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Farzamian, Farideh. "Cross-cultural adjustment among immigrant executives". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7728.
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Moving to a new country and having to adjust to its culture is often traumatic for immigrants, as
they experience intense emotional and physical stresses stemming from new roles and rules in
their familial and workplace relationships. This study examined sociocultural and psychological
factors that were part of immigrant executive’s cross-cultural adjustment experiences.
Specifically, this dissertation sought to: 1) elucidate the decisions that prompted elite
professionals to move to Canada, 2) examine participants’ stories associated with their pre- and
post-moving experiences and relocation challenges, 3) identify coping strategies immigrant
executives used to manage their personal and professional lives successfully, and 4) pinpoint
suggestions and recommendations these executives had for other elite professionals thinking of
moving to Canada, and for counsellors working with such clients.
To best achieve my purpose, the following dissertation explores the rationale for using qualitative
research approaches with particular reference to narrative as a method and theoretical frame work
to better understand the feelings, experiences, expectations, and yearnings of six male immigrant
executives/CEOs/managers, and to explore the complexities and difficulties embedded in their
life and work in their new country.
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Zhao, Li. "Socio-Cultural Adjustment of International Students as Expatriates in America". TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/228.
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This study examined the relationships between international students’ ethnic identity, self-efficacy, uncertainty avoidance, and their socio-cultural adjustment. A total of 65 international students (aged 18 to 33 years) from seven countries completed the online questionnaire. As hypothesized, path analyses demonstrated a positive relationship between students’ self-efficacy and their socio-cultural adjustment. International students’ uncertainty avoidance had a negative relationship with their self-efficacy, but a positive relationship with ethnic identity. The hypotheses that international students’ ethnic identity and uncertainty avoidance are negatively correlated to their socio-cultural adjustment were not supported in the present study.
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Wilson, Jennifer L. "Family Variables in the Cultural and Psychological Adjustment of Third Culture Kids". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84302/.
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Third culture kids are children raised in globally mobile families who have left their culture of origin to reside in a host culture. As this relocation occurs during childhood, the child combines the values, traditions, and norms of both cultures thereby creating a third culture, a unique culture created by the parent’s integration of the home culture, the host culture, and the domains of the organizational culture. Emotional Stability was found to mediate the relationship between family of origin Expression and Composite distress. Though this was the only hypothesized model that was supported, other interesting findings include that when participants were categorized by industry, statistically significant differences were found between Military, Missions, and the Other group on all of the scales. These differences are likely due to a cohort effect, given that the military family mean age was as much as twenty years higher than the other groups.
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Teixeira, Valadares de Oliveira Luiza. "Expatriate Adjustment in Brazil: A Cross-Cultural Analysis". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366842311.
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Sciame, Michelle E. 1958. "Adolescent adjustment to parenthood: A cross-cultural perspective". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291864.
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This naturalistic research describes adjustment to parenthood in an ethnically diverse group of out-of-school adolescent mothers enrolled in an educational program. The process of adjustment was investigated, as well as what factors impede or enhance adjustment for these mothers. Ethnic differences were considered along with the role of the educational program. Implications for program planning are discussed. Data collection consisted of interviews, observations, a Life Events Checklist, and a review of program files. Difficult home lives and the frequency of stressful events prior to pregnancy led to a relatively easy adjustment to parenthood for these mothers. Adjustment was enhanced by support; most frequently provided by the program, partners, and families. Partners and families also were the most frequent cause of difficulties that impeded adjustment. The major differences between ethnic groups were in family structure and support systems. The educational program served as a major source of relational support for these mothers.
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Sheridan, Kevin Eric. "Eating disorders as a case study of cultural maladaptation". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
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Abbassi, Amir. "Culture and Anxiety: a Cross-Cultural Study". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279124/.
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By measuring interactions among and between anxiety and the independent variables of country of origin, gender, level of education, and age, this study attempted to gain insight into how students from different countries experience anxiety on a U.S. college campus. Results of the Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and the univariate test(ANOVA) indicated that the gender and level of education of the subjects made no significant difference. However, when it came to country of origin, there were
significant differences between two of the cultural groups and respective anxiety level. Findings also support a positive correlation between age and anxiety levels, with the youngest participants having the lowest anxiety levels.
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Habteab, Biniam Gebremichael, i STEVE ASARE ODURO. "Cross-cultural adjustment of inpatriates : Indian inpatriates in Sandvik". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18222.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of cultural distance in cross-cultural adjustment of inpatriates. Furthermore, it investigates the role of organizational and social support in cross-cultural adjustment. Method In order to achieve the purpose of this study a qualitative method of data gathering was chosen. A case study was conducted in Sandvik Sweden in Gävle, and personal interviews were done with the Indian inpatriates and other representatives involved in international assignment. Findings The cultural distance between Sweden and Indian directly affect the concept of teamwork in Sandvik-Sweden and Sanvik-India. To understand the cultural background and motive of inpatriates is important in designing organizational support that facilitates anticipatory and in-country adjustment processes. The existence of a recognized socializing way at headquarter eases to interact and develop interpersonal relationship, which facilitate the adjustment process of inpatriates through referral made from known sources. Implication and suggestion for the future This study can assist multinational companies that are interested in the Cross- cultural adjustment process of inpatriates. We suggest for additional investigations in different organizational setup about the same subject matter to compare new results with the current findings. Future researchers can also investigate the impact of repatriation of inpatriates’ in cross- cultural adjustment.Masters Thesis
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Thornberry, Natalie R. "Counseling and Expatriate Adjustment". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1435054656.
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Chen, Jau-Rong. "The cross-cultural adjustment of Taiwanese postgraduate students in England". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3091/.
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This thesis critically reviews, evaluates and synthesizes theories of cross-cultural adjustment and international students’ sojourn activities, and develops a multi-layered and dynamic framework of cross-cultural adjustment. Empirical evidence, collected from the experience of Taiwanese postgraduate students in the UK, is used to build a grounded theory of cross-cultural adjustment. The process of cross-cultural adjustment is examined in terms of four key dimensions - self-identity, academic pursuit, affection and sojourn life-experience - each of which is broken down into more specific components (categories and sub-categories) according to the interview responses of the student sample. The result is an in-depth appreciation of the wide range of factors that contribute to the experience and challenge of cross-cultural adjustment for Taiwanese postgraduate students. For each of the four dimensions, certain core conditions are shown to give rise to specific adjustment phenomena which are shaped by certain contextual factors, and these phenomena give rise to a characteristic strategic response by the students, which then yields a specific consequence. The study shows that cross-cultural adjustment is a continuous process in which international students establish emotional alignment through social interaction and the articulation of their self-identity. The study provides a conceptual framework for future research into cross-cultural adjustment within different host countries, and also serves as a basis to help universities anticipate and manage effectively the adjustment problems faced by international students.
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Sinha, Rachana. "The cultural adjustment of Asian lone mothers living in London". Thesis, University of Kent, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337321.
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Liao, Wei-Ju. "The cross-cultural adjustment of EFL expatriate teachers in Taiwan". Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/145668.
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This study investigates expatriate English teachers’ cross-cultural adjustment in Taiwan. Cross-cultural adjustment theories and the differences between Chinese and Western culture are reviewed. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected in order to develop the framework for the study. The process was examined across three facets of adjustment: general, working and interaction with host nation. The study was based on the framework of Black, Mendenhall and Oddou (1991) and develops an empirical cross-cultural adjustment model for native English- speaking expatriates who work in Taiwan as English teachers. The framework was successfully implemented by means of questionnaire and interview data and a literature review. The key findings of this study are: 1. Expatriate English teachers’ job satisfaction, age, previous crosscultural experience and their motivation for or purpose in coming to Taiwan are the key factors which affect their intention to stay in Taiwan. 2. Expatriate English teachers’ Mandarin or Taiwanese language ability has significant effects on their daily activities and social life outside work in terms of general adjustment. 3. Cross-cultural training for expatriate teachers could improve their living conditions in Taiwan in terms of general adjustment. 4. Expatriate teachers who possessed an undergraduate degree had more difficulties in their relationship with school management. 5. The total time expatriate teachers had spent living in Taiwan had some effect on their job satisfaction and adjustment in relation to interacting with the Taiwanese. Based on the empirical findings of this study, some recommendations for language education institutions and Westerners who are working or planning to work as English teachers in Taiwan are as follows: 1. Those who are planning to go to Taiwan to work as English teachers should receive some cross-cultural training and gain basic Mandarin or Taiwanese language skills before departure. An undergraduate degree is the basic qualification but an English teaching certificate or higher degree is strongly recommended. 2. English language education institutions should offer expatriate teachers cross-cultural training which includes basic local language skills, general information about living and working in Taiwan and the differences in the education system, teaching methodology and management style between Taiwanese and Western cultures. 3. When recruiting expatriate teachers, it is recommended that English language education institutions should avoid those who are including a trip to Taiwan as part of wider Asian travel and who are likely to stay in Taiwan for a relatively short time.
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Kwok, Sherie Lyn. "Navigating a New Culture: Analyzing Variables that Influence Intensive English Program Students' Cultural Adjustment Process". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7699.
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Research has documented cultural adjustment as an important issue influencing international students and other sojourners in their success abroad (Foster, 1962; Lysgaard, 1955; Oberg, 1960; Smalley, 1963). Few studies, however, have investigated particular variables influencing the cultural adjustment process of ESL learners enrolled in intensive English programs (IEPs). This mixed method study was designed to better understand the individual complexity of IEP learners' cultural adjustment by looking for patterns of variables that aid or hinder these students' experiences. Using the Culture Shock Questionnaire (CSQ), Index of Social Sojourners Support Survey (ISSS), and language-specific focus groups, this study investigated the individual cultural adjustment experiences of Chinese, Korean, Portuguese, and Spanish-speaking students enrolled in an intensive English program attached to a large private university in the United States. Statistically significant results were found when comparing students' demographic variables with the survey results. Students who identified themselves as having high levels of social support were more likely to experience low levels of culture shock. While, female students were more likely to experience higher levels of culture shock compared to male students. Additionally, qualitative data gathered from the open-ended survey questions and focus groups revealed three common variables that appeared to aid as well as hinder the students' cultural adjustment process: social support, self, and environment. Findings from this research have implications for the development of cultural adjustment training materials which might aid ESL students attending intensive English programs in the United States in their cultural adjustment process.
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Slagoski, Jeremy Daniel. "The adjustment process of sojourning English language teachers". Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1397.
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This multiple case study was designed to explore the adjustment and cultural learning of sojourning English language teachers (ELTs) in Japan and South Korea. Qualitative research methods were used to design the study and to collect the data. Using Holliday's Host Culture Complex model (1994) as a theoretical framework, shared patterns in the adjustment process emerged from the participants' blogs and interviews. The patterns provide evidence supporting cultural learning through relationships with various people in different parts of the host culture complex. The strongest pattern revealed that the relationship between sojourning ELTs and their co-teachers was one of the more beneficial relationships for the sojourners' cultural learning. However, these relationships were only found in government-sponsored English language programs, such as the JET Program in Japan and EPIK in South Korea. Another strong pattern revealed that the participants' relationships with their significant others marked a shift in their adjustment patterns in one or more parts of the host culture complex. This study prompted the creation of a new revised host culture complex, which includes foreigners within the target culture. These foreigners, some who are also sojourning ELTs, have shown to influence the adjustment process of the participants. Additionally, this study demonstrates the use of social media for research and professional development in English language education.
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Abe, Yuka. "Japanese fathers in the United States negotiating different cultural expectations /". unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11152005-223622/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2005.Ralph LaRossa, committee chair; Toshi Kii, Elisabeth Burgess, committee members. Electronic text (90 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed May 16, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-83).
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Mak, Po-ha, i 麥寶霞. "Acculturation and adjustment of teenage immigrants from China". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978150.
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Soininen, Vilma-Ida, i Mabro Rebecca Mannebratt. "Factors Influencing Cross-Cultural Adjustment: Swedish Expatriates in East Asia Pacific". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39977.
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Background: Today the world is getting more globalized, which has led to multinational companies sending out expatriates on foreign assignments. Mostly expatriates’ responsibilities are to transfer knowledge from the headquarters to the subsidiary and to improve the communication between the headquarters and the subsidiary. Expatriate assignments have a high failure rate and are costly. Nordic companies are sending out a growing number of expatriates today. Furthermore, Swedish people are argued to be comfortable acting in a global context. Problem: When the expatriate moves to a new country, it is crucial for him or her to adjust in order for the expatriate assignment to become successful. Good expatriate adjustment is likely to lead to completing the assignment as well as performing well during the assignment. Existing research in the field states that there is need for more research about expatriate adjustment. Furthermore, few researches have been conducted about Swedish expatriates, and research conducted about expatriates from other nations might not apply to Swedish expatriates. Purpose: Considering the increased globalization and the growing number of expatriates, along with the research gap and the complex adjustment process, the purpose of this thesis is to examine which factors influence the adjustment process of Swedish expatriates going to East Asia Pacific. Method: Exploratory research was used to explore the factors influencing the adjustment process of Swedish expatriates who went to East Asia Pacific. With an abductive approach deeper knowledge about the adjustment process was gained. Empirical data was collected through a qualitative research consisting of eight in-depth interviews, which was analyzed by making use of qualitative content analysis method. Conclusion: The major conclusion of this research is that factors influencing Swedish expatriates’ work, general, and interaction adjustment in East Asia Pacific are cross-cultural training, language ability, adjustment of the spouse, and role clarity.
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N, Schönfeldt Sara. "Expatriate leaders- cultural chameleons or cultural contrarians? : A narrative study of Swedish leaders' adjustment process in France". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-50818.
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Schickel, Denise Suzanne. "Elements of Expatriate Adjustment in Host Country Organizations". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6116.
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Globalization and international business increasingly require the services of skilled expatriates in overseas offices. Over the past 50 years, numerous studies have focused on various factors affecting expatriate adjustment, primarily through quantitative research, reaching no conclusions on what factors in cross-cultural training would guarantee expatriate success. Expatriate failure has high personal and organizational costs. The purpose of this study was to use the qualitative methodology of narrative inquiry to investigate the adjustment, transition, and repatriation experience as a holistic process. Two theoretical constructions, Bandura's social learning theory, applied to the learning process in an international assignment, and social identity theory, represented key factors in the expatriate experience. The overarching research question investigated the distinct factors that contributed to the overall success or failure of an expatriate. Narrative inquiry, and open-ended questions, allowed the participants to reveal their stories. Participants (N = 14) were selected using criterion and convenience sampling. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded into themes using an iterative process. Results established weak organizational support in the preparation and repatriation stages. Participants considered their assignments a success and exhibited strong self-efficacy and internal locus of control. The need for successful expatriate performance will continue to increase with globalization; findings in this study can contribute to the training, support, and repatriation of employees. The potential for social change includes the improvement in global business functioning and international understanding.
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Shenoy, Uma A. "In Moving to a New Country: Children and Adolescent's Adaptation". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36723.
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A primary purpose of this study was to develop and test a model of adaptation for children and adolescents who move to a foreign country. The model was developed from existing literature on adult migration, and from the small fund of knowledge which exists on immigrant children. Adaptation was conceptualized into two kinds - sociocultural and psychological. It was proposedthat sociocultural adaptation would mediate the relationship between a number of independent variables (coping strategies, life events, length of stay, social support, and cultural distance) andthe dependent variable, which was psychological adaptation. Use of Path analytical techniques demonstrated the poor utility of this model. There was no support for a linear relationship between psychological adaptation and sociocultural adaptation. Exploratory, data-based analyses were then carried out to determine significant predictors for sociocultural and psychological adaptation. While a significant set of predictors emerged for sociocultural adaptation, few individual significant variables emerged for psychological adaptation. Limitations of this study are noted.The implications for intervention of this finding to migrant children and adolescents are discussed.Master of Science
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Braseby, Anne M. "Adaptation of Trailing Spouses: Does Gender Matter?" FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/153.
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The adaptation to a new country is a complex and stressful process that is compounded when changes in status and identity have to be made. This exploratory study examined the adaptation of international company transferee spouses when they decide to follow the transferee on overseas assignments. Research to date indicates that the spouses’ dissatisfaction with life abroad is the leading cause of transferees breaking contract and prematurely returning home. The causes of this dissatisfaction are still not clear and this study sought greater clarification, particularly examining the experiences of male as well as female trailing spouses. The study, thus, takes gender as a main variable to consider. It explores how gendered expectations inherent in the structures of society inflect and inform the decisions, attitudes, and behaviors that affect the adaptations of trailing spouses living in a foreign habitus. The study is based on eight months of ethnographic research in two culturally different locations, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Brussels, Belgium. Forty-two American international company transferee spouses were recruited (seven males and thirty-five females). The data analysis revolved around five main themes: (1) the comparison of male with female trailing spouses’ experiences, (2) the effect of location on spouses’ adaptation, (3) the communities that spouses integrate into, (4) variations in personal work and family histories, and (5) conditions of exit. The analysis engaged multiple theories regarding gender, sociological adaptation, and psychological adaptation. Results indicate that both socio-cultural and psychological factors affect adaptation and that gender matters very significantly, particularly along two axes: (1) gendered structures in our society create different reasons why males and females become trailing spouses, (2) the gendered social constructions of role expectations make the experience of being a trailing husband different from being a trailing wife. In addition spouses’ status as parents (or not) and their “readiness for change” were found to be important predictors of positive spousal adaptation. In contrast, significant ties with families in the home country and strong professional identity with career projections were important predictors of negative spousal adaptation.
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Alston, Enid Alison. "The adjustment of children aged 9-12 to international relocation". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286999.
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Badur, Gulistan Palmer James C. Padavil George. "International students' perspectives on their cross-cultural adjustment to American higher education". Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p3087861.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2003.Title from title page screen, viewed November 29, 2005. Dissertation Committee: James C. Palmer, George Padavil (co-chairs), Amelia D. Adkins, William Semlak. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-195) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Ilagan, Patricia. "Buddy Program, a participatory approach to cross-cultural adjustment of international students". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq23351.pdf.
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Li, Guang. "Effects of Cultural Intelligence and Social Support on Adjustment of International Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1404624/.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate direct and interaction effects of cultural intelligence and social support on the adjustment of international students to U.S. higher education. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to test (a) if cultural intelligence was a predictor for adjustment of international students to U.S. higher education; (b) if social support was a predictor for adjustment of international students to U.S. higher education; and (c) if there was an interaction effect between cultural intelligence and social support on international students' adjustment to U.S. higher education. The participants included 262 international students from a southwestern university. The results found only social support from the university was a significant predictor of international students' adjustment. There was no interaction effect between cultural intelligence and social support from any sources on international students' adjustment.
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Joshua-Gojer, Ashwini. "The cross-cultural adjustment of self-initiated expatriates and individual work performance". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849667/.
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Globalization in the past few decades has been marked by increased mobility of highly skilled workers from one country to another. Even though self-initiated expatriation is a widespread phenomenon, it is a relatively under-researched phenomenon in the academic literature, especially in an organizational context. Existing literature shows that not all individuals are equally suited to embark on a new life in another country, and self-initiated expatriates (SIEs) could be particularly susceptible to failure since they have no support from a home organization. This study was designed to investigate the experiences of self-initiated professional expatriates and the effect it had on their work performance. The purpose was to understand how their organizational and social experience affected their cross-cultural adjustment process and in turn affected their individual work performance. The researcher used a qualitative method using semi-structured interviews, observations, and documents with ten self-initiated expatriates. This study contributed to the expanding literature on the experiences of self-initiated expatriates, specifically how different support systems affected cross-cultural adjustment and individual work performance.
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Zhao, Xin. "Asian College Students’ Perceived Peer Group Cohesion, Cultural Identity, and College Adjustment". DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1336.
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Despite the increase in Asian college student population, this group remains one of the most understudied, due to the myth of “model minority.” Many Asian students adjust well academically but often experience high levels of stress, anxiety, or depression due to factors such as acculturation to Western culture, pressure from parents to succeed, ethnic identity issues, intergenerational conflict, immigration status, racism, and discrimination. This study examined the role of five dimensions of Asian values (collectivism, conformity to norms, emotional self-control, family recognition through achievement, and humility) as a moderator in the relationship among peer group cohesion and four dimensions of college adjustment (academic adjustment, social adjustment, personal-emotional adjustment, and attachment) among 150 Asian college students. Data were collected from Asian American and Asian international students attending a college in the United States who completed an online survey. Eighty percent of the students reported low college adjustment on one or more dimensions measured; however, personal-emotional adjustment and attachment was positively correlated with group cohesion. The results of the moderation analyses indicated that Asian value of humility moderated the effects of cohesion and personal emotional adjustment. Specifically, students who had lower Asian value of humility and high peer group cohesion also reported higher personal emotional adjustment. No other dimensions of Asian values were found to be significant moderators. Implications of the study in terms of future research and college programs for Asian students are discussed.
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Leiba, Sharon Nancy. "The effect of cross-cultural training on cross-cultural skills, adjustment, and performance in a transcultural nursing context". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0008/NQ27990.pdf.
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KAMIL, RAED KADHEM. "IS CULTURAL ADJUSTMENT NEEDED FOR INTEGRATION? : A STUDY OF IMMIGRANT PERCEPTIONS IN SWEDEN". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-28914.
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Sweden is one of the European countries that became a main destination for the immigrants and refugees from different countries and from different cultural backgrounds especially from the developing world. While there seems to be a consensus in the literature that cultural adjustment is needed to integrate immigrants in the host culture, so far, it is not clear how the immigrants in Sweden perceive that need, and how willing and how welcomed they are to adjust to the Swedish culture. Therefore, it becomes necessary to shed light on the debate of the need of cultural adjustment and the major theories in this debate like the assimilation theory and Harrison’s theory, which arguing that immigrants need to culturally adjust to be able to fit in and to integrate in the host culture. In this sense, the study aims to shed a different light on this debate through the immigrant’s perspective and how they perceive the need for cultural adjustment to integrate in the Swedish culture, and how willing as well as how welcomed they are to adjust to the host culture. A qualitative study was carried out using 18 semi-structured interviews as the primary source of data in the study, while the scope of this study was limited only to Växjö city which makes it difficult to generalize the results of this study. The findings have revealed that the sample of immigrants in this study have perceived the need for a socio-economic adjustment rather than a cultural one and they feel willing and welcomed by the Swedish culture to make such adjustment as it is crucial and necessary for them to improve the quality of life as well as for social inclusion to be integrated and not excluded or marginalized. The author suggests further research in this topic by conducting similar research but on a wider scope and with deeper interviews that include a larger number of immigrants to further explore how they perceive the need to adjust to the Swedish society. Key words: culture, adjustment, integration, assimilation, immigrants.
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Hung, Feng-Yi. "Three dimensions in strategic coping : a cross-cultural analysis of Taiwanese students /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7531.
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Richey, Roni. "Critical factors: Best practices for expatriate accompanying partners in successfully adjusting while living across cultures". Scholarly Commons, 2014. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/252.
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The primary emphasis in the field of expatriate adjustment has focused on the experiences of the person working overseas on assignment. Research that includes the experiences of the accompanying partner of the working expatriate frequently positions this person as an antecedent to the working partner's adjustment process. Understanding the adjustment process from the accompanying partner's perspective is underrepresented in the literature. In this qualitative research project eight expatriate couples were interviewed to examine in detail their experiences of adjusting overseas on assignment in order to identify the critical adjustment factors, the resources that are available to assist the adjustment process, and what personal characteristics aid a successful intercultural experience while living overseas. Recommendations are provided for both the employer and the accompanying partner to assist the adjustment process.
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Armaki, Shamin. "Exploring the realm of culture within management : The effects of fully integrated relocation services on cross-cultural learning and adjustment". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-390549.
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Expatriates’ adjustment to the host-country culture is a dynamic and gradual process. This process can be facilitated by cross-cultural training. The relationship between cross-cultural training and crosscultural adjustment has been explored to a great extent in the literature, however scholars have mainly put focus on how this relationship unfolds in the context of MNCs offering CCT in-house. Consequently, this leaves an interesting uninvestigated gap in terms of how fully integrated relocation service companies work with cross-cultural services and how their work can facilitate cross-cultural adjustment. This qualitative case-study therefore aims to examine the relationship between crosscultural training provided by a relocation service company and the expatriate adjustment process. An extensive review on existing theories concerning cross-cultural adjustment, cross-cultural training and cross-cultural learning are presented. After this, the case study examines how Nordic Relocation Group (NRG), a relocation service company in Sweden, operates in terms of providing cross-cultural services. The findings indicate that the relocation service company’s services are divided into different phases, whereby the timing and content of services offered varies as the expatriates’ international assignment develops over time. This form of tailoring the cross-cultural training and the content of their services supports the notion of sequential training, which within IHRM literature, is proposed as optimal in order to facilitate the expatriate’s adjustment process. Moreover, the results further indicate that the way in which NRG works with cross-cultural services, in terms of strategy, sequential order, and specific CCT activities offered, promotes effective cross-cultural learning. Consequently, the CCT strategies offered by the relocation service company can be viewed as being aligned with best practice.
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Sonderegger, Robi, i n/a. "Patterns of Cultural Adjustment Among Young Former-Yugoslavian and Chinese Migrants To Australia". Griffith University. School of Applied Psychology, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030918.153743.
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Australia is a culturally diverse country with many migrant and refugee families in need of mental health services. Yet, surveys indicate that many culturally diverse community members do not feel comfortable in accessing mental health services, often due to a limited understanding of current western practices and the lack of practitioner cultural sensitivity. Despite the apparent need, few investigations have been conducted with migrant families to understand their different values and needs, and identify how they adjust to a new culture. The paucity of empirical research is largely due to the number of variables associated with the process of cultural change, and the fact that culture itself may lend different meaning to symptom experience, and the expression thereof. Moreover, because migrant adaptation is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon, it is often rendered difficult to investigate. Cultural groups have been observed to exhibit differences in the pathogenesis and expressions of psychological adjustment, thus making culturally sensitive assessment a particularly arduous yet important task. Although the number of studies conducted on cultural adaptation trends of adult migrants is growing, few investigations have examined the acculturation experiences of children and adolescents. Moreover, the link between acculturation and mental health has confounded researchers and practitioners alike. Considering assessment procedures largely influence therapeutic strategies, it is deemed essential that Australian health care professionals understand language, behavioural, and motivational differences between ethnic groups. In response to appeals for empirical data on culture-specific differences and developmental pathways of emotional resiliency and psychopathology, the present research program examines the complex interplay between situational factors and internal processes that contribute to mental health among young migrants and refugees. The research focuses particularly on anxiety, which is not only the most common form of childhood psychopathology but also frequently coincides with stressful life events such as cultural relocation. Two hundred and seventy-three primary and high school students (comprised of former-Yugoslavian and Chinese cultural groups) participated in this research program. Primary (n=131) and high school (n=142) students completed self-report measures of acculturation, internalising symptoms, social support, self-concept/esteem, ethnic identity, and future outlook, and were compared by cultural group, heterogenic ethnicity, school level, gender, and residential duration variables. Specifically, Study 1 aimed to map the cultural adjustment patterns of migrant youth so as to determine both situational and internal process risk and protective factors of emotional distress. The main findings from Study 1 indicate: (1) patterns of cultural adjustment differ for children and adolescents according to cultural background, gender, age, and length of stay in the host culture; (2) former-Yugoslavian migrants generally report greater identification and involvement with Australian cultural norms than Chinese migrant youth; and (3) the divergent variables social support and bicultural adjustment are not universally paired with acculturative stress, as previously indicated in other adult migrant and acculturation studies. These outcomes highlight the importance of addressing the emotional and psychological needs of young migrants from unique age-relevant cultural perspectives. Building on these outcomes, the aim of Study 2 was to propose an organisational structure for a number of single risk factors that have been linked to acculturative stress in young migrants. In recognising that divergent situational characteristics (e.g., school level, gender, residential duration in Australia, social support, and cultural predisposition) are selectively paired with internal processing characteristics (e.g., emotional stability, self-worth/acceptance, acculturation/identity, and future outlook), a top-down path model of acculturative stress for children and adolescents of Chinese and former-Yugoslavian backgrounds was proposed and tested. To determine goodness of model fit, path analysis was employed. Specific cross-cultural profiles, application for the proposed age and culture sensitive models, and research considerations are discussed.
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Gomes, Cássia Regina Gontijo. "Adaptação cultural do instrumento "Standford Inventory of Cancer Patient Adjustment" para o Brasil". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7553.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
The self-efficacy is the main concept of the social cognitive theory of Albert Bandura and it refers to the personal judgement that individuals make about how much they are able to organize and implement activities in unpredictable and stressful circumstances . In this sense, standout people who face chronic diseases like cancer, whose health condition leads them to live several limitations in their daily lives. The aim of this methodological study was to culturally adapt the instrument Stanford Inventory of Cancer Patient Adjustment (SICPA) to Brazil. This tool was developed to measure the perceived self-efficacy in cancer patients and has 38 items, assessed at Likert scale ranging from 0 (no confident) to 10 (totally confident) points. The possible range for the total measurement is 0 to 380, in which the larger the value, greater self-efficacy. The adaptation process followed the steps recommended in the literature: translation to the Portuguese language, synthesis, back translation, appreciation by a committee of experts, pre-test and appraisal of the instrument of the author. The study included four translators, six specialists and 30 patients diagnosed with cancer. Two of the translators were Brazilian; one of them with degree in health area and the other with Letters degree. The other two translators were native English speaking and more than a year residents in Brazil. Concerning the experts, there was an oncologist physician; a nurse, a PhD in medical-surgical nursing field with focus on self-efficacy in cancer patients; another nurse specialist on instruments methodology; a third nurse specialist on methodological tools and experienced in the self-efficacy construct; a psychologist and a professional translator. Regarding the clinical characteristics of the pre-test patients, 40% had a diagnosis of breast cancer, followed by head and neck (27%) and colorectal cancer (26%). In the evaluation stage of the expert committee, the most consistent changes in the adapted version of the instrument were: the question that concerned the ability to ward off sadness in relation to cancer and the suggestion to put all the items of the instrument in the first person singular. In the pretest phase, the subjects did not suggest any change in the instrument items. Thus, we conclude that the SICPA has been successfully adapted. The adapted version of SICPA must be submitted to validity and reliability tests with the required authorizations granted by the original authors of the instrument.
Autoeficácia é o conceito central da teoria da cognição social de Albert Bandura e refere-se ao juízo pessoal que os indivíduos fazem sobre o quanto são capazes de organizar atividades em situações imprevisíveis e geradoras de estresse. Nesse contexto, sobressaem as pessoas que enfrentam doenças crônicas como o câncer, cuja condição de saúde as leva a conviver com várias limitações em sua vida cotidiana. O objetivo deste estudo metodológico foi adaptar culturalmente o instrumento Stanford Inventory of Cancer Patient Adjustment (SICPA) para o Brasil. Este instrumento foi desenvolvido para mensurar a autoeficácia percebida em pacientes com câncer e possui 38 itens, avaliados em escalas Likert que variam de 0 (nada confiante) a 10 (totalmente confiante) pontos. O intervalo possível para o total da medida é de 0 a 380, no qual quanto maior o valor, maior a autoeficácia. O processo de adaptação seguiu os passos recomendados pela literatura: tradução para língua portuguesa, síntese, retrotradução, avaliação por um comitê de especialistas, pré-teste e apreciação do autor do instrumento. Participaram do estudo quatro tradutores, seis especialistas e 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer. Dois tradutores eram brasileiros; um com formação na área de saúde e outro formado em Letras. Os outros dois tradutores, eram nativos da língua inglesa e residentes há mais de um ano no Brasil. Quanto aos especialistas, contou-se com um médico oncologista; uma enfermeira, doutorada na área de enfermagem médico-cirúrgica com enfoque em autoeficácia em pacientes com câncer; outra enfermeira especialista em metodologia de instrumentos; uma terceira enfermeira, especialista em metodologia de instrumentos e com experiência no constructo autoeficácia; um psicólogo e um tradutor profissional. Em relação às características clínicas dos pacientes do pré-teste, 40% tinham diagnóstico de câncer de mama, seguidos por cabeça e pescoço (27%) e colorretal (26%). Na etapa de avaliação do comitê de especialistas, as mudanças mais consistentes na versão adaptada do instrumento foram: na questão que se referia à capacidade de afastar a tristeza em relação ao câncer e na sugestão de colocar todos os itens do instrumento na primeira pessoa do singular. Na etapa de pré-teste, os sujeitos não sugeriram nenhuma mudança nos itens do instrumento. Assim, concluímos que o SICPA foi adaptado com sucesso. A versão adaptada do SICPA deverá ser submetida a testes de validade e confiabilidade com as devidas autorizações concedidas pelos autores originais do instrumento.
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Abukhattala, Ibrahim. "Educational and cultural adjustment of ten Arab Muslim students in Canadian university classrooms". Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84872.
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Arab Canadians are a heterogeneous and frequently misunderstood group whose educational background and cultural heritage have received little attention in the scholarly literature. In multicultural Canada, educators, curriculum developers, textbook authors and policy makers rely on available literature to inform their decision-making processes. Mainstream media, as a source of information and insight, do not fill this need.In this inquiry, I examine the cross cultural and educational experiences of ten Arab undergraduate students in two English-language universities in Montreal. Participants were from Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco and have been in Canada for three to seven years.
Classic qualitative methodological tools of in-depth interviews, participant observation and document analysis were employed to record, analyze and interpret the experiences of these students. In order to give voice to these students' insights and experiences, a narrative approach is used in presenting and interpreting the data.
Seven themes identified as educational issues emerged from the analysis: Student-Teacher Relationship; Teaching Methodology; Democratic dialogue in the classroom; Teaching and learning foreign languages; Examinations; Research and Library Facilities; and Problems encountered in interactive classroom. Two themes, identified as cultural issues, emerged: Canadians' Perceptions of Arabs and Muslims from the perspectives of the participants; Islamic dress (hijab) and Sex-segregated relationships.
The analysis revealed differences in culture, language, and social and educational systems between these students' countries of origin and Canada as the major sources of these students' positive and negative experiences. The study concludes that Canadian educators can assist these students by becoming aware of their home culture, different learning styles, frustrations in adjusting to school life and in overcoming cultural shock; and by helping them adjust to Canadian educational system and learn about the Canadian culture.
36
Chu, Chau Kan. "Cross-cultural adjustment of native English teachers in Hong Kong : an investigative study". Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/26/.
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Since its inception, the attrition rate of teachers in the Native English Teachers (NETs) scheme in Hong Kong has been very high. Though the introduction of financial incentives has reduced this slightly, the problem remains, and this thesis explores an alternative explanation for the high attrition, in the field of cross-cultural adjustment. The thesis argues that the effectiveness of the NET scheme is affected by the extent to which issues of cross-cultural adjustment are addressed sufficiently, and that the high attrition rate can be explained, in part, by neglect of issues in cross-cultural adjustment, both in terms of the sojourners and of the host culture. A literature review indicates that cross-cultural adjustment has many different dimensions, and that levels of culture shock and cross-cultural adjustment depend, in part, on individuals’ characteristics. The thesis reports a small-scale qualitative investigation into the experiences of NETs in Hong Kong, seen through different lenses and theories of cross-cultural adjustment, and using a grounded theory approach to data analysis. The empirical data gathered reveal a complex, differentiated and individualized view of cross-cultural adjustment, and that it changes in individuals over time. Cross-cultural adjustment is also seen to apply to host cultures and service providers as well as to the sojourners themselves. Serious shortcomings are found in the provision of suitable preparation, induction, training and ongoing support provided for NETs in Hong Kong in terms of cross-cultural adjustment, and recommendations are made for interventions with the sojourners, the schools and the Hong Kong government’s NETs scheme and associated training programmes.
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Alemu, Leulekal Akalu. "A study of socio-cultural identity and adjustment of Ethiopian immigrants in Atlanta". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2012. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/307.
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The study examined the socio-cultural identity and adjustment process of Ethiopian immigrants in Atlanta, Georgia. One hundred and sixty-two randomly selected Ethiopian immigrants, aged 15 and above, were interviewed by using a self-reporting survey questionnaire. The survey was designed to assess if there was a relationship between psychological problems and adjustment process, socio-cultural identity crises among Ethiopian immigrant parents and their children who live in Atlanta, and to explore if Ethiopians are integrating or assimilating with the American culture. The results indicated that the majorityof respondents felt that life in America is stressful, and more than half of the respondents said they have not experienced psychological problems. The majority of the respondents keep and use their culture, and prefer integration over assimilation. The results also show that Ethiopian immigrants prefer to be identified as “Ethiopian” and “Ethio-American” by their nationality, instead of “black” and “African American.” Even though Ethiopian immigrants agree living in America is stressful, most of the respondents deny that their adjustment process affects their psychological well-being. Ethiopians are new immigrants in the new world. This study introduces the Ethiopian culture and identity to the entire community to minimize the cultural barrier. The findings from this study may also have practical significance for Ethiopian immigrants in the United States.
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Gullekson, Nicole L. "Cultural Distance, Perception of Emotional Display Rules, and Their Influence on Sojourner Adjustment". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1186409258.
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Borre, Alicia. "ADJUSTMENT PROFILES AMONG YOUTH IN DIVERSE CULTURAL CONTEXTS: INDIVIDUAL, FAMILY, AND CONTEXTUAL INFLUENCES". VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4656.
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Recent literature has noted that not all youth who experience adverse circumstances (e.g. poverty, exposure to violence, maltreatment) end up displaying expected unfavorable outcomes (e.g. academic failure, depression, drug dependence); in fact, some youth display “resilience,” broadly understood as adaptive functioning in the face of adversity (Luthar, Cicchetti, & Becker, 2000). Overall, research on resilience has offered a new approach to the study of at-risk populations, emphasizing the study of strengths, processes, and mechanisms among individuals and communities that may favor positive adaptation, rather than emphasizing deficits among those experiencing adversity (Schoon, 2012). Although resilience research has come a long way, the importance of cultural processes in resilience only recently has been considered, there is still a dearth of studies among diverse contexts and cultural groups (Betancourt et al., 2011), and there is a lack of prospective analyses examining the stability of resilience over time (O’Dougherty et al., 2015). The present study examined the existence of profiles of adjustment among youth who had experienced some kind of adversity in three contexts: (1) Medellin, Colombia (n = 967); (2) Guatemala (n = 2.470); and (3) Chicago, USA (n=491), as well as protective factors associated with profile classification. Furthermore, the continuity of profiles over time was examined in the Chicago sample. Results showed that for each context, diverse profiles of adjustment emerge in the presence of adversity. For all contexts some youth were classified as either resilient (defined as scoring 1 SD above or below the mean on selected indicators) or as holding steady (scoring above the mean but less than 1 SD). Profiles exhibiting high levels of internalizing symptoms, externalizing problems, or problems across domains also were identified across contexts. Protective factors at the individual (e.g. sex, intelligence, prosocial behavior) and at the contextual (e.g. family cohesion, prosocial peers, positive relationship with teacher) levels proved relevant for profile classification, with some factors being relevant in one context but not in another. Prospective analyses revealed both continuity and discontinuity in profile classification among youth in Chicago, with some youth remaining classified in the same group across time points, whereas others transitioned between groups. These results highlight the importance of studying resilience in context, given that what constitutes a salient protective factor for some youth may not be relevant for others. Moreover, these results show that as youth negotiate developmental tasks within their ecologies, there is potential for both continuity and discontinuity in resilience processes. The results can inform prevention and intervention efforts aiming to work from a strength based approach.
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Allen, Monica Robin. "Examining Cultural Specificity in the Relationships between Daily Events and Daily Psychological Adjustment". W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626335.
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Chen, Hongying. "A cross-cultural study of coping". CardinalScholar 1.0, 2009. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1536746.
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The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of cultural factors, such as
self-construal, and social beliefs, on coping for U.S. and Chinese college students. Data from 325
U.S. and 321 Chinese college students were used for the analyses. It was found that independent
self-construal, beliefs in reward for application and social complexity predicted task-oriented
coping and self-regulation for both the U.S. and Chinese students. It was also found that beliefs
in both fate control and social cynicism were associated with avoidance and emotion-focused
coping in both groups. These two patterns of relationships were also observed across gender in
each sample. Differences were also noted between the two countries. For the U.S. students,
independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal contributed equally to task-oriented coping and self regulation, whereas for the Chinese students, only independent self-construal predicted these coping strategies. Moreover, religiosity was associated with emotion-focused coping and self regulation for the Chinese participants, while this pattern was not found in the U.S. student sample.
The results of this study support the transactional model of coping. Consistent with
previous findings, significant associations were found between three of the cultural variables
(independent self-construal, beliefs in social complexity, and reward in application) and taskoriented coping. In contrast to prior research, the current study indicates that both independent and interdependent self-construal predicted task-oriented coping for the U.S. students. This contradicts Lam and Zane’s (2004) findings which suggested that these two dimensions of selfconstrual affect coping differently. Moreover, the current study found associations in the U.S. sample between self-construal, social beliefs, and coping dimensions which were originally identified in Chinese populations (i.e., self-regulation and help seeking). Similarly, the current research illuminated relationships in the Chinese sample between self-construal, social beliefs,
and coping dimensions which were originally identified in the West (i.e., task-oriented and
emotion-oriented coping). These findings suggest that current conceptualizations of coping in the
West and China may not fully capture important aspects of coping in these two cultures. These
results were discussed in relation to past findings in the literature, as well as the cultural contexts of the U.S. and China.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
42
Bahiss, Zainab. "Lifting the Veil: Muslim women's adjustment to a New Zealand university". The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2493.
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Abstract Due to a decline in the number of domestic students in many New Zealand and other foreign Western countries' universities, there is more recruitment of international students. In New Zealand universities, beside the increase in the number of other foreign international students, the number of Muslim international students and especially Muslim women students has increased in the past few years. This is due to internationalisation of New Zealand education and the economic benefits which international students provide to New Zealand economy. The reason for undertaking this study is because as a Muslim women and a student myself, I wanted to investigate the adjustment problems of the increased number of Muslim women international students at the University of Waikato. This is because, it would provide information to researchers, theoreticians and policy developers regarding adjustment issues that might be specific to Muslim women. Unfortunately, this area is under researched; hence this study could assist in filling the vacuum in this area. The literature so far has discussed the adjustment issues of international students in general and from the literature there seems to be two main dominant areas where international students suffer adjustment problems. These two areas are the academic environment of the university and the socio-cultural environment of the university. The academic environment has many elements to which many international students are believed to face adjustment problems such as adjusting to the 'study shock'. On the other hand, in the socio-cultural environment, students are believed to face adjustment problem to the culture shock. However, there are many flaws in the existing literature which results in its weakness and hence the need for this study. In order to discuss the adjustment issues of Muslim women international students' one has to examine the educational background of these students. It is important to also examine the religious and cultural backgrounds of these students because religious beliefs and practices combined with their cultural background have an impact on their adjustment into the foreign academic and socio-cultural iii environment. Islam strongly encourages the acquisition of education for women. Looking at the history of Muslim women, one can find great scholars who achieved enormously from their right to education. However today there is great tension in the Islamic world regarding women's education which makes this issue very complex. This is due to the different interpretations of the Islamic scholars of the verses of the Quran, and Muslim people cultural and tribal codes. Therefore, many Islamic countries have taken different approaches to the education of their female population that is from very conservative to liberal ones. The qualitative approach used in this chapter helped in understanding the perspectives and world views of the respondents which would have not been possible otherwise. The confidentiality and anonymity of the respondents was catered for before conducting the interviews and pseudo names are used in this study to refer to the respondents of this study. This study is however limited in that the time constrain did not allow me to do a longitudinal study in order to discover the many un answered questions or ambiguous sentences. This study has revealed four major themes which were identified through this research as being specifically important to the adjustment of Muslim women international students. These women did not view their adjustment as a huge shift instead for them it required more of gentle shift in their adjustment. The similarities in the academic environment of the international students and that of New Zealand universities made the adjustment to the academic environment even smoother. There are also other positive adjustments these international students make while in New Zealand universities. They are more independent and are able to communicate in English language which for most international students seems to be main reason for coming to Western universities. There is need for the staff and students to understand the religious and cultural beliefs of these international students so that they can help them in the adjustment process. There is also increased need for the universities and policy developers to provide help and support for the international students. iv There are many issues that seemed to need further exploration which this study has not managed to find out. The research needs to be done to discuss the huge emotional or psychological impact on the international students' due to teachers' and local students' lack of knowledge of their religious and cultural beliefs. The researchers also need to investigate how this change in the personality and thinking of women impacts on them when they go back to their home countries. In theorisation, there is need to theorise the adjustments of students who belong to other religious and cultural groups and how it might impact their adjustment process. For the practitioners, there is need to investigate the role of the staff and institutes to clearly identify to the role of staff in how they could make international students transaction to the university smoother.
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Hung, Yi-Yueh, i 洪鐿月. "Cross-cultural Adjustment of Expatriates". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99403130668377320106.
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碩士國立成功大學
國際企業研究所碩博士班
92
This study is designed to better understand the antecedents and consequences of expatriate adjustment in an international assignment. This research can be divided into three parts. Firstly, the interrelationships between expatriate’s cross-cultural adjustment with his/er personal capacity, cultural orientation, boundaryless concept, as well as organizational human resource policies were examined. Secondly, two personality variables, namely openness to experience and extroversion were employed to test the potential moderating effects within the above relationships. Finally, the impact of cross-cultural adjustment on expatriate’s perceived satisfaction was also investigated. Data are collected from mailing and internet-based questionnaires. There are two types of respondents: Taiwanese expatriates in foreign countries and foreign expatriates stationed in Taiwan. 201 valid questionnaires were gathered and input into the analysis. Through factor analysis, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression, the results show that: (1) Expatriate adjustment is a multidimensional construct consisting of three factors, namely general adjustment, work adjustment and interaction adjustment. (2) The positive impacts of expatriate’s interpersonal skills, acculturation attitudes, boundaryless careers, as well perceived organizational support on his/er cross-cultural adjustment were supported. On the other hand, the influence of foreign assignee’s managerial and technical competence, past cross-cultural experience, as well as firm’s pay policy and on-site mentoring on his/er adjustment” were partly supported. (3) The expected moderate effects of expatriate’s personalities were not found. (4) The extent to which expatriates can appropriately adjust to foreign environment will have stronger effect on their attitude of job satisfaction and intention to return to home country on schedule. The main contributions of this research can be stated as follows. Firstly, our findings support the multidimensional construct of cross-culture adjustment. Secondly, some of the variables, such as managerial resourcefulness, acculturation attitudes, and boundaryless careers were examined tentatively among the relevant research. Finally, a preliminary model of cross-culture adjustment was proposed. Academics and practitioners, therefore, can have better knowledge about the antecedents and consequences of expatriate cross-cultural adjustment.
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Jones, Gary R. "Exploring the challenges for expatriate student adjustment". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1049223.
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Professional Doctorate - Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)With a background of increased globalisation of education services, this thesis examines the adjustment experiences of Chinese student's sojourn to Australia to undertake postgraduate studies. This study has brought together existing literature on expatriate managers and international education and used these to form a suitable framework and reference points for this study to answer the research question - What are the critical challenges for expatriate student adjustment? The purpose of this study was to explore the adjustment of sojourn Chinese international students in Australia, to further assist in the understanding of student perceptions and adjustment processes when attending a university in Australia. A qualitative study was undertaken using basic pattern analysis across interviews with descriptive coding of responses and the data was interpreted based on aggregate analysis. This study has provided reference points of culture including language, cultures of learning and the dimensions of culture to develop an understanding of the students' adjustment processes. The preparedness and adjustment processes of the students were analysed, using a timeline basis, comparing the students’ anticipatory adjustments (accurate expectations based on acquired knowledge and may include training) against their students' initial experience upon arrival and ongoing adjustment experiences in the areas of Interaction/socio-cultural adjustment, learning adjustment and general adjustment. The important findings of the study included that a lack of anticipatory adjustments contributed to culture shock; this included an overestimation by the students of their language proficiency and the students had little knowledge of the different culture of learning in Australia, which compounded their culture shock. Culture shock was evident in the early stages of the students' studies and was placated as their English proficiency grew (through language classes held at the university and daily usage) and understanding of different learning requirements of the university compared to those in China. The students clustered (lived, associated and studied together) as a reaction to culture shock and to minimise adjustment problems. There was poor utilization of the adjustment assistance services offered by the university, other than the language classes and services, a major reason given was their cultural background (low level of Assertiveness and In-Group Collectivism). This exploratory study will assist the management of universities in an understanding of their client base and their quest for educational excellence, by giving rare insights into their customers’ perspectives on critical adjustment challenges.
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Skibicka, Weronika Monica, i 魏若凱. "Cross-Cultural Adjustment of Expatriates - Cases Analysis". Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3y33tw.
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碩士東吳大學
企業管理學系
105
The advent of globalization results in more and more employees being sent on international assignments to other countries. With the number of expatriates and their families who live and work in foreign countries increased in recent years, culture shock became a phenomenon. This study offers important implications concerning the identification of successful cross-cultural adjustment of expatriates. It introduces the problem of a culture shock as the extent of the differences in cultures between the expatriate's home country and the foreign country. Used five cases analysis allows to examine in details the subject of international adjustment of assignees and their families to the new environment. Keywords: globalization, cross-cultural adjustment, expatriates
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Mei-hua, Cheng, i 鄭美華. "The Organizational Mechanism Adjustment for Cultural Administration". Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56802532231000213706.
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博士國立政治大學
公共行政學系
90
Abstract Cultural development is not only the foundation of a nation’s social development but also the basis for its citizens’ spiritual life. On November 10, 1965, the Ministry of Education set up the Cultural Bureau in order to promote the revival of traditional culture, literature and to conduct and inspect the radio and TV programs as well as motion pictures. For a number of reasons, the Cultural Bureau was disbanded in May 1973. In 1979, considering the growing cultural needs of the people, the government decided to establish an ad hoc organization to be in charge of cultural affairs. In July 1981, the Legislative Yuan passed the establishment of the Council for Cultural Affairs (CCA), which came into existence on November 10. Afterwards, people in different circles suggested the setup of the Ministry of Culture. Meanwhile, The Executive Yuan organized a committee for amending the organizational bill of the government in August 1987. In May 1988, a revised draft of the bill was completed and sent to the Legislative Yuan in October of the same year. However, due to the reorganization of the Legislative Yuan, the amendment was shelved in 1990. Two years later, the committee rediscussed the establishment of the Ministry of Culture. In June 1997, at the Second Symposium on Culture held by CCA, the former vice president Lien Chan declared the Ministry of Culture would be set up, and then the CCA soon formed a task force to deliberate its framework. Anyway, in October 1997, the ad hoc committee maintained that the establishment of the Ministry of Culture hinge on the amendments to the organizational bill of the government, and the draft of the bill would not be discussed until both the Acts of the Central Government Personnel Amount and the Central Government Organizational Criterion are passed into laws. In November 1998, the committee discussed the framework of the Ministry of Culture again, but failed to finish the legal process for the ministry’s establishment. With the government reshuffle in May 2000, the Executive Yuan asked the CCA to submit the organizational bill for further deliberations in the meeting. Nevertheless, due to the second period of streamlining Taiwan Provincial Government, the draft of the bill was postponed for one more year. During the second reading in the Legislative Yuan, the draft was shelved again because of the absence of cross-party consensus. If the amendment of the bill can’t pass the third-reading before the resignation of the lawmakers in January 2001, it has to be reexamined at both the Executive and the Legislative Yuans, it is perceived that the minute and complicated process to set up a ministry. Like political, economic and military growth, cultural development is an essential element of a nation. Taiwan has witnessed political democratization, economic miracle and a well-balanced national defense over the past several decades. However, we still have much to do in the area of cultural affairs, the promotion of cultural affairs falls under different government agencies, including the Ministries of Interior, Education, Transportation and Communications, and the Government Information Office in addition to CCA. Besides, unlike the Council for Economic Reconstruction Affairs, the CCA has no direct control over the distribution of the cultural budget and cannot examine the projects involving those ministries. There are some who keep arguing that if the CCA can make the mechanisms for overall plan, implementation, research and development on its own then it seems that the establishment of the Ministry of Culture is unnecessary or to reform organization with the Council for Sports as the Ministry of Culture and Sports. To put these issues in perspective, the writer takes forward a number of possible mechanisms that can efficiently and effectively promote high-quality cultural development, and intends to analyze the formulations for consolidating cultural administrative authority through Documentary Analysis, Interview Survey and the Delphi-technique. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Key Words：Organization Reform, Restructuring Organization, Organization Mechanism, Organizational Effectiveness, Dual Hierarchy, Triple Hierarchy, Quadruple Hierarchy
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Lin, Yun-Huang, i 林昀皇. "The Effect of Cultural Intelligence and Culture Shock on Foreign Students:The Mediating Effects of Cross-Cultural Adjustment". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90339408477994833390.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
99
With the development of economic globalization, the competition between nations is getting intense. In order to improve the international vision of citizens, all of the states are making great effort to promote their education inter-nationalization, especially on higher education. On national economic development, nations could renew their knowledge power through the flow of talented people and their inventions. In addition, the cross-border cooperation of education is not only a part of, but also an investment of, diplomacy. It has great contribution to the security and equal relationship of international system. Recently, "Education Internationalization" becomes a worldwide popular issue. The research subject of this study is foreign students. This study will examine the relationship between culture intelligence and culture shock and will put cross-culture adjustment as a moderator variable. This study applies the method of questionnaire survey, the total number of questionnaires is 457 and the number of valid questionnaires is 392. The percentage of valid questionnaire is 85.77%.The statistical method of this study is regression and Pearson correlation analysis. The results of this study are: (1) Cultural intelligence will have negative effect and relationship on cultural shock.(2) When foreign students’ perception of cultural intelligence is higher, and then their perception of cross-cultural adjustment will be higher. (3) When foreign students’ perception of cross-cultural adjustment is higher, and then their perception of cultural shock will be lower. (4) Cross-cultural adjustment has moderated the relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural shock According to the finding, this study further discusses the implication for the academic and practice, the limitation of study, and direction for future research.
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Hu, Kuei-Ling, i 胡桂玲. "The Relationship among Cultural Intelligence, Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Overseas Internship Effectiveness". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ut8mq6.
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博士國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系
103
The major purpose of this study is to understand the influence of cultural intelligence (CQ) on overseas interns’ cross-culture adjustment (CCA) and overseas internship effectiveness. In this study two sample groups who took one-year overseas internship in the southern Taiwan’s hospitality university. In the first study, 238 samples, (i) Independent-samples T test to examine the influence of personal background on CCA. The results show, the international experience has a significant effect on interaction adjustment and work adjustment, rather than the gender and work experience. (ii) Multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of CQ on CQ, all four dimensions of CQ positively related to general and interaction adjustment. Also find, only meta-cognitive and behavioral CQ were related to work adjustment. In second study, 67 samples, data was collected from the interns both before and after participating in a one year overseas internship program. (i) Paired-samples T test to examine whether after overseas internship, the interns’ CQ and overseas internship effectiveness had enhanced. The results show after overseas internship involvement, interns’ meta-cognitive, cognitive and motivational CQ have significant differences, but do not have a significant difference with behavioral CQ. (ii) Multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of the degree of changes in CQ and the degree of changes in overseas internship effectiveness. The result of the influence of the degree of changes in CQ and the degree of changes in overseas internship effectiveness, only find the degree of changes in behavioral CQ influence the degree of changes in overseas interns’ ability improvement. Finally, according the result of this study, propose possible managerial implications, for specific and feasible recommendations to internship provider and overseas interns. And make recommendations for future research.
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Peng, Shih-Yi, i 彭詩怡. "The Study of Cross-Cultural Adjustment of Expatriates". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xm47s9.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
諮商心理與人力資源發展學系輔導與諮商研究所
107
This study aims to explore the cross-cultural adjustment experiences of expatriates in China. To understand their adjustment challenges and coping strategies. The study involved four expatriate, and have stayed in China for half a year. In-depth interviews were conducted firsts to obtain textual data, which then transcribed into transcripts. Hennie Boeije’s “spiral of analysis” was adopted as the path of analysis, which leads to the results. The results summarized as follows, the adjustment challenges of expatriates in China: (1) expatriates must adjust the interaction quickly; (2) differences in living conditions; (3) local people take their own priority. The adjustment coping strategies of expatriate in China: (1) work motivation influence adaptation; (2) adjust your attitude; (3) to apply multicultural experience in adaptation. Further discussion and recommendations are based on the results.
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Sung, Yi-Chen, i 宋怡貞. "A Study of the Relationship among Cultural Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, Cultural Shock, and Cross-cultural Adjustment". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18941774790561099508.
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碩士國立中興大學
企業管理學系所
97
The purpose of this study is to understand international students’ adjustment in a different culture environment. We studied the relationship among cultural intelligence, emotional intelligence, cultural shock, and cross-cultural adjustment by using paper-based survey 549 questionnaires were distributed in three months with a return rate of 53.4%. The data supports the following findings: first, cultural intelligence predicted cross-cultural adjustment; second, cultural intelligence predicted cultural shock; third, cultural shock predicted cross-cultural adjustment; fourth, cultural shock mediated the relationships between CQ and cross-cultural adjustment; and fifth, emotional intelligence moderated the relationships between cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. At the end, conclusions, recommendations, and limitations were provided.