Artykuły w czasopismach: „Credibility judgment”

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Mutter, Sharon A., Sue E. Lindsey i Rebecca M. Pliske. "Aging and credibility judgment". Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition 2, nr 2 (kwiecień 1995): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13825589508256590.

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Ask, Karl, Sofia Calderon, Erik Mac Giolla i Marc-André Reinhard. "Approach, Avoidance, and the Perception of Credibility". Open Psychology 2, nr 1 (7.01.2020): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/psych-2020-0002.

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AbstractBased on a functional approach to credibility judgments, the authors hypothesize that receivers’ judgments of senders’ credibility involve an evaluative dimension (i.e., good–bad) and are associated with approach and avoidance tendencies. In three experiments (total N = 645), participants (receivers) judged the credibility of suspects (senders) denying involvement in a mock theft. While watching or reading the message, receivers performed an approach-related (arm flexion) or an avoidance-related (arm extension) motor action. Although receivers’ affective evaluations of senders (good–bad) correlated strongly with credibility judgments in all three experiments, the results of the arm position manipulation were mixed. In Experiment 1, receivers in an arm flexion (vs. arm extension) state judged the sender as more credible, but only when informed beforehand about the upcoming credibility judgment. In Experiment 2 and 3, however, there was no evidence of an arm position effect on credibility judgments. A cross-experimental meta-analysis revealed that the effect of the manipulation was statistically indistinguishable from zero, Hedges’ g = 0.07, 95% CI [−0.09, 0.22], and provided strong support for the null hypothesis. Multiple interpretations of the results are discussed.

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Jahn, Johannes, Melanie Eichhorn i Rolf Brühl. "How Do Individuals Judge Organizational Legitimacy? Effects of Attributed Motives and Credibility on Organizational Legitimacy". Business & Society 59, nr 3 (6.07.2017): 545–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317717959.

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This experimental study examines individuals’ legitimacy judgments. We develop a model that demonstrates the role of attributed motives and corporate credibility for the evaluation of organizational legitimacy and test this model with an experimental vignette study. Our results show that when a corporate activity creates benefits for the firm—in addition to social benefits—individuals attribute more extrinsic motives. Extrinsic motives are ascribed when a corporation is perceived as being driven by external rewards as opposed to an altruistic commitment to a social cause. Extrinsic motives negatively affect corporate credibility and organizational legitimacy judgments. This article contributes to a better understanding of the complex process of organizational legitimacy judgment by shedding light on the individual’s perspective and expounding the relationship between attributed motives, corporate credibility, and organizational legitimacy.

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马, 东云. "Characteristics of Chinese College Students’ Emotional Voice Credibility Judgment". Advances in Psychology 08, nr 10 (2018): 1527–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ap.2018.810177.

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Nahari, Galit. "Elaborations on credibility judgments by professional lie detectors and laypersons: strategies of judgment and justification". Psychology, Crime & Law 18, nr 6 (lipiec 2012): 567–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1068316x.2010.511222.

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Beaulieu, Philip R. "The Effects of Judgments of New Clients' Integrity upon Risk Judgments, Audit Evidence, and Fees". AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 20, nr 2 (1.09.2001): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2001.20.2.85.

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Client integrity concerns auditors when they plan new audit engagements because it is related to both fraud risk and the source credibility of clients. Auditors may increase audit work and fees when they judge integrity to be below normal. In an experiment, a sample of 63 Canadian audit partners read information about a prospective audit client, including information about the client's CFO. This information was manipulated to support a judgment of either high or low integrity. As hypothesized, judgments of client integrity were negatively related to risk judgments, audit evidence extent recommendations (indirectly through risk judgments), and fee recommendations (indirectly through risk judgments and extent recommendations).

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Faust, David. "Declarations versus Investigations: The Case for the Special Reasoning Abilities and Capabilities of the Expert witness in Psychology/Psychiatry". Journal of Psychiatry & Law 13, nr 1-2 (marzec 1985): 33–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093185385013001-204.

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Arguments regarding the credibility of psychologists’ and psychiatrists’ expert testimony are commonly restricted to impressions about whether claims to special reasoning powers or capabilities are justified or not. The large, but often neglected body of research on human judgment provides a means for analyzing these claims scientifically. Systematic review shows that claims for the beneficial effects of experience and practice on judgment accuracy, the clinician's powers of data integration, the ability to utilize clinical impression, and the capacity to detect malingering have little evidence and extensive counterevidence. Caution is advised in using these claims to bolster one's credibility.

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McGrath, Kristin, i Cecilie Gaziano. "Dimensions of Media Credibility: Highlights of the 1985 ASNE Survey". Newspaper Research Journal 7, nr 2 (styczeń 1986): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953298600700207.

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The 1985 ASNE media credibility survey showed the public is most critical of media in their coverage of ordinary people, accuracy and bias. Other credibility problems derive from people's confusion about separation of fact and opinion, differences between the public and the media in news judgment, coverage of news and news presentation. Attitudes toward credibility were related to views on press freedoms and attitudes toward media use. Recommendations for newspapers are provided.

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Gaziano, Cecilie. "News People's Ideology and the Credibility Debate". Newspaper Research Journal 9, nr 1 (wrzesień 1987): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953298700900101.

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Data show newspaper journalists' tendency toward liberal philosophies is reflected in attitudes toward credibility, the way journalists and newspapers approach doing their jobs, coverage of different kinds of people, news judgment issues, press freedoms and evaluations of their newspapers. This tendency may contribute indirectly to public distrust of newspapers and other media because the public tends to be more conservative than journalists on these issues. Journalists' attitudes seem related to a “world view” which sets journalists, and one subgroup in particular, apart from the public as a whole.

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He, Jinhui, Huirong Zhang, Zhenyu Zhang i Jiaping Zhang. "Probabilistic Linguistic Three-Way Multi-Attibute Decision Making for Hidden Property Evaluation of Judgment Debtor". Journal of Mathematics 2021 (3.05.2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9941200.

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Most law enforcement cases executed by the courts in China have behaviours of evading, evading, or even violently resisting execution or passively waiting for enforcement, which seriously affects the authority of legal judgments and the judiciary’s credibility. Therefore, we develop a hidden property evaluation model based on the probabilistic linguistic three-way multiattribute decision-making (PL3W-MADM) method. Considering the advantages of probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) expressing the evaluation information and their probabilities on judgment debtor given by expert judges, we extend the three-way decision method to a probabilistic linguistic environment and develop the strict PL3W-MADM model and flexible PL3W-MADM model. Then, the PL3W-MADM models are used to construct the hidden property evaluation model of judgment debtors. Finally, the developed hidden property evaluation model can quickly and effectively classify the judgment debtors into three categories: hidden behaviour, no hidden behaviour or lack of information, and temporary inability to judge. The results show that the developed model is more suitable for hidden property evaluation than the strict PL3W-MADM model and the flexible PL3W-MADM model.

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Hester, Patrick. "Epistemic Uncertainty Analysis: An Approach Using Expert Judgment and Evidential Credibility". International Journal of Quality, Statistics, and Reliability 2012 (8.11.2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/617481.

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When dealing with complex systems, all decision making occurs under some level of uncertainty. This is due to the physical attributes of the system being analyzed, the environment in which the system operates, and the individuals which operate the system. Techniques for decision making that rely on traditional probability theory have been extensively pursued to incorporate these inherent aleatory uncertainties. However, complex problems also typically include epistemic uncertainties that result from lack of knowledge. These problems are fundamentally different and cannot be addressed in the same fashion. In these instances, decision makers typically use subject matter expert judgment to assist in the analysis of uncertainty. The difficulty with expert analysis, however, is in assessing the accuracy of the expert's input. The credibility of different information can vary widely depending on the expert’s familiarity with the subject matter and their intentional (i.e., a preference for one alternative over another) and unintentional biases (heuristics, anchoring, etc.). This paper proposes the metric of evidential credibility to deal with this issue. The proposed approach is ultimately demonstrated on an example problem concerned with the estimation of aircraft maintenance times for the Turkish Air Force.

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Van Der Heide, Brandon, i Young-shin Lim. "On the Conditional Cueing of Credibility Heuristics". Communication Research 43, nr 5 (6.01.2015): 672–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093650214565915.

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When seeking information, Internet users often find multiple communicators co-presenting and expressing their opinions. This study examined how people judge message senders’ credibility in a multi-source environment based on system-generated cues, the consensus among multiple sources, and the effect of receiver’s familiarity with the online platform. Moreover, this research examined the mediating role of source credibility in attitude change in an online consumer-review community. Results indicated that users familiar with a platform were more likely to use system-generated cues for their judgment of credibility along with consensus heuristics, and the combination of heuristics influenced attitude through credibility. However, unfamiliar users relied on consensus heuristics but not system-generated cues. These findings and their theoretical implications are discussed.

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Hershkowitz, Irit, Eran P. Melkman i Ronit Zur. "When Is a Child’s Forensic Statement Deemed Credible? A Comparison of Physical and Sexual Abuse Cases". Child Maltreatment 23, nr 2 (15.10.2017): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077559517734059.

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A large national sample of 4,775 reports of child physical and sexual abuse made in Israel in 2014 was analyzed in order to examine whether assessments of credibility would vary according to abuse type, physical or sexual, and whether child and event characteristics contributing to the probability that reports of abuse would be determined as credible would be similar or different in child physical abuse (CPA) and child sexual abuse (CSA) cases. Results revealed that CPA reports were less likely to be viewed as credible (41.9%) compared to CSA reports (56.7%). Multigroup path analysis, however, indicated equivalence in predicting factors. In a unified model for both types of abuse, salient predictors of a credible judgment were older age, lack of a cognitive delay, and the alleged abusive event being a onetime less severe act. Over and beyond the effects of these factors, abuse type significantly contributed to the prediction of credibility judgments.

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Alexander, Raquel Meyer. "The Effects of Source Credibility on Tax Professional Judgment in Consulting Engagements". Journal of the American Taxation Association 25, s-1 (1.01.2003): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.2003.25.s-1.33.

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Tax consulting services are an important growth area for professional accounting firms. However, regulatory and governmental bodies are concerned that consulting service sales may impair professional accountants' judgment. Using source credibility theory, this study examines whether research and review processes in taxconsulting engagements differ when two key factors are varied: source of the planning idea and engagement type. Big 4 seniors and managers reviewed a tax memorandum in which information source (prepared by National Tax Office or local staff member) and engagement type (initiated by a client or by the firm) are manipulated in a 2×2 design. Engagement managers performed the most thorough reviews when involved in a firm-initiated consulting engagement relying upon a National Tax Office memorandum. Thus, the results of this study are inconsistent with the presumption that objectivity is impaired in highly incentivized consulting engagements.

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Wang, Ling-Hsiang, Yu-Yung Hung, Philip C. Chow, Che-Sheng Chu, Hsing-Jung Li, Ti Lu i Ching-Hong Tsai. "Credibility Judgment Predictors for Child Sexual Abuse Reports in Forensic Psychiatric Evaluations". Psychiatry Investigation 16, nr 2 (25.02.2019): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30773/pi.2018.12.03.

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Tian, Junfeng, i He Zhang. "A Credible Cloud Service Model based on Behavior Graphs and Tripartite Decision-Making Mechanism". International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing 8, nr 3 (lipiec 2016): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijghpc.2016070103.

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The credibility of cloud service is the key to the success of the application of cloud services. The dual servers of master server and backup server are applied to cloud services, which can improve the availability of cloud services. In the past, the failures between master server and backup server could be detected by heartbeat algorithm. Because of lacking cloud user's evaluation, the authors put forward a credible cloud service model based on behavior Graphs and tripartite decision-making mechanism. By the quantitative of cloud users' behaviors evidences, the construction of behavior Graphs and the judgment of behavior, they select the most credible cloud user. They combine the master server, the backup server and the selected credible cloud user to determine the credibility of cloud service by the tripartite decision-making mechanism. Finally, according to the result of credible judgment, the authors could decide whether it will be switched from the master server to the backup server.

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Jenkins, J. Gregory, i Christine M. Haynes. "The Persuasiveness of Client Preferences: An Investigation of the Impact of Preference Timing and Client Credibility". AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 22, nr 1 (1.03.2003): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2003.22.1.143.

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Explicitly stated client preferences are intended to persuade the auditor to accept a preferred outcome. This experimental study investigates two determinants of a preference's persuasiveness—timing and client credibility. Sixty-four experienced auditors completed two hypothetical cases, one involving disclosure of a contingent liability and the other involving the collectibility of a customer account. The findings suggest that audit judgments regarding contingent liability disclosure may be biased toward a client's preference if the preference is received prior to evidence evaluation (i.e., an early preference) but not if the preference is received at the end of the evidence evaluation process (i.e., a late preference). No such bias, however, is present for the collectibility judgment. Results also indicate that auditors who receive an early preference ask to examine more additional audit evidence than those who receive a late preference, although whether they seek additional evidence to confirm or disconfirm the client's preference remains unclear. Finally, no support is found for the ordinal interaction hypothesizing that only a highly credible client in the early preference condition will differentially influence contingent liability disclosure and accounts receivable collectibility judgments.

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Crook, Amy E. "Unintended Consequences: Narrowing SJT Usage and Losing Credibility With Applicants". Industrial and Organizational Psychology 9, nr 1 (marzec 2016): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2015.118.

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Lievens and Motowidlo (2016) present a convincing case for why situational judgment tests (SJTs) should be developed specifically to measure general domain knowledge, but I have two concerns regarding the use of SJTs in psychological research and practical settings if the reconceptualization of SJTs offered by the authors is adopted to the exclusion of other current approaches. The first concerns abandoning SJTs as a helpful job analysis tool if we encourage intentional conflation of trait expression with job effectiveness in the development of SJT items. Second, diluting the situational component of SJTs may reduce their acceptance as selection tools by job applicants and practitioners in organizations.

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Stroud, Lynfa, Matthew Sibbald, Denyse Richardson, Heather McDonald-Blumer i Rodrigo B. Cavalcanti. "Feedback Credibility in a Formative Postgraduate Objective Structured Clinical Examination: Effects of Examiner Type". Journal of Graduate Medical Education 10, nr 2 (1.04.2018): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-17-00578.1.

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ABSTRACT Background Resident perspectives on feedback are key determinants of its acceptance and effectiveness, and provider credibility is a critical element in perspective formation. It is unclear what factors influence a resident's judgment of feedback credibility. Objective We examined how residents perceive the credibility of feedback providers during a formative objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in 2 ways: (1) ratings of faculty examiners compared with standardized patient (SP) examiners, and (2) ratings of faculty examiners based on alignment of expertise and station content. Methods During a formative OSCE, internal medicine residents were randomized to receive immediate feedback from either faculty examiners or SP examiners on communication stations, and at least 1 specialty congruent and either 1 specialty incongruent or general internist faculty examiner for clinical stations. Residents rated perceived credibility of feedback providers on a 7-point scale. Results were analyzed with proportional odds models for ordinal credibility ratings. Results A total of 192 of 203 residents (95%), 72 faculty, and 10 SPs participated. For communication stations, odds of high credibility ratings were significantly lower for SP than for faculty examiners (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28, P < .001). For clinical stations, credibility odds were lower for specialty incongruent faculty (OR = 0.19, P < .001) and female faculty (OR = 0.45, P < .001). Conclusions Faculty examiners were perceived as being more credible than SP examiners, despite standardizing feedback delivery. Specialty incongruency with station content and female sex were associated with lower credibility ratings for faculty examiners.

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Magro, Anne M. "discussion of The Effects of Source Credibility on Tax Professional Judgment in Consulting Engagements". Journal of the American Taxation Association 25, s-1 (1.01.2003): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.2003.25.s-1.51.

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Nahari, Galit, Joseph Glicksohn i Israel Nachson. "Do textual features affect credibility judgment? It all depends on who is the judge". Applied Cognitive Psychology 23, nr 2 (luty 2009): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acp.1529.

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Yamamoto, Yusuke. "Supporting credibility judgment in web search by Yusuke Yamamoto, with Martin Vesely as coordinator". ACM SIGWEB Newsletter, Spring (27.03.2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3065953.3065956.

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Smith, Ron F. "Black & White. Unread All over?: How Design & Color Affect Reader Judgment of Newspapers". Newspaper Research Journal 10, nr 2 (styczeń 1989): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073953298901000207.

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A study of design and color effects on newspaper credibility indicates that earlier notions that readers equate modern color and layout with lack of professionalism may be faulty. The present study finds that readers judge color and design charactistics less harshly than previously thought and that characteristics other than design considerations “color” readers' views of newspaper value.

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Li, Bin, Ya Long Wang i Ting Ting Tan. "Function Effects Post-Evaluation for Substation Construction Project Based on Multi-Level Extension Assessment Method". Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (październik 2014): 1753–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.1753.

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This paper established a multi-level extension model for function effects post-evaluation of substation construction project, the model not only reduces the influence of subjective factors on the evaluation results, but also can determines the key factors which affect the quality of the evaluation results and overall developing trend of the project and provides some suggestions for the project late operation. Taking into account the fact that the element of the judgment matrix formed by traditional AHP is a certain value and may lead to a big difference from the judgment matrix formed by the different group of experts, thus reduces the credibility of the evaluation results; In order to overcome the problem, this paper introduces the concept of interval number, the maximum and minimum of judgment matrix elements relative importance comparison are used as the upper and lower limits of interval number respectively. Interval number are used as the elements of judgment matrix to make the evaluation result more rational. At the end, a practical 220kV substation construction project is taken as an example to verify the validity and rationality of the established model.

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Nabata, Yasuyuki, i Makiko Naka. "The credibility ratings of eyewitness testimony: Focusing on the judgment process of mock lay judges". Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 78 (10.09.2014): L—002—L—002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.78.0_l-002.

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Sharpston, Eleanor. "Transparency and Clear Legal Language in the European Union: Ambiguous Legislative Texts, Laconic Pronouncements and the Credibility of the Judicial System". Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 12 (2010): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/152888712802636148.

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AbstractThe legal system of the European Union generates particular problems of opacity and lack of clarity. This chapter seeks to identify some of the causes of those problems. First, the nature of the texts with which the Court of Justice deals—’Union legislation’, orders for references from national courts and submissions to the Court—is examined. Problems here include the multi-lingual and multi-cultural backgrounds of those involved in the process, vagueness in legislative drafting and lack of clarity in references and submissions placed before the Court. Secondly, the Court’s own judgments and the opinions of its Advocates General are considered. Problems here include the factors governing the drafting of a single consensus judgment and the fact that it is not always easy to strike the correct balance between speed and quality. Lastly, a number of suggestions for change are offered. The obstacles are not insuperable and improvements can be made.

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Sharpston, Eleanor. "Transparency and Clear Legal Language in the European Union: Ambiguous Legislative Texts, Laconic Pronouncements and the Credibility of the Judicial System". Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies 12 (2010): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1528887000001853.

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Abstract The legal system of the European Union generates particular problems of opacity and lack of clarity. This chapter seeks to identify some of the causes of those problems. First, the nature of the texts with which the Court of Justice deals—’Union legislation’, orders for references from national courts and submissions to the Court—is examined. Problems here include the multi-lingual and multi-cultural backgrounds of those involved in the process, vagueness in legislative drafting and lack of clarity in references and submissions placed before the Court. Secondly, the Court’s own judgments and the opinions of its Advocates General are considered. Problems here include the factors governing the drafting of a single consensus judgment and the fact that it is not always easy to strike the correct balance between speed and quality. Lastly, a number of suggestions for change are offered. The obstacles are not insuperable and improvements can be made.

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Geidner, Nick, i Jaclyn Cameron. "Readers perceive deceptive graphics as less credible". Newspaper Research Journal 38, nr 4 (14.11.2017): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739532917739878.

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This study examines individuals’ understanding and judgment of news information graphics. Specifically, an experimental design was used to examine the effects of deceptive design practices on the amount of time the user spent on the graphic, information recall and perceptions of credibility. These effects were examined in a general and political news context. In the sample (N = 239), participants recalled more information from the deceptive graphic and found it less credible than the non-biased graphic.

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Sulastri, Sulastri, i Ika Uswatun Kasanah. "Does Emotional Intelligence and Religiosity Affect the Ethical Judgment of Accounting Students?" JABE (JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND BUSINESS EDUCATION) 5, nr 2 (30.03.2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26675/jabe.v5i2.15506.

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This study aims to determine the effect of Emotional Intelligence and religiosity on the ethical judgment of accounting students. The sample in this study amounted to 210 accounting student respondents. The sample in this study was taken by the purposive sampling technique. The data in this study were collected using a questionnaire and then analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regression. Based on the research results, it is known that Emotional Intelligence and religiosity have a significant positive effect on the ethical judgment in accounting students. This means that the higher the level of Emotional Intelligence and the level of religiosity of students, the more assertive they will be in making an ethical judgment. Thus, based on the results of this study, it is hoped that educational institutions, especially at the university level, will provide services and training to accounting students to improve their Emotional Intelligence and religiosity. Also, companies can add indicators of Emotional Intelligence and religiosity in recruiting accounting staff and corporate auditors, to increase the company's credibility and integrity in the future.

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Jeong, Eunha, i SooCheong (Shawn) Jang. "Heuristic evaluation of healthy menus: examining the effect of brand image congruity". International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 29, nr 10 (9.10.2017): 2514–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2015-0633.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate how restaurant customers’ heuristic judgment, originating from their perceived level of congruity between restaurant brand image regarding healthfulness and healthy menu products, can affect their information processing in terms of their perceived nutritional information credibility and, furthermore, how these effects influence customers’ attitude toward the menu in terms of healthiness. Design/methodology/approach A Web-based survey was developed and distributed to randomly selected respondents in the USA, and in total, 320 responses were used for the data analyses. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationship among three constructs: perceived brand–product congruity, perceived nutritional information credibility and nutrition attitude toward the healthy menu item being promoted. To assess the mediating role of perceived information credibility, an analytical procedure proposed by (Baron and Kenny 1986) was used. Finally, to investigate the moderating effect of the health involvement, multiple group analyses were executed. Findings The study results suggested that the synchronization between healthful brand image of the restaurant and the promoted menu item is important for ensuring customers’ perceptions of information credibility regarding the menu item healthiness and for eliciting customers’ positive nutrition attitudes toward the menu item. Also, positive nutrition attitudes toward a menu item can be increased by improving perceived information credibility. Depending on an individual’s level of health involvement, the relationships between the three proposed constructs vary. Originality/value This paper includes a theoretical model that explains customers’ heuristic evaluation of a healthy menu product by assessing the influence of brand image congruity in terms of healthy menu promotion.

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Arahita, Ceva Lavenja, i Jurry Hatammimi. "Factors Affecting the Intention to Reuse Mobile Banking Service". International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478) 4, nr 4 (22.10.2015): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v4i4.15.

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The accelerated advancement in technology resulted to the appearance of Self Service Technology. One form of self-service technology in the banking sector is the presence of mobile banking. This study aims to examine the influence of five factors toward the reusing of Mobile Bank Central Asia (BCA) in Bandung. Those factors used in this study were the extension of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) constructs, i.e perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived credibility, customer awareness and social influence. Data was collected through distributed questionnaire to 100 respondents who used Mobile BCA by using judgment sampling. Multiple linear regression technique was employed to investigate the influence among variables. This study empirically concluded that consumer intention to reuse BCA mobile services was positively influenced by social influence, customer awareness and perceived ease of use. On the other hand, perceived usefulness and perceived credibility did not influence the intention of reusing Mobile BCA in Bandung. Further study is suggested to use probability sampling technique to cover the real voice of mobile banking user in Bandung and to explore the lack influence of perceived usefulness and perceived credibility toward reusing of Mobile BCA.

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Choi, Youngjoon, Benjamin Hickerson i Deborah Kerstetter. "Understanding the Sources of Online Travel Information". Journal of Travel Research 57, nr 1 (8.02.2017): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287516683833.

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Given that online travel media enable multilateral communication patterns in destination marketing, this study investigates technical attributes presenting the number and type of source-related visual cues. From a technological perspective, the sources of online travel information can be conceptualized in terms of specialization, endorsement, and other users’ star rating to reflect technological functions and psychological effects. An experiment with a 2 (specialization: a generalist website vs. a specialist website) × 2 (endorsement: absence vs. presence) × 3 (star rating: low vs. medium vs. high) factorial between-subjects design was conducted to test the relationships between source-related visual cues, cue-induced perceptions, information credibility, and destination images. This study found that each source-related visual cue produced distinctive psychological effects on a tourist’s perceptions. Furthermore, these cue-induced perceptions were influential to tourists’ judgment of information credibility, which was positively related to destination images and behavioral intention.

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Robinson, Darryl. "Trials, Tribulations, and Triumphs: Major Developments in 1997 at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia". Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 35 (1998): 179–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0069005800006627.

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SummaryNineteen ninety-seven was marked by several important developments at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. A series of arrests and voluntary surrenders have increased the Tribunal's workload and credibility. The landmark Tadic judgment has clarified international humanitarian law, particularly with respect to crimes against humanity. The Erdemovic decision considered the defence of duress with respect to the murder of civilians and the use ofguilty pleas in international criminal law. Finally, the Blaskic decision has considered the use of subpoenas in international law.

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Brown, J. Owen, i Velina K. Popova. "The Interplay of Management Incentives and Audit Committee Communication on Auditor Judgment". Behavioral Research in Accounting 28, nr 1 (1.08.2015): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/bria-51259.

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ABSTRACT This study investigates the interplay of management and the audit committee on auditor judgments and evidence documentation. In a 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment, 58 experienced auditors were tasked with evaluating an inventory obsolescence issue when management's incentives to influence the auditor were either higher or lower. The auditors were also either provided or not provided with additional communicated expectations from the audit committee that opposed management's aggressive reporting preference. Drawing on research on competing preferences and source credibility theory, we predict and find that when management's incentives are higher, additional audit committee communication has a significant and positive impact on auditors' evidence evaluation and related judgments. However, we find no effect of added audit committee influence when management incentives are lower. These findings highlight the importance of examining the interrelationships among the various actors contributing to corporate governance and also inform standard setters about the benefits of increased communication between audit committees and auditors.

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Hraiz, Raghda, Mariam Khader i Adnan Shaout. "A Multi-Stage Fuzzy Model for Assessing Applicants for Faculty Positions in Universities". International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 15, nr 1 (styczeń 2019): 51–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiit.2019010103.

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Assessing applicants for faculty positions in universities involves many issues. Each issue may involve a judgment based on uncertain or imprecise data. The uncertainty in data may exist in the interpretation made by the evaluator. This issue might lead to improper decision making. Modeling such a system using fuzzy logic will provide a more efficient model for handling imprecision. This article presents a fuzzy system for modeling the assessment of applicants for employment at academic universities. This system will utilize a multi-stage fuzzy model for measuring and evaluating the applicants. Utilizing fuzzy logic for applicants' evaluation will help administrators in choosing the best candidates for faculty positions. The fuzzy system was developed using jFuzzyLogic Java library. The reliability of the proposed system was proved by evaluating real-world case studies to prove its effectiveness to mimic human judgment. Moreover, the developed system has been evaluated by comparing it with a traditional mathematical method to prove the credibility and fairness of the proposed fuzzy system.

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Ye, Fang, Jie Chen, Yibing Li i Jian Kang. "Decision-Making Algorithm for Multisensor Fusion Based on Grey Relation and DS Evidence Theory". Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3954573.

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Decision-making algorithm, as the key technology for uncertain data fusion, is the core to obtain reasonable multisensor information fusion results. DS evidence theory is a typical and widely applicable decision-making method. However, DS evidence theory makes decisions without considering the sensors’ difference, which may lead to illogical results. In this paper, we present a novel decision-making algorithm for uncertain fusion based on grey relation and DS evidence theory. The proposed algorithm comprehensively takes consideration of sensor’s credibility and evidence’s overall discriminability, which can solve the uncertainty problems caused by inconsistence of sensors themselves and complexity of monitoring environment and simultaneously ensure the validity and accuracy of fusion results. The innovative decision-making algorithm firstly obtains the sensor’s credibility through the introduction of grey relation theory and then defines two impact factors as sensor’s credibility and evidence’s overall discriminability according to the focal element analyses and evidence’s distance analysis, respectively; after that, it uses the impact factors to modify the evidences and finally gets more reasonable and effective results through DS combination rule. Simulation results and analyses demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can overcome the trouble caused by large evidence conflict and one-vote veto, which indicates that it can improve the ability of target judgment and enhance precision of uncertain data fusion. Thus the novel decision-making method has a certain application value.

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Baumeister, Roy F., i Kathleen D. Vohs. "Revisiting Our Reappraisal of the (Surprisingly Few) Benefits of High Self-Esteem". Perspectives on Psychological Science 13, nr 2 (marzec 2018): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691617701185.

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Our 2003 article clashed with conventional wisdom by concluding that high self-esteem has only a couple of benefits, notably high initiative (based on trusting one’s own judgment) and feeling good. Its high citation rate reflects not only the novel conclusions but also widespread interest in self-esteem both among researchers and in the broader society. Psychology may have lost some credibility by advocating efforts to raise self-esteem that were based on correlational evidence, which may be a salutary lesson for the field. There is still much to learn about self-esteem, but future work can improve by noting weaknesses in self-report data and correcting for confounds.

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Chaiken, Shelly, i Durairaj Maheswaran. "Heuristic processing can bias systematic processing: Effects of source credibility, argument ambiguity, and task importance on attitude judgment." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 66, nr 3 (1994): 460–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.3.460.

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Hu, Wei, i Ou Li. "Research on Fault Diagnosis Strategy of Belt Conveyor". Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (luty 2013): 607–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.607.

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In view of the inadequacy of the fault diagnosis of the belt conveyor, the paper takes advantage of the application of fuzzy information fusion technology to fault diagnosis, based on the fuzzy set theory, a fault diagnosis method based on Multi-sensor fuzzy information fusion is developed. The obtain information of many sensors will fuzzy, again its fusion based on the synthetic operation and decision-making rules of the fusion center, in order to gain the accurate state estimation and judgment of belt conveyor. The experimental result indicates that the credibility of diagnosis is improved markedly and the uncertainty is reduced significantly after the multi-sensor fuzzy information fusion, the accurate diagnosis to belt conveyor is realized.

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De Sousa, Alisson Fernando Abreu, i Kennedy Cabral Nobre. "ETHÉ DE CREDIBILIDADE E DE IDENTIFICAÇÃO E DISCURSO DE JUSTIFICAÇÃO NA DEFESA DE DILMA ROUSSEFF". Revista DisSoL - Discurso, Sociedade e Linguagem, nr 9 (9.07.2019): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.35501/dissol.v0i9.521.

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Resumo:O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar de que modo se constroem ethé no discurso de defesa da então presidenta Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), pronunciado quando do julgamento de seu impeachment (29 de agosto de 2016), bem como identificar as estratégias enunciativas de discurso de justificação utilizadas pela oradora. A fundamentação teórica está embasada nos estudos de Charaudeau (2011) sobre os tipos de ethé de credibilidade e de identificação no discurso político, e sobre as características de discurso de justificação. Como metodologia, procedeu-se por analisar o proferimento de Dilma no que se refere aos ethé de “sério”, de “virtude”, de “competência”, de “potência”, de “caráter”, de “inteligência”, de “humanidade”, de “chefe”, e de “solidariedade”, bem como por analisar o uso das estratégias enunciativas que justifiquem os atos políticos da oradora, com base na classificação das estratégias enunciativas de negação, de razão superior, e de não-intencionalidade, que constituem o discurso de justificação postulada por Charaudeau (2011). Dessa forma, os resultados apontam que Dilma Rousseff, em seu proferimento político, constrói alguns dos ethé por nós elencados (cf. CHARAUDEAU, 2011), quais sejam: os ethé de “sério”, de “virtude”, de “competência”; de “caráter”, e de “humanidade”. Além de justificar-se, predominantemente, pelas estratégias enunciativas de negação, da razão superior, e de não-intencionalidade, haja vista o contexto situacional do proferimento, o seu julgamento de impeachment, e sua defesa veemente de que não cometeu crime de responsabilidade fiscal.Palavras-chave: ethé de credibilidade; discurso de justificação; ethé de identificação. CREDIBILITY AND IDENTIFICATION ETHÉ AND JUSTIFICATION DISCOURSE IN DILMA ROUSSEFF'S DEFENSEAbstract:The present work aims analyzing the ethé of credibility and identification, as well as analyzing the enunciative strategies of justification discourse in the political pronouncement of Dilma Rousseff (2011-2016), pronounced at the time of her impeachment judgment. of August 2016. The theoretical foundation is based on the studies of Charaudeau (2011) about the types of ethé of credibility and identification in political discourse, and on the characteristics of justification discourse. As methodology, we proceeded to analyze Dilma's pronouncement relative to the ethos of “serious”, “virtue”, “competence”, “power”, “character”, “intelligence”, “humanity”. “boss”, and “solidarity”, as well as to analyzing the use of enunciative strategies to justify her political acts, based on the classification of enunciative strategies of negation, superior reason, and non-intentionality , which constitute the justification discourse postulated by Charaudeau (2011). The results indicates that Dilma Rousseff, in her political pronouncement, constructs some of the ethé listed (CHARAUDEAU, 2011), which are: ethé of “serious”, of “virtue”, of “competence”; of “character”, and of “humanity”. In addition to being predominantly justified by the enunciative strategies of negation, superior reason, and non-intentionality, given the situational context of the pronouncement, her impeachment judgment, and her vehement defense that she did not commit a crime of fiscal responsibility.Keywords: ethé of credibility; justification discourse; ethé of identification.

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Arendt, Florian. "A Newspaper’s Effect on the Strength of Automatic Associations in Memory". Journal of Media Psychology 24, nr 1 (styczeń 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-1105/a000057.

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A test was done to see if reading a newspaper which consistently overrepresents foreigners as criminals strengthens the automatic association between foreign country and criminal in memory (i.e., implicit cultivation). Further, an investigation was done to find out if reading articles from the same newspaper produces a short-term effect on the same measure and if (1) emotionalization of the newspaper texts, (2) emotional reactions of the reader (indicated by arousal), and (3) attributed text credibility moderate the short-term treatment effect. Eighty-five participants were assigned to one of three experimental conditions. Participants in the control group received short factual crime texts, where the nationality of the offender was not mentioned. Participants in the factual treatment group received the same texts, but the foreign nationality was mentioned. Participants in the emotionalized treatment group received emotionalized articles (i.e., texts which are high in vividness and frequency) covering the same crimes, with the foreign nationality mentioned. Supporting empirical evidence for implicit cultivation and a short-term effect was found. However, only emotionalized articles produced a short-term effect on the strength of the automatic association, indicating that newspaper texts must have a minimum of stimulus intensity to overcome an effect threshold. There were no moderating effects of arousal or credibility pertaining to the impact on the implicit measure. However, credibility moderated the short-term effect on a first-order judgment (i.e., estimated frequency of foreigners of all criminals). This indicates that a newspaper’s effect on the strength of automatic associations is relatively independent from processes of propositional reasoning.

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Zhu, Ping Hua, Jin Cai Feng i Xin Jie Wang. "Fuzzy Synthesis Method for Evaluating Quality Class of Coarse Recycled Concrete Aggregate". Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (maj 2011): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.783.

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It’s necessary evaluating for quality of coarse recycled concrete aggregate (CRA) before it is used as feasible alternative of natural coarse aggregate (NCA). The factors affecting the quality of CRA, however, being multitudinous and complicated so much, associated to regional characteristic of CRA, led to a research on evaluating quality of CRA from China. First, the CRA was partitioned into three fuzzy quality classes corresponded to high, middle, and poor, respectively, whose applicable environment action grades and projects in terms of quality classes were suggested. Second, a fuzzy synthesis method how to evaluate quality classes was proposed. The present method used six indices, i.e., attached mortar content, bulk specific density, water absorption, Los Angeles abrasion loss, chlorid content and sulfate content. The weights for six indices were obtained based on credibility matrix and frequency statistic and the memberships based on optimum-intervel-style membership function. Using fuzzy weighted average operator, judgment matrix was calculated and synthetic membership score was considered as quality class judgment standard. Last, large numbers of engineering examples were computed using a program compiled in Matlab language. Computing results show that the present method is objective and reliable.

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Newton, William. "Aquinas and the ‘Genius of Woman’". Downside Review 135, nr 4 (październik 2017): 173–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0012580617730981.

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Aquinas views women as inferior to men at a natural level in some respects. While affirming unity of species and hence an essential equality, he views women as intellectually inferior. This article considers the root cause of this position and argues that we must make a distinction between a twofold inheritance that was bequeathed by Aristotle to Aquinas. It is the erroneous embryology of Aristotle that is the underlying cause of Aquinas’s judgment of the inferiority of women because it divides the sexes into passive and active principles of human generation. Given Aquinas’s metaphysical commitment to the superiority of act over potency, this necessarily leads to a judgment of inferiority and has far-reaching implications vis-a-vis a negative view of the intellectual capacity of women. However, there is an important metaphysical inheritance from Aristotle that, if carefully separated from the erroneous physics (i.e. from the embryology), has the power to give credibility to the idea of the ‘genius of woman’, as popularized by John Paul II. A key element of this positive inheritance is the hylomorphic theory understood to include the notion of matter having some determinative impact on the substantial form.

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Zhang, Qing Xin, Shan Wei Zhang, Cui Yu Zhu i Yong Tao. "Identification and Elimination of Gross Error in Petrochemical Enterprise". Applied Mechanics and Materials 236-237 (listopad 2012): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.236-237.219.

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The improved MT-NT combination method has solved the issue of failure or interrupted of solving when it is used in the Petroleum chemical enterprise production process. In this paper the judgment of the variable coordination credibility was added, corresponding processing was made in the measurement, and a more cautious handling was taken on the measured variable that may cause significant error. The experimental results show that this method is more suitable for application and actual production process. The MT-NT combination method has a higher accuracy and integrity in the detection of significant errors, with the advantage of both eliminating the defect of missing appreciable error and improving the calibration results. As a result, the method is more suitable for application and actual production process.

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Bergh, Donald D., i Frederick L. Oswald. "Fostering Robust, Reliable, and Replicable Research at the Journal of Management". Journal of Management 46, nr 7 (30.04.2020): 1302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206320917729.

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We describe adaptations at the Journal of Management to increase robust, reliable, and replicable research. We begin with the premise that a condition of information asymmetry exists within the submission review process. On one side, authors may or may not report material judgment calls with respect to methodological decisions and reporting of analytical models and findings. On the other side, editors and reviewers may have disclosure expectations and requirements that authors do not know. We describe structural changes made at the Journal of Management and to its review process designed to increase transparency and establish new standards of robust, reliable, and replicable research. We also describe how the special issue contributes to the journal’s trajectory toward improving scientific rigor and credibility.

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Brynhildsvoll, Knut. "The Ethics of Aesthetics". Interlitteraria 22, nr 2 (16.01.2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2017.22.2.2.

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In my article I shall deal with the role of modern literary criticism as exercised by critics working for influential newspapers, journals and public media. I will discuss the evaluating standards and the judgment criteria. I will also examine the independence and moral integrity of critics working in close cooperation with big publishing houses. An important part of my article will focus on the jeopardized balance in book business which threatens to make the critics vulnerable to compromises and loss of ethical credibility. As a consequence of the critic’s cooperation with the sales departments of the publishing houses, he might overlook good literature and promote best-sellers, thus giving priority to a category of books which seldom proves to be of lasting value.

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CLAIR, RALF ST. "Similarity and Superunknowns: An Essay on the Challenges of Educational Research". Harvard Educational Review 75, nr 4 (1.12.2005): 435–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.75.4.a263u5q535658h41.

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In this article, Ralf St. Clair makes the argument that induction—the process of applying research findings from one setting to another — is logically unsupported, irrespective of method or methodology, due to the existence of superunknowns. Superunknowns are defined as factors that cannot be anticipated, not because of instrumentation defects, but because of their nature. On this basis, St. Clair asserts that we cannot increase the credibility of educational research by trying ever more strenuously to create general laws. Instead, St. Clair argues for educational research to be viewed as a means to generate empirical heuristics for thought and inquiry, and for wider recognition of the central—and essential—role of human judgment, as exercised by practitioners and researchers, in the research endeavor.

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Durán, Pilar. "The empirical base of linguistics: Grammaticality judgments and linguistic methodology. Carson T. Schütze. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. Pp. 212." Applied Psycholinguistics 21, nr 1 (marzec 2000): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400211077.

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This book by Carson Schütze poses an important question. Are grammaticality judgments a reliable source of data for linguistic theories? Grammaticality judgments, reliable or not, have been the main, and most often the only, source of data in linguistic theory for many years. “‘Because many of the relevant structures are fairly complex and simply might not arise in the normal course of conversation, or during observation by an experimenter' (White, 1989, p. 58), UG [Universal Grammar] researchers have generally relied on some form of grammaticality judgment (GJ) task” (Katrien & Lantolf, 1992, p. 32). Katrien and Lantolf (1992) pointed out that with this task linguists try to draw on speakers' intuitions about their competence. Grammaticality judgments consist of questions about whether a sentence is grammatical according to native speakers. Most often, the native speaker is the linguist her- or himself as the only subject. Not only can bias exist when linguists are the source of data for her or his own theories, but also relying on the intuitions of only one speaker limits the credibility of the theory. When more than one speaker is queried, it has been shown that consistency is not always guaranteed: variation among and within speakers is a common feature in judgments (Mohan, 1977; Snow & Meijer, 1977). Idiosyncrasies of the subjects, presentation of the material, and experimenter's procedure are among the factors that contribute to this variation in judgments. An underlying problem in linguistic theorizing comes from the fact that linguists are normally not “trained in methods for getting reliable data” (p. 4). All this results in theories that are not adequately supported. Nonetheless, they are used as a springboard for new theories. Schütze provides linguists with answers to the following questions. What information about language can grammaticality judgments offer? What factors affect the form of these judgments? What can be done to make the best use of these judgments?

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Holmes, Jason, i David Robins. "Visceral and cognitive levels of credibility judgment in an authorless environment: A factor analysis of the influence of visual design". Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 44, nr 1 (24.10.2008): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450440268.

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Finch, David, David Deephouse i Paul Varella. "Examining an Individual’s Legitimacy Judgment Using the Value–Attitude System: The Role of Environmental and Economic Values and Source Credibility". Journal of Business Ethics 127, nr 2 (7.01.2014): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-2031-5.

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