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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Defeasible logic”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 11 marca 2023

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1

GOVERNATORI, GUIDO, i MICHAEL J. MAHER. "Annotated defeasible logic". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 17, nr 5-6 (22.08.2017): 819–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068417000266.

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AbstractDefeasible logics provide several linguistic features to support the expression of defeasible knowledge. There is also a wide variety of such logics, expressing different intuitions about defeasible reasoning. However, the logics can only combine in trivial ways. This limits their usefulness in contexts where different intuitions are at play in different aspects of a problem. In particular, in some legal settings, different actors have different burdens of proof, which might be expressed as reasoning in different defeasible logics. In this paper, we introduce annotated defeasible logic as a flexible formalism permitting multiple forms of defeasibility, and establish some properties of the formalism.

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MAHER, MICHAEL J., ANDREW ROCK, GRIGORIS ANTONIOU, DAVID BILLINGTON i TRISTAN MILLER. "EFFICIENT DEFEASIBLE REASONING SYSTEMS". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 10, nr 04 (grudzień 2001): 483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213001000623.

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For many years, the non-montonic reasoning community has focussed on highly expressive logics. Such logics have turned out to be computationally expensive, and have given little support to the practical use of non-monotonic reasoning. In this work we discuss defeasible logic, a less-expressive but more efficient non-monotonic logic. We report on two new implemented systems for defeasible logic: a query answering system employing a backward-chaining approach, and a forward-chaining implementation that computes all conclusions. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that the systems can deal with large theories (up to hundreds of thousands of rules). We show that defeasible logic has linear complexity, which contrasts markedly with most other non-monotonic logics and helps to explain the impressive experimental results. We believe that defeasible logic, with its efficiency and simplicity, is a good candidate to be used as a modeling language for practical applications, including modelling of regulations and business rules.

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MAHER, MICHAEL J. "Propositional defeasible logic has linear complexity". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 1, nr 6 (listopad 2001): 691–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068401001168.

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Defeasible logic is a rule-based nonmonotonic logic, with both strict and defeasible rules, and a priority relation on rules. We show that inference in the propositional form of the logic can be performed in linear time. This contrasts markedly with most other propositional nonmonotonic logics, in which inference is intractable.

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MAHER, MICHAEL J., ILIAS TACHMAZIDIS, GRIGORIS ANTONIOU, STEPHEN WADE i LONG CHENG. "Rethinking Defeasible Reasoning: A Scalable Approach". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 20, nr 4 (24.02.2020): 552–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068420000010.

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AbstractRecent technological advances have led to unprecedented amounts of generated data that originate from the Web, sensor networks, and social media. Analytics in terms of defeasible reasoning – for example, for decision making – could provide richer knowledge of the underlying domain. Traditionally, defeasible reasoning has focused on complex knowledge structures over small to medium amounts of data, but recent research efforts have attempted to parallelize the reasoning process over theories with large numbers of facts. Such work has shown that traditional defeasible logics come with overheads that limit scalability. In this work, we design a new logic for defeasible reasoning, thus ensuring scalability by design. We establish several properties of the logic, including its relation to existing defeasible logics. Our experimental results indicate that our approach is indeed scalable and defeasible reasoning can be applied to billions of facts.

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Kontopoulos, Efstratios, Nick Bassiliades, Guido Governatori i Grigoris Antoniou. "A Modal Defeasible Reasoner of Deontic Logic for the Semantic Web". International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 7, nr 1 (styczeń 2011): 18–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jswis.2011010102.

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Defeasible logic is a non-monotonic formalism that deals with incomplete and conflicting information, whereas modal logic deals with the concepts of necessity and possibility. These types of logics play a significant role in the emerging Semantic Web, which enriches the available Web information with meaning, leading to better cooperation between end-users and applications. Defeasible and modal logics, in general, and, particularly, deontic logic provide means for modeling agent communities, where each agent is characterized by its cognitive profile and normative system, as well as policies, which define privacy requirements, access permissions, and individual rights. Toward this direction, this article discusses the extension of DR-DEVICE, a Semantic Web-aware defeasible reasoner, with a mechanism for expressing modal logic operators, while testing the implementation via deontic logic operators, concerned with obligations, permissions, and related concepts. The motivation behind this work is to develop a practical defeasible reasoner for the Semantic Web that takes advantage of the expressive power offered by modal logics, accompanied by the flexibility to define diverse agent behaviours. A further incentive is to study the various motivational notions of deontic logic and discuss the cognitive state of agents, as well as the interactions among them.

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6

Nute, Donald, i Katrin Erk. "Defeasible logic graphs". Decision Support Systems 22, nr 3 (marzec 1998): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9236(97)00063-8.

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Nute, Donald, Zachary Hunter i Christopher Henderson. "Defeasible logic graphs". Decision Support Systems 22, nr 3 (marzec 1998): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9236(97)00064-x.

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MAIER, FREDERICK. "Interdefinability of defeasible logic and logic programming under the well-founded semantics". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 13, nr 1 (9.08.2011): 107–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147106841100041x.

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AbstractWe provide a method of translating theories of Nute's defeasible logic into logic programs, and a corresponding translation in the opposite direction. Under certain natural restrictions, the conclusions of defeasible theories under the ambiguity propagating defeasible logic ADL correspond to those of the well-founded semantics for normal logic programs, and so it turns out that the two formalisms are closely related. Using the same translation of logic programs into defeasible theories, the semantics for the ambiguity blocking defeasible logic NDL can be seen as indirectly providing an ambiguity blocking semantics for logic programs. We also provide antimonotone operators for both ADL and NDL, each based on the Gelfond–Lifschitz (GL) operator for logic programs. For defeasible theories without defeaters or priorities on rules, the operator for ADL corresponds to the GL operator and so can be seen as partially capturing the consequences according to ADL. Similarly, the operator for NDL captures the consequences according to NDL, though in this case no restrictions on theories apply. Both operators can be used to define stable model semantics for defeasible theories.

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9

MAHER, MICHAEL J. "Relative expressiveness of defeasible logics". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 12, nr 4-5 (lipiec 2012): 793–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068412000294.

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AbstractWe address the relative expressiveness of defeasible logics in the frameworkDL. Relative expressiveness is formulated as the ability to simulate the reasoning of one logic within another logic. We show that such simulations must be modular, in the sense that they also work if applied only to part of a theory, in order to achieve a useful notion of relative expressiveness. We present simulations showing that logics inDLwith and without the capability of team defeat are equally expressive. We also show that logics that handle ambiguity differently – ambiguity blocking versus ambiguity propagating – have distinct expressiveness, with neither able to simulate the other under a different formulation of expressiveness.

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ANTONIOU, GRIGORIS, DAVID BILLINGTON, GUIDO GOVERNATORI i MICHAEL J. MAHER. "Embedding defeasible logic into logic programming". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 6, nr 06 (16.10.2006): 703–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068406002778.

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BILLINGTON, DAVID. "Defeasible Logic is Stable". Journal of Logic and Computation 3, nr 4 (1993): 379–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/3.4.379.

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KONTOPOULOS, EFSTRATIOS, NICK BASSILIADES, GRIGORIS ANTONIOU i ANNA SERIDOU. "VISUAL MODELING OF DEFEASIBLE LOGIC RULES WITH DR-VisMo". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 17, nr 05 (październik 2008): 903–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213008004217.

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The standardization of the Semantic Web has reached as far as ontologies and ontology languages. However, in order for the full potential of the Semantic Web to be achieved, the ability of reasoning over the available information is also essential. Rules can assist in this affair and various logics have been proposed for the Semantic Web domain. One of them is defeasible reasoning that deals with incomplete and conflicting information. However, despite its solid mathematical notation, it may be confusing to end users. To confront this downside, we proposed a representation schema for defeasible logic rule bases, which is based on directed graphs that feature distinct node and connection types. This paper presents DR-VisMo, a defeasible logic rule base editor and visualization system that implements this representation approach. The system also features a stratification algorithm for visualizing rule bases that deals with decisions, regarding the arrangement of the various elements in the graph. DR-VisMo is implemented as part of VDR-DEVICE, an environment for modeling and deploying defeasible logic rule bases on top of RDF ontologies.

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13

Giordano, Laura, i Daniele Theseider Dupré. "An ASP approach for reasoning in a concept-aware multipreferential lightweight DL". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 20, nr 5 (wrzesień 2020): 751–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068420000381.

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AbstractIn this paper we develop a concept aware multi-preferential semantics for dealing with typicality in description logics, where preferences are associated with concepts, starting from a collection of ranked TBoxes containing defeasible concept inclusions. Preferences are combined to define a preferential interpretation in which defeasible inclusions can be evaluated. The construction of the concept-aware multipreference semantics is related to Brewka’s framework for qualitative preferences. We exploit Answer Set Programming (in particular, asprin) to achieve defeasible reasoning under the multipreference approach for the lightweight description logic ξ$\mathcal L_ \bot ^ + $.

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Antoniou, Grigoris, David Billington, Guido Governatori i Michael J. Maher. "Representation results for defeasible logic". ACM Transactions on Computational Logic 2, nr 2 (kwiecień 2001): 255–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/371316.371517.

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Governatori, G. "Argumentation Semantics for Defeasible Logic". Journal of Logic and Computation 14, nr 5 (1.10.2004): 675–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/14.5.675.

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Colburn, Timothy R. "Defeasible reasoning and logic programming". Minds and Machines 1, nr 4 (listopad 1991): 417–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00352918.

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Antoniou, Grigoris. "Defeasible logic with dynamic priorities". International Journal of Intelligent Systems 19, nr 5 (2004): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/int.20008.

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Batens, Diderik. "Devising the set of abnormalities for a given defeasible rule". Logical Investigations 26, nr 1 (6.08.2020): 9–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2074-1472-2020-26-1-9-35.

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Devising adaptive logics usually starts with a set of abnormalities and a deductive logic. Where the adaptive logic is ampliative, the deductive logic is the lower limit logic, the rules of which are unconditionally valid. Where the adaptive logic is corrective, the deductive logic is the upper limit logic, the rules of which are valid in case the premises do not require any abnormalities to be true. In some cases, the idea for devising an adaptive logic does not relate to a set of abnormalities, but to one or more defeasible rules, and perhaps also to one of the deductive logics. Defeasible rules are not universally valid, but are valid in ‘normal situations’ or for unproblematic parts of premise set. Where the idea is such, the set of abnormalities has to be delineated in view of the rules. The way in which this task may be tackled is by no means obvious and is the main topic studied in the present paper. The outcome is an extremely simple and transparent recipe. It is shown that, except for very special cases, the recipe leads to an adequate result.

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Palau, Gladys. "Carlos E. Alchourrón. Breve biografía intelectual". Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 28, nr 82 (8.01.1996): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1996.1031.

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This paper is a short intellectual biography of Professor Carlos E. Alchourrón. I analyze his main contributions in three fields: 1) the logic of normative systems, 2) the logic of theory change, and 3) the logic of defeasible conditionals. I review the historical development of his thought on these three subjects. Furthermore, I show how the problems that arise in the field of normative logic stimulated him to find solutions in the AGM theory and in defeasible logic. Lastly, I show how in his last papers these three fields converge in a general englobing approach.

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20

Trelles, Oscar. "Donald Nute (ed.): Defeasible Deontic Logic". Areté 13, nr 2 (1.12.2001): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18800/arete.200102.008.

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Walton, Douglas. "Reasoning about knowledge using defeasible logic". Argument & Computation 2, nr 2-3 (wrzesień 2011): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19462166.2011.637641.

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Billington, David. "Proving quantified literals in defeasible logic". Information Sciences 116, nr 1 (maj 1999): 55–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-0255(98)10093-2.

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GARCÍA, ALEJANDRO J., i GUILLERMO R. SIMARI. "Defeasible logic programming: an argumentative approach". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 4, nr 1+2 (styczeń 2004): 95–138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068403001674.

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Belzer, M. "A conditional logic for defeasible beliefs". Decision Support Systems 4, nr 1 (marzec 1988): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(88)90102-9.

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Maier, Frederick, i Donald Nute. "Well-founded semantics for defeasible logic". Synthese 176, nr 2 (18.03.2009): 243–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9492-1.

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BRIGUEZ, CRISTIAN E., MARCELA CAPOBIANCO i ANA G. MAGUITMAN. "A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR TRUST-BASED NEWS RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION USING DEFEASIBLE ARGUMENTATION". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 22, nr 04 (sierpień 2013): 1350021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213013500218.

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Although the importance of trust in recommender systems is widely recognized, the actual mechanisms of trust propagation and trust preservation are poorly understood. This is partly due to the fact that trust is a complex notion, which is typically context dependent, subjective, dynamic and not always transitive or symmetrical. This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the notion of trust in news recommendation and discusses the advantages of modeling this notion using Defeasible Logic Programming, a general-purpose defeasible argumentation formalism based on logic programming. In the proposed framework, users can express explicit trust statements on news reports, news sources and other users. Trust is then modeled and propagated using a dialectical process supported by a Defeasible Logic Programming interpreter. A set of basic postulates for trust and their representation by means of defeasible rules is presented. The suitability of the approach is investigated with a set of illustrative examples and then analyzed from a formal perspective. The obtained results indicate that the proposed framework provides a solid foundation for building trust-based news recommendation services.

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Antoniou, G., M. J. Maher i D. Billington. "Defeasible logic versus Logic Programming without Negation as Failure". Journal of Logic Programming 42, nr 1 (styczeń 2000): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0743-1066(99)00060-6.

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Billi, Marco, Roberta Calegari, Giuseppe Contissa, Francesca Lagioia, Giuseppe Pisano, Galileo Sartor i Giovanni Sartor. "Argumentation and Defeasible Reasoning in the Law". J 4, nr 4 (18.12.2021): 897–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/j4040061.

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Different formalisms for defeasible reasoning have been used to represent knowledge and reason in the legal field. In this work, we provide an overview of the following logic-based approaches to defeasible reasoning: defeasible logic, Answer Set Programming, ABA+, ASPIC+, and DeLP. We compare features of these approaches under three perspectives: the logical model (knowledge representation), the method (computational mechanisms), and the technology (available software resources). On top of that, two real examples in the legal domain are designed and implemented in ASPIC+ to showcase the benefit of an argumentation approach in real-world domains. The CrossJustice and Interlex projects are taken as a testbed, and experiments are conducted with the Arg2P technology.

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Alferes, José Júlio, Ricardo Gonçalves i João Leite. "Equivalence of defeasible normative systems". Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 23, nr 1-2 (czerwiec 2013): 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11663081.2013.798996.

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MOGUILLANSKY, MARTÍN O., NICOLÁS D. ROTSTEIN, MARCELO A. FALAPPA, ALEJANDRO J. GARCÍA i GUILLERMO R. SIMARI. "Dynamics of knowledge in DeLP through Argument Theory Change". Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 13, nr 6 (25.01.2012): 893–957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068411000603.

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AbstractThis article is devoted to the study of methods to change defeasible logic programs (de.l.p.s) which are the knowledge bases used by the Defeasible Logic Programming (DeLP) interpreter. DeLP is an argumentation formalism that allows to reason over potentially inconsistent de.l.p.s. Argument Theory Change (ATC) studies certain aspects of belief revision in order to make them suitable for abstract argumentation systems. In this article, abstract arguments are rendered concrete by using the particular rule-based defeasible logic adopted by DeLP. The objective of our proposal is to define prioritized argument revision operators à la ATC for de.l.p.s, in such a way that the newly inserted argument ends up undefeated after the revision, thus warranting its conclusion. In order to ensure this warrant, the de.l.p. has to be changed in concordance with a minimal change principle. To this end, we discuss different minimal change criteria that could be adopted. Finally, an algorithm is presented, implementing the argument revision operations.

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Rohaninezh, Mahdi, Shereena Mohd Arif i Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah. "Defeasible Logic-Based Strategies to Regulate Facebook". Journal of Applied Sciences 14, nr 22 (1.11.2014): 2953–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2014.2953.2966.

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Dong, Huimin. "Logic of defeasible permission and its dynamics". Journal of Logic and Computation 31, nr 4 (5.05.2021): 1158–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exab022.

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Abstract This paper develops a deontic logic for defeasible permission and studies norm change in various updated semantics. When one grants that $\varphi $ or $\psi $ is permitted, normally, it goes together with the conjunction of a permission of $\varphi $ and that of $\psi $. In the monotonic reasoning on this permission, a permission of $\varphi $ leads to a permission of $\varphi $ and $\psi $; however, if a prohibition of $\psi $ is introduced, we get into trouble. We face a paradox of free choice permission. Many solutions have been proposed, but a systematic account of handling norm change is still needed. This paper first introduces the notion of normality to develop a sound and complete deontic logic for defeasible permission, which can be used to analyse several notions in natural language and in game theory. Further, following Lewis’ idea of norm change, a systematic way to capture various dynamics for updating permission and obligation is proposed.

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Rohaninezhad, Mehdi, Shereena Mohd Arif i Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah. "A grounder for SPINdle defeasible logic reasoner". Expert Systems with Applications 42, nr 20 (listopad 2015): 7098–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2015.04.065.

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Ryu, Young U. "Conditional deontic logic augmented with defeasible reasoning". Data & Knowledge Engineering 16, nr 1 (lipiec 1995): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-023x(95)00008-g.

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Pensel, Maximilian. "A Lightweight Defeasible Description Logic in Depth". KI - Künstliche Intelligenz 34, nr 4 (12.02.2020): 527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13218-020-00644-z.

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Nute, Donald, Robert I. Mann i Betty F. Brewer. "Controlling expert system recommendations with defeasible logic". Decision Support Systems 6, nr 2 (maj 1990): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(90)90005-c.

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Geerts, P., D. Vermeir i D. Nute. "Ordered logic: defeasible reasoning for multiple agents". Decision Support Systems 11, nr 2 (luty 1994): 157–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-9236(94)90030-2.

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Bonatti, P. A., C. Lutz i F. Wolter. "The Complexity of Circumscription in DLs". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 35 (26.08.2009): 717–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2763.

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As fragments of first-order logic, Description logics (DLs) do not provide nonmonotonic features such as defeasible inheritance and default rules. Since many applications would benefit from the availability of such features, several families of nonmonotonic DLs have been developed that are mostly based on default logic and autoepistemic logic. In this paper, we consider circumscription as an interesting alternative approach to nonmonotonic DLs that, in particular, supports defeasible inheritance in a natural way. We study DLs extended with circumscription under different language restrictions and under different constraints on the sets of minimized, fixed, and varying predicates, and pinpoint the exact computational complexity of reasoning for DLs ranging from ALC to ALCIO and ALCQO. When the minimized and fixed predicates include only concept names but no role names, then reasoning is complete for NExpTime^NP. It becomes complete for NP^NExpTime when the number of minimized and fixed predicates is bounded by a constant. If roles can be minimized or fixed, then complexity ranges from NExpTime^NP to undecidability.

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Almpani, Sofia, Elena Lisanyuk i Andrew Schumann. "Trends in Argumentation Logic". Studia Humana 11, nr 3-4 (1.12.2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sh-2022-0010.

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Abstract In this paper, we introduce the subject of the special issue Trends in Argumentation Logic. Here we mainly describe two approaches to argumentation logic with explicating monotonic and non-monotonic, or defeasible, reasoning and explain the role of artificial intelligence in applying argumentation logic. Then we give a short overview of the papers contributed to the special issue.

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Bassiliades, Nick, Grigoris Antoniou i Ioannis Vlahavas. "A Defeasible Logic Reasoner for the Semantic Web". International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 2, nr 1 (styczeń 2006): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jswis.2006010101.

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You, Jia-Huai, Xianchang Wang i Li Yan Yuan. "Compiling defeasible inheritance networks to general logic programs". Artificial Intelligence 113, nr 1-2 (wrzesień 1999): 247–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0004-3702(99)00055-7.

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Governatori, Guido, Francesco Olivieri, Antonino Rotolo i Simone Scannapieco. "Computing Strong and Weak Permissions in Defeasible Logic". Journal of Philosophical Logic 42, nr 6 (17.09.2013): 799–829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10992-013-9295-1.

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Covington, M. A. "Logical control of an elevator with defeasible logic". IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 45, nr 7 (lipiec 2000): 1347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/9.867045.

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Prakken, Henry, i Giovanni Sartor. "Argument-based extended logic programming with defeasible priorities". Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics 7, nr 1-2 (styczeń 1997): 25–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11663081.1997.10510900.

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Grooters, Diana, i Henry Prakken. "Two Aspects of Relevance in Structured Argumentation: Minimality and Paraconsistency". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 56 (15.06.2016): 197–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.5058.

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This paper studies two issues concerning relevance in structured argumentation in the context of the ASPIC+ framework, arising from the combined use of strict and defeasible inference rules. One issue arises if the strict inference rules correspond to classical logic. A longstanding problem is how the trivialising effect of the classical Ex Falso principle can be avoided while satisfying consistency and closure postulates. In this paper, this problem is solved by disallowing chaining of strict rules, resulting in a variant of the ASPIC+ framework called ASPIC*, and then disallowing the application of strict rules to inconsistent sets of formulas. Thus in effect Rescher & Manor's paraconsistent notion of weak consequence is embedded in ASPIC*. Another issue is minimality of arguments. If arguments can apply defeasible inference rules, then they cannot be required to have subset-minimal premises, since defeasible rules based on more information may well make an argument stronger. In this paper instead minimality is required of applications of strict rules throughout an argument. It is shown that under some plausible assumptions this does not affect the set of conclusions. In addition, circular arguments are in the new ASPIC* framework excluded in a way that satisfies closure and consistency postulates and that generates finitary argumentation frameworks if the knowledge base and set of defeasible rules are finite. For the latter result the exclusion of chaining of strict rules is essential. Finally, the combined results of this paper are shown to be a proper extension of classical-logic argumentation with preferences and defeasible rules.

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VREESWIJK, GERARD. "Defeasible Dialectics: A Controversy-Oriented Approach towards Defeasible Argumentation". Journal of Logic and Computation 3, nr 3 (1993): 317–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/3.3.317.

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Hu, Ivan. "Defeasible Tolerance and the Sorites". Journal of Philosophy 117, nr 4 (2020): 181–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jphil2020117413.

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I propose a novel solution to the Sorites Paradox. The account vindicates the tolerance of vague predicates in a way that properly addresses the normativity of vagueness while avoiding sorites contradiction, by treating sorites reasoning as a type of defeasible reasoning. I show how this can be done within the setting of a nonmonotonic deontic logic. Central to the proposal is its deontic interpretation of tolerance. I draw a key distinction between two types of tolerance, based on different deontic notions, and show how the account captures key differences between these types of sorites reasoning. I compare the resulting theory to various existing contextualist proposals and argue that it better accounts for the normative aspects of sorites reasoning.

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Alessio, Cláudio Andrés. "Argumentos Máximamente Específicos en Argumentación Rebatible". Manuscrito 39, nr 2 (29.09.2016): 5–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-6045.2016.v39n2.caa.

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Resumen DeLP (Defeasible Logic Programming) is a defeasible argumentation system that captures common sense reasoning features. Examples proposed in the literature show that DeLP gets counterintuitive results. We suggest a possible cause of this problem and we propose an approach to neutralize it. The approach is based on the pre-selection criterion of arguments, called maximal specificity. The criterion establishes that an argument will be considered like maximally specific only if, for every argument based on more specific evidence which does not explain the same conclusion, it explains neither the contrary nor something more general.

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GÓMEZ, SERGIO ALEJANDRO, CARLOS IVÁN CHESÑEVAR i GUILLERMO RICARDO SIMARI. "DEFEASIBLE REASONING IN WEB-BASED FORMS THROUGH ARGUMENTATION". International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 07, nr 01 (marzec 2008): 71–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021962200800282x.

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The notion of forms as a way of organizing and presenting data has been used since the beginning of the World Wide Web. Web-based forms have evolved together with the development of new markup languages, in which it is possible to provide validation scripts as part of the form code to test whether the intended meaning of the form is correct. However, for the form designer, part of this intended meaning frequently involves other features which are not constraints by themselves, but rather attributes emerging from the form, which provide plausible conclusions in the context of incomplete and potentially inconsistent information. As the value of such attributes may change in presence of new knowledge, we call them defeasible attributes. In this paper, we propose extending traditional web-based forms to incorporate defeasible attributes as part of the knowledge that can be encoded by the form designer. The proposed extension allows the specification of scripts for reasoning about form fields using a defeasible knowledge base, expressed in terms of a Defeasible Logic Program.

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LIAO, Bei-Shui. "A Defeasible Logic-Based Flexible Agent for Autonomic Computing". Journal of Software 19, nr 3 (9.07.2008): 605–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1001.2008.00605.

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