Artykuły w czasopismach: „Control of modern power system”

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Alexandridis, Antonio T. "Modern Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control". Energies 13, nr 15 (24.07.2020): 3814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153814.

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This Special Issue of Energies, “Modern Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control”, addresses the core problem of deploying novel aspects in the analysis of modern power systems as these are composed after the high penetration of distributed generation (DG) with different renewable energy sources (RES). The focus is given either on the new whole power and control system configuration or on individual cases of DG sources, power converters and other general or specific plants and devices. The problem can be tackled with different methodologies and may have several, more or less valuable and complicated solutions. The twenty-three accepted papers certainly offer a good contribution in a wide range of applications; they are extended from basic system theory perspectives, fundamental nonlinear analysis tools and novel modeling deployments to some interesting particular system and control issues.

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Sharma, Dushyant, i Sukumar Mishra. "Power system frequency stabiliser for modern power systems". IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 12, nr 9 (15.05.2018): 1961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2017.1295.

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Lutz, E., i J. Martinaud. "A Modern Data Base Management System in Power System Control". IFAC Proceedings Volumes 18, nr 7 (lipiec 1985): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)60448-8.

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Shah, Syed Afzal. "Active Power Control In Modern Power System Through Demand Side Response". International Journal of Engineering Works 06, nr 12 (31.12.2019): 521–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34259/ijew.19.612521524.

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Basit, Abdul, Tanvir Ahmad, Asfand Yar Ali, Kaleem Ullah, Gussan Mufti i Anca Daniela Hansen. "Flexible Modern Power System: Real-Time Power Balancing through Load and Wind Power". Energies 12, nr 9 (6.05.2019): 1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091710.

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Increasing large-scale integration of renewables in conventional power system has led to an increase in reserve power requirement owing to the forecasting error. Innovative operating strategies are required for maintaining balance between load and generation in real time, while keeping the reserve power requirement at its minimum. This research work proposes a control strategy for active power balance control without compromising power system security, emphasizing the integration of wind power and flexible load in automatic generation control. Simulations were performed in DIgSILENT for forecasting the modern Danish power system with bulk wind power integration. A high wind day of year 2020 was selected for analysis when wind power plants were contributing 76.7% of the total electricity production. Conventional power plants and power exchange with interconnected power systems utilize an hour-ahead power regulation schedule, while real-time series are used for wind power plants and load demand. Analysis showed that flexible load units along with wind power plants can actively help in reducing real-time power imbalances introduced due to large-scale integration of wind power, thus increasing power system reliability without enhancing the reserve power requirement from conventional power plants.

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Chiflidzhanova-Hubenova, Zoya. "Modern aspects of the development of information and control system in energetics". Journal scientific and applied research 1, nr 1 (3.03.2012): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/jsar.v1i1.18.

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In the present paper the energy systems are analyzed as an example of the so called large artificial systems. An example of a multilevel system has been considered which is associated with the problem of dispatching active power within the energy system. The advantages of multilevel control as compared to a centralized approach are shown below. Construction process of the so called integrated production systems aims at providing functional, infor-mation, software, and technical compatibility as well as efficiency of the individual subsystems. In terms of control each information management system, distinguished by a hierarchical structure, consists of three main levels: lowest – field level, the second one – operational and dispatching, and the third level – information level networks.

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Bodenstein, Max, Ingo Liere-Netheler, Frank Schuldt, Karsten von Maydell, Alexander K. Hartmann i Carsten Agert. "Optimized Power Flow Control to Minimize Congestion in a Modern Power System". Energies 16, nr 12 (8.06.2023): 4594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124594.

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The growing integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the power system causes congestion to occur more frequently. In order to reduce congestion in the short term and to make the utilization of the power system more efficient in the long term, power flow control (PFC) in the transmission system has been proposed. However, exemplary studies show that congestion will increase also in the distribution system if the transmission system is expanded. For this reason, the potential of PFC to reduce congestion in a model of a real 110 kV distribution system is investigated. Several Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) devices are optimized in terms of their number and placement in the power system, their size, control parameters, and costs, by using a Parallel Tempering approach as well as a greedy algorithm. Two optimization variants are considered, one reducing the number of degrees of freedom by integrating system knowledge while the other does not. It is found that near a critical grid state and disregarding costs, PFC can reduce congestion significantly (99.13%). When costs of the UPFCs are taken into account, PFC can reduce congestion by 73.2%. A basic economic analysis of the costs reveals that the usage of UPFCs is profitable. Furthermore, it is found that the reduction in the solution space of the optimization problem leads to better results faster and that, contrary to expectations, the optimization problem is simple to solve. The developed methods allow not only for the determination of the optimal use of UPFCs to minimize congestion, but also to estimate their profitability.

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Ullah, Kaleem, Abdul Basit, Zahid Ullah, Fahad R. Albogamy i Ghulam Hafeez. "Automatic Generation Control in Modern Power Systems with Wind Power and Electric Vehicles". Energies 15, nr 5 (27.02.2022): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051771.

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The modern power system is characterized by the massive integration of renewables, especially wind power. The intermittent nature of wind poses serious concerns for the system operator owing to the inaccuracies in wind power forecasting. Forecasting errors require more balancing power for maintaining frequency within the nominal range. These services are now offered through conventional power plants that not only increase the operational cost but also adversely affect the environment. The modern power system emphasizes the massive penetration of wind power that will replace conventional power plants and thereby impact the provision of system services from conventional power plants. Therefore, there is an emergent need to find new control and balancing solutions, such as regulation reserves from wind power plants and electric vehicles, without trading off their natural behaviors. This work proposes real-time optimized dispatch strategies for automatic generation control (AGC) to utilize wind power and the storage capacity of electric vehicles for the active power balancing services of the grid. The proposed dispatch strategies enable the AGC to appropriately allocate the regulating reserves from wind power plants and electric vehicles, considering their operational constraints. Simulations are performed in DIgSILENT software by developing a power system AGC model integrating the generating units and an EVA model. The inputs for generating units are considered by selecting a particular day of the year 2020, when wind power plants are generating high power. Different coordinated dispatch strategies are proposed for the AGC model to incorporate the reserve power from wind power plants and EVs. The performance of the proposed dispatch strategies is accessed and discussed by obtaining responses of the generating units and EVs during the AGC operation to counter the initial power imbalances in the network. The results reveal that integration of wind power and electric vehicles alongside thermal power plants can effectively reduce real-time power imbalances acquainted in power systems due to massive penetration of wind power that subsequently improves the power system security. Moreover, the proposed dispatch strategy reduces the operational cost of the system by allowing the conventional power plant to operate at their lower limits and therefore utilizes minimum reserves for the active power balancing services.

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O A, Ezechukwu. "Application of Comparators in Modern Power System Protection and Control". IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 8, nr 3 (2013): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1676-0835863.

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Ullah, Kaleem, Abdul Basit, Zahid Ullah, Sheraz Aslam i Herodotos Herodotou. "Automatic Generation Control Strategies in Conventional and Modern Power Systems: A Comprehensive Overview". Energies 14, nr 9 (22.04.2021): 2376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14092376.

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Automatic generation control (AGC) is primarily responsible for ensuring the smooth and efficient operation of an electric power system. The main goal of AGC is to keep the operating frequency under prescribed limits and maintain the interchange power at the intended level. Therefore, an AGC system must be supplemented with modern and intelligent control techniques to provide adequate power supply. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of various AGC models in diverse configurations of the power system. Initially, the history of power system AGC models is explored and the basic operation of AGC in a multi-area interconnected power system is presented. An in-depth analysis of various control methods used to mitigate the AGC issues is provided. Application of fast-acting energy storage devices, high voltage direct current (HVDC) interconnections, and flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices in the AGC systems are investigated. Furthermore, AGC systems employed in different renewable energy generation systems are overviewed and are summarized in tabulated form. AGC techniques in different configurations of microgrid and smart grid are also presented in detail. A thorough overview of various AGC issues in a deregulated power system is provided by considering the different contract scenarios. Moreover, AGC systems with an additional objective of economic dispatch is investigated and an overview of worldwide AGC practices is provided. Finally, the paper concludes with an emphasis on the prospective study in the field of AGC.

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BOIKO, Sergey, Alona HEBDA, Yurii STUSHCHANSKY, Serhiy GOLOVANOV i Myhailo RUZHUK. "APPROACH TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM OF THE ELECTRIC POWER PLANT OF THE AIRCRAFT". Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 315, nr 6 (29.12.2022): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2022-315-6(2)-20-24.

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The paper proposes an approach to improving the adaptive system of aircraft with an electric propulsion system. Modern aircraft are inextricably linked with electronics that ensure the functioning of the entire air transport system. Modern aircraft avionics is a complex of hardware and software that is part of the automatic control system of the aircraft and functionally combines the glider with the drive of the executive body. One of the main functions of modern avionics is the automation of aircraft control processes, which aims to ensure the proper execution of a safe flight with the smallest number of crew members. this fact encourages the continuous improvement of the existing on-board avionics complexes of aircraft. Among other things, the adaptive control system should determine the dynamic characteristics of the controlled aircraft during the flight, the assessment of the state of the functional systems of the aircraft and the formation of control signals. An approach to the construction of an aircraft control system is proposed, which involves a double determination of the characteristics of the object under study. The structure of the control system of an aircraft with an electric power plant is proposed. Its construction was influenced by the operating features of the aircraft’s electric power plant, the approach to the dual determination of the aircraft’s characteristics, and the principle of dual control of the aircraft’s flight parameters. The paper proposes an approach to improving the adaptive system of aircraft with an electric propulsion system. There are the following factors: 1) height, accuracy and reliability of sensors of all parameters, regardless of operating conditions; 2) a simple and at the same time reliable and functional interface; 3) timely detection of deviations in the operation of aircraft systems during its operation and transmission of relevant information to the crew and the control system; 4) operational determination of the dynamic characteristics of the aircraft during flight and adaptive optimization of controlled signals taking into account the purpose of control and the specified optimization criteria.

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Golovanov, Igor', Alena Alekseeva, Vladimir Proskuryakov i Roman Samchuk. "MODERN METHODS OF REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION IN PETROCHEMICAL PRODUCTION". Bulletin of the Angarsk State Technical University 1, nr 15 (12.01.2022): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-777x-2021-1-15-22-28.

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Electrical circuits of reactive power compensation on the basis of thyristor control circuits in the power supply system of oil refineries are considered. The main advantages, advantages over traditional reactive power compensation systems and directions of introduction into the power supply system of modern production are formulated.

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Lee, Heungjae, Wonkun Yu, Junghyun Oh, Hyungsuk Kim i Jinyoung Kim. "Development of an Intelligent Voltage Control System for Bulk Power Systems". Applied Sciences 11, nr 19 (4.10.2021): 9233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11199233.

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As modern power systems become large and complicated, an automated voltage and reactive power control system is required in most developed countries due to the remarkable recent progress in computer networks and information technology. To date, voltage control has depended on human operators in the Korean power system. Accordingly, this paper proposes a universal intelligent voltage control system for bulk power systems based on sensitivity analysis and a main expert system. A detailed state space modeling technique is discussed, and an effective performance index is proposed to accelerate the searching performance of the expert system. As the searching strategy is an important factor for the speed of the expert system, the least-first search algorithm is applied using this performance index. The proposed system has been applied to the Korean power system, showing promising results.

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Vyas, Bhavesh, Mukesh Kumar Gupta i M. P. Sharma. "Distributed Volt Ampere Reactive Power Compensation of Modern Power System to Control High Voltage". Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 101, nr 1 (luty 2020): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40031-020-00422-3.

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Senyuk, Mihail, Murodbek Safaraliev, Firuz Kamalov i Hana Sulieman. "Power System Transient Stability Assessment Based on Machine Learning Algorithms and Grid Topology". Mathematics 11, nr 3 (18.01.2023): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11030525.

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This work employs machine learning methods to develop and test a technique for dynamic stability analysis of the mathematical model of a power system. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is the absence of a priori parameters of the power system model. Thus, the adaptability of the dynamic stability assessment is achieved. The selected research topic relates to the issue of changing the structure and parameters of modern power systems. The key features of modern power systems include the following: decreased total inertia caused by integration of renewable sources energy, stricter requirements for emergency control accuracy, highly digitized operation and control of power systems, and high volumes of data that describe power system operation. Arranging emergency control in these new conditions is one of the prominent problems in modern power systems. In this study, the emergency control algorithms based on ensemble machine learning algorithms (XGBoost and Random Forest) were developed for a low-inertia power system. Transient stability of a power system was analyzed as the base function. Features of transmission line maintenance were used to increase accuracy of estimation. Algorithms were tested using the test power system IEEE39. In the case of the test sample, accuracy of instability classification for XGBoost was 91.5%, while that for Random Forest was 81.6%. The accuracy of algorithms increased by 10.9% and 1.5%, respectively, when the topology of the power system was taken into account.

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Savenko, A. E., i P. S. Savenko. "Features of ensuring high-quality work of modern electrical power systems of unmanned vessels". Vestnik MGTU 25, nr 4 (22.12.2022): 378–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21443/1560-9278-2022-25-4-378-389.

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Unmanned seagoing vessels are increasingly being used. In the paper the dump scow Rabochaya is considered as an example of an unmanned vessel. An extended marine control system, a video surveillance subsystem, a surveillance and search engine are additionally installed on the scow to carry out industrial tasks in unmanned mode. The correct operation of these systems and the whole vessel depends on the high-quality operation of the ship's electrical power system. The aim of the study is to identify abnormal modes of parallel operation of marine diesel generator sets and to develop methods and means for their elimination. The results of the experimental research and mathematical modeling have revealed the existence of power exchange oscillations when the ship generators operating in parallel. Power exchange oscillations can be detected with the help of generator current oscillations. It has been proposed to introduce a unit for eliminating power exchange oscillations (EPEO) into the automatic control system of ship electrical power systems for eliminating such oscillations. An algorithm for the operation of the EPEO unit has been developed, it controls the settings of the rotational speed regulators of diesel-generator sets. The proposed methods and tools reduce the amplitude of power exchange oscillations to an acceptable value, and therefore contribute to the high-quality operation of the ship's electrical power system and control systems in unmanned mode. The results obtained make it possible to ensure reliable and trouble-free operation of any autonomous electrical power system during the operation mode without maintenance personnel.

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Konovalov, Yuriy, i Pavel Cherednik. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM OF NOVO-ZIMINSK TPC". Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2018, nr 1 (23.03.2020): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2020-2018-1-149-150.

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Barrueto Guzmán, Aldo, Héctor Chávez Oróstica i Karina A. Barbosa. "Stability Analysis: Two-Area Power System with Wind Power Integration". Processes 11, nr 8 (18.08.2023): 2488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11082488.

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This paper focuses on a comprehensive stability study of a two-area power system with wind power integration and synthetic inertia control in each area, considering the effects of varying the interconnection link. Normally, synthetic inertia proposals are analyzed in one-area systems, in which stability is tested without considering transmission system phenomena, such as coherency. As modern power systems are progressively becoming interconnected, the possibility of forming two or more non-coherent areas is likely, which poses a challenge to synthetic inertia control techniques that use system frequency as a main feedback signal. In this context, this work addresses a crucial gap in the existing literature and provides a valuable starting point for studying more complex interconnected power systems with wind power integration. Simulations were performed in Matlab-Simulink considering a data-driven frequency dynamics model of the Chilean Electric System, and a wind power model with synthetic inertia control H2 norm minimization in each area. The results showed that it is possible to find local optimal feedback gains, preserving the stability of the global system under significant variations in the interconnection link. RoCoF and Nadir indicators are provided, highlighting the benefits of synthetic inertia control, particularly in low-inertia situations.

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Tadie, Abebe Tilahun, Zhizhong Guo i Ying Xu. "Hybrid Model-Based BESS Sizing and Control for Wind Energy Ramp Rate Control". Energies 15, nr 23 (6.12.2022): 9244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239244.

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This paper presents a hybrid model constituting dynamic smoothing technique and particle swarm optimization techniques to optimally size and control battery energy storage systems for wind energy ramp rate control and power system frequency performance enhancement. In today’s modern power system, a high-proportion renewable energy grid is inevitable. This high-proportion renewable energy grid is a power system with abundant integration of renewable energy resources under the presence of energy storage tools. Energy storage tools are integrated into such power systems to balance the fluctuation and intermittence of renewable energy sources. One of the requirements in a high-proportion renewable energy grid is the fractional power balance between generation and load. One of the requirements set by power system regulators is the generation variation between two time points. A power producer is mandated to satisfy the ramp rate requirement set by the grid owner. This paper proposes dynamic smoothing techniques for initial size determination and particle swarm optimization based on optimal sizing and control of battery energy storage systems for ramp rate control and frequency regulation performance of a power system integrated with a large percentage of wind energy systems. Wind energy data taken from Zhangjiakou wind farm in China are used. The results indicate that the battery energy storage system improves the ramp rate characteristics of the wind farm. In addition, the virtual inertia capability of the battery energy storage system enabled the transient and steady-state frequency response of the test power system to improve significantly.

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Hu, Zhen, Ding Wang i Yangwu Shen. "Reactive power compensation method in modern power system facing energy conversion". IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 16, nr 8 (25.01.2022): 1582–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.12374.

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Malyshev, A., i S. Petukhov. "ANALYSIS OF MODERN POWER PLANT CONTROL SYSTEMS ACCORDING TO THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY CRITERION". National Association of Scientists 1, nr 67 (15.06.2021): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2021.1.67.426.

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Modern production management systems currently play a significant role for industrial enterprises. One of the main tasks of the energy manager is to increase production productivity, increase the efficiency of using fuel and energy resources, correctly select performing personnel, properly maintain technical documentation, and so on. All activities mean very painstaking work, which needs to be automated thanks to modern control systems using IT technologies. In this system, such systems are analyzed to meet modern production management requirements.

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J., Avanija, Suneetha Konduru, Vijetha Kura, Grande NagaJyothi, Bhanu Prakash Dudi i Mani Naidu S. "Designing a Fuzzy Q-Learning Power Energy System Using Reinforcement Learning". International Journal of Fuzzy System Applications 11, nr 3 (1.07.2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijfsa.306284.

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Modern power and energy systems are becoming more complicated and uncertain as distributed energy resources (DERs), flexible loads, and other developing technologies become more integrated. This brings great challenges to the operation and control. Furthermore, the deployment of modern sensor and smart metres generates a considerable amount of data, which opens the door to fresh data-driven ways for dealing with complex operation and control difficulties. One of the most commonly touted strategies for control and optimization problems is reinforcement learning (RL). Designing a fuzzy Q-learning power energy system using RL technique will control and reduce the problems arranging in the energy system.

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Zaid, Sherif A., Abualkasim Bakeer, Gaber Magdy, Hani Albalawi, Ahmed M. Kassem, Mohmed E. El-Shimy, Hossam AbdelMeguid i Bassel Manqarah. "A New Intelligent Fractional-Order Load Frequency Control for Interconnected Modern Power Systems with Virtual Inertia Control". Fractal and Fractional 7, nr 1 (5.01.2023): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract7010062.

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Since modern power systems are susceptible to undesirable frequency oscillations caused by uncertainties in renewable energy sources (RESs) and loads, load frequency control (LFC) has a crucial role to get these systems’ frequency stability back. However, existing LFC techniques may not be sufficient to confront the key challenge arising from the low-inertia issue, which is due to the integration of high-penetration RESs. Therefore, to address this issue, this study proposes an optimized intelligent fractional-order integral (iFOI) controller for the LFC of a two-area interconnected modern power system with the implementation of virtual inertia control (VIC). Here, the proposed iFOI controller is optimally designed using an efficient metaheuristic optimization technique, called the gray wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm, which provides minimum values for system frequency deviations and tie-line power deviation. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed optimal iFOI controller is confirmed by contrasting its performance with other control techniques utilized in the literature, such as the integral controller and FOI controller, which are also designed in this study, under load/RES fluctuations. Compared to these control techniques from the literature for several scenarios, the simulation results produced by the MATLAB software have demonstrated the efficacy and resilience of the proposed optimal iFOI controller based on the GWO. Additionally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller design in regulating the frequency of interconnected modern power systems with the application of VIC is confirmed.

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Muyizere, Darius, Lawrence K. Letting i Bernard B. Munyazikwiye. "Effects of Communication Signal Delay on the Power Grid: A Review". Electronics 11, nr 6 (10.03.2022): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11060874.

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Communication plays a huge role in the operation of modern power systems. It permits a real-time monitoring coordination and control of the transmission, generation and distribution of electrical energy. As the modern grid grows towards an increased reliance on communication systems for the protection, metering and monitoring for as well as data acquisition for planning; there is a need to understand the challenge in the powers’ system communication and their impact on the uninterrupted supply of electrical energy. Communication delays are one of the challenges that might affect the performance of the power system and lead to power losses and equipment damage, it is important to investigate the causes and the mitigation options available. Thus, this paper the state of arts on the cause, the effect and mitigation of communication delays in the power system. Furthermore, in this paper an analysis of different causes of the delays for different network configurations and communication systems used; a comparative analysis of different latency mitigation methods and system performance simulations of a given compensation algorithm is tested against the existing methods. The pros and cons of these control strategies are illustrated in this paper. The summary and assessment of those methods of control in this review offer scholars and utilities valuable direction-finding to design superior communication energy control systems in the future.

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Dmitriev, A. A., i V. E. Gerasimov. "Concept of control and data acquisition system for modern digital power substation". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1399 (grudzień 2019): 055027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1399/5/055027.

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Zhang, Yi, Xiangjie Liu i Yujia Yan. "Model Predictive Control for Load Frequency Control with Wind Turbines". Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/282740.

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Reliable load frequency (LFC) control is crucial to the operation and design of modern electric power systems. Considering the LFC problem of a four-area interconnected power system with wind turbines, this paper presents a distributed model predictive control (DMPC) based on coordination scheme. The proposed algorithm solves a series of local optimization problems to minimize a performance objective for each control area. The scheme incorporates the two critical nonlinear constraints, for example, the generation rate constraint (GRC) and the valve limit, into convex optimization problems. Furthermore, the algorithm reduces the impact on the randomness and intermittence of wind turbine effectively. A performance comparison between the proposed controller with and that without the participation of the wind turbines is carried out. Good performance is obtained in the presence of power system nonlinearities due to the governors and turbines constraints and load change disturbances.

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Suliman, Mohammed Yahya. "Active and reactive power flow management in parallel transmission lines using static series compensation (SSC) with energy storage". International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, nr 6 (1.12.2019): 4598. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp4598-4609.

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<p>The power flow controlled in the electric power network is one of the main factors that affected the modern power systems development. The Static Series Compensatior with storage energy, is a FACTS powerful device that can control the active power flow control of multiple transmission lines branches. In this paper, a simulation model of power control using static series compensator with parallel transmission lines is presented. The control system using adaptive neuro-fuzzy logic is proposed. The results show the ability of static series compensator with storage energy to control the flow of powers components "active and reactive power" in the controlled line and thus the overall power regulated between lines. </p>

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Lee, Wei-Jen. "Transformation of the Modern Power System [President's Messsage]". IEEE Industry Applications Magazine 27, nr 5 (wrzesień 2021): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mias.2021.3086957.

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Williams, G. A., i M. J. Holt. "Vehicle Electrical Power Supply Systems and Their Impact on System Design". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 206, nr 3 (lipiec 1992): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_174_02.

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The electrical power system is the vital lifeline to most of the control systems on modern automobiles. The following general trends are observed. (a) increased use of electrically actuated systems, (b) increased use of electronic control, (c) increasing requirements for high-integrity power supplies for safety critical systems, (d) increased average electrical power consumption (heating, actuation, control systems), (e) increased electrical demand at engine idle combined with reducing idling speeds, (f) increased interest in higher voltage systems, (g) electrical system problems a major cause of roadside breakdowns. These trends clearly indicate major changes in the requirements of vehicle electrical power supply systems and will demand considerable activity from the vehicle industry in the next decade. An important aim of this paper is to illustrate and promote a systems view of electrical power while considering existing and future problems and opportunities.

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Li, Qingyan, Tao Lin, Qianyi Yu, Hui Du, Jun Li i Xiyue Fu. "Review of Deep Reinforcement Learning and Its Application in Modern Renewable Power System Control". Energies 16, nr 10 (17.05.2023): 4143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16104143.

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With the ongoing transformation of electricity generation from large thermal power plants to smaller renewable energy sources (RESs), such as wind and solar, modern renewable power systems need to address the new challenge of the increasing uncertainty and complexity caused by the deployment of electricity generation from RESs and the integration of flexible loads and new technologies. At present, a high volume of available data is provided by smart grid technologies, energy management systems (EMSs), and wide-area measurement systems (WAMSs), bringing more opportunities for data-driven methods. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL), as one of the state-of-the-art data-driven methods, is applied to learn optimal or near-optimal control policy by formulating the power system as a Markov decision process (MDP). This paper reviews the recent DRL algorithms and the existing work of operational control or emergency control based on DRL algorithms for modern renewable power systems and control-related problems for small signal stability. The fundamentals of DRL and several commonly used DRL algorithms are briefly introduced. Current issues and expected future directions are discussed.

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Huynh, Van Van, Bui Le Ngoc Minh, Emmanuel Nduka Amaefule, Anh-Tuan Tran i Phong Thanh Tran. "Highly Robust Observer Sliding Mode Based Frequency Control for Multi Area Power Systems with Renewable Power Plants". Electronics 10, nr 3 (24.01.2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030274.

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This paper centers on the design of highly robust observer sliding mode (HROSM)-based load frequency and tie-power control to compensate for primary frequency control of multi-area interconnected power systems integrated with renewable power generation. At first, the power system with external disturbance is model in the state space form. Then the state observer is used to estimate the system states which are difficult or expensive to measure. Secondly, the sliding mode control (SMC) is designed with a new single phase sliding surface (SPSS). In addition, the whole system asymptotic stability is proven with Lyapunov stability theory based on the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. The new SPSS without reaching time guarantees rapid convergence of high transient frequency, tie-power change as well as reduces chattering without loss of accuracies. Therefore, the superiority of modern state-of-the-art SMC-based frequency controllers relies on good practical application. The experimental simulation results on large interconnected power systems show good performance and high robustness against external disturbances when compared with some modern state of art controllers in terms of overshoots and settling time.

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Kovalev, G. F., D. S. Krupenev i L. M. Lebedeva. "Modern problems of electric power systems reliability". Automation and Remote Control 71, nr 7 (lipiec 2010): 1436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0005117910070179.

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Churina, Alexandra. "Innovative Control of the Development of an Ergatic Electric Power System Based on Fuzzy Logic". Electronics and Control Systems 3, nr 69 (21.12.2021): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/1990-5548.69.16426.

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This article deals with the search for a palliative optimal solution to the optimization of the electric power problem. A mathematical model of planning by the development of a hierarchical ergatic electric power system is proposed to be presented as an optimization problem of minimizing vectors. An innovative direction in modeling the control system of an ergatic electric power system based on artificial neural networks is also considered. It is noted that intelligent control systems for power supply systems are robust. The innovative concept of a smart power system is due to the integration into a hierarchical power system of renewable energy sources based on modern computer technologies. It is noted that during the operation of an intelligent electric power system, control systems must provide adaptive qualities in relation to the topology of the power supply system. It is proposed to investigate the solution to the optimization of electric power problems using methods of fuzzy mathematical programming.

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He, GuangYu, YingYun Sun, QianTu Ruan, Wei Wang i ShuFeng Dong. "Modern power systems control centers: from EMS to AEMS". Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences 52, nr 2 (21.11.2008): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-008-0312-5.

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Satyanarayana, P. V. V., i P. V. Ramana Rao. "DG integration to distribution system with active power injection control". International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, nr 2 (1.06.2020): 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i2.pp692-701.

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Conventional methodology for electrical power generation is vulnerable due to environmental limitations and the availability of fuel. Distributed generation, offering virtuous benefits to the market partakers, is trending in electrical power system in modern era. This paper presents the distributed generation integration to grid with active power injection control. Distributed generation source delivers DC power which is processed through square wave inverter. Inverter circuit is controlled using a simple control technique to match grid code. Fixing the current reference and varying the same, analysis is carried out for grid integration scheme of distributed generation injecting active power to grid. Simulation work is carried out and results are shown using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.

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Samoilescu, Gheorghe, Dumitru Iorgulescu, Robert Mitrea i Laura D. Cizer. "Analysis of Steering Gear Under the Requirements of Modern Navigation". International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 24, nr 3 (1.06.2018): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2018-0139.

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Abstract This paper presents aspects of the steering gear onboard a merchant ship by analyzing aft and bow systems based on automation and use of modern propulsion. The choice of the transverse propeller is based on several economic considerations (its price, consumption, efficiency, etc.), technical considerations (positioning, size, vibrations induced in the ship’s hull), and maneuverability considerations (the ship’s turning rate under the action of the propeller. Accordingly, the propulsion system can come in various sizes, power values, shapes of the tunnel, and can present fixed or variable pitch propellers. Depending on the maneuverability of the ship, the transverse propulsion is analyzed by taking into account two tests: the turning of the transverse propulsion system test in calm and windy weather, and the steering test. The automation system is designed to control and monitor the on-board operational systems and equipment, and it encompasses a wide range of control, monitor and alarm. The integrated navigational equipment includes the following sub-systems: navigation consoles, ship handling consoles, dynamic positioning consoles, anchoring and deck operations consoles, and propulsion system control consoles. The propulsion control system is especially dedicated to the propeller and thruster control system, resulting in a joint control system, and the cables are reduced in number since the communication lines are used in series. The mandatory condition for successfully solving the problem with the complex automation of naval installations and equipment is the construction of complex automatic control systems (ACS), consisting of: automated commands or remote controls, a system of collecting, processing and displaying information, as well as a system of control, fault detection and diagnosis

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Baszyński, Marcin, i Tomasz Siostrzonek. "Flywheel energy storage control system with the system operating status control via the Internet". Archives of Electrical Engineering 63, nr 3 (1.09.2014): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aee-2014-0033.

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Abstract Modern electronics systems consist of not only with the power electronics converters, but also with the friendly user interface which allow you to read the operating parameters and change them. The simplest solution of the user interface is to use alphanumeric display which displays information about the state of the converter. With a few additional buttons you can change the settings. This solution is simple, inexpensive but allows only local control (within walking distance from the system) and the number of displayed information is low. You can create extensive menu, but it causes problems with access to information. This paper presents the example of a rotating energy storage universal solution which is lack of the above mentioned disadvantages

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Ma, Chao-Tsung, i Zhen-Huang Gu. "Design and Implementation of a GaN-Based Three-Phase Active Power Filter". Micromachines 11, nr 2 (24.01.2020): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11020134.

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Renewable energy (RE)-based power generation systems and modern manufacturing facilities utilize a wide variety of power converters based on high-frequency power electronic devices and complex switching technologies. This has resulted in a noticeable degradation in the power quality (PQ) of power systems. To solve the aforementioned problem, advanced active power filters (APFs) with improved system performance and properly designed switching devices and control algorithms can provide a promising solution because an APF can compensate for voltage sag, harmonic currents, current imbalance, and active and reactive powers individually or simultaneously. This paper demonstrates, for the first time, the detailed design procedure and performance of a digitally controlled 2 kVA three-phase shunt APF system using gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). The designed digital control scheme consists of three type II controllers with a digital signal processor (DSP) as the control core. Using the proposed APF and control algorithms, fast and accurate compensation for harmonics, imbalance, and reactive power is achieved in both simulation and hardware tests, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system. Moreover, GaN HEMTs allow the system to achieve up to 97.2% efficiency.

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Praveena, P. "Optimal Design of Load Frequency Control of Single Area System". Asian Journal of Electrical Sciences 8, S1 (5.06.2019): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajes-2019.8.s1.2302.

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In a single-area power system, if a load demand changes randomly, the frequency varies. The main aim of load frequency control (LFC) is to minimize the transient variations and to make sure that the steady state error is zero. Many modern and robust control techniques are used to implement an authentic controller. The objective of these control techniques is to produce and deliver power reliably by maintaining both frequency and voltage within the threshold range. As real power changes, system frequency gets affected and reactive power is dependent on variation in voltage level. Hence real power and reactive power are controlled separately. The role of automatic generation control (AGC) in power system operations under normal operating conditions is analysed. To study the reliability of various control techniques of LFC of the proposed system through simulation in MATLAB-Simulink.

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Voropai, Nikolai, Dmitry Efimov, Victor Kurbatsky i Nikita Tomin. "Stability of intelligent energy system and intelligent control methods". E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901051.

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In modern power systems, a variety of both objects and the tools of control is expected to be much larger than before. As a result, the dynamic properties of these systems are complicated, and the issues of maintaining stability come to the fore. The paper provides a brief overview of the types of stability, including those that, until recently, were considered local in the electric power systems of Russia. It is shown that in today’s conditions the violation of these types of stability affects the operation of the electric power system as a whole. Therefore, the coordination of control of both normal and emergency modes of the systems takes on a special role and should become more intelligent. In this regard, a brief overview of machine learning developments of control agents at different levels of the control hierarchy is presented.

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Dmitriev, B. F., S. Ya Galushin, S. A. Sogonov, А. Yu Rozov i М. A. Маksimova. "Development of control system for reactive power compensator of frequency converter for control of propulsion motor". Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 2, nr 404 (6.06.2023): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-108-116.

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Object and purpose of research. The control of the operating modes of the propulsion electric motor (PEM) is carried out by semiconductor frequency converters, the use of which significantly worsens the quality of electricity on the common buses of the Marine Power Systems. The main reasons are a decrease in the power factor and the appearance of higher harmonics in the consumed current. As a result of this, the reliability of consumers' operation decreases, and power losses increase. Therefore, reducing these negative consequences is an urgent task. Materials and methods. Methods of theoretical electrical engineering, power theory were used. Main results. The method of operation of the reactive power control device for ensuring the quality of electricity, increasing the power factor and filtering higher harmonics in Marine Power Systems was considered and proposed. Conclusion. To ensure the quality of electrical energy of the reactive power compensator, it is necessary to use modern pulse-modulation control algorithms with direct microprocessor control.

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Shariff, Shafiulla, Saraswathi H S, Meghana G R, Usha K i Archana K N. "Modern IoT Based Gardening System". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 8 (31.08.2022): 1403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46428.

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Abstract: This paper aims at developing an auto irrigation/gardening system with raspberry pi. This system is easy to manage as allusers are able to login by Smartphone and access the condition of garden. These features sense that, user can access the parameters of the land such as moisture, temperature etc. and also water flow can be controlled, as well as supplies the water when required. To implement this system soil moisture, temperature, humidity and sunlight are fed into microcontroller. Web server running on raspberry pi receives this data and can transit to the mobile phones or any other device, which requests the data. Based on the obtained data, end-user can then control the system remotely. The special feature of the model is that, the user will ensure if his/her need of the plants, herbs are served based on the right need and there is over/under usage of the water. A Web server along with a web page will help in user being notified about the requirements of the water when required.

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Tang, Junci, Tie Li, Junbo Pi i Dai Cui. "Photovoltaic-grid control method based on self-gain system compensation". International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 17 (27.11.2021): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctab090.

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Abstract The presence of decentralized production in modern electrical systems precludes traditional automatic generation control (AGC) strategies. Renewable energy production is highly dependent on the environment; for example, photovoltaic (PV) system, but its power generation is very unstable, which makes power grids containing PV systems face greater challenges. In this paper, we propose a PV-grid control method based on self-gain system compensation to reduce the negative effects of large fluctuations and uncertainties in solar energy production. First, the performance characteristics of solar modules are discussed and a multi-region model with a system with high penetration of solar systems is built. The AGC power is then displayed with different power variations according to different maximum power point tracking methods to analyze the uncertainty and variation of the PV output power and its effects on the AGC. We have also developed and implemented a compensation unit to eliminate the negative effects of PV power on AGC. Finally, the proposed method was demonstrated using the load from the example step as a disturbance variable to obtain a dynamic model of a dual-zone switched grid AGC with two PV systems based on a DMPC-distributed model. As a result of the simulation, the proposed method in this paper can guarantee the excellent properties of the dynamic behavior of the AGC system with large variations and high uncertainty of the PV system, and the validity of the proposed method have also been confirmed.

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Mitra, Sanjib Kumar, Srinivas Bhaskar Karanki, Marcus King, Decai Li, Mark Dooner, Oleh Kiselychnyk i Jihong Wang. "Application of Modern Non-Linear Control Techniques for the Integration of Compressed Air Energy Storage with Medium and Low Voltage Grid". Energies 14, nr 14 (7.07.2021): 4097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144097.

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Compressed air energy storage is a well-used technology for application in high voltage power systems, but researchers are also investing efforts to minimize the cost of this technology in medium and low voltage power systems. Integration of this energy storage requires a robust control of the power electronic converter to control the power injection due to the dynamic behavior of the system. The conventional linear control design requires a thorough knowledge of the system parameters, but the uncertain disturbances caused by the mechanical properties of the energy storage is neglected in the design and the system fails in presence of such instances. In this paper an adaptive control-based boost converter and sliding mode control-based three phase inverter for a grid integrated compressed air energy storage system of up to 1 kW has been presented that can mitigate any uncertain disturbances in the system without prior knowledge of the system parameters. The experimental results along with the simulation results are also presented to validate the efficiency of the system.

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Yuan, Ya Ning, i Ming Meng. "Research on Microgrid System in the DC-Building". Applied Mechanics and Materials 596 (lipiec 2014): 678–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.596.678.

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In order to achieve the objectives of energy-saving and emission reduction for modern buildings and provide high quality power supply, a DC microgrid system of thermoelectric energy comprehensive control is proposed. The system includes two subsystems of electric energy and heat energy system, and realizes electric and heat energy transformation and combination through cogeneration unit and electronic heating device. To achieve efficient use of energy, integrated management strategies is also proposed. Distributed generations are controlled by the maximum power tracking strategy, and the hybrid energy storage system uses droop control strategy to stabilize DC bus voltage. In the connection point between the grid and microgrid, the bidirectional converter uses vector decoupling control strategy with double closed loop for pulse width modulation (PWM) to solve the problem of bidirectional power flow with the grid. The simulation results indicate that the system can provide high quality, energy saving, stable power for the modern building.

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Acosta, Martha N., Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt, Juan Manuel Roldan-Fernandez i Manuel Burgos-Payan. "A Coordinated Control of Offshore Wind Power and BESS to Provide Power System Flexibility". Energies 14, nr 15 (30.07.2021): 4650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154650.

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The massive integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) in modern power systems is imposing several challenges; one of them is the increased need for balancing services. Coping with the high variability of the future generation mix with incredible high shares of VER, the power system requires developing and enabling sources of flexibility. This paper proposes and demonstrates a single layer control system for coordinating the steady-state operation of battery energy storage system (BESS) and wind power plants via multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC). The proposed coordinated controller is a single layer controller on the top of the power converter-based technologies. Specifically, the coordinated controller uses the capabilities of the distributed battery energy storage systems (BESS) to store electricity when a logic function is fulfilled. The proposed approach has been implemented considering a control logic based on the power flow in the DC undersea cables and coordinated to charging distributed-BESS assets. The implemented coordinated controller has been tested using numerical simulations in a modified version of the classical IEEE 14-bus test system, including tree-HVDC converter stations. A 24-h (1-min resolution) quasi-dynamic simulation was used to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed coordinated control. The controller demonstrated the capacity of fulfilling the defined control logic. Finally, the instantaneous flexibility power was calculated, demonstrating the suitability of the proposed coordinated controller to provide flexibility and decreased requirements for balancing power.

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Hong, Yi, Li Changchun, Xu Min, Ge Tong i Ma Yao. "Huaman Reliability Analysis on Ship Power System Control Room Design". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, nr 22 (lipiec 2000): 537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004402210.

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Nowadays, Modern warship has been highly automated and integrated. Therefore, seemingly, the crew need copes with litter tasks than before. In fact, however, the crew's importance and tension have rapidly increased, even a slightest error may result in an accident. Consequently, consideration for human factor analyses should be taken independently in marine engineering. Our study focus is how to evaluate the ship power system control room design in the light of human factor analysis. According to the human factors theory, this article develops a common human reliability evaluation approach which is helpful to the ship general arrangement design for the highest efficiency of the whole ship. A case is also presented in this article, including the model test and HET analysis.

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Shahbaz, Muhammad Hamza, i Arslan Ahmed Amin. "A Review of Classical and Modern Control Techniques Utilized in Modern Microgrids". Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Electrical & Electronic Engineering) 14, nr 4 (17.06.2021): 459–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2352096514666210106093646.

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Because of the consistently expanding demand of energy, the introduction of a decentralized microgrid based on energy resources will soon be the most exciting development in the power system. Microgrids (MGs), which are mainly based on inverters, are becoming more popular as they can handle different forms of renewable energy effectively. However, one of the most challenging areas of research is their control. In the last few years, many control strategies have been developed. In this review, different control methods have been discussed, applicable to the MG system. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of classical and modern control strategies is also considered. This survey guides the new researchers about all available control strategies and room for improvement towards the optimal solution of the MG control techniques. It also identifies several research gaps and future trends therein as well as provides a solution to manage problems in MGs. The strategies are then compared based on their applicability to different control requirements.

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Alam, Md Shafiul, Tanzi Ahmed Chowdhury, Abhishak Dhar, Fahad Saleh Al-Ismail, M. S. H. Choudhury, Md Shafiullah, Md Ismail Hossain, Md Alamgir Hossain, Aasim Ullah i Syed Masiur Rahman. "Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments". Energies 16, nr 2 (10.01.2023): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020812.

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A paradigm shift in power systems is observed due to the massive integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) as distributed generators. Mainly, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind generators are extensively integrated with the modern power system to facilitate green efforts in the electrical energy sector. However, integrating these RESs destabilizes the frequency of the modern power system. Hitherto, the frequency control has not drawn sufficient attention due to the reduced inertia and complex control of power electronic converters associated with renewable energy conversion systems. Thus, this article provides a critical summary on the frequency control of solar PV and wind-integrated systems. The frequency control issues with advanced techniques, including inertia emulation, de-loading, and grid-forming, are summarized. Moreover, several cutting-edge devices in frequency control are outlined. The advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to control the frequency of high-level RESs integrated systems are well documented. The possible improvements of existing approaches are outlined. The key research areas are identified, and future research directions are mentioned so that cutting-edge technologies can be adopted, making the review article unique compared to the existing reviews. The article could be an excellent foundation and guidance for industry personnel, researchers, and academicians.

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Mohammed, Musa, i Abubakar Abdulkarim. "A Deep-Learning Approach to Load Modeling in Modern Power Distribution System". Journal of Applied Materials and Technology 3, nr 2 (14.09.2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jamt.3.2.1-6.

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Modern Power Distribution Networks (MPDNs) are no longer passive because Distributed Generations (DGs) are integrated with them to enhance system reliability and power quality. For this reason, load modeling has to be updated to capture the new dynamics of active DNs. This paper presents a composite load modeling for a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) distribution network using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in the deep learning feed-forward neural network approach. Load modeling is constructing a relationship between input excitation(s) and output response(s); it can be used for simulation studies, stability analysis, and control/protection design. A grid-connected PV distribution network was modeled in Matlab/Simulink and generates data for training and model estimation. The estimated model was tested and validated using a laboratory experimental test bed. Results of the model exhibit a good fitness of 99.8% and 97.2% in active and reactive power models respectively during training. While 97.84% and 94.65% respectively were obtained during testing. The estimation errors were found to be 0.0025 and 0.0049 for active and reactive powers respectively with 0.0473 and 0.0701 corresponding errors in testing.

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