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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Country image"

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Fan, Qingji. "Relationship among China’s country image, corporate image and brand image". Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science 2, nr 1 (8.04.2019): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcmars-01-2019-0006.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of China’s image as a country on consumers’ evaluations of brands. Drawing on the literature pertaining to country images and country-of-origin effect, a research model was developed to evaluate country image, corporate image and brand image. Design/methodology/approach To test the model and investigate the effects of country, corporate and brand image on brand attitude and purchase intention, a survey was conducted that examined Korean consumers’ attitudes toward well-known Chinese brands. Findings China’s country image was found to comprise four dimensions: political image, economic image, citizen image and country relationship image. Country image had a direct positive effect on brand attitude, and through brand attitude, country image had an indirect positive effect on purchase intention. Corporate image and brand image had a positive effect on brand attitude and a direct positive effect on purchase intention. In addition, country image had a positive effect on corporate image, while through corporate image, country image had an indirect positive effect on brand image. Originality/value These findings not only offer theoretical evidence for research on China’s country image, but also provide empirical evidence to support the “going global” strategies of Chinese enterprises.
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Jeannie Hahm, Jeeyeon, i Asli D. A. Tasci. "Country image and destination image of Brazil in relation to information sources". Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 3, nr 2 (20.11.2019): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhti-04-2019-0057.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to measure country image and destination image of Brazil and identify influential information sources as image agents that help forming these images. Design/methodology/approach An online sample of respondents residing in the USA was surveyed using a structured survey design. County image, destination image and information sources were measured using seven-point Likert scales. Frequencies, descriptives, correlation analyses, t-test and ordinary least squares regression were used to analyze the data. Findings The findings revealed that Brazil’s destination image is stronger than its country image. Brazil’s destination image is rated above the middle rank (4) on the seven-point scale, the strongest attributes being scenic beauty, beaches and water attractions. Its country image, on the other hand, is below the middle rank (4) on the seven-point scale. Correlated with seven of the nine country image items, general knowledge from school is potentially the most influential agent for country image while word-of-mouth, printed or online news media and TV programs are potentially the most influential agent for destination image. Originality/value The image of Brazil has not been a focus of existing empirical research. Also, this study bridges the gap between country image and destination image in relation to information sources.
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Jin, Byoungho, Moudi O. Almousa, Heesoon Yang i Naeun Kim. "Differential effects of macro and micro country images by product category and by country among Saudi consumers". Management Decision 56, nr 8 (13.08.2018): 1663–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-10-2016-0751.

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Purpose While country image consists of two hierarchical images – macro country image at the country level and micro country image at the specific product level – previous studies have largely failed to detail its varying effects by product category and by the level of a country’s economic development. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the macro and micro country images of four countries (USA, Italy, Korea, and Malaysia) on Saudi consumers’ purchase intentions in two product categories (symbolic and functional product). Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from shoppers older than 20 years of age at several shopping malls in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia via mall intercept method. Findings Analyses of 496 data revealed that the effects of macro and micro country images differ by product category. In particular, both macro and micro country images were equally relevant to the purchase intention of symbolic goods (i.e. handbags), while micro country image played a greater role in the purchase intention of functional goods (i.e. cell phones). A partial country moderating effect was found. The effects of micro country image on the purchase intention of handbags were valid only in Italy, where product-country match is high. Originality/value This study advances country image research by highlighting how the effects of macro and micro country images on purchase intention differ by product category and by country. The findings suggest which aspect of country image (i.e. macro vs micro) should be actively communicated in the marketing of symbolic and functional goods.
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Brijs, Kris, Josée Bloemer i Hans Kasper. "Country-image discourse model: Unraveling meaning, structure, and function of country images". Journal of Business Research 64, nr 12 (grudzień 2011): 1259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.01.017.

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Li, Shenyu, Rong Huang i Siva K. Balasubramanian. "Country of market effect". Innovative Marketing 12, nr 1 (27.04.2016): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.12(1).2016.01.

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Purpose: This article proposes and empirically tests the country of market (COMK) effect, which captures the consumer’s responses of home market to a country where the product is marketed. Design/methodology/approach: Study 1 applies a lab experiment about Chinese consumers’ purchase intention for printers marketed either in the US or China. Study 2 applies country level data to examine the impact of economic development of 22 host countries on the performance of 167 multinational retailers in their home country. Findings: Study 1 shows that the printers marketed in US attract a higher level of purchase intention than printers marketed in China. This COMK effect is more salient for printers manufactured in China than those manufactured in US. In addition, innovation and design factors corresponding to the host country’s image fully mediate the COMK effect. Results in Study 2 show that a retailer that markets its services in a host country with a higher (lower) level of economic development is likely to generate higher (lower) level of retailing performance in its home country. Furthermore, it is found that COMK effect is diminished as the level of economic development of a vendor’s home country increases. Research limitations/implications: In addition to the cognitive components of country image (e.g., design and innovation), consumers’ affective components may also influence the COMK effect. Future research could discuss the impact of consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity on consumers’ attitude towards the product marketed in other countries. Practical implications: Strategically, marketing products to a country with a favorable image could benefit vendors from an emerging economy. For manufacturers from developed countries, marketing a product within their own countries may enhance the associated innovation and design images while marketing the same product in an emerging market. Originality/value: This article proposes and tests a demand side country effect on consumers’ purchase intention for products marketed in other countries. It is in sharp contrast to the traditional country effect which focuses on the supply side effect (e.g., country of origin, country of manufacture, country of assembly etc.)
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Lascu, Dana-Nicoleta, Zafar U. Ahmed, Irfan Ahmed i Tan Hui Min. "Dynamics of country image: evidence from Malaysia". Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 32, nr 8 (17.01.2020): 1675–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-04-2019-0241.

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Purpose Previous research has posited country image to operate at two levels: the country’s macro image, based on general politico-economic descriptors of the country, and the country’s micro image, based on perceptions of products from the country. The purpose of this paper is to further explore this premise in a practical study, using a psychometric assessment of macro and micro country images by ascertaining the nature of differences in macro and micro images of leading exporters, the USA and China, for consumers in Malaysia, a top import destination of US and Chinese goods; the images of Malaysian goods were similarly assessed. Design/methodology/approach The study used a systematic sample, with questionnaires distributed to adult respondents using a street intercept. Interviewers asked every other passer-by to fill out a questionnaire, and stood in close proximity to address any questions from respondents. The study hypothesized that there is a significant difference between country macro and micro image, respectively for the USA, China and Malaysia, and that there is significant relationship between country macro image and country micro image in each country, respectively, USA, China and Malaysia. Findings The study found support for the reliability of existing country micro and macro image measures, and further refined them for increased validity. The study compared between the countries and found significant differences on both macro and micro dimensions of country image. The US scored highest on technological research, high quality products, standards of living, labor costs, welfare system, industrialization, civilian government, development, literacy, free-market system and democracy, followed by China on technological research, industrialization, development and free-market system, with Malaysia scoring higher on product quality, labor costs, welfare system, civilian government is civilian/non-military, literacy, free-market system and democracy. Research limitations/implications A broader study of countries that share geopolitical and cultural similarities might offer additional insights into country macro and micro image. Practical implications The study cautions marketers to assess the acceptance of their products in the context of their country’s macro and micro image perceptions in target markets, and steer those perceptions in a manner that would be beneficial to their marketing efforts. Originality/value The conceptualization of the macro and micro aspects of country image has been one of the less studied dimensions of country image. This study is the first to address these dimensions from an emerging-market perspective, suggesting that, at the macro level, country perceptions regarding technology, economy, and politics contribute to an overall impression of the country, which would then influence the desirability of its products originating there. For the micro country image, products from countries perceived as innovative, excelling in product design, and producing prestigious products, are likely to be perceived as desirable.
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Martínez, Sara Campo, i Maria D. Alvarez. "Country Versus Destination Image in a Developing Country". Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 27, nr 7 (2.11.2010): 748–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2010.519680.

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Zhang, Jingru, Bihu Wu, Alastair M. Morrison, Chi Tseng i Ying-chen Chen. "How Country Image Affects Tourists’ Destination Evaluations: A Moderated Mediation Approach". Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research 42, nr 6 (22.03.2016): 904–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1096348016640584.

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Limited tourism research has as yet drawn attention to the differences and interactions between country image and destination image. Therefore, this research explored the relationships among country image, destination image, familiarity, and destination evaluation. Based on an empirical study of international tourists in Beijing, China, a model was proposed covering these four variables. Country image mainly affected international tourists’ evaluations of China as a destination in a conditional indirect way, mediated by destination image and especially by psychological image, and moderated by familiarity. Moreover, familiarity directly and positively influenced functional destination image and negatively moderated the relationship between country and psychological destination images.
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Roth, Katharina P., i Adamantios Diamantopoulos. "Advancing the country image construct". Journal of Business Research 62, nr 7 (lipiec 2009): 726–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.05.014.

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Kochunny, C. M., Emin Babakus, Robert Berl i William Marks. "Schematic Representation of Country Image:". Journal of International Consumer Marketing 5, nr 1 (19.04.1993): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j046v05n01_02.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Country image"

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Lee, Chan Woo. "Product-country images : the role of country image in consumers' prototype product evaluation". Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5222.

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What is the relationship between a country specific image and the image of products made in that country? What is the role of country image in consumers' product valuations? While many of previous studies have examined the COO effects on consumers' overall quality perceptions of products, little work has been done on investigating the relationship between a country specific image, its product image, and consumers' purchase willingness. A prototype car product, with fictitious country of origin from Germany, Italy, Korea and Malaysia, was developed for investigating consumers' perceptions, and for defining the role of country image in consumers product evaluations. In order to generalise research findings to the global context, tests with the questionnaires are conducted from 320 undergraduate students in four countries (United Kingdom, United States, Hong Kong, and Australia). A review of the prior literature on country of origin effects, product-country images, and models of belief-attitude provided two constructs of country of origin (COO) and country of target (COT) as direction of this study. Finally, the literature review enabled the development of three main questions as basis of five hypotheses as follows; (a) Are there significant differences between consumer groups' attitudes toward a specific country and its prototype car products? (b) Are there significant differences between consumer groups' purchase willingness toward products from a specific country? (c) What is the role of country image in consumers' product evaluations? Three sets of hypotheses were tested in this study which were concerned with country image, product image, and purchase willingness as sub-constructs of COO and COT. Two statistical techniques were used to analyse the data - multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). This study contributes to the body of knowledge on country of origin in a number of specific ways: first, prototypes, rather than existing product are employed as stimuli; second, the construct of country of target (COT) was introduced and was conceptualised as a complement to that of country of origin (COO); and third, the interaction between these three elements is explored. Eventually, the finding of this research confirmed that the COT construct and its effects are potentially very important to the study of the role of country image and to business people exporting products from a particular COO.
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Lee, Chan Woo. "Product-country images the role of country image in consumers' prototype product evaluations /". Online version, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.336622.

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Ayala, Daisy Carmen Sarzuri. "A imagem do Brasil: um estudo a partir da perspectiva de consumidores latino-americanos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96132/tde-05092016-155417/.

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Os países estão cada vez mais conscientes da importância da sua imagem, dado que, a imagem de um país representa um ativo fundamental nas novas relações econômicas e políticas. Assim, a pesquisa da imagem dos países vem ganhando relevância no campo de estudos de Marketing Internacional. Nesse contexto, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi: investigar quais são as dimensões que compõem a imagem do Brasil e quais são os fatores que contribuem para sua formação no exterior, especificamente na América Latina. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizado uma pesquisa qualitativa aplicando o método ZMET e uma pesquisa quantitativa por meio de um survey junto a uma amostra de 1617 respondentes de nacionalidade mexicana, argentina, equatoriana e boliviana. Os resultados do estudo confirmaram que o construto \"Imagem de país\" compreende três componentes (cognitivo, afetivo e conativo), confirmou-se também que a imagem do Brasil pode ser analisada por uma combinação dos componentes cognitivo, afetivo e conativo, sendo que o cognitivo foi o componente mais fortemente identificado, baseado essencialmente em crenças relacionadas à política, às pessoas do país, aos aspectos socioambientais, à economia, à inovação e à cultura do Brasil. Adicionalmente, os resultados demonstraram que, para os participantes pesquisados (mexicanos, argentinos, equatorianos e bolivianos), a internet e os jornais televisivos foram os dois meios de comunicação mais importantes para obter informações sobre o Brasil. Portanto, os meios de comunicação desempenham um papel muito importante na formação da imagem do Brasil na América Latina
The countries are increasingly aware of the importance of their image, since the image of a country is a key asset in the new economic and political relations. Thus, the research of the image of the country has been gaining importance in the international marketing field studies. In this context, the objective of this research was: investigate what are the dimensions that contribute to constitute Brazilian country image and what are the factors that helps to form this particular aspect in Latin America. To achieve this goal, we performed a qualitative research applying ZMET method, and a quantitative research through a survey with a sample of 1617 respondents of Mexican nationality, Argentina, Ecuador and Bolivia. The study results confirmed that the construct \"country image\" comprises three components (cognitive, affective and conative), it was confirmed also that the Brazilian image can be analyzed by a combination of components cognitive, affective and conative. Since the cognitive was the most strongly identified component, essentially based on beliefs related to politics, the people of the country, social and environmental aspects, the economy, innovation and culture of Brazil. In addition, the results showed that the participants surveyed (Mexicans, Argentineans, Ecuadorians and Bolivians), the Internet and television news are the two most important media for information about Brazil. Therefore, the media performs one important role in the Brazilian image formation in Latin America
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Motsi, Terence. "The Influence of National Stereotypes on Country Image and Product Country Image: A Social Identity and Consumer Culture Theory Approach". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1472244770.

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Ma, Siyuan. "To Utopianize the Mundane: Sound and Image in Country Musicals". Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6112.

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Many consider music, songs, and dance performance as utopian signifiers for cinema, but few has entered the utopian discourse of country musicals, a small genre of cinema usually known as country music films. By closely scrutinizing Pure Country (1992), this thesis aims to reveal how country music—as music numbers and as background cues— integrate and connect the fragmented on-screen world for the country musicals so as to offer audiences a fullness of utopian experience, and how this utopian effect are culturally significant for American audiences due to country music’s unique mechanism of constructing utopia and nostalgia in its past-orientations, sentimentalities, and alleged authenticities. I argue because of the American country music’s internal need for utopia as an individual and social agent, Pure Country, as well as the neo-traditionalism country music defined by Pure Country, reconciles the pop and the old time country music, and also conciliates the tension expressed in such music tastes between the rural and urban communities. This reconciliation makes Pure Country a not so perfect cinematic text for documenting country music’s authenticity and origin, but fully and clearly reflects the utopian meaning of country music on an individual and social level.
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Brukienė, Justė. "Prekės kilmės šalies efektas ir nacionalinis įvaizdis". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20090908_192046-96817.

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Iki šiol nėra vieningos nuomonės, kaip turėtų būti apjungta prekės kilmės šalies efekto vertinimo koncepcijų ir principų įvairovė. Todėl metodologiniais ir praktinės vadybos tikslais būtina vieninga prekės kilmės šalies efekto įvertinimo metodika, sudaranti sąlygas atsižvelgti į šio efekto įvairiapusiškumą ir įtaką vartotojų elgsenoje. Atsižvelgiant į problemos aktualumą, numatomas darbo tikslas yra dvejopas ir susijęs su nurodyta prekės kilmės šalies efekto vertinimo krypčių ir metodų įvairove: 1) išskirti vieningą metodiką prekės kilmės šalies efekto ir nacionalinio įvaizdžio vertinimui vartotojų elgsenos procesuose; 2) apibrėžti galimas pasiūlyto modelio pritaikymo kryptis verslo praktikoje. Siekiant nurodytų darbo tikslų ir sutelkiant dėmesį į vieningos kilmės šalies efekto vertinimo metodikos nustatymą, apibrėžiami šie darbo uždaviniai: a) atlikti teorinių šaltinių (literatūros) ir empirinių tyrimų, nagrinėjančių prekės kilmės šalies efektą ir šalies įvaizdžio įtaką vartotojų elgsenoje, analizę, b) išskirti pagrindinius prekės kilmės šalies efekto vertinimo elementus ir principus, remiantis pagrindinėmis šalies įvaizdžio koncepcijos nuostatomis, c) apibrėžti vieningą teorinį prekės kilmės šalies efekto vertinimo modelį, d) pateikti galimus siūlomo prekės kilmės šalies efekto vertinimo modelio pritaikymo sprendimus Lietuvos verslo aplinkai. Siekiant apibrėžtų uždavinių įvykdymo, šiame tiriamajame teoriniame-metodologiniame darbe atliekant literatūros šaltinių bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
This graduation paper researches the phenomenon of country-of-origin effect with the two-fold aim to define a unified model for the COO effect evaluation and identify model application opportunities in the business reality. This identification of the aim of the paper has led to the following objectives of the study: · to present an in-depth analysis of theoretical concepts and models related to the COO effect and identify main trends in the scientific COO research, · to identify essential principals of the COO effect evaluation in regard to consumer behaviour; · to integrate main theoretical and empirical aspects of the phenomenon in a unified hypothetical model; · to propose opportunities for model application in Lithuanian business. In order to achieve the stated aim and given objectives, the object of research was defined as COO effect and the following methodology was selected: (1) content analysis of empirical research to be carried out, (2) theoretical analysis of theories related to COO to be conveyed, (3) synthesis of empirical and theoretical dimensions in a unified COO model, (4) a pilot study to be carried out to define the existence of the COO effect in regard to Lithuanian consumers. Part 1 of the paper discloses major theoretical and empirical concepts related to the COO effect. Analytical approach is used in Part 2 to view theoretical and empirical approaches to the evaluation of COO effect in consumer behaviour. Part 3 of the paper covers pilot research as an... [to full text]
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Lamelas, Maria del Carmen lopez. "Conceptualising and measuring the influence of corporate image on country of origin image : the case of Spain". Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5560.

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Place branding scholars and practitioners increasingly highlight the influence that corporate image can exert on the image of the country of origin (COI). Yet, there is remarkably little theoretical and empirical research on this influence. In this qualitative and quantitative study the researcher aims (1) to analyse whether corporate image affects COI; (2) to identify consumer-related and company-related factors that affect the influence of corporate image on COI; (3) to examine the influence of corporate image- (net valence and consistency) and corporate-related factors (number of corporate brands and accessibility) on COI; (4) to investigate the moderating effects of corporate familiarity, business familiarity and consumer ethnocentrism on the influence of corporate image-related factors on COI; and (5) to describe the COI not only in terms of lists of attributes, but also in terms of holistic impressions. This study focuses on the case of Spain and is based on empirical evidence provided by undertaking, firstly, in-depth interviews with 13 place branding experts and, secondly, a face-to-face survey of 300 British people aged 18 and over living in London or Greater London, selected using a multi-stage area sampling technique. The findings reveal (1) the statistically significant positive impact of corporate image on one dimension of COI (political beliefs); (2) six consumer-related (awareness of the corporate brand’s COO; power of the corporate brand image; strength of the corporate brand-country association; brand image fit; brand image unfit; strength of the industry-country association) and four company-related (extent to which the company plays up or down its COO; the company’s international and market visibility; the number of corporate brands operating in the market) factors that influence the impact of corporate image on COI; (3) that corporate image- and corporate-related factors explain collectively 10 per cent or over of variance in the affective dimensions of COI and a smaller proportion of variance in the cognitive dimensions of COI; (4) that business familiarity has a significant effect moderating the influence of net valence on COI; and (5) that tourism is the dominant element of the image that British people have of Spain. Theoretical (conceptual model, first study testing the influence of corporate image on COI) and managerial (guidelines for selecting corporate brands to be included in country branding campaigns) implications of these findings are considered, and finally, limitations of the study and future research directions are suggested.
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Svensson, Elin, i Amanda Karlsson. "The Swedish Country of Origin Effect : The influence of the Swedish country image on brands promotion strategy". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106076.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore how the country image influences Swedish brands in their promotion strategy. The thesis will explore what underlying factors come to influence the country of origin effect in the brands promotion and which cues are used when communicating their origin with consumers. To address the purpose of the thesis, the following question will be answered: How does the country of origin influence Swedish brands in their promotion strategy?In regard to the research question and purpose, the theoretical framework includes previous studies related to different dimensions of country of origin and the effect it has on consumer affinity, different stereotypes regarding country image as well as different COO-strategies. To answer the research question, this thesis contains a qualitative research approach, with an inductive method and a multiple case study design. We interviewed 3 companies, within 3 different product categories which gave us valuable insights regarding how the Swedishness is communicated to consumers and how the Swedish country image is perceived internationally on different product categories. An analysis was made with the empirical findings together with the theoretical framework, with comparisons between the companies as well as pointing out differences and similarities between the case companies. The overall findings from this thesis is that Sweden holds a positive image internationally and that it is beneficial for companies to promote their Swedishness. The different companies also emphasize different cues in their promotion, to get a match between product category and country image, hence use the Swedishness in different ways.
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Celis, Sonia. "Sveriges image som varumärkesstrategi : En studie om hur bageriföretag använder sig av Sveriges image för att förstärka sitt varumärke". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30968.

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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur bageriföretag använder sig av Sveriges image och vilka egenskaper kopplas till deras varumärke. Vidare vill denna studie skapa förståelse på hur ett lands image kan användas som en varumärkesstrategi. Studiens resultat visar att svenska bageriföretag använder sig av olika svenska egenskaper som den svenska flaggan, svensk text och svenska symboler som älgar för att kommunicera deras svenska ursprung i utländska marknader. De intervjuade företag visar att det mest direkta sättet att påverka kommunikationen av deras svenska ursprung är genom förpackningar av deras produkter. Det svenska ursprunget av företagets varumärke och produkter kan ge konkurrensfördelar och hjälpa deras produkter att sticka ut från mängden i marknader som har en positiv respons för svenska livsmedelsprodukter.
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Capellaro, Angélica Ferreira. "O desenvolvimento de marcas setoriais no Brasil: uma análise comparativa". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96132/tde-23012014-135304/.

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Algumas características de um produto ou serviço podem ser facilmente reproduzidas, contudo o valor de uma marca é um ativo intangível que as empresas buscam e que possibilita a diferenciação em relação aos demais concorrentes de mercado. Muitos estudos analisam outra interferência no processo de decisão de compra: a influência de informações a respeito do país de origem de um bem ou serviço nas atitudes do consumidor (chamada de \"efeito país de origem\"). O efeito país de origem está relacionado à imagem de um país, bem como à sua marca. Muitas empresas, tentando aproveitar o potencial da imagem de seu país de origem, utilizam as marcas de países com o intuito de alavancar suas atividades, ou ainda utilizam uma marca setorial relacionada à imagem de seu país. A presente pesquisa analisou estudos realizados sobre a construção de marcas setoriais e, em virtude dos poucos casos relatados na literatura que abordaram o processo de criação e gestão da marca, a fim de, dessa forma, contribuir para o desenvolvimento teórico desse tipo de estratégia de marca. A pesquisa de campo foi exploratória e qualitativa, sendo utilizados dados secundários e entrevistas em profundidade com agentes da Apex-Brasil, bem como do INPI e de consultores atuantes na área, para a compreensão e aprofundamento da temática. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo, juntamente com a triangulação dos dados. Como resultados das análises concluiu-se que os processos de desenvolvimentos de marcas setoriais ainda estão em fase de implantação e que a marca têm sido utilizada apenas para alavancar exportações.
Some products\' or services\' characteristics can be easily reproduced, although the brand equity is an intangible asset sought out by the companies and that allows differentiation from other competitors in the market. Many studies analyze interference in the buying decision process: the influence of information about the goods\' or services\' country of origin in consumer\'s attitudes (the so-called \"country of origin effect\"). The country of origin effect is related to the country\'s image as well as its brand. Many companies, trying to benefit from their country of origin image, use brands containing the name of their country in order to leverage their activities. They can also use an industry brand related to their country image. This study intends to analyze in detail some studies about industry\'s brands (or sector brands) because of the few cases reported in the literature about the branding strategy. It also aims to contribute to the theoretical development of this kind of brand strategy, through the purpose of a method for sector branding that could be replicated in different industries and countries. The field research will be exploratory and qualitative, including the use of secondary data and in-depth interviews with Apex-Brasil\'s and INPI\'s agents and consultants to understand the research theme. The data analysis included content analysis and methodological triangulation. The results of the analysis was concluded that the development processes of sector brands are still in the implementation phase and that the mark has been used only to boost exports.
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Książki na temat "Country image"

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Buhmann, Alexander. Measuring Country Image. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3.

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Chansarkar, B. A. Product preferences and country image. London: Middlesex University, 1993.

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Phillips, Jock. A man's country?: The image of the Pakeha male : a history. Auckland, N.Z: Penguin Books, 1996.

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Piercing the ground: Balgo women's image making and relationship to country. Fremantle, W.A: Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 2003.

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Knight, John. Trust and country image: Perceptions of European food distributors regarding factors that could enhance or damage New Zealand's image - including GMOs. Otago: University of Otago, 2003.

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Ronan, Denis Mark. The changing nature of Spanish image and of the country-of-origin image of Spanish brands: Perceptions of multi-chain supermarket managers. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1993.

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Paszyński, Marian. Poland's image in the EU after big bang enlargement and post-electoral changes in the country. Warsaw: Foreign Trade Research Institute, 2006.

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Pierce, Conor. An analysis of Irish and Danish perceptions and product preferences arising from 'Country of Origin' image. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1994.

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Keegan, Ruth. A cross national investigation of Ireland's country image and its influence on consumer perceptions of Irish products. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1994.

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Wang, Ching-Han. The impact of country-of-origin and brand image on consumers' perceived quality: Take mobile phone in Taiwan for example. [S.l: The Author], 2004.

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Części książek na temat "Country image"

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Buhmann, Alexander. "Introduction". W Measuring Country Image, 17–26. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3_1.

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Buhmann, Alexander. "Towards an integrative model of the country image". W Measuring Country Image, 27–47. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3_2.

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Buhmann, Alexander. "A variance-based approach for PR measurement and evaluation". W Measuring Country Image, 49–79. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3_3.

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Buhmann, Alexander. "From model to measurement". W Measuring Country Image, 81–100. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3_4.

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Buhmann, Alexander. "The constitution and effects of country image and identity". W Measuring Country Image, 101–17. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3_5.

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Buhmann, Alexander. "Conclusion". W Measuring Country Image, 119–32. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15407-3_6.

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Hoelzl, Ingrid, i Rémi Marie. "Chapter 9 / Travelling to the Warlpiri Country". W Common Image, 117–22. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839459393-011.

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Campo, Sara, i Maria Dolores Alvarez. "Consumer Animosity and Affective Country Image". W Co-Creation and Well-Being in Tourism, 119–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44108-5_10.

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Sun, Qin, i Audhesh Paswan. "Country Resources, Country Image and Tourism: A Panel Data Analysis". W The Sustainable Global Marketplace, 247. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10873-5_139.

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Gyáni, Gábor. "Image and reality of a divided country". W A Nation Divided by History and Memory, 39–55. New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge histories of Central and Eastern Europe: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003024934-4.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Country image"

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Martynova, Irina Anatolyevna. "STEREOTYPES IN COUNTRY IMAGE FORMATION". W Российская наука: актуальные исследования и разработки. Самара: Самарский государственный экономический университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2021.02-1-199/202.

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In, Zhuyuy. "Interconnection between the terms "soft power", "country brand" and "country image" in political communication". W VIII International applied research conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-111382.

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Hongmei, Xi, i Wang Jingyu. "Building Country Image and Upgrading China's Apparel Industry". W 2010 International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering (ICIII). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciii.2010.415.

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Stoleriu, Oana Mihaela. "ROMANIA�S COUNTRY IMAGE IN TOURISM TV COMMERCIALS". W 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b22/s7.111.

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Haşıloğlu, Selçuk Burak. "Determination of Country of Origin Image with Fuzzy Set Theory". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00471.

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As foreign trade has become more spread, the country of production and even the origin of the raw material used in the production has become an important factor. Mentioning the country of origin on the label of the product dates back to World War-I when “Good product sells itself” understanding is dominant. In this study, the image of country of origin was evaluated with fuzzy set theory. Fuzzy sets theory lays foundation for the methods used in the solution of relative and uncertain problems. As image evaluation is a relative issue, these methods were used in our study. The first phase in the study model is data collection. Data collected was used to determine image factors, calculate factor loads (weights) and order alternatives. In the determination of image factors Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM) method was employed. To calculate factor and alternative weights Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used. In the phase of ordering of alternatives which are called product group elements both Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method were employed. TOPSIS is based on the main principle of similarity to ideal solution and is employed to solve problem and make decision. In our study FCM, Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS methods were used in stages, analyses were performed and solutions were developed. In the final part, there are evaluations with regard to which product group will be more effective when which image is minimized.
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Brodowsky, Glen H., Camille P. Schuster i Beverlee B. Anderson. "COUNTRY IMAGE AS COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: THE ASIAN ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY". W 3rd Annual International Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (IE 2013). Global Science and Technology Forum Pte Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2038_ie13.32.

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Ryu, Jay Sang, Mikael Andéhn i Patrick L’Espoir-Decosta. "THE EFFECT OF PRODUCT IMAGE ON COUNTRY IMAGE: THE CASE OF SOUTH KOREA". W Bridging Asia and the World: Globalization of Marketing & Management Theory and Practice. Global Alliance of Marketing & Management Associations, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15444/gmc2014.10.08.04.

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Zhou, Ziyong, i Na Cong. "Multifractal based country road information extraction from Geoeye-1 image". W 2011 19th International Conference on Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/geoinformatics.2011.5980764.

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Reichert, Michael. "Home Country Effect in Industrial Markets Does it Pay to Rely on Country Image for Domestically Produced Industrial Goods?" W Annual International Conference on Enterprise Marketing and Globalization (EMG 2016). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2098_emg16.12.

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"Image Building of Political Party of Big Country in New Era". W 2018 2nd International Conference on Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/ssah.2018.048.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Country image"

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Jin, Byoungho, Moudi O. Almousa, Heesoon Yang, Naeun Kim i Maria Gil Del Altcazar. Mediating Role of Micro Country Image on Purchase Intention by Product Category and by Country. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, listopad 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1695.

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Jin, Byoungho, Heesoon Yang, Naeun Kim i Minji Jung. The role of prototypical brand image on shaping country image and product quality evaluation: A cross-cultural examination. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1782.

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Woo, Hongjoo, Byoungho Jin i Bharath Ramkumar. Apparel Products from a Country Not Known for Apparel: The Halo Effects of Country Image and Well-known Product Category. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, listopad 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-192.

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Cerviño, Julio, i Jaime Rivera-Camino. A model for predicting attitudes towards spanish product, brands and country image: An exploratory international study. CENTRUM Catolica Graduate Business School, grudzień 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7835/ccwp-2015-12-0026.

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van Zummeren-Moreno, Guillermo, i Rosario Haro. No-Do en la construcción de imagen marca país en el primer franquismo (1943-1951)/No-Do in the construction of Country Brand Image in the first Francoism (1943-1951). Revista Internacional de Relaciones Publicas, grudzień 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5783/rirp-18-2019-03-29-52.

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Ramkumar, Bharath, i Byoungho Jin. The Effect of Trust, Transaction Utility, and Product Uniqueness on International Online Outshopping (IOO) Intention and Customer Delight: The Role of E-tailer's Country Image. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1808.

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Lee, W. S., Victor Alchanatis i Asher Levi. Innovative yield mapping system using hyperspectral and thermal imaging for precision tree crop management. United States Department of Agriculture, styczeń 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598158.bard.

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Original objectives and revisions – The original overall objective was to develop, test and validate a prototype yield mapping system for unit area to increase yield and profit for tree crops. Specific objectives were: (1) to develop a yield mapping system for a static situation, using hyperspectral and thermal imaging independently, (2) to integrate hyperspectral and thermal imaging for improved yield estimation by combining thermal images with hyperspectral images to improve fruit detection, and (3) to expand the system to a mobile platform for a stop-measure- and-go situation. There were no major revisions in the overall objective, however, several revisions were made on the specific objectives. The revised specific objectives were: (1) to develop a yield mapping system for a static situation, using color and thermal imaging independently, (2) to integrate color and thermal imaging for improved yield estimation by combining thermal images with color images to improve fruit detection, and (3) to expand the system to an autonomous mobile platform for a continuous-measure situation. Background, major conclusions, solutions and achievements -- Yield mapping is considered as an initial step for applying precision agriculture technologies. Although many yield mapping systems have been developed for agronomic crops, it remains a difficult task for mapping yield of tree crops. In this project, an autonomous immature fruit yield mapping system was developed. The system could detect and count the number of fruit at early growth stages of citrus fruit so that farmers could apply site-specific management based on the maps. There were two sub-systems, a navigation system and an imaging system. Robot Operating System (ROS) was the backbone for developing the navigation system using an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). An inertial measurement unit (IMU), wheel encoders and a GPS were integrated using an extended Kalman filter to provide reliable and accurate localization information. A LiDAR was added to support simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms. The color camera on a Microsoft Kinect was used to detect citrus trees and a new machine vision algorithm was developed to enable autonomous navigations in the citrus grove. A multimodal imaging system, which consisted of two color cameras and a thermal camera, was carried by the vehicle for video acquisitions. A novel image registration method was developed for combining color and thermal images and matching fruit in both images which achieved pixel-level accuracy. A new Color- Thermal Combined Probability (CTCP) algorithm was created to effectively fuse information from the color and thermal images to classify potential image regions into fruit and non-fruit classes. Algorithms were also developed to integrate image registration, information fusion and fruit classification and detection into a single step for real-time processing. The imaging system achieved a precision rate of 95.5% and a recall rate of 90.4% on immature green citrus fruit detection which was a great improvement compared to previous studies. Implications – The development of the immature green fruit yield mapping system will help farmers make early decisions for planning operations and marketing so high yield and profit can be achieved.
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Go, Eugenia, Kentaro Nakajima, Yasuyuki Sawada i Kiyoshi Taniguchi. On the Use of Satellite-Based Vehicle Flows Data to Assess Local Economic Activity: The Case of Philippine Cities. Asian Development Bank, marzec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220079-2.

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Satellite image-derived vehicle counts were used to measure local economic activity following the opening of the new terminal at the Mactan-Cebu International Airport in the Philippines. Results reveal that the terminal’s opening has had positive impacts on Cebu’s local economy. A comparison of the vehicle count measure with luminosity-derived metrics suggests that the former is better at capturing seasonal and spatial variations in treatment effects, especially for beach tourism activities in Cebu.
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Temple, Dorota S., Jason S. Polly, Meghan Hegarty-Craver, James I. Rineer, Daniel Lapidus, Kemen Austin, Katherine P. Woodward i Robert H. Beach III. The View From Above: Satellites Inform Decision-Making for Food Security. RTI Press, sierpień 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.rb.0021.1908.

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Despite notable progress in reducing global poverty and hunger in recent decades, about one out of nine people in the world suffers from hunger and malnutrition. Stakeholders charged with making decisions pertaining to agricultural production, development priorities, and policies at a region-to-country scale require quantitative and up-to-date information on the types of crops being cultivated, the acreage under cultivation, and crop yields. However, many low- and middle-income countries lack the infrastructure and resources for frequent and extensive agricultural field surveys to obtain this information. Technology supports a change of paradigm. Traditional methods of obtaining agricultural information through field surveys are increasingly being augmented by images of the Earth acquired through sensors placed on satellites. The continued improvement in the resolution of satellite images, the establishment of open-access infrastructure for processing of the images, and the recent revolutionary progress in artificial intelligence make it feasible to obtain the information at low cost and in near-to-real time. In this brief, we discuss the use of satellite images to provide information about agricultural production in low-income countries, and we comment on research challenges and opportunities. We highlight the near-term potential of the methodology in the context of Rwanda, a country in sub-Saharan Africa whose government has recognized early the value of information technology in its strategic planning for food security and sustainability.
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Jin, Byoungho, Moudi Almousa, Heesoon Yang, Naeun Kim i Maria Gil. Asymmetrical Roles of Macro and Micro Country Images on Saudi Consumers' Purchase Intention. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, listopad 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1322.

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