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Sakuru, K. L. V. Sai Prakash, i N. Bheema Rao. "A Novel Interval-Based Protocol for Time Coordination in Wireless Sensor and IoT Networks – An Analytical Analysis". ECTI Transactions on Electrical Engineering, Electronics, and Communications 20, nr 2 (21.06.2022): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37936/ecti-eec.2022202.246901.
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This paper proposes a novel interval intersection-based protocol for time coordination in wireless sensor and IoT networks. The common notion of time amid the nodes in a distributed environment can be achieved through the message exchange process, which experiences random delay (send, access, propagation, and reception), thus making the time coordination process difficult. Several researchers have proposed algorithms to handle the error in estimation using various methods. This paper analytically analyzes the proposed novel unidirectional interval intersection method for mitigating the uncertainty in the interval width. The offset and slope estimation errors are then reduced under different conditions to verify the effectiveness of the proposed coordination algorithm. The model is simulated under three different delay models: uniform, normal, and truncated exponential. Their performance is then compared in terms of coordination efficiency.
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Grealy, Madeleine A., Cathy M. Craig, Christophe Bourdin i Simon G. Coleman. "Judging Time Intervals Using a Model of Perceptuo-Motor Control". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, nr 7 (wrzesień 2004): 1185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0898929041920478.
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Estimating a time interval and temporally coordinating movements in space are fundamental skills, but the relationships between these different forms of timing, and the neural processes that they incur, are not well understood. While different theories have been proposed to account for time perception, time estimation, and the temporal patterns of coordination, there are no general mechanisms which unify these various timing skills. This study considers whether a model of perceptuo-motor timing, the τGUIDE, can also describe how certain judgements of elapsed time are made. To evaluate this, an equation for determining interval estimates was derived from the τGUIDE model and tested in a task where participants had to throw a ball and estimate when it would hit the floor. The results showed that in accordance with the model, very accurate judgements could be made without vision (mean timing error 19.24 msec), and the model was a good predictor of skilled participants' estimate timing. It was concluded that since the τGUIDE principle provides temporal information in a generic form, it could be a unitary process that links different forms of timing.
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Wang, Ying, i Zongzhong Tian. "Efficient Original-Destination Bandwidth: A Novel Model for Arterial Traffic Signal Coordination". Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 53, nr 5 (15.11.2020): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.530503.
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This paper proposes an efficient origin-estimation bandwidth (OD band) model, which provides dedicated progression bands for arterial traffic based on the real-time dynamic matrix of their estimated OD pairs. The innovations of the OD band model are as follows: First, the dynamics of through and turning-in/out traffics are analyzed based on the matrix of their estimated OD pairs, and used to generate the traffic movement sequence at continuous intersections; Second, the end-time of green interval for lag-lag phase sequence at continuous intersections is determined according to the relevant constraints, the relationship between the start/end-time of green interval and the minimum/maximum green intervals; Third, the bandwidths of the two directions of the artery ware produced, after being weighted by their traffic demands. The intuitiveness, convenience, and feasibility of the OD band model were fully demonstrated through a case study. Overall, the OD band model helps to produce bi-directional progression bands for traffic with many turning movements on the artery, and enables the through and turning-in/out traffics to proceed through continuous intersections, when the signals at those intersections are green.
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Lewis, Craig D., Gerard L. Gebber, Sheng Zhong, Peter D. Larsen i Susan M. Barman. "Modes of Baroreceptor-Sympathetic Coordination". Journal of Neurophysiology 84, nr 3 (1.09.2000): 1157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1157.
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We tested the hypothesis that the cardiac-related rhythm in sympathetic nerve discharge (SND) results from the forcing of a central oscillator to the frequency of the heart beat by pulse-synchronous baroreceptor afferent nerve activity. For this purpose, time series analysis was used to examine the phase relations between the brachial arterial pulse (AP) and cardiac-related activity recorded from the postganglionic inferior cardiac sympathetic nerve (CN) in urethan-anesthetized cats. Specifically, we made cycle-by-cycle measurements of peak systolic blood pressure, heart period, CN burst amplitude, and the phase angle (and corresponding interval) between peak systole and the next peak of CN activity. As the steady-state level of systolic blood pressure was raised by increasing the rate of a constant intravenous infusion of phenylephrine, we observed transitions from no phase-locking of CN activity to the AP to either phase-locking of variable strength or phase walk through part of the cardiac-cycle on the time scale of respiration. Phase walk is defined as a progressive and systematic change in the phase lag of cardiac-related CN activity relative to peak systole. Raising blood pressure strengthened phase-locking and either increased or decreased the mean interval between peak systole and the next peak of CN activity even when the change in heart period was small. CN burst amplitude and the interval between peak systole and the next peak of CN activity were inversely related, but the strength of the relationship varied considerably with experimental conditions. The relationship was strongest during phase walk. Step-wise increases in blood pressure induced by abdominal aortic obstruction led to an abrupt increase in the phase lag of CN activity relative to peak systole even when heart rate was not changed. We refer to such changes as sharp phase transitions that are a general property of dynamical nonlinear systems. The results support the view that the cardiac-related rhythm in SND is a forced nonlinear oscillation rather than the consequence of periodic inhibition of randomly generated activity.
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Kong, Fannie, Jiahui Xia, Daliang Yang i Tianshun Lan. "Hydro-Turbine Coordination Power Predictive Method of Improved Multi-Layer Neural Network Considered Adaptive Anti-Normalisation Strategy". Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika 29, nr 1 (27.02.2023): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.eie.28599.
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Due to the limitation of economics and time cost, the data obtained from hydro-turbine coordination field test are insufficient to fully guide the setting of unit operating parameters. To enlarge the amount of data, realise power point tracking, and avoid the problems of high non-linearity with hydro-turbine physical model which is difficult to simulate in actual field, a mathematical prediction model is proposed based on an improved multi-layer neural network. Using the rule activation function, L2 regularisation, Adam optimiser and its gradient parameters are optimised by PSO algorithm in the prediction model. It is found that lacking true value in the process of anti-normalisation leads to difficulty for actual forecast of neural network. Therefore, an adaptive anti-normalisation strategy is proposed to improve the actual prediction accuracy, which can judge the value of the interval. According to the analysis of examples with hydro-turbine coordination and non-coordination test, the results show that the proposed prediction model and interval strategy can effectively forecast the coordination operating conditions of the turbine with high accuracy under small samples.
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Wang, Qiwei, Songqing Cheng, Shaohua Ma i Zhe Chen. "Multi-Time Interval Dynamic Optimization Model of New Energy Output Based on Multi-Energy Storage Coordination". Electronics 12, nr 14 (12.07.2023): 3056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12143056.
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In response to the problem of mismatch between new energy output and multi-energy load requirement in multi-energy power systems, this article proposes a dynamic optimization model for new energy output in multiple time intervals based on multi-energy storage coordination. First, considering the energy conversion characteristics of multi-energy storage, the dynamic optimization method of new energy output based on the discrete division of subinterval of scheduling time is studied. Then, considering the cost of adjusting various resources comprehensively, the optimization objective of new energy output is studied, and a model-solving method based on a directed graph topology distributed algorithm is proposed. Finally, simulation verification was conducted, and the simulation results showed that the method proposed in this paper can effectively suppress the new energy fluctuation and reduce peak-shaving costs.
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MIRONCHUK, A. A., i I. YU SOLODOVCHENKO. "SCHEDULE COORDINATION FOR CITY AND SUBURBAN ROUTES OF GROUNDPUBLIC TRANSPORT". World of transport and technological machines 73, nr 2 (2021): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7432-2021-73-2-49-56.
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The article deals with the problem of reducing the transfer time at transport hubs. A mathematical model is proposed for coordinating the timetables of urban and suburban routes of ground public transport. The mathematical model is implemented using the «Search for a solution» add-in in Microsoft Excel. On the basis of the developed model, the search for the efficient shift of the interval of a suburban route was carried out. The latterminimizes the total passengers' time for a transfer at a transport hub.
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Kim, Geonho, Woo-Hyun Kim i Chun-Kwon Lee. "Selection of TCC Curve and Protection Cooperation Method of Distribution Line Using Linear Optimization". Electronics 12, nr 12 (16.06.2023): 2705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122705.
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Distribution systems are mostly composed of radial structures, which are susceptible to an increased variability and complexity of system operation due to frequent line changes during operation. When multiple changes in distribution lines occur simultaneously, the relative positions of protective devices also change. The existing protection coordination method of distribution lines is configured by considering the operation characteristics and coordination time interval (CTI) of all protective devices in series from the substation to the terminal load. Therefore, the protection coordination algorithm needs to be redesigned whenever a line is changed or a protective device is added to the distribution line for which the existing protection coordination algorithm has been set. In addition, existing protection coordination methods require complex calculations and procedures, which are subject to human errors and are less feasible for responding in real-time to changes in the distribution system. In this paper, we propose the adaptive time–current curve (TCC) method by selecting the time dial setting (TDS) and minimum response time (MRT) of individual protective devices in accordance with the relative distance based on the linear optimization technique. Using PSCAD/EMTDC, a power system analysis program, the minimum operating current and the fault current of each protective device are obtained, and the proposed protection coordination algorithm is verified according to the series configuration relationship of the protective devices. Finally, the proposed method is applied to an actual distribution line to verify the improvement over the existing protection coordination.
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Andrikopoulou, Angeliki, Charalampos Theofanakis, Christos Markellos, Maria Kaparelou, Konstantinos Koutsoukos, Kleoniki Apostolidou, Nikolaos Thomakos i in. "Optimal Time Interval between Neoadjuvant Platinum-Based Chemotherapy and Interval Debulking Surgery in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer". Cancers 15, nr 13 (6.07.2023): 3519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133519.
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Background: There is limited data on the optimal time interval between the last dose of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). Methods: We retrospectively identified patients with stage IIIC/IV HGSC who received NACT followed by IDS during a 15-year period (January 2003–December 2018) in our Institution. Results: Overall, 115 patients with stage IIIC/IV HGSC were included. The median age of diagnosis was 62.7 years (IQR: 14.0). A total of 76.5% (88/115) of patients were diagnosed with IIIC HGSC and 23.5% (27/115) with IV HGSC. Median PFS was 15.7 months (95% CI: 13.0–18.5), and median OS was 44.7 months (95% CI: 38.8–50.5). Patients were categorized in groups according to the time interval from NACT to IDS: <4 weeks (group A); 4–5 weeks (group B); 5–6 weeks (group C); >6 weeks (group D). Patients with a time interval IDS to NACT ≥4 weeks had significantly shorter PFS (p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.002). Median PFS was 26.6 months (95% CI: 24–29.2) for patients undergoing IDS <4 weeks after NACT vs. 14.4 months (95% CI: 12.6–16.2) for those undergoing IDS later (p = 0.004). Accordingly, median OS was 66.3 months (95% CI: 39.1–93.4) vs. 39.4 months (95% CI: 31.8–47.0) in the <4 week vs. >4 week time interval NACT to IDS groups (p = 0.002). On multivariate analysis, the short time interval (<4 weeks) from NACT to IDS was an independent factor of PFS (p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.003). Conclusion: We have demonstrated that performing IDS within four weeks after NACT may be associated with better survival outcomes. Multidisciplinary coordination among ovarian cancer patients is required to avoid any unnecessary delays.
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Kim, Hye Jin, Cho Hee Lee i Eun Young Kim. "Temporal differences in eye–hand coordination between children and adults during manual action on objects". Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy 31, nr 2 (grudzień 2018): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1569186118819892.
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Background/Objective Eye–hand coordination, which is essential for activities of daily living, develops with age. The objective of this study was to investigate the temporal patterns of visual fixation coupled with hands during manual action on objects in children and young adults. Methods Twelve eight-year-old children and 12 young adults performed the Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function Test (JTT) wearing eye-tracking glasses. The interval from the eye arrival time to the hand arrival time on an object was measured as eye–hand arrival span. The interval between the eye departure time and the hand departure time from the object was measured as eye–hand departure span. Eye–hand arrival span, eye–hand departure span and the performance time to complete the JTT were compared between children and young adults. Correlation between eye–hand arrival span and eye–hand departure span was analysed to identify the mechanism of eye–hand coordination. Results Compared with young adults, children showed longer performance time but shorter eye–hand arrival span and eye–hand departure span in the JTT. The difference in mean eye–hand arrival span of overall JTT between children and young adults was significant for both hands, whereas differences in the mean eye–hand departure span on the overall JTT and the total performance time were significant for the non-dominant hand. The eye–hand arrival span was positively correlated with the eye–hand departure span. Conclusion This study demonstrated temporal differences in eye–hand coordination between children and young adults. Temporal patterns of visual fixation coupled to object manipulation could be useful information about the sensorimotor system in the field of occupational therapy.
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S, Fatma. "The Protection Relay Coordination Studies (Over Current Relays and Ground Fault Relays) On The Power Plant Electrical System, PT. Rekind Daya Mamuju By Using The ETAP 12.6 Program". JEEE-U (Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering-UMSIDA) 7, nr 1 (20.04.2023): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jeeeu.v7i1.1651.
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Abstract-, This research is an ex-post facto descriptive study, which aims to determine: a) the results of the safety relay coordination settings (OCR and GFR) and b) the working sequence and operating time of the safety relay when a disturbance occurs in the electrical system of PT. Rekind Daya Mamuju. Electrical system data obtained in the form of Single Line Diagram of PLTU Mamuju 2x25 MW, protection equipment data, and safety relay coordination data which are then processed and analyzed using the ETAP 12.6 program. The results showed that on the OCR inverse time curve the secondary side of the 0.4 kV transformer is set with a pickup current of 0.45 s, the primary side relay of the transformer is 6.3 kV 0.25 s and the relay is connected between unit I and unit II. 0.84 s. The GFR setting value for the definite time curve for the secondary side of the pickup current is 0.4 s, and the relay on the primary side is 0.2 s. The working time interval of the relay to break the disturbance is 0.3 s. Coordination of safety relays for PLTU Mamuju unit I and Unit II has worked well, with no overlapping or miss-coordination curve plot values. The sequence of work and the time of operation of the relay when a disturbance occurs is in the order of the simulation results with the coordinated setting values.
Keywords : Coordination; OCR; GFR; ETAP 12.6 Program
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Yang, Nana, i Suoping Li. "Distributed Coordination for a Class of High-Order Multiagent Systems Subject to Actuator Saturations by Iterative Learning Control". Complexity 2022 (27.02.2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4020266.
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This paper investigates a distributed coordination control for a class of high-order uncertain multiagent systems. Under the framework of iterative learning control, a novel fully distributed learning protocol is devised for the coordination problem of MASs including time-varying parameter uncertainties as well as actuator saturations. Meanwhile, the learning updating laws of various parameters are proposed. Utilizing Lyapunov theory and combining with Graph theory, the proposed algorithm can make each follower track a leader completely over a limited time interval even though each follower is without knowing the dynamics of the leader. Moreover, the extension to formation control is made. The validity and feasibility of the algorithm are verified conclusively by two examples.
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Steven Eyobu, Odongo, Jhihoon Joo i Dong Seog Han. "CMD: A Multichannel Coordination Scheme for Emergency Message Dissemination in IEEE 1609.4". Mobile Information Systems 2018 (21.11.2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9876437.
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The IEEE 1609.4 legacy standard for multichannel communications in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), specifies that the control channel (CCH) is dedicated to broadcast safety messages, while the service channels (SCHs) are dedicated to transmit infotainment service content. However, the SCHs can be used as an alternative to transmit high priority safety messages in the event that they are invoked during the service channel interval (SCHI). This implies that there is a need to transmit safety messages across multiple available utilized channels to ensure that all vehicles receive the safety message. Transmission across multiple SCHs using the legacy IEEE 1609.4 requires multiple channel switching and therefore introduces further end-to-end delays. Given that safety messaging is a life critical application, it is important that optimal end-to-end delay performance is derived in multichannel VANET scenarios to ensure reliable safety message dissemination. To tackle this challenge, three primary contributions are in this article: first, a cooperative multichannel coordinator (CMD) selection approach based on the least average separation distance (LAD) to the vehicles that expect to tune to other SCHs and operates during the control channel interval (CCHI) is proposed. Second, a model to determine the optimal time intervals in which CMD operates during the CCHI is proposed. Third, a contention back-off mechanism for safety message transmission during the SCHI is proposed. Computer simulations and mathematical analysis show that CMD performs better than the legacy IEEE 1609.4 and a selected state-of-the-art multichannel message dissemination scheme in terms of end-to-end delay and packet reception ratio.
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Ranganathan, Radha, i Kathiravan Kannan. "Enhancing the Selection of Backoff Interval Using Fuzzy Logic over Wireless Ad Hoc Networks". Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/680681.
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IEEE 802.11 is the de facto standard for medium access over wireless ad hoc network. The collision avoidance mechanism (i.e., random binary exponential backoff—BEB) of IEEE 802.11 DCF (distributed coordination function) is inefficient and unfair especially under heavy load. In the literature, many algorithms have been proposed to tune the contention window (CW) size. However, these algorithms make every node select its backoff interval between [0, CW] in a random and uniform manner. This randomness is incorporated to avoid collisions among the nodes. But this random backoff interval can change the optimal order and frequency of channel access among competing nodes which results in unfairness and increased delay. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that schedules the medium access in a fair and effective manner. This algorithm enhances IEEE 802.11 DCF with additional level of contention resolution that prioritizes the contending nodes according to its queue length and waiting time. Each node computes its unique backoff interval using fuzzy logic based on the input parameters collected from contending nodes through overhearing. We evaluate our algorithm against IEEE 802.11, GDCF (gentle distributed coordination function) protocols using ns-2.35 simulator and show that our algorithm achieves good performance.
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Han, Xutao, i Yajian Zhang. "Decomposition-Coordination-Based Voltage Control for High Photovoltaic-Penetrated Distribution Networks under Cloud-Edge Collaborative Architecture". International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (31.01.2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7280220.
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With the integration of high proportional photovoltaics (PVs) into distribution networks, the superposition of uncertain output power of PVs and stochastic load demand fluctuations have posed a serious challenge to voltage stability. In this paper, a multitimescale decomposition-coordination-based voltage control method is proposed under the cloud-edge cooperative architecture. The distribution network is firstly decomposed into several subnetworks. In each subnetwork, the edge computing device is equipped to realize the distributed control and provide external computing resources for the cloud center. Then, a multitimescale control scheme containing the interval dispatch stage and the real-time time-window stage is proposed. In the interval dispatch stage, a cloud-edge collaborative calculation strategy considering balanced resource allocation is well designed to obtain the global optimal power flows and the corresponding reference operating points of the voltage control equipment. Meanwhile, in the real-time time-window stage, a consensus-based voltage correction mechanism under the optimal power flow boundary constraints is designed to avoid the voltage violations caused by unexcepted power fluctuations deviating from the representative scenarios. Simulation results with the improved 33-bus and IEEE 123-bus systems have demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method.
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Zhang, Bing, Dandan Zhou, Nana Huang, Xun Zhou i Xunyou Ni. "Coordination and Optimization of Long-Distance Passenger Departure Timetable Connected to High-Speed Railway Station: Considering the Heterogeneity of Transfer Passengers Demand". Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (18.03.2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6743552.
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Optimizing the departure timetable of long-distance passenger transport connected to high-speed railway stations can not only improve the attractiveness of long-distance passenger transport, reduce the loss of passengers, but also alleviate the pressure of passenger flow accumulation caused by uneven arrival of high-speed railways. Considering the demand heterogeneity of high-speed railway outbound transfer passengers and analyzing the characteristics of transfer travel time, a multiobjective optimization model with unequal interval departures is established. The model takes the minimum total cost and the highest transport capacity as the goal, with the constraints of the departure interval, the waiting time of the stranded passengers, the amount of passenger loss, etc., to optimize the adjustment of the departure interval and the number of departures for long-distance passenger transport and to answer it with the help of Matlab and Lingo software. The calculation results show that the optimized timetable strengthens the synchronous connection with the arrival of small peaks of passenger flow and improves the matching degree of transportation capacity and passenger flow demand. The total passenger transfer time after optimization is reduced by 10.53 h, and the transfer time per capita is reduced by 189.54 s.
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Vijayachandran, Vinod, i U. Jayachandra Shenoy. "New protection scheme for maintaining coordination time interval among relay pairs in micro-grid by employing centralised master controller". IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 14, nr 2 (31.01.2020): 234–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0689.
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Okorie, Patrick, Abdullahi Kunya, Yusuf Jibril i Adam Abubakar. "Protection Coordination of Distribution Network with Optimally Placed Distribution Generation". ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 18, nr 3 (19.12.2019): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v18n3.171.
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In this study, optimal distribution network protection coordination scheme with directional over current relays is developed. In addition, impact of optimally placed Distribution Generation (DG) on the protection coordination scheme is subsequently evaluated using relay Coordination Time Interval (CTI). As such, the study is carried out in two stages. In the first stage, optimal relays settings (time dial settings and pickup current) are determined. While in the second stage, the maximum DG penetration level with changes in the protection coordination is evaluated. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, due to its faster convergence speed, is applied in both stages. The technique is implemented on the distribution section of the IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 30-bus systems and simulated in MATLAB. The simulation results obtained are compared with that obtained using hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GS) – Nonlinear Programming (NP) approach using relays pickup current and operating times as performance metrics. For the IEEE 14 bus system, the developed PSO-based relay coordination has reduced the relays pickup current and operating times by roughly 28% and 32% respectively compared with the hybrid GA-NLP technique. The optimal locations of the DGs are found to be bus 5, 8 and 12 which result in CTI of 0.233sec. While in the IEEE 30 bus system, the developed relay coordination has reduced the relays pickup current and operating times by roughly 31% and 34% respectively compared with the hybrid GA-NLP technique. Similarly, the optimal locations and sizes of the DGs are found to be bus 19, 26 and 30, which result in CTI of 0.462sec.
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Shrivastava, Aayush, Abhishek Sharma, Manjaree Pandit, Vibhu Jately i Brian Azzopardi. "Hybrid Protection Scheme Based Optimal Overcurrent Relay Coordination Strategy for RE Integrated Power Distribution Grid". Energies 14, nr 21 (2.11.2021): 7192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217192.
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A directional overcurrent relay is commonly used to protect the power distribution networks of a distributed system. The selection of the appropriate settings for the relays is an important component of the protection strategies used to isolate the faulty parts of the system. The rapid growth of distributed generation (DG) systems present new challenges to these protection schemes. The effect of solar photovoltaic power plants on relay coordination is studied initially in this research work. A protection strategy was formulated to guarantee that the increased penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) plants does not affect the relay coordination time. This paper addresses these issues associated with a high penetration of DG through the use of a hybrid protection scheme. The protection strategy is divided into two parts. The first part is based on an optimal fault current limiter value estimated with respect to constraints and the optimal time multiplier setting, and then the coordination time interval is estimated with respect to constraint in Part II. The results of these analyses show that a hybrid protection scheme can effectively handle the complexity of distributed generation (DG) and dynamic relay coordination problems. In this research, three optimization algorithms have been used for calculating the estimated value of impedance fault current limiter (Zfcl) and time multiplier setting (TMS). The response time of hybrid protection schemes is very important. If the computational time of their proposed algorithms is less than their actual computational time, then their response time to address the issue is also less. The performance in all algorithms was identified to arrive at a conclusion that the grey wolf optimized algorithm (GWO) algorithm can substantially reduce the computational time needed to implement hybrid protection algorithms. The GWO algorithm takes a computational time of 0.946 s, achieving its feasible solution in less than 1 s.
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Abd Almuhsen, Tahseen Ali, i Ahmed Jasim Sultan. "Coordination of directional overcurrent and distance relays based on nonlinear multivariable optimization". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, nr 3 (1.03.2020): 1194. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i3.pp1194-1205.
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To ensure stability, security, and protection of electrical equipment from the damage the suitable coordination must be made in interconnected networks. In this paper, the nonlinear multivariable optimization techniques have been used with different performance indexes: Sequential quadratic programming (SQP), Sequential quadratic programming legacy (SQP-Legacy), Interior-Point and Active-Set for IEEE- 8 bus test system. This system consists of twenty-eight protective relays divided into fourteen directional overcurrent relays (DOCR) and fourteen distance relays (DR). It has been tested in the ETAP environment to obtain three-phase short circuit current at the near and far end faults and operating time for all DOC relays for near-end fault as well as test the second zone time for distance relays (TZ2) with pilot signal (WP)and without pilot signal (WOP) of the proposed algorithm was used to reduce overall operating time of DOC relays and obtain optimal values for time multiplier setting (TMS) and TZ2 with the different coordination time interval (CTI) between main and backup relays. The simulation results were validated in ETAP program prove that the effectiveness of the Active-Set to minimize the TMS and TZ2 for the system.<em> </em>
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Alves, Leda Maria Tavares, Rachel de Aguiar Cassiani, Carla Manfredi dos Santos i Roberto Oliveira Dantas. "Gender effect on the clinical measurement of swallowing". Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 44, nr 3 (wrzesień 2007): 227–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032007000300009.
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BACKGROUND: Swallowing coordination is affected by cortical and subcortical inputs from the central nervous system. Our hypothesis is that the swallowing dynamics may be influenced by gender. AIM: To evaluate the influence of gender on water swallowing dynamics. METHODS: We studied 111 health subjects, 36 men, aged 24-77 years (mean: 46.3 ± 16.1 years) and 75 women, aged 22-75 years (mean: 39.6 ± 13.3 years). All volunteers swallowed in triplicate 50 mL of water at 4ºC while precisely timed, when we measured the time to swallow all the volume and counted the number of swallows. We calculated the inter-swallow interval: the time to complete the task, in seconds, divided by the number of swallows; swallowing velocity: volume drunk (mL) by the time taken (s); swallowing volume capacity: volume drunk (mL) divided by the number of swallows. RESULTS: Women had a shorter inter-swallow interval, slower swallowing velocity and lower volume capacity than men. CONCLUSION: Gender has an effect on water swallowing dynamics, with women having a lower swallowing velocity and a lower volume capacity in each swallow than men.
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Bui, Duong Minh, Phuc Duy Le, Thanh Phuong Nguyen i Hung Nguyen. "An Adaptive and Scalable Protection Coordination System of Overcurrent Relays in Distributed-Generator-Integrated Distribution Networks". Applied Sciences 11, nr 18 (12.09.2021): 8454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188454.
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Integration of distributed generators (DGs) into a distribution network (DN) can cause coordination challenges of overcurrent relays (OCRs) because of different fault-current contributions of DGs as well as the directional change in fault currents. Therefore, the OCRs should be properly coordinated to maintain their adaptability and scalability to protect the DG-integrated distribution network. In this study, an adaptive and scalable protection coordination (ASPC) approach has been developed for the OCRs in a DG-contained distribution network based on two implementation stages. At the first stage, the reliability improvement of fault-current calculation results is performed by determining the min-max confidence interval of fault current for each different fault type, which is the basis for properly selecting tripping and pick-up thresholds of definite-time and inverse-time OC functions in the same OCR. At the second stage, optimization algorithms are used for calculating protection-curve coefficients and Time-Dial Setting (TDS) multiplier for the inverse-time OC functions in the OCR. A real 22 kV DG-integrated distribution network which is simulated by ETAP software is considered a reliable test-bed to validate the proposed ASPC system of OCRs in the multiple-DG-contained distribution network. In addition, the coordination results of OCRs can be obtained by three common optimization algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), and Genetic Algorithm (GA). These relay coordination results have shown an effective protection combination of the definite-time OC functions (50P and 50G) and the inverse-time OC functions (51P and 51G) in the same OCR to get the adaptable and scalable DN protection system.
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Siu, Francis Ming Fung, Anson Kwun Wang Wong i Michael Anson. "Benchmarking site-plant resource matching performance of ready-mixed concrete delivery and placing". HKIE Transactions 29, nr 1 (31.03.2022): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33430/v29n1thie-2021-0021.
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Since on-time concrete delivery is important to both contractors and suppliers, performance benchmarking of the concrete delivery process, as actually achieved in practice, is a worthwhile undertaking of potential benefit to the construction industry. However, there has been no thorough such benchmarking in Hong Kong for 20 years, since the study by Anson et al. (2002). This research study has provided an up-to-date benchmark of the site/supplier resource matching, or coordination, performance for big building superstructure pours, based on study of the records of 77 pours placed on five buildings under construction in Hong Kong. This research study also aimed to assess whether there was any evidence to suggest that site/ plant coordination performance has improved since 2000, not least due to the adoption of advanced technologies, which nowadays monitor the locations of truckmixers in real time throughout the day. Of great importance to the industry, however, and the most significant finding arising from this study, is that there is no support for the proposition that site/supplier resource coordination has improved over that 20-year interval. Truckmixer position tracking systems need to be capitalised upon with the introduction of data analysis simulation software and optimising scheduling applied in real time.
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Desai, Jigneshkumar. "Protection Challenges of Green Technology in Power Distribution System". Green Energy and Environmental Technology 2022 (16.12.2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/geet.14.
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The mitigation of future electricity demand is highly dependent upon the integration of green energy technology. Most countries realise the importance of green energy and are given support policies for the encouragement of power integration from green energy sources (GES). The effect of bulk power integration from GES causes stability issues in the power system. The solar and wind energy technologies have been discussed in this paper. Issues relating to integration of GES in the distribution system have also been highlighted. It also describes the desired protection of the distribution network with GES. The coordination issue of auto recloser has been explained in depth. The paper narrates the challenges to green energy technology implementation in the distribution system. Finally, a solution for protection coordination is formulated and solved using a genetic algorithm between auto recloser and fuse using test system. Also, coordination with grid-side relay and fuse is validated. The results give optimised values of plug setting multiplier (PSM), time dial settings (TDS), and constants such as A, B, and x. The optimised values give the correct operating times of auto recloser (t 1) and fuse (t 2) and a coordinated time interval (CTI).
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Peña-Curiel, Omar, Orestes Valles-Guerra, Karen M. Velazquez-Ayala, Griselda Peña-Iturbide, Sonia Maria Flores Moreno, Jackeline Grace Lara-Campos, Martín Lara-Esqueda, Nydia Paulina Herrera-Ríos i Roberto Montes de Oca Luna. "Interinstitutional multidisciplinary virtual tumor board implementation for the management of breast cancer in a public health setting in Mexico." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, nr 28_suppl (1.10.2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.107.
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107 Background: UNEME-DEDICAM (UD) clinics are part of a national public health initiative to provide women prompt access to cervical and breast cancer (BC) screening and diagnosis. Furthermore, UD clinics play a central role in the coordination and prioritization of patient transfer to treatment-specialized institutions. To facilitate this process, we planned and implemented an interinstitutional virtual multidisciplinary tumor board (VMDT). Herein, we present our current experience. Methods: We planned and implemented our VMDT in September 2020. Weekly sessions were established for the multidisciplinary discussion of every newly diagnosed patient at UD with a complete radiology and pathology report. Communication was accomplished through an encrypted and secure internet connection using Microsoft Teams software. VMDT members included breast pathologist, breast imaging, radio oncologist, medical oncologist, and surgical oncologist. Treatment consensus were registered in a Microsoft Word template and integrated into the medical record for each patient. Importantly, the report also included date and time for the consultation at the referral institution. Results: Between September 2020 through May 2021, 74 BC patients were diagnosed at UD. Mean age at diagnosis was 52 years. Sixty-eight patients had invasive BC, of whom early stage (I and II) accounted for 67% of patients; locally advanced (III) for 29%, and advanced (IV) for 4%. Luminal A and B type accounted for 68%; HER2+ve for 25%; and triple negative for 7%. Mean time from biopsy to complete histopathology report (biopsy-report interval) was 2.5 weeks. The mean time from VMDT consensus to patient´s first consultation at referral center (VMDT-referral interval) was 2 weeks. The mean time from biopsy to patient´s first consultation at referral center (total interval) was 5.5 weeks. Conclusions: The VMDT is a plausible strategy to streamline the inter-institutional organization for the timely care of BC patients. UD clinics play a central role in the coordination of transfer of BC patients to tertiary care centers.
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Taylor, Claire J., Michelle L. Hall, Kristal E. Cain i Naomi E. Langmore. "A superb solo, or a deviant duet? Overlapping songs in superb fairy-wrens". Behavioral Ecology 30, nr 4 (16.04.2019): 1076–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arz052.
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Abstract Avian duets are formed when 2 birds coordinate their songs. Most research on the evolution and function of duetting has focused on species with highly coordinated duets, and less is known about the context and function of overlapping songs that are more loosely coordinated, in part due to the challenge of determining whether such vocalizations coincide by chance or through coordination between the partners. Here, we use field recordings and playback experiments to test whether breeding pairs of superb fairy-wrens, Malurus cyaneus, coordinate their territorial songs to form duets. We test 3 key characteristics of duetting; whether partners’ songs 1) overlap more than expected by chance; 2) have a stereotyped structure that occurs repeatedly and predictably in time, and 3) show evidence of a constant time lag between the contributions of the 2 participants, indicating that individuals are coordinating their songs. This is the first study to quantify the temporal precision of song between partners to investigate coordination in the Malurus genus, an important model taxon for song, sexual selection, and speciation. We found variation in the extent to which partners’ songs overlapped, with some individuals overlapping their partners’ songs more than expected by chance, no difference in structure of solo and overlapping songs, and no evidence of a consistent response interval. Thus song overlap in superb fairy-wrens meets only some criteria for duetting. We suggest that overlapping songs in this species may be due to individuals responding independently of the same stimulus and/or “call and answer” between pair members.
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Gil, Monica C., i Robert A. Henning. "Determinants of Perceived Teamwork: Examination of Team Performance and Social Psychophysiology". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, nr 12 (lipiec 2000): 2–743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004401283.
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Team situation awareness (SA) has not received the same amount of research attention as individual SA. Given a lack of established relationships between objective and perceived measures of teamwork, as well as between team psychophysiology and perceived teamwork, the present study examined these potential relationships during a two-person, continuous tracking task. Seventeen two-person teams of undergraduates performed a computer-based, simulated teleoperation task. This investigation tested for relationships between objective performance measures (task completion time, team tracking error, coordination and collision damage), psychophysiological measures (electrodermal activity, heart inter-beat interval and respiration), and three subjective measures (team coordination, task engagement and task difficulty). The results suggest that objective team performance and some social psychophysiological measures (heart cross-correlation) contribute to team member perceptions of teamwork. Theoretical and practical implications of using all three techniques to assess team SA are discussed.
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Tweed, D., B. Glenn i T. Vilis. "Eye-head coordination during large gaze shifts". Journal of Neurophysiology 73, nr 2 (1.02.1995): 766–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.2.766.
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1. Three-dimensional (3D) eye and head rotations were measured with the use of the magnetic search coil technique in six healthy human subjects as they made large gaze shifts. The aims of this study were 1) to see whether the kinematic rules that constrain eye and head orientations to two degrees of freedom between saccades also hold during movements; 2) to chart the curvature and looping in eye and head trajectories; and 3) to assess whether the timing and paths of eye and head movements are more compatible with a single gaze error command driving both movements, or with two different feedback loops. 2. Static orientations of the eye and head relative to space are known to resemble the distribution that would be generated by a Fick gimbal (a horizontal axis moving on a fixed vertical axis). We show that gaze point trajectories during eye-head gaze shifts fit the Fick gimbal pattern, with horizontal movements following straight "line of latitude" paths and vertical movements curving like lines of longitude. However, horizontal (and to a lesser extent vertical) movements showed direction-dependent looping, with rightward and leftward (and up and down) saccades tracing slightly different paths. Plots of facing direction (the analogue of gaze direction for the head) also showed the latitude/longitude pattern, without looping. In radial saccades, the gaze point initially moved more vertically than the target direction and then curved; head trajectories were straight. 3. The eye and head components of randomly sequenced gaze shifts were not time locked to one another. The head could start moving at any time from slightly before the eye until 200 ms after, and the standard deviation of this interval could be as large as 80 ms. The head continued moving for a long (up to 400 ms) and highly variable time after the gaze error had fallen to zero. For repeated saccades between the same targets, peak eye and head velocities were directly, but very weakly, correlated; fast eye movements could accompany slow head movements and vice versa. Peak head acceleration and deceleration were also very weakly correlated with eye velocity. Further, the head rotated about an essentially fixed axis, with a smooth bell-shaped velocity profile, whereas the axis of eye rotation relative to the head varied throughout the movement and the velocity profiles were more ragged. 4. Plots of 3D eye orientation revealed strong and consistent looping in eye trajectories relative to space.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Iorfino, Frank, Jo-An Occhipinti, Adam Skinner, Tracey Davenport, Shelley Rowe, Ante Prodan, Julie Sturgess i Ian B. Hickie. "The Impact of Technology-Enabled Care Coordination in a Complex Mental Health System: A Local System Dynamics Model". Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, nr 6 (30.06.2021): e25331. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25331.
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Background Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, major shortcomings in the way mental health care systems were organized were impairing the delivery of effective care. The mental health impacts of the pandemic, the recession, and the resulting social dislocation will depend on the extent to which care systems will become overwhelmed and on the strategic investments made across the system to effectively respond. Objective This study aimed to explore the impact of strengthening the mental health system through technology-enabled care coordination on mental health and suicide outcomes. Methods A system dynamics model for the regional population catchment of North Coast New South Wales, Australia, was developed that incorporated defined pathways from social determinants of mental health to psychological distress, mental health care, and suicidal behavior. The model reproduced historic time series data across a range of outcomes and was used to evaluate the relative impact of a set of scenarios on attempted suicide (ie, self-harm hospitalizations), suicide deaths, mental health–related emergency department (ED) presentations, and psychological distress over the period from 2021 to 2030. These scenarios include (1) business as usual, (2) increase in service capacity growth rate by 20%, (3) standard telehealth, and (4) technology-enabled care coordination. Each scenario was tested using both pre– and post–COVID-19 social and economic conditions. Results Technology-enabled care coordination was forecast to deliver a reduction in self-harm hospitalizations and suicide deaths by 6.71% (95% interval 5.63%-7.87%), mental health–related ED presentations by 10.33% (95% interval 8.58%-12.19%), and the prevalence of high psychological distress by 1.76 percentage points (95% interval 1.35-2.32 percentage points). Scenario testing demonstrated that increasing service capacity growth rate by 20% or standard telehealth had substantially lower impacts. This pattern of results was replicated under post–COVID-19 conditions with technology-enabled care coordination being the only tested scenario, which was forecast to reduce the negative impact of the pandemic on mental health and suicide. Conclusions The use of technology-enabled care coordination is likely to improve mental health and suicide outcomes. The substantially lower effectiveness of targeting individual components of the mental health system (ie, increasing service capacity growth rate by 20% or standard telehealth) reiterates that strengthening the whole system has the greatest impact on patient outcomes. Investments into more of the same types of programs and services alone will not be enough to improve outcomes; instead, new models of care and the digital infrastructure to support them and their integration are needed.
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Gallagher, Gillian, Alison Griffin, Sharon Clipperton i Sarah Janssens. "Impact of simulation training on decision to delivery interval in cord prolapse". BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 7, nr 6 (16.06.2021): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjstel-2021-000860.
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BackgroundUmbilical cord prolapse is a rare obstetric emergency requiring rapid coordination of a multidisciplinary team to effect urgent delivery. The decision to delivery interval (DDI) is a marker of quality of teamwork. Multidisciplinary team simulation-based training can be used to improve clinical and teamwork performance.AimTo assess the DDI for cord prolapse before and after the introduction of simulation-based training at a quaternary maternity unit in Australia.MethodA retrospective, observational cohort study comparing the DDI before and after the introduction of simulation-based training activities. The general linear model was used to estimate the association between DDI and simulation training while adjusting for potential confounders including model of care (public or private) and time of birth (regular or after hours).ResultsAfter the introduction of simulation training, mean DDI decreased by 4.1 min (difference −4.1, 95% CI −6.2 to −1.9), after adjustment for confounding factors. Despite this, there was no difference in selected neonatal outcomes including Apgar score at 5 min and arterial cord pH.ConclusionsThe introduction of simulation-based training was associated with a decrease in the DDI in the setting of cord prolapse.
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Slyadnikov E.E i Turchanovsky I.Yu. "Non-homogeneous plastic deformation of amorphous metallic alloys under the action of a quasi-static mechanical load". Technical Physics 68, nr 1 (2023): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2023.01.55444.114-22.
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A hypothesis is formulated and substantiated that quasi-static deformation in an amorphous metal alloy is a complex relaxation multi-stage process, which is a hierarchical sequence of interrelated structural transitions of the first order ordered in time. These nonequilibrium processes sequentially proceed at different scale space-time levels, starting from the lowest level --- a cluster of atoms of the first coordination sphere with a relaxation time taueta, then the middle level - a nanocluster of atoms of the fifth coordination sphere with a relaxation time tauφ, spatial scale of 10 nm and relaxation time tau, and tau>>tauφ>>taueta. They are accompanied by transformations of various types of potential energy of atoms (elastic, inelastic, plastic deformation, ZST) into each other. A mechanism and a model of a nonequilibrium transition from an elastic mechanical state to a state with shear transformation zones, a mechanism and a model of localized plastic deformation in an amorphous metal alloy are constructed. In the interval of non-uniqueness, in response to a locally introduced perturbation, a traveling autowave arises, which transfers the slip band from the inelastic deformation regime to the plastic deformation regime. Model parameters are estimated and important physical properties of plastic deformation are calculated. Keywords: Amorphous metal alloys, mechanical load, plastic deformation, nonequilibrium structural transition, synergetic model, kinetic equations, autowave.
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Verma, Pawan Kumar, Rajesh Verma, Arun Prakash i Rajeev Tripathi. "Throughput-Delay Evaluation of a Hybrid-MAC Protocol for M2M Communications". International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications 7, nr 1 (styczeń 2016): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmcmc.2016010104.
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This paper proposes a robust hybrid-MAC protocol for direct communication among M2M devices with gateway coordination. The proposed protocol combines the benefits of both contention-based and reservation-based MAC schemes. The authors assume that the contention and reservation portion of M2M devices is a frame structure, which is comprised of two sections: Contention Interval (CI) and Transmission Interval (TI). The CI is based on p-persistent CSMA mechanism, which allows M2M devices to compete for the transmission slots with equal priorities. After contention, only those devices, which have won time-slots, are allowed to transmit data packets during TI. In the authors' proposed MAC scheme, the TI is basically a TDMA frame and each M2M device is 802.11 enabled. Each M2M transmitter device and its corresponding one-hop distant receiver communicate using IEEE 802.11 DCF protocol within each TDMA slot to overcome the limitations of TDMA mechanism. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid-MAC protocol.
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Wang, Lin, Hui Qu, Shan Liu i Can Chen. "Optimizing the Joint Replenishment and Channel Coordination Problem under Supply Chain Environment Using a Simple and Effective Differential Evolution Algorithm". Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/709856.
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This paper presents a useful and practical procurement approach using the joint replenishment and channel coordination (JR-CC) policy in a two-echelon supply chain considering the coordination cost. The objective is to determine a basic replenishment cycle time and the replenishment interval to minimize the total cost of the supply chain. To solve this NP-hard problem, a simple and improved differential evolution algorithm (IDE) is developed. The performance of the IDE is verified by benchmark functions. Moreover, results of comparative numerical example show the effectiveness of the proposed IDE. IDE can be used as a good candidate for the JR-CC model. Results of numerical examples also indicate that the JR-CC policy can result in considerable cost saving, and enhance the efficiency of a supply chain. But not all members in the supply chain can benefit a lot using this policy. Moreover, results of sensitivity analysis show that retailers have more willingness to adopt the JR-CC policy than the manufacturers because of the different cost savings.
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Brown, J. M. M., i J. Wickham. "NEUROMOTOR COORDINATION OF MULTISEGMENTAL MUSCLE DURING A CHANGE IN MOVEMENT DIRECTION". Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 10, nr 02 (czerwiec 2006): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957706001716.
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The aim of this investigation was to determine how the CNS controlled seven segments of the human deltoid muscle during a change in the direction of shoulder joint motion. Specifically, we wished to determine how the prime mover, synergist and antagonist muscle segments of this muscle were manipulated to assume new functional roles as the direction of shoulder motion was rapidly changed from shoulder abduction to shoulder adduction. Seven bipolar surface electrodes (7 mm inter-electrode distance) were placed over the seven segments (D1–D7) of the right deltoid, in seven young (19–24yrs) male subjects, to detect changes in muscle segment activation as the subjects transitioned from a rapid shoulder-abduction to a rapid-adduction force impulse (MT = 1000 ms). For each subject, fifteen trials were recorded at an inter-trial interval of 30 seconds. Comparisons of muscle segment timing and intensity of activation were made across 6 equal time intervals between just before the peak of the abduction force impulse and the subsequent peak of the adduction force impulse. The results of this study have shown that segments of the deltoid were activated during both the shoulder abduction and shoulder adduction motor task. In addition, the pattern of muscle segment activation (timing and intensity), during the transition from shoulder abduction to shoulder adduction, was dependent upon the muscle's moment arm and line of pull in relation to the axis of shoulder joint rotation. Three distinct patterns of neuromotor activation were noted within the segments of the deltoid muscle. During abduction the agonist prime mover and synergist segments (D1–D5) were totally deactivated (< 10% MVC) as they became antagonist segments during adduction. The antagonist segment (D7), during abduction, was deactivated and then reactivated as it became a synergist segment during adduction. Finally segment D6 was shown to have a nearly continuous period of activation. The study has shown that during a transition to a new movement direction, a muscle segment's line of pull and future function in the next phase of the movement appears to determine its period and intensity of activation.
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Zandi, Shahrzad, Reza Rajabi, Mohammadali Mohseni-Bandpei i Hooman Minoonejad. "Electromyographic Analysis of Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Volleyball Throw: A Reliability Study". Biomedical Human Kinetics 10, nr 1 (1.10.2018): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bhk-2018-0021.
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AbstractStudy aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the electromyographic activity of selected shoulder girdle muscles during the overhead volleyball throw.Material and methods: The test-retest reliability of EMG activity of selected shoulder muscles during an overhead volleyball throw was investigated in 15 non-symptomatic university-level female volleyball players for within-day sessions (with a one-hour interval) and between-day sessions (with a one-week interval). Time broadness (a measure of coordination) and root mean square of electromyography signals were obtained. Results: A high within-day (0.85-0.99) and moderate to high between-day (0.68-0.93) intraclass correlation coefficient for normalized RMS activity and a high within-day and between-day intraclass correlation coefficient (0.94 and 0.80; respectively) for time broadness were observed. Absolute agreement of measurements had small values (0.15-1.96). Trends toward higher intraclass correlation coefficient values and lower standard error of measurements, minimum detectable change, mean differences and limits of agreements values were observed for within-day reliability in all test results compared with between-day reliability.Conclusions: The results suggest that the activity of shoulder muscles can be reliably assessed during the overhead volleyball throw with the described procedure both in the amplitude domain (normalized average root mean square) and the time domain (time broadness of the activities).
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Bogdanov, Alexander, Alexander Degtyarev, Vasily Khramushin i Yulia Shichkina. "Interpolation Environment of Tensor Mathematics at the Corpuscular Stage of Computational Experiments in Hydromechanics". EPJ Web of Conferences 173 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817302004.
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Stages of direct computational experiments in hydromechanics based on tensor mathematics tools are represented by conditionally independent mathematical models for calculations separation in accordance with physical processes. Continual stage of numerical modeling is constructed on a small time interval in a stationary grid space. Here coordination of continuity conditions and energy conservation is carried out. Then, at the subsequent corpuscular stage of the computational experiment, kinematic parameters of mass centers and surface stresses at the boundaries of the grid cells are used in modeling of free unsteady motions of volume cells that are considered as independent particles. These particles can be subject to vortex and discontinuous interactions, when restructuring of free boundaries and internal rheological states has place. Transition from one stage to another is provided by interpolation operations of tensor mathematics. Such interpolation environment formalizes the use of physical laws for mechanics of continuous media modeling, provides control of rheological state and conditions for existence of discontinuous solutions: rigid and free boundaries, vortex layers, their turbulent or empirical generalizations.
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Livezey, Sabrina, Nisha B. Shah, Robert McCormick, Josh DeClercq, Leena Choi i Autumn D. Zuckerman. "Specialty pharmacist integration into an outpatient neurology clinic improves pimavanserin access". Mental Health Clinician 11, nr 3 (1.05.2021): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.9740/mhc.2021.05.187.
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Abstract Introduction Access to pimavanserin, the only Parkinson disease–related psychosis treatment approved by the FDA, is restricted by insurance requirements, a limited distribution network, and high costs. Following initiation, patients require monitoring for safety and effectiveness. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate impact of specialty pharmacist (SP) integration on time to insurance approval. Additionally, we describe a pharmacist-led monitoring program. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective study of adults prescribed pimavanserin by the neurology clinic from June 2016 to June 2018. Patients receiving pimavanserin externally or through clinical trials were excluded. Pre- (June 2016 to December 2016) and post-SP integration (January 2017 to June 2018) periods were assessed. Proportional odds logistic regression was performed to test association of approval time with patient characteristics (age, gender, insurance type) postintegration. Interventions were categorized as clinical care, care coordination, management of adverse event, or adherence. Results We included 94 patients (32 preintegration, 62 postintegration), 80% male (n = 75) and 96% white (n = 90) with a mean age of 73 years. Median time to approval was 22 days preintegration and 3 days postintegration. Higher rates of approval (81% vs 95%) and initiation (78% vs 94%) were observed postintegration. Proportional odds logistic regression suggested patients with commercial insurance were likely to have longer time to approval compared with patients with Medicare/Medicaid (odds ratio 7.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.9, 26.7; P = .004). Most interventions were clinical (51%, n = 47) or care coordination (42%, n = 39). Conclusion Median time to approval decreased postintegration. The SP performed valuable monitoring and interventions.
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Alsamarai, Susan, Herta H. Chao, Xiaopan Yao, Yanhong Deng i Michal G. Rose. "Timeliness of care and stage at diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the implementation of a cancer care coordination program (CCCP) at a VA medical center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2012): 6033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6033.
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6033 Background: Timeliness of care improves patient satisfaction and may improve outcomes. A CCCP was established in Nov 2007 to improve timeliness of care of NSCLC patients at the Veterans Affairs Connecticut (VACT) Healthcare System. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of patients diagnosed with NSCLC at VACT between 2005-2010. We compared timeliness of care and stage at diagnosis before and after the implementation of the CCCP. Results: Data from 352 patients was analyzed: 163 with initial abnormal imaging between 1/1/2005 and 10/31/2007, and 189 with imaging between 11/1/2007 and 12/31/2010. Variables associated with a longer interval between the initial abnormal image and the initiation of therapy were: (1) earlier stage (mean of 130 days for stages I/II vs. 87 days for stages III/IV, p<0.001),(2) lack of cancer-related symptoms (145 vs 60 days, p<0.001), (3) presence of medical co-morbidities (111 vs 76 days, p=0.01), and (4) depression (127 vs 98 days, p=0.029). Substance abuse increased the interval from initial abnormal image to tissue diagnosis by 29 days (p=0.032) but did not affect the interval from image to treatment. The mean interval between diagnosis and initiation of treatment was 19 days longer in blacks vs. non-blacks (55 vs 36 days, p=0.0118) although the overall time from abnormal image to diagnosis and to treatment was not statistically different. In a multivariate model adjusting for stage, histology, reason for initial imaging, and presence of a primary care provider, implementation of a CCCP resulted in a mean reduction of 25 days in the time between the first abnormal image and initiation of cancer treatment (126 to 101 days, p=0.0154). The percent of patients diagnosed at stages I and II increased from 32% to 48% (p=0.0065) after the implementation of a CCCP. Conclusions: A centralized, multidisciplinary, hospital-based CCCP can improve timeliness of NSCLC care, and may also help ensure that incidental, early stage lung cancers are treated.
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Schmidt, Marc F. "Pattern of Interhemispheric Synchronization in HVc During Singing Correlates With Key Transitions in the Song Pattern". Journal of Neurophysiology 90, nr 6 (grudzień 2003): 3931–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00003.2003.
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Many complex voluntary behaviors require that motor commands be tightly coordinated between cerebral hemispheres. The neural mechanisms underlying such coordination, however, remain poorly understood. Song production in birds is a highly stereotyped learned motor behavior that requires finely tuned coordination between hemispheres. In the present study, neural activity was recorded simultaneously from the song control nucleus HVc in each hemisphere of singing adult male zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata). In all cases, the pattern of recorded multiunit activity in each hemisphere was highly correlated during short segments of the song motor pattern. These correlated segments often consisted of multiple short bursts of activity. Because of the absence of interhemispheric connections between song control nuclei, these observations suggest that HVc activity is “synchronized” by common inputs to both hemispheres. Using sliding-window cross-covariance analyses, periods of high interhemispheric synchronization were found to be time-locked to the acoustic onset of syllables and notes. In some cases, precisely synchronized bursts in both hemispheres were also observed during periods associated with the intersyllable silent interval. In all cases, activity was correlated between hemispheres independently of the recording site, suggesting that all regions of HVc may be globally synchronized during these short segments of the song. Given the anatomical organization of the song system, inputs originating from either thalamus or midbrain are proposed to act as timing signals that initiate and synchronize intrinsic motor networks within each HVc thus allowing for the precise coordination of motor commands across hemispheres.
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Moss, Nelson S., Tarek Y. El Ahmadieh, Samantha Brown, Justin Chen, Brandon S. Imber, Luke Pike, Anne S. Reiner i in. "MMAP-06 INTEGRATED TEAM-BASED BRAIN METASTASIS CARE REDUCES PATIENT VISITS AND SHORTENS TIME TO ADJUVANT IRRADIATION". Neuro-Oncology Advances 4, Supplement_1 (1.08.2022): i16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdac078.062.
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Abstract PURPOSE Timely surgical cavity stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an important adjuvant to brain metastasis resection, with earlier treatment associated with less frequent recurrence. The logistical complexity of treatment organization, however, has resulted in suboptimal start times post-surgically. We implemented a team-based process improvement approach to reduce the time from surgery to adjuvant irradiation of resected brain metastases. METHODS A multidisciplinary working group used process-mapping to identify opportunities to reduce visits and shorten treatment times. The care delivery process was modified to streamline perioperative SRS preparation with (1) early patient identification, (2) preoperative intra-team communication, and (3) consolidation of required steps. Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were used for process improvement. The surgery-to-SRS initiation time interval was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included the number of associated patient encounters. RESULTS Following implementation, the median (IQR) interval from surgery to SRS was reduced 48% from 27 (21,34) to 14 (13,17) days (p<0.001). The rate of surgical-cavity SRS within 30 days increased from 64% (n=63/98) to 97% (n=60/62; p<0.001). The median (IQR) number of CNS-associated encounters between resection and SRS decreased from 5 (4,6) to 4 (3,5; p<0.001). The proportion of patients who had >1 MRI/CT between surgery and SRS decreased from 45% (44/98) to 13% (8/62; p<0.001). The time from surgery to systemic therapy resumption/initiation among patients treated within 90 days post-operatively decreased from 35 (24,48) to 32 days (23,40; p=0.074). There were no wound complications in either group. CONCLUSION Adjuvant SRS latency and treatment-associated encounters were significantly reduced after care-coordination implementation. This approach reduces patient and healthcare system burden and can be applied to other scenarios where early post-operative SRS administration is critical.
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Sainburg, R. L., i D. Kalakanis. "Differences in Control of Limb Dynamics During Dominant and Nondominant Arm Reaching". Journal of Neurophysiology 83, nr 5 (1.05.2000): 2661–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.2661.
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This study compares the coordination patterns employed for the left and right arms during rapid targeted reaching movements. Six right-handed subjects reached to each of three targets, designed to elicit progressively greater amplitude interaction torques at the elbow joint. All targets required the same elbow excursion (20°), but different shoulder excursions (5, 10, and 15°, respectively). Movements were restricted to the shoulder and elbow and supported on a horizontal plane by a frictionless air-jet system. Subjects received visual feedback only of the final hand position with respect to the start and target locations. For motivation, points were awarded based on final position accuracy for movements completed within an interval of 400–600 ms. For all subjects, the right and left hands showed a similar time course of improvement in final position accuracy over repeated trials. After task adaptation, final position accuracy was similar for both hands; however, the hand trajectories and joint coordination patterns during the movements were systematically different. Right hand paths showed medial to lateral curvatures that were consistent in magnitude for all target directions, whereas the left hand paths had lateral to medial curvatures that increased in magnitude across the three target directions. Inverse dynamic analysis revealed substantial differences in the coordination of muscle and intersegmental torques for the left and right arms. Although left elbow muscle torque contributed largely to elbow acceleration, right arm coordination was characterized by a proximal control strategy, in which movement of both joints was primarily driven by the effects of shoulder muscles. In addition, right hand path direction changes were independent of elbow interaction torque impulse, indicating skillful coordination of muscle actions with intersegmental dynamics. In contrast, left hand path direction changes varied directly with elbow interaction torque impulse. These findings strongly suggest that distinct neural control mechanisms are employed for dominant and non dominant arm movements. However, whether interlimb differences in neural strategies are a consequence of asymmetric use of the two arms, or vice versa, is not yet understood. The implications for neural organization of voluntary movement control are discussed.
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Parks, G. K., S. Datta, M. McCarthy, R. P. Lin, H. Reme, J. A. Sauvaud, T. Sanderson, W. Baumjohann, G. Haerendel i K. Torkar. "Magnetopause boundary structure deduced from the high-time resolution particle experiment on the Equator-S spacecraft". Annales Geophysicae 17, nr 12 (31.12.1999): 1574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1574-3.
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Abstract. An electrostatic analyser (ESA) onboard the Equator-S spacecraft operating in coordination with a potential control device (PCD) has obtained the first accurate electron energy spectrum with energies ≈7 eV–100 eV in the vicinity of the magnetopause. On 8 January, 1998, a solar wind pressure increase pushed the magnetopause inward, leaving the Equator-S spacecraft in the magnetosheath. On the return into the magnetosphere approximately 80 min later, the magnetopause was observed by the ESA and the solid state telescopes (the SSTs detected electrons and ions with energies ≈20–300 keV). The high time resolution (3 s) data from ESA and SST show the boundary region contains of multiple plasma sources that appear to evolve in space and time. We show that electrons with energies ≈7 eV–100 eV permeate the outer regions of the magnetosphere, from the magnetopause to ≈6Re. Pitch-angle distributions of ≈20–300 keV electrons show the electrons travel in both directions along the magnetic field with a peak at 90° indicating a trapped configuration. The IMF during this interval was dominated by Bx and By components with a small Bz.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (magnetopause · cusp · and boundary layers; magnetospheric configuration and dynamics; solar wind · magnetosphere interactions)
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Mytsenko, Ye. "Determining the level of psychomotor development by 4 years old children". Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), nr 5(150) (27.05.2022): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.5(150).13.
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The tools development for assessing the individual development level of psychomotor skills that meet the modern requirements of pedagogical practice is an important scientific task.
One of the key conditions for its solution is the necessity to cover regularly and fully the testing process of the full range of available to humans as a class, motor acts and mechanisms for their provision.
The optimal theoretical platform for this is the movements coordination theory of Mykola Bernstein.
Goal. Determine the psychomotor development level of 4 years old children. Objectives: to identify psychomotor development indicators of 4 years old children; determine the confidence interval of the mean value and estimate the variance of the values for each of the selected indicators by 4 years old children. Taking into account the age characteristics of the target contingent for 4 years old children, five groups of psychomotor development indicators were identified on the basis of Mykola Bernstein’s level theory of movements coordination.
To be exact: to assess the work of level "A" – Romberg’s test, pulling the rope through the steps of the wall bars, involuntary movement of the back in the process of tilting the head; for level "B" - placing chips on the board, moving the chip to a distance, stopping a tennis ball and reproducing a three-dimensional figure from modeling clay, made without visual control; for level "C" - moving at speed with obstacles, throwing at a target, redrawing elements of a simple, schematic drawing; for level "D" - fastening of clothespins on a wall of a paper cup, carrying out a hoop on the trajectory set by a rope; for level "E" - spontaneous expanded speech.
The data of 25 participants group were studied and analyzed, who at the beginning of the three months practical part of the study were already 48 months old and at the same time not older than 60 month old. The confidence intervals of the mean values for each of the selected indicators of psychomotor development of 4 years old children were determined and their variance was estimated, namely the arithmetic mean, confidence interval estimation of the parameter and standard deviation.
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Li, Qiang, Kazuhiro Hori, Kazuhiro Murakami, Yoshitomo Minagi, Yoshinobu Maeda, Yongjin Chen i Takahiro Ono. "Noninvasive Evaluation of the Biomechanical Accommodations to Bolus Volume during Human Swallowing". Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2022 (14.10.2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7146947.
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Bolus volume is very important in the biomechanics of swallowing. By noninvasively characterizing swallow responses to volume challenges, we can gain more knowledge on swallowing and evaluate swallowing behavior easily. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of bolus volume on the biomechanical characteristics of oropharyngeal swallowing events with a noninvasive sensing system. Fifteen healthy male subjects were recruited and instructed to swallow 5, 10, and 15 ml of water. The sensing system consisted of a tongue pressure sensor sheet, bend sensor, surface electrodes, and a microphone. They were used to monitor tongue pressure, hyoid activity, surface EMG of swallowing-related muscles, and swallowing sound, respectively. In addition to the onset, the peak time and offset of the above four structures, certain characteristics, such as the duration, peak value, and interval of the structure motions, were measured during the different drinking tasks. The coordination between the hyoid movement and tongue pressure was also assessed. Although no sequence of the structural events changed with volume, most of the timings of the structural events were significantly delayed, except for certain hyoid activities. The swallowing volume did not affect the active durations of the monitored structures, the peak values, or intervals of tongue pressure and supra- and infrahyoid muscle activity, but certain hyoid kinetic phases were prolonged when a larger volume was swallowed. Additionally, sequential coordination between hyoid movement and tongue pressure was confirmed among the three volumes. These findings suggest that oropharyngeal structural movements change in response to bolus volume to facilitate safe swallowing. The noninvasive and quantitative measurements taken with the sensing system provide essential information for understanding normal oropharyngeal swallowing.
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Young, Susanne Yvette, Martin Kidd i Soraya Seedat. "Motor Timing Outcome Differences between Patients with Alcohol- and/or Cocaine Use Disorder in a Rehabilitation Program". Timing & Time Perception 7, nr 1 (11.01.2019): 48–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134468-20181137.
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Substance Use Disorders (SUD) lead to brain structural and functional deficits associated with cognitive and social functioning in affected individuals and can impact on treatment outcomes. The lack of behavioural autonomy is underpinned by direct reward, high impulsivity and difficulties in planning behaviour. The motor cortex — as part of a neural mechanism accounting for action and intention — plays a fundamental role in complex cognition, motor performance and coordination. The study sample consisted of 74 abstinent patients, aged 18–60 years, diagnosed with alcohol and/or cocaine dependence who were all inpatients at a private treatment programme for drug/alcohol dependence in South Africa. The main questions addressed were whether motor timing abilities would improve over time (as a function of recovery) in patients admitted to a rehabilitation programme for SUD, and if there were between-group differences. Timing abilities in SUD improved with prolonged abstinence. Timing in decision making (cognitive control) did not improve over time, nor did movement coordination. Rhythmic abilities and synchronisation with external events, as well as spatial abilities, improved with prolonged abstinence. The recovery of rhythmic and synchronisation abilities differed between the groups. This study shows for the first time that motor timing abilities can recover significantly with prolonged abstinence with differences in recovery between SUD populations. Improvements in interval timing only (both in time and in space) were observed. Not all motor timing abilities, and not every type of SUD, recovered equally, thereby suggesting that different substances may affect the brain differently with regard to timing abilities. These findings suggest that motor timing should further be investigated in different clinical settings.
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Dirmyer, Victoria F. "Using Real-Time Syndromic Surveillance to Analyze the Impact of a Cold Weather Event in New Mexico". Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2185704.
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Objective. This report describes the development of a novel syndromic cold weather syndrome for use in monitoring the impact of cold weather events on emergency department attendance. Methods. Syndromic messages from seven hospitals were analyzed for ED visits that occurred over a 12-day period. A cold weather syndrome was defined using terms in the self-reported chief complaint field as well as specific ICD-10-CM codes related to cold weather. A κ statistic was calculated to assess the overall agreement between the chief complaint field and diagnosis fields to further refine the cold weather syndrome definition. Results. Of the 3,873 ED visits that were reported, 487 were related to the cold weather event. Sixty-three percent were identified by a combination of diagnosis codes and chief complaints. Overall agreement between chief complaint and diagnosis codes was moderate (κ=0.50; 95% confidence interval = 0.48–0.52). Conclusion. Due to the near real-time reporting of syndromic surveillance data, analysis results can be acted upon. Results from this analysis will be used in the state’s emergency operations plan (EOP) for cold weather and winter storms. The EOP will provide guidance for mobilization of supplies/personnel, preparation of roadways and pedestrian walkways, and the coordination efforts of multiple state agencies.
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Lange, Katharine Rae, Cheryl Fischer, Prajwal Rajappa, Scott Connors, David Pisapia, Jeffrey P. Greenfield, Himisha Beltran, Mark Rubin, Juan Miguel Mosquera i Yasmin Khakoo. "Rapid autopsy of a patient with recurrent anaplastic ependymoma". Palliative and Supportive Care 16, nr 2 (25.09.2017): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951517000864.
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ABSTRACTObjective:Our aim was to outline a procedure for obtaining a rapid autopsy in order to collect high-quality postmortem tissue for genomic analysis.Methods:This report details a bi-institutional collaborative effort to coordinate a rapid autopsy for a pediatric patient who had died at home. We discuss the scientific rationale for offering a rapid autopsy to caregivers of pediatric patients as well as parental perspectives on broaching the subject of autopsy. We then review the logistics and coordination involved with planning a rapid autopsy and the sequence of events needed to maximize tissue quality.Results:We report the successful coordination of a rapid autopsy for a patient who died in a hospice setting at her out-of-state home. The time interval from death to the start of the rapid autopsy procedure was 4.5 hours, despite the logistical considerations demanded by the location of the patient. Tumor aliquots and nonneoplastic tissues were successfully snap frozen for downstream genomic studies.Significance of Results:Physicians should consider trialing a rapid autopsy program at their institution that could be offered to caregivers of pediatric patients. This case report offers a framework to help clinicians develop their own rapid autopsy programs as well as guidelines to help streamline this process for appropriate candidates going forward.
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Losk, Katya, Sarah Kadish, Mehra Golshan, Nancy Lin, Judith Hirshfield-Bartek, Linda Cutone, Craig A. Bunnell i Saul Weingart. "Reducing breast cancer chemotherapy treatment delays by improving the transition from surgical to medical oncology." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, nr 31_suppl (1.11.2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.31_suppl.51.
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51 Background: Delayed chemotherapy is associated with adverse clinical outcomes for breast cancer patients. Few studies have examined the processes of care within administrative staff and providers’ control that might affect the timeliness of breast cancer care. Coordinating transitions of care from surgical to medical oncology to eliminate variation is essential in ensuring timely chemotherapy for patients after surgery. This study evaluated the time of transition from surgery to medical oncology when administrative change of practice was implemented. Methods: We studied 192 consecutive breast cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy. The interval between last definitive surgery and initiation of chemotherapy was calculated by integrating billing and scheduling data. Using process improvement methods a multidisciplinary team identified the opportunity to reduce delays in care coordination by scheduling the surgery, surgical post-op appointment, and medical oncology follow-up appointments simultaneously. Furthermore, responsibility for scheduling the medical oncology follow-up appointment was shifted and standardized from medical to surgical oncology administrative staff. Criteria for acceptable timeliness of appointments and escalation pathways for when provider availability was limited were established. The intervention targeted patients whose initial consultation with a breast surgeon and medical oncologist occurred on the same day, the standard practice at our institution. Results: Implementation of the interventions decreased the time from surgery to chemotherapy by six days. The standard deviation also declined, suggesting that the intervention reduced process variability. Conclusions: Standardizing administrative practices between breast surgery and medical oncology has led to a significant decrease in the time from last definitive surgery to initiation of chemotherapy and in the variability of that delay. [Table: see text]
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Zhang, Jianrong, Jasmeen Oberoi, Napin Karnchanachari, Paige Druce, Maarten J. IJzerman i Jon D. Emery. "The timeliness of lung cancer care: A systematic review of systematic/scoping reviews on risk factors and interventions." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, nr 15_suppl (20.05.2021): e18575-e18575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18575.
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e18575 Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and over half of lung cancer cases are diagnosed with advanced stage, indicating an urgent need to improve the timeliness of lung cancer services. In this systematic review of systematic and scoping reviews, we summarize the current evidence of risk factors and interventions on diagnostic and treatment intervals. Methods: Eligible articles were published systematic or scoping reviews and meta-analyses that used systematic searching to investigate risk factors for longer time intervals or interventions aimed to reduce time intervals in original studies on lung cancer, based on at least one interval involving the date of diagnosis as the start or end point. Articles were searched via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library; the date range of the search was from database inception to 6 August 2020 (PROSPERO identifier: CRD42020203530). Results: A total of 16 systematic/scoping reviews published in 2002-2020 were included (10 on risk factors and 9 on interventions). According to these reviews, we found that risk factors had intersected impacts on the increase of diagnostic and treatment intervals. However, these factors could be summarized based on tumor, patient, healthcare provider and healthcare system levels as: (tumor level) adenocarcinoma, small size; (patient level) living in a rural area, lower education level, lower-income level, longer travel distance, non-specific symptom, non-white race (in the USA), fear and lack of knowledge about lung cancer; (healthcare provider level) low index of suspicion, multiple consultations for diagnosis, missed diagnosis; (healthcare system level) long waiting time for hospitalization, health system’s incapacity to treat all patients, high cost, inaccessibility or lack of diagnostic tools/investigations, poor organization and management of health services. To reduce time intervals, these reviews indicated that effective interventions include multidisciplinary teams or clinics, lung-specific clinics, nurse navigation or other care coordination program. In these reviews, we found that the types of time intervals used in original studies were poorly reported. Conclusions: Therisk factors identified from the current reviews indicate disparities in timely access to lung cancer services, as well as potential for improvements to reduce waiting time at the patient, healthcare provider and healthcare system levels. To reduce waiting time, effective interventions suggested from the current reviews should be considered for implementation.
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Potkány, Marek, Simona Hašková, Petra Lesníková i Jarmila Schmidtová. "PERCEPTION OF ESSENCE OF CONTROLLING AND ITS USE IN MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES IN TIME OF CRISIS: DOES CONTROLLING FULFILL ITS ESSENCE?" Journal of Business Economics and Management 23, nr 4 (6.09.2022): 957–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2022.17391.
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The use of controlling in the business sphere is relatively broad and its essence can be perceived diversely by enterprises of different sectors and sizes. The aim of the research is to identify the current state of the use of controlling in Slovak manufacturing enterprises with an assessment of the perception of its essence in terms of capital structure and business performance measured by the Return on Sales (ROS). Total of 347 enterprises were asked by means of stratified sampling in 2020. Goodness-of-fit test was used when examining the representativeness of the research sample and for individual hypotheses the two-sample test of relative frequencies, relative frequency test, 95% interval estimates of relative frequencies, contingency and Pearson’s chi-square test were applied. Testing confirmed the existence of statistically significant correlation between the capital structure of manufacturing enterprises and the level of wider perception and practical use of the essence of controlling in relation to the performance measured by ROS. In conclusion is demonstrated that the potential of controlling in enterprises is not fully used, especially in the form of comprehensive secondary coordination of management and the possible directions of using it are outlined, with a positive impact on business performance.