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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Craniometry”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 29 lipca 2024

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1

Mata, Paola S., Matheus S. L. Ribeiro, Michel B. Faria i Fabiano C. Lima. "Craniometric geographical variation in Hylaeamys megacephalus populations". Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 40, nr 9 (wrzesień 2020): 726–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6687.

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ABSTRACT: Hylaeamys megacephalus (G. Fisher, 1814) presents great genetic diversity and wide geographical distribution, and occurs in both the Amazon and Cerrado biomes. Because of its generalist aspect, this species tolerates different eating habits and habitats. It occurs in flooded and dry areas and is predominantly terrestrial, which allows greater gene flow between populations even over long distances. Studies that seek a better understanding of morphological variations resulting from differences imposed by the environment throughout this species’ distribution are still lacking. This study aimed to analyze the differences between H. megacephalus populations based on craniometry, investigating whether the environment has an influence on morphology. We analyzed a total of 142 specimens from three scientific mammal collections: National Museum, “Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro” (MN-UFRJ); “Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Reservatórios Silvestres”, “Instituto Oswaldo Cruz”, “Fundação Oswaldo Cruz”(LBCE-Fiocruz); and “Laboratório de Biodiversidade”, “Universidade Federal de Goiás”, “Regional Jataí” (LZE-UFG), and took 20 craniometric measurements. Craniometry was explored using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), canonical variate analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). The results led us to conclude that there are three craniometric groups of H. megacephalus with a tendency to differentiate as a result of geographical influences.

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Perepelkin, Andrey I., Angelika V. Tumanova i Anastasia A. Perepelkina. "Virtual craniometry using the skull anatomy program". Journal of Volgograd State Medical University 20, nr 4 (27.01.2024): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/1994-9480-2023-20-4-162-167.

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Craniometric studies were carried out on mature male skulls of the 2nd period using the original Skull anatomy program. Depending on the transverse-longitudinal index, all skulls were distributed into 3 forms: brachycrania, mesocrania and dolichocrania. With a transverse-longitudinal index of 74.9 or less, dolichocrania was determined, from 75.0 to 79.9 – mesocrania, with a cranial index of 80.0 or more – brachycrania. When measuring the transverse diameter of the skull, the lowest value of the dolichocranic skull shape was obtained, while in the brachiocranic and mesocranic skull shapes these values were higher by 5.9 % and 2.9 %, respectively (p 0.05). Statistically significant differences in longitudinal diameter were noted between the three skull shapes. The obtained craniometry results of the cerebral part of the skull show that the main parameters by which the shapes of the skulls differ in males of mature age of the second period are the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the skull and the length of its base.

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Batista, Ulysses C., Andrei F. Joaquim, Yvens B. Fernandes, Roger N. Mathias, Enrico Ghizoni i Helder Tedeschi. "Computed tomography evaluation of the normal craniocervical junction craniometry in 100 asymptomatic patients". Neurosurgical Focus 38, nr 4 (kwiecień 2015): E5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.1.focus14642.

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OBJECT Most of the craniometric relationships of the normal craniocervical junction (CCJ), especially those related to angular craniometry, are still poorly studied and based on measurements taken from simple plain radiographs. In this study, the authors performed a craniometric evaluation of the CCJ in a population without known CCJ anomalies. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the normal CCJ craniometry based on measurements obtained from CT scans. METHOD The authors analyzed 100 consecutive CCJ CT scans obtained in adult patients who were admitted at their tertiary hospital for treatment of non-CCJ conditions between 2010 and 2012. A total of 17 craniometrical measurements were performed, including the relation of the odontoid with the cranial base, the atlantodental interval (ADI), the clivus length, the clivus-canal angle (CCA)—the angle formed by the clivus and the upper cervical spine, and the basal angle. RESULTS The mean age of the 100 patients was 50.6 years, and the group included 52 men (52%) and 48 women (48%). In 5 patients (5%), the tip of the odontoid process was more than 2 mm above the Chamberlain line, and in one of these 5 patients (1% of the study group). it was more than 5 mm above it. One patient had a Grabb-Oakes measurement above 9 mm (suggesting ventral cervicomedullary encroachment). The mean ADI value was 1.1 mm. The thickness of the external occipital protuberance ranged from 7.42 to 22.36 mm. The mean clivus length was 44.74 mm, the mean CCA was 153.68° (range 132.32°–173.95°), and the mean basal angle was 113.73° (ranging from 97.06°–133.26°). CONCLUSIONS The data obtained in this study can be useful for evaluating anomalies of the CCJ in comparison with normal parameters, potentially improving the diagnostic criteria of these anomalies. When evaluating CCJ malformations, one should take into account the normal ranges based on CT scans, with more precise bone landmarks, instead of those obtained from simple plain radiographs.

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4

Serletis, Demitre, i T. Glenn Pait. "Early craniometric tools as a predecessor to neurosurgical stereotaxis". Journal of Neurosurgery 124, nr 6 (czerwiec 2016): 1867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.jns15424.

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In this paper the authors trace the history of early craniometry, referring to the technique of obtaining cranial measurements for the accurate correlation of external skull landmarks to specific brain regions. Largely drawing on methods from the newly emerging fields of physical anthropology and phrenology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, basic mathematical concepts were combined with simplistic (yet at the time, innovative) mechanical tools, leading to the first known attempts at craniocerebral topography. It is important to acknowledge the pioneers of this pre-imaging epoch, who applied creativity and ingenuity to tackle the challenge of reproducibly and reliably accessing a specific target in the brain. In particular, with the emergence of Broca’s theory of cortical localization, in vivo craniometric tools, and the introduction of 3D coordinate systems, several innovative devices were conceived that subsequently paved the way for modern-day stereotactic techniques. In this context, the authors present a comprehensive and systematic review of the most popular craniometric tools developed during this time period (prior to the stereotactic era) for the purposes of craniocerebral measurement and target localization.

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5

KOUCHI, Makiko, i Kiyotaka KOIZUMI. "An Analysis of Errors in Craniometry". Journal of Anthropological Society of Nippon 93, nr 4 (1985): 409–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.93.409.

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Neto, Antonio Maximiano, Wilson Viotto-de-Souza, Lilja Fromme, Mariana Gomfran Domingues, Lorena Pereira Guimarães, Thaís Aparecida Silva i André Luiz Quagliatto Santos. "Craniometry in Cerdocyon thous (Carnivora, Canidae)". International Journal of Morphology 38, nr 3 (czerwiec 2020): 640–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022020000300640.

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Botelho, Ricardo Vieira, i Edson Dener Zandonadi Ferreira. "Angular craniometry in craniocervical junction malformation". Neurosurgical Review 36, nr 4 (3.05.2013): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10143-013-0471-0.

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Robertson, John C. "Investigating Human Evolution Using Digital Imaging & Craniometry". American Biology Teacher 69, nr 3 (marzec 2007): e37-e41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1662/0002-7685(2007)69[37:iheudi]2.0.co;2.

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9

Meyer, Susan. "Craniometry, Race, and the Artist in Willa Cather". Prospects 27 (październik 2002): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s036123330000123x.

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Willa Cather's description of Blind d'Arnault, the black pianoplaying prodigy in My Ántonia (1918), is shocking. “He had the Negro head,” Cather's narrator, Jim Burden, tells us, “almost no head at all; nothing behind the ears but folds of neck under close-clipped wool” (139). This passage, like the entire Blind d'Arnault episode, has usually been ignored by critics, or, in a few more recent instances, confronted as evidence of Willa Cather's racism. Jim's phrase of “astounding insult and innocence,” Blanche Gelfant writes, “assures him that the black man should not frighten, being an incomplete creature, possessed … of instinct and rhythm but deprived of intellect” (120). Elizabeth Ammons cites this passage too, among others, as one of many offensive racist stereotypes in the description of d'Arnault (“African American Art,” 57). The description of d'Arnault is certainly full of racist stereotypes: d'Arnault, with what are termed his “animal desires” and “dark mind,” playing “barbarously and wonderfully” (My Ántonia, 142), is hardly accorded a fully human status by Jim, and nothing in the novel suggests any distance between Jim's racial attitudes and Cather's. I do want to argue, though, that Cather's views on race are considerably more complicated, as well as more central to her fiction, than critics have yet demonstrated. Attending to the preoccupation with skull shape in Cather's fiction gives us a way into this complexity.

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10

Smoker, W. R. "Craniovertebral junction: normal anatomy, craniometry, and congenital anomalies." RadioGraphics 14, nr 2 (marzec 1994): 255–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.14.2.8190952.

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Katz, Stephen. "Sexualization and the lateralized brain: From craniometry to pornography". Women's Studies International Forum 11, nr 1 (styczeń 1988): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-5395(88)90005-2.

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12

Geller, Pamela L., i Christopher M. Stojanowksi. "The vanishing Black Indian: Revisiting craniometry and historic collections". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 162, nr 2 (18.10.2016): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23115.

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Lisboa, Luiz Eduardo de Oliveira, Júlia Carelli, Nathaly Dias Morais, Alexandre Moro, Erika Calvano Küchler, João Armando Brancher, José Aguiomar Foggiatto i Maria Fernanda Pioli Torres. "Three-dimensionally rendering of the sphenoid bone of adolescents using Materialise’s Interactive Medical Image Control System software". Research, Society and Development 11, nr 9 (10.07.2022): e29311931874. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31874.

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The main goal of this study was to reconstruct three-dimensionally (3D) the sphenoid bone of adolescents with the software Materialise Mimics to test the accuracy and reliability of craniometric measurements performed with the software. The study was conducted according to Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was performed in adolescents before the orthodontic treatment as part of the orthodontic records. The CBCT images were exported as DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) files, in a universal format, with a voxel size of 0.3 mm and sphenoid bone was three-dimensionally rendered with Software Materialise Mimics. Ten sphenoid measurements were performed in triplicate by two trained examiners. The studied population was composed of 26 adolescents, 16 females (61.5%), and 10 males (38.5%) with a mean age of 12.5 years (SD= 1.7). 60 measurements were taken and the intra and inter-examiner accuracy revealed a high degree of data reproducibility (Kappa test higher than 0.90). The reconstruction and rendering of the images obtained by CBTC allowed anatomical details of the sphenoid bone to be measured with very high reproducibility. The Software Materialise Mimics allows you to analyze anatomical structures in detail and presents useful tools to optimize craniometry analyses.

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Shirobokov, Ivan. "On the application of the averaged correlation matrix in craniometry". Camera Praehistorica, nr 1 (czerwiec 2021): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2021-1-63-141-149.

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The article presents an averaged correlation matrix for 20 craniometric features, calculated for 24 male Eurasian samples. In some cases, correlation matrices calculated for different samples vary significantly; however, the fluctuations in the coefficients are usually random. Most correlation coefficients between craniometric traits have low positive values. The Mantel test, often used to compare matrices, produces incorrect results, since it is insensitive to the relationship between the value of the correlation coefficient and its stability: the lower the value of the correlation coefficient, the higher its random variability. At the same time, averaged correlation matrix based on individual data is similar to the averaged correlation matrices based on worldwide data used by Russian anthropologists at present. The usefullness of averaged correlation matrices for intergroup comparisons has been tested. It was also shown that the use of the averaged matrix for calculating the Mahalanobis distances produces results comparable to the calculations based on individual data. The analyzed samples can represent populations both from the local settlements and territorial communities. That was confirmed by the results of a series of tests for the Eastern European cranial samples, which were not used in the calculation of the averaged matrix. In conclusion some biases in the analysis of correlation coefficients caused by false ideas about their properties are considered.

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Hsu, Shao-Yun, i Pin-Keng Shih. "Feasibility of a craniometry in a comminuted zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture". Medicine 98, nr 24 (czerwiec 2019): e15839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000015839.

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Perrin, Colin, i Kay Anderson. "Reframing craniometry: human exceptionalism and the production of racial knowledge". Social Identities 19, nr 1 (styczeń 2013): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504630.2012.753346.

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Techataweewan, Nawaporn, Beatrix Dudzik, Amnat Kitkhuandee, Pichayen Duangthongphon i Nancy Tayles. "Gender and Population Variation in Craniometry and Freehand Pass Ventriculostomy". World Neurosurgery 117 (wrzesień 2018): e194-e203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2018.05.240.

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Morata, Claudio, Andrea Pizarro, Hector Gonzalez i Raúl Frugone-Zambra. "A craniometry-based predictive model to determine occlusal vertical dimension". Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 123, nr 4 (kwiecień 2020): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.05.009.

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Postnikov, M. A., O. V. Slesarev, D. A. Trunin, D. A. Andriyanov i S. N. Ispanova. "Automated Analysis of X-Ray Images of the Temporomandibular Joint in Patients with Orthognathic Bite and Physiological Occlusion". Journal of radiology and nuclear medicine 100, nr 1 (14.03.2019): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2019-100-1-6-14.

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Objective: to propose a procedure for analyzing the X-ray image of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) through the automated calculation of linear and angular measurements from craniometry points in comparison with the reference values.Material and methods. Fifty TMJ cone beam computed tomography images were analyzed in 25 volunteers aged 18-25 years with orthognathic bite and physiological occlusion. All the tomography images were analyzed from craniometric points, by using a section corresponding to the midsagittal plane of the TMJ. Angular and linear measurements characterizing the functional capacities of the TMJ were determined. A statistical analysis involved descriptive methods and was carried out by the IBM SPSS 21 statistics.Results. The introduction of automated estimation of TMJ functional capacities from angular and linear measurements made it possible to obtain the following data: the α-angle was 11.99±2.44° for the right TMJ and 12.12±2.78° for the left one; the β-angle was 11.58±2.31° for the right TMJ and 12.42±2.81° for the left one; the γ-angle was 156.41±4.57° for the right TMJ and 155.46±5.50° for the left one. A descriptive statistics checking revealed no gross errors.Conclusion. It is expedient to take into account the findings as reference values to characterize the anatomical and functional state of the TMJ on the x-ray image.

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Isaev, A. B., i K. Sh Babazade. "Gender and Typological Features of the Alveolar Process of the Maxilla". Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 9, nr 1 (1.04.2020): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-1-30-34.

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The aim of this research was to study gender and typological features of the morphometric parameters of the alveolar process of the maxilla in the mature population of the Republic of Azerbaijan.Material and methods. The study included 100 macerated mature male and female skulls reported in the certificates from the craniological collection of the fundamental museum of the department of human anatomy and medical terminology of the Azerbaijan medical university. The craniometric and variation-statistical methods were used in the study. Measurements were performed according to the generally accepted method using standard instruments for craniometry (Vernier caliper, caliper and a metal ruler). Cranial cuts in the frontal plane at the level of the upper canines, second premolars and molars were performed to measure the height and width of the alveolar ridge.Results. The results of morphometry demonstrated that the alveolar process of the maxilla has a pronounced gender dimorphism in males and females. Thus, in men morphometric parameters of the alveolar ridge (measured at different levels) are higher than in women. The alveolar ridge is statistically higher in leptoprozopes and mesoprozopes compared with euriprozopes at all studied levels.Conclusion. The height and width of the alveolar process of the maxilla have significant gender differences. Certain features of the width of the alveolar ridge have been detected for various forms of the facial part of the skull, but no evident relationship has been revealed.

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Huang, Ke-Chun, Furen Xiao, I.-Jen Chiang, Yi-Long Chen, Yi-Hsin Tsai, Jau-Min Wong i Chun-Chih Liao. "A Simple Geometric Model for Simulating Brain Herniation Using CT Craniometry". AASRI Procedia 6 (2014): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aasri.2014.05.014.

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Park, Hee-Kyung, Jin-Woo Chung i Hong-Seop Kho. "Use of hand-held laser scanning in the assessment of craniometry". Forensic Science International 160, nr 2-3 (lipiec 2006): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.10.007.

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Al-Dwairy, Salem, Jehad Fataftah, Alaa Al-Mousa, Mohammad Z. Ejjo, Khaled Albakri i Altarawneh Mohammad. "Evaluation of the Normal Craniocervical Junction Craniometry in 137 Asymptomatic Patients". International Journal of Morphology 41, nr 1 (luty 2023): 216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-95022023000100216.

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Stoliar, D. B., i L. P. Lavriv. "MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT IN HUMAN DURING THE SECOND TRIMESTER OF INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT". Clinical anatomy and operative surgery 17, nr 2 (24.05.2018): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/1727-0847.17.2.2018.4.

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The article provides data on the anatomical features of temporomandibular joint in the second trimester of fetal development, certain methods of anatomy, morphometry and craniometry. The glenoid fossa in fetuses aged 4-6 months was found to be flat. The bone substance in the glenoid fossa is thin. One can see the development of the elements of the synovial membrane in the articular capsule. In the lower and upper parts of the articular cavity, the folds and ligaments of the connective tissue plate are identified, and the capillaries grow into the synovial membrane. In some places there are connective tissue membranes between the surfaces of the temporal bone and the articular disk, the articular disk and the head of mandible. Macroscopically, the articular disk has a dense structure, it is arranged between the articular surfaces, from the back surface of the articular disk to the inner surface of the articular capsule the taenia of the connective tissue is identified. Anteriorly, the articular disk is attached in the area of the future articular tubercle. The right and lefts temporomandibular joint are of the same size. In the dynamics of the second trimester of intrauterine development, the temporomandibular joint is characterized by the presence of a flat glenoid fossa and the absence of an articular tubercle. An increase in all craniometric indices is observed, indicating an increase in the total bone mass of the skull and an increase in the size of the temporomandibular joint.

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Jastremski, Nicole A., Lourdes Henebry-DeLeon, Patrick M. Lubinski i Dominic Klyve. "Highland vs. lowland craniometry in Andean South America: An Ecuadorian case study". Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 35 (luty 2021): 102758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102758.

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Sonet, Gontran, Marc Colyn, Erik Verheyen, Zoltán T. Nagy, Wim Wendelen, Harry Van Rompaey i Jan Hulselmans. "Afrotropical forest-dwelling mongooses (Mammalia: Herpestidae:Crossarchus) investigated by craniometry and mitochondrial DNA". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 52, nr 4 (10.04.2014): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12066.

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GOODRUM, MATTHEW R. "The beginnings of human palaeontology: prehistory, craniometry and the ‘fossil human races’". British Journal for the History of Science 49, nr 3 (wrzesień 2016): 387–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087416000674.

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AbstractSince the nineteenth century, hominid palaeontology has offered critical information about prehistoric humans and evidence for human evolution. Human fossils discovered at a time when there was growing agreement that humans existed during the Ice Age became especially significant but also controversial. This paper argues that the techniques used to study human fossils from the 1850s to the 1870s and the way that these specimens were interpreted owed much to the anthropological examination of Stone, Bronze, and Iron Age skeletons retrieved by archaeologists from prehistoric tombs throughout Europe. What emerged was the idea that a succession of distinct human races, which were identified using techniques such as craniometry, had occupied and migrated into Europe beginning in the Ice Age and continuing into the historic period. This marks a phase in the history of human palaeontology that gradually gave way to a science of palaeoanthropology that viewed hominid fossils more from the perspective of evolutionary theory and hominid phylogeny.

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Jedrzejowska, Zofia K. "Craniometry and mathematical calculations as a method for viscero-cranium profile determination". Forensic Science International 117, nr 1-2 (marzec 2001): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00456-4.

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Andreis, Maria Elena, Umberto Polito, Maria Cristina Veronesi, Massimo Faustini, Mauro Di Giancamillo i Silvia C. Modina. "Novel contributions in canine craniometry: Anatomic and radiographic measurements in newborn puppies". PLOS ONE 13, nr 5 (8.05.2018): e0196959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196959.

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Perin, P. P., J. R. Cardoso, G. Qualhato i L. B. M. Araujo. "Craniometry is a Useful Tool for Forensic Diagnostic Pathology in Neotropical Primates". Journal of Comparative Pathology 156, nr 1 (styczeń 2017): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.11.126.

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Campillo, Domingo, i Antonio Carvajal. "Study of craniostenosis and similar conditions by vestibular craniometry using computerized tomography". International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 7, nr 6 (listopad 1997): 636–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1212(199711/12)7:6<636::aid-oa367>3.0.co;2-b.

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Cryle, Peter, i Elizabeth Stephens. "Normality: A collection of essays". History of the Human Sciences 34, nr 2 (20.01.2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695120984074.

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This article introduces a collection of articles written in response to a recently published intellectual and cultural history of normality by Peter Cryle and Elizabeth Stephens. It points to the fact that this special issue considerably extends and enriches the topical range of the book. The articles that follow discuss, in order, schooling in France at the time of the Revolution, phrenology in Europe and the US from 1840 to 1940, relations between commercial practice and scientific craniometry in 19th-century Britain and France, psychology in late 19th-century France, case studies in sexology and psychoanalysis in Central Europe, and biotypology in Southern Europe and Latin America.

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MOURI, Toshio, i Takeshi NISHIMURA. "Craniometry of Adult Male Japanese Macaques from the Yakushima, Koshima and Kinkazan Islands". Primate Research 18, nr 1 (2002): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2354/psj.18.43.

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Lalueza Fox, Carles. "Craniometry and racial types in the Iberian Peninsula: the end of a stereotype". Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris 9, nr 3 (1997): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bmsap.1997.2487.

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Cawte, Mary. "Craniometry and eugenics in Australia: R.J.A. berry and the quest for social efficiency". Historical Studies 22, nr 86 (kwiecień 1986): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10314618608595735.

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Simonsen, Vibeke, Cino Pertoldi, Aksel Bo Madsen i Volker Loeschcke. "Genetic differentiation of foxes (Vulpes vulpes) analysed by means of craniometry and isozymes". Journal for Nature Conservation 11, nr 2 (styczeń 2003): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/1617-1381-00038.

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Heathcote, G. M. "Population history reconstruction, based on craniometry I. The backtracking approach and initial results". Human Evolution 9, nr 2 (kwiecień 1994): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02437258.

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Bakharev, I. V. "TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE FRONTAL BONE SUPRAORBITAL MARGIN". I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 25, nr 2 (25.09.2017): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/pavlovj20172178-183.

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The article presents data about the anatomical variability of the supraorbital edge of the frontal bone, obtained by skull craniometry of people using lepten facial index values. The evaluation of a number of indicators developed by the size of the orbit and the classification reflects the degree of curvature of the arc of the supraorbital region, based on the author's introduction curvature coefficient (CC). Three groups of skulls on the value of CC supraor-bital edge of the frontal bone: less than 30 a small curved arc; 30-45 with average and more than 45 with a large arc curved. Significant correlation of moderate intensity was found between the values of CC and the facial index.

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39

Goodwin, Morag. "The poverty of numbers: reflections on the legitimacy of global development indicators". International Journal of Law in Context 13, nr 4 (grudzień 2017): 485–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552317000404.

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AbstractIt is no surprise that development institutions and actors have taken to indicators with such enthusiasm. Where indicators are both a form of knowledge production and simultaneously a technology of governance, they are a form of soft powers that allow such actors to set the standards for what it is to be developed in the twenty-first century. Such measures of civilisation have been dominant throughout a history of Global North–South encounters: measurement was central to the many forms of colonial control, from map-making to craniometry, to the global ‘discovery’ of poverty in the 1940s. This paper seeks to place development indicators in this colonial context by focusing on the issue of comparability or the global claim that underpins global development indicators.

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40

Roodenburg, Herman. "Making an Island in Time: Dutch Folklore Studies, Painting, Tourism, and Craniometry around 1900". Journal of Folklore Research: An International Journal of Folklore and Ethnomusicology 39, nr 2-3 (maj 2002): 173–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jfr.2002.39.2-3.173.

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Chekanova, I. V., O. Yu Vovk, V. B. Ikramov i S. O. Dubina. "Craniotopographic characteristics of the distances between the foramina of the middle cranial fossa taking into account the human craniotype". Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 24, nr 4 (28.12.2020): 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2020-24(4)-01.

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Annotation. It is known that within the middle cranial fossa there are rotundum, ovale and spinosum foramina through which important vessels and nerves pass. That is why it is important for surgeons not to damage them during surgery. The aim of the work was to establish the craniotopographic characteristics of the distances between the foramens of the middle cranial fossa of a mature person depending on the extreme types of skull structure. The morphometric study was performed on 50 CT scans of the adult human head using the anatomical imaging system Anatomage table, with the installed program Launching Table 6.0 Application and 50 bone preparations of the skull of adults in standard craniological methods using a common set of measuring instruments. In our study, craniometry was performed between the rotundum, ovale and spinosum foramina of the middle cranial fossa. Statistical processing of the obtained digital material was performed by the variation-statistical method with the determination of the Mann-Whitney criterion (p<0.05). The performed morphometry showed there is a slight asymmetry of the distances between the foramens of the left and right parts of the middle cranial fossa. The study also showed that there is no significant difference in the average size between the foramens in the left and right halves of the middle cranial fossa depending on the extreme types of skull. The length between the foramina of the same name (rotundum, ovale and spinosum) is characterized by a gradual increase in parameters from dolichocranes to brachycranes, combined with an increase in latitudinal size in brachycranes, average values in mesocranes and a decrease in transverse parameters in dolichocranes. The obtained results complement the existing information on craniotopographic and craniometric features of the middle cranial fossa and can be the basis for further research.

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Rygielska, Małgorzata. "Man’s measures. Piotr Mitzner and fundamental anthropological questions". Tekstualia 3, nr 62 (28.11.2020): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5623.

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The articles concerns various possibilities of interpreting Piotr Mitzner’s poem Jest miarąfrom the volume of poems I po kropce (2013). Three important interpretative contexts for Mitzner’s poem can be identifi ed: 1) different ways of understanding Protagoras’ maxim anthroposmetron consi-dered to be the „magnacharta of Western relativism” (G. Reale); 2) the theoretical and practical implications of the development of craniometry, with its connections to the physical and cultural anthropology of the 19th and 20th centuries (along with references to the ideological use of human skull measurements i.e. during the 2nd World War), the refl ection on human cognitive limitations. The formal aspects of Mitzner’s poem that are crucial for its analysis include repetitions, rhythm and graphic and sound arrangement as well as the construction of the implied subject.

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43

Fosséprez, J., T. Roels, D. Manicourt i C. Behets. "Craniofacial dysmorphism of osteogenesis imperfecta mouse and effect of cathepsin K knockout: Preliminary craniometry observations". Morphologie 108, nr 362 (wrzesień 2024): 100785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2024.100785.

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Shepetyuk, Maksim G., Elena V. Chaplygina, Ol'ga A. Kaplunova, Ol'ga P. Sukhanova, Igor' M. Blinov i Irina O. Mikhal'chich. "COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LINEAR DIMENSIONS OF VARIOUS FORMS OF THE FACIAL SKULL". Morphological newsletter 31, nr 2 (19.03.2023): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/mv-mn.2023.31(2).729.

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For many years, radiography has traditionally been the main method for studying of the morphology of the facial skull and identifying craniofacial deformities, however, it is difficult to assess the typical variability of the linear dimensions of the facial skull on radiographs due to the many overlapping shadows of anatomical structures. Comparison of the results of craniometry of macerated skulls, radiographs and spiral computed tomography shows that multislice computed tomography in some cases can be the best alternative to conventional radiography and other methods of studying the facial skull. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the linear dimensions of the facial skull with its various forms according to multislice computed tomography. Tomograms of 105 patients with different facial skull shapes were studied. Tomography was performed on a «Brilliance 64 Slice» multislice spiral X-ray computed tomography scanner at the Department of Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Computed Tomography of the Rostov State Medical University for suspected cerebrovascular pathology. The obtained images were analyzed using axial, multiplanar, and shadow density surface reconstructions in various projections. Measurements were made using a standard digital ruler of a computer tomography workstation, typical features of the linear dimensions of the facial skull were evaluated using the fan-beam method. In the studied group of individuals, the predominance of euryenes (46.7%, n=49) over mezenes (37.2%, n=35) and leptens (18.1%, n=9) was revealed. A comparative characteristic of the linear dimensions of the facial skull on spiral computed tomograms is described. According to the results of the study, the linear dimensions of the facial skull on the right dominate in leptens and euryenes, on the right in sections of the upper fan on the right, and on the left in sections of the lower and lateral fans. A left-sided asymmetry of the linear dimensions of the facial skull in sections of the lower fan, which is characteristic of mezenes, was established, while a right-sided asymmetry was found for euryenes and leptens. The data obtained as indicators of normal craniometry can be used in clinical practice by radiologists, plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, as well as in anthropology and forensic medicine.

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Aleshkina, Olga, Tatiana Bikbaeva, Anton Devyatkin, Marina Markeeva, Tatyana Zagorovskaya, Olga Konnova, Irina Polkovova i Valery Konnov. "THE VARIABILITY AND THE RATIO OF THE PITUITARY GLAND AND PITUITARY FOSSA LINEAR PARAMETERS DEPENDING ON THE SKULL BASE ANGLE". Archiv Euromedica 11, nr 4 (30.09.2021): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2199-885x/2021/11/4.14.

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Details of the morpho- & topometric variability of the skull elements and soft tissue formations in the area of the sphenoid bone body, as well as their relationship, serve as the basis for the choice of proper surgical accesses to the respective area. The aim of this study was to identify the typical variability of morphometric parameters and the volume ratio between the pituitary gland and the Turkish saddle pituitary fossa in mature age adults. The method of computer craniometry (involving 100 MRI of people of the first and second periods of their mature age, 22–60) was employed to study the typical variability of the pituitary fossa and pituitary gland linear parameters, regardless of gender. The obtained data revealed that the regularity of morphometric variability and the volume ratio of the pituitary gland and the pituitary fossa depend on the skull base bending angle.

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46

Markeeva, Marina V., Olga Yu Alyoshkina, Natalya V. Tarasova i Olga V. Syrova. "AGE-RELATED VARIABILITY OF THE WIDTH OF THE NASAL MEATUSES ACCORDING TO DATA OF THE CRANIOMETRY". Morphological newsletter 28, nr 3 (26.08.2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20340/mv-mn.2020.28(3):21-27.

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The use of video-endoscopic equipment in pediatric rhino-surgery necessitates a thorough study of the structure of the nasal cavity structures at different age periods. The aim of the study was to study the width of the nasal meatuses in childhood based on craniometrics data. Craniometry of 65 children's skulls was performed, divided into six groups (infancy, early childhood, first and second childhood, adolescence and youth). It was found that the width of the nasal meatuses increases unevenly with the age of the child; periods of the permanency are replaced by periods of growth. The maximum values of the width of the lower and middle nasal meatuses of the skull reach in adolescence, and the general meatuses - in adolescence. Also, an increase in the width of the middle and common nasal meatuses was revealed along their length from the anterior to posterior edges of the nasal conches by an average of 30%, while the width of the lower nasal meatuses remains constant. The ratios of the width of the lower and middle nasal meatuses to the width of the common nasal passages were determined depending on age. The width of the inferior nasal meatus to the width of the common nasal meatus at 1-1.5 years is 1: 2 at the level of the anterior end of the inferior nasal conchae and 1: 3 at the level of its posterior end, in other age groups it is 1: 1.5 and 1: 2 respectively. The width of the middle nasal meatus to the width of the common nasal meatus at the level of both ends of the middle meatus in each age group is 1: 1. The obtained data are of clinical importance for the choice of trans-nasal surgical access, for the choice of the size of endoscopic instruments, the diameter and angle of view of endoscopes, the preservation of age-related physiological relationships of the structures of the nasal cavity, and the reduction of the risk of intraoperative complications. Up to 4 years old, it is recommended to use endoscopes and endoscopic instruments of the smallest diameter; over 4 years old, the size of the nasal passages makes it possible to increase the diameter of the endoscopic set to improve access.

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Lang, A., P. Brucker, M. Ludwig, T. Wrede, J. Theunert i H. Gasse. "The challenge of extra-intra craniometry: a computer-assisted three-dimensional approach on the equine skull". Folia Morphologica 76, nr 3 (7.09.2017): 458–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5603/fm.a2016.0082.

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Masroor, Safina, Nagaveni N.B i Poornima P. "Identification of dental sexual dimorphism in deciduous teeth using craniometry and odontometry: A cross sectional study". International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry 9, nr 1 (15.04.2023): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijohd.2023.002.

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Sex determination is an important aspect in identification of individuals especially in cases of identifying victims of mass disasters, organised crimes etc. Odontometry is the measurement and study of tooth size. Cranial anthropometry is the measurement of skull dimensions and is considered to be a versatile technique in the investigation of the craniofacial skeleton because of its validity and practicality. To assess tooth crown area of the deciduous molar teeth, to assess head size, to evaluate the extent of sexual dimorphism using head and dental dimension: This study was done in 150 boys and 150 girls. Maxillary and mandibular arch impressions were made, casts were made with dental stone. A vernier calliper was used for obtaining the measurements. Mesiodistal width and buccolingual width of all the molars were measured in millimetres, tooth crown area (TCA) was calculated. Head dimensions were measured using Martin spreading calliper, Cephalic Index (CI) was calculated. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired “t” test, and logistic regression analysis was performed.: The highest tooth crown area was shown by mandibular left second deciduous molar for both boys and girls (p<0.05). Boys showed higher cephalic index compared to girls (p<0.05). The highest percent dimorphism was obtained for maxillary left first deciduous molar.Tooth crown area and head size can serve as a valuable aid for sex determination in pediatric population.

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Dolzhenko, Yuriy. "Craniology of Women of Scythian Culture in the Territory of Ukraine". Scientific Papers of the Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University. Series: History, nr 40 (czerwiec 2022): 9–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2411-2143-2022-40-9-33.

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The article describes the level of heterogeneity of female representatives of the Scythian culture from the territory of the forest-steppe and steppe Ukraine, clarifies their place among the synchronous female Scythian, Sarmatian groups and series of the Late Eneolithic, Bronze, Timber-grave culture of Eurasia, for that purpose, in particular, new craniological data have been entered into scientific circulation. Three standard techniques were used: craniometry (according to R. Martin), ethnic cranioscopy (which was proposed by A. G. Kozintsev), and craniophenetics (according to the method of A. C. Berry, R. J. Berry, which was tested by A. A. Movsesyan). When interpreting the data, the computer programs by B. Kozintsev and A. Kozintsev were used. In general, after study of the entire array of female burials, both from steppe and forest-steppe Scythia (52 skulls) from the territory of modern Ukraine (except for Crimea), on the skulls of which 12 craniometric features and one index according to R. Martin (1, 8, 20, 9, 45, 48, 55, 54, 51, 52, 77, zm, SS:SC) were preserved, the heterogeneity of women of the Scythian culture was revealed for the forest-steppe of Ukraine. According to its morphology, the studied skull of a 30–40-year-old woman from burial 12 in the village. Medvin, Boguslavsky district, Kyiv region, dated to the 7th – 6th cent. BC belongs to the third, mesocranial, broad-faced craniological variant with a very low calvaria, which after canonical and cluster analyses reveals its similarity to the female mesocranial series of catacomb culture of Ukraine and mesocranial, broad-faced, dated by archaeologists to the 5th – 4th cent. BC. The eastern direction of relations is insignificant and is manifested by the similarity of the fourth, mesocranial (or subbrachicranic), with a high vault of craniological variant to the Sarmatian burials, dating from the 3rd – 1st cent. BC. Principal component analysis and canonical multivariate analysis did not reveal morphological differences between steppe and forest-steppe female skulls.

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VERHEYEN, WALTER, JAN HULSELMANS, WIM WENDELEN, HERWIG LEIRS, MARCO CORTI, THIERRY BACKELJAU i ERIK VERHEYEN. "Contribution to the systematics and zoogeography of the East-African Acomys spinosissimus Peters 1852 species complex and the description of two new species (Rodentia: Muridae)". Zootaxa 3059, nr 1 (14.10.2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3059.1.1.

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We revised the taxonomic status of the putative Acomys spinosissimus complex based on the comparative study of specimen collections from Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, DR Congo and South Africa, by means of analysis of external morphology, craniometry, enzymes, mitochondrial DNA sequences and karyology. Our results confirm that A. spinosissimus represents a complex of species with seemingly non-overlapping distribution ranges. The distribution range of A. spinosissimus appears to be restricted between the Zambesi and Limpopo Rivers, while the reinstated A. selousi (that includes A. transvaalensis) occurs further to the South (i.e. northern limit seemingly just north of the Limpopo River). The investigated populations north of the Zambezi River are morphologically and genetically distinct from A. spinosissimus and A. selousi. Based on this evidence, we described Acomys muzei sp. nov. and Acomys ngurui sp. nov., each one occurring separately along one side of the Eastern Arc Mountains. Finally, we lacked sufficient information to describe a third new species from the area north of the Zambesi River.

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