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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Data center utilisation"
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Frias, Patricio A., Matthew Oster, Patricia A. Daley i Jeffrey R. Boris. "Outpatient echocardiography in the evaluation of innocent murmurs in children: utilisation benchmarking". Cardiology in the Young 26, nr 3 (23.04.2015): 499–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951115000517.
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AbstractObjectivesWe sought to benchmark the utilisation of echocardiography in the outpatient evaluation of heart murmurs by evaluating two large paediatric cardiology centres.BackgroundAlthough criteria exist for appropriate use of echocardiography, there are no benchmarking data demonstrating its utilisation.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of outpatients aged between 0 and 18 years at the Sibley Heart Center Cardiology and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Division of Cardiology, given a sole diagnosis of “innocent murmur” from 1 July, 2007 to 31 October, 2010. Using internal claims data, we compared the utilisation of echocardiography according to centre, patient age, and physician years of service.ResultsOf 23,114 eligible patients (Sibley Heart Center Cardiology: 12,815, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Division of Cardiology: 10,299), 43.1% (Sibley Heart Center Cardiology: 45.2%, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Division of Cardiology: 40.4%; p<0.001) underwent echocardiography. There was wide variability in the utilisation of echocardiography by individual physicians at both centres (Sibley Heart Center Cardiology 18.3–85.5%, median 45.4%; Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Division of Cardiology 13.9–81.8%, median 34.7%, p=0.45). Children in their first month of life represented the group with highest utilisation of echocardiography (62.3%), whereas children aged >1–5 years had the lowest utilisation (32.7%).ConclusionsIn two large paediatric cardiology practices, the overall utilisation of echocardiography by physicians with a sole diagnosis of innocent murmur was similar. There was significant and similar variability in utilisation by provider at both centres. Although these data serve as initial benchmarking, the variability in utilisation highlights the importance of appropriate use criteria.
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Modi, Yogesh, Alka Suri, Pallavi Gupta i Ravi Karan Sahu. "Utilisation of Scholarly Communication through DRDO E-journal Consortium during 2012-2017". DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology 38, nr 6 (2.11.2018): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/djlit.38.6.12991.
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<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Timely, speedy dissemination of latest information is the benchmark of any information and documentation </span><span>center, but utilisation of e-journals is an important factor for its significance and cost effectiveness. However, in R&D community especially for defence R&D, where scientists are involved in core technology areas, value of information is more important instead of its utilisation. The aim of the study is to find out the utilisation of e-journals with cost effectiveness under Consortium, which was established in the year 2009 for resource sharing among DRDO labs with least expenses. The data was analysed for the period 2011-2017 to know the current trends of utilisation under Consortium. Feedbacks and suggestions were collected from all DRDO users to evaluate the importance of information and its effectiveness. The study shows that productivity of DRDO scientists in publications were increased in high </span><span>impact factor journal and majority of scientists preferred e-journals instead of print subscriptions. </span></p></div></div></div>
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Bytyqi, Hasime Qorraj, Rexhep Hoxha, Elton Bahtiri, Valon Krasniqi i Shaip Krasniqi. "Antibiotic Utilization in Pediatric Hospitalized Patients – A Single Center Study". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, nr 2 (24.03.2017): 256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.045.
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BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs in paediatrics. In most cases, antibiotics are started on an empirical basis, without proof of a bacterial infection, either before the start of therapy or afterwards.AIM: The main objective of this study was to analyse the consumption of antibiotics in hospitalised paediatric patients.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study investigated the consumption of antimicrobials in defined daily doses (DDDs according to the Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical/DDD index) in Pulmonology, Gastroenterology and Nephrology Departments at Pediatric Clinic of the tertiary hospital. The data on the consumption of antimicrobials were collected for five years by using properly designed form. The consumption was related to days of hospital care.RESULTS: The most utilised antibiotics group in all three departments Pulmonology, Gastroenterology and Nephrology Departments were penicillins. Cephalosporins were mostly used in Pulmonology department. Metronidazole and Chloramphenicol were used in minimal quantities in all three departments.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that surveillance programs on antibiotic resistance should be established and accompanied by analyses of drug utilisation data which can aid in the creation of valid cross-national studies on antibiotic usage and resistance, to motivate improvements in prescribing and guideline-directed antibiotic prescribing.
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Sori, Demisew Amenu, Gurmesa Tura Debelew, Lema Seboka Degefa i Zerihun Asefa. "Continuous quality improvement strategy for increasing immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptive use at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia". BMJ Open Quality 12, nr 1 (luty 2023): e002051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2022-002051.
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BackgroundEven though the immediate postpartum period is a golden time and a great opportunity to provide long-acting reversible contraceptives to prevent unintended pregnancy, its utilisation is very low in Ethiopia. Quality of care in postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptive provision is thought to be an issue for this low utilisation. Thus, continuous quality improvement intervention is necessary to increase the use of postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptives at Jimma University Medical Center.MethodA quality improvement intervention to offer long-acting reversible contraceptive methods to immediate postpartum women at Jimma University Medical Center was initiated in June 2019. To study the baseline prevalence of long-acting reversible contraceptive use at Jimma Medical Centre over 8 weeks, we reviewed postpartum family planning registration logbooks and patients’ charts. Based on the baseline data, the quality gaps were identified, prioritised and change ideas were generated and tested over another 8 weeks towards achieving the immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptive prevalence target set.ResultThis new intervention resulted in an average increase in immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptive methods use from 6.9% to 25.4% by the end of the project intervention. The major barriers to low long-acting reversible contraceptive use were lack of attention from hospital administrative staff and quality improvement teams on the provision of long-acting reversible contraceptives, lack of training of healthcare providers on postpartum contraception and unavailability of contraception commodities at each postpartum service delivery points.Conclusion and recommendationsThe immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraceptive use at Jimma Medical Centre was increased by training of healthcare providers, availing contraception commodities through administrative staff involvement, weekly audit and feedback on contraception use. Thus, training of the newly hired healthcare providers on postpartum contraception, involvement of hospital administrative staff, regular audits and feedback on contraception use is necessary to increase postpartum long-acting reversible contraception uptake.
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Szigethy, Eva, Francis Solano, Meredith Wallace, Dina L. Perry, Lauren Morrell, Kathryn Scott, Megan Jones Bell i Megan Oser. "A study protocol for a non-randomised comparison trial evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of a mobile cognitive–behavioural programme with integrated coaching for anxious adults in primary care". BMJ Open 8, nr 1 (styczeń 2018): e019108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019108.
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IntroductionGeneralised anxiety disorder (GAD) and subclinical GAD are highly prevalent in primary care. Unmanaged anxiety worsens quality of life in patients seen in primary care practices and leads to increased medical utilisation and costs. Programmes that teach patients cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) techniques have been shown to improve anxiety and to prevent the evolution of anxiety symptoms to disorders, but access and engagement have hampered integration of CBT into medical settings.Methods and analysisThis pragmatic study takes place in University of Pittsburgh Medical Center primary care practices to evaluate a coach-supported mobile cognitive– behavioural programme (Lantern) on anxiety symptoms and quality of life. Clinics were non-randomly assigned to either enhanced treatment as usual or Lantern. All clinics provide electronic screening for anxiety and, within clinics assigned to Lantern, patients meeting a threshold level of mild anxiety (ie, >5 on Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Questionnaire (GAD-7)) are referred to Lantern. The first study phase is aimed at establishing feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness. The second phase focuses on long-term impact on psychosocial outcomes, healthcare utilisation and clinic/provider adoption/sustainable implementation using a propensity score matched parallel group study design. Primary outcomes are changes in anxiety symptoms (GAD-7) and quality of life (Short-Form Health Survey) between baseline and 6-month follow-ups, comparing control and intervention. Secondary outcomes include provider and patient satisfaction, patient engagement, durability of changes in anxiety symptoms and quality of life over 12 months and the impact of Lantern on healthcare utilisation over 12 months. Patients from control sites will be matched to the patients who use the mobile app.Ethics and disseminationEthics and human subject research approval were obtained. A data safety monitoring board is overseeing trial data and ethics. Results will be communicated to participating primary care practices, published and presented at clinical and scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03035019.
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Brauer, Ruth, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Kenneth KC Man, Nicole L. Pratt, Rae Woong Park, Soo-Yeon Cho, Yu-Chuan (Jack) Li, Usman Iqbal, Phung-Anh Alex Nguyen i Martijn Schuemie. "Application of a Common Data Model (CDM) to rank the paediatric user and prescription prevalence of 15 different drug classes in South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and Australia: an observational, descriptive study". BMJ Open 10, nr 1 (styczeń 2020): e032426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032426.
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ObjectiveTo measure the paediatric user and prescription prevalence in inpatient and ambulatory settings in South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and Australia by age and gender. A further objective was to list the most commonly used drugs per drug class, per country.Design and settingHospital inpatient and insurance paediatric healthcare data from the following databases were used to conduct this descriptive drug utilisation study: (i) the South Korean Ajou University School of Medicine database; (ii) the Hong Kong Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System; (iii) the Japan Medical Data Center; (iv) Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database and (v) the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Country-specific data were transformed into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model.PatientsChildren (≤18 years) with at least 1 day of observation in any of the respective databases from January 2009 until December 2013 were included.Main outcome measuresFor each drug class, we assessed the per-protocol overall user and prescription prevalence rates (per 1000 persons) per country and setting.ResultsOur study population comprised 1 574 524 children (52.9% male). The highest proportion of dispensings was recorded in the youngest age category (<2 years) for inpatients (45.1%) with a relatively high user prevalence of analgesics and antibiotics. Adrenergics, antihistamines, mucolytics and corticosteroids were used in 10%–15% of patients. For ambulatory patients, the highest proportion of dispensings was recorded in the middle age category (2–11 years, 67.1%) with antibiotics the most dispensed drug overall.ConclusionsCountry-specific paediatric drug utilisation patterns were described, ranked and compared between four East Asian countries and Australia. The widespread use of mucolytics in East Asia warrants further investigation.
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J Kibesa, Saraphina, Yona W Kitua i Daniel W Kitua. "Determinants of Antenatal Healthcare Services Utilisation: A Case of Dodoma, Tanzania". East African Health Research Journal 6, nr 2 (15.12.2022): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v6i2.701.
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Background: Antenatal Care (ANC) coverage is a key determinant of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Low utilization of ANC services and high Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) have been reported in the East African Region. Due to the paucity of information on the determinants of ANC utilization in this region, we conducted the study aiming at exploring factors influencing the utilization of ANC services. We further sought opinions that will aid the improvement of utilization of ANC services. Methods: A triangulation mixed-method study was conducted in August 2021 among forty-five women and ten healthcare providers in a selected health center located in Dodoma Urban District, Tanzania. Information was gathered using semi-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics. The relationship between the outcome variable and the predictor variables was assessed by either the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test and a p value<.05 was considered statistically significant. Manual thematic analysis was used for qualitative data after thorough transcript and documentary reviews. Results: Almost half (48.9%) of the interviewed women attended ANC services at least once during their last pregnancy. Women who reported having a low income and those who spent more than an hour reaching the health facility had poor ANC attendance (p value<.05). The main themed factors that negatively impacted ANC utilization included cultural practices and gender norms, poor communication between partners, and long waiting time at the ANC clinics. Conclusion: Utilization of ANC services was found to be low among women living in Dodoma Urban District. ANC attendance varied with the level of income and the time women spent reachingt the health facility. Cultural practices and gender norms, communication between spouses, and service waiting time were mentioned to influence ANC attendance. Recommendations: Public and private sectors should invest in maternal health, provide affordable services and formulate strategies to improve the accessibility of ANC services. Interventions should target women of low socio-economic class and those living in remote areas. Moreover, schemes to address the sociocultural barriers to ANC utilization need to be formulated.
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Tanaka, Eiichi, Eisuke Inoue, Ayako Shoji, Jonas Nilsson, Christos Papagiannopoulos, Devender Dhanda, Yuri Yoshizawa i in. "Cost-consequence of abatacept as first-line therapy in Japanese rheumatoid arthritis patients using IORRA real-world data". PLOS ONE 17, nr 11 (16.11.2022): e0277566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277566.
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Objectives To investigate the cost-effectiveness of abatacept (ABA) as first-line (1L) therapy in Japanese rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients using data from the Institute of Rheumatology, Rheumatoid Arthritis database. Methods A decision-analytic model was used to estimate the cost per American College of Rheumatology response of at least 50% improvement (ACR50) responder and per patient in Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) remission from a Japanese healthcare payers’ perspective over a 2-year time horizon. Clinical characteristics of patients on ABA-1L were matched with those of patients on ABA second or later line (2L+) or tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi)-1L directly or using propensity scores. Resource utilisation and medical costs were calculated from the Japan Medical Data Center claims database. Parameter uncertainty was addressed by sensitivity and subgroup analyses (age, treatment duration, Japanese version of Health Assessment Questionnaire [J-HAQ] score). Results Incremental costs per member per month (ΔPMPM) for ABA-1L versus TNFi-1L and ABA-2L+ were -1,571 Japanese Yen (JPY) and 81 JPY, respectively. For ABA-1L versus TNFi-1L, ΔPMPM by ACR50 response was -11,715 JPY and by CDAI and SDAI remission 11,602 JPY and 47,003 JPY, respectively. Corresponding costs for ABA-1L were lower for all outcome parameters versus those for ABA-2L+. Scenario analyses showed that ABA-1L was cost-effective over TNFi-1L in patients <65 years for any outcome. Furthermore, ABA-1L was cost-effective over ABA-2L+ for all outcomes in patients with age <65 years, disease duration <5 years and J-HAQ ≥1.5. Conclusions ABA-1L demonstrated a favourable cost-effectiveness profile in RA patients, accruing savings for the Japanese healthcare payers.
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Philippi, Luiz S., Rejane H. R. da Costa i Pablo H. Sezerino. "Domestic Effluent Treatment through Integrated System of Septic Tank and Root Zone". Water Science and Technology 40, nr 3 (1.08.1999): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0152.
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According to national statistical data, only 10% of the Brazilian urban population have their sewage treated. In the rural areas, where people usually treat sewage trough septic tank systems, this value is not greater than 5%. This situation, therefore, depicts a lack of basic sanitation in Brazil, which, in turn, is responsible for the utilisation of individual systems for the treatment of sewage by more than 100 million people. Generally, soils and water rivers are, no longer, the last fate for the discharged effluents. Wetland system for the treatment of domestic sewage have been employed in different situations and arrangements (combined system) always showing outstanding performances. The reasons which qualify this system for the treatment of effluents have been attributed to its low cost, easy maintenance and operation. The experiment was carried out in the Agriculture Secretary's Training Center, Santa Catarina State, responsible for servicing approximately 66 people daily, and was fed with local effluent. This work assesses the efficacy of such a kind of system, which is composed of a septic tank followed by the root zone, in the treatment of liquid effluents.
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Ng, Ivy, Michelle Lai, Jessie Ng, Richerlyn Quindara Beltran, Kie Yin Teng, Wei Wei, Chia Ching Lee i in. "Reducing same-day cancellations of precious CT simulation slots: A quality improvement project." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, nr 28_suppl (1.10.2022): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.28_suppl.301.
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301 Background: CT simulation (CTsim) is a prerequisite step in radiotherapy treatment. Each successfully completed CTsim brings a patient a step closer to receiving their radiotherapy. A non-attempt or unsuccessful attempt (both reflected as cancellations) also delays radiotherapy for another patient. Baseline data revealed that 33% of CTsim appointments were cancelled, of which 47% occurred on the same day. Cancellations made on the same day provides little reaction time for slots to be allocated to another patient and leads to inefficiency in resource utilisation. This project aims to reduce the cancellations occurring on the same day from 15.5% to 10% within 6 months at National University Cancer Institute radiotherapy center at Tan Tock Seng Hospital. Methods: A cause-and-effect diagram was constructed to identify reasons attributing to existing same-day cancellations. Multi-voting and Pareto analysis were conducted to identify 3 main root causes. Interventions were introduced and then tested using the Plan-Do-Study-Act approach. Run chart was used to monitor the proportion of same-day cancellations over the total number of CTsim appointments. Results: Three root causes identified were 1) no workflow to check on patient’s adequacy of preparation leading up to CTsim 2) no workflow to identify potential non-attendance 3) no take-home information detailing CTsim process. Interventions introduced included establishing workflow to assess adequacy of patients’ preparation required for successful CTsim and integrating a screening phone call to confirm patient’s attendance two days prior to CTsim appointment day and handing out information sheet detailing instructions for CTsim respectively. We achieved our target in our fourth month and sustained the results for 2 further months. Mean was 5% in the last three months. This reduction of same-day cancellation improves efficiency in resource utilisation and reduces delay in access to radiotherapy. Conclusions: Using quality improvement tools, we have successfully reduced the same-day cancellations of our precious CT simulation slots from 15.5% to 5%.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Data center utilisation"
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Courchelle, Inès de. "Vers une meilleure utilisation des énergies renouvelables : application à des bâtiments scientifiques". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30196/document.
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Les travaux de cette thèse portent sur l'optimisation des flux énergétiques et informatiques dans un réseau intelligent ayant pour but d'alimenter un centre de calcul via des énergies renouvelables. Dans cette thèse sont traités les problèmes liés à la mise en commun des informations de types énergétique et informatique dans une contrainte de réactivité forte à travers la création d'une architecture pour un réseau intelligent. La modélisation d'un tel réseau doit permettre la prise de décision de manière dynamique et autonome. L'objectif de cette modélisation, via un réseau intelligent, est l'optimisation des ressources renouvelables afin de diminuer l'empreinte écologiqueThe work of this thesis deals with the optimization of energy and computer flows in an intelligent network aiming to supply a data center via renewable energies. In this thesis are treated the problems related to the pooling of energy and computer information in a strong reactivity constraint through the creation of an architecture for an intelligent network. The modeling of such a network must allow the decision making in a dynamic and autonomous way. The objective of this modeling, via an intelligent network, is the optimization of renewable resources in order to reduce the ecological footprint
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Douchet, Fabien. "Optimisation énergétique de data centers par utilisation de liquides pour le refroidissement des baies informatiques". Thesis, Lorient, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORIS386/document.
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Les data centers sont des infrastructures qui hébergent un grand nombre d’équipements informatiques. Plus de 99% de la puissance électrique consommée par les composants électroniques est transformée en chaleur. Pour assurer leur bon fonctionnement il est donc nécessaire de les refroidir. Cette opération est majoritairement réalisée par l’emploi de systèmes de climatisation à air très énergivores. De plus, la densité de puissance dissipée au sein des baies informatiques est en augmentation permanente. Nous arrivons alors aux limites de l’utilisation de l’air comme fluide caloporteur pour le refroidissement. Les études réalisées durant cette thèse concernent l’amélioration de l’efficacité énergétique des systèmes de refroidissement des baies électroniques par l’exploitation de liquides comme fluides caloporteurs. Cette approche permet de bénéficier de coefficients d’échanges thermiques et de capacités de refroidissement plus importants, avec des perspectives plus viables pour la revalorisation de la chaleur issue des data centers.Durant la thèse, quatre solutions de refroidissement ont été évaluées. Des expérimentations ont été menées à l’échelle de serveurs et d’une baie informatique. Une instrumentation conséquente permet de mettre en évidence le bon refroidissement des composants et de déterminer des indicateurs d’efficacité énergétique des systèmes étudiés. A partir des résultats expérimentaux, deux modèles numériques sont développés par une approche nodale et une identification des paramètres par méthode inverse. Ces modèles pourront être dupliqués à l’échelle d’une salle informatique afin de quantifier les gains potentiels de deux solutions de refroidissement liquideData centers are facilities that house a large numbers of computer equipment. More than 99% of the electrical power consumed by the electronic components is converted into heat. To ensure their good working, it is necessary to keep them under their recommended temperatures. This is mainly achieved by the use of air conditioning systems which consume a lot of electrical power. In addition, the power density of computer racks is constantly increasing. So the limits of air as a coolant for electronic equipment cooling are reached.Studies conducted during this thesis concern the improvement of energy efficiency of cooling systems for electronic rack by using liquids as heat transfer fluids. This approach gives higher heat exchange coefficients and larger cooling capacity with more viable aspects for the recovering of heat from data centers.Four cooling solutions are evaluated. Experiments are conducted on several servers and on a computer rack. A consistent instrumentation helps to highlight the efficiency of components cooling and allows us to identify energy efficiency indicators of the studied systems. From the experimental results, two numerical models are developed by a nodal approach and a parameter identification by inverse method is carried out. These models can be duplicated at the scale of a data center room in order to quantify the potential gains of two liquid cooling solutions
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Matondolo, Siyamthanda Luthando. "Utilisation of ICT in healthcare centre to support HIV/AIDS flow of information and service delivery In Khayelitsha". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2477.
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Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012.This research is an attempt to investigate the utilisation of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in Healthcare to support the flow of HIV/AIDS patient’s general information in public and private sector. Furthermore, the research examines the detail flow of database information for healthcare service delivery to patients, in particular HIV/AIDS patients, in Khayelitsha Township. Finally, the research will detail the types of technologies currently being utilised to transfer this information, technology utilised for capturing or data collection profile of the patient. The research study data collecting was done in 2009 in mostly private and public healthcare centre in Khayelitsha township. First, the study will concentrate on general utilisation of ICT in healthcare service delivery and flow of information for public and private sector healthcare centres. Additionally, the research also looks at NGOs such as HIV/AIDS Unit in Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) and Treament Action Campaign (TAC) to find out what ICT equipment is being utilised to transfer this information to adult people to inform and make them to be aware of HIV/AIDS and improve healthcare service delivery to patients and particularly to HIV/AIDS patients. Taking NGO’s such as TAC and CPUT HIV/AIDS Unit that are well informed about HIV/AIDS, nationally and internationally will make our research results to be more precise. The research will also look at the utilisation of ICT in flow of information at healthcare centre such as communication between healthcare providers such as receptionist/clerk, nurses, doctors and medical researchers since they are the first people who deal with HIV/AIDS patient cases when they come for healthcare provision.
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Shravan, S. K. "Improving Data Center Utilisation by Reducing Fragmentation". Thesis, 2018. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4891.
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Virtualization enables better server consolidation and utilisation compared to stand-alone
servers running a single workload. This enabled wide-spread cloud adoption among many
organizations. Data center utilisation is very important as it costs millions of dollars to
setup (capital expenditure), operate and maintain(operating expenditure). Many data
centers still suffer from poor host utilisations. Poor utilisation means resource idling, loss
of revenue and increased carbon footprint. Hence, this opens an opportunity to explore
options for using data center resources optimally.
This work defines resource fragmentation in the context of a data center's resources and
how it can be used as a metric for data center utilisation and discusses the key factors
affecting resource fragmentation. Some of the main factors are Virtual Machine(VM) Sizing,
Host Configuration and Virtual Machine Placement. Various VM Sizing approaches
- prede ned, ne-grained, exible and custom VM sizing, and how resource fragmentation
varies in each case is explained. These VM Sizing approaches are evaluated using
VM utilisation traces of a private data center. The number of hosts required to host
the workloads reduced by 32% when moved from pre-de ned VM Sizes to custom VM
Sizes. This work also shows the role of correlation of VM Sizes and host con guration
in determining resource fragmentation by evaluating di erent host con gurations using
the VM utilisation traces.
VM Placement algorithms also play a crucial role in determining data center resource
fragmentation. The problem of VM Placement is to obtain an optimal packing of VMs
on hosts i.e. the number of hosts required should be minimum. The problem being
NP-Hard, it becomes practically infeasible to get an optimal placement within the time
constraints for making scheduling decisions. VM Placement can be seen as a Multidimensional
Vector Packing Problem(MDVPP). VPSolver, using arc- ow formulation
with graph compression, gives an optimal solution for Bin-Packing and related problems.
This thesis proposes grouping-based heuristic to solve for large instances of MDVPP,
based on the Divide-and-Conquer paradigm, using VPSolver. An extensive evaluation,
of 3510 instances, comparing the proposed heuristic with existing popular heuristics
in this space is done and it was observed that for most large instances, the proposed
heuristic gives better solutions compared to existing ones sometimes at the cost of higher
computation time taken. With the proposed heuristic, the number of bins required is
reduced upto 8.15%, for larger instances, compared to existing heuristics.
Części książek na temat "Data center utilisation"
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Namitha, Kavitha i Mr. Srinivas B.L. "A STUDY ON HOST MACHINE OVERLOAD DETECTION ALGORITHM IN CLOUD DATA CENTER". W INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & BIOINFORMATICS: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCE IT, ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT - SACAIM-2022 (VOL 1). REDSHINE India, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25215/8119070682.07.
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A critical step in the motion of virtual machine consolidation (VMs)process is host-overloading detection. A particularly intriguing method of avoiding host overload is to use machine learning to forecast future host demand. Host overflow detection, which attempts to foretell whether or not a physical server will become overloaded by VMs, is a crucial stage when consolidating VMs. Major cloud management difficulties in relation to clouds computing include energy utilisation and service level agreements (SLAs). The utilisation inside cloud computing data centres is rapidly growing to meet the large growth in demand for high-performance computing (HPC), storage, and networking resources for commercial and academic purposes. In this research, we attempt to study the performance of the detection of host overload algorithm in cloud datacenters.
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Chakraborty, Subarna, i SM Kadri. "Utilisation of Blockchain Technology for Better Health Outcomes during COVID-19". W New Frontiers in Communication and Intelligent Systems, 227–39. Soft Computing Research Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52458/978-81-95502-00-4-25.
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Blockchain holds immense potential in the field of healthcare as it can make decrease costs, mitigate inefficient practices and prevent patient data breaches. A blockchain is a continuous digital record of transactions that are anonymous to third party users and can be stored on multiple devices. If implemented in the healthcare sector, blockchains can improve outcomes of activities such as infection control and prevention for better management during a pandemic, and also for safer storage of patient data and electronic health records. The use of this technology can help in sharing cryptographically secured data between multiple users for better data assimilation between multiple organizations, especially during COVID-19. Moreover, this technological innovation can provide affordable patient-centred outcomes by sharing clinical data for the development of precision medicine. Apart from medical data management, it can also be used in drug development and clinical trials by making each step more reliable through time-stamping and recording all data inputs. Blockchain can also help keep a record to supply chain operations within hospitals and maintain records of medical equipment, drugs and other necessary stocks. Although blockchain is a promising technological advancement, it may still face several challenges, especially in low and middle-income countries. The usage of an internet source is essential for this advancement and it will take time for all healthcare bodies to transition to this technology by leaving paper-based data record-keeping approaches.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Data center utilisation"
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S K, Shravan, J. Lakshmi i Neeraj Bisht. "Towards Improving Data Center Utilisation by Reducing Fragmentation". W 2018 IEEE 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cloud.2018.00141.
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Said, Yanis Hadj, Stephane Bergeon, Stephane Ploix, Quang Huy Giap i Iulia Dumitru. "Towards a global energy management within a data center". W 2011 11th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation - (EPQU). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epqu.2011.6128878.
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Dargie, Waltenegus. "Identification of Resource Utilisation Patterns in Data Centers Using Tensor Decomposition". W 2019 28th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icccn.2019.8846965.
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Musomba, Patricia, Malusi Faith, Linda Mwibanda i Murrey Eddah. "Harnessing Technology Affordances for Learner-centred Experiences in a MOOC". W Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.1951.
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The past decade has seen more learning institutions adopt MOOCs towards improved course delivery, student engagement, and access to education. Facilitation remains a critical factor in the success of online learning as learners in disparate locations and with varying technology infrastructure need to be supported to achieve both their individual and collaborative goals in a MOOC. This paper reports on an innovative approach in the co-creation and facilitation of two cybersecurity MOOCs supported by the Commonwealth of Learning. We report on the utilisation of the MOOC platform and video conferencing technologies for support and engagement with participants. Besides the in-built learning analytics tools on the platform, we discuss other technologies that were integrated for more efficient data collection and qualitative analysis of feedback from participants. To ensure that participants could access and implement the security solutions covered in the course, we present ways in which they harnessed native capabilities within their existing operating systems (OS) to complete learning tasks. Finally, the use of free and open-source software is explored for various use cases such as data recovery, secure communication, and emerging technologies. The paper provides an innovative approach to incorporating technology affordances for learner-centred experiences in a MOOC.
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Kiviluoma, Risto, i Atte Mikkonen. "Equivalent static wind load procedure for skew winds on large bridges". W IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2573.
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<p>This paper describes theoretical framework on forming equivalent static wind loads (ESWL) for large bridges. A method is proposed for efficient handling of large number of load cases, when vibration and structural analysis is extended to skew winds, i.e., to the wind directions other than the principal ones. These appear to be increasingly important in many practical cases when complex bridge geometry is used for architectural uniqueness; or when the bridge is situated in city centres or hilly terrain, where local obstacles make the wind turbulence difficult to assess with standard models.</p><p>The method uses a set of load cases for principal wind directions to be input and solved with the static Finite Element (FE) model. Combination matrix is deduced for the results to assess skew winds. The method is alike that is frequently used in wind-tunnel studies of tall buildings. ESWL determination is done in co-operation with the wind and the bridge engineer. The needed input for the wind engineer includes numeric vibration mode shape data, global nodal coordinates and mass distributions. ESWL are created in numeric form that could be easily input to the FE-model. The method allows utilisation of various type analysis results and experimental data available for the bridge, including section-model based analysis, full-model wind-tunnel tests and structural monitoring results. It facilitates examination and adjustment of appropriate safety marginal to wind loads that take into account methodologic uncertainties in each.</p><p>It is proposed that wind-tunnel laboratories, or other wind engineers with bridge analysis expertise, should more often include ESWL-extraction to their services.</p>
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Fjørtoft, Kay, Even Holte, Trine Stene i Lone Sletbakk Ramstad. "Integrated Planning for safe and efficient maritime autonomous transport operations". W 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003857.
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Introducing new technology and autonomy into the supply chain are expected to result in more efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly transport operations. Autonomy is likely to change the transport operations, and especially the way of planning. There will likely come new threats, unfamiliar events, and new types of incidents, and the rapid pace of technological and societal change creates a strong need for new competence and work practices. This to exploit the benefits of the new technology, without operating at an unacceptable risk level. In this paper we elaborate on the different planning needs and what will be important for a successful implementation of Integrated Planning for Autonomous transport operations (IPA). The IPA is a suited framework when planning and addressing the resilience perspective, in addition to identify criticality within the transport system when new technology is introduced. This knowledge forms an important basis for decisions about which measures should be implemented when introducing IPA.A new challenge associated with autonomous technologies is the realisation of new ways of planning, working and collaborate in a transport system. This requires new routines and practices. Hence, the authors introduce Integrated Planning for Autonomous transport operations (IPA), as a framework towards successful implementation of autonomy into the transport system. The procedures for conventional planning must be changed from being a human based process, to a scenario where the collaboration between humans and technology will become stronger. IPA is based on the Integrated Planning and Logistics (IPL) that initially developed for the offshore petroleum industry in a previous Norwegian research centre (The Centre for Integrated Operations) and is based on the concept of IO (Integrated Operations), where principles of integrating people, work processes, and technology was developed for the purpose of making smarter decisions and achieve better execution. This enabled by real-time data, collaborative techniques, and sharing of expertise across disciplines, organisations, and geographical locations (Ramstad et al., 2013). When working with autonomy it will be important to understand the threats along the value chain, to identify different barriers, and to plan for actions if something differs from plan. Increasingly, automation is being implemented in vessels and infrastructure (e.g. at ports and terminals), and it is therefore important to consider the impact of an even more widespread use of such advanced technology across the whole transport chain. Thus, resilience is of high importance for being able to prepare and plan for the unknown, what can happen, how to enter back to normal or adapt to changed premises if something deviates from a plan (Fjørtoft et al 2021). This also requires an integration of plans across the value chain, also covering different planning stages and geographical areas. However, increased digital transformation and exchange of real-time data may lead to increased brittleness. For example, studies of cyber resilience of ship information systems, indicate that the increasing use of remote-controlled autonomous technology used on ships today will likely leads to an increase in worldwide new types of cyber attacks (Onishchenko et al., 2022). Zhou et al. (2019) examined sea transport from a resilience perspective. They tried to improve safety based on comprehensive risk assessment at the theoretical and operational levels concerning the specificity of water transport (Stene et al. 2021). Moreover, the current transport domain experiences a lack of coordination between different organisations, technologies, and transport operations. Execution of activities are often sub-optimal, in addition to difficult to prioritise in case of conflicts of interests. One main challenge in this context is that changes to plan often results in a win - lose situation, where the consequences of a change are not addressed to all involved stakeholders. Weak planning may affect inefficient utilisation of means as example.
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Woerner, Joerg, Sonja Margraf i Walter Hackel. "Remediation of a Uranium-Contamination in Ground Water". W The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7270.
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The former production site of NUKEM where nuclear fuel-elements were developed and handled from 1958 to 1988 was situated in the centre of an industrial park for various activities of the chemical and metallurgical industry. The size of the industrially used part is about 300.000m2. Regulatory routine controls showed elevated CHC (Chlorinated Hydro-Carbons) values of the ground water at the beginning of the 1990’s in an area which represented about 80.000 m2 down-gradient of locations where CHC compounds were stored and handled. Further investigations until 1998 proved that former activities on the NUKEM site, like the UF6 conversion process, were of certain relevance. The fact that several measured values were above the threshold values made the remediation of the ground water mandatory. This was addressed in the permission given by the Ministry for Nuclear Installations and Environment of Hesse according to §7 of the German atomic law in October 2000 [1]. Ground water samples taken in an area of about 5.000 m2 showed elevated values of total Uranium activity up to between 50 and 75 Bq/l in 2002. Furthermore in an area of another 20.000m2 the samples were above threshold value. In this paper results of the remediation are presented. The actual alpha-activities of the ground waters of the remediation wells show values of 3 to 9Bq/l which are dominated by 80 to 90% U-234 activity. The mass-share of total Uranium for this nuclide amounts to 0,05% on average. The authority responsible for conventional water utilisation defined target values for remediation: 20μg/l for dissolved Uranium and 10μg/l for CHC [2]. Both values have not yet been reached for an area of about 10.000 m2. The remediation process by extracting water from four remediation wells has proved its efficiency by reduction of the starting concentrations by a factor of 3 to 6. Further pumping will be necessary especially in that area of the site where the contaminations were found later during soil remediation activities. Only two wells have been in operation since July 2002 when the remediation technique was installed and an apparatus for direct gamma-spectroscopic measurement of the accumulated activities on the adsorbers was qualified. Two further remediation wells have been in operation since August 2006, when the installed remediation technique was about to be doubled from a throughput of 5 m3/h to 10 m3/h. About 20.000 m3 of ground water have been extracted since from these two wells and the decrease of their Uranium-concentrations behaves similar to that of the two other wells being extracted since the beginning of remediation. Both, total Uranium-concentrations and the weight-share of the nuclides U-234, U-235 and U-238 are measured by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry) besides measurements of Uranium-Alpha-Activities in addition to the measurement of CHC components of which PCE (Perchlor-Ethene) is dominant in the contaminated area. CHC compounds are measured by GC (Gas Chromatography). Down-gradient naturally attenuated products are detected in various compositions. Overall 183.000m3 of ground water have been extracted. Using a pump & treat method 11 kg Uranium have been collected on an ion-exchange material based on cellulose, containing almost 100 MBq U-235 activity, and almost 15 kg of CHC, essentially PCE, were collected on GAC (Granules of Activated Carbon). Less than 3% of the extracted Uranium have passed the adsorber-system of the remediation plant and were adsorbed by the sewage sludge of the industrial site’s waste water treatment. The monthly monitoring of 19 monitoring wells shows that an efficient artificial barrier was built up by the water extraction. The Uranium contamination of two ground water plumes has drastically been reduced by the used technique dependent on the amounts of extracted water. The concentration of the CHC contamination has changed depending on the location of temporal pumping. Thereby maximum availability of this contaminant for the remediation process is ensured. If locations with unchanged water quality are detected electrochemical parameters of the water or hydro-geologic data of the aquifer have to be taken into further consideration to improve the process of remediation.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Data center utilisation"
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Gruson-Daniel, Célya, i Maya Anderson-González. Étude exploratoire sur la « recherche sur la recherche » : acteurs et approches. Ministère de l'enseignement supérieur et de la recherche, listopad 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52949/24.
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• Introduction Dans le cadre du deuxième Plan National de la Science Ouverte, le Comité pour la science ouverte a souhaité mener une étude pour la préfiguration d’un Lab de la science ouverte (LabSO) afin de mieux comprendre le périmètre de la recherche sur la recherche (research on research) dans un contexte international. • Objectifs de l’étude : L’étude répond ainsi à trois objectifs : 1. repérer des grands courants de recherche sur la recherche (RoR) dans le paysage plus général de la recherche universitaire en Europe et outre-atlantique, en reconnaître les principaux acteurs institutionnels et différencier les approches mobilisées par les uns et les autres ; 2. proposer une méthodologie d’analyse dans une démarche de science ouverte (méthodes mixtes et cartographie numérique) pour faciliter l’appropriation de son contenu ; 3. émettre des recommandations pour faciliter le positionnement du LabSO et s’inspirer d’initiatives existantes. • Méthodologie Une série de treize entretiens et une collecte de données d’une sélection thématique de sites web ont permis de dresser un paysage d’acteurs et d’approches impliqués dans des recherches sur la recherche. Ce dernier s’est nourri d’une démarche de cartographie numérique pour repérer et visualiser les liens existants entre différentes communautés, mouvements, réseaux et initiatives (financeurs, projets, centres de recherche, fournisseurs de données, éditeurs, etc.). • Résultats Le rapport présente différents courants de « recherche sur la recherche » issus des traditions théoriques et méthodologiques de la sociologie, de l’économie, des sciences politiques, de la philosophie, des sciences de l’information et des mesures (biblio/scientométrie). Des courants plus récents sont aussi décrits. Ils s’inscrivent dans un contexte de politiques publiques favorables à la science ouverte et ont émergé dans le champ des sciences sociales computationnelles, des Big Data ou encore des domaines biomédicaux. Si certaines de ces approches s’appuient sur des courants académiques (STS, sciences des mesures) établis depuis de nombreuses décennies, d’autres comme ceux de la « métascience » ou de la « science de la science », se sont structurées plus récemment avec une visée prescriptive et de changement fondé sur des preuves (evidence-based) se basant sur un engagement normatif pour une science plus ouverte, inclusive et diverse. Bien loin d’un paysage statique, l’étude fait ressortir des recherches en mouvement, des débats tout autant que des mises en garde afin que certains courants « ne réinventent pas la roue » en faisant fit d’une longue tradition académique de l’étude des sciences et de la production scientifiques. De nouvelles alliances entre centres de recherche et laboratoires, institutions subventionnaires, décideurs politiques et fournisseurs de données ont été repérées. Elles participent à une dynamique actuelle d’équipement des politiques publiques par des outils d’évaluation et des protocoles de recherche pour guider les actions menées, on parle d’évidence-based policies. Un des exemples les plus récents étant laa seconde feuille de route du RoRI1 poussant notamment à la formation d’un réseau international d’instituts de recherche sur la recherche, fondé sur le partage et la mutualisation de données, de méthodes et d’outils. Outre la présentation de ces différents acteurs et courants, le rapport pointe le rôle joué par les infrastructures et les fournisseurs de données scientifiques (publications, données, métadonnées, citations, etc.) dans la structuration de ce paysage et les équilibres à trouver. • Recommandations 1. Accompagner la construction d’indicateurs et de métriques par le biais d’un regard critique et de discussions collectives pour mesurer leurs impacts sur les comportements des professionnels de la recherche (mésusages, gaming). 2. Porter attention aux étapes de diffusion des résultats scientifiques issus des « recherches sur la recherche » pour les adapter aux différents publics ciblés (chercheurs, responsables des politiques publiques de recherche, journalistes, etc.). 3. Articuler les travaux de « recherche sur la recherche » avec une démarche de science ouverte en questionnant notamment les choix faits concernant les fournisseurs de données, les infrastructures et outils d’évaluation, de découvrabilité et d’analyse de la production scientifique (gouvernance, utilisation des données, etc.). 4. Soutenir les approches thématiques et transversales plutôt que disciplinaire de manière collaborative entre les différents membres du Lab de la science ouverte et aider le dialogue entre les différentes approches et mouvements (STS, research on research, science of science, scientométrie, etc.)