of partisanship on antidumping. I show that an increase in the leftist orientation of the government makes labor intensive industries less likely to file an antidumping petition. I also demonstrate that the increase in the leftist orientation of the government is associated with an increase in the likelihood of an affirmative antidumping outcome for the petitions of labor intensive industries. The second essay investigates the effect of past exporting relationships of the firms, whose products are targeted by antidumping duties, on their export flows to alternative markets. My estimations show that facing an antidumping duty on a product leads to a 18% increase in the exports of the firm for that product to the alternative countries where the firms previously exported the same product and a 8% increase to the countries where the firms exported another product. On the contrary, I fail to find a significant effect of antidumping duties on the exports of the particular product to third countries to which the firm did not export before. Further, I show that a firm’s probability to start exporting the duty imposed product in a different destination increases by 8-10% if the firm already exported another product to that destination. However, I find no such evidence for the countries to which the firm did not export before. The third essay empirically analyzes the effect of potential antidumping claims, resulting from an antidumping investigation in the domestic market, on the quality of exported products to the target countries. My findings suggest that retaliation threats increase the quality of firms’ shipments for the named industries’ products to the target countries by 11%. This effect is also significantly increasing in the share of the exports of the named industries’ products shipped to the target country in the firms’ total exports. Further, I show that this effect is 4 % higher for the exporters serving the developed countries and 3% higher for ones serving the heavy antidumping users.
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Książki na temat "Deflection"

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Anderson, James E. Political pressure deflection. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.

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E, Anderson James. Political pressure deflection. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.

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Ji, Tianjian. Structural Design Against Deflection. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429465314.

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Reimer, B. L. OTV bearing deflection investigation. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1993.

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Altidis, P. C. Flexibility effects on tooth contact location in spiral bevel gear transmissions. Cleveland, Ohio: Lewis Research Center, 1987.

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Bown, Chad P. Trade deflection and trade depression. [Chicago, Ill.]: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 2003.

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Crovetti, James A. Comprehensive subgrade deflection acceptance criteria. Madison, WI: Wisconsin Dept. of Transportation, Division of Transportation Infrastructure Development, Bureau of Highway Construction, Technology Advancement Unit, 2001.

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National Highway Institute (U.S.), red. Pavement deflection analysis: Instructor guide. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Federal Highway Administration, National Highway Institute, 1994.

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J, Gardner N., i American Concrete Institute, red. Deflection control for the future. Farmington Hills, Mich: American Concrete Institute, 2003.

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Sicking, Dean. Deflection limits for temporary concrete barriers. Lincoln, Neb: Midwest Roadside Safety Facility, University of Lincoln-Nebraska, 2002.

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Części książek na temat "Deflection"

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Seward, Derek. "Deflection". W Understanding Structures, 287–99. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14809-7_13.

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Weik, Martin H. "deflection". W Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 377. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_4615.

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Skottun, Gro, i Åshild Krüger. "Deflection". W Gestalt Therapy Practice, 242–51. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003153856-21.

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Seward, Derek. "Deflection". W Understanding Structures, 259–70. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12083-3_13.

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Stronge, William James, i Tongxi Yu. "Static Deflection". W Dynamic Models for Structural Plasticity, 51–72. London: Springer London, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-0397-4_3.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Deflection Temperature". W Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 198. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_3364.

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Khursheed, Anjam. "Deflection Fields". W The Finite Element Method in Charged Particle Optics, 191–207. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5201-7_10.

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Cumming, Jeffrey M., Bradley J. Sinclair, Charles A. Triplehorn, Yousif Aldryhim, Eduardo Galante, Ma Angeles Marcos-Garcia, Malcolm Edmunds i in. "Deflection Marks". W Encyclopedia of Entomology, 1169–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_853.

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Szilagyi, Miklos. "Beam Deflection". W Electron and Ion Optics, 481–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0923-9_11.

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Meneghetti, Massimo. "Light Deflection". W Introduction to Gravitational Lensing, 21–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73582-1_2.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Deflection"

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Prakash, Aaditya, Nick Moran, Solomon Garber, Antonella DiLillo i James Storer. "Deflecting Adversarial Attacks with Pixel Deflection". W 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2018.00894.

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Sachinis, Xenophon. "Deflection 1". W ACM SIGGRAPH 2004 Art gallery. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1185884.1185954.

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Chigullapalli, Aarti, i Jason V. Clark. "Extremely Large Deflection Actuators for Translation or Rotation". W ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88096.

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In this paper we propose a new type of piezoelectric microactuator to produce extremely large translational (> 100 microns) or rotational deflections (> 10 degrees). Many micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) are capable of deflecting 1 to 10s microns using the electrostatic or thermoelectric phenomenon. The problem with electrostatic actuators is that they are usually constrained to operate in clean environments, which limits their utility to physically interact with the environment. The problem with thermal actuators is that they usually require a relatively large amount of power since they rely on heat. Achieving large deflection actuators without such constraints may find applications in biomedical engineering, optics, micro/nano-assembly, scanning probe microscopy, etc. What is novel about our piezo actuator is we exploit lateral deflection to create an actuator that forms an ‘S’ shape upon actuation. We then explore the use of this S-drive for large translational and rotational actuators. For feasibility analysis, we consider nonlinear deflection, voltage limit due to dielectric breakdown, strain limit, and gravitational effects.
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Tyshchenko, Igor, Mariia Popova, Alexander Cherepanov, Sergey Pesterev i Yuri Bochkarev. "Optoelectronic deflection sensor". W PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATION (PTI-2018): Proceedings of the V International Young Researchers’ Conference. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5055180.

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Baranova, Lubov A., i Stella Y. Yavor. "Achromatic deflection system". W SPIE's 1996 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, redaktor Eric Munro. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.255515.

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Nezu, Nobuyuki, i Huizhu Lu. "Modeling deflection networks". W the 1999 ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/298151.298195.

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Greenfield, Gary. "Evolved deflection drawings". W 2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cec.2016.7744371.

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"Deflection-Softening and Deflection-Hardening FRC Composites: Characterization and Modeling". W SP-248: Deflection and Stiffness Issues in FRC and Thin Structural Elements. American Concrete Institute, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/19010.

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Huang, Yuan Mao, i Shi-Han Chen. "Thermal Effect of Design Parameters on the Deflection of a Disk Brake". W ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34919.

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The deflection of a disk brake is affected by its configuration and boundary conditions. The three-dimensional finite element software ANSYS is used to analyze deflection of the disk in this study. The calculated maximum deflection occurs at the outside diameter of the disk inner board. The disk bends in the direction from the inner board toward the outer board, and the deflection coning angle of the disk is 0.4°. The calculated deflections and the coning angles of the disk are comparable with the existing data. Deflections of various disks are compared. If the thickness of the disk support region increases 1 mm, the maximum deflection decreases 0.001 mm that is about 0.2% only and it is insignificant. If the fillet radius of the support portion changes from 1 mm to 3 mm, the maximum deflection decreases 0.076 mm that it is about 15.3%. Therefore, the effect of changing the fillet radius on the deflection is more significant than that of changing the thickness of the disk support region. The mathematical model and the calculated results can be used for designing disk brakes, and a modified disk brake is recommended.
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Chen, Guimin, i Ruiyu Bai. "Modeling Large Spatial Deflections of Slender Bisymmetric Beams in Compliant Mechanisms Using Chained Spatial-Beam-Constraint-Model (CSBCM)". W ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46387.

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Modeling large spatial deflections of flexible beams has been one of the most challenging problems in the research community of compliant mechanisms. This work presents a method called chained spatial-beam-constraint-model (CSBCM) for modeling large spatial deflections of flexible bisymmetric beams in compliant mechanisms. CSBCM is based on the spatial beam constraint model (SBCM), which was developed for the purpose of accurately predicting the nonlinear constraint characteristics of bisymmetric spatial beams in their intermediate deflection range. CSBCM deals with large spatial deflections by dividing a spatial beam into several elements, modeling each element with SBCM, and then assembling the deflected elements using the transformation defined by Tait-Bryan angles to form the whole deflection. It is demonstrated that CSBCM is capable of solving various large spatial deflection problems whether the tip loads are known or the tip deflections are known. The examples show that CSBCM can accurately predict the large spatial deflections of flexible beams, as compared to the available nonlinear FEA results obtained by ANSYS. The results also demonstrated the unique capabilities of CSBCM to solve large spatial deflection problems that are outside the range of ANSYS.
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Deflection"

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Anderson, James, i Maurizio Zanardi. Political Pressure Deflection. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, kwiecień 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10439.

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Bowden, G. Undulator Gravitational Deflection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839688.

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Gupta, Rajendra. Combustion Diagnostics by Photo-Deflection Spectroscopy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzec 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250802.

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Spencer, Nathan. Impeller deflection and modal finite element analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1096476.

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Zweben, S., i M. Karasik. Laboratory experiments on arc deflection and instability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/752819.

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Rudnicki, James D., Frank R. McLarnon i Elton J. Cairns. Application of photothermal deflection spectroscopy to electrochemical interfaces. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzec 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10145628.

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Lanfranco, Giobatta. Deflection test results on D0 Run IIB stave. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15011732.

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R. Allen Miller. DIE Deflection Modeling: Empirical Validation and Tech Transfer. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/812014.

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Koger, Jerry L., Eddie C. Burt i A. C. Bailey. Load Deflection Relationships for Three Log-Skidder Tires. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/so-rn-311.

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Lanfranco, Giobatta. Deflection test results on D0 Run IIB stave. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15017257.

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