Artykuły w czasopismach: „CONVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGY CORPORATIONS”

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Roodt, Marco. "new age and conventional communication". Communicare: Journal for Communication Studies in Africa 19, nr 2 (31.10.2022): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v19i2.1874.

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kspite 14 joint years of working for two large Parastatal corporations and the largestFinancial Services institution on the African continent, and of late three years as anindependent communication consultant, I still have no clear-cut answer to the questionof what the future holds for conventional communication. Note that I am steeringclear of the word communications.Communications would in my view be referring to those information-technology-trainedexperts driving luxury cars at an age when they had barely qualified for a legal driver'slicence, or to the richest person in the world who has, by starting a dot.com business,surpassed in stock wealth the software wunderkid of the eighties. They are indeed alsopart and parcel of communication. The only thing is that they seem to be successfulon a large scale where people electing to qualify and practise in the field of conventionalcommunication appear to have much less to be happy about.This statement would probably further demoralise current students of communication,academia, starter-up practitioners, those who are in fact making it and let us notforget communication advisers. The question is are we making it professionally or arewe practising an unnecessary art and science? Let us, explore this issue by lookingobjectively at some pertinent communication industry (not IT) mind teasers, turningthem into statements and then arguing the realities surrounding them.

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Wachiuri, Elizabeth Wangu, Dr Esther Waiganjo, Dr Noor Ismail i Prof Romanus Odhiambo. "INFLUENCE OF SUPPLIER COMPETENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA". International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, nr 3 (14.12.2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.v1i3.214.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of supplier competence on the performance of state corporations in KenyaMethodology: The study adopted cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population was all the 187 state corporations in Kenya. The study employed a census approach. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. A pilot study was conducted to measure the research instruments reliability and validity. Descriptive statistics were used aided by Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 24 to compute percentages of respondents’ answers. Inferential statistics using linear regression and correlation analysis were applied to assist examining relationship between the research variables. The results were presented using tables and graphs.Results: The findings revealed that supplier competence explained 44.1 % of the total variations in performance of state corporations in Kenya. Further, the results indicated that the overall model was statistically significant as supported by a p value of 0.000. This was supported by an F statistic of 111.904 and the reported p value (0.000) which was less than the conventional probability of 0.05 significance level. In addition, the findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between supplier competence and performance of state corporations in Kenya as supported by a p value of 0.000 and a beta coefficient of (0.903). This implies that an increase in supplier competence by 1 unit would increase the performance of state corporations by 0.903units.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommended that suppliers should develop competent technical abilities so as to provide high quality products or services. Some of the technical dimensions that suppliers should develop competence in include; compliance with quantity, compliance with due date, compliance with packaging standard, production planning systems of suppliers, and maintenance activities of suppliers, plant layout and material. It’s also recommended that state corporations in Kenya should check frequently if supplier organisation is abreast with the newer information technology developments as technology is very dynamic and changes regularly as the technology that was used in the past is not the one we using now and it will not be the one we will use tomorrow.

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Wachiuri, Elizabeth Wangu, Dr Esther Waiganjo, Dr Noor Ismail i Prof Romanus Odhiambo. "INFLUENCE OF SUPPLIER COMPETENCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA". International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, nr 3 (14.12.2017): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.214.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of supplier competence on the performance of state corporations in KenyaMethodology: The study adopted cross-sectional survey design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population was all the 187 state corporations in Kenya. The study employed a census approach. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. A pilot study was conducted to measure the research instruments reliability and validity. Descriptive statistics were used aided by Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 24 to compute percentages of respondents’ answers. Inferential statistics using linear regression and correlation analysis were applied to assist examining relationship between the research variables. The results were presented using tables and graphs.Results: The findings revealed that supplier competence explained 44.1 % of the total variations in performance of state corporations in Kenya. Further, the results indicated that the overall model was statistically significant as supported by a p value of 0.000. This was supported by an F statistic of 111.904 and the reported p value (0.000) which was less than the conventional probability of 0.05 significance level. In addition, the findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between supplier competence and performance of state corporations in Kenya as supported by a p value of 0.000 and a beta coefficient of (0.903). This implies that an increase in supplier competence by 1 unit would increase the performance of state corporations by 0.903units.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, the study recommended that suppliers should develop competent technical abilities so as to provide high quality products or services. Some of the technical dimensions that suppliers should develop competence in include; compliance with quantity, compliance with due date, compliance with packaging standard, production planning systems of suppliers, and maintenance activities of suppliers, plant layout and material. It’s also recommended that state corporations in Kenya should check frequently if supplier organisation is abreast with the newer information technology developments as technology is very dynamic and changes regularly as the technology that was used in the past is not the one we using now and it will not be the one we will use tomorrow.

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Winnefeld, Christoph H., i Anja Permantier. "FinTech - The digital (R)Evolution in the German Banking Sector?" Business and Management Research 6, nr 3 (20.09.2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/bmr.v6n3p65.

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During the last years, the German banking sector has faced major changes due to significant progress in the technological sector and hence an increased digitalization in many areas. Changing consumer behavior and customer needs force credit institutions to adjust to these developments in order to maintain their competitiveness. An enlarged number of new financial technology (FinTech) corporations started providing financial services comparable to the ones conventional banks offer. In this context, especially the topic of robo-advice is becoming more and more relevant. Robo-advisors can be defined as digital platforms that provide automated, algorithm-driven financial planning services with little to no human supervision. In our article, we investigate robo-advisors as part of the FinTech movement and in particular analyze the eligibility of digital investment advisory service as potential alternative to conventional asset management. We specifically emphasize the influence that FinTech companies and innovations have on the German banking sector.

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Dang, Thanh Tung, Thi Thuy Tien Van Hoi, Anh Duc Nguyen, Trung Khuong Nguyen, Huong Chi Nguyen i Ngoc Trung Phan. "Climate strategies of oil and gas corporations and some recommendations for Petrovietnam". Petrovietnam Journal 1 (24.01.2022): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47800/pvj.2022.01-04.

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Climate change is a major global challenge, which is complex, unpredictable and will continue at an increasingly fast rate, causing risks and great impacts on companies and the global economy. Adapting to climate change and ensuring energy security is a challenge that any country or business in the world has to face. Although approaches may vary, all oil and gas companies need to be more proactive in responding and adapting to climate change with solutions to: (i) manage climate risks as part of their corporate risk management and (ii) develop a climate change adaptation strategy. The strategies of major IOCs and NOCs in the coming period are directed towards two major strategic trends, namely: energy transition and GHG emission reduction. Most of the Asian NOCs have either implemented low-carbon energy development solutions to gradually replace conventional energy or actively participated in GHG reduction initiatives.

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Reddy, C. Raghava, i E. Haribabu. "Biotechnology and the Industrialization of Horticulture in India". Outlook on Agriculture 31, nr 3 (wrzesień 2002): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000002101294038.

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This paper delineates changes in the organization of the production of horticultural plants as a result of the introduction of plant tissue culture techniques in India. Conventionally, horticultural plantlets have been produced in farmer-managed nurseries by using traditional plant breeding techniques such as grafting, budding, layering, seed propagation, etc. Over several centuries, the production process was organized as a craft, based on empirical experience. During the last decade, many multinational corporations and large Indian industrial companies have made substantial investments in horticulture by deploying tissue culture. In a comparative study of nurseries using conventional plant breeding techniques and plant tissue culture, it was observed that production processes had undergone several changes as a result of the introduction of tissue culture. In traditional nurseries the production process was organized according to the simple division of labour. In contrast, plant tissue culture technology was introduced within a complex organizational structure with a formal hierarchy similar to that of the manufacturing industry. Plant tissue culture has ushered in the industrialization of horticulture.

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Nizamuddin, Ali M. "Seed Incorporated". Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 19, nr 1-2 (30.03.2020): 166–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341548.

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Abstract This study investigates corporate dominance of the world’s food supply. Multinational corporations have a monopoly control over seeds and the accompanying pesticides, which is leading to the disappearance of small farms and traditional methods of farming. Due to strict patent rights, local producers are forced to buy seeds that can only be used once, thereby fostering a feudalistic relationship of perpetual dependence. Advancements in DNA technology have enabled corporate scientists to splice one trait from one species and inject it in an altogether different organism. This process is referred to as genetic modification or transgenic engineering. The difference between enhanced traits from genetic modification (GM) as compared to conventional methods is that in the case of GM the genes are transferred without sexual crossing. They are injected in a targeted manner in a laboratory using sophisticated molecular technology. Transgenic seeds promise to increase output and are drought and pest resistant. But these seeds create monocultures in the food system as varieties of different types of crops are lost and age-old customs destroyed.

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Waqas, Muhammad, Sarfraz Hashim, Usa Wannasingha Humphries, Shakeel Ahmad, Rabeea Noor, Muhammad Shoaib, Adila Naseem, Phyo Thandar Hlaing i Hnin Aye Lin. "Composting Processes for Agricultural Waste Management: A Comprehensive Review". Processes 11, nr 3 (1.03.2023): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11030731.

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Composting is the most adaptable and fruitful method for managing biodegradable solid wastes; it is a crucial agricultural practice that contributes to recycling farm and agricultural wastes. Composting is profitable for various plant, animal, and synthetic wastes, from residential bins to large corporations. Composting and agricultural waste management (AWM) practices flourish in developing countries, especially Pakistan. Composting has advantages over other AWM practices, such as landfilling agricultural waste, which increases the potential for pollution of groundwater by leachate, while composting reduces water contamination. Furthermore, waste is burned, open-dumped on land surfaces, and disposed of into bodies of water, leading to environmental and global warming concerns. Among AWM practices, composting is an environment-friendly and cost-effective practice for agricultural waste disposal. This review investigates improved AWM via various conventional and emerging composting processes and stages: composting, underlying mechanisms, and factors that influence composting of discrete crop residue, municipal solid waste (MSW), and biomedical waste (BMW). Additionally, this review describes and compares conventional and emerging composting. In the conclusion, current trends and future composting possibilities are summarized and reviewed. Recent developments in composting for AWM are highlighted in this critical review; various recommendations are developed to aid its technological growth, recognize its advantages, and increase research interest in composting processes.

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Faramarzi, Ayoub, Reza Hadizadeh, Saeed Fayyaz, Sohrab Sajadimanesh i Abbas Moradi. "Web scraping technique for producing Iranian consumer price index". Statistical Journal of the IAOS 38, nr 1 (21.03.2022): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-210828.

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Data pervasiveness was made possible by the advent of new technologies such as the Internet and the World Wide Web in every human and non-human activity. This created an exponential increase or data explosion in data generation, coined under the term Big data. Alternatively, Big Data sources can contribute to the reduction of the response burden or they can be used only to study some economic or social phenomena before designing a statistical survey which is inherently expensive to pilot. Also, incorporating Big Data sources into official statistics means maintaining a net competitive advantage and relevance of the official statistics products compared to those provided by a plethora of commercial players, with reference to large corporations that are active in the field of information technology. In this paper, the web scraping technique was used to extract the daily prices of the food and drinks products in order to replace them with conventional prices which had been used for price indices. Moreover, these sorts of new datasets enable us to calculate the indices in smaller time scales like weekly or daily basis in comparison to the conventional approach which is possible only on monthly basis. Although web scraping has its own problems, it is more economically friendly, accurate, and time-saving, especially in urban areas. Findings revealed that the web scraping technique can be applied as an effective alternative to conventional methods for CPI. Also, this technique can be used for other price statistics.

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Kozlovskiy, V. N., D. V. Aydarov i S. A. Shanin. "Development and Realization of Approach for Defining Quality Objectives of Carmaker According to Results of Cars Warranty Period". Science & Technique 17, nr 4 (31.07.2018): 320–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-4-320-330.

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Approaches based on such quality management principles as “consumer orientation” and “decision making on the basis of factual data” are of particular importance for the development of Russian automotive industry under current conditions. In order to solve key problems concerning quality and product competitiveness it is necessary to take efficient and substantiated management decisions which are based on a detailed analysis of the results in respect of cars warranty period. Such technology contributes to improvement of quality management processes, creation of opportunities for enhancement of customer satisfaction and sustainable development of carmakers. The paper is updating a problem of development and realization of a new approach to define quality objectives for automotive corporations. Historical analysis has been made in respectof changes in cars quality indicators for one of the leading Russian automakers. The paper presents conventional methodology which is used at enterprises to define quality objectives for new cars being under warranty period. A new approach for determination of target indicators for product quality in automotive industry has been proposed on basis of the analysis of the best practice in organizing process to monitor quality of cars in operation. The approach takes into account a number of indicators of key importance in the formation of product competitiveness of automotive corporations. A common platform has been implemented for development and monitoring of quality objectives for cars in operation. The developed platform meets current and prospwctive tendencies. Application of the platform and its elements in the carmakers practice provides opportunities for harmonious improvement of the quality management system and it is aimed at improvement of product competitiveness.

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Villalobos-López, José Antonio. "Theoretical framework media and political economy of communication". Current Issues of Mass Communication, nr 31 (2022): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/cimc.2022.31.40-53.

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This article is presented with a deductive method orientation, with a paradigm of hermeneutic order, based on experience, carried out under an exclusively qualitative approach, which will serve as a scaffold for a next study of digital media. Communications are a means or mechanism of organization for coexistence in society. The political economy of communication has its origin in the theories or critical approaches of Frankfurt and cultural studies, which has analyzed the role of the owners or concessionaires of large radio and television corporations, highlighting the bias they have given to the dissemination of information and culture, orienting it towards the defense of their ideology or their commercial interests, thus leading to the alienation and training of large masses of audience. In these modern times, the massification of the media is the result of technological convergences, where three disciplines or spaces are at work: information technology, telecommunications and the Internet, which is the axis or center of the new communications ecosystem. Social networks allow feedback between sender and receiver of news, transforming the unidirectional communication process provided by conventional media.

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Krishnadoss, Nivethitha, i Lokesh Kumar Ramasamy. "A study on high dimensional big data using predictive data analytics model". Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 30, nr 1 (1.04.2023): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v30.i1.pp174-182.

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A massive bulk of data is being created due to digitalisation in various industries, including medical, manufacturing, sales, internet of things (IoT) devices, the web, and businesses. To find data patterns for data attributes machine learning (ML) algorithms are used. In this fast-growing world, we can see that data is generated in abundance by people, machines, and corporations. With the increase in computer science market, researchers are integrating heterogeneous and diverse data into accurate patterns by applying machine learning algorithms and complex strategies on data sets. The overabundance of high-dimensional big data has made it more difficult for scientists to extract important information from these data efficiently. Conventional data mining approaches are ineffective when dealing with large amounts of data. As big data increase exponentially, predictive analytics has become widely known. To evaluate a large number of data patterns, data driven technology predictive big data analytics (PBA) can be used and ML algorithms to investigate the present and future data based on the records of data patterns. In this research paper, predictive analysis on big data has been proposed using the splitting random forest (SRF) methodology with help of hyperparameter optimization and dimension reduction technique.

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Kuzminov, Ilya, Alexey Bereznoy i Pavel Bakhtin. "Global energy challenges and the national economy: stress scenarios for Russia". foresight 19, nr 2 (10.04.2017): 174–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-06-2016-0026.

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Purpose This paper aims to study the ongoing and emerging technological changes in the global energy sector from the frequently neglected perspective of their potential destructive impact on the Russian economy. Design/methodology/approach Having reviewed existing global energy forecasts made by reputable multilateral and national government agencies, major energy corporations and specialised consulting firms, the authors noticed that most of them are by and large based on the extrapolation of conventional long-term trends depicting gradual growth of fossil fuels’ demand and catching-up supply. Unlike this approach, the paper focuses on the possible cases when conventional trends are broken, supply–demand imbalances become huge and the situation in the global energy markets is rapidly and dramatically changing with severe consequences for the Russian economy, seriously dependent on fossil fuels exports. Revealing these stress scenarios and major drivers leading to their realisation are in the focus of the research. Based on the Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political, Values (analytical framework) (STEEPV) approach, the authors start from analysing various combinations of factors capable to launch stress scenarios for the Russian economy. Formulating concrete stress scenarios and assessing their negative impact on the Russian economy constitute the next step of the analysis. In conclusion, the paper underlines the urgency to integrate stress analysis related to global energy trends into the Russian national systems of technology foresight and strategic planning, which are now in the early stages of development. Findings The analysis of global energy market trends and various combinations of related economic, political, technological and ecological factors allowed to formulate four stress scenarios particularly painful for the Russian economy. They include the currently developing scenario “Collapse of oil prices”, and three potential ones: “Gas abundance”, “Radical de-carbonisation” and “Hydrogen economy”. One of the most important conclusions of the paper is that technology-related drivers are playing the leading role in stress scenario realisation, but it is usually a specific combination of other drivers (interlacing with technology-related factors) that could trigger the launch a particular scenario. Research limitations/implications This study’s approach is based on the assumption that Russia’s dependence on hydrocarbons exports as one of the main structural characteristics of the Russian economy will remain intact. However, for the long-term perspective, this assumption might not hold true. So, new research will be needed to review the stress scenarios within the context of radical diversification of the Russian economy. Practical implications This paper suggests a number of practical steps aimed at introducing stress analysis as one of the key functions within the energy-related sectoral components of the Russian national systems of technology forecasting and strategic planning. Originality/value The novelty of this paper is determined both by the subject of the analysis and approach taken to reveal it. In contrast to most of research in this area, the main focus has been moved from the opportunities and potential benefits of contemporary technology-related global energy shifts to their possible negative impact on the national economy. Another important original feature of the approach is that existing global energy forecasts are used only as a background for core analysis centred around the cases when conventional energy trends are broken.

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PALVIA, SHAILENDRA C., i BOON-SIONG NEO. "ITPRENEURSHIP AND TOTAL LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AT YCH IN SINGAPORE". Journal of Enterprising Culture 01, nr 02 (listopad 1993): 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495893000154.

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How can small businesses succeed in this age of large corporations, global competition, and the need for large investments in Information Technology? According to conventional wisdom, it should be pretty hard, if not impossible. Companies with visionary and ENTREPRENEURIAL leaders can do it by committing to provide the best possible services to the customers consistently. And do you do that without investing in IT in this information age? This case illustrates the success story of YCH since its inception in 1955 as a relatively unknown transport company to one of the most prominent companies in the ASEAN region today. YCH has accomplished this feat by innovatively using its resources and talents. One of these is the use of an innovative IT architecture for its various business operations. The case of YCH Logistics company demonstrates that small businesses can not only invest in IT, but they can use IT for competitive advantage. Furthermore, they can achieve this by not buying a single mainframe or a mini computer. YCH company was one of the three proud winners of the prestigious IT awards by the National Computer Board of Singapore in 1992. This case provides a brief history of the company including the major turning points; and describes its business segments and the evolving role of IT to support and augment the business operations. It also describes the innovative and modular IT architecture adopted by its small, young and ambitious IT team.

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Hu, Sumin, Qi Zhu, Xia Zhao i Ziyue Xu. "Digital Finance and Corporate Sustainability Performance: Promoting or Restricting? Evidence from China’s Listed Companies". Sustainability 15, nr 13 (21.06.2023): 9855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15139855.

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The development of internet platforms and information technology has accelerated the transformation of conventional finance. Emerging digital finance is expected to optimize the allocation of credit resources and thereby promote a sustainable transition for corporations. However, whether, and to what extent, digital finance empirically affects this process is still not well understood. This paper investigates the role of digital finance in promoting corporate sustainability performance by exploring its impact on green enterprise innovation and its mechanism using a two-way fixed effects model and a mediating effects model. The findings suggest the following: (i) The impact of digital finance on the sustainable performance of enterprises follows a U-shaped (coef. = 0.00, t = 2.43) pattern, where digital finance initially restricts and then promotes the sustainable performance of enterprises. This conclusion remains robust even after considering endogeneity. (ii) The mechanism analysis indicates that digital finance enhances sustainability performance by reducing corporate financial volatility (coef. = −0.00, t = −4.06) and promoting long-term performance growth (coef. = 6.69, t = 4.88). (iii) The positive effects of digital finance on sustainability performance are more significant for non-state-owned firms (coef. = 0.00, t = 5.42), firms located in cities with a lower GDP per capita (coef. = 0.00, t = 2.40), and smaller firms (coef. = −0.00, t = −2.59) in their initial stages. These results imply that China should accelerate digitization in the financial markets and thus further develop its potential for sustainable development.

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Tzanakakis, V. A., A. N. Angelakis, N. V. Paranychianakis, Y. G. Dialynas i G. Tchobanoglous. "Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Management of Water Resources in the Island of Crete, Greece". Water 12, nr 6 (28.05.2020): 1538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061538.

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Crete, located in the South Mediterranean Sea, is characterized by long coastal areas, varied terrain relief and geology, and great spatial and inter-annual variations in precipitation. Under average meteorological conditions, the island is water-sufficient (969 mm precipitation; theoretical water potential 3284 hm3; and total water use 610 hm3). Agriculture is by far the greatest user of water (78% of total water use), followed by domestic use (21%). Despite the high average water availability, water scarcity events commonly occur, particularly in the eastern-south part of the island, driven by local climatic conditions and seasonal or geographical mismatches between water availability and demand. Other critical issues in water management include the over-exploitation of groundwater, accounting for 93% of the water used in agriculture; low water use efficiencies in the farms; limited use of non-conventional water sources (effluent reuse); lack of modern frameworks of control and monitoring; and inadequate cooperation among stakeholders. These deficiencies impact adversely water use efficiency, deteriorate quality of water resources, increase competition for water and water pricing, and impair agriculture and environment. Moreover, the water-limited areas may display low adaptation potential to climate variability and face increased risks for the human-managed and natural ecosystems. The development of appropriate water governance frameworks that promote the development of integrated water management plans and allow concurrently flexibility to account for local differentiations in social-economic favors is urgently needed to achieve efficient water management and to improve the adaptation to the changing climatic conditions. Specific corrective actions may include use of alternative water sources (e.g., treated effluent and brackish water), implementation of efficient water use practices, re-formation of pricing policy, efficient control and monitoring, and investment in research and innovation to support the above actions. It is necessary to strengthen the links across stakeholders (e.g., farmers, enterprises, corporations, institutes, universities, agencies, and public authorities), along with an effective and updated governance framework to address the critical issues in water management, facilitate knowledge transfer, and promote the efficient use of non-conventional water resources.

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Ratni, Eli, Virtuous Setyaka i Donny Eros. "Penyediaan Toko Digital Pasar Rabu Tani untuk Pelaku Usaha Pangan Skala Kecil di Kota Padang". Jurnal Warta Pengabdian Andalas 28, nr 1 (23.03.2021): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jwa.28.1.68-75.2021.

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Pasar Rabu Tani (PRT) is an online platform for business transactions between producers and consumers of dietary needs, as a digital shop on the site https://pasarrabutani.com/. The main problem of local farmers and small-scale producers is that they are trapped in the Ijon system practice, where middlemen decided lowest prices for the products and allowing debt practice for them, before harvest time. In general, the producers unable to make direct sales to consumers at a standard market price. Furthermore, the producers are unwilling to compete with food industry producers in the form of transnational corporations. The PRT issued an alternative market form, by uniting those business actors in a cooperative, namely the Koperasi Pemasaran Mandiri dan Merdeka. Due to of the Covid-19 pandemic, the marketing system should be transformed from conventional to a contextual system, where producers and consumers have to do transaction in distance. The digital store is a solution for the market online media during nowadays, by utilizing information and communication technology products. The management of this market in the trading technique have been carried out by special operators who act as website manager, data administrators, and delivery personnel. Some of the positive things that have been formed in the market were that products can be sold at the final price fairly for producers. In the same hand, the consumers received healthy and fresh products easily. Followed, to contribute the giving opinions about the desired quality of each product. The digital store that are displaying online products, surely reach consumers without time and space limits for improving the profit business.

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Martí-Testón, Ana, Adolfo Muñoz, Luis Gracia i J. Ernesto Solanes. "Using WebXR Metaverse Platforms to Create Touristic Services and Cultural Promotion". Applied Sciences 13, nr 14 (24.07.2023): 8544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148544.

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In recent years, there has been a surge of Metaverse applications and tools striving to capture the attention of both the general public and businesses, with a particularly strong potential within the tourism sector. However, there has been significant criticism towards major corporations for marketing a concept of the Metaverse that fails to align with reality. On the other hand, smaller entities such as Spatial-io, which is an innovative metaverse platform, are introducing a different style of the Metaverse, one that is highly accessible from contemporary devices like smartphones, tablets, VR headsets, and traditional PCs via WebXR platforms. This article delves into and scrutinizes various methodologies of a tourism-oriented Metaverse, considering its prospective utility as a vehicle to attract more visitors. A virtual tourist information center was established on the Spatial-io Metaverse platform to promote Valencia, Spain. This research scrutinizes the navigation, accessibility, and usability of the service from a conventional PC browser, contrasting it with the experience offered by the Meta Quest 2 virtual reality headset. The study’s quantitative and qualitative data analysis indicates that these innovative services are highly regarded, particularly when a real person (not a bot) provides information, fostering trust and offering details about various tourist attractions within the promoted city. The comparison of user inquiries’ time and depth aligns with the immersion level, demonstrating more positive feedback when the service is accessed through the VR system rather than a standard PC browser.

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Yakovlev, P. "Latin American Economy at the Start of Digital Modernization". World Economy and International Relations 66, nr 3 (2022): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2022-66-3-110-118.

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In the context of the ongoing reformatting of world economic relations, Latin American countries have increased opportunities for technological upsurge and digital modernization of key sectors of national economies. At the same time, Latin American entrepreneurs and politicians seek to act rationally and cautiously. In particular, in the energy sector, the states of the region are trying to combine the transition to carbon neutrality based on the predominant use of new technologies and renewable energy carriers with the intensive exploitation of traditional energy sources, including conventional and shale hydrocarbons. In the mining industry, the main task of Latin American countries is to decarbonize the production process with the help of “green” hydrogen and the most advanced methods of extraction and processing of raw materials. Of global importance are the huge reserves of lithium located in Latin America, without which the further deployment of the technological revolution is extremely difficult. This explains the significant interest shown by transnational corporations in the development of deposits of the “lithium triangle”. In the field of agriculture in Latin America, profound changes are taking place, the system of so-called precision farming is shaping. The role of Latin American countries (primarily Brazil) as suppliers of food to the world market is constantly increasing. All this, and much more, signals new trends in the region that change its usual economic appearance. As shown in the article, the rapid growth of the technology sector in Latin America based on digitalization, “green” energy and precision farming can lead to a deep modernization of the key sectors of the economy and ensure the transition of the region to the “new business normal”, which is the consistent structural transformation and adaptation of Latin American countries to post-Covid world economic realities.

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Aftab, Faisal, Hoda Mahmoud AboAlsamh, Shabir Ahmad i Kamran Ahmed Siddiqui. "Developing ideal mission statements: lessons learned from top global organizations". E3S Web of Conferences 420 (2023): 06048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342006048.

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A mission statement is the most visible element of an organizational strategy; it ought to be effective in terms of reflecting its purpose. Particularly, top global brands, corporations, and business schools are expected to have modular mission statements that comply with the definition of an ideal mission statement. To determine how closely they adhere to the components of an ideal mission statement, this study compares the actual mission statements of the top organizations with the desired ideal mission statement. The study employed a meta-content analysis approach to analyze the mission statements of 400 organizations from diverse sectors, including Interbrand’s top 100 global brands, Financial Times ranked top 100 business schools, and top 100 conventional and top 100 Islamic banks. For each type of organization and for the whole sample, mission statements were analyzed for how many and what components they frequently include in their mission statements. The results show that only 5 percent of these organizations have perfect mission statements indicating majority do not prioritize creating mission statements that contain all the necessary components. The components such as self-concept, products and services, and customers were the most frequently communicated concerns, indicating a high level of importance on conveying identity, offerings, and relationships with customers whereas concerns for employees, public image, and technology were severely overlooked. The findings suggest a discrepancy between academia and industry regarding what constitutes an ideal mission statement inviting further research to better understand the components of an ideal mission statement and how they align with real-world statements. This research assists organizations in identifying gaps in their mission statements and aligning them with their organizational values, goals, and strategies by providing thorough theoretical and practical implications in the end.

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Wilks, Stephen. "Science, Technology and the Large Corporation". Government and Opposition 27, nr 2 (1.04.1992): 190–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1992.tb00596.x.

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ECONOMIC HISTORY IS FAR REMOVED FROM PRECISE SCIENCE and cannot offer an unambiguous explanation of the initiation, pace and causes of rapid industrial growth. Nevertheless, few economic historians would disagree that the pattern of growth is not random; and that in evaluating it, technological innovation must be a central element.The landmarks of industrial development are conventionally thought of in terms of science and technology. From the adoption of the stirrup and the plough, which heralded the feudal age in Europe; to the spread of the silicon chip and the microprocessor, which lie at the core of the emergent IT economy, the development of society can be charted in terms of technological change. And just as the analysis of technological change has become one of the dominant tools of the economic historian, so ‘futurology’ is centred around trajectories of innovation. Over the next century changes are projected which are just as profound as those experienced since 1890. The world of 2090 will be different, and while the fundamental political differences may be unpredictable, there is a presumption that it will be technologically very different from the present. It is appropriate that popular speculation about future society is termed not ‘future fiction’ but ‘science fiction’.

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Kang, Lewis(In Soo). "FOWLP Technology as an Wafer Level System in Packaging (SiP) Solution". Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2017, DPC (1.01.2017): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2017dpc-ta2_presentation2.

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The market of Connectivity, Internet of Things (IoT), Wearable and Smart industrial applications leads Fan Out Wafer Level Package (FOWLP) technologies to a promising solution to overcome the limitation of conventional wafer level package, flip chip package and wire bonding package in terms of the solution of low cost, high performance and smaller form factor packaging. Moreover, FOWLP technology can be extended to system-in-package (SiP) area, such as multi chip 2D package and 3D stack package types. nepes Corporation has developed several advanced package platforms such as single, multi dies and 2D, 3D packaging by using FOWLP and embedding technologies. To fulfill SiP (system-in-package) with FOWLP, several dies and components have been embedded into one package which offers 40~90 % of volumetric shrink compared to the current module system with the flexibility of product design for end users. 3D package technology of PoP (Package on Package) structure will be introduced for communication module and system control application.

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Monterio, Jarett. "Raytheon Technologies Corporation: An Analysis of Leadership, Ethics, and Social Responsibility". Journal of Global Awareness 3, nr 1 (24.05.2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24073/jga/3/01/07.

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The purpose of this analysis is to examine Raytheon Technologies Corporation (RTC) in the context of its leadership structure, ethical issues and practices, stakeholder relationships, and position within the social responsibility realm. Undertaking an analysis of an aerospace and defense company such as RTC is perhaps timelier than ever. We live in a world of increasing global competition and confrontation. Simultaneously, we are experiencing unprecedented technological development. Combined, this has created a situation where the boundaries of conventional warfare have been redrawn. The questions of what appropriate offensive and defensive tactics are and how governments, and increasingly private sector companies, utilize new technology to achieve superiority do not have definitive answers. RTC is one of the largest aerospace and defense companies in the world operating in this new age. Therefore, examining RTC in terms of its leadership practices, ethical positions, and social responsibility efforts will help to illuminate how both the company and society are working through these unchartered waters.

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Sim Pui Yin, Joycelyn, Rock Leung Yuk Yan, Clarence Lam Chun Kit, Chiu Tsoi Wai, Kwong Lee Cheuk, Albert Lie Kwok Wai, Norman Huang i in. "Pathogen Inactivated Platelet Components Used without Leukofiltration, or Gamma Irradiation Show Comparable Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety to Gamma Irradiated and Non-Leukofiltered Conventional Products for the Support of HSCT Patients in Hong Kong". Blood 128, nr 22 (2.12.2016): 1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1454.1454.

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Abstract Introduction : Depending on the conditioning intensity and graft source, mosthematopoietic stem cell transplant(HSCT) patients invariably experience a cytopenic phase of at least 2-3 weeks and require transfusion support until engraftment. All transfused blood components post-transplant need to be gamma irradiated to prevent transfusion associated graft versus host disease (TA-GVHD). Platelet component (PC) manufacturing methodologies differ around the globe. Currently, Hong Kong HSCT patients are supported with individual platelet rich plasma (PRP) PCs without leukocyte filtration (NLF), tested by short-term aerobic cultures for bacterial contamination (STABC), and gamma irradiated. When new PC manufacturing methodologies are considered for adoption, it is important to assess the immediate and longer term effects on transfused patients. Amotosalen+UVA light (A-UVA) pathogen reduction technology (INTERCEPT™ Blood System, Cerus Corporation, Concord, CA) inactivates bacteria, viruses, parasites and leukocytes by efficient covalent adduct modification of DNA and RNA. Treatment with A-UVA prevents TA- GVHD in an animal model, inhibits clonal T cell proliferation, prevents allogeneic antigen stimulation in mixed lymphocyte reactions, and inhibits transcription mediated cytokine production and early activation antigen expression (Corash et al, BMT 2004). The common strategy of prescribing gamma irradiated PC only for suspected "high risk" patients is sub-optimal, as failure to identify recipients at risk for TA-GVHD was responsible for 50% of reported cases (Kopolovic et al. Blood 2016). Treatment of PC with A-UVA addresses two key issues for HSCT patients: bacterial contamination, and universal prevention of TA-GVHD. Here, we compared the clinical support of HSCT patients with conventional PCs (C-PC) vs. an equivalent HSCT group supported with A-UVA PCs (I-PC) using a sequential patient cohort design within a single HSCT clinical center. Methods : I-PCs were prepared from 5 pooled ABO-matched, NLF buffy coat PCs in platelet additive solution and treated with A-UVA replacing gamma irradiation and bacterial detection. C-PCs were prepared from 5 ABO-matched, STABC-negative, NLF PRP PCs, and treated with gamma irradiation. Each patient could receive up to 5 PC transfusions. The primary efficacy endpoint was the 1-hour corrected count increment (CCI) and the primary safety endpoint was the proportion of patients (P) with acute transfusion reactions (ATR). Follow-up data on mortality, hematopoiesis engraftment, and immune status were collected up to 100 days post HSCT. Results: Patient demographics and type of HSCT were similar between patient cohorts. 33 patients received 76 A-UVA PCs and 31 patients received 89 C-PCs. The mean days of platelet support (p=0.618) and mean 1-hour CCIs per patient averaged for all transfusions were comparable (p=0.296) between the I- PC and conventional C-PC cohorts (Table). The proportion of patients with AEs was lower (p=0.021) for the I-PC group (Table), and no related SAEs were observed during the entirety of trial. Survival at 100 days post HSCT and rates of remission were similar between the cohorts (Table). The ATR rate trended lower, although not significantly different (p=0.296), in the I- PC group (Table). Follow-up data showed that the patients had comparable neutrophil and platelet engraftment (Table) with comparable immune system reconstitution by 100 days post HSCT. No cases of TA-GVHD were observed in either cohort. Conclusions: A-UVA-treated PCs prepared without LF, gamma irradiation, and bacterial detection can replace C-PCs for support of HSCT patients resulting in comparable post transfusion CCI responses and short and intermediate term clinical outcomes, while offering additional protection against transfusion transmitted bacteria and emerging or untested pathogens. Table Table. Disclosures Sim Pui Yin: Cerus Corporation: Other: Investigator sponsored trial. Leung Yuk Yan:Cerus Corporation: Other: Investigator sponsored trial. Lam Chun Kit:Cerus Corporation: Other: Investigator sponsored trial. Tsoi Wai:Cerus Corporation: Other: Investigator sponsored trial. Lee Cheuk:Cerus Corporation: Other: Investigator sponsored trial. Lie Kwok Wai:Cerus Corporation: Other: Investigator sponsored trial. Huang:Cerus Corporation: Employment. Rico:Cerus Corporation: Employment. Lin:Cerus corp: Employment. Corash:Cerus Corporation: Employment. Stassinopoulos:Cerus Corporation: Employment.

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Wilda, Felisitas, Supriyati, Dewi Murdiawati i Kadek Pranetha Prananjaya. "Determinants of Tax Avoidance and the Moderation Role of Asset Growth: A Case of Southeast Asia Banking Industry". Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi dan Bisnis 10, nr 2 (8.08.2023): 231–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jdab.v10i2.25717.

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Alfina, I. T., Nurlaela, S., Wijayanti, A. (2018). The influence of profitability, leverage, independent commissioner, and company size to tax avoidance. The 2nd International Conference on Technology, Education, and Social Science 2018, 2018(10), 102–106.Ayu, P. C., Sumadi, N. K. (2019). Pengaruh kepemilikan institusional dan kepemilikan manajerial terhadap nilai perusahaan. Widya Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 1(1), 87-104.Agyei, S. K., Marfo-Yiadom, E., Ansong, A., Idun, A. A. A. (2020). Corporate tax avoidance incentives of banks in Ghana. Journal of African Business, 21(4), 544-559.Atwood, T. J., Drake, M. S., Myers, J. N., Myers, L. A. (2012). Home country tax system characteristics and corporate tax avoidance: International evidence. American Accounting Association, 87(6), 1831–1860. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-50222Alkurdi, A., Mardini, G. H. (2020). The impact of ownership structure and the board of directors’ composition on tax avoidance strategies: empirical evidence from Jordan. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 18(4), 795-812.Alsaadi, A. (2020). Financial-tax reporting conformity, tax avoidance and corporate social responsibility. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 18(3), 639-659.Andalenta, I., Kun, I. (2022). Tax avoidance among banking corporations. Journal of Science and Research of Accounting 6, 225–233Fauzan. (2019). The effect of LDR, CAR, LAR, loan growth and asset growth on NPL (Case Study on conventional commercial banks listed at Indonesia stock exchange on period 2013-2017). Undergraduate Thesis, Faculty of Economics and Business.Fitri, A. W., Hapsarai, D. P., Haryadi, E. (2019). Pengaruh leverage, komisaris independen dan corporate social responsibility terhadap penghindaran pajak. Jurnal Mahasiswa Akuntansi UNSERA, 1(1), 20-30.Ha, N. M., Trang, T. T. P., Vuong, P. M. (2021). The impact on corporate financial leverage of the relationship between tax avoidance and institutional ownership: A study of listed firms in vietnam. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 17(4), 65–73. https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2021.17-4.6Hidayat, O. S. (2019). The effect of corporate social responsibility on tax avoidance with size as moderating variable. Journal of Accounting, Finance Taxation of Indonesia (JAKPI) 7(1).Hoi, C. K., Wu, Q., Zhang, H. (2013). Is corporate social responsibility (CSR) associated with tax avoidance? Evidence from irresponsible CSR activities. The Accounting Review, 88(6), 2025-2059.Jiang, Y., Zheng, H., Wang, R. (2020). The effect of institutional ownership on listed companies’ tax avoidance strategies. Applied Economics, 53(8), 880–896. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2020.1817308Kasim, F. M., Saad, N. (2019). Determinants of corporate tax avoidance strategies among multinational corporations in Malaysia. International Journal of Public Policy and Administration Research, 6(2), 74–81. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.74.2019.62.74.81Khanh, H. T. M., Khuong, N. V. (2019). Does Corporate tax avoidance influence firm leverage of Vietnamese listed companies? Theoretical Economics Letters, 09(04), 1070–1078. https://doi.org/10.4236/tel.2019.94069Kim, J. H., Im, C. C. (2017). The study on the effect and determinants of small-and medium-sized entities conducting tax avoidance. Journal of Applied Business Research, 33(2), 375–390. https://doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v33i2.9911Kovermann, J. H. (2018). Tax avoidance, tax risk and the cost of debt in a bank-dominated economy. Managerial Auditing Journal, 33(8/9), 683-699.Krisna, A. M. (2019). Effect of institutional ownership and managerial ownership on tax avoidance with audit quality as moderating variable. Journal of Economics, Business And Accounting, 18(2), 82-91.Kurniasih, T., Ratna Sari, M. (2013). Pengaruh return on assets, leverage, corporate governance, ukuran perusahaan dan kompensasi rugi fiskal pada tax avoidance. Buletin Studi Ekonomi, 18(1), 58–66.Lee, R., Kao, H. (2018). The impacts of IFRSs and auditor on tax avoidance. Advances in Management Applied Economics, 8(6), 17–53Liana, L., Sari, P. (2017). The effect of corporate social responsibility on corporate tax avoidance. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting 6(4):111–23.Lin, K. Z., Cheng, S., Zhang, F. (2017). Corporate social responsibility, institutional environments, and tax avoidance: Evidence from a subnational comparison in China. The International Journal of Accounting, 52(4), 303-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2017.11.002López-González, E., Martínez-Ferrero, J., García-Meca, E. (2019). Does corporate social responsibility affect tax avoidance: Evidence from family firms. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 819–831. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1723Luty, P. (2020). Tax avoidance in V4 countries and Serbia: Influence of company size on effective tax rate. Finiz, 15(January 2020), 5–11. https://doi.org/10.15308/finiz-2020-5-11Mao, Chih Wen., Wen, Chieh Wu. (2019). Moderated mediation effects of corporate social responsibility performance on tax avoidance: evidence from China. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics 26(1–2) 90–107.Maraya, Dyan, A., Yendrawati, R. (2016). The effect of corporate governance and corporate social responsibility disclosure on tax avoidance: empirical study on mine and CPO Corporations. Journal of Accounting Auditing of Indonesia 20(2):147–59.Maulinda, I. P., Fidiana. (2019). The effect of corporate social responsibility and good corporate governance on tax avoidance. Journal of Science and Research of Accounting 8, 1–21.Muti’ah, Marsyaf, Ahmad, Z. (2021). The influence of sales growth, debt equity ratio (DER) and related party transaction to tax avoidance. International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research (IJMSSSR), 3(4), 237–244Nurhasanah. (2017). The effect of asset growth on profitability of banking corporations listed at Indonesia stock exchange. Journal of Visionary Strategic 6, 41–44.Omesi, I., Appah, E. (2021). Corporate governance and tax avoidance of listed consumer and industrial good companies in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Economic and Finance (IOSR-JEF), 12(2), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.9790/5933-1202041731Putri, R. T., Ulum, I., Prasetyo, A. (2019). Company Risk, size, fiscal loss compensation, and tax avoidance: evidence from Indonesian Islamic companies. Journal of Innovation in Business and Economics, 2(02), 87. https://doi.org/10.22219/jibe.v2i02.7323Taylor, G., Richardson, G. (2012). International corporate tax avoidance practices : evidence from australian firms. International Journal of Accounting, 47(4), 469–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2012.10.004Tilehnouei, M. H., Esfahani, S. T., Soltanipanah, S. (2018). Investigating the effect of financial distress on tax avoidance during the global financial crisis in companies listed on Tehran stock exchange. International Journal If Finance and Managerial Accounting, 3(9), 41–51Yuliesti, R., Sapari, S. (2017). Pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas dan corporate governance terhadap penghindaran pajak. Jurnal Ilmu dan Riset Akuntansi (JIRA), 6(3). 890-909.Salehi, M., Tarighi, H., Shahri, T. A. (2020). The effect of auditor characteristics on tax avoidance of Iranian companies. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, 27(2), 119–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABES-11-2018-0100Sari, H. Y., Yuniarti, E., Rachman, A. A. (2022). Pengaruh pertumbuhan aset, ukuran, dan profitabilitas perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak (tax avoidance) pada perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2017-2020. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 8(1), 2167–2178Shi, A. A., Concepcion, F. R., Laguinday, C. M. R., Ong Hian Huy, T. A. T., Unite, A. A. (2020). An analysis of the effects of foreign ownership on the level of tax avoidance across philippine publicly listed firms. DLSU Business and Economics Review, 30(1), 1–14.DDTC. (2020). Negara tetangga ini terancam makin sulit tangkal penghindaran pajak. News.Ddtc.Co.Id. https://news.ddtc.co.id/negara-tetangga-ini-terancam-makin-sulit-tangkal-penghindaran-pajak--20692#:~:text=Hal itu disampaikan Vietnam Institute for Economic and,hingga triliun dong per tahun selama periode 2010-2018.Wardani, Kusuma, D., Mursiyati. (2019). The effect of profitability, independent commissioners and audit comittee on tax avoidance. Department of Accounting, Faculty of Economic, University of Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa 7(2), 127–36.Wiguna, I. Putra, P., I. Ketut Jati. (2017). The effect of corporate social responsibility, executive risk preference, and capital intensity on tax avoidance. E-Journal of Accounting 21(1):418–46.Zahirah, A. (2017). The effect of leverage, institutional ownership, managerial ownership and corporate size on tax avoidance. Online Journal for Students of Economics Faculty 4(1), 3543–56. https://lk2fhui.law.ui.ac.id/posisi-firma-hukum-dalam-kasus-panama-papers/ accessed on 20 January 2022

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Cooper, E. "Rouse Hill and Picton Reuse Schemes: innovative approaches to large-scale reuse". Water Supply 3, nr 3 (1.06.2003): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0007.

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Driven by concerns centred on the potential impacts of new development on the Hawkesbury-Nepean River, the management of effluent from Sewage Treatment Plants is a growing issue for regulators, communities and Sydney Water Corporation. Conventional users of recycled water such as golf courses, parks and on-site uses are making way for more innovative and sustainable approaches. Rouse Hill Recycled Water Plant and the Picton Agricultural Reuse Schemes are two examples where Sydney Water has adopted a different approach to water recycling. With both schemes now in operation, demand for the product has surpassed expectations and has already begun to exceed current availability. Faced with the option of expanding the schemes in the near future, SWC is continuing to look for new ways of providing sustainable water services to the people of Sydney.

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Chouhan, Naan Babu, Puskar Guha Biswas, Dr Subash Chandra Bose i Shiva Shankar K M. "Design and Analysis of a Corporate Office by Using Post Tension Methods (Stilt+12Floors) with cost Analysis of Conventional Slab and Post-Tensioned Slabs". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 8 (31.08.2022): 864–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46302.

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Abstract: The assignment manages with the Design and Analysis of Corporate Office structure with post-tensioned Slabs. The development has been arranged and taken apart for the customary floor. The drawings and various subtleties are inspected with Structural Consultant concerning National Building Corporation (NBC). Fundamental format is the fundamental piece of primary planning. In aggregates, etc on extra making we used the admixtures and plasticizers, etc. Along these lines, the advancement materials are changing from regular daily existence. In past times, the designs are worked with just ground floor in a manner of speaking. i.e., free house. In this undertaking we have arranged and analyzed constructed Stilt+12 floors and OHT. In different seismic zones to really investigate the changed limits because for deficiency of land and budget of land is profound and other most item is the urbanization, etc. For the improvement of the multi-story structures Offices, as of now a days we are moving to Pre-Tension and Post Tension systems, and variety in cost for regular piece and tensioned techniques chunks

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Das, Pintu. "A prospective venue for Marketing is Social Media Marketing". RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, nr 10 (13.10.2022): 07–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i10.002.

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Large corporations have taken benefit of social media marketing's potential as a forum for marketing and have used it to drive their ad campaigns. Marketers are more conscious than ever of the different social media options that are available to them and are moving much faster than ever to start new sustainability campaigns. Social marketing is the method of promoting a company and its products and services through social media and other networks. While propagating their culture, mission, or desirable tone, organizations can utilize social media marketing to communicate with their existing customers and entice new ones. With help of data analytics tools specifically designed for social media marketing, marketers may monitor the effectiveness of their campaigns. The way we interact with one another and how our society functions as a whole have both changed as a consequence of social networking. Entrepreneurs started to notice how popular social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook and Instagram are becoming more and more. They started utilizing these platforms for social media marketing purposes to advance their objectives. That's because these websites have the power to alter user behaviour. On the social media platforms, marketing professionals can employ a variety of strategies and techniques to catch users' attention and enhance the engagement of their content. Marketers can employ the particular geographic, demographic, and personal information that users can submit on a variety of social media networks to customize their messaging to what is most likely to be popular with consumers. Social media is one of the "biggest chances" a company has currently now just to reach out to prospective customers. The means of socialization are social media. By establishing a closer connection with the public, these new media gain the trust of the public. Social networking marketing has transformed into the new norm for many organizations since the beginnings of last year. Social networking marketing has advanced, as have the companies that use it. It is impossible to pay to be completely silent on social media if a rival is generating controversy with its services and products. It is equally astounding how quickly the social media phenomenon is expanding and growing. With publication came social media marketing first. In an attempt to boost visitors to their sites and preferably, revenue, businesses published their information on social media. Social networking, however, has expanded to be a lot more than simply a method for disseminating information. Companies increasingly utilize social networking sites in a wide range of ways. For instance, an organization that is curious in what customers have to say about its brand may monitoring social media conversations and respond to significant references. In order to determine how effectively a company is operating on social media, it would employ an analytics tool to examine at its visibility, engagement, and sales. Highly targeted social media advertisements would be used by a company looking to reach a certain population on a large scale. The term "social media management" is frequently used to refer to all of them. Numerous ways in which social media has altered business. It is a reality that because of the digital era in which we live, social media and internet marketing have a big influence on how people behave. The technology is evolving quickly, which has increased both supply and demand over time. Automation of all processes is the only way to deal with the significant changes. Despite the emergence of the new communications era, experts advise companies to keep employing conventional methods while also making the most of social media to promote their goals. This study analyzes social media and social media marketing principles as well as related topics like social media's development and advantages, its function and importance in marketing, and its social media marketing tactics. It also offers a broad perspective of marketing through social media in India.

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Shah, Ashesh Mukeshbhai, i Bhavesh Bhalja. "A New Adaptive Differential Protection Scheme for Tap Changing Power Transformer". International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 16, nr 4 (1.08.2015): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2015-0005.

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Abstract This paper presents a new adaptive differential protection scheme which efficiently adapts the change in tap position of a power transformer. The proposed scheme is based on analytical derivation of pick-up and slope of the differential relay characteristic. By acquiring information such as rating & connection of CTs and present tap position as input, the proposed scheme enhances sensitivity of differential relay during internal faults. This is accomplished either by decreasing pick-up and/or adjusting slope of the differential characteristic of the relay in case of change in tap position. Numerous test cases consisting of various types of internal and external faults have been simulated for an existing power transformer of Gujarat Energy Transmission Corporation Limited (GETCO), Gujarat, India using PSCAD/EMTDC software package. The proposed scheme increases percentage of winding to be protected during internal faults for power transformers having different ratings and connections compared to the conventional differential protection scheme. Furthermore, it has been observed that the detection sensitivity during special types of turn-to-turn and inter-winding faults with varying fault resistances is also enhanced compared to the conventional scheme. Moreover, it equally maintains stability during CT saturation condition. At the end, comparative evaluation of the proposed scheme with the existing schemes clearly indicates superiority of the proposed adaptive scheme.

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Haydon, S., X. Zhu, K. Hellier i R. B. Gasser. "C. parvum in Melbourne's catchments: investigating prevalence and developing high-resolution molecular detection tools". Water Supply 2, nr 3 (1.07.2002): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0091.

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The Melbourne Water Corporation has funded the University of Melbourne Veterinary School to study the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in animals in water catchment areas of Melbourne and to establish molecular tools for the identification of the parasite to the species and strain levels. In a first epidemiological survey Cryptosporidium was found in high prevalence (17 of 24 species examined; n = 490), whereas Giardia was detected in two animals. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based mutation scanning technique was established for identification of C. parvum to the strain level from oocyst isolates. This so-called single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique allows high-resolution analysis of genetic variability within and between populations of C. parvum. In a blind test, SSCP genotyping of 23 DNA samples representing C. parvum from different host and geographical regions demonstrated that the method could correctly type samples identified previously using a range of other methods, and displayed higher levels of sequence variability compared with conventional approaches. Hence, the method provides a powerful epidemiological tool for diagnosis as well as for identifying the source of waterborne outbreaks. Future molecular epidemiological surveys of cryptosporidosis/Cryptosporidium will be conducted together with Australian and European collaborators, with a particular emphasis on human cryptosporidosis.

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Lee, Hosun, Dae Ryun Chang i Sabine Einwiller. "A study on the dynamics between the moral reasoning process and celebrity image and their impact on consumers’ support for celebrity comebacks after a transgression". Journal of Product & Brand Management 29, nr 6 (27.06.2020): 729–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-02-2019-2259.

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Purpose This study aims to examine how consumers use a moral reasoning process to defend preferred celebrity and celebrity brand images and specifically, the processes for supporting the celebrity’s comeback after a transgression. Design/methodology/approach Study 1 measures consumers’ preference for celebrities and their support for them after a transgression and tests whether the celebrity’s image moderates consumers’ preference for celebrities and their support of them to come back. Study 2 examines the effect of the specific moral reasoning processes and tests whether it leads to different levels of support after a transgression, depending on the primed celebrity image. Findings Results show celebrity preference is positively related to consumer support of a celebrity’s return after a wrongdoing. This relationship is moderated by the celebrity’s image (Study 1). The authors find that a celebrity primed with a role model image receives more support for a comeback in the moral rationalization condition, whereas a celebrity primed with a bad boy image receives more support in the moral decoupling condition (Study 2). Research limitations/implications First, in the empirical studies, using a pre-test, the authors chose transgressions that were unrelated to the celebrities’ profession and that had an intermediate level of severity. Moreover, these transgressions were manipulated using information about fictitious celebrities to control for pre-existing respondents’ differences on information or biases about them and confounding characteristics between identified celebrities. Despite the control benefits, the disadvantage of this approach could be that respondents’ involvement with the celebrities may be generally lower as compared to studies that use known celebrities (Fong and Wyer, 2012). The involvement or attachment with known celebrities by respondents may be a factor that determines the power of a specific human brand. By using fictitious celebrities, the effects related to human brands may have been bounded or based more on celebrity archetypes. Another limitation is that both Studies 1 and 2 collected data using an online panel. To make the results more generalizable, the authors can contemplate on-site experimental designs or a qualitative approach in future research. The latter may also facilitate the use of known human brands to understand how they interact with other mediating factors without having to worry about control of confounds between respondents. Finally, there is a potential inflation of moral sensitivity stemming from measuring moral reasoning in Study 1 after informing participants about a celebrity transgression. While the authors followed other studies in this procedure, for the effects related to measuring across different image groups this would be less critical, as all participants would be affected in a similar way. However, there remains the possibility that the inflation bias could be higher for one celebrity type and could be a limitation or even a topic considered for future research that delves into specific relationships between celebrity image type and morality judgment bias. Practical implications The results of this study have managerial implications for the various stakeholders involved. First, for celebrities, especially role models, living up to expectations congruent to the performances and brand images that they have developed is important. This will necessitate them to manage their consumers’ expectations, and perhaps, suggest that they do not create unrealistically high ones. Although consumer expectations have not often taken center stage as a theoretical issue in recent consumer research, they may still be important for consumers’ evaluations and choices (Howard and Sheth, 1969). In addition, this study offers implications for public relations agencies or management companies that promote and manage celebrities. Although consumers in many countries have a higher preference for celebrities with a role model image, the authors see that being such a human brand can be potentially counterproductive amid scandals. If the level of supporters’ commitment for a celebrity is high and the attachment relationship is strong, then constructing a diverse and flexible image spectrum may be more advantageous in the long term than adhering to just the role model image. In the event that a misbehavior has occurred, celebrities, to the extent that they can identify their brand image, need to assess more precisely the type of moral judgment and support they are likely or unlikely to receive after the transgressions. Based on that analysis, the misbehaving celebrities may have to adjust the rehabilitation period or act of redemption. Finally, the conventional wisdom used by advertising agencies or corporations that the bad boy image of celebrities is more vulnerable to a negative event, needs to be reconsidered (Aaker et al., 2004). This rethinking is aligned with other past research that have also argued that transgressions do not necessarily have an adverse impact on associated brands (Lee and Kwak, 2016). Thus, when advertising agencies use celebrities, they must consider the congruence between the human brand image and the company and review the source and depth of the reasons why supporters like celebrities using a broader perspective. Social implications Although consumers in many countries have a higher preference for celebrities with a role model image, the authors see that being such a human brand can be potentially counterproductive amid scandals. For them constructing a diverse and flexible image spectrum may be more advantageous in the long term than adhering to just the unrealistic role model image. Celebrities need to assess more precisely the type of moral judgment and support they are likely or unlikely to receive after the transgressions. Based on that analysis, the misbehaving celebrities may have to adjust the rehabilitation period or act of societal redemption. Originality/value The study makes three key contributions by combining celebrity image and moral psychology to assess how consumers pass moral judgment on celebrities who transgress according to different image types, examining the mediation effect of moral reasoning in the relationship between consumer preferences for a celebrity and their support for them after transgressions and looking at consumer support for a comeback of the transgressing celebrity as the dependent variable and not just the effects of the immediate fallout. The value of this study, therefore, lies in understanding the specific dynamics between consumer preference, celebrity image, moral reasoning processes and consumer support to accept a celebrity’s return after a transgression.

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Bharadwaj, A., D. H. Archer i E. S. Rubin. "Modeling the Performance of Flattened Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell". Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 2, nr 1 (16.08.2004): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1842783.

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In this paper, we develop a computational model to predict the electrical performance of the flattened tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) designed by Siemens Westinghouse Corporation. This design is an improvement over the conventional cylindrical SOFC and allows higher power densities. We modeled the current transport in a cross section of the cell for a given cell operating voltage and local Nernst voltage. We solved the resulting system of simultaneous nonlinear equations using n-dimensional Newton-Raphson algorithm. The output gives the current density distribution and also the total current at the cross section, which is used to obtain the total cell current (and power) for the given voltage. The results of the model are in good agreement with the experimental performance reported in literature.

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Akmal, Jan Sher, Mika Salmi, Roy Björkstrand, Jouni Partanen i Jan Holmström. "Switchover to industrial additive manufacturing: dynamic decision-making for problematic spare parts". International Journal of Operations & Production Management 42, nr 13 (16.09.2022): 358–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-01-2022-0054.

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PurposeIntroducing additive manufacturing (AM) in a multinational corporation with a global spare parts operation requires tools for a dynamic supplier selection, considering both cost and delivery performance. In the switchover to AM from conventional manufacturing, the objective of this study is to find situations and ways to improve the spare parts service to end customers.Design/methodology/approachIn this explorative study, the authors develop a procedure – in collaboration with the spare parts operations managers of a case company – for dynamic operational decision-making for the selection of spare parts supply from multiple suppliers. The authors' design proposition is based on a field experiment for the procurement and delivery of 36 problematic spare parts.FindingsThe practice intervention verified the intended outcomes of increased cost and delivery performance, yielding improved customer service through a switchover to AM according to situational context. The successful operational integration of dynamic additive and static conventional supply was triggered by the generative mechanisms of highly interactive model-based supplier relationships and insignificant transaction costs.Originality/valueThe dynamic decision-making proposal extends the product-specific make-to-order practice to the general-purpose build-to-model that selects the mode of supply and supplier for individual spare parts at an operational level through model-based interactions with AM suppliers. The successful outcome of the experiment prompted the case company to begin the introduction of AM into the company's spare parts supply chain.

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Yamashita, Hideaki, Hirokazu Nagashima i Hideki Yamada. "Characteristics improvement of pressure transfer standard using a silicon resonant sensor". ACTA IMEKO 10, nr 1 (31.03.2021): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i1.875.

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<p>In the field of pressure measurement, numerous interlaboratory comparisons are carried out among National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) using a pressure transfer standard to verify the degrees of equivalence. Here, the Yokogawa electric corporation has been producing a series of digital manometers using a silicon resonant sensor developed independently. This sensor demonstrates excellent long-term stability and has thus been adopted as the pressure transfer standard by many NMIs and has been subsequently well received. The pressure transfer standard is known as the resonant silicon gauge (RSG) among NMIs. From December 2016, the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), the Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) institute, and Yokogawa initiated a collaborative research with the aim of improving the characteristics of the RSGs and developing a portable transfer standard using a new silicon resonant sensor. The new RSG was adjusted using a standard device calibrated by either NMIJ or Yokogawa. The measurement values of the standard device were corrected with the calibration results and used as the standard values for adjustment of the new RSG. The linearity of the new RSG adjusted via the proposed method was improved compared with that of a conventional RSG.</p>

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Chen, Meng, Xiaojun Tang, Dezhi Chen, Wujie Chao, Wenman Gao, Daye Yang, Hongmei Luo, Yucheng Zou i Lijie Pei. "Reactive Power Compensation Configuration of Offshore Wind Power Based on Economic Differential Pressure Theory". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2401, nr 1 (1.12.2022): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2401/1/012061.

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Abstract The conventional reactive power balance analysis method for offshore wind power transmission projects can be used to obtain many feasible solutions for reactive power compensation configuration, which requires a large number of simulation calculations to eliminate unreasonable schemes. The work is tedious and lacks theoretical guidance. In this paper, the main influencing factors, such as the current carrying capacity of offshore wind power and submarine cable, the mode of real-time power generation, and the reactive power output regulation of the wind turbine itself, are considered. The reactive power balance of offshore wind power transmission projects is derived. Combined with the economic differential pressure theory, the sea-side and land-side configuration methods of high reactance and dynamic reactive power compensation are put forward. On the basis of realizing real-time reactive power balance, the recommended reactive power compensation configuration scheme effectively reduces the active power loss of the transmission project, and at the same time, lowers the bus voltage of each node at sea, thus reducing the high risk of the excessive voltage of offshore wind farm. This project is supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China under “Research on multiple temporal and spatial coordinated optimal control theory for medium and long-distance large-scale offshore wind power transmission system” (No. 5100-202155305A-0-0-00).

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Ahn, H., S. Chae, S. Kim, C. Wang i R. S. Summers. "Efficient taste and odour removal by water treatment plants around the Han River water supply system". Water Science and Technology 55, nr 5 (1.03.2007): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.168.

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Seven major water treatment plants in Seoul Metropolitan Area, which are under Korea Water Resources Corporation (KOWACO)'s management, take water from the Paldang Reservoir in the Han River System for drinking water supply. There are taste and odour (T&O) problems in the finished water because the conventional treatment processes do not efficiently remove the T&O compounds. This study evaluated T&O removal by ozonation, granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment, powder activated carbon (PAC) and an advanced oxidation process in a pilot-scale treatment plant and bench-scale laboratory experiments. During T&O episodes, PAC alone was not adequate, but as a pretreatment together with GAC it could be a useful option. The optimal range of ozone dose was 1 to 2 mg/L at a contact time of 10 min. However, with ozone alone it was difficult to meet the T&O target of 3 TON and 15 ng/L of MIB or geosmin. The GAC adsorption capacity for DOC in the three GAC systems (F/A, GAC and O3 + GAC) at an EBCT of 14 min is mostly exhausted after 9 months. However, substantial TON removal continued for more than 2 years (>90,000 bed volumes). GAC was found to be effective for T&O control and the main removal mechanisms were adsorption capacity and biodegradation.

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Isa, Muhammad Umar, i Yusri Bin Kamin. "Effective Strategies for Integrating Project Based Learning into Woodwork Technology Education and Understanding at Tertiary Institutes in Nigeria". International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 14, nr 20 (18.10.2019): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i20.11468.

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The purpose of this examination is to research viable methodologies for in-corporating Project-based Learning (PoBL) in instructing and learning Woodwork Technology Education (WTE) at tertiary foundations in Nige-ria. A mixed-method approach including both quantitative and subjective technique was utilized for the investigation. The example of the examination involved 50 in-administration postgraduate understudies from Nigerian tertiary foundations concentrating Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in University Teknologi Malaysia for the quantitative perspective and 9 in-administration postgraduate understudies for the subjective part. A 16-thing organized poll was utilized for quantitative information accumulation while semi-organized meeting convention was utilized for subjective information gathering. Quantitative information was investigated utilizing SPSS programming variant 24 to process the rate and intend to demonstrate the degree of understanding or difference on things of the survey. NVIVO 12 was utilized for subjective data examination. Mem-ber check and pear questioning were utilized to build up the reliability of the interview convention. The principal discoveries of the examination un-covered that PoBL has not been embraced in WTE educating and learning at tertiary establishments of Nigeria, and the conventional instructional methodology including lecture, demonstration and task have been the instructional methodologies received. It was additionally uncovered from the discoveries that rebuilding of WTE educational plan at tertiary organizations in Nigeria to concentrate on a student-focused methodology, just as sorting out courses and workshops for WTE speakers to be familiar with the utilization of PoBL in WTE instructing and learning as a component of the successful techniques for incorporating PoBL in instructing and learn-ing WTE at tertiary establishments in Nigeria. PoBL is appropriate in the instructional procedures of courses like WTE which include intellectual and psychomotor aptitude procurement. At long last, the deficiencies of studies identifying with PobL in Nigeria illuminates the need to attempt this examination in WTE at tertiary organizations.

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Song, Quan Ming, i David Wert. "State of the Art Stainless Steel Provides Improved Properties for Widely Varying Applications". Advanced Materials Research 413 (grudzień 2011): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.413.341.

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Carpenter Technology Corporation’s Custom 465® stainless steel is a state-of-the-art alloy which has seen its applications expanding at a rapid rate. This alloy is a premium double vacuum melted (VIM/VAR) martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel that offers an excellent combination of strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. With its exceptional properties, design engineers have specified the alloy for high-performance components in various industries, such as aerospace, industrial, energy, consumer and medical. The high strength, greater than 250 ksi (1722 MPa) typical, and toughness of the alloy have allowed Custom 465 stainless to be used as a high-strength upgrade to conventional PH stainless steels such as 13-8 and 17-4. The addition of corrosion resistance to the high strength and toughness properties has allowed the alloy to be used as a stainless alternative to non-stainless steels such as AISI 4340 and 300M. This paper will compare mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of Custom 465 stainless steel to those of other PH stainless steels such as 17-4, 15-5, and 13-8, as well as to those of other aerospace alloys such as 300M and AerMet® 100 alloy. In addition, examples of the varied uses of the alloy will be provided, these examples will highlight the benefits obtained by the use of Custom 465 stainless steel over the previous alloys of choice for the applications.

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Shawkey, Heba, i Dalia Elsheakh. "Multiband Dual-Meander Line Antenna for Body-Centric Networks’ Biomedical Applications by Using UMC 180 nm". Electronics 9, nr 9 (20.08.2020): 1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091350.

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A new, compact, on-chip antenna architecture for 5G body-centric networks’ (BCNs) applications is presented in this paper. The integrated antenna combines two turns of dual-meander lines (DML) on two stacked layers and a metal ground layer. The proposed DML antenna structure operated at resonant bands 22 GHz, 34 GHz, 44 GHz, and 58 GHz with an operating bandwidth up to 2 GHz at impedance bandwidth ≤−7.5 dB (VSWR—Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ≤ 2.5) and antenna gain about −20 dBi, −15 dBi, −10 dBi, and −1 dBi, respectively. Then it was compared with conventional single-meander line antenna. The proposed structure decreased the resonant frequency by 22%, increased number of tuning bands, and broadened the operating bandwidth by 25%, 15%, 10%, and 20% for the tuning bands to be a suitable choice for high-data -ate biomedical applications. Furthermore, the proposed antenna was simulated and studied for its performance on and inside the human body to test the integration effect in wearable equipment. The results showed that the antenna had acceptable performance in both locations. All simulations of the proposed antenna were done were done by using Ansys HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) v.15 (Ansys, Canonsburg, PA, USA). The DML (Digital Microwave Links) antenna was fabricated by using UMC (United Microelectronics Corporation) 180 nm CMOS (Complementary Metal–Oxidesemi–Conductor) technology with a total area of 1150 µm × 200 µm and the results showed a good agreement between measured and simulated results.

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Hsieh, Yi-Zeng, Shih-Syun Lin, En-Yu Chang, Kwong-Kau Tiong, Shih-Wei Tan, Chiou-Yi Hor, Shyi-Chy Cheng, Yu-Shiuan Tsai i Chao-Rong Chen. "Wind Technologies for Wake Effect Performance in Windfarm Layout Based on Population-Based Optimization Algorithm". Energies 14, nr 14 (8.07.2021): 4125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144125.

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The focus of this study is under the auspices of China Steel Corporation, Taiwan, in carrying out the national energy policy of 2025 Non-Nuclear Home. Under this policy, an estimated 600 offshore wind turbines will be installed by 2025. In order to carry out the wind energy project effectively, a preliminary study must be conducted. In this article, we investigated the influence of the wake effect on the efficiency of the turbines’ layout in a windfarm. A distributed genetic algorithm is deployed to study the wind turbines’ layout in order to alleviate the detrimental wake effect. In the current stage of this research, the historical weather data of weather stations near the site of the 29th windfarm, Taiwan, were collected by Academia Sinica. Our wake effect resilient optimized windfarm showed superior performance over that of the conventional windfarm. Additionally, an operation cost minimization process is also demonstrated and implemented using an ant colony optimization algorithm to optimize the total length of the power-carrying interconnecting cables for the turbines inside the optimized windfarm.

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Wilson, Benjamin. "The Consultants". Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 45, nr 5 (1.11.2015): 758–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2015.45.5.758.

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After the laser was first demonstrated in 1960, many American defense officials hoped it would become a revolutionary new weapon. At the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA), a nonprofit advisory corporation contracted to the Defense Department, experts studied the possibility of using lasers to defend against nuclear-tipped ballistic missiles. A few academic consultants for IDA (among them physicists Nicolaas Bloembergen, Charles Townes, Keith Brueckner, and Norman Kroll) began to think about how to generate laser pulses of enormous power and propagate them through the atmosphere. Along the way, in a mix of classified discussions and reports, and through a series of important publications in the open literature, the consultants laid the foundations of a new field: nonlinear optics. Nonlinear optics is the science of the interaction between matter and intense light, and it became a major branch of physics in the 1960s. The field’s history calls for deeper consideration of the ways in which powerful institutions and the production of knowledge were joined in the Cold War era. Though nonlinear optics was every bit “Cold War science,” the conventional and widely used concept of “patronage” seems inadequate for understanding the origins and development of the field. A product of neither government contracts nor innovations in technology alone, nonlinear optics was fashioned by a close-knit and elite community of experts straddling the classified and unclassified domains. The field took its peculiar shape and content within this unique social space—the social world of the Cold War defense consultant.

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Fernandes, Sandra, Inês S. Romão, Carlos M. R. Abreu, Margarida J. Quina i Licínio M. Gando-Ferreira. "Selective separation of Cr(III) and Fe(III) from liquid effluents using a chelating resin". Water Science and Technology 66, nr 9 (1.11.2012): 1968–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.406.

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This study aimed to assess the selective separation of Cr(III) from Fe(III) from liquid solutions by using a chelating ion exchange resin, Diaion CR 11, from Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, in the H+ form. Equilibrium experiments with synthetic solutions of iron and chromium were carried out in batch mode. For both metals favorable adsorption isotherms were obtained, and the experimental data were well described by the Langmuir model. However, the resin exhibited higher affinity for iron than for chromium. The regeneration experiments revealed that, for both metals, HCl provided higher removal efficiencies than H2SO4 and HNO3. Moreover, precipitation with NaOH allows selectively separate chromium and iron to be stripped from the resin. Experiments in fixed bed operation were carried out to assess the dynamic behavior of the sorption of Cr(III) and Fe(III) into the tested resin by using synthetic and industrial solutions. The experiments with industrial effluent showed that the resin can remove low levels of contaminant transition metal ions, and thus the effluent can be purified for reuse of chromium during periods of 20–25 min. The resin regeneration was achieved with a sequential treatment with HCl and NaOH/H2O2. High efficiencies were observed for both monocomponent and multicomponent systems. A global strategy for separating and recovering Cr(III) from an effluent that also contains Fe(III) is presented, involving the integration of ion exchange (saturation and regeneration phases) and precipitation processes. In conclusion, our approach demonstrates that efficient separation of chromium and iron is possible if ion exchange operation in a fixed bed configuration is optimized and combined with conventional processes such as precipitation.

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Freudenberg, R., M. Andreeff, J. Kotzerke i H. Hartmann. "Radioaktivität mit dem Smartphone messen". Nuklearmedizin 52, nr 02 (2013): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3413/nukmed-0526-12-08.

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SummaryThe interest in the detection of radioactive materials has strongly increased after the accident in the nuclear power plant Fukushima and has led to a bottleneck of suitable measuring instruments. Smartphones equipped with a commercially available software tool could be used for dose rate measurements following a calibration according to the specific camera module. Aim: We examined whether such measurements provide reliable data for typical activities and radionuclides in nuclear medicine. Methods: For the nuclides 99mTc (10 – 1000 MBq), 131I (3.7 – 1800 MBq, therapy capsule) and 68Ga (50 – 600 MBq) radioactivity with defined geo metry in different distances was measured. The smartphones Milestone Droid 1 (Motorola) and HTC Desire (HTC Corporation) were compared with the standard instruments AD6 (automess) and DoseGUARD (AEA Technology). Results: Measurements with the smartphones and the other devices show a good agreement: linear signal increase with rising activity and dose rate. The long time measurement (131I, 729 MBq, 0.5 m, 60 min) demonstrates a considerably higher variation (by 20%) of the measured smartphone data values compared with the AD6. For low dose rates (< 1 μGy/h), the sensitivity decreases so that measurements of e. g. the natural radiation exposure do not lead to valid results. The calibration of the camera responsivity for the smartphone has a big influence on the results caused by the small detector surface of the camera semiconductor. Conclusions: With commercial software the camera module of a smartphone can be used for the measurement of radioactivity. Dose rates resulting from typical nuclear medicine procedures can be measured reliably (e. g., dismissal dose after radioiodine therapy). The signal shows a high correlation to measured values of conventional dose measurement devices.

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Constantinoiu, Laurențiu-Florin, Mariana Bernardino i Eugen Rusu. "Autonomous Shallow Water Hydrographic Survey Using a Proto-Type USV". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, nr 4 (7.04.2023): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11040799.

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Maritime unmanned systems (MUS) have gained widespread usage in a diverse range of hydrographic survey activities, including harbor/port surveys, beach and coastline monitoring, environmental assessment, and military operations. The present article explains a validated, rapid, and reliable technique for processing hydrographic data that was obtained via an autonomous hydrographic survey, and which was executed by a prototype unmanned surface vessel (USV) belonging to the Unmanned Survey Solutions (USS) corporation. The experimentation was part of the annual Multinational Exercise Robotic Experimentation and Prototyping that was augmented by Maritime Unmanned Systems 22 (REPMUS22), which was held in the national waters of Portugal. The main objective of this experimentation was to assess the underwater environment over an ocean beach for an amphibious landing exercise. Moreover, the integration of the multibeam system with the autonomous prototype vessel was assessed. A short comparison between the USV survey and a traditional vessel multibeam survey is presented, whereby the advantages of performing an autonomous survey operation near the coastline is emphasized. A correlation between a known multibeam processing technique and the dissemination of a rapid but consistent product for operational use is described, highlighting the applicability of the technique for the data collected from small experimental platforms. Moreover, this study outlines the relationship between the particular errors observed in autonomous small vehicles and in conventional data processing methods. The resultant cartographic outputs from the hydrographic survey are presented, emphasizing the specific inaccuracies within the raw data and the suitability of distinct hydrographic products for various user domains.

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Marsalek, Jiri, i Hans Schreier. "Innovation in Stormwater Management in Canada: The Way Forward". Water Quality Research Journal 44, nr 1 (1.02.2009): v—x. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2009.001.

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Abstract Rapid urban expansion, increased traffic, ageing infrastructure, greater climatic variability, and the need for enhanced sustainability of urban water resources pose significant challenges to conventional stormwater management. Innovative approaches are needed in order to mitigate the risk of flooding, pollution, and aquatic ecosystem degradation, and enhance beneficial uses of urban waters. To examine such approaches, a series of three regional conferences on innovative stormwater management were held in Vancouver, Calgary, and Toronto during 2007 to 2008 under the sponsorship of the Canadian Water Network (CWN) and the Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). Authors of selected conference papers providing information on innovative approaches to mitigating the risk of flooding and reducing pollution impacts at the property, neighbourhood, and watershed scales were then invited to submit journal papers, and those accepted in the review process were included in this Special Issue of the Water Quality Research Journal of Canada. An overview of the selected papers indicates that no single innovative measure is adequate under all circumstances,and a multibarrier approach is deemed to be most effective. Examples of innovations at the property level include harvesting roof runoff and reusing water, managing rainwater by infiltration in swales and into soils in bioretention areas, minimizing impervious surfaces, and using pervious pavement. At the neighbourhood level, runoff impacts are mitigated by designing roads without curbs, gutters, and drain pipes, and diverting runoff into infiltration channels, swales, and wetlands. Creating roads and parking lots with pervious pavement and draining runoff from such surfaces into infiltration basins is also discussed. Among stormwater quality source controls, potential effects of street sweeping on runoff quality enhancement were assessed. New innovations at the watershed scale include: (a) the creation of wide riparian buffer zones that can detain water, remove sediments, and mitigate nutrient export and other pollutant effects, (b) the minimization of channelization of streams and rivers, and (c) the designation of floodwater storage areas. A new water balance model that is linked to a global information system (GIS) and works at all the three scales offers the best option to conceptualize stormwater problems, and their mitigation, in urban watersheds. Finally, the aim of this Special Issue is to promote examples of successful innovative approaches to improving stormwater management in Canadian cities, hoping that other practitioners will build on this experience and bring stormwater management practice to the next higher level.

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Steensen, Kristian Quistgaard, i Kaspar Villadsen. "From social gospel to CSR: Was corporate social responsibility ever radical?" Organization 27, nr 6 (30.09.2019): 924–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508419877611.

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Critics lament that corporate social responsibility has failed to significantly change business practices and that it became ‘de-radicalized’ once embraced by corporate business management. Using historical analysis, this article reevaluates this de-radicalization thesis, questioning whether corporate social responsibility ever was as inherently radical as the thesis assumes. The article demonstrates that early corporate social responsibility was already invested with a strategy of pragmatism, an investment that traces back to a group of late 19th and early 20th century American Christian reformists, also known as the social gospel movement. They promised that industrialism would unify Christian ethics and capitalist production, thereby reconciling the conflict between profitseeking and social solidarity. The discourse they advanced already contained what would later become key corporate social responsibility components, including (1) the notion of ethical businessmen, (2) the corporation as a morally conscious being and (3) collaboration as the pathway to ‘industrial peace’. Theoretically, the analysis finds inspiration in Luc Boltanski’s and Eve Chiapello’s thesis on modern capitalism’s capacity to assimilate the critiques it faces, supplemented by Michel Foucault’s fine-grained analyses of the transformation and ‘tactical polyvalence’ of discourse. The two positions complement each other in their assumptions regarding the dialectical relationship between capitalism/critique (Boltanski and Chiapello) and power/resistance (Foucault). Tracing the origins of corporate social responsibility’s pragmatism further back in time than the conventional starting point in the 1950s casts new light on the de-radicalization thesis. In particular, corporate social responsibility emphasizes personal ethics as the key to industrial peace, a social gospel legacy that has steered corporate social responsibility away from demands that fundamentally challenge corporate capitalism.

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Harshitha, M. N., i S. Vivek. "Affordable Roofing System with Square and Rectangular Dome Panels". Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, nr 4 (22.07.2021): 2941–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2330.

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Affordable roofing is a word, which refers to residence units or habitation units whose prices are assumed/expected to be affordable or economical to a category of community with an identified remuneration limit or scale. Structural roofs are taken in to computation for considerable or valuable price of building in ordinary condition. Thus some savings accomplished in roofing operation or roofing system, significantly decreases the price of the structural units or building unit. In India, BMTPC (Building material and technology promotion council) and HUDCO ( Housing and urban development corporation limited) are the main tow organization or council who have been advertising or promoting appropriate building material and construction technologies in different territory or division of the country. In this roofing, systemized, standardized, advanced roofing units or parts have been used to avoid the temporary structures like shuttering. Hence, the roofing will be economical and progress of work is fast which ensures better in quality. Even though the studies, experiments or researching on this affordable roofing system as not been completely utilized as in other sector or region, a concentrated examination or exploration is to be done to verify the prefabricated roofing which would change the common roofing procedure. The major requisite of choosing affordable roofing system is to develop or advance the rapidity in construction and to decrease the price. In the current work, staadpro software is used for designing the precast RCC roofs and analysis of joist by analytical study using the finite element method. The outcomes which manifest the satisfactory volume of price or cost depletion for various set of panels. In this design, we have considered two least dimensions of 0.5m and 0.75m panels. The aspect ratios which is varying from 1 to 2 and the price depletion is of 0.4% to 9.4% for the least dimension of 0.5m panels. Likewise aspect ratio varying from 1 to 2 with a price depletion from 19.7% to 34.7% for a least dimensions of 0.75m panel size. As the size of the panels increases it becomes cost effective. The preferred roofing system was found to be more cost beneficial as compared with regular RCC roofing system with the increase in dimension of the slab. The roofing system is designed considering M20 concrete and fe415 steel. The beam system panels are precasted and can be easily placed in the position. 3 to 5 masons are enough to easily handle the loads of panels and primary, secondary beam because of weights of panels are less as compare to Conventional slabs. The affordable roofing systems requires lesser time for construction when compare to conventional RCC slab. The major advantage of this roofing is that false roofing works is not required for the dome shaped portion. This dome shaped portion sealing gives good attractive or decorative appearance. The cost analysis made between conventional roofing system and proposed roofing system indicates a cost reduction or depletion of 40% when compare to RCC slab of same size.

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Kohlmann, Alexander, Vera Grossmann, Claudia Haferlach, Beray Kazak, Sonja Schindela, Hans-Ulrich Klein, Tamara Weiss i in. "Next-Generation Sequencing Technology Reveals a Characteristic Pattern of Molecular Mutations in 75% of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) by Detecting Frequent Alterations in TET2, RUNX1, CBL, and RAS." Blood 114, nr 22 (20.11.2009): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.417.417.

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Abstract Abstract 417 Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a clonal hematopoietic malignancy that is characterized by features of both a myeloproliferative neoplasm and a myelodysplastic syndrome. Here, we analyzed 81 CMML cases (45 CMML-1, 36 CMML-2). In chromosome banding analysis 59/76 (77.6%) patients showed a normal karyotype (data not availabel in 5 cases). Recurrent chromosome aberrations were trisomy 8 (n=6; 7.9%), monosomy 7 (n=3; 3.9%), and loss of the Y-chromosome (n=5; 6.6%). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detected the deletion of one allele of the TET2 gene in 4/71 cases (5.6%). Thus, the majority of cases can not be genetically characterized by these techniques. Therefore, we applied next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to investigate 7 candidate genes, represented by 43 PCR-products, at known mutational hotspot regions, i.e. CBL (exons 8 and 9), JAK2 (exons 12 and 14), MPL (exon 10), NRAS (exons 2 and 3), and KRAS (exons 2 and 3). In addition, complete coding regions were analyzed for RUNX1 (beta isoform) and TET2. NGS was performed using 454 FLX amplicon chemistry (Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Branford, CT). The median number of base pairs sequenced per patient was 9.24 Mb. For each target gene a median of 911 reads was generated (coverage range: 736-fold to 1606-fold). This approach allowed a high-sensitive detection of molecular mutations, e.g. detecting the JAK2 V617F mutation down to 1.16% of reads. In total, 146 variances were detected by this comprehensive molecular mutation screening (GS Amplicon Variant Analyzer software version 2.0.01). In 80.4% of variances consistent results were obtained after confirming NGS mutations with melting curve analysis and conventional sequencing. In the remaining discrepant variances (19.6%) NGS deep-sequencing outperformed conventional methods due to the higher sensitivity of the platform. After excluding 19 polymorphisms or silent mutations 127 distinct mutations in 61/81 patients (75.3%) were detected: CBL: n=21 point mutations and one deletion (18 bp) found in 20 cases (24%); JAK2: n=8 mutations (V617F) found in 8 cases (9.8%); MPL: no mutations found; NRAS: n=23 mutations found in 18 cases (22.2%); KRAS: n=12 mutations found in 10 cases (12.3%); RUNX1: n=6 point mutations and one deletion (14 bp) found in 7 cases (8.6%); and TET2: n=49 point mutations and 6 deletions (2-19 bp; 5/6 out-of-frame) found in 41 cases (50.6%). Furthermore, in 21 TET2-mutated cases 11 mutations previously described in the literature were detectable, whereas 28 cases carried novel mutations (n=28). In the cohort of TET2-mutated cases 17/41 (41.3%) patients harbored TET2 abnormalities as sole aberration. Interestingly, CBL mutations were found to be significantly associated with TET2 mutations (Fisher's exact test, p=0.008). In 17 of 20 (85.0%) CBL-mutated cases TET2 abnormalities were concomitantly observed. In contrast, no significant associations were found between any of the point mutations or deletions and the karyotype. There were also no associations observed between molecular aberrations and the diagnostic categories CMML-1 and CMML-2. With respect to clinical data a trend for better outcome was seen for patients that carried either or both TET2 and CBL mutations (median OS 130.4 vs. 17.3 months, alive at 2 yrs: 72.0% vs. 43.9%; p=0.13). In conclusion, 75.3% of CMMLs harbored at least one molecular aberration. In median 2 mutations per case were observed. Compared to limited data from the literature we detected not only a higher frequency of CBL mutations, but also add data on novel TET2 mutations. In particular, comprehensive NGS screening here for the first time has demonstrated its strength to further genetically characterize and delineate prognostic groups within this type of hematological malignancy. Disclosures: Kohlmann: MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Grossmann:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Equity Ownership. Kazak:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Schindela:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Weiss:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Dicker:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Employment. Schnittger:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Equity Ownership. Kern:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Equity Ownership. Haferlach:MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory: Equity Ownership.

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Bernard, Elsa, Yasuhito Nannya, Tetsuichi Yoshizato, Robert P. Hasserjian, Ryunosuke Saiki, Yusuke Shiozawa, Sean M. Devlin i in. "TP53 State Dictates Genome Stability, Clinical Presentation and Outcomes in Myelodysplastic Syndromes". Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13.11.2019): 675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-129392.

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Background In patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS), TP53 mutations associate with high-risk presentation, complex karyotype, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression and poor response to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These associations highlight the relevance of TP53 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker. Consistent with its role as a tumor suppressor, bi-allelic targeting of the TP53 locus is a frequent but not an obligatory event. Despite the central role of TP53 in MDS, the clinical implications of TP53 mutations in the context of allelic state have not been extensively studied. Methods Under the auspices of the International Working Group for Prognosis in MDS, we sequenced a representative cohort of 3,324 peri-diagnosis MDS patients on a next generation sequencing (NGS) panel optimized for myeloid disease. Conventional G-banding analysis (CBA) was available for 2,931 patients. Focal (~3MB) gains and deletions and regions of NGS-derived copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) were assessed using an in-house algorithm CNACS. Putative oncogenic mutations in TP53 were characterized by consideration of normal controls and established population databases. A validation cohort of 1,120 samples with independent but comparable molecular and clinical annotation was sourced from a compendium of Japanese MDS data to include JALSG-MDS212, JMDP registry, and regional registries. Results NGS-derived ploidy alterations and CBA show a high genome-wide concordance. From NGS profiles, 11% of patients (n=360) are subject to cnLOH, of which 80 target the TP53 locus. We characterize 490 TP53 mutations in 380 patients, representing 11% of the cohort. Amongst those patients, 22% (n=85) and 21% (n=78) have a deletion or a cnLOH involving the TP53 locus, respectively. Taken together, these segregate patients into two TP53 states: a mono-allelic state where one wild type allele remains (33% of TP53 mutated patients, n=126); and a multi-hit state where TP53 is altered multiple times by either mutations, deletions or cnLOH (67% of TP53 mutated patients, n=254). We find that TP53 state shapes clinical presentation and outcomes. Mono-allelic TP53 patients present with more favorable disease than multi-hit TP53 patients: they are less cytopenic, have lower bone marrow blasts (median 4 vs. 9%, p<0.0001) and are enriched in low risk WHO subtypes. We show that the established association between mutated TP53 and complex karyotype is specific to the multi-hit TP53 state (OR=66, CI: 33-141, p<0.0001). Critically, we show that multi-hit TP53 associates with worse overall survival as compared to mono-allelic TP53 (HR=3.7, CI: 2.7-5.1, p<0.0001; Figure 1a) and more pronounced AML transformation (HR=5.3, CI: 3.1-8.9, p<0.0001; Figure 1b). Patients with mono-allelic TP53 mutations have a similar survival to that of wild type TP53 patients and track overall IPSS-R, whereas multi-hit TP53 stratifies adverse prognostic subgroups independent of the IPSS-R. We formally test this using multivariate models that consider age, peripheral blood counts, blasts and IPSS-R cytogenetic score and show that multi-hit TP53 state is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and AML transformation, whilst mono-allelic TP53 state is not significant. We also observe a significant difference in overall survival between TP53 states in the context of therapy-related MDS (HR=3.1, CI: 1.2-7.9, p=0.03). Last, analyses of 12 serial samples identify multi-hit targeting of the TP53 locus as a critical driver of AML transformation in the context of TP53-mutated MDS. These findings are replicated in the validation cohort. Conclusions TP53 is a natural candidate for incorporation in molecularly informed risk stratification schemas (molecular IPSS-R). We show that TP53 state rather than mutation alone is an independent diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in MDS. We propose that ascertainment of TP53 state is critical in prospective clinical sequencing for risk estimation, disease monitoring and future correlative research into predictors of response to established and investigational therapies. Disclosures Bernard: Celgene: Research Funding. Hasserjian:Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Promedior, Inc.: Consultancy. Germing:Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria. Cargo:Celgene: Research Funding. Santini:Acceleron: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Menarini: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Johnson & Johnson: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene Corporation: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Kotsianidis:Celgene: Research Funding. Takaori-Kondo:Pfizer: Honoraria; Chugai: Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria; Kyowa Kirin: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Ono: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria. Savona:Selvita: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Karyopharm Therapeutics: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Boehringer Ingelheim: Patents & Royalties; Celgene Corporation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte Corporation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sunesis: Research Funding. Ades:Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Silence Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Helsinn Healthcare: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Agios: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Jazz: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astellas: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Research Funding. Neuberg:Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Madrigal Pharmaceuticals: Equity Ownership; Celgene: Research Funding. Stevenson:Celgene: Research Funding. Fenaux:Jazz: Honoraria, Research Funding; Astex: Honoraria, Research Funding; Aprea: Research Funding; Celgene Corporation: Honoraria, Research Funding. Platzbecker:Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria. Heuser:Synimmune: Research Funding; Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin: Research Funding. Valent:Blueprint: Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Deciphera: Honoraria, Research Funding. Miyazaki:Nippon-Shinyaku: Honoraria; Dainippon-Sumitomo: Honoraria; Otsuka: Honoraria; Chugai: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria; Kyowa-Kirin: Honoraria. Finelli:Novartis: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Celgene Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Atsuta:CHUGAI PHARMACEUTICAL CO., LTD.: Honoraria; Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd: Honoraria. Gattermann:Novartis: Honoraria; Takeda: Research Funding; Alexion: Research Funding. Ebert:Broad Institute: Other: Contributor to a patent filing on this technology that is held by the Broad Institute.; Celgene: Research Funding; Deerfield: Research Funding. Bejar:Celgene: Consultancy; Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; AbbVie/Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astex/Otsuka: Consultancy; Modus Outcomes: Consultancy; Daiichi-Sankyo: Consultancy. Greenberg:Notable Labs: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; H3 Biotech: Research Funding; Aprea: Research Funding; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Ogawa:Qiagen Corporation: Patents & Royalties; ChordiaTherapeutics, Inc.: Consultancy, Equity Ownership; RegCell Corporation: Equity Ownership; Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharmaceutical, Inc.: Research Funding; Kan Research Laboratory, Inc.: Consultancy; Asahi Genomics: Equity Ownership. Papaemmanuil:Celgene: Research Funding.

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Maurel, Alexis, Ana Cristina Martinez, Sylvie Grugeon, Stephane Panier, Loic Dupont, Michel Armand, Roberto Russo i in. "(Battery Division Postdoctoral Associate Research Award Sponsored by MTI Corporation and the Jiang Family Foundation) 3D Printing of Batteries: Fiction or Reality?" ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, nr 3 (9.10.2022): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023214mtgabs.

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Motivated by the request to build shape-conformable flexible, wearable and customizable batteries while maximizing the energy storage and electrochemical performances, additive manufacturing (AM) appears as a revolutionary discipline. Battery components such as electrodes, separator, electrolyte, current collectors and casing can be tailored with any shape, allowing the direct incorporation of batteries and all electronics within the final three-dimensional object. AM also paves the way toward the implementation of complex 3D electrode architectures that could enhance significantly the power battery performances. Transitioning from conventional 2D to complex 3D lithium-ion battery (LIB) architectures will increase the electrochemically active surface area, enhance the Li+ diffusion paths, thus leading to improved specific capacity and power performance [1]. Our recent modeling studies [2] involving the simulation of a classical Ragone plot illustrated that a gyroid 3D battery architecture has +158% performance at a high current density of 6C, in comparison to planar geometry. In this presentation, an overview of current trends in energy storage 3D printing will be discussed [3-11]. A summary of our recent works on lithium-ion battery 3D printing via Thermoplastic Material Extrusion / Fused Deposition Modeling will be presented [12-16]. The development of printable composite filaments (Graphite-, LiFePO4-, Li2TP-, PEO/LiTFSI-, SiO2-, Ag/Cu-based) corresponding to each part of a LIB (electrodes, electrolyte, separator, current collectors), and the importance of introducing a plasticizer (polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether average Mn 500 for polylactic acid) as an additive to enhance the printability will be addressed. Printing of the complete LIB in a single step using multi-material printing options, and the implementation of a solvent-free protocol [14] will also be discussed. Second part of this presentation will be dedicated to AM of batteries by means of Vat Photopolymerization (VPP) processes, including stereolithography, digital light processing and two-photon polymerization (offering a greater resolution down to 0.1μm), to print high resolution battery components [10]. Composite resins formulation approaches based on the introduction of solid battery particles or precursor salts will be introduced [17, 18]. Finally, an overview of our ongoing project dedicated to AM of sodium-ion batteries from resources available on the Moon and Mars will be presented. Due to its relative abundance in the Lunar regolith, the development of a composite photocurable resin loaded with TiO2 negative electrode material and conductive additives, to feed a VPP printer, will be discussed [18]. [1] Long et al., Three-dimensional battery architectures, Chemical Reviews 104(10) (2004) 4463-4492. [2] Maurel et al., Considering lithium-ion battery 3D-printing via thermoplastic material extrusion and polymer powder bed fusion, Additive Manufacturing (2020) 101651. [3] Maurel et al., Overview on Lithium-Ion Battery 3D-Printing By Means of Material Extrusion, ECS Transactions 98(13) (2020) 3-21. [4] Ragones et al., Towards smart free form-factor 3D printable batteries, Sustainable Energy & Fuels 2(7) (2018) 1542-1549. [5] Reyes et al., Three-Dimensional Printing of a Complete Lithium Ion Battery with Fused Filament Fabrication, ACS Applied Energy Materials 1(10) (2018) 5268-5279. [6] Yee et al., Hydrogel-Based Additive Manufacturing of Lithium Cobalt Oxide, Advanced Materials Technologies 6(2) (2021). [7] Saccone et al., Understanding and mitigating mechanical degradation in lithium–sulfur batteries: additive manufacturing of Li2S composites and nanomechanical particle compressions, Journal of Materials Research (2021). [8] Tagliaferri et al., Direct ink writing of energy materials, Materials Advances 2(2) (2021) 25. [9] Sun et al., 3D Printing of Interdigitated Li-Ion Microbattery Architectures, Advanced Materials 25(33) (2013) 4539-4543. [10] Maurel et al., Toward High Resolution 3D Printing of Shape-Conformable Batteries via Vat Photopolymerization: Review and Perspective, IEEE Access 9 (2021) 140654-140666. [11] Seol et al., All-Printed In-Plane Supercapacitors by Sequential Additive Manufacturing Process, Acs Applied Energy Materials 3(5) (2020) 4965-4973. [12] Maurel et al., Highly Loaded Graphite-Polylactic Acid Composite-Based Filaments for Lithium-Ion Battery Three-Dimensional Printing, Chemistry of Materials 30(21) (2018) 7484-7493. [13] Maurel et al., Three-Dimensional Printing of a LiFePO4/Graphite Battery Cell via Fused Deposition Modeling, Scientific Reports 9(1) (2019) 18031. [14] Maurel et al., Environmentally Friendly Lithium-Terephthalate/Polylactic Acid Composite Filament Formulation for Lithium-Ion Battery 3D-Printing via Fused Deposition Modeling, ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 10(3) (2021) 037004. [15] Maurel et al., Poly(Ethylene Oxide)-LiTFSI Solid Polymer Electrolyte Filaments for Fused Deposition Modeling Three-Dimensional Printing, Journal of the Electrochemical Society 167(7) (2020). [16] Maurel et al., Ag-Coated Cu/Polylactic Acid Composite Filament for Lithium and Sodium-Ion Battery Current Collector Three-Dimensional Printing via Thermoplastic Material Extrusion, Frontiers in Energy Research 9(70) (2021). [17] Martinez et al., Additive Manufacturing of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 battery electrode material via vat photopolymerization precursor approach, (submitted). [18] Maurel et al., Vat Photopolymerization Additive Manufacturing of Sodium-Ion Battery TiO2 Negative Electrodes from Lunar In-Situ Resources, (submitted).

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