Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „COSUMERS”

Globalmente, a quantidade de energia utilizada na agricultura tem vindo aumentar crucialmente com as novas tecnologias. E a Península Ibérica não é excepção a esta realidade. Desta forma, o trabalho que se segue consiste na realização de cartas de previsão de consumo energético em estufas nos Países da Península Ibérica, que visam a sustentabilidade energética anual das culturas do tomate, do pepino e da alface, utilizando o simulador climático de estufas (SCE). Os modelos climáticos são ferramentas eficazes que permitem prever as condições ambientais do interior das estufas, em função das condições ambientais externas, das características da cultura e das características da estrutura e do equipamento das estufas. Possibilitando também a análise das necessidades energéticas das culturas em condições predefinidas. O SCE usa os valores médios mensais da temperatura, da velocidade do vento, da radiação solar e da humidade relativa de uma série de anos, simulando as médias horárias de um dia médio para cada mês e local. Como input do SCE requer os dados climáticos, as características da estufa, os equipamentos de climatização e as características da cultura. Para o balanço energético é utilizado um modelo climático complexo estático com definição físico-matemático que se baseia na transferência de calor e de massa. Os resultados do SCE indicam as necessidades máximas mensais de aquecimento e de arrefecimento das diferentes zonas de produção durante um ano médio em estufas de plástico. Em que consideraram-se temperaturas de referências das culturas para os diferentes sistemas de climatização, variando 1 e 2 °C. Uma vez, cientes da importância da redução dos consumos energéticos e a melhoria da eficiência de utilização da energia, aspectos de elevada importância quer no que diz respeito à redução dos custos de produção, bem como dos impactos negativos no meio ambiente, este trabalho tem como intuito ajudar o agricultor na tomada de decisão dos recursos a utilizar para reduzir os gastos energéticos das culturas; ABSTRACT: Globally, the amount of energy used in agriculture has increased with the new technologies. And the Iberian Peninsula is not exception to this reality. This work presents the results of the study conducted for several regions in the Peninsula Iberian Countries concerning the energy consumptions in greenhouses for tomato, cucumber and lettuce crops, using the Greenhouse Climatic Simulator (GCS). The models climatic are an effective tool which allows the simulation of inside environmental conditions as function of external conditions, construction and environmental control equipment characteristics. They also permit to analyze the energy consumption necessary to obtain the predefined conditions. GCS uses mensal mean weather data of several years of solar radiation, temperature, wind speed and relative humidity. A climate generator computes the mean hourly climatic data of a typical day for each month and location. As inputs GCS requires data related with the greenhouse characteristics, environmental control equipment and the crop. For the energy balance a static complex model is used which is based on the physics of heat and mass transfer. The results show the energy consumption due to the heating system in each of the studied locations, as well the heat dissipated by the cooling system along a mean year, for year round production in plastic greenhouses. This is used to estimate energetic consumption indicators which allow generating predictive maps. It is an interesting tool which may contribute to the grower's decision making and to the reduction of energy consumption, helping to lower production costs and environmental impacts.

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
It is an ethnographic work that has an objective of verifying devices throngh the residents of a low income suburban area, and the way they deal with their social relations through sonsumerism (and the aspiration connected to it), the symbolic character acquired through consumer goods, understood as one of the fundamental components for the comprehension of the web as relations that established, Though consumerism, individuais will reveal ways of communication, of the status, of creating new forms of action and identification. Using the principal that believes in a web of symbolic significance where own individuais develop their impressions, as a resource to look at their own bodies, a social order (yet unstable), and the process of inclusion in a broader society. In conclusion, the act of consuming is more than a perspective that establishes statistics on consumer goods, with their ways of production, circulation and economic functioning: it is also a way of perceiving a collection mapped by consumers individually and socially, and by those means organizing, classifying and identifyring the social world
Trata-se de trabalho etnogr?fico cujo objetivo ? verificar os dispositivos por meio dos quais os moradores de uma ?rea perif?rica de baixa renda se pensam e pensam suas rela??es sociais a partir do consumo (e das aspira??es conexas), do car?ter simb?lico adquirido pelos bens entendidos como componentes fundamentais para a compreens?o da teia de rela??es que se estabelecem. Atrav?s do consumo revelar-se-? como os indiv?duos se comunicam, concedem status, criam novas formas de a??o e se identificam. Parte-se do princ?pio de que consume est? amarrado a uma teia de significados simb?licos em que os pr?prios indiv?duos tecem suas impress?es, destacando-o como um recurso para pensar o pr?prio corpo, a ordem social (ainda que inst?vel) e o processo de inser??o na sociedade mais ampla. Sendo assim, o ato de consumir ? mais do que uma perspectiva que estabelece quadros estat?sticos sobre bens de consumo com suas formas de produ??o, circula??o e funcionamento econ?mico: ? tamb?m uma forma de perceber o repert?rio com o qual os consumidores mapeiam as opera??es individuais e sociais, ordenando, classificando e identificando o mundo social

Com este trabalho de investigação, pretendeu‐se estudar o consumidor e o produtor de vinho do Alentejo, fazendo um estudo de mercado, a nível nacional, para o consumo, e um estudo a nível regional para a quase totalidade dos produtores. Com estes duos vertentes pretendeu‐se: o Analisar a região vitivinícola do Alentejo e as suas sub‐regiões, particularmente as perceções e preferências que os consumidores têm relativamente a tais sub‐regiões; Avaliar as atitudes e as escolhas dos consumidores relativamente ao vinho das sub‐regiões do Alentejo; Estabelecer uma relação entre perceções face ao consumo de vinho e as sub‐regiões; Classificar atributos por parte dos consumidores; Caracterizar e definir os principais pontos‐chave da evolução do vinho do Alentejo por parte dos produtores. A metodologia adotada para atingir os objetivos inclui dois estádios: um primeiro, onde o estudo exploratório com recurso a fontes secundárias de informação disponíveis foi a opção escolhida. Com este foi possível obter um conjunto mais vasto de informação e conhecimento relativo ao tema em estudo. No segundo estádio, realizado através do estudo descritivo, foram construídos os instrumentos de análise a aplicar, definida a forma de recolha da informação e aplicados os inquéritos aos consumidores e realizadas as entrevistas aos produtores. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os vinhos com denominações de origem são os mais conhecidos; onde a confiança e os níveis de qualidade do produto são a principal razão pelo qual se efetua a compra. Os consumidores da amostra revelam que existe um conhecimento das marcas de vinho do Alentejo direcionado apenas para um pequeno conjunto de marcos: tem muita falta de conhecimento relativamente aos designativos de qualidade, castas e metodologias de produção existentes. Por fim, tentou‐se ainda definir a linha evolutiva de marketing a nível dos produtores de vinho do Alentejo e exsudouse a convergência ou divergência por parte do consumo em relação à produção. /ABSTRACT ‐ Hit this investigation work, in the area of marketing, it was intended to study the consumer and the producer of wine of the Alentejo region by making a study of the market, at the national level for the consumption, and, at the regional level, studying almost all the producers. With these two directions of analysis it was meant: to analyze the viticulture and winemaking region of Alentejo and its sub‐regions, particularly the perceptions and preferences that the consumers have relatively to such sub‐regions; to relatively evaluate the attitudes and the choices of the consumers towards the wine of each subregion of Alentejo; o to establish a relation between perceptions of wine consumption and the sub‐regions; to classify attributes on the part of the consumers; to, on the part of the producers, characterize and define the main key‐points in the evolution of the winemaking of AIentejo. The methodology adopted to reach the objectives defined includes two phases a first one, where an exploratory study using the available secondary sources of information was the chosen option, where it was possible to get a vaster set of information and relative knowledge to the subject in study. In the second phase, performed through a descriptive study, the analysis instruments to apply were constructed, the form of retraction of the information was defined and the inquiries to the consumers were applied and carried through the interviews to the producers. The results obtained showed that the wines with origin certification are the most known; where the confidence and the levels of product quality are the main reason for the purchase. The consumers in the sample disclose that there is knowledge of the brands of Alentejo wine focused on a small set of the existing brands; the sample showed a lack of knowledge of the official quality designations, of the varieties and of the existing methodologies of production. I also tried to define the evolution of the marketing in the Alentejo producers and, finally his convergence or divergence on the part of the consumption in relation to the production was also studied.

Orientador: Alessandro Lia Mondelli
Resumo: A relação do médico com o paciente é uma relação de consumo. E com base na proteção consumerista, todas às obrigações do fornecedor de serviço devem ser obedecidas sob pena de responsabilização. Apesar da discussão quanto às naturezas das obrigações conforme responsabilidade de meio e fim, ou de natureza objetiva e subjetiva; todas as atuações profissionais conforme a legislação - independente de curativa ou estética – incidem regras do direito do consumidor. A crescente judicialização e processos iniciados contra médicos demonstra o desconhecimento da legislação aplicável. Em confronto aparente de normas ente o Código de Defesa do Consumidor vigente, que se apresenta como incidente, e o Código de Ética Médica, afirmando categoricamente não se tratar de relação de consumo prevalece, para o direito, indiscutivelmente aquele. E os Tribunais Estaduais e o Superior Tribunal de Justiça pacificamente entendem desta forma. Juntamente com a relação de consumo, várias obrigações comumente não entendidas pelos profissionais da medicina como sendo obrigatórios, passam, portanto, trazer consequências. Elas têm sido alvo de declarações de indenização. Neste aspecto particular surgem situações para o fornecedor, profissional médico, como prestação de contas, prestação de orçamento, obrigação da informação completa e possibilidade de inversão do ônus da prova no processo. Ademais, não tem validade na prática, cláusulas como, não indenizar, consentimento genérico, escolha do foro para questõ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The doctor's relationship with the patient is a relationship of consumption. And based on consumer protection, all obligations of the service provider must be obeyed under penalty of liability. In spite of the discussion about the nature of the obligations as responsibility of means and ends, or of objective and subjective nature; according to the legislation, all medical professional performances - regardless of curative or aesthetic - affect consumer rights rules. The increasing judicialization and proceedings against physicians demonstrates the lack of knowledge of the applicable legislation. In an apparent conflict of norms between the current Consumer Defense Code, which is presented as an incident, and the Code of Medical Ethics, categorically stating that it is not a relation of consumption, it indisputably prevails. And the State Courts and the Superior Court of Justice peacefully understand this way. Along with the relationship of consumption, several obligations commonly not understood by medical professionals as being mandatory, therefore, have consequences. They have been the subject of compensation claims. In this particular aspect, there have been situations for the supplier, for the medical professional, such as accountability, provision of budget, full information obligation and possibility of reversing the burden of proof in the process. In addition, clauses such as, no indemnification, generic consent, choice of forum for legal issues, transfer of liability ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

This thesis explores the effect of packaging material (matte vs glossy) on consumers’ purchase intention and willingness to pay for luxury product and how environmental concern influences this relationship. First, the results show that for consumers with higher environmental concern, matte (vs glossy) material of the packaging increases the purchase intention. Next, the sample failed to predict preferences of consumers characterized by low environmental concern. Also, this study shows that environmental concern does not influence the relationship between the packaging material and willingness to pay. At the end, managerial implications, identified limitations and possible future research are discussed.

碩士
中華大學
企業管理學系碩士班
99
In the end of 2007, Amazon Online Bookstorereleased the very first e- book reader; subsequently, the tablet PC and e-book readers gradually changed the way we seek infor-mation and absorb knowledge. By comparison, the domestic market of e-paper and e-book, though numerous corporations have put effort into the development and associated tech-niques, is in its infancy. Moreover, most domestic consumers are still uncertain about the capabilities and prospects of e-book in current stage. In this present study, we aim to inves-tigate the principal factors that affect the consumers’ willingness to use e-book. The methodology involved in the study is based on the theory of innovation adoption, including the fact proposed by Holak (1988) that product attributes, consumer characteris-tics and environmental variables affect the consumers’ willingness of adoption respectively. This research carried out a questionnaire survey; subjects consisted of office workers and students in Taichung area. Three hundred valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed using descriptive statistics, regression analysis and data analysis. Based on the results, it is suggested that the environmental concerns of the consumers’ characteristics is the domi-nant factor affecting the consumers’ willingness; following affecting factors are relative advantage of new product attributes, product trial and peer relationship factors of environ-mental variables.

From a very long time, marketers keep on researching for several techniques to develop, and maintain brand loyalty of their customers. It is one of the central themes for marketers. The most recent sources for the creating, developing and thereby maintaining brand loyalty is the social media marketing. The goal of this study is to identify the significant influence of social media branding on consumers, and considering the increasing attention of marketers and how the consumers respond to such social media market attempts. The scope of the study consists of consumers in Delhi – National Capital Region who follow at least few brands on the social media channels they frequently use to fetch information regarding their favorite brands. It also analyses the consumer perception of how the companies utilize the social media channels to achieve the consumer loyalty and brand recognition. The data were collected through various sources such as structured questionnaire. The sampling was narrowed down to 203 participants only. From the previous researches performed in the same domain, a few variables were identified and based on the current results, the analysis was performed along with the variables. The results of the research predict that majority of respondents love to interact with their favorite brands on their social media channels available across web & mobile domain. It further shows the growing influence of social media as a tool that leverages companies that may promote their brands by creating mass followers online. It also shows that brand loyalty of consumers is positively affected when the brand offers consumer centric campaigns, relevant content and markets its products on various social media platforms.

碩士
南開科技大學
福祉科技與服務管理所
98
For the past decades, ageing society has shown the meaning of remarkable achievement in human beings. However, the revolution of the elders has also resulted in great impact to the society. With the rapidly increasing population of the elders, markets related to the elders has been broadly developed worldwide, directly pushing the growth and disappearance of businesses, the adjustment of industries, and the change of commercial and consuming behaviors, as well as indirectly promoting the studies on the above issues. Pre-need Funeral Agreements in funerary service industry is considered the concept for prompt popularization. How to promote and practice the plan and arrangement of pre-need funerary services has become the important issue for individuals and the government. Since funerary service is eventually the essential consuming commodity for each person, this study, therefore, undertakes the research from consumers’ cognition and attitude to pre-need funeral agreements. The research method applies (1) interference and quantitative statistics of closure questionnaire with 200 samples, and (2) qualitative analysis and discussion of open questionnaire with 6 samples. The data collected from the above research methods is collated and analyzed systematically for conclusion and suggestions. The findings show that domestic consumers have insufficient cognition to pre-need funeral agreements and their attitudes are less active. Nonetheless, the potential of the market can not be neglected in comparison with advanced countries like the USA and Japan, with the key of the cooperation among governmental policies, industrial promotion, and consumer education. Suggestions are made as the follows. Regarding the development of pre-need funeral agreements, (1) bad habits of traditional funerary service industry should be reformed in order to protect consumers’ right of self-choice; (2) funeral insurance should be treated as compulsory insurance as done in the USA; (3) make it the public opinion to become a goal of life programming; (4) expect each citizen to face life and death seriously and bravely so as to advance the social status of the personnel in funerary service industry; (5) with the multiple value of life care, each citizen can possess a pre-need funeral agreement at an early date; and (6) life questionnaire CD, a derivative commodity from customer management enhancement and the relevant industries, should be actively researched and developed as marketing aid for the businesses. Referring to effective marketing, (1) life education in schools and societies should be re-enforced; (2) with the support of opinion leaders, make pre-need funeral agreements a public opinion; and (3) with enthusiastic collaboration among the government, the industry, and consumers, a three-win is created.

碩士
元智大學
企業管理學系
92
The present study is concerned with the moderating role of introspecting degree and presentation mode in the relationship between affective and cognitive focus and attitudes. Base on earlier research (Millar & Tesser, 1986 ) , thought may make either the affective or cognitive component of the attitude more salient. Consumer’s product attitudes are conceptualized as hedonic value and utilitarian value. We hypothesized that if doing more introspection, then thought emphasizing different components would lead to different general evaluations. And we also hypothesized that if real presentation is shown, then thought emphasizing different components would lead to different general evaluations. To test these hypothesizes, we developed 2*2*2 experiment. And the result is as predicted. Key words: introspection, attitude, presentation

碩士
國立雲林科技大學
休閒運動研究所碩士班
92
This research was to find out the consumer of Sport and Fitness Club about their store image, and will the image influence the repurchase willing in the future. The results from this study can serve as a guidepost for the sports and fitness club manager and related regulation to running and making their marketing strategy. This research used questionnaire method. The samples were gathered the consumer of Sport and Fitness Club from four downtown area including Tiapei, Taichung, Tainan and Kaohsiung. During the investigation period, 650 questionnaires were passed out. Among 608 questionnaires retrieved to be, 529 questionnaires were effective. Therefore, the efficient questionnaires had reached 78%.A questionnaire, which is set from others researchers and according to the specialist of the consumer of Sport and Fitness Club.It included the store image of Sport and Fitness Club scale, purchase behavior inquisition and personal information. After processing the data with descriptive statistics, explanatory facto analysis, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and stepwise multiple regression, we got the following generalization. 1.The consumer of Taipei were have higher score in 「Goods」and 「Space」dimension. In Taichung were 「Goods」and 「Convenience」dimension have higher score. The Tainan and Kaohsiung consumer especially high in 「Space」and 「Convenience」dimension. 2.Based on the all samples, the consumers of Taipei has the significance difference in 「Goods」and 「Service」 factor. The Taichung consumers has the significance difference in「Service」factor. Tainan consumers has all significance difference in four factors. The consumers of Kaohsiung has the significance difference in 「Convenience」and 「Service」factor. 3.The consumer of Sports and Fitness Club from four downtown areas has lower scores in satisfaction. And the feeling of the consumer in store image were quite the same. 4.Based on the all samples, the reasons that purchase the sports and fitness club were 「health」. The information source were always from friends, co-works and peer groups. The deficiency that the most unacceptable would be the bad attitude form the clubs. 5.According to the result, different gender, age, marriage state, education, career, income and entertainment expenditure has the different level of significance difference to the four factors of Sports and Fitness Club store image. 6.There is positive effection of the four factors which were「Goods」,「Service」,「Space」and「Convenience」to improve the Sports and Fitness Club store image . 7.The factor of the satifaction of「Space」and the importance of「Convenience」have the expectancy in statistic meaning to the repurchase willing.

碩士
長榮大學
經營管理研究所
95
At present the domestic feminine underwear market opportunity tended to maturely, approximately has 250 hundred million NT dollars every year the market scales. The conceptual of framework is based on E-K-B consumer behavior model. The research sees attributes of lingerie and consumer emographics as input variables. Market segmentation is based on life styles of users. Consumer behavior is described in several variables that affect the buying patters. The scope of questionnaire subjects includes owners and potential buyers. The questionnaires are collected from female having purchasing ability in tainan area. Factor analysis is employed for dimension reduction, The valid questionnaire volum is 414, then cluster analysis is applied for classification, and some statistical method, such as MANOVA, ANOVA, chi-squares are used to test the research hypothesis. The results show: lingerie consumers can be successfully segmented by lifestyle variable, such as “Ratzonality Fashion Buyer”, “Casual Buyer”, and “Prosaic Buyer”. The research further shows there existing significant difference between market segmentation in the following variables: income, information seeking and product attribute by chance exist significant difference.

碩士
文化大學
國際企業管理研究所
82
Brand loyalty is the most important factor that influence the consumer''''s really buying behavior. According to theory, the consumer'''' spersonality speciality and brand attitude have the probability of influence of his brand loyalty aiso. The paper try to analyze the subject matter to womanly colorful make-up. 　　Sampling the womankind consumer''''s living in Taipei and designing the questionnaire about the correlation between three variables and then analyzing the response, the study has found some information, and get the conclusions on study: 1.The influence of personality speciality on brand loyalty 　The regression results fail to support the hypotheses that consumer’s personality speciality has the influence on brand loyalty, because the study has not any statistically significat coefficient. After researching the difference of differences of the twelve personality specialities among seven brands, we also get the same weak support towards the extent. 2.The Influence of brand attitude on brand loyalty 　The results from the study to womanly colorful makeup strong evidence that the consumer''''s brand attitude has a direct relationship to the brand loyalty toward the extent. In the study, the coefficient for the brand attitude variable is positive and statistically significant.

碩士
中國文化大學
國際企業管理研究所
95
In recent years, the economic reform carried out by the authority of Mainland China has resulted in surprising growth of economic de-velopment, national income and the consumption level has been greatly upgraded. Immense business opportunities and markets in Mainland China have become the focus of the people’s intention all over the world. This study is aimed at the consumers in Amoy to probe into the impacts of fruit imports country-of-origin’s image and perceived price on consumers’ product evaluations and purchase in-tention. The conclusion of this study can be used as the reference for businessmen’s sale tactic. A six scenarios experiment is designed in this study（3“country-of-origin―high, middle, low image＂× 2“perceived price―high-priced, cheap＂）to test the effect of those variables on consumers’ product evaluation and purchase intention mentioned above. The topics below had been discussed: 1. the impact of country-of-origin and perceived price on per-ceived quality. 2. the impact of country-of-origin and perceived price on per-ceived sacrifice. 3. the impact of country-of-origin and perceived price on per-ceived value. 4. the impact of perceived quality, perceived sacrifice and per-ceived value on consumer’s purchase intention. On the basis of above study structure, 420 questionnaires were sent out for this study. 415 questionnaires were retrieved and 358 questionnaires are effective. The rate of effective retrieve is 85.2%. The results of those experiments show as following： 1. High country-of-origin’s image has an obvious impact. on consumer’s perceived quality, perceived sacrifice and perceived value. 2. High perceived price compared to low perceived price has no obvious impacts on perceived quality, but has very obvious impacts on perceived sacrifice and perceived value. 3. The interactions between country-of-origin and perceived price have obvious impacts on perceived quality, but have no obvious impacts on perceived sacrifice and perceived price. 4. Perceived quality, perceived sacrifice and perceived price have very obvious impacts on consumer’s purchase intention. Per-ceived quality and perceived value have positive impacts, while per-ceived sacrifice have negative impacts. Key word：country-of-origin、perceived price、product evaluation 、perceived quality、perceived sacrifice、perceived value、purchase intention

碩士
嘉南藥理科技大學
溫泉產業研究所
97
This research mainly analyze that if the tourists will come back again combined with plentiful natural environment around the Baolai hot spring area and the design of leisure facilities through the paper investigation. The researching scope is in the Baolai hot spring area in Kaohsiung. Through the attitude measurement, we can know "the tourist''s motive", "experience measure", and "cognition of eco-tourism". We interview the tourists here face to face, they filled it with the experience of Baolai hot spring area, and we analyzed and compile statisticed the paper by describing, reason, single-variation, etc. The finally results of this research are as the following. As for psychological aspect, tourists in Baolai “feel free, relaxed, and broad minded around the nature.” On the concrete experience, tourists here feel highly satisfied with “rich animal and plant resources.” In the cognition of eco-tourism the tourists identification in order are that “ Tourists here agreed highest that it''ll be better for adding the guiding arrangement, the second is that abundent resource of the animals and the plants, and the third is that arrangement of the hot spring hotel.consequently,the businessman of hot spring should link the guiding of daily life there and the production, the living, and the ecology of local culture, inrich the tourists'' experence. It will be a propaganda for the local culture and the importance of envirenmental protection. on the cognitive of the ecological travel. the highest are that "the natural ecology be damaged from the serious development of Humanbeings ", "tourists will support and join it as possible if the Baolai hot spring area add ecological guide", "i think the ecological travel is important in the tour plan","Baolai hot spring area must be protected because of the humanbeings and the wild animals". The activities plan of ecological travel should emphasize the educational activities like the ecological group and travel guiding, upgrating the degree of tourists'' agree of the natural environment and travel activities. Overall, most respondents agree that Baolai hot spring area can envelope the ecological travel, it''ll make tourists feel deeply experienced,improve the tourists'' revisit robability, make it sustainable developing. Through the Cross-analysis to this paper survey, discussed the different tourists'' revisit Probability,in the same time, the business of hot spring to appeal more tourists, it also can be a suggestion for government to promote the hot spring tourism industry.