Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / CRCs

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „CRCs”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "CRCs"

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Nguyen, G. D. "Fast CRCs". IEEE Transactions on Computers 58, nr 10 (październik 2009): 1321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tc.2009.83.

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Gao, Jingfang, Hong Zhang, Gunnar Arbman i Xiao-Feng Sun. "The Different Roles of hRAD50 in Microsatellite Stable and Unstable Colorectal Cancers". Disease Markers 24, nr 2 (2008): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/724796.

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RAD50 protein is essential for DNA double-strand break repair and maintaining genomic integrity. In this study, we investigated the clinicopathological significance of hRAD50 expression and mutation in microsatellite stable (MSS) and unstable (MSI) colorectal cancers (CRCs). hRAD50 expression was examined in primary CRC (n=268), the corresponding distant (n=69) and adjacent normal mucosa (n=138), and lymph node metastasis (n=44) by immunohistochemistry. hRAD50 mutation was analyzed in 87 primary CRCs by PCR-SSCP-DNA sequencing. hRAD50 expression was increased in MSS primary CRCs, but not MSI ones, compared with distant/adjacent normal mucosa (p<0.05). There was no difference in the hRAD50 expression between primary and metastatic CRCs. The increased hRAD50 expression in MSS primary CRCs was related (p<0.05) or tended to be related (p=0.05) to early tumor stage, better differentiation, high inflammatory infiltration, p53 overexpression. Frameshift mutations of (A)9at coding region ofhRAD50were only found in MSI CRCs. Our results suggest that hRAD50 may play different roles in the development of MSS and MSI CRCs: increased hRAD50 expression in MSS CRCs may be a cellular response against tumor from further progression, whilehRAD50mutation may be involved in the development of MSI CRCs.
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Meijer, G. A. "What makes CRCs metastasise?" Gut 59, nr 9 (21.07.2010): 1164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2010.212241.

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Das, Siddhartha, Leo Chen i Winson Y. Cheung. "Temporal trends in colorectal cancer screening (CRCS)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, nr 4_suppl (1.02.2013): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.4_suppl.356.

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356 Background: The rate of CRCS continues to be suboptimal. Our study objectives were to characterize temporal trends in CRCS in general and within specific subpopulations and identify clinical and system factors that pose barriers to CRCS. Methods: Data from respondents aged ≥50 years who were classified as average risk (no personal or family history of colorectal cancer) from the 2001 to 2009 California Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Up-to-date CRCS was defined as having had a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy within the past 10 years. Using multivariate regression analyses that adjusted for confounders, rates of CRCS over consecutive periods of 2 calendar years were determined. Stratified analyses that explored for effect modification based on gender, ethnicity, smoking history, educational attainment, income level, health insurance status, and urban vs. rural residence were conducted. Results: A total of 126,873 screening-eligible respondents was included: median age was 63 years (range 50-85); 50,303 (46%) were men, and 95,534 (63%) were white. In the entire cohort, only 73,589 (55%) reported up-to-date CRCS. Over time, there was a significant trend towards increased CRCS, ranging from 48% in 2001 to 61% in 2009 (p<0.01). After adjusting for confounding variables, this trend persisted with higher odds of up-to-date CRCS in more recent years (see Table). Specific characteristics were associated with decreased likelihood of CRCS: women (OR 0.63), low education (OR 0.72), poor income (OR 0.84), no insurance (OR 0.44), and rural residence (OR 0.93) (p<0.01 for all). Temporal increases in CRCS were most prominent in particular groups, such as women (OR 3.55 in 2009 vs. 2001) and the uninsured (OR 11.48 in 2009 vs. 2001) (p<0.01 for both). Conclusions: Although CRCS improved over time, there is still room for significant improvement. Temporal increases in CRCS were most substantial among women and the uninsured. Interventions used to improve CRCS in these groups should be harnessed and implemented within other minorities to enhance screening. [Table: see text]
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Shahidi, N. C., B. Homayoon i W. Y. Cheung. "Causes of suboptimal colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) in U.S. immigrants." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, nr 4_suppl (1.02.2011): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.380.

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380 Background: Research shows that CRCS in U.S. immigrants is low, but causes for this poor uptake are unclear. Our aims were to 1) compare CRCS among U.S. born citizens (USB), naturalized citizens (NAC) and non-citizens (NOC), 2) evaluate clinical factors associated with CRCS, and 3) explore health system barriers to CRCS for immigrants. Methods: Screening eligible patients were identified from the 2007 California Health Interview Survey. CRCS was defined as a fecal occult blood test within 1 year, a sigmoidoscopy within 5 years or a colonoscopy within 10 years. Using logistic regression, we determined the effect of immigrant status and other clinical factors on CRCS. We devised a 3-point composite scoring system based on survey responses to questions about health system barriers (where 0=worst and 3=best). Stratified analyses based on residence (urban vs rural), healthcare coverage (insured vs uninsured), English proficiency (good vs. poor), and composite score were conducted to assess their relationship with CRCS. Results: We identified 30,434 respondents: USB 83%, NAC 13%, NOC 4%; mean age 66, 65, 61 years; male 39%, 41%, 48%; white 85%, 38%, 29%, respectively. Only 67% of USB, 61% of NAC and 46% of NOC underwent CRCS (p<0.001). Old age, male, high income earners, non-smokers, being married and those who visited their physicians frequently were more likely to receive CRCS (all p<0.05). When compared to USB, NAC and NOC were associated with decreased odds of CRCS (OR 0.88, 95%CI 0.73-1.05 and OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.52-0.87, respectively; global p=0.009). Stratified analyses revealed that the association between immigrants and decreased CRCS was more evident for immigrants who lived in rural areas, lacked insurance, or those who were not proficient in English (Table). Immigrants with a composite score ≤2 also reported worse CRCS. Conclusions: CRCS remains suboptimal, especially in new U.S. immigrants. Inferior healthcare access and language barriers are potential drivers of this disparity. Addressing these system issues for immigrants may promote CRCS in this population. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Rigter, Lisanne S., Petur Snaebjornsson, Efraim H. Rosenberg, Peggy N. Atmodimedjo, Berthe M. Aleman, Jelle ten Hoeve, Willemina R. Geurts-Giele i in. "Double somatic mutations in mismatch repair genes are frequent in colorectal cancer after Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment". Gut 67, nr 3 (8.11.2016): 447–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312608.

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ObjectiveHodgkin's lymphoma survivors who were treated with infradiaphragmatic radiotherapy or procarbazine-containing chemotherapy have a fivefold increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to provide insight into the development of therapy-related CRC (t-CRC) by evaluating histopathological and molecular characteristics.Design54 t-CRCs diagnosed in a Hodgkin's lymphoma survivor cohort were analysed for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins by immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability (MSI) and KRAS/BRAF mutations. MSI t-CRCs were evaluated for promoter methylation and mutations in MMR genes. Pathogenicity of MMR gene mutations was evaluated by in silico predictions and functional analyses. Frequencies were compared with a general population cohort of CRC (n=1111).ResultsKRAS and BRAF mutations were present in 41% and 15% t-CRCs, respectively. Compared with CRCs in the general population, t-CRCs had a higher MSI frequency (24% vs 11%, p=0.003) and more frequent loss of MSH2/MSH6 staining (13% vs 1%, p<0.001). Loss of MLH1/PMS2 staining and MLH1 promoter methylation were equally common in t-CRCs and the general population. In MSI CRCs without MLH1 promoter methylation, double somatic MMR gene mutations (or loss of heterozygosity as second hit) were detected in 7/10 (70%) t-CRCs and 8/36 (22%) CRCs in the general population (p=0.008). These MMR gene mutations in t-CRCs were classified as pathogenic. MSI t-CRC cases could not be ascribed to Lynch syndrome.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated a higher frequency of MSI among t-CRCs, which results from somatic MMR gene mutations. This suggests a novel association of somatic MMR gene mutations with prior anticancer treatment.
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Akimoto, Naohiko, Takahiro Fujimori, Hiroyuki Mitomi, Kazuhito Ichikawa, Shigeki Tomita, Atsushi Tatsuguchi, Shunji Fujimori, Zenya Naito i Choitsu Sakamoto. "Micropapillary Pattern at the Invasive Front and Its Association with Unresectable Colorectal Carcinomas". Disease Markers 35 (2013): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/851623.

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Unresectable colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) as considered incurable even if the primary tumors and the metastatic ones can undergo resection are correlated with poor prognosis. We evaluated the association between micropapillary pattern at the invasive front and unresectable CRCs. Thirty-four out of 264 (12.9%) CRC patients with stages III and IV were unresectable cases. The patients with unresectable CRCs had significantly worse survival than those with resectable CRCs (). Micropapillary pattern was evident in 12 (4.5%) out of 264 cases. This pattern was observed in 6 of 34 (17.6%) unresectable CRCs and in 6 of 230 (2.6%) resectable cases (). Unresectable CRCs revealed more frequently deeper invasion (odds ratio (OR), 1.175; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.113–1.241), lymph node metastasis (OR, 2.356; 95% CI, 1.132–4.905), and presence of micropapillary pattern at the invasive front (OR, 8.000; 95% CI, 2.415–26.504) as compared to resectable cases. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, only micropapillary pattern was shown to be an independent predictor of unresectable CRCs (OR, 9.451; 95% CI, 2.468–36.196; ). In conclusion, micropapillary pattern at the invasive front is associated with unresectable CRCs, and detection of it could help identify unresectable CRC cases.
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Kim, Jung Ho, Mi-Kyoung Seo, Ji Ae Lee, Seung-Yeon Yoo, Hyeon Jeong Oh, Hyundeok Kang, Nam-Yun Cho, Jeong Mo Bae, Gyeong Hoon Kang i Sangwoo Kim. "Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of heterogeneous immune subgroups of microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancers". Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, nr 12 (grudzień 2021): e003414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-003414.

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BackgroundColorectal cancers (CRCs) with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) are hypermutated tumors and are generally regarded as immunogenic. However, their heterogeneous immune responses and underlying molecular characteristics remain largely unexplained.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 73 primary MSI-H CRC tissues to characterize heterogeneous immune subgroups. Based on combined tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) immunoscore and tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) activity, MSI-H CRCs were classified into immune-high, immune-intermediate, and immune-low subgroups. Of these, the immune-high and immune-low subgroups were further analyzed using whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing.ResultsWe found considerable variations in immune parameters between MSI-H CRCs, and immune subgrouping of MSI-H CRCs was performed accordingly. The TIL densities and TLS activities of immune-low MSI-H CRCs were comparable to those of an immune-low or immune-intermediate subgroup of microsatellite-stable CRCs. There were remarkable differences between immune-high and immune-low MSI-H CRCs, including their pathological features (medullary vs mucinous), genomic alterations (tyrosine kinase fusions vs KRAS mutations), and activated signaling pathways (immune-related vs Wnt and Notch signaling), whereas no significant differences were found in tumor mutational burden (TMB) and neoantigen load. The immune-low MSI-H CRCs were subdivided by the consensus molecular subtype (CMS1 vs CMS3) with different gene expression signatures (mesenchymal/stem-like vs epithelial/goblet-like), suggesting distinct immune evasion mechanisms. Angiogenesis and CD200 were identified as potential therapeutic targets in immune-low CMS1 and CMS3 MSI-H CRCs, respectively.ConclusionsMSI-H CRCs are immunologically heterogeneous, regardless of TMB. The unusual immune-low MSI-H CRCs are characterized by mucinous histology, KRAS mutations, and Wnt/Notch activation, and can be further divided into distinct gene expression subtypes, including CMS4-like CMS1 and CMS3. Our data provide novel insights into precise immunotherapeutic strategies for subtypes of MSI-H tumors.
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Homayoon, B., N. C. Shahidi i W. Y. Cheung. "The impact of Asian race on colorectal cancer screening (CRCS)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, nr 4_suppl (1.02.2011): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.381.

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381 Background: While research shows that African Americans and Hispanics frequently receive less CRCS than Whites, few studies have focused on CRCS among Asians. The aims of the current analysis were to 1) compare CRCS between Asians and Whites in a large U.S. population, 2) evaluate for other clinical predictors of CRCS, and 3) examine the impact of health insurance coverage, place of birth and English proficiency on potential racial disparities. Methods: From the 2007 California Health Interview Survey, we identified all Asian (N=2,108) and White (N=23,237) average-risk respondents aged ≥50 years who were eligible for CRCS. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate for differences in CRCS between Asians and Whites. We used stratified and interaction analyses to examine whether associations between race and CRCS were modified by insurance status (insured vs uninsured), birthplace (U.S. vs non-U.S.) or language skills (good vs poor English), while controlling for other confounders. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar between Asians and Whites: mean age was 64 years in both groups; 45% and 47% were male; and 47% and 50% were employed, respectively. Only 58% of Asians and 66% of Whites reported undergoing up-to-date CRCS (p<0.001). In multivariate analyses, female gender and those living in rural areas were less likely to receive CRCS (OR 0.84, 95%CI 0.76-0.93, p=0.001 and OR 0.88, 95%CI 0.81-0.98, p=0.015, respectively).When compared to Whites, Asians also had decreased odds of CRCS (OR 0.82, 95%CI 0.71-0.95, p=0.008), even after adjusting for confounders such as education and income. Stratified analyses revealed that this disparity existed mainly in the insured (OR 0.83, 95%CI 0.72-0.96, p=0.014), but not in the uninsured (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.43-2.06, p=0.873). The relationship between race and CRCS was not modified by place of birth or English proficiency. Conclusions: Despite its ability to reduce mortality, CRCS is suboptimal in our U.S. population-based cohort of Asians when compared to Whites. The racial disparity was more evident within the insured subset, suggesting that factors unrelated to healthcare access, such as patient preference, physician discretion or patient-physician rapport, may be more important drivers of CRCS among Asians. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Urabe, Y., S. Tanaka, Y. Saito, M. Igarashi, T. Watanabe i K. Sugihara. "Impact of revisions of the JSCCR guidelines on the treatment of T1 colorectal carcinomas in Japan". Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 53, nr 04 (kwiecień 2015): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1385764.

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Abstract Purpose: In 1977, the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) published the first edition of the general guidelines that described how to record clinical and histopathological findings of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) and how to treat these cancers, and since then, the guidelines were revised several times. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the revisions of the JSCCR guidelines on the treatment of submucosal CRCs (T1-CRCs) in Japanese clinical settings. Methods: Questionnaires were sent to all 391 member institutions of the JSCCR. The questionnaires consisted of 2 parts: details of the institutions and treatment strategies for T1-CRCs. Results: 73 (19 %) institutions responded to the survey. The number of treated T1-CRCs has increased year by year, and the rate of endoscopic resection for T1-CRCs has significantly increased with revisions of the guidelines (1417 [47 %] of 2985 T1-CRCs in 2003 – 2005, 2110 [50 %] of 4212 in 2006 – 2008, and 2546 [54 %] of 4686 in 2009 – 2011, P<.05). Conclusion: The revisions of the JSCCR guidelines have influenced the treatment of T1-CRCs in Japanese clinical settings. There is room to revise the criteria for curative endoscopic resection to avoid unnecessary surgeries.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "CRCs"

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Ilyas, Mohammad. "The genetic basis of colorectal cancer". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301849.

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Beesley, Lisa, i n/a. "Relationships among Knowledge Creation, Diffusion and Utilisation in the CRC Process". Griffith University. School of Marketing and Management, 2003. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040901.125713.

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Tourism has come to be recognised as a major contributor to national economies. In a knowledge-based economy (that emphasises the benefits of industry/government and academic research), a strong research base must underpin management of a tourist destination if it is to realise its full potential. The establishment of collaborative networks between industry, academia, and government in the strategic planning and management of cities and towns is becoming increasingly popular. However, the way in which the processes underlying these settings facilitate or inhibit eventual outcomes is poorly understood. If knowledge is to drive innovation and economic growth optimally, it is important not just to develop an understanding of the processes underlying the creation, diffusion and utilisation of knowledge in cooperative research settings, but also the relationships among them. Accordingly, the aim of this investigation is to examine the relationships among knowledge creation, diffusion and utilisation occurring in the Cooperative Research Centres (CRC) Program, specifically, the Gold Coast Visioning Project, with a view to identifying the most efficient means for formulating and disseminating research designed for industry and/or government application. Knowledge is defined as information that is imbued with meaning or relevance. However, this definition says little of the ways that individuals, groups and organisations acquire knowledge. While cognitive psychologists have produced several theories suggesting the structure and mechanisms of individual cognitive processes underlying the acquisition and use of knowledge, social scientists have sought to describe and explain the process by investigating the influence of social factors. Recent contributions to group learning have examined group composition, group size, familiarity among group members, and communication processes in an attempt to understand the ways in which groups acquire knowledge. Research shows that knowledge utilisation in organisations results from the interdependent influences of organisational processes and the control opportunities and control problems that arise through organisational structure. These frameworks provide accounts of how knowledge is utilised within an organisation, but not of how organisations learn. Recent research suggests that organisations learn through knowledge networks where organisational focus moves from the consideration and protection of boundaries to the management of (and care for) relationships. Therefore, organisations contain static (rules, norms and procedures) and dynamic (social relationships) elements that mutually influence the degree to which organisations learn. A synthesis of the available literature resulted in the development of a series of models that served not only to inform, but also be informed by the analysis of this investigation. A single case study, namely the Gold Coast Visioning Project, was used to examine the ways in which knowledge was created, disseminated and utilised in a CRC setting. This ethnographic investigation considered the process of knowledge creation through to utilisation at individual, group, organisational, and inter-organisational levels, while simultaneously examining the interrelated influences of social, cognitive, affective and communication factors. Throughout the project, data were collected through stakeholder interviews, various documents and participant observation of stakeholder meetings and workshops. Data were analysed using a grounded theory approach and methods of thick description. The results show that researchers and industry stakeholders bring different frames of reference, different expectations, and different knowledge bases to the exercise. This inhibited communication, and gave the appearance of dissension when, in fact, what was being sought was a common frame for understanding and communication. Additionally, the gap between industry and researcher worldviews generated the sense that industry was resisting or failing to understand what the research was seeking to achieve. Consequently, in order to manage the relationship, research plans and findings were communicated to industry in a teacher-to-student fashion, which fostered single-loop learning, and reduced industry stakeholders' sense of ownership in the process and findings. During the project, industry stakeholders frequently sought to have research come pre-packaged with "meaning", but researchers lacked the contextual knowledge necessary to specify the relevance of their research. The results also show that research findings need to be integrated and diffused to industry over time, and specific applications need to be formulated (and reformulated) in response to particular and changing needs of industry. As a result of this investigation, a model of 'best practice' has been developed with detailed recommendations for the design, implementation, and reporting of CRC-sponsored research to optimise its utility for end-users of such research. From a theoretical perspective, the findings of this study challenge the ways that current theories account for the ways in which knowledge is acquired and utilised since the results show that knowledge is constructed both socially and emotionally. Any investigation that seeks to understand how knowledge is acquired and utilised must consider social and affective influences. To ignore the role of emotion and values in the process of knowledge acquisition is to ignore a key component of an individual's reasoning capacity.
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Beesley, Lisa. "Relationships among Knowledge Creation, Diffusion and Utilisation in the CRC Process". Thesis, Griffith University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367377.

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Tourism has come to be recognised as a major contributor to national economies. In a knowledge-based economy (that emphasises the benefits of industry/government and academic research), a strong research base must underpin management of a tourist destination if it is to realise its full potential. The establishment of collaborative networks between industry, academia, and government in the strategic planning and management of cities and towns is becoming increasingly popular. However, the way in which the processes underlying these settings facilitate or inhibit eventual outcomes is poorly understood. If knowledge is to drive innovation and economic growth optimally, it is important not just to develop an understanding of the processes underlying the creation, diffusion and utilisation of knowledge in cooperative research settings, but also the relationships among them. Accordingly, the aim of this investigation is to examine the relationships among knowledge creation, diffusion and utilisation occurring in the Cooperative Research Centres (CRC) Program, specifically, the Gold Coast Visioning Project, with a view to identifying the most efficient means for formulating and disseminating research designed for industry and/or government application. Knowledge is defined as information that is imbued with meaning or relevance. However, this definition says little of the ways that individuals, groups and organisations acquire knowledge. While cognitive psychologists have produced several theories suggesting the structure and mechanisms of individual cognitive processes underlying the acquisition and use of knowledge, social scientists have sought to describe and explain the process by investigating the influence of social factors. Recent contributions to group learning have examined group composition, group size, familiarity among group members, and communication processes in an attempt to understand the ways in which groups acquire knowledge. Research shows that knowledge utilisation in organisations results from the interdependent influences of organisational processes and the control opportunities and control problems that arise through organisational structure. These frameworks provide accounts of how knowledge is utilised within an organisation, but not of how organisations learn. Recent research suggests that organisations learn through knowledge networks where organisational focus moves from the consideration and protection of boundaries to the management of (and care for) relationships. Therefore, organisations contain static (rules, norms and procedures) and dynamic (social relationships) elements that mutually influence the degree to which organisations learn. A synthesis of the available literature resulted in the development of a series of models that served not only to inform, but also be informed by the analysis of this investigation. A single case study, namely the Gold Coast Visioning Project, was used to examine the ways in which knowledge was created, disseminated and utilised in a CRC setting. This ethnographic investigation considered the process of knowledge creation through to utilisation at individual, group, organisational, and inter-organisational levels, while simultaneously examining the interrelated influences of social, cognitive, affective and communication factors. Throughout the project, data were collected through stakeholder interviews, various documents and participant observation of stakeholder meetings and workshops. Data were analysed using a grounded theory approach and methods of thick description. The results show that researchers and industry stakeholders bring different frames of reference, different expectations, and different knowledge bases to the exercise. This inhibited communication, and gave the appearance of dissension when, in fact, what was being sought was a common frame for understanding and communication. Additionally, the gap between industry and researcher worldviews generated the sense that industry was resisting or failing to understand what the research was seeking to achieve. Consequently, in order to manage the relationship, research plans and findings were communicated to industry in a teacher-to-student fashion, which fostered single-loop learning, and reduced industry stakeholders' sense of ownership in the process and findings. During the project, industry stakeholders frequently sought to have research come pre-packaged with "meaning", but researchers lacked the contextual knowledge necessary to specify the relevance of their research. The results also show that research findings need to be integrated and diffused to industry over time, and specific applications need to be formulated (and reformulated) in response to particular and changing needs of industry. As a result of this investigation, a model of 'best practice' has been developed with detailed recommendations for the design, implementation, and reporting of CRC-sponsored research to optimise its utility for end-users of such research. From a theoretical perspective, the findings of this study challenge the ways that current theories account for the ways in which knowledge is acquired and utilised since the results show that knowledge is constructed both socially and emotionally. Any investigation that seeks to understand how knowledge is acquired and utilised must consider social and affective influences. To ignore the role of emotion and values in the process of knowledge acquisition is to ignore a key component of an individual's reasoning capacity.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Marketing and Management
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Noseir, Soha [Verfasser], Stephan [Gutachter] Hahn, Nils [Gutachter] Metzler-Nolte i Jens [Gutachter] Siveke. "Optimization of individualized therapy for colorectal cancers (CRCs) with secondary resistance towards targeted anti-EGFR treatment / Soha Noseir ; Gutachter: Stephan Hahn, Nils Metzler-Nolte, Jens Siveke ; Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie". Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1230631356/34.

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Madhushani, W. K. Anjana. "Multiple regulatory inputs for hierarchical control of phenol catabolism by Pseudomonas putida". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för molekylärbiologi (Teknisk-naturvetenskaplig fakultet), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-106878.

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Metabolically versatile bacteria have evolved diverse strategies to adapt to different environmental niches and respond to fluctuating physico-chemical parameters. In order to survive in soil and water habitats, they employ specific and global regulatory circuits to integrate external and internal signals to counteract stress and optimise their energy status. One strategic endurance mechanism is the ability to choose the most energetically favourable carbon source amongst a number on offer. Pseudomonas putida strains possess large genomes that underlie much of their ability to use diverse carbon sources as growth substrates. Their metabolic potential is frequently expanded by possession of catabolic plasmids to include the ability to grow at the expense of seemingly obnoxious carbon sources such as phenols. However, this ability comes with a metabolic price tag. Carbon source repression is one of the main regulatory networks employed to subvert use of these expensive pathways in favour of alternative sources that provide a higher metabolic gain. This thesis identifies some of the key regulatory elements and factors used by P. putida to supress expression of plasmid-encoded enzymes for degradation of phenols until they are beneficial. I first present evidence for a newly identified DNA and RNA motif within the regulatory region of the gene encoding the master regulator of phenol catabolism – DmpR. The former of these motifs functions to decrease the number of transcripts originating from the dmpR promoter, while the latter mediates a regulatory checkpoint for translational repression by Crc – the carbon repression control protein of P. putida. The ability of Crc to form repressive riboprotein complexes with RNA is shown to be dependent on the RNA chaperone protein Hfq – a co-partnership demonstrated to be required for many previously identified Crc-targets implicated in hierarchical assimilation of different carbon sources in P. putida. Finally, I present evidence for a model in which Crc and Hfq co-target multiple RNA motifs to bring about a two-tiered regulation to subvert catabolism of phenols in the face of preferred substrates – one at the level of the regulator DmpR and another at the level of translation of the catabolic enzymes.
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6

Franklin, Joseph. "La perception de l'autonomie gouvernementale par les cris du Québec". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2001.

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Mezry, Abdeljabbar. "Loi de glissement de caoutchoucs crus". Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0090.

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Le glissement a la paroi des filieres, des melanges de caoutchoucs crus a base d'elastomere epdm a ete mis en evidence par trois techniques. La premiere est une methode de mesure absolue de vitesse locale du polymere a la paroi. Les deux autres reposent sur l'exploitation experimentale de la formule bien connue du debit en presence du glissement (la methode de mooney et celle basee sur la connaissance des proprietes en volume). Les trois methodes indiquent, a faibles contraintes, un glissement en bloc, et une apparition d'un debit lie au cisaillement a partir d'une contrainte critique. La presence des agents de mise en uvre contribue a augmenter le glissement a la paroi et a diminuer les defauts de surface. Le mode d'action de ces ingredients est une lubrification externe. En effet, on a pu mettre en evidence par differentes analyses physico-chimiques, une migration des agents de mise en uvre vers l'interface melange/paroi de la filiere
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Chapuis, Adrien. "Étude des mécanismes contrôlant la déformation du magnésium à chaud". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00611616.

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Le magnésium et ses alliages sont de plus en plus utilisés dans les transports pour leur faible densité (1,7), et on cherche à les utiliser sous la forme corroyée. De structure hexagonale compact, le magnésium est très anisotrope et faiblement ductile à froid. La déformation est contrôlée par l'activation de systèmes de glissement et de maclage, seuls le glissement basal et le maclage de traction sont actifs à froid, alors qu'à chaud sont activés les glissements prismatique et pyramidal , et le maclage de compression. Nous avons élaboré des monocristaux de magnésium pur de différentes orientations pour mesurer les contraintes de cission résolues critique (CRSS) des différents systèmes par des essais de compression plane à des températures allant de l'ambiante à 450°C. En parallèle nous avons développé un code de plasticité cristalline pour modéliser la déformation de cristaux contraints, ce programme est basée sur la loi de Schmid et le principe du travail maximum, ce qui permet de prédire les systèmes de déformation activés et la contrainte nécessaire, en fonction des CRSS. Nous avons aussi testé le modèle pour prédire le comportement de l'alliage polycristallin AZ31.
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Koohy, Hashem. "Computational prediction of functional similarity of CRMs". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/35518/.

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Transcriptional regulation of genes is fundamental to all living organisms. The spatial, temporal and condition-specific expression levels of genes are in part determined by inherited regulatory codes in non-coding regions of the DNA. A large set of methods have been proposed to detect conserved regions of regulatory DNA by means of sequence alignments. However, it has become clear that some regulatory regions do not show statistically significant alignments even in the presence of functional conservation. Therefore, detecting and characterising elusive regulatory codes remains a challenging problem. In this thesis we develop and validate a novel computational alignment free model for detection of functional similarity of regulatory sequences. We show that our model can detect functional links between pairs of sequences that do not align with a significant score. We apply the model to a) detect enhancers within the same genome that are likely to have similar functions and b) to detect functionally conserved enhancer regions in orthologous genomes. Our method finds regulatory codes that are common to groups of similar enhancers and consistent with previous biological knowledge. The inputs for our model are two sequences that we wish to compare in terms of their functional similarity as well as a set of transcription factor motifs. The mathematical framework of our model is built on two main components: In the first model component, each sequence is mapped to a vector of estimated occupancy levels for all motifs. These vectors are representing which motifs at what multiplicity and specificity are present in each sequence. In the second model component, a statistical approach is established where we first estimate a probability distribution of motif occupancy levels for sequences that function similar to the template sequence. We then compute a statistical similarity score to evaluate if the sequences are more similar to each other than to random background sequences. Two applications of this model are presented: First it is applied to a set of experimentally validated non-alignable enhancers from D. melanogaster. We show that: • Our model can detect statistical links between these enhancers, • Weak binding sites can make a strong contribution to sequence similarity, • Our model treats statistically significant presence and absence of motifs symmetrically. Similarity of sequences, therefore, can be based on a combination of the two. We show examples of motifs making contributions to sequence similarity through their absence. • Using our model, we can create a network of similarities among the fly enhancers. Groups of enhancers in this network show common regulatory codes. One of these regulatory codes is strongly supported by existing experimental data. In the second application of our model we predict functional subregions of a known D. melanogaster enhancer. To achieve this, we first show that the model can detect the orthology of this enhancer between 10 Drosophila species. We then demonstrate how this statistical link can be used to predict functional subregions within this enhancer.
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Wesseldijk, Feikje. ""Inflammatory Soup" mediators of inflammation in CRPS". [S.l.] : Rotterdam : [The Author] ; Erasmus University [Host], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1765/13553.

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Książki na temat "CRCs"

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Cubas, Cristina Fernández. Cris y cros: Seguida de, El vendedor de sombras. Madrid: Alfaguara, 1988.

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Jaime, María Felicitas. Cris & cris. Madrid: Horas y HORAS, 1992.

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Xun, Lu. Cris. Paris: Éditions Rue d'Ulm, 2010.

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Xun, Lu. Cris. Paris: Éditions Rue d'Ulm, 2010.

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Crocs! New York: Little, Brown Books for Young Readers, 2009.

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ill, Munsinger Lynn, red. Crocs! New York: Little, Brown, 2008.

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Objets: Cris. Outremont, Québec: VLB Editeur, 1989.

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S, J. Llop. García Cros. Barcelona: Gal Art, 1996.

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Gaudé, Laurent. Cris: Roman. Arles: Actes sud, 2001.

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Lewis, Siân. Cris croes. Aberystwyth: Y Ganolfan Astudiaethau Addysg, 2001.

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Części książek na temat "CRCs"

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Crus". W Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 134. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_2541.

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Gupta, Rajesh. "CRPS". W Pain Management, 75–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55061-4_32.

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Shaw, S. K., Amit Trivedi, V. Naga Kumar, Abhishek Agnihotri, B. N. Mohapatra, Ezhilselvi Varathan, Pallavi Kushwaha, S. P. Singh i Nahar Singh. "CRMs". W Handbook of Metrology and Applications, 1–16. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1550-5_130-1.

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Wild, Gerhard. "Cros, Charles". W Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_3281-1.

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Kaneko, T., i T. Kanomata. "5.3.2 CrAs". W Magnetic Properties of d-Elements, Alloys and Compounds Under Pressure, 325–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41834-1_180.

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Denoix, Jean-Marie. "The Crus". W Essentials in Clinical Anatomy of the Equine Locomotor System, 221–28. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | This book continues The equine distal limb : an atlas of clinical anatomy and comparative imaging.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429424588-16.

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Eisenmann, B., i H. Schäfer. "CoPS - CrCuS". W Sulfides, Selenides, Tellurides (Part 1), 256–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10201690_22.

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Eisenmann, B., i H. Schäfer. "CrCuS - CrInS". W Sulfides, Selenides, Tellurides (Part 1), 270–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10201690_23.

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Peters, Nils, Martin Dichgans, Sankar Surendran, Josep M. Argilés, Francisco J. López-Soriano, Sílvia Busquets, Klaus Dittmann i in. "CRC". W Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 460. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_7836.

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du Cros, Hilary. "du Cros, Hilary". W Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, 3366–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_414.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "CRCs"

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Nam, Jung-Han, Chae-Ho Nam, Jong-Moo Lee, Hae-Won Jung, Sim-Kyun Yook i Chang-Ho Cho. "New Design of a Digital CRCS by Introducing LOM". W 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89444.

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A Control Rod Control System (CRCS) is one of the most important pieces of equipment in a nuclear power plant because it controls the nuclear reaction by moving the Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM) in the reactor with speed and direction signals from the Reactor Regulating System (RRS). This paper introduces a CRCS with full-duplex configuration and a Local Operator Module (LOM) computer to enhance reliability in comparison to existing simplex systems. The duplex configuration, LOM program, and maintenance test program of the CRCS are explained in detail. This duplex system can perform a failsafe changeover in only a few milliseconds, which results in ‘bumpless’ CRDM coil current control. In particular, because all the control cards are hot-swappable and power converter modules are drawer type, the operator can replace a malfunctioning module without a system shutdown. For ease of operation, the CRCS has its own panel computer called Local Operator Module (LOM) which has a monitoring program installed. The LOM shows all the CRCS operating information such as urgent/non-urgent alarm status, controller operation status, CRDM coil voltage/current, data logs and detailed event alarms. In the CRCS power cabinet, there is an extra panel for easy and simple module maintenance. If the operator suspects that any module of a power cabinet such as a power control card or a power converter module is abnormal, he has only to place the module in the maintenance panel and run the test program to ascertain the module’s sanity. The operator also can utilize the maintenance panel for spare module testing before the spare module is installed in the system and thus avoid installing a defective module.
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Cárdenas, Álvaro A. "From CRCs to resilient control systems". W HiCoNS '14: 3rd International Conference on High Confidence Networked Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2566468.2566469.

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Yin, Meng-lai, i Bruce Orenstein. "Assessment on Undetectable Burst Errors in Tandem CRCs". W 2006 12th Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing (PRDC'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/prdc.2006.20.

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Partridge, Craig, Jim Hughes i Jonathan Stone. "Performance of checksums and CRCs over real data". W the conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/217382.217413.

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Jing, Hongjun Feng, i Lei Erbao Li. "A practical CRCs-ADSCL decoding scheme for systematic polar codes". W 2016 8th International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752530.

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Sharma, Vaibhav, Navid Emamdoost, Seonmo Kim i Stephen McCamant. "It Doesn’t Have to Be So Hard: Efficient Symbolic Reasoning for CRCs". W Workshop on Binary Analysis Research. Reston, VA: Internet Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14722/bar.2020.23011.

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Yang, Hengjie, Linfang Wang, Vincent Lau i Richard D. Wesel. "An Efficient Algorithm for Designing Optimal CRCs for Tail-Biting Convolutional Codes". W 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isit44484.2020.9174422.

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Weiyi He i Yilin Yin. "CRCS/CCS: An integrated probabilistic construction cost control approach for highway project". W 2010 International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2010.5536458.

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Breekveldt, ECH, I. Lansdorp-Vogelaar, E. Toes-Zoutendijk, MCW Spaander, AJ van Vuuren, FJ van Kemenade, C. Ramakers i in. "Impact of the Implementation of the Dutch National fit-based CRC Screening Program on Incidence and Characteristics of Screen-Detected CRCS". W ESGE Days 2021. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1724295.

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Liang, Ethan, Hengjie Yang, Dariush Divsalar i Richard D. Wesel. "List-Decoded Tail-Biting Convolutional Codes with Distance-Spectrum Optimal CRCS for 5G". W GLOBECOM 2019 - 2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/globecom38437.2019.9013767.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "CRCs"

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Phillips, Jake. Understanding the impact of inspection on probation. Sheffield Hallam University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/shu.hkcij.05.2021.

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This research sought to understand the impact of probation inspection on probation policy, practice and practitioners. This important but neglected area of study has significant ramifications because the Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation has considerable power to influence policy through its inspection regime and research activities. The study utilised a mixed methodological approach comprising observations of inspections and interviews with people who work in probation, the Inspectorate and external stakeholders. In total, 77 people were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Probation practitioners, managers and leaders were interviewed in the weeks after an inspection to find out how they experienced the process of inspection. Staff at HMI Probation were interviewed to understand what inspection is for and how it works. External stakeholders representing people from the voluntary sector, politics and other non-departmental bodies were interviewed to find out how they used the work of inspection in their own roles. Finally, leaders within the National Probation Service and Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service were interviewed to see how inspection impacts on policy more broadly. The data were analysed thematically with five key themes being identified. Overall, participants were positive about the way inspection is carried out in the field of probation. The main findings are: 1. Inspection places a burden on practitioners and organisations. Practitioners talked about the anxiety that a looming inspection created and how management teams created additional pressures which were hard to cope with on top of already high workloads. Staff responsible for managing the inspection and with leadership positions talked about the amount of time the process of inspection took up. Importantly, inspection was seen to take people away from their day jobs and meant other priorities were side-lined, even if temporarily. However, the case interviews that practitioners take part in were seen as incredibly valuable exercises which gave staff the opportunity to reflect on their practice and receive positive feedback and validation for their work. 2. Providers said that the findings and conclusions from inspections were often accurate and, to some extent, unsurprising. However, they sometimes find it difficult to implement recommendations due to reports failing to take context into account. Negative reports have a serious impact on staff morale, especially for CRCs and there was concern about the impact of negative findings on a provider’s reputation. 3. External stakeholders value the work of the Inspectorate. The Inspectorate is seen to generate highly valid and meaningful data which stakeholders can use in their own roles. This can include pushing for policy reform or holding government to account from different perspectives. In particular, thematic inspections were seen to be useful here. 4. The regulatory landscape in probation is complex with an array of actors working to hold providers to account. When compared to other forms of regulation such as audit or contract management the Inspectorate was perceived positively due to its methodological approach as well as the way it reflects the values of probation itself. 5. Overall, the inspectorate appears to garner considerable legitimacy from those it inspects. This should, in theory, support the way it can impact on policy and practice. There are some areas for development here though such as more engagement with service users. While recognising that the Inspectorate has made a concerted effort to do this in the last two years participants all felt that more needs to be done to increase that trust between the inspectorate and service users. Overall, the Inspectorate was seen to be independent and 3 impartial although this belief was less prevalent amongst people in CRCs who argued that the Inspectorate has been biased towards supporting its own arguments around reversing the now failed policy of Transforming Rehabilitation. There was some debate amongst participants about how the Inspectorate could, or should, enforce compliance with its recommendations although most people were happy with the primarily relational way of encouraging compliance with sanctions for non-compliance being considered relatively unnecessary. To conclude, the work of the Inspectorate has a significant impact on probation policy, practice and practitioners. The majority of participants were positive about the process of inspection and the Inspectorate more broadly, notwithstanding some of the issues raised in the findings. There are some developments which the Inspectorate could consider to reduce the burden inspection places on providers and practitioners and enhance its impact such as amending the frequency of inspection, improving the feedback given to practitioners and providing more localised feedback, and working to reduce or limit perceptions of bias amongst people in CRCs. The Inspectorate could also do more to capture the impact it has on providers and practitioners – both positive and negative - through existing procedures that are in place such as post-case interview surveys and tracking the implementation of recommendations.
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Williams, Richard M., Jason S. Thompson, Timothy L. Stewart i Brianna J. Tweedy. FY04 SWIR CRDS Summary Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), październik 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15020770.

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Williams, Richard M., Jason S. Thompson, Elizabeth C. Golovich, Timothy L. Stewart i Brianna J. Tweedy. FY05 SWIR-CRDS Summary Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/877072.

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McGranaghan, Matthew. Symbolizing Quantitative Differences on Color CRTs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, kwiecień 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada198718.

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Roesler, Jeffery, Sachindra Dahal, Dan Zollinger i W. Jason Weiss. Summary Findings of Re-engineered Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement: Volume 1. Illinois Center for Transportation, maj 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-011.

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This research project conducted laboratory testing on the design and impact of internal curing on concrete paving mixtures with supplementary cementitious materials and evaluated field test sections for the performance of crack properties and CRCP structure under environmental and FWD loading. Three experimental CRCP sections on Illinois Route 390 near Itasca, IL and two continuously reinforced concrete beams at UIUC ATREL test facilities were constructed and monitored. Erodibility testing was performed on foundation materials to determine the likelihood of certain combinations of materials as suitable base/subbase layers. A new post-tensioning system for CRCP was also evaluated for increased performance and cost-effectiveness. This report volume summarizes the three year research effort evaluating design, material, and construction features that have the potential for reducing the initial cost of CRCP without compromising its long-term performance.
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Grossman, Michele, i Mark Duckworth. Response to Stage 2, Review of The Terrorism (Community Protection) Act 2003, Victoria. Centre for Resilient and Inclusive Societies, lipiec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56311/dctb3988.

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This CRIS submission to the Department of Justice and Community Safety is referenced at many points in the Review of the Terrorism (Community Protection) Act. You can access the CRIS Submission here and read more about the review, including other submissions, on the Engage Victoria website. Mark Duckworth, Professor Michele Grossman
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COORDINATING RESEARCH COUNCIL INC ATLANTA GA. 1987 CRC Octane Number Requirement Survey. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, sierpień 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201482.

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CRC Aviation Fuels Handbook - 4th Edition. Chair Tedd Biddle. Coordinating Research Council, Inc., maj 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21813/crcreportno663.

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COORDINATING RESEARCH COUNCIL INC ATLANTA GA. CRC Octane Number Requirement Survey 1990. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, lipiec 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada241366.

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Stromer, Bobbi, Anthony Bednar, Milo Janjic, Scott Becker, Tamara Kylloe, John Allen, Matt Trapani, John Hargrove i James Hargrove. Trace explosives detection by cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41520.

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We built three successive versions of a thermal decomposition cavity ring-down spectrometer and tested their response to explosives. These explosive compound analyzers successfully detected nitroglycerine, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), pentaerythryl tetranitrate, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-s-triazine and triacetone triperoxide (TATP). We determined the pathlength and limits of detection for each, with the best limit of detection being 13 parts per trillion (ppt) of TNT. For most of the explosive tests, the peak height was higher than the expected value, meaning that peroxy radical chain propagation was occurring with each of the explosives and not just the peroxide TATP.
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