Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Database- Government policy”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Zobacz listy aktualnych artykułów, książek, rozpraw, streszczeń i innych źródeł naukowych na temat „Database- Government policy”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Database- Government policy"
1
Felipe, Jesus, i Scott Fullwiler. "ADB COVID-19 Policy Database: A Guide". Asian Development Review 37, nr 2 (wrzesień 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/adev_a_00147.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The ADB COVID-19 Policy Database displays the measures taken and monetary amounts announced or estimated by the 68 members of the Asian Development Bank, two institutions, and nine other economies (i.e., a total of 79 entries) until May 2020, to fight the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Measures are classified according to (i) the path a given measure takes to affect the financial system, spending, production, and so forth, i.e., provide liquidity, encourage credit creation by the financial sector, or directly fund households; and (ii) the effects on the financial statements of households, businesses, government, i.e., whether the measures create more debt or more income. This gives a total of nine categories. When the information is available, we report the amounts that governments have announced (intentions) they will allocate to each measure (in many cases, no amount is provided because the measure does not entail spending, e.g., interest rate reductions). These are a mix of actual amounts and estimates, today and in the future (without specifying when). The database will be updated, revised, and expanded as information is released. It is available at https://covid19policy.adb.org/.
2
Mirza, Ahmad Haidar. "Poverty Data Model as Decision Tools in Planning Policy Development". Scientific Journal of Informatics 5, nr 1 (21.05.2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/sji.v5i1.14022.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Poverty is the main problem in a country both in developing countries to the developed countries, both in structural poverty, cultural and natural. That is, poverty is no longer seen as a measure of the failure of the Government to protect and fulfill the fundamental rights of its citizens but as a challenge of the nation to realize a fair society, prosperous and dignified sovereign. Various efforts have been made in determining government policy measures in an effort to overcome poverty, one of them by conducting a survey to assess the poor. The results of the survey of the various activities of the organization obtained a variety of database versions poverty to areas or locations. The information generated from the poverty database only includes recapitulation of poor people to the area or location. One step is to process the data on poverty in a process of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) to form a data mining poverty. Data mining is a logical combination of knowledge of data, and statistical analysis developed in the knowledge business or a process that uses statistical techniques, mathematics, artificial intelligence, artificial and machine-learning to extract and identify useful information for the relevant knowledge from various large databases.
3
Lim, Dong-Jin, i Kyung Deuk Kwon. "Policy conflicts and factors affecting conflict resolution in South Korea". International Journal of Conflict Management 31, nr 1 (18.09.2019): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-03-2019-0057.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Purpose This paper aims to identify and explore the overall frequency and characteristics of policy conflicts, with a focus upon those factors affecting conflict resolutions in South Korea. Design/methodology/approach The study uses data from cases of conflict from the Korean Public Policy Conflict Database (KPPCDB) (1948-2014). For the analysis of data, chi-squared test and multinomial logistic regression are used. Findings The findings show a total of 2,030 policy conflicts in 1948-2014, most of which were conflicts of interest (47.9 per cent). More than 70 per cent (71.2 per cent) were policy conflicts between the government and the private sector; the field with the most policy conflicts was regional development (21.0 per cent), and 84.1 per cent of all policy conflicts were resolved. The factors that affected conflict resolution by interest were conflicts between the government and private sector, authoritarian government, national regions and capital areas. Practical implications This paper suggests reforming the current procedures of conflict management, adopting alternative dispute resolutions, and developing a social-consensus-building process for efficiently resolving conflicts. Originality/value This study built a database (KPPCDB) examining 66 years of conflict cases that took place between 1948, the year the Korean Government was established, and 2014. This database covers all cases of policy conflicts that occurred in Korea and provides a comprehensive understanding of the phenomena of policy conflicts and conflict resolution.
4
Supendi, Supendi. "Government Strategic Policy in Agricultural Development". Transparansi : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi 5, nr 2 (21.12.2022): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/transparansi.v5i2.2543.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
It is very important to implement agricultural sector policies in Indonesia. The Agricultural Census conducted by the Central Statistics Agency provides agricultural data needs both at the national and global levels. The policy in the 2023 Agricultural Census (ST2023) activities is designed so that the results obtained are of international standard. The International Standard Agricultural Census refers to the FAO program known as the World Program for the Census of Agriculture (WCA). With the realization of Food Security starting from the individual and household levels, villages, sub-districts, districts, provinces to National Food Security becomes a national goal.
Through food security policies, one of the important elements of national security can be implemented. Therefore, the government intensively cooperates to realize Food Security and Farmer Welfare. Food security targets in 2024 self-sufficiency in industrial sugar and 2026 self-sufficiency in beef, towards Indonesia's Vision in 2045 to become a World Food Barn. The food policy achievements above have also improved the welfare of farmers. This can be seen from the poverty indicator in rural areas in March 2021 at 13.10 percent, down to 12.53 percent in September 2021. (BPS, 2021). In guarding and ensuring that the structural transformation process can be carried out in a precise and directed manner, various policies that have been and will be implemented need to be supported by an accurate agricultural database.
Then strengthen infrastructure, financial institutions, farmer's markets and others. Capacity building of Human Resources (HR) to become professional and productive. The key actor in agricultural development policy is to utilize the results of the agricultural census. A strategic and sustainable agricultural data ecosystem. Then the availability and accessibility of data and awareness of data users that the data exists. The government needs to make policies that are pro-Agricultural sector right on target.
5
Bonafont, Laura Chaqués, i Anna M. Palau Roqué. "Comparing Law-Making Activities in a Quasi-Federal System of Government". Comparative Political Studies 44, nr 8 (4.05.2011): 1089–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414011405171.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In this article the authors develop a new approach to the study of policy dynamics in a quasi-federal system of government. The goal is to contribute to previous research on comparative federalism by analyzing the variations of issue attention between levels of government and across four regional governments—Andalusia, Catalonia, Galicia, and the Basque Country. To do so the authors follow the policy dynamics approach, developing a comparative and empirical analysis about issue attention across time, territories, and policy subsystems. The analysis relies on an extensive database, created following the methodology of the Comparative Agendas Project, which includes all laws passed from the early 1980s to present. The results indicate that legislative agendas have become increasingly diverse since the 1990s, and this is partly explained by party preferences and the type of government.
6
Xie, Hai, Weikun Zhang i Hanyuan Liang. "Can Local Government Debt Decrease the Pollution Emission of Enterprises?—Evidence from China’s Industrial Enterprises". Sustainability 15, nr 11 (5.06.2023): 9108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15119108.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The rapid growth of local government debt size in China has aroused the attention of academia and policy circles due to its impact on environmental pollution. This paper aims to explore the impact of local government debt size on corporate pollution emissions and its mechanism. This paper uses the China Local Government Debt Database, Industrial Enterprise Database, and Industrial Enterprise Pollution Database from 2006 to 2013, and adopts the two-way fixed effect model and difference-in-differences method to conduct an empirical analysis of industrial enterprises in 31 provinces of China. The results show that the local government debt size has a significant positive impact on corporate pollution emissions, and each unit increase in the local government debt size leads to an increase of 0.002 units in corporate pollution emissions. Further mechanism tests show that this effect is realized through the expansion of regional fixed asset investment and the reduction of enterprise R&D investment. In addition, there is significant heterogeneity among enterprises of different ownership, location, and industry. This paper provides practical references for local governments and micromarket actors to improve environmental protection and debt governance in the new era.
7
Sato, Daisuke, Takeru Shiroiwa i Takashi Fukuda. "PP079 The Construction Of Database Using Japanese National Claims Database". International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317002501.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
INTRODUCTION:In 2014, the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW) in Japan began to assume a cost-effectiveness perspective. Some expensive pharmaceutical and medical devices have been regulated, which resulted in a drastic change of the healthcare system.The Japanese National Insurance Claims Database (NDB) is an administrative database based on claims data from Medical Insurance Claims since 2008. The government enacted the Act on Assurance of Medical Care for Elderly People during health care reform in 2008. In 2006, the MHLW commenced discussions on a framework for the optimization of the healthcare expenses, which aimed to evaluate the structure of the increase in healthcare expenditure.The NDB was developed as a tool for investigation and analysis by the MHLW in the context of the Healthcare reform. In addition, the NDB was used for the development of academic research in order to contribute to the implementation and evaluation of healthcare policy management.A major strength of the NDB is its exhaustiveness or completeness of insurance claims. The NDB collects data from all insured people nationwide and covers all medical institutions in Japan.METHODS:We applied to the Expert Meeting on Provision of Medical Insurance Claims to examine the research plan, items extracted, and data management. Inpatient and Outpatient information was extracted on medical procedures and payment. Diagnoses for both inpatients and outpatients are coded according to the International Classification of Diseases Tenth Edition (ICD-10). The coding of treatments and surgeries follow Japan's local procedure and surgical coding, which was specifically developed for insurance claims.RESULTS:We generated any personally traceable patient ID from the “hash ID” generated by patient name, sex, date of birth, and insurer number with the aim of protecting personal identifying information in the NDB. The disease of stroke was defined to analyze the database for cost-effectiveness analysis, and to connect disease information to. The prescription claims information described pharmaceutical names, prescription date, total dose, and number of days.CONCLUSIONS:Our study showed the new standard way of analysis for cost-effectiveness analysis using the Japanese National Insurance Claims Database.
8
Baumgartner, Frank R., Bryan D. Jones i John Wilkerson. "Comparative Studies of Policy Dynamics". Comparative Political Studies 44, nr 8 (28.04.2011): 947–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414011405160.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Major new understandings of policy change are emerging from a program to measure attention to policies across nations using the same instrument. Participants in this special issue have created new indicators of government activities in 11 countries over several decades. Each database is comprehensive in that it includes information about every activity of its type (e.g., laws, bills, parliamentary questions, prime ministerial speeches) for the time period covered, typically several decades. These databases are linked by a common policy topic classification system, which allows new types of analyses of public policy dynamics over time. The authors introduce the theoretical and practical questions addressed in the volume, explain the nature of the work completed, and suggest some of the ways that this new infrastructure may allow new types of comparative analyses of public policy, institutions, and outcomes. In particular, the authors challenge political scientists to incorporate policy variability into their analyses and to move far beyond the search for partisan and electoral explanations of policy change.
9
Suharto, D. G., i C. E. Tando. "Investment policy and environmental conservation: a systematic literature review on the form of investment policy and stakeholders role". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 905, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012112.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract This research aims to analyze the forms of investment policy that can disrupt environmental conservation and stakeholder role in maintaining environmental conservation. The research method used was a systematic literature review with the following procedures: using keywords in the database to find relevant journal articles, eliminating journals irrelevant with some criteria, and analyzing the findings of journals selected. The research results show that investment policy damaging the environmental conservation is dominated by investment in the energy sector. In addition to the energy sector, another investment policy that can disrupt environmental conservation is investing in the tourism sector; micro-, small-, and medium-scale enterprise (MSME); infrastructure; and plantation sectors. The role of stakeholders participating in environmental conservation efforts due to investment policy builds on local government, central government, and non-government organizations.
10
Ridgway, Allison, i James Watson. "Canada Commons". Charleston Advisor 23, nr 4 (1.04.2022): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.23.4.11.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
As the successor to the Canadian Electronic Library, Canada Commons aims to continue as a source for Canadian e-books and government and policy documents. Holdings include over 19,000 e-books, and indexation and linking to over 133,000 publications. The Canada Commons interface has a simple, appealing design that does not overwhelm the user. Built using Coherent Digital's Commons Platform, it is nearly identical in design and functionality to the company's Policy Commons database. Given the limited number of products geared for the Canadian library market, Canada Commons provides access to Canadian e-books, government and policy documents that users will not get in Gale OneFile: CPI.Q or ProQuest Canadian Business & Current Affairs (CBCA), both of which are standard databases in most Canadian academic libraries. Canada Commons will appeal to public, academic, and corporate library users.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Database- Government policy"
1
Rodriguez, Julio C. "Public Servants' Perceptions of the Cybersecurity Posture of the Local Government in Puerto Rico". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6370.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The absence of legislation, the lack of a standard cybersecurity framework, and the failure to adopt a resilient cybersecurity posture can be detrimental to the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of municipal information systems. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand the cybersecurity posture of municipalities from the perception of public servants serving in information technology (IT) leadership roles in highly populated municipalities in the San Juan-Carolina-Caguas Metropolitan Statistical Area of Puerto Rico. The study was also used to address key factors influencing the cybersecurity posture of these municipalities. The theoretical framework was open system theory used in combination with a conceptual framework encompassing key dimensions influencing digital government. Data were collected using semistructured interviews with 10 public servants working in IT leadership positions in a municipal setting in Puerto Rico. Data analysis involved horizontalization, reduction, elimination, clustering, thematizing, validation, and development of individual and composite textural descriptions. Participants reported that the cybersecurity posture of their municipalities was resilient. Participants also reported that technological changes, politics, the economy, management support, and processes were key elements to achieve a resilient posture. Findings may be used to empower elected officials, policymakers, public servants, and practitioners to manage and improve elements affecting cybersecurity with the goal of achieving a resilient posture to deliver cybersecurity as a public good.
2
Moore, Katie Dyretha. "Knowledge Sharing and Customer Relations in Mobility". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7168.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
After the events of September 11, 2001, inadequacies in how government organizations and agencies shared knowledge and communication with defense mission partners became readily apparent. A reasonable U.S. government information technology expectation is the integrated use of mobile phones across organizations and agencies. Yet, it is difficult to meet this expectation, as the provisioning process for mobile devices can be different for each government organization or agency. The Department of Commerce National Institute of Standards and Technology does not set provisioning standards, and organizations and agencies determine policies tailored to their particular needs. Using Schein's theory on organizational culture, the focus of this phenomenological study was to explore the Mobility provisioning process from the experiences of government customer support personnel. Eleven personnel responded to 10 semistructured interview questions derived from the research question. The data were manually transcribed and then coded, arranged, and analyzed using a software tool. Three major themes emerged from the analyzed data: (a) expand communication with customers and leaders, (b) identify policy guidelines, and (c) streamline and centralize the process. Using these themes, recommendations include enhancing communication among stakeholders, provisioners, and Warfighters, soldiers in the field; implementing standardized user policies; and improving cross-organization and cross-agency provisioning processes. Social change actions include increasing mobility provisioning efficiencies among provisioners, which not only saves time and money, but also provides Warfighters with affordable, dependable, and reliable mobile communications systems.
3
Schindeler, Emily Martha. "A genealogy of the problematic of homelessness and the homeless in Australia". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/32068/1/Emily_Schindeler_Thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The homeless have been subject to considerable scrutiny, historically and within current social, political and public discourse. The aetiology of homelessness has been the focus of a large body of economic, sociological, historical and political investigation. Importantly, efforts to conceptualise, explain and measure, the phenomenon of homelessness and homeless people has occurred largely within the context of defining “the problem of the homeless” and the generation of solutions to the ‘problem’. There has been little consideration of how and why homelessness has come to be seen, or understood, as a problem, or how this can change across time and/or place. This alternative stream of research has focused on tracing and analysing the relationship between how people experiencing homeless have become a matter of government concern and the manner in which homelessness itself has been problematised. With this in mind this study has analysed the discourses - political, social and economic rationalities and knowledges - which have provided the conditions of possibility for the identification of the homeless and homelessness as a problem needing to be governed and the means for translating these discourses into the applied domain. The aim of this thesis has been to contribute to current knowledge by developing a genealogy of the conditions and rationalities that have underpinned the problematisation of homelessness and the homeless. The outcome of this analysis has been to open up the opportunity to consider alternative governmental possibilities arising from the exposure of the way in which contemporary problematisation and responses have been influenced by the past. An understanding of this process creates an ability to appreciate the intended and unintended consequences for the future direction of public policy and contemporary research.
4
Pence, Karen M. "Essays on government policy and household financial decisions". 2001. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
Pełny tekst źródła
5
Bejarano-Ballen, Juan S. "Análisis de los altos cargos de la Generalitat Valenciana". Thesis, 2017. http://eprints.rclis.org/31994/1/TFM_Juan_Sebastian_Bejarano.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The high positions are the political base of the public administration in our country. The citizen knows them fundamentally, through the means, but this image provides a fragmented vision. The websites of the administration offer complete information about them and their competencies, but as a snapshot, of the corresponding legislature. So where is the map of the political power of an administration throughout its history? Nowhere. The dispersion of this information, so significant, and the lack of understanding may be acting to the detriment of the transparency of governments. The interest of the citizens in the politics and in the actions of the politicians supposes a social change in which the maximum is the transparency and the accessibility to the information of public character in a clear and organized form.
The project proposes to build an automated methodology and a prototype of a graph based on this information from unstructured sources that is useful for citizenship and administration in order to relate and organize the information of the Generalitat Valenciana. The model with the data that support it will be released for later reuse and adaptation to other administrations.
6
Diago-Gonzalvo, Sara. "La contratación pública al detalle. Comparador de las licitaciones ofertadas". Thesis, 2017. http://eprints.rclis.org/31774/1/TFM_SARA_DIAGO_MUGI.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Public procurement in Spain accounts for about 20% of the country's Gross Domestic Product. The large amounts of money that are moving in this area and the growing social concern about knowing what the public money is invested forces administrations to adopt measures on transparency and openness of public data. It is in this profile, in which this work is framed, on the one hand, does the public know how transparent the public administration is, and on the other hand, the administration knows what the optimal characteristics for each contract?
The obstacles to comparing this type of information are based on the lack of details of the contracting portals, the different categorizations, the normative plurality and, in short, the difficulty of access to information.
The information of the tenders is mostly published in the different portals of contracting of the Autonomous Communities, in addition to the national portal of public sector contracts. Even so, there remains a great difficulty of access and understanding.
These evidences demonstrate that the development of this project will be relevant for the target audience. In a bid for the transparency of public administrations, the re-use of bidding data and public sector contracts and the improvement of access to information by citizens, proposes the creation of a technological tool capable of making comparisons between contracts and find the existing relationships.
An advance of this project was presented to "Challenges Contribute 2017: The value of the data for the Administration" being selected as one of the ten finalists in Phase I of the 45 projects presented. Phase II of the Challenge will be held in the month of October of this same year.
7
Alharbi, Mohammad. "Developing workplace competencies for Saudi Arabia's youth". Thesis, 2014. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/26223/.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This study explores Saudi Arabian youth employment training programs and identifies factors that may present constraints or opportunities for school leavers training for vocational employment in the largest Saudi business sector, small to medium-sized firms. It also explores the influence of Saudisation and Nitaqat on youth employment programs.
Książki na temat "Database- Government policy"
1
Association, American Public Power, red. State information database on restructuring the electric utility industry through August 1996. Washington, D.C. (2301 M St., N.W., Washington 20037-1484): APPA, 1996.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
2
The next IT revolution?: Cloud computing opportunities and challenges : hearing before the Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, Wednesday, September 21, 2011. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
3
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Government Information Security Act of 1999: Report of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, to accompany S. 1993, to reform government information security by strengthening information security practices throughout the federal government. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
4
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Government Information Security Act of 1999: Report of the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, to accompany S. 1993, to reform government information security by strengthening information security practices throughout the federal government. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
5
Protecting personal information: Is the federal government doing enough? : hearing before the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Tenth Congress, second session, June 18, 2008. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2010.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
6
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. Security of HealthCare.gov: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, first session, November 19, 2013. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
7
Is my data on HealthCare.gov secure?: Hearing before the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, first session, November 19, 2013. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2013.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
8
Federal information security: Current challenges and future policy considerations : hearing before the Subcommittee on Government Management, Organization, and Procurement of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session, March 24, 2010. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2011.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
9
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (2011). Subcommittee on Research and Technology. Can Americans trust the privacy and security of their information on HealthCare.gov?: Joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Research and Technology & Subcommittee on Oversight, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, first session, February 12, 2015. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
10
Cyber attack: Is the government safe? : hearing before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, March 2, 2000. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Database- Government policy"
1
Redonda, Agustin, Christian von Haldenwang i Flurim Aliu. "Tax Expenditure Reporting and Domestic Revenue Mobilization in Africa". W Taxation, International Cooperation and the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, 173–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64857-2_9.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
AbstractThe use of tax expenditures (TEs) is an important fiscal practice that is often overlooked in public spending debates. The fiscal cost as well as the lack of effectiveness of TEs can be significant. This chapter describes the state of TE reporting across the world, focusing on Africa. It begins by explaining in detail what TEs are and what their role in government expenditure is. It proceeds by offering examples of the fiscal cost of these provisions, their (in)effectiveness, and the reasons why they are often hard to remove. The main portion of the chapter focuses on the lack and inconsistency of TE reporting. The chapter provides the first results of the “Global Tax Expenditures Database” (GTED), an ongoing project aiming to increase transparency and boost research in the TE field. The GTED reveals that over 64% of African countries do not provide any information on their TEs, while most of the countries that do report on TEs leave out important information such as the policy objectives and beneficiaries of those provisions. Lastly, using the available data, the chapter reports that, on average, TEs in African countries account for 2.8% of GDP and 17.8% of total tax revenue, and being as high as 7.8% (in Senegal) and 58.4% (in Mauritania), respectively.
2
Amelung, Nina, Rafaela Granja i Helena Machado. "Germany". W Modes of Bio-Bordering, 55–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8183-0_4.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Germany’s DNA database was established in 1998 and grew into one of the mid-sized databases in the EU. Under the leadership of its Minister of the Interior, Germany was among the countries that drove the creation of the Prüm system and was among the first signatories of the Prüm Treaty in 2005. The 2007 German Presidency of the EU, along with the European Commission, also pushed for the integration of the Convention of Prüm into an EU legal framework. In terms of bordering practices, the German situation serves to illustrate an expansive and diffusive mode of debordering. This expansiveness is documented by the country’s early involvement and comprehensive establishment of data exchange with most of the countries in the system; this diffusive character is illustrated by the string-pulling practices employed by Germany, and some other Member States’ governments, to influence transnational police collaboration in the EU.
3
Jennings, Jay, Stefanie Kasparek i Joseph McLaughlin. "Pennsylvania Policy Database Project". W Comparative Policy Agendas, 210–16. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198835332.003.0024.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Pennsylvania Policy Database Project is the first sub-national digital archive within the Comparative Agendas Project. It provides a wide range of government documents, public opinion records, and media data going back as far as 1979. This chapter provides a historical overview and the general political context to the government system of Pennsylvania. In addition to the information available at the Comparative Agendas Project websites, the Pennsylvania Policy Database Project website maintains further extensive supplementary datasets on Pennsylvania. To provide an example of how this data can be used, the chapter concludes with an analysis of drinking water safety records and how this policy area relates to natural gas fracking policies in Pennsylvania.
4
Mishra, Brojo Kishore, i Abhaya Kumar Sahoo. "Application of Big Data in Economic Policy". W Web Services, 2289–307. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7501-6.ch118.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Now-a-days main factor of any information in different fields is data. Different database like relational, object-oriented database is very different from traditional database in case of data retrieval, data management and data updation. So, Data mining is a process of extracting hidden knowledge or useful pattern from huge amount of data in case of efficient databases. As amount of data increases day by day, so it is very difficult to manage related data to different fields. Big data analysis takes a major role for accessing, managing and manipulating of both structured and unstructured data. It is possible to transform business, government and other aspects of the economy by big data. In this chapter, we discuss how big data analytics can be applied in economic policy of government and private sector for making better decision. Here we can use map-reduce programming model provided by Hadoop for analysis of big data in economic policy management.
5
Mishra, Brojo Kishore, i Abhaya Kumar Sahoo. "Application of Big Data in Economic Policy". W Research Advances in the Integration of Big Data and Smart Computing, 178–97. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8737-0.ch010.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Now-a-days main factor of any information in different fields is data. Different database like relational, object-oriented database is very different from traditional database in case of data retrieval, data management and data updation. So, Data mining is a process of extracting hidden knowledge or useful pattern from huge amount of data in case of efficient databases. As amount of data increases day by day, so it is very difficult to manage related data to different fields. Big data analysis takes a major role for accessing, managing and manipulating of both structured and unstructured data. It is possible to transform business, government and other aspects of the economy by big data. In this chapter, we discuss how big data analytics can be applied in economic policy of government and private sector for making better decision. Here we can use map-reduce programming model provided by Hadoop for analysis of big data in economic policy management.
6
Sonntagbauer, Susanne, Peter Sonntagbauer, Kawa Nazemi i Dirk Burkhardt. "The FUPOL Policy Lifecycle". W Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 61–87. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6236-0.ch005.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The purpose of this chapter is to outline an advanced policy lifecycle, the FUPOL model with its ability to link technical features in the area of policy modeling. The FUPOL Policy Lifecycle is based on 6 stages, which are further divided into 8 main tasks. These main tasks are split up into 19 subtasks to provide a very detailed policy lifecycle structure. The detailed breakdown allows one to link each task to various technical features, such as opinion maps, policy indicator dashboard, knowledge database, and simulation and visualization tools. The chapter further argues that the methodology applied is future proof and has the potential of accommodating new technologies in the future.
7
Bajaj, Akhilesh, i Sudha Ram. "A Comprehensive Framework Towards Information Sharing Between Government Agencies". W E-Government Diffusion, Policy, and Impact, 43–59. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-130-8.ch004.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Recently, there has been increased interest in sharing digitized information between government agencies, with the goals of improving security, reducing costs, and offering better quality service to users of government services. The bulk of previous work in interagency information sharing has focused largely on the sharing of structured information among heterogeneous data sources, whereas government agencies need to share data with varying degrees of structure ranging from free text documents to relational data. In this work, we explore the different technologies available to share information. Specifically, our framework discusses the optional data storage mechanisms required to support a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). We compare XML document, free text search engine, and relational database technologies and analyze the pros and cons of each approach. We explore these options along the dimensions of information definition, information storage, the access to this information, and finally the maintenance of shared information.
8
Langton, Marcia, Odette Mazel i Lisa Palmer. "Agreements Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Database". W Database Technologies, 1472–76. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-058-5.ch089.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Agreements Treaties and Negotiated Settlements (ATNS) database (www.atns.net.au) is an online gateway and resource that links current information, historical detail and published material relating to agreements made between indigenous peoples and others in Australia and overseas. Designed for use by indigenous and other community organisations, researchers, government and industry bodies, the ATNS database includes information on agreements not only relating to land, but those made in the areas of health, education, research, policy and indigenous relations. Since its public launch in 2003, the database has become an important research facility and is the only resource of its kind in Australia that demonstrates the range and variety of agreement making with indigenous peoples in various jurisdictions.
9
Breunig, Christian, i Tinette Schnatterer. "Political Agendas in Germany". W Comparative Policy Agendas, 97–104. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198835332.003.0010.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter describes the German political system and connects its working to agenda-setting theories. Given its institutional configuration, politics and policy-making in Germany is typically described in terms of deliberation, moderation, and gridlock. We introduce six data series—public opinion, party platforms, policy processes, government speeches, parliamentary questions, bills and laws—that comprise agenda-setting in Germany. The data for these political activities are obtained from official sources. We delineate the processing and coding of these series. A brief application that examines the German reunification process illustrates the potential of the database. The illustration shows that reunification has not really been politicized but occupied considerable agenda space in government speeches and legislation.
10
Langton, Marcia, Odette Mazel i Lisa Palmer. "Agreements Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Database". W Information Technology and Indigenous People, 266–71. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-298-5.ch035.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Agreements Treaties and Negotiated Settlements (ATNS) database (www.atns.net.au) is an online gateway and resource that links current information, historical detail and published material relating to agreements made between indigenous peoples and others in Australia and overseas. Designed for use by indigenous and other community organisations, researchers, government and industry bodies, the ATNS database includes information on agreements not only relating to land, but those made in the areas of health, education, research, policy and indigenous relations. Since its public launch in 2003, the database has become an important research facility and is the only resource of its kind in Australia that demonstrates the range and variety of agreement making with indigenous peoples in various jurisdictions.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Database- Government policy"
1
Parmar, Jitendra. "A classification based approach to create database policy for Intrusion Detection and Respond anomaly requests". W 2014 Conference on IT in Business, Industry and Government (CSIBIG). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csibig.2014.7056934.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Dhivani Gusmi, Adibah, i Achmad Nurmandi. "Algorithmic Government Framework to Support Government Data Disclosure". W 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002779.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This study aims to analyze the working concept of government algorithms in supporting government data openness. The focus of this research was on the United States, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Spain. In the digital era, the government is guided to be active in providing information to the public. This study focuses on implementing data disclosure in the United States, England, the Netherlands, and Spain. This study uses qualitative methods, and the tools used for statistical and bibliometric analysis are VOSviewer and NVivo Plus 12. The data sources for this research are 363 articles on Open Government. Data has increased in the last ten years in the Scopus database. The data analysis phase of this research uses VOSviewer with simple statistical and bibliometric analysis. The results of data analysis show that the most popular keywords are information, ogd itself, and citizens. The trend found that many studies focused more on transparency, information, citizens, and OGD. However, the keywords used also change every year. Each country has a different algorithm for open government. The United States finds more transparency in compiling data. Meanwhile, the UK talks more about the availability of data to make digital government implemented efficiently. It also strengthens the policy that the Netherlands enforces open government data to investigate criminal cases that refer to citizen/community involvement in the Netherlands. Lastly, Spain pays attention to the transparency used to inform some policies in Spain. In the four countries mentioned transparency and information. Also, it is stated that citizen engagement is also a significant finding in each article. However, there are failures to have open government data mainly due to the site and its licenses. They examined the open data that the government uses today as part of an algorithm that has worked previously with experts in computers and information technology.
3
Murat, Biegzat, Ed Noyons i Rodrigo Costas. "Exploratory analysis of policy document sources in Altmetric.com and Overton". W 27th International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (STI 2023). International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55835/6442b915bdab695b3f03d666.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Policy documents are one of the altmetric sources most crucial for comprehending the interaction between science and policy. In policy documents, the source is usually the institution or organization that published the given policy document. In this study we compare the policy document sources indexed by Altmetric.com and Overton. Altmetric.com is an altmetric aggregator that has been around for over a decade. Overton is a newer database aiming at being the most complete collection of international policy documents. Our findings reveal that Overton covered more policy organizations than Altmetric.com, although the overlap in sources is quite small. This low overlap may suggest that both data aggregators may be using slightly different operationalizations of their notion of “policy documents”, which calls for more transparency on what notion of policy documents and policy organizations are considered by them. Regarding policy organizations indexed by both data aggregators, most policy documents are published by government and non-profit organizations. Future research should delve more into the different policy organizations that are being covered in Overton and Altmetric.com, as well as their geographical distribution.
4
Cheng, Ching-Ching, i Shan-Shan Cheng. "IMPLEMENTING A NATIONAL DATABASE ON YOUNG CHILDREN'S LEARNING: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF A LONGITUDINAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE QUALITY OF PRESCHOOLS". W 5th International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education. Scientia Socialis Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2023.58.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In recent years, many policies have been formulated and strongly promoted to improve the quality of early childhood education. In 2012, the Taiwanese government enacted a new national curriculum framework for early childhood education to enhance the quality of early childhood education programs. This new framework is key competence-oriented, meaning preschool educators must focus on children's learning and inquiry processes when designing the curriculum. A series of projects collecting information on the quality of the learning environment and learning outcomes of children aged 2 to 9, called the Early Childhood Learning Database, was built to understand the effectiveness of the curriculum reform. As a longitudinal study, young children's learning is long-term tracked and analyzed to understand the authentic situation and relevant factors to form a policy for optimizing education quality. The preliminary analysis confirmed the positive influence of the new curriculum. Keywords: early childhood education, curriculum reform, learning database, quality of preschools
5
Escobar, Rodrigo, i Teresita Larrain. "Net Energy for Concentrated Solar Power in Chile". W ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54130.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Chilean Energy Policy calls for 15 percent of new power generation capacity to come from renewable energy sources from 2006 to 2010, and then a 5% of electric energy generated from renewable energy sources with gradual increases in order to reach 10% by 2024. Neither the government nor the power generation sector plans mention solar energy to be part of the renewable energy initiative. Part of this apparent lack of interest in solar energy might be due to the absence of a valid solar energy database, adequate for energy system planning activities. Monthly means of solar radiation are used in order to estimate the solar fraction for a 100 MW plant for four given locations. Our analysis considers two cases: operation during sunlight hours, and continuous operation during 24 hours a day. A net energy analysis for concentrated solar power (CSP) plants in Chile is then performed, considering the energy costs of manufacturing, transport, installation, operation and decommissioning. The results indicate that the CSP plants are a net energy source in three of the four locations, when operating in sunlight-only mode. This is due to the lower radiation levels available at that location, which implies a high fossil fuel back-up fraction. In the continuous operation mode, the CSP plants become fossil fuel plants with solar assistance, and therefore all locations display negative net energy. Based on this result, the back-up fraction required for the plants to be net energy sources is estimated from the EROEI as function of the back-up fraction. It is estimated that the net energy analysis is a useful tool for determining under which conditions a CSP plant becomes a net energy source, and thus can be utilized in order to define geographical locations and operation conditions where they can be considered renewable energy sources.
6
Nóbrega, Thiago, Carlos Eduardo S. Pires i Dimas Cassimiro Nascimento. "Towards Auditable and Intelligent Privacy-Preserving Record Linkage". W Anais Estendidos do Simpósio Brasileiro de Banco de Dados. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbbd_estendido.2021.18170.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Privacy-Preserving Record Linkage (PPRL) intends to integrate private/sensitive data from several data sources held by different parties. It aims to identify records (e.g., persons or objects) representing the same real-world entity over private data sources held by different custodians. Due to recent laws and regulations (e.g., General Data Protection Regulation), PPRL approaches are increasingly demanded in real-world application areas such as health care, credit analysis, public policy evaluation, and national security. As a result, the PPRL process needs to deal with efficacy (linkage quality), and privacy problems. For instance, the PPRL process needs to be executed over data sources (e.g., a database containing personal information of governmental income distribution and assistance programs), with an accurate linkage of the entities, and, at the same time, protect the privacy of the information. Thus, this work intends to simplify the PPRL process by facilitating real-world applications (such as medical, epidemiologic, and populational studies) to reduce legal and bureaucratic efforts to access and process the data, making these applications' execution more straightforward for companies and governments. In this context, this work presents two major contributions to PPRL: i) an improvement to the linkage quality and simplify the process by employing Machine Learning techniques to decide whether two records represent the same entity, or not; and ii) we enable the auditability the computations performed during PPRL.
7
Pertiwi, Dian Ayu, i Dumilah Ayuningtyas. "Policy Analysis of Leprosy Control: A Systematic Review". W The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.18.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
ABSTRACT Background: Leprosy is a slowly progressive and chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprosy. In many parts of the world, this is a very serious and humiliating disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are the most important strategies to control it. This study aimed to describe and analyze specific policies and strategies for people with leprosy. Subject and Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching articles in 2 electronic databases, namely PubMed and Mendeley. The articles were collected based on PRISMA flow diagram. Results: From the ten articles that were collected, it was reported that the leprosy control policy could be carried out in several ways: (1) including government policies related to socio-economy, especially for the poor (2) eliminating the negative stigma about leprosy sufferers, and (3) the system of giving drug therapy through Multi-Drug Therapy. Of the seven journals that are a synthesis review, other things need to be considered related to leprosy control, including gender and leprosy diagnosis must be made as soon as possible before lepers suffer from a worse illness. Conclusion: socio-economic policies, eliminating stigma, providing drug therapy with MDT can reduce leprosy in a region. Keywords: leprosy control, systematic review Correpondence: Dian Ayu Pertiwi. Public Health Masters Program, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Email: madd209@yahoo.com. Mobile: 082124901758 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.18
8
Dingyu, Library. "The subject construction and services of video information resources in a university: Combining with the self-built special video database of Guangdong police officers college's". W 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5886754.
Pełny tekst źródła
9
Ortega, Alberto, Rodrigo Escobar i Sergio Colle. "Solar Energy Resource Assessment for Chile". W ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54128.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Chilean government’s energy policy and the power generation sector plans include wind, geothermal, hydro and biomass powerplants in order to introduce renewable energy systems to the country, but they do not mention solar energy to be a part of the plan. This apparent lack of interest in solar energy is partly due to the absence of a valid solar energy database, adequate for energy system planning activities. The only available solar radiation database is relatively old, with measurements taken in 89 stations from the 60’s onwards, obtained with high-uncertainty sensors such as Campbell-Stokes devices and pyranographs. Moreover, not all stations have measured incoming solar radiation for an adequate time span. Here, we compare the existing database of solar radiation in Chile with estimations made with satellite measurements, obtained from the GOES program through collaboration with the Brazilian space institution, INPE. Monthly mean solar energy maps are created from both data sources and compared, using Krigging methods for spatial interpolation. It is found that a maximum 30 percent deviation exist, with snow covers in the Andes Mountains adding additional uncertainty levels. The solar energy levels throughout the country can be considered as high, and it is thought that they are adequate for energy planning given proper diffusion and support by editing a Chilean Solar Atlas.
10
Qema, Fatmira. "Social Protection Intervention to Attain Sustainable Development Goal One in Albania". W 7th FEB International Scientific Conference. University of Maribor, University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.3.2023.24.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
One of the principles of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, is progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals. In line with the first strategic goal, poverty reduction is one of the main priorities of the new strategy. The objective of this study is to assess social protection interventions in Albania to determine the extent to which they contribute to the achievement of the first Sustainable Development Goal, which aims to reduce poverty. The methodology used in this study consists in the examination of policy and legal documents related to social protection and, in particular, to economic support, as well as in the quantitative analysis of data available in databases. The results show that social protection requires government intervention to improve the welfare of citizens and that the methodology for calculating the subsistence minimum in the Republic of Albania should be developed and approved to serve as a guide and official reference for determining economic support.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Database- Government policy"
1
Chhoeung, Norinmony, Sesokunthideth Chrea i Nghia Nguyen. Cambodia’s Cash Transfer Program during COVID-19. Asian Development Bank Institute, grudzień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/rrmz8095.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In 2019, Cambodia had been enjoying its steady economic growth until the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic hit the country from February 2020 in the form of severe infectious diseases, causing both economic and social problems for people from all walks of life, especially poor and vulnerable families. The IDPoor Equity Card, a poverty identification and registration system, was introduced in Cambodia to provide cash to poor pregnant women and children since 2016. Given its continued success, Cambodian Prime Minister Samdech Hun Sen announced the implementation of the Cash Transfer Program (CTP) using the IDPoor Card system. The CTP provided cash to poor and vulnerable households across the country affected by the pandemic. Executing the first large-scale cash transfer program in history presented significant challenges for the Government of Cambodia. In addition to implementing the program, which had to adhere to the three principles of equity–equality–efficiency, the government had other challenges to overcome, such as the limited number of tablets and facilities to accommodate the many people waiting in line to withdraw cash. Under the guidance of the central government, particularly the Economic and Finance Policy Committee, a technical working group was established to lead the implementation process; coordination among local governments, local councils, agencies, and the poor and needy; review of the IDPoor database; establishment of the digital payment system; and training of local government staff. This enabled the CTP to effectively distribute cash to poor and vulnerable households during the pandemic.
2
González, Pablo, Andrés E. Fernández-Vergara, Gemma Rojas i Luis Vilugrón. The Political Economy of Regulation: Chile’s Educational Reforms since the Return of Democracy. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), marzec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-2023/pe12.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper analyses three key political economy issues in Chile after the return of democracy in 1990: the prioritisation of learning; teacher's career and evaluation (intimately linked in the case of Chile); and quality assurance. The first issue is divided in turn in two subtopics: the identification of learning as the key educational policy objective and whether educational quality is made a priority by the government. The findings suggest a longstanding and sustained effort of successive approximations to better solutions that address the technical limitations and political restrictions that shaped reforms and policies, in a complicated path dependent process that will be analysed throughout this paper. All three issues are addressed in 26 interviews with key actors, the relevant legislation histories' as well as a national database of written media in the period 2007-2018, with special focus in the time span of legislative discussion of relevant initiatives.
3
Ama Pokuaa, Fenny, Aba Obrumah Crentsil, Christian Kwaku Osei i Felix Ankomah Asante. Fiscal and Public Health Impact of a Change in Tobacco Excise Taxes in Ghana. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), listopad 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.003.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This working paper predicts the fiscal and public health outcomes from a change in the excise tax structure for cigarettes in Ghana. More than 5,000 people are killed by diseases caused by tobacco every year in Ghana (Tobacco Atlas 2018). Currently the country has a unitary tax administration approach, with a uniform ad valorem tax structure on all excisable products, including tobacco. However, the ECOWAS directive on tobacco control, in line with the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO 2003), recommends a simple tax structure – using a mixed excise system with a minimum specific tax floor to overcome the limitations of an ad valorem system on tobacco products, especially cigarettes. The study therefore simulates mixed tax policy interventions, and assesses their effect on government revenue and public health relative to the current ad valorem tax system. Primary data collection of tobacco prices in three geographical zones of the country was conducted in February 2020, across both rural and urban localities. This was supported with secondary data from national and international databases. Based on the assumption that Ghana adopts a mixed tax structure, the simulation shows that, if the government imposes a specific excise tax of GH₵4.00 (US$0.80) per pack in addition to the current ad valorem rate of 175 per cent of the CIF value, the average retail price of a cigarette pack would increase by 128 per cent, cigarette consumption decrease by 27 per cent, tobacco excise tax revenue increase by 627 per cent, and overall tobacco-related government tax revenue increase by 201 per cent.1 Additionally, there would be significant declines in smoking prevalence (3.3%), smoking intensity (1,448 cigarettes per year), and 3,526 premature smoking-related deaths would be avoided. The paper advocates for a strong tax administration and technical capacity, with continuous commitment by the government to adjust the tax rate in line with the rate of inflation and per capita income growth.
4
Malek, Mohammad Abdul, Aiko Kikkawa, Yasuyuki Sawada i Abdul Kalam Azad. Rural Development in Bangladesh Over Four Decades: Findings from Mahabub Hossain Panel Data and the Way Forward. Asian Development Bank Institute, grudzień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/ppxg8315.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Mahabub Hossain Panel Data (MHPD) was initiated in 1988 and maintained by and named after the late Mahabub Hossain, a well-known agricultural and development economist who led a number of reputed organizations in Bangladesh (Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies and BRAC) and in the region (International Rice Research Institute). We portray the historical context, sampling evolution, survey structure and methodology, and academic and policy contributions of the MHPD with some lessons learned for the next step forward. The MHPD has tracked rural households for a period of over 3 decades (1988–2014) with five waves of household surveys covering over 2,800 households and has collected a wide range of information on household composition, schooling of household members, assets, cropping intensity and patterns including cost and return, employment and income, consumption, participation in different government and nongovernment programs. We reviewed several books and journal articles authored by Mahabub Hossain and related academic papers and documents and collated information on MHPD, including (i) mapping out information on past and ongoing panel or cross-sectional household survey data series in Bangladesh; (ii) undertaking the review of all past rounds of MHPD survey documents, such as survey implementation plans, questionnaires, codebooks, databases, and processed data; (iii) consulting relevant stakeholders, including the past implementers of the surveys and the users of the data as needed to validate documented information; (iv) taking stock of the contribution of MHPD to academic literature and policy development; and (v) drawing a number of lessons learned for future data collection and policy making. The report aims to (i) serve as a comprehensive reference document for scholars and policy makers who wish to understand MHPD for possible use in their research; and (ii) provide a comprehensive baseline from which we can consider ways to enhance MHPD further to continue contributing to understanding the economic and social issues of today and near future. By compiling all associated research work based on MHPD, we offer a historical landscape of Bangladesh’s social and economic development and a credible explanation for the Bangladesh development model for global comparison.
5
Dudoit, Alain, Molivann Panot i Thierry Warin. Towards a multi-stakeholder Intermodal Trade-Transportation Data-Sharing and Knowledge Exchange Network. CIRANO, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/mvne7282.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The performance of supply chains used to be mainly the concern of academics and professionals who studied the potential efficiencies and risks associated with this aspect of globalisation. In 2021, major disruptions in this critical sector of our economies are making headlines and attracting the attention of policy makers around the world. Supply chain bottlenecks create shortages, fuel inflation, and undermine economic recovery. This report provides a transversal and multidisciplinary analysis of the challenges and opportunities regarding data interoperability and data sharing as they relate to the ‘Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Seaway Trade Corridor’ (GLSLTC)’s intermodal transportation and trade data strategy. The size and scope of this trade corridor are only matched by the complexity of its multimodal freight transportation systems and growing urbanization on both sides of the Canada-US border. This complexity is exacerbated by the lack of data interoperability and effective collaborations between the different stakeholders within the various jurisdictions and amongst them. Our analytical work relies on : 1) A review of the relevant documentation on the latest challenges to supply chains (SC), intermodal freight transport and international trade, identifying any databases that are to be used.; 2) A comparative review of selected relevant initiatives to give insights into the best practices in digital supply chains implemented in Canada, the United States, and the European Union.; 3) Interviews and discussions with experts from Transport Canada, Statistics Canada, the Canadian Centre on Transportation Data (CCTD) and Global Affairs Canada, as well as with CIRANO’s research community and four partner institutions to identify databases and data that they use in their research related to transportation and trade relevant data availabilities and methodologies as well as joint research opportunities. Its main findings can be summarized as follow: GLSLTC is characterized by its critical scale, complexity, and strategic impact as North America’s most vital trade corridor in the foreseeable further intensification of continental trade. 4% of Canadian GDP is attributed to the Transportation and Logistics sector (2018): $1 trillion of goods moved every year: Goods and services imports are equivalent to 33% of Canada’s GDP and goods and services exports equivalent to 32%. The transportation sector is a key contributor to the achievement of net-zero emissions commitment by 2050. All sectors of the Canadian economy are affected by global supply chain disruptions. Uncertainty and threats extend well beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic. “De-globalization” and increasing supply chains regionalization pressures are mounting. Innovation and thus economic performance—increasingly hinges on the quantity and quality of data. Data is transforming Canada’s economy/society and is now at the center of global trade “Transport data is becoming less available: Canada needs to make data a priority for a national transportation strategy.” * “How the Government of Canada collects, manages, and governs data—and how it accesses and shares data with other governments, sectors, and Canadians—must change.”