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Novianti, Neva, Siti Rahmi i Zaitul Zaitul. "Effect of Corporate Governance on Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Values: Empirical Evidence from Manufacturing Companies in Indonesia". Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business 6, nr 1 (26.03.2022): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v6i1.434.
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Corporate governance (CG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are no longer voluntary. However, it has become a mandatory for every company, especially in increasing the value of the company, although there are still many pros and cons. This study aims to investigate the effect of CG practices on CSR as well as the influence of CG and CSR on firm value. The object of this research is manufacturing companies (Basic Industry and Chemical and Consumer Goods Industry Industry) which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2010-2018. Based on the process of sample selection (purposive sampling) 55 companies were obtained so there were 495 observations of research data. There are two research models tested in this study. First, it uses CG and CSR practices as independent variables and company value as the dependent variable. The second uses CG practice as an independent variable and CSR as the dependent variable. In the first model only CSR has a significant effect on the t-sig value of 0,000 (0,000 <0.05). The second model shows that CG has no significant influence on CSR.
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Antosova, Maria, Andrea Senova i Adriana Csikosova. "System of Supplier’s Selection and Evaluation for Increasing of Buying Process Effectiveness in the Company". Applied Mechanics and Materials 708 (grudzień 2014): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.708.257.
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In presented contribution there were solved problems of purchasing process as a core task of every production company focusing on the evaluation and selection of suppliers. This issue was investigated in the manufacturing businesses operating in the metallurgical industry. Thorough analysis of the current status of the evaluation and selection of suppliers for the company were reached conclusions that were determinants of changes in those activities. When reviewing the evaluation and selection of activities was used principal components analysis and scoring model. With them were found the pros and cons of the current model, as well as direct interaction between the evaluation criteria. The aim of this was therefore propose model evaluation and selection of suppliers with an emphasis on improving the efficiency of operations in a buying context of business.
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Barkova, N. Yu. "PRACTICE OF USING MANUFACTURING OUTSOURCING AND POSSIBLE SUPPLY CHAINS TRANSFORMATION IN THE FASHION INDUSTRY". Vestnik Universiteta, nr 5 (16.07.2020): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-5-121-128.
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The structure of supply chains in the fashion industry has been considered, their main participants have been highlighted. The pros and cons of international production outsourcing for companies working in this industry also have been reviewed. The main factors that are prerequisites for possible changes in the configuration of global supply chains in the fashion industry have been designated. The impact of digital technologies on the configuration of supply chains has been evaluated. The functioning of the «fast «digital factories of Adidas «Speedfactory» and «Faberlic» company has been analysed, which use digital technologies in the production process of manufacturing goods in the fashion industry and are aimed at the maximum reduction of the inventory fulfillment cycle in the fashion industry.
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Chen, Xiaotong, i Yifan Chen. "Corporation Valuation aiming at Financial Investment Purpose on Contemporary Lithium-ion Battery Manufacturer Giants". BCP Business & Management 34 (14.12.2022): 1472–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v34i.3201.
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The importance of lithium-ion battery manufacturing is obvious in the current modern economy. As automobile manufacturers are considering environmentally friendly solutions, there are several giant lithium-ion battery manufacturer companies that have started to dominate the market. However, from the perspective of investors, it is harder for the public to understand the hidden clues behind the news and financial reports. By applying functions and indexes to the data provided in the annual financial report, the paper is aiming to analyze the potential profitability and risk within the firms to help the public with more specific and objective financial investment suggestions. The main factors that will affect the investment opinion being discussed in the text are the leverage ratio and beta asset (financial risk). Comparing the difference and meanings of these factors, the statistics would become vivid and understandable. As the conclusion suggested, every company could have its pros and cons. With higher risk, there is also a higher return accompanied. It would be critical for the investor to evaluate their level of risk tolerance and choose the company that fits their preference.
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Matsumoto, Takashi, i Minoru Komatsu. "Verification of educational effect for innovation practice on electrical technology". South Florida Journal of Development 2, nr 5 (22.11.2021): 7616–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv2n5-095.
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There is a need to develop human resources who can play an active role in the intense competition of international society. We created a practice in which students acquire fundamental competency by working on electrical technologies in a virtual company. By starting a mock company on their own, the first aim for students is to learn basic company management, the second aim is for them to acquire the skills required as a member of society, and the third aim is for them to gain knowledge about the latest technology in the field of electrical technology. Students learn about company management systems through participation in administrative procedures such as manufacturing, sales, personnel and accounting practices. In order to establish a company related to electrical technology, it is necessary to analyze cutting-edge technologies in each field (electric power, electronics, robots, AI, IoT, entertainment, etc.), and second-year students can begin their investigation, which is the same as learning about research backgrounds previously conducted primarily in graduation research. The mock company requires a collection of capital and performs all costs related to the business using a virtual currency called ANET Coins. Teachers make investments as shareholders or request proposals from the students' company as virtual currency holders. All information related to this practice is managed on the LMS (Learning Management System). This practice is a chance to recognize and act in various situations and will become an opportunity for reflection. The results of the student surveys regarding the improvement of competency, which working adults are required to have, showed that this practice is more effective than any prior experiences. In this paper, we show the contents of the innovation practice on electrical technologies and describe the verification of the educational effect from student surveys. This practice can be widely applied in the field of Education.
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Czajkowski, Marcin. "Managing SME with an innovative hybrid cost of quality model". Measuring Business Excellence 21, nr 4 (20.11.2017): 351–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbe-06-2016-0031.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically examine existing models for cost of quality. Having identified issues and limitations of historic models, develop and implement a novel, structured hybrid cost of quality model to identify and effectively manage cost of company’s product. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical framework is proposed based on an integration of three existing, historical cost of quality models into a structured hybrid model. Subsequently, an exploratory pilot case study in a manufacturing environment is described that illustrates the value of the model. Findings The paper manages to find how a hybrid model can help identify cost of quality more accurately than the traditional models. Thanks to the new model, the author shows how gaps between product’s theoretical and actual costs can be highlighted. This allows management to drive down cost of quality and improve business performance. Research limitations/implications The model would benefit from a company-wide implementation. The present study provides a starting point for further research in the international manufacturing sector. Practical implications The framework improves the knowledge of cost of quality by providing a new case study with full results and analysis from a UK-based manufacturing company. It provides a critical re-evaluation of available literature, including the most recent publications as far as practically possible within timescale available. The study shows the importance of comprehensive cost collection if companies are to have the right data needed to manage business excellence. Originality/value The paper presents a development of the first structured hybrid model for measuring cost of quality using the strongest points of main three approaches and addresses their limitations. It gives new arguments against allocation of some cost elements within BS 6143-2:1990, resulting in recommendations for further brainstorming of pros and cons of the suggestion.
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Stone, Jamie, Guillermo Garcia-Garcia i Shahin Rahimifard. "Selection of Sustainable Food Waste Valorisation Routes: A Case Study with Barley Field Residue". Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, nr 11 (23.10.2019): 5733–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00816-5.
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Abstract Purpose It is increasingly accepted in the food and drink manufacturing sector that there is a need to manage unavoidable food waste more sustainably. Yet to do so requires careful balancing of environmental, social and economic performance of any given treatment method alongside its technological maturity and alignment with that company’s wider business goals. The purpose of this article is to apply a novel Sustainable Waste Valorisation Identification (SWaVI) framework which considers these criteria to a case study with Molson Coors to identify whether the current strategy of using In Field Barley Straw Residue as animal feed is the most sustainable. Methods Data was collected via a series of interviews with Molson Coors in spring 2017. Data analysis used a hybrid approach combining Cost–Benefit Analysis and Life-Cycle Assessment with a weighted summation variant of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis to facilitate comparison of supercritical CO2 extraction of wax from straw, with the current strategy of selling that straw as animal feed. Results Application of the SWaVI framework suggests that supercritical CO2 extraction of wax from straw offers a slightly worse Net Present Value compared to sale as animal feed (£89.1 million compared to £95.3 million) but superior social impacts, technological maturity and alignment with company goals making it superior overall. Conclusions Whilst the supercritical CO2 extraction of wax offers the best sustainability and business case performance for Molson Coors, a range of other factors such as long-term market demand, alignment with relevant legislation, and displacement effects on supply chain stakeholders must be considered. Graphic Abstract
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Afiana, Fiby Nur, Zanuar Rifai i Willy Ardo Frilisia. "Integrasi Technology Readiness dan Technology Acceptance Model Terhadap Kesiapan Pengguna Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) pada Industri Pengolahan Kelapa Organik". Jurnal Sistem Informasi Bisnis 14, nr 2 (1.03.2024): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.21456/vol14iss2pp100-110.
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The manufacturing engineering technology that is widely used to integrate activities, financial management, production, and projects into human resource management is Enterprise Resource Planning. One of them is Odoo which is utilized by an organic coconut processing company in Banyumas Regency. Investment in technology often raises pros and cons in a company, where technology investment cannot immediately provide benefits. So the attitude of Human Resources and the level of user readiness for the Adoo application really needs to be studied. The TRAM (Technology Readiness and Acceptance and Odel) method is a combination of the concepts of the Technology Readiness and Technology Acceptance Model, used to determine the effect of user readiness on technology acceptance in a company with the addition of one variable, namely perceived enjoyment. The results obtained by the five hypotheses are stated to have a positive and significant effect, while the two hypotheses are stated to have a negative and insignificant effect. Technology Readiness has a positive and significant effect on Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Enjoyment, and Intention to use Odoo while Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use have a negative and insignificant effect on Intention to use Odoo. Perceived Enjoyment has a positive and significant effect on the Intention to use Odoo and is a factor that quite influences the readiness and acceptance of new technology. The results of the research can be used by companies to weigh and decide how the company is going towards technology. Considering that the cost of adopting technology is sufficient and significant, it cannot immediately provide benefits to the company, but the benefits can be felt several years later.
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Thilmany, Jean. "The Death of the Filing Cabinet". Mechanical Engineering 131, nr 12 (1.12.2009): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2009-dec-5.
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This paper highlights managing engineering documents electronically—that is, via a computer system on which users share files—enables all engineers to be on the same page, literally. But benefits extend far beyond what is called as version control. Those engineering firms that need to keep documents to comply with regulatory requirements find the software to be vital. Digital management prevents too many cooks (or engineers) from spoiling the design soup by ensuring only one person at a time gets to make changes to a drawing or document. Workflow management means incipient designs can pass between pertinent mechanical engineers, analysts, and manufacturing engineers at the proper time in the design cycle. The experience of the engineers at AWB Engineers, a consulting firm in Salisbury, Md., is pretty typical of the benefits of managing documents electronically. While the engineers there were doing their best to control the overwhelming number of documents, CAD files, change orders, and the like that flowed through the company every day, managers still ran into trouble.
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Lazuardi, Naufal Fais. "ANALISIS PENERAPAN ISO 14001 UNTUK MENUNJANG KESELAMATAN KERJA PADA PT. UNITED STEEL CENTER MENGGUNAKAN METODE HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK ASSESMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC)". Industry Xplore 8, nr 2 (22.09.2023): 310–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36805/teknikindustri.v8i2.5281.
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PT. United Steel Center Indonesia-Karawang is a company engaged in manufacturing that focuses on blanking steel coins for automotive or non-automotive. The TKG and TWB departments were chosen to be the object of research based on data regarding the highest number of work accident incidents in 2021 and there are still manual processes involving humans. The method used is the HIRARC method, a method that combines hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk control to avoid or minimize work accidents. There are 3 problems that occur in the TKG department and 2 problems in the TWB department. Therefore, it is necessary to update the SOP, especially regarding the use of PPE, which replaces the safety hand and safety leg with a universal size so that it can adjust to the size of each employee's hands and feet, adding earmuff PPE for noisy work, wearing a Gas Respirator mask for anti-oiling work. rust, and the use of safety hands during the input welding process.Keywords: HIRARC; Work Accident ;PPE.
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Loučanová, Erika, i Miriam Olšiaková. "PROPOSAL OF A MODEL FOR THE ECO-INNOVATION INTEGRATION INTO THE INNOVATION PROCESS OF COMPANIES IN SLOVAKIA TO INCREASE THEIR PERFORMANCE". Acta logistica 8, nr 3 (30.09.2021): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/al.v8i3.216.
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The issue of innovations, as well as ecological innovations, is a concept in Slovakia, to which considerable attention is paid because they affect all spheres of society. They relate to production, logistics, sales, and the consumers, who decide on their acceptance on the market. However, the success of innovation in the market depends on several factors that influence the innovation process. They are not just determinants that act pro-innovation and thus support innovation and innovation process. In the innovation process, some factors have the opposite effect and result in forces that suppress the creation of innovation. Therefore, in this article, we focus on mapping the state of pros and cons of innovation forces acting on companies’ innovation process in Slovakia. Based on the above findings, we have identified a large interest in implementing innovations, using an open innovation system to implement innovations and implementing eco-innovation. On the other hand, we have also identified negative factors influencing companies’ innovation process such as lack of financial resources, high bureaucracy, lack of relevant information for creating innovations, low awareness of eco-innovation, etc. Subsequently, based on the findings, we proposed a model for eco-innovation integration into companies’ innovation process in Slovakia, which was the paper’s aim. The proposed model eliminates mainly the negative influencing factors of the innovation process in companies, and at the same time, it should support them for the innovation direction. Implementing the proposed model should lead to an innovation increase in companies, but their positive impact also applies to environmental support and an overall increase in the company´s efficiency in Slovakia.
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Кудинкин, А. Г., Н. С. Крыжановский i Т. А. Цветкова. "Fundamentals of the development of the "human - artificial intelligence" system when managing economic risks". Вестник МИРБИС, nr 3(35) (2.11.2023): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25634/mirbis.2023.3.9.
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Современные процессы цифровизации охватили практически все сферы публичной жизни человечества. Цифровые технологии стали неотъемлемой частью жизни человека. Происходят цифровые трансформации, вследствие чего наблюдается тенденция увеличения внедрения и применения передовых технологий. функционирование любой сферы деятельности человека сложно представить без компьютерных, электронных и других цифровых технологий. Интернет, информационные сети стали основным способом коммуникации и обмена информацией в бизнесе. Все процессы, которые протекают в фирме, начиная с получения заказов, организации документооборота, общения с клиентами и заканчивая управлением всей организацией, переходят в цифровой формат. Целью статьи является анализ влияния искусственного интеллекта на цифровизацию экономики. Проводится анализ влияния использования технологий на российскую экономику. Исследованы перспективы развития таких отраслей экономики благодаря искусственному интеллекту, как медицина, торговля, финансовый сектор, аграрная промышленность, транспорт, обрабатывающая промышленность, строительство, энергетика, образование и кибербезопасность. Также авторы рассматривают применение искусственного интеллекта в управлении экономическими рисками различных предприятий. Выделяют плюсы и минусы применения технологий искусственного интеллекта. Modern digitalization processes have covered almost all spheres of public life of mankind. Digital technologies have become an integral part of human life. Digital transformations are taking place, as a result of which there is a tendency to increase the introduction and use of advanced technologies. the functioning of any sphere of human activity is difficult to imagine without computer, electronic and other digital technologies. The Internet, information networks have become the main way of communication and information exchange in business. All processes that take place in the company, from receiving orders, organizing document management, communicating with customers and ending with the management of the entire organization, are moving into a digital format. The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on the digitalization of the economy. An analysis is made of the impact of the use of technology on the Russian economy. The prospects for the development of such sectors of the economy thanks to artificial intelligence as medicine, trade, the financial sector, the agricultural industry, transport, manufacturing, construction, energy, education and cybersecurity have been studied. The authors also consider the use of artificial intelligence in managing the economic risks of various enterprises. The pros and cons of using artificial intelligence technologies are highlighted.
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Faridi, Mohammad Rishad, Arun Patni, Ryhan Ebad i Neelima Patni. "Wax and wane: a case study of Flying Colours". Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 12, nr 2 (5.04.2022): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-01-2021-0015.
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Learning outcomes At the end of the case study discussion, students will able to state the importance of outsourcing with comparing pros and cons in business decision-making; review the value bestowed to the community in using sustainable raw material while at the same time conserving the ancient style of artwork particular to the area; discuss the utility of the products manufactured by “Flying Colours,” especially for the lockdown period which was because of the pandemic; and demonstrate and interpret the use of shark and mosquito bite matrix. Case overview/synopsis Arun Kumar Patni, 47, and his wife Neelima Patni, 43, are co-founders of Flying Colours, a start-up company based in Jaipur, in the state of Rajasthan, India. Their enterprise was engaged in the manufacturing and marketing of bird products and accessories, including bird feeders, bird houses, earthen water bowls, etc. In July 2020, post-lockdown, they were desperate to hire carpenters to restart their factory. However, COVID-19 posed a serious challenge, making it very difficult to replace their skilled carpenters, who had returned to their native places and had not come back. This disrupted production and order fulfilment. Keeping this situation in perspective in anticipation of the continuing pandemic crisis, Neelima was in favour of outsourcing basic production and designing the birdfeed decoration and artwork in-house. Meanwhile, Arun instead favoured continuing full in-house production as before, by hiring replacement carpenters. Yet for an in-house full-scale production, procuring raw material was a difficult task because of the lockdown. The situation had earlier taken a turn for the worse when Arun had advertised an exchange marketing policy to let customers return their old bird feeders for a 20% discount on a new one. This campaign was a huge success and resulted in a sales spike but unfortunately it caused a huge stock of returned products in their warehouse. Arun initially planned to repair and resell them as refurbished products. It now seemed impossible, because local carpenters demanded higher labour charges than the regular carpenters did. Flying Colours had provided skills workshops and hired external trainers to train unskilled carpenters prior to lockdown, so now all the training investment was in vain. Cash liquidity, sales, marketing, etc. were almost at a standstill. Complexity academic level This case particularly focuses on undergraduate-level students pursuing business or commerce programs, especially those studying core course: Entrepreneurial Strategic Management. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Jabeen, Muneebah, i Virginia Bodolica. "Mitigating methanol: how a deadly plant became a beloved resource". Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 13, nr 3 (17.10.2023): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-04-2023-0139.
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Learning outcomes The learning outcomes of this study are to estimate the complexities associated with the management of a novel business idea in the context of emerging markets; to demonstrate an understanding of entrepreneurial action and strategic adaptation under various challenges of the business world; to apply the principles of design thinking and innovation to analyze the sustainability of a social enterprise; and to evaluate the pros and cons of different strategic options and provide viable recommendations for future development. Case overview/synopsis Many riverine communities in Nigeria battled water hyacinth spread for decades, until Achenyo Idachaba-Obaro contributed her time, creativity and innovation to resolve the issue. She sacrificed her successful computer science career in the USA to launch her social enterprise, MitiMeth. The startup aimed to resolve the unaddressed environmental problems of her home country and to provide a decent living to the vulnerable community of indigenous artisans. This case study discusses Idachaba-Obaro’s efforts in researching the alternative usages of the water hyacinth weed under the condition of a limited availability of resources. Considering Nigeria’s creative arts culture and dismal socioeconomic conditions, she chose to weave the weed into handmade artifacts by educating herself and training local artisans to manufacture and sell handicrafts in the market. To receive financial support and attract environmentally conscious customers, Idachaba-Obaro had to participate in funding competitions, regularly attend exhibitions and partner with private entities, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and government authorities. This case study further elaborates on multiple hindrances associated with female entrepreneurial activities in a conservative Nigerian society characterized by marginalization, social stigma and gender-based stereotypes. Despite many challenges ensuing from a limited market access in rural areas, high unemployment rates and low levels of disposable incomes in the country, MitiMeth ambitioned to maintain its culture of creativity and innovation. The team regularly studied materials used and conducted brainstorming sessions with artisans to launch new items, improve existing products and incorporate needed alterations based on customer feedback and special demands. MitiMeth made its notable contribution toward the achievement of several sustainable development goals, while striving to continuously increase remittances to working artisans. Recently, the company was challenged by the vertiginous technological advancements of the digital era, as many businesses around the globe used machines to upscale their operations. Idachaba-Obaro pondered whether she should use technology in product manufacturing processes or focus on her commitment to provide a livelihood to local artisans and preserve the authentic look-and-feel of handmade crafts. Complexity academic level This case study is for an upper-level undergraduate audience. Supplementary material Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CCS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Malya, Sapna, i Renuka Kamath. "Mangalam Organics Limited: making camphor grow innovatively". Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 14, nr 2 (14.06.2024): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-12-2023-0454.
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Learning outcomes The case study will provide an opportunity for students to identify the challenges a business-to-business (B2B) organization in a commodity product category faces in a growing environment. The students will learn to analyze and evaluate different strategies for growth and profitability. The students will be equipped to make decisions based on financial and nonfinancial data and the trade-offs therein. The case study will enable students to understand the application of the concept of operating leverage in different business conditions. Case overview/synopsis The leadership team at Mangalam Organics Limited (MOL) was worried about the company’s future in December 2021. The chief strategy officer (CSO), Akshay Dujodwala; the chairman, Kamal Dujodwala and the managing director, Pankaj Dujodwala had watched MOL go through many ups and downs. MOL manufactured camphor powder and supplied it to tableters [1], who would convert it into tablets, essentially used for Puja [2] purposes in India. Camphor was a white, waxy terpenoid with a strong aroma. It was mainly a commodity business with no pricing power when MOL supplied it in bulk to tableters. They had ventured into the business-to-customer (B2C) [3] space with their consumer brand “Mangalam” camphor tablets, positioned for religious uses in homes. However, this formed a very small percentage of their turnover. With thin margins and a low growth rate, it was difficult for MOL to sustain and grow, especially in the B2B [4] business. To make matters worse, their manufacturing unit caught fire in 2015, causing a major blow to their business. Under the leadership of their CSO, Akshay, they implemented strategies that helped the company bring down costs and wastage. Akshay helped MOL diversify further into the B2C market through their brands, “CamPure” for home care products and “Cam+” for health-care products. Huge expenditures on marketing and advertising were incurred to promote these brands. The COVID-19 pandemic watched the world go through a terrible phase with lockdown and rising health issues (both physical and mental). Camphor found an interesting place in immunity and religious purposes due to its aromatherapy properties and evoking feelings of relaxation. The newfound use helped MOL achieve an unexpectedly higher turnover. But Akshay knew that camphor, by itself, was fickle in providing profitability. To sustain growth post-COVID-19, MOL would urgently need to look for growth options. After giving it a lot of thought, he was faced with three options – he could either focus on CamPure as a B2C option, or concentrate completely on camphor powder and aroma as an existing B2B option or take the third option to go in for a first of its kind exclusive stores for all types of puja items called Pooja Sangam. While all these options had their own pros and cons, he had to now decide which was the best financially viable option for MOL as a way forward. Complexity academic level The case study is designed at the postgraduate level in an Master of Business Administration and executive education programs. Given the nature of the issues in the case study, it can be included in courses such as business strategy and strategic marketing. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.
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Meek, Carrie, i John L. Ward. "Fel-Pro (A): A Five-Generation Winning Workplace". Kellogg School of Management Cases, 20.01.2017, 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/case.kellogg.2016.000118.
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A successful, multigeneration manufacturing family business, with progressive human resources policies, weighs the pros and cons with family owners and company employees of selling the business to meet the challenge of global competition.
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Conner, Bob, Bill Batchelor i David Gomez. "Micr -Transfer Printing for Efficient 3DHI of 100-300mm Wafers and Glass Panels". IMAPSource Proceedings 2023, DPC (16.11.2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/001c.90228.
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This paper presents an analysis of using micro-transfer printing (MTP) for three-dimensional heterogeneous integration (3DHI) of diverse components made using 100mm, 200mm and 300mm wafers with large area glass substrates. Techniques for achieving high throughput and high wafer and substrate utilization, despite their size mis-matches, are described in detail along with MTP’s pros and cons versus alternative wafer-to-wafer and die-to-wafer 3DHI technologies. MTP, a massively parallel pick-and-place process, efficiently transfers large arrays of ultra-thin (<10 micron), small, diverse components (“x-chips”) from one or more source wafers to destination substrates. MTP enables disruptive 3DHI of compound semiconductors, including GaN, GaAs, InP, SiGe and emerging materials, silicon and passive components for wireless and optical communications, power management, sensor, photonics and other analog / mixed signal applications. Since the x-chips are ultra-thin and active side up, standard copper redistribution layer (RDL) technology may be readily used to interconnect the x-chips and destination die, resulting in very short path lengths and, hence, minimum parasitics. ASM AMICRA and X Display Company supply R&D and production MTP manufacturing systems. More than twenty MTP systems are installed worldwide at X-FAB, Micross Components, Tyndall National Institute, Teledyne, the Naval Research Laboratory, the University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, the University of Ghent / imec, UPVfab and undisclosed leading manufacturers.