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Al-Sumaiti, Jamal. "The contributions of Islamic law to the Maritime law." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503613.
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Ruohomaki, Olli-Pekka. "Livelihoods and environment in Southern Thai maritime villages." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1997. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28505/.
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This thesis explores the diversification of local livelihood structure and the political economy of resource use in two maritime communities in Krabi, Southern Thailand. The thesis is divided into four parts as follows: Part I (i.e. Chapter 2) examines the political economy of resource use in the Andaman Sea region. The objective of Part I is to place the research sites in a larger political-economic framework and to delineate the main problems that are found in this region. Part II focuses on the research sites. After setting the geographical and historical contexts, the economic organisation of the communities are unravelled in chapter 3. Chapter 4 examines the village household and gender issues with case studies to illustrate the points made. Part III (i.e. Chapter 5) examines at length the sources and patterns of livelihood in the research sites. The various economic activities that villagers engage in are explored in detail and case studies are used to illustrate the arguments made. Part IV consists of chapters 6 and 7. The objective of these two chapters is to reflect on the dilemmas villagers face in confronting change and their responses. Chapter 6 outlines the collective meso-level responses of fishing communities against the conflicts over local resources examined in Part I. In addition, the role of external agencies, namely Thai nongovernmental organisations, in these collective meso-level responses of local fishing communities is considered. Chapter 7 considers the position of contemporary maritime villagers in the modern capitalist world-economy. Chapter 8 concludes the thesis by summarising the main points made and by reflecting on the relationship between livelihoods and the environment in Krabi.
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Fuquen, Gomez Clara. "Logboats of Coquí : an ethnographic approach to maritime material culture." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/370021/.
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This thesis focuses on the traditional logboats of Coquí, an Afro-descendant community in the Pacific coast of Chocó, Colombia. It considers these boats as an entry point into the life of the community and explores the technological and functional aspects of the watercraft, their wider context, and related social practices. Based on a transdisciplinary approach, it draws on an ethnographic methodology to look at the question of whether and how the boats inform on the life of the community, their history, their identity and their maritime concerns. This thesis reflects upon the multiple ways in which people in Coquí relate to their boats and the many levels at which these boats operate. It demonstrates that the watercraft of the community of Coquí is significantly complex and holds a fundamental importance to their existence. The present study addresses the need of a comprehensive in-depth look at traditional boats in which the relationships between people and boats are as relevant as the pure technological and functional interests, dominant in the field of boat studies and maritime archaeology. It shows that ethnography is an effective methodology to unveil the richness of the materiality of social life, and the diversity of human engagements with the world.
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Murphy, Brent M. "Researching the early Holocene of the Maritime Provinces /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36157.pdf.
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Putnam, Marlee Love. "A Jane of all Trades: Janet Taylor's Contributions to Victorian Navigation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91428.
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Janet Taylor made major contributions to Victorian navigational practices. She did so through creating business opportunities for herself as an educator, author, and inventor of nautical instruments.<br>Master of Arts<br>Janet Taylor, a woman who made major contributions to Victorian navigation, is representative of a large historiographical gap in maritime and nautical histories. In these fields historians are typically inclined to look at famous men in navigation: John Hadley, John Campbell, and others who invented nautical instruments such as the octant and sextant. However, we have failed to contextualize the significant women who have innovated maritime practices throughout history. Taylor, for example, adjusted calculations for locating positions at sea according to the realization that the shape of the earth is not spherical, but spheroidal. She conveyed this new mathematical principle to the maritime community of London through the classes she taught at her nautical academies, the dozens of books she would publish, and the navigational tools she invented or innovated. Her multiple careers, and her success in each of them, were varied and far-reaching, making her truly a Jane of all trades. Her success as a woman in a male-dominated field was largely dependent on the industrial spirit of the nation and time in which she lived. As the industrial revolution created a need for advancement in technology and navigation, gender norms and the public/private dichotomy of Victorian England began to blur.
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Mikołajczyk, Łukasz. "Geoarchaeology as an aid to understanding human activity in the changing environment of coastal zones." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=234013.
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This work presents new methodological approaches and perspectives on the relationship between past humans and maritime environments by focusing specifically on the geochemical traces left by the users and inhabitants of coastlines. In order to do so it proposes four novel scientific techniques presented in four case-study papers, together with best practice protocols that archaeologists can use to conduct similar studies on other sites. These methods were designed to allow for convenient data collection, fast sample processing, sound statistical analysis, and meaningful data interpretations; all this in order to better understand past human activity in coastal areas. The thesis addresses various themes related to the character of human activity, its chronology, spatial distribution, zonation, and linkage to the neighboring waterbody. It tackles issues linked with geochemical signal preservation in different post-depositional contexts, and discusses various modes of soil sampling, extraction and elemental analysis (eg. colorimetric method, portable XRF or XRF core scanning), as well as problems related to geo-statistical analysis of complex, spatially distributed, multivariable datasets. In terms of its geographical scope, this thesis explores coastal sites and archaeological features in the North Atlantic region, and it covers vast chronological spectrum from the Stone Age to the Early Modern period. However, the results are considered universally applicable to any type of site and any period. Hopefully, by providing new sources of archaeological evidence, this work will inspire a lively discussion on the global maritime cultural landscape and the best methods for studying it.
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Watts, S. "Contributions to the modelling of the temporal and spatial statistics of radar sea clutter and the establishment of new detection performance limits." Thesis, Open University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328507.
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Stewart, David James. "'Rocks and storms I'll fear no more': Anglo-American maritime memorialization, 1700-1940." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/502.
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Nautical archaeology has made remarkable advances since its inception half a century ago, but one area in need of more attention is the examination of cultural aspects of seafaring. This dissertation advances understanding of eighteenth- through early-twentieth century British and American maritime culture by exploring traditional memorialization practices. Interpretations are based primarily on analysis of 412 maritime memorials recorded during two archaeological surveys in Great Britain and the United States. In addition, primary accounts from the Age of Sail are utilized to place maritime memorialization into its proper cultural and historical context. Research reveals three major themes in Anglo-American maritime memorialization. First, memorials show a striking concern for the dangers and hardships of life at sea. Numerous memorials describe the perils of the natural world and the group values that mariners developed to cope with the ever-present possibility of sudden death. Such values include attention to duty, courage, group loyalty, self-sacrifice, and pride. Second, maritime communities faced the problem of commemorating those who never returned from the sea. Many sailors were lost at sea or died aboard ship or in distant lands. In the vast majority of such cases, the body was never returned home, and many did not receive proper burial. As a result, family members and fellow sailors created memorials to honor the lost and to symbolically lay the deceased to rest. Evidence indicates, however, that such attempts were not entirely satisfactory. Many epitaphs lament the fact that empty graves cannot provide an adequate substitute for missing bodies. Finally, investigation revealed a significant increase in religious sentiment on maritime memorials from the mid-nineteenth century until the end of the Age of Sail. It is suggested that the increase in maritime religious sentiment was linked to nineteenth-century religious reform movements. The prevalence of religious imagery and inscriptions on maritime memorials during this time, however, probably does not indicate that most sailors became religious. Rather, most religious maritime memorials were erected by sailors' families. This suggests that maritime families turned to religion as a source of comfort when faced with the deaths of loved ones at sea.
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Vermonden, Daniel. "Dans le sillage des grands navigateurs austronésiens: anthropologie des activités maritimes des Butonais d'Indonésie." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210487.
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Dans cette thèse, je propose à la fois un examen minutieux des activités maritimes butonaises et un dialogue entre ce cas ethnographique et son contexte austronésien. Pour cela, je mobilise notamment l'approche phénoménologique (et principalement les travaux de Merleau-Ponty sur la perception) ainsi que l'approche historico-culturelle de la cognition développée par Vygotsky. Outre les données ethnographiques inédites concernant le monde butonais (zone linguistique cia-cia), l'analyse développée ici conduit à plusieurs contributions importantes concernant la reconstruction du monde austronésien, le débat universalisme-relativisme dans le cadre de l'anthropologie cognitive ainsi que l'usage de la méthode ethnographique - en mettant l'accent sur la transformation de l'ethnographe au cours du terrain comme objet de connaissance. /<p>This thesis proposes a detailed analysis of Butonese maritime activities as well as a dialogue between this ethnographic case study and its Austronesian context. The analysis relies in particular on Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological analysis of perception and on Vygotsky's historico-cultural conception of cognition. Besides presenting a wealth of new data about the Butonese world (and more specifically the cia-cia linguistic area), the analysis developed here leads to major contributions about the reconstruction of the Austronesian world, the universalism-relativism debate within cognitive anthropology and the use of ethnographic methodology - emphasizing on the ethnographer's own transformation.<p><p><p><br>Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Dempsey, Paula Jane. "Genetic and environmental contributions to morphological variation in the human permanent dentition : a study of Australian twins." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phd389.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 348-366. Elucidates the nature and extent of genetic and environmental contributions to variation in permanent tooth crown size. Sibling correlations are compared to find evidence of sex-linked genes contributing to crown size. This hypothesis was tested by comparing mean tooth size in female-male opposite-sex twins with same-sex twins, and singletons.
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Chionne, David. "Contributions géographiques à la définition d'une culture du risque en milieu littoral : le cas des résidents de l'Île d'Oléron (Charente-Maritime, France)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H007/document.
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Le point de départ de cette thèse a été l'expression de «culture du risque» telle qu'elle a été employée par l'État suite aux événements liés à la tempête Xynthia en 2010. À travers celle-ci, ce dernier rend compte d'un manque de connaissances et de comportements inadaptés, caractérisant les populations vis-à-vis des aléas côtiers. Parallèlement, il affiche sa volonté de favoriser leur sensibilisation vis-à-vis de ces problématiques. Cependant, nous avons constaté qu'un dispositif législatif de communication et de sensibilisation existe depuis les années 1980, mais que son bilan paraît toujours mitigé. De plus, deux visions principales paraissent s'affronter : d'un côté, l'État qui cherche à limiter l'implantation des enjeux dans des zones dites « à risque », de l'autre les populations locales qui demandent à protéger leurs enjeux. Ainsi, la confrontation aux mêmes aléas ne donne pas lieu à des interprétations identiques : différentes cultures du risque existent. Afin de comprendre ces différences, nous tenterons de démontrer l'hypothèse stipulant que les différents discours observés auprès des individus en matière de risques côtiers sont déterminés par leurs rapports au milieu. Il sera donc question de caractériser ces rapports et d'illustrer en quoi ceux-ci sont susceptibles d'affecter leurs discours et leurs comportements à propos des aléas côtiers. Parallèlement, nous tenterons de définir les composantes d'une culture du risque et d'en évaluer le niveau auprès des résidents oléronais. Pour cela, nous nous appuierons sur l'analyse statistique de résultats issus d'une enquête par questionnaire, mais aussi sur l'analyse de cartes mentales<br>The starting point of this thesis was the expression "risk culture" as used by the French government following the events related to the storm Xynthia in 2010. Through this, it reports a lack of knowledge and inappropriate behaviours among the populations when faced with coastal hazards. At the same time, it demonstrates its desire to raise public awareness of these issues. However, we have noted that a legislative communication and awareness-raising framework has been in place since the 1980s, but its results are still limited. In addition, two main visions seem to be confronting each other: on the one hand, the State, which seeks to limit the establishment of stakes in so-called "at-risk" areas, and on the other hand, the local inhabitants, who as to protect their stakes. Thus, confronting the same hazards does not lead to identical interpretations: different cultures of risk exist. In order to understand these differences, we will attempt to demonstrate the hypothesis that the different discourses observed among populations regarding coastal risks are determined by their relationship to the environment. The aim is to characterise these relationships and illustrate how they are likely to affect their discourses and behaviours about coastal hazards. At the same time, we will attempt to define the components of a risk culture and assess its level among Oleronian residents. To do this, we will rely on the statistical analysis of results from a questionnaire survey, but also on mental maps
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Hoang, Linh N. "The nature and grace controversy at the mid-century the contributions of Henri de Lubac and Karl Rahner /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Schwarz, George Robert. "The history and development of caravels." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2647.
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Michel, Justin. "Contributions à l'étude des cavités nasosinusiennes de l'adulte par la morphométrie géométrique et la simulation numérique des écoulements." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5077/document.
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Objectif - Réaliser une étude en morphométrie géométrique pour définir la variabilité des sinus frontaux et maxillaires au sein d’une population adulte et pour l’établissement du profil biologique des individus à partir de la géométrie des sinus frontaux et maxillaires.- Valider un modèle de simulation numérique des écoulements pour l’étude de la ventilation nasosinusienne chez l’adulte et observer l’influence de la conformation sinusienne sur la ventilation nasosinusienne.Nous avons défini 20 landmarks fiables et reproductibles pour les sinus frontaux et maxillaires. Nous avons décrit la variabilité des sinus frontaux et maxillaires au sein d’un échantillon de population adulte. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence l’existence d’allométries pour les sinus frontaux et maxillaires mais aussi l’existence d’un dimorphisme sexuel pour la conformation des sinus maxillairesNous proposons un modèle fiable de simulation numérique des écoulements à partir d’examen tomodensitométriques. Sur la base de ce modèle, nous n’avons pas mis en évidence d’influence de la conformation sinusienne sur la ventilation nasale et le conditionnement thermique de l’air inspiré et expiré<br>Objectives - to conduct a morphometric geometric study in order to define the variability of the frontal and maxillary sinuses in an adult population and to determinate the sex of individuals - to validate a Computational fluid dynamic model of the nasal airflow and to describe the influence of the sinus conformation on the nasal airflow.We defined twenty reliable and reproducible landmarks for frontal and maxillary sinuses. We described the variability of the frontal and maxillary sinuses in an adult population sample. Finally, we highlighted the existence of allometries for frontal and maxillary sinuses but also the existence of a sexual dimorphism in the conformation of the maxillary sinusesComputational fluid dynamics:We offer a reliable model for numerical simulation of flows from CT examination. Based on this model, we have not shown any influence of the conformation on the nasal sinus ventilation and thermal conditioning of the inhaled and exhaled air. We showed no ventilation in the sinuses in the nasal respiratory cycle. Future studies will endeavor to define a humidity conditioning air model and a simulation model of production of NO and gas exchange between sinuses and nasal cavities
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Ferdinando, Peter J. "Atlantic Ais in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: Maritime Adaptation, Indigenous Wrecking, and Buccaneer Raids on Florida’s Central East Coast." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1791.
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The Ais were a Native American group who lived along the Atlantic shoreline of Florida south of Cape Canaveral. This coastal population’s position adjacent to a major shipping route afforded them numerous encounters with the Atlantic world that linked Europe, Africa, the Caribbean, and the Americas. Through their exploitation of the goods and peoples from the European shipwrecks thrown ashore, coupled with their careful manipulation of other Atlantic contacts, the Ais polity established an influential domain in central east Florida during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
The pre-contact peoples of Florida’s east coast, including the ancestors of the Ais, practiced a maritime adaptation concentrated on the exploitation of their bountiful riverine, estuarine, and marine environments. The Ais then modified their maritime skills to cope with the opportunities and challenges that accompanied European contact. Using their existing aquatic abilities, they ably salvaged goods and castaways from the Spanish, French, English, and Dutch vessels dashed on the rocks and reefs of Florida’s coast. The Ais’ strategic redistribution of these materials and peoples to other Florida Native Americans, the Spaniards of St. Augustine, and other passing Europeans gained them greater influence. This process, which I call indigenous wrecking, enabled the Ais to expand their domain on the peninsula.
Coastal Florida Native Americans’ maritime abilities also attracted the attention of Europeans. In the late seventeenth century, English buccaneers and salvagers raided Florida’s east coast to capture indigenous divers, whom they sent to work the wreck of a sunken Spanish treasure ship located in the Bahamas. The English subsequently sold the surviving Native American captives to other Caribbean slave markets.
Despite population losses to such raids, the Ais and other peoples of the east coast thrived on Atlantic exchange and used their existing maritime adaptation to resist colonial intrusions until the start of the eighteenth century. This dissertation thus offers a narrative about Native Americans and the Atlantic that is unlike most Southeastern Indian stories. The Ais used their maritime adaptation and the process of indigenous wrecking to engage and exploit the arriving Atlantic world. In the contact era, the Ais truly became Atlantic Ais.
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Karjalainen, Mira. "In the shadow of freedom : life on board the oil tanker /." Helsinki : Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters, 2007. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0716/2007438365.html.
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梁媛媛. "卡爾・巴特神學人學的本體論意義 : 在耶穌基督裡的整體性和具體性 = Ontological meaning of Karl Barth's theological anthropology : wholeness and concreteness in Jesus Christ". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1049.
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Schmitt, Pierre. "Signes d'ouverture : contributions à une anthropologie des pratiques artistiques en langue des signes." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0166.
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Ces contributions à une anthropologie des pratiques artistiques en langue des signes s'articulent autour d'une réflexion associant processus de création, œuvres et publics. L'étude des mises en scènes de la langue des signes, au théâtre, au cinéma, à la télévision, ou en ligne, nécessite la construction d'un modèle sémiotique qui ne sépare pas les locuteurs et les langues en amont de l'analyse. Je fournis ainsi un certain nombre de repères concernant les études linguistiques sur les langues des signes et les "gesture studies" afin d'éclairer les renouvellements épistémologiques et méthodologiques dans l'étude de communication humaine. De la langue à la culture, je reviens également sur l'étude des sourds comme groupe culturel et linguistique par les "Deaf studies" dans la mesure où si de nombreux travaux qui en relèvent sont connus en France, rares sont les publications qui interrogent ce champ en tant que tel. L'exposé de leurs relations avec les "disability studies" et de certains positionnements vis-à-vis de la catégorie du « handicap » constituent une autre contribution nécessaire afin de mieux comprendre les cadres contemporains au sein desquels les pratiques artistiques en langue des signes se développent et se diffusent. Les textes théoriques contribuant à une institutionnalisation des pratiques artistiques en langue des signes sont aussi très rares. C'est pourquoi je me suis livré à l'exégèse des « nouvelles directions et définitions » proposées par Dorothy Miles et Louie Fant en 1976, dans le contexte américain de professionnalisation du « théâtre sourd » au sein du National Theatre of the Deaf. Je présente ensuite ce dernier et l'évolution de ses créations afin de rendre compte de son influence sur les débuts de l'International Visual Theatre en France. Et si c'est par le théâtre que les pratiques artistiques en langue des signes ont été professionnalisées et sont entrées dans l'espace public, la popularité actuelle du « chansigne » m'a conduit à m'interroger sur l'identité de ses praticien-ne-s et la diversité de ses formes. L'étude des créations audiovisuelles qui y sont liées offrait une étude de cas pour appliquer une analyse multimodale tenant compte des langues mises en scène, de l'identité et des compétences des artistes, des intentions artistiques et des publics visés. Enfin, au sein d'un monde de l'art signant, l'étude de festivals comme contexte de réception m'a permis de documenter la manière dont l'évolution des inter-actions entre sourds et entendants par le partage de la langue des signes contribuent à l'émergence d'une « communauté signante »<br>These contributions to an anthropology of artistic practices in sign language associate thoughts on creative processes, works of art and audiences. Studying sign language "mises en scènes", in theater, in movies, on television, or online, requires a semiotic model that does not separate speakers and languages before undertaking analysis. I thus provide some insight on gesture studies and linguistic studies on signs in order to shed light on current epistemological and methodological issues in the study of human communication. From language to culture, I will also address the description of deaf people as a cultural and linguistic group by Deaf studies. Deaf studies are known in France but French works interrogating their very existence as a field are rare. Presenting the relationship between Deaf studies and disability studies will be another necessary step toward understanding the contemporary frameworks within which artistic practices in sign language are developing and spreading. Theoretical texts contributing to the institutionalization of artistic practices in sign language are also rare. This is why I dedicated myself to a thorough investigation of the "new directions and definitions" suggested by Dorothy Miles and Louie Fant in 1976, in the context of professionalization of "deaf theater" within the National Theater of the Deaf. I then present the NTD and the evolution of its creations to highlight its influence on the beginnings of the International Visual Theater in France.While artistic practices in sign language have been professionalized and entered public space through theatre, current popularity of "singing in sign language" has led me to question its practitioners' identities and the diversity of its forms. The study of sign language music videos has offered a case study to apply a multimodal analysis, taking into account staged languages, artists' identities and skills, artistic intentions and targeted audiences. Finally, within a signing art world, the study of festivals as reception context allowed me to document how evolutions of deaf/hearing interactions through the sharing of sign language contribute to the emergence of a "signing community"
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Roche, Cloé. "Étude des concentrations et de la composition des PM₁₀ sur le littoral du Nord de la France : Evaluation des contributions maritimes de l'espace Manche-Mer du Nord." Thesis, Littoral, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DUNK0514/document.
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La région Nord-Pas-de-Calais figure parmi les régions françaises les plus concernées par les dépassements de valeurs limites journalières de concentrations de PM₁₀ (50 µg m-³). Sur le littoral, le niveau de fond atmosphérique particulaire demeure parfois élevé, bien que relativement éloigné des sources principales de particules que sont le trafic routier et l'industrie. Alors que de nombreuses études ont été réalisées sur les émissions en milieu industrialo-portuaire, il ressort un manque de connaissances concernant l'impact des émissions issues du secteur maritime, qu'il s'agisse d'apports naturels (sels marins) ou anthropiques (trafic maritime). Dans ce travail, deux campagnes de mesures ont été menées : en 2013 au Cap Gris-Nez et au premier trimestre 2014, simultanément au Cap Gris-Nez et dans le port de Calais. La concentration en PM₁₀ a été suivie et la composition chimique (métaux, ions hydrosolubles, EC, OC, traceurs organiques) en a été déterminée. Sur le site du Cap Gris-Nez en 2013, l'évolution des niveaux de PM₁₀ est similaire à celle observée en région, reflétant la fluctuation du fond atmosphérique. Les espèces majoritairement sont NO₃-, OC, SO₄²-, CI-, Na⁺ et NH₄⁺ et représentent 69% de la masse de PM₁₀. La proportion de ces espèces varie selon la saison et les conditions météorologiques (température, vitesse et direction du vent). Les situations de fortes teneurs de PM₁₀ sont caractérisées par une plus grande proportion de nitrate d'ammonium. Les données recueillies sur le site de Calais ont permis de montrer que les émissions du trafic maritime ont pour effet d'augmenter le nombre de particules ultrafines dans l'atmosphère. Sous cette influence, les concentrations en NOx et SO₂ apparaissent plus élevées, ainsi que celles des espèces V, Ni et Co qui peuvent être proposées comme traceurs du trafic maritime. L'utilisation de la factorisation matricielle nous a permis d'identifier 10 sources de particules et d'en estimer les contributions. Ainsi, en moyenne en 2013 au Cap Gris-Nez, 41% des PM₁₀ sont issus des aérosols inorganiques secondaires, 37% des sels marins et 10% de la combustion de biomasse. Pour cette dernière, la contribution peut atteindre 17% en hiver. Enfin, le trafic maritime (5%) contribue davantage à la concentration de PM₁₀ que le trafic routier (2%)<br>The Nord-Pas-de-Calais region is one of the most concerned areas in France by exceedance of the PM₁₀ mean daily limit value (50 µg m-³). The particulate atmospheric background level can also be high on the coastal zone, despite the absence of any urban and industrial sources at its vicinity. Numerous studies have been performed regarding those sources, but there is still a lack of knowledge about the impact of emissions resulting from the marine compartment, including natural emissions (sea salts) and anthropogenic emissions (maritime traffic). Two measurement campaigns have been achieved, in 2013 at Cape Gris-Nez and in the first trimester 2014, simultaneously at Cape Gris-Nez and in the harbour of Calais. Concentrations of PM₁₀ were recorded and chemical composition was determined (metals, water soluble ions, Ec, OC, organic tracers). In 2013, the evolutions of PM₁₀ levels at Cape Gris-Nez and in the region similar, reflecting the atmospheric background fluctuation. NO₃-, OC, SO₄²-, CI-, Na⁺ and NH₄⁺ were found as the major species and correspond to 69% of PM₁₀ mass. The proportion of these species evolves depending on the season and the meteorological conditions (temperature, wind speed and direction). High PM₁₀ concentration situations are characterized by high proportion of ammonium nitrate. Data collected in Calais show that maritime traffic emissions increase the number of ultrafine particles in the atmosphere. Under this influence, NOx and SO₂ concentrations are higher, as those of V, Ni and Co, species that could be used as maritime traffic tracers. 10 sources were identified and apportioned by matrix factorization. In average, in 2013 at Cape Gris-Nez, 41% of PM₁₀ come from secondary inorganic aerosols, 37% from sea salts and 10% from biomass combustion. This last contribution can reach 17% in winter. Maritime traffic represents a higher contribution to PM₁₀ than road traffic, 5% against 2%
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Blair, Paul S. "Figura rerum : 'the pattern of the glory' : the theological contributions of Charles Williams." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6364.
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This thesis seeks to show that Charles Williams makes a significant contribution to theology, and it demonstrates the nature of that contribution. A pattern of theological themes centering on the Incarnation, emphasizing the humanity of Christ, is repeated throughout his works. For Williams, human beings are images of the coinherent Godhead. His theological anthropology further develops through his understanding of imaging, as shown for instance in the Incarnation, and in Dante's characterization of Beatrice as a God bearer. His view of images is built from Coleridge's understanding of the nature of a symbol. This picture of imaging is widely applied, first and foremost to relationships of love, seen as potential incarnate images of grace. Williams seeks to extend his picture to all relationships and, further, to whatever man must do to go beyond himself to an encounter with God. He believes that man is responsible for his brother, in practice by bearing his brother's burdens, with substitutionary acts of vicarious love. A further part of his thinking then views people as living in coinherent relationships, and the universe as a web of coinherent relations. He draws his examples of natural coinherent relations from the world of commerce with its exchange and substitution of labors and from the child living within its mother, and builds a picture of what he calls the City, a broader coinherent society. Coinherence begins and flows from the Trinity and the Incarnation and then is found in relationships between God and man: in the Church, in the future City of God, and in all Creation. The Fall brings about the breakdown of the coinherence of God and man and man and man, and that breakdown is a central characteristic of sin. Williams believes that a regenerated coinherence in Christ brings about a renewal of mankind.
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Jubelin, Alexandre. ""Par le fer et par le feu". Pratiques de l'abordage et du combat rapproché dans l'Atlantique du début de l'époque moderne (début du XVIe siècle - 1653)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL053.
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Cette thèse étudie les logiques et les moyens du combat en mer dans l’Atlantique du début de l’époque moderne. Les XVIe et XVIIe siècles voient la diffusion puis le perfectionnement de l’artillerie embarquée sur les navires des grandes puissances atlantiques (France, Angleterre, Espagne, Portugal, Provinces-Unies), ce qui provoque de larges recompositions dans les pratiques de la guerre sur mer. Le combat naval passe ainsi d’un corps-à-corps nécessaire, en l’absence d’armes à distance efficaces, à un éventail d’options et d’hybridations entre des tactiques anciennes comme l’abordage et l’usage de l’artillerie, jusqu’à l’apparition d’un nouveau paradigme hégémonique du combat en mer avec la ligne de bataille au milieu du XVIIe siècle. Si cette évolution a été évoquée dans le cadre général du débat sur la « Révolution militaire », le combat en mer a jusqu’à présent été relativement ignoré au profit d’analyses sur le temps très long, sans détailler les ambiguïtés et les subtilités de cette période de transition — ce que cette thèse se propose de faire. Ce travail applique en outre au combat en mer le renouvellement méthodologique à l’œuvre depuis quarante ans dans l’histoire de la guerre : au lieu de se concentrer sur des questions générales de tactiques et de formations, ou de tenter de distribuer l’éloge ou le blâme sur des figures d’amiraux célèbres, il s’agit au contraire de se rapprocher le plus possible du combattant. En particulier, cette thèse se penche sur l’expérience individuelle du combat, les logiques et les gestes qui permettent la survie sur le champ de bataille, et l’horizon sensoriel qui enveloppe les acteurs de la guerre sur mer<br>This dissertation studies the tools and the logics of naval warfare in the Early Modern Atlantic. The wide spreading and improvement of shipboard artillery in the 16th and 17th centuries, applied to the main Atlantic countries (France, England, Spain, Portugal, Dutch Republic) trigger deep transformations in Atlantic naval warfare. The main paradigm of battle thereby evolves from traditional tactics such as boarding and hand-to-hand fighting, towards a widespread use of artillery, until a new paradigm emerges in the mid-17th century in the shape of the line of battle. This general evolution has been tackled most notably within the “Military Revolution” debate, but naval warfare has been a side subject in those discussions and was for the most part included in very wide-ranging analysis. Those don’t really do justice do the uncertainties and the subtleties of this transition period, as this dissertation intends to do. Furthermore, this work applies to naval battle the evolutions in the history of warfare in the last 40 years by focusing less on tactics and formations, on blaming or lauding great admirals of the past, and more on the individual experience of fighting. In particular, this dissertation focuses on men within the battle, the logics and the gestures that allow for survival, and the sensory environment surrounding the protagonists of naval combat
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Jubelin, Alexandre. ""Par le fer et par le feu". Pratiques de l'abordage et du combat rapproché dans l'Atlantique du début de l'époque moderne (début du XVIe siècle - 1653)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL053.
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Cette thèse étudie les logiques et les moyens du combat en mer dans l’Atlantique du début de l’époque moderne. Les XVIe et XVIIe siècles voient la diffusion puis le perfectionnement de l’artillerie embarquée sur les navires des grandes puissances atlantiques (France, Angleterre, Espagne, Portugal, Provinces-Unies), ce qui provoque de larges recompositions dans les pratiques de la guerre sur mer. Le combat naval passe ainsi d’un corps-à-corps nécessaire, en l’absence d’armes à distance efficaces, à un éventail d’options et d’hybridations entre des tactiques anciennes comme l’abordage et l’usage de l’artillerie, jusqu’à l’apparition d’un nouveau paradigme hégémonique du combat en mer avec la ligne de bataille au milieu du XVIIe siècle. Si cette évolution a été évoquée dans le cadre général du débat sur la « Révolution militaire », le combat en mer a jusqu’à présent été relativement ignoré au profit d’analyses sur le temps très long, sans détailler les ambiguïtés et les subtilités de cette période de transition — ce que cette thèse se propose de faire. Ce travail applique en outre au combat en mer le renouvellement méthodologique à l’œuvre depuis quarante ans dans l’histoire de la guerre : au lieu de se concentrer sur des questions générales de tactiques et de formations, ou de tenter de distribuer l’éloge ou le blâme sur des figures d’amiraux célèbres, il s’agit au contraire de se rapprocher le plus possible du combattant. En particulier, cette thèse se penche sur l’expérience individuelle du combat, les logiques et les gestes qui permettent la survie sur le champ de bataille, et l’horizon sensoriel qui enveloppe les acteurs de la guerre sur mer<br>This dissertation studies the tools and the logics of naval warfare in the Early Modern Atlantic. The wide spreading and improvement of shipboard artillery in the 16th and 17th centuries, applied to the main Atlantic countries (France, England, Spain, Portugal, Dutch Republic) trigger deep transformations in Atlantic naval warfare. The main paradigm of battle thereby evolves from traditional tactics such as boarding and hand-to-hand fighting, towards a widespread use of artillery, until a new paradigm emerges in the mid-17th century in the shape of the line of battle. This general evolution has been tackled most notably within the “Military Revolution” debate, but naval warfare has been a side subject in those discussions and was for the most part included in very wide-ranging analysis. Those don’t really do justice do the uncertainties and the subtleties of this transition period, as this dissertation intends to do. Furthermore, this work applies to naval battle the evolutions in the history of warfare in the last 40 years by focusing less on tactics and formations, on blaming or lauding great admirals of the past, and more on the individual experience of fighting. In particular, this dissertation focuses on men within the battle, the logics and the gestures that allow for survival, and the sensory environment surrounding the protagonists of naval combat
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Pijoan, Vives Montserrat. "Sailing Through Life. Experiencing Difference Within Mutuality on Tall Ships." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670734.
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This study sets out to understand the experiences of young people as they
undergo Sail Training aboard tall ships (i.e., traditional rigged sailing ships propelled exclusively by wind). It goes beyond current literature on the educational value of Sail Training by focusing on how youngsters actually experience sailing as a way of life. Many young people sense a tension between what they are expected to do, for themselves or their families, and what it feels like to live with everyday decisions. To find harmony in one’s path of life, just like in sailing a ship, one must deal with these contrary forces. On board a tall ship, a manifold of lines is continually generating harmony by way of the tension imparted from the ropes to the sails, from the sails to the whole boat, and from any part of the boat to its crew members. Dwelling on board arises from within this tug of contrary forces. It is a creative dwelling since movement is a constant to which every element in the oceanic medium adjusts itself.
In the introduction, I establish the theoretical basis of the study in the maritime environment, in which sailing was practised long before the science of the West attempted to put the ocean under control as it had already done with the territorialisation of the land. To follow the history of the maritime environment and its inhabitants reveals a complex set of skills not only for building the boat as a craft, but also for staying afloat once at sea. Sailing on tall ships offers opportunities to become involved in this process in which, as in every society in past times, experts instruct novices in the course of working together.
In the first chapter, tall ships are presented as large sailing vessels that, like earlier craft, need permanent maintenance to remain seaworthy. To keep them so, some friendship races and regattas are organised by Sail Training International, with host ports using the fleet to hold heritage events. These events help to raise the funds to enable young people to participate. Chapter two describes how youngsters without previous experience of sailing, and amateurs including myself, enter this environment
as crew members. In the process of becoming familiar with this environment, they get their sea legs. Chapter three shows how the craft, as a shelter affording movement and perception, is both a home in which to stay afloat on the waves and a calming of the wind that, thanks to the sails, provides the required energy to glide the hull over the water. Chapter four describes the organisation on board, with its system of watches or work shifts. This seems simpler than life on land because one does not have to worry about anything other than the established routine. However, since one follows the same daily routines, an awareness of environmental changes emerges with the perception of non-human phenomena like wind, dolphins, waves, clouds and so on.
Crew members become sensitised to the ocean environment, to the others and to themselves when responsibilities on board are shared day and night. Attention at sea is existential, it is a matter of life and death, whereas on land it remains contingent on particular interests. At sea, the watch system leads to the development of a meshwork of relationships, described here as a taskship, a creative and trustworthy bonding which lasts for the duration of the voyage. The mutuality on board, discussed in chapter five, allows crew members to develop a sense of who they are while in the company of others. Thus the taskship is constitutive of dwelling on board. Optimal sailing is evidence of the quality of the relationships on board and vice versa, the quality of the relationships on board is shown through the best set of sails to get underway. Finally, in chapter six, it is shown that the wisdom and skills obtained in this ocean-sky world make the difference between an experience that is intentionally transformative for the young person undergoing it and a sailing experience that opens up to an understanding of life.<br>Aquesta tesi pretén entendre les formes d'habitar el mar a partir de les experiències de navegació d'altura en grans velers. A partir d’un extens treball de camp a bord de grans velers, s’hi detalla les particularitats d’aquest l'entorn, que són de flexibilitat, equitat i intimitat; com es gestiona l'organització social a bord en grups de guàrdies, a la vegada que a partir de les habilitats marineres, es construeix el vaixell com un lloc per viure i en permanent construcció. Aquest lloc habitat, es construeix com un refugi (‘shelter’) que al mar ofereix les condicions necessàries per sobreviure. El fet que ofereixi la protecció necessària sense ser una construcció físicament sòlida per a habitar el mar, fa que el mar es percebi de forma diferent a com percebem l’habitar la terra ferma. Al mar, una nova manera de percebre ‘hàptica’, requereix l'adaptació contínua dels membres de la tripulació al moviment i ritmes del mar. Gestionar aquest equilibri comporta uns tres dies de malestar i vòmits, i es diu que quan un ja té ‘cames de mar’, ja no es mareja més.
Un cop obtingudes les cames de mar, el vaixell, viscut com una extensió del propi cos, ofereix a tots els participants sense previ coneixement d'aquest entorn, la possibilitat de conèixer i desenvolupar les habilitats marineres necessàries per a la navegació. A través d’aquestes habilitats s'estableix una relació amb els materials i les formes que es van conformant en l’embarcació (anomenat ‘taskship’ o línies de treball a bord), totes elles fruit de la participació i resposta de cadascun dels components humans i no humans d'aquest entorn. Per tant, la relació que s'estableix amb l'entorn
és d'aprenentatge a través de processos concentració (i no pas de cognició) sobre
l'experiència viscuda.
A bord, el compromís moral preval al compromís per obligació, ja que, de no ser així, difícilment es podria forçar la participació de tots els tripulants en la construcció contínua del propi vaixell. Aquest compromís moral facilita l'equitat, amb la qual cada
membre resulta rellevant en aquest entorn hostil, on d'un moment a l'altre tot pot canviar, i on el treball continu així ho exigeix. Una bona navegació reflecteix la qualitat de relacions a bord i de correspondències amb l'entorn, amb el vaixell i entre els participants. Finalment, aquest anàlisi reflecteix el concepte de lloc com un lloc amb profund moviment de relacions, més que un espai físicament localitzat. Aquest lloc és compartit i viscut amb gran atenció, i per aquest motiu roman en la memòria de tots els participants com un saber adaptar-se a allò que ha d’esdevenir, tot esperant sempre que es donin les millors correspondències per l’òptima qualitat de les relacions i de la navegació. És a dir, a través del flux en la navegació tradicional i la seva xarxa de correspondències, els participants en aquestes experiències entendran la vida principalment com un conjunt de relacions en moviment.
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Vianello, Rita. "Le savoir des mytiliculteurs de la lagune de Venise et du littoral breton : étude d'anthropologie comparative." Thesis, Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0025/document.
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D’un point de vue géographique, la lagune de Venise n’a que peu en commun avec les baies principales de la Bretagne septentrionale, si ce n’est son ouverture sur la mer. Les deux réalités étudiées ont pourtant en commun leur soumission à l’action des marées qui a poussé les populations littorales à développer des savoirs et des techniques de pêche traditionnelles d’une très grande richesse et qu’ils ont su faire évoluer au cours du temps pour mieux les adapter aux caractéristiques du milieu.Les différentes formes de récolte et de pêche, l’élevage des moules en particulier, ont entraîné une domestication et une anthropisation de ces zones. En Bretagne, tout comme à Venise, la valorisation de la moule en tant que ressource alimentaire et économique est assez tardive.Que ce soit dans les sources bibliographiques ou durant l’enquête réalisée sur le terrain, notre recherche nous a permis de repérer des allusions fréquentes à la toxicité présumée de ce mollusque, à Venise appelé « peòcio » c’est-à-dire « pou » et considéré non comestible. Quels mécanismes ont métamorphosé la moule en un aliment aujourd’hui apprécié et recherché ? Et comment des zones, autrefois très pauvres se sont transformées, en des lieux renommés pour la production de moules ? C’est pour répondre à ces questions que nous avons entrepris la reconstruction de l’histoire de la mytiliculture<br>From a geographic perspective, the Venice Lagoon has almost nothing in common with the main northern bays of “Bretagne”; simply, both open on the sea. Therefore, the two studied realities have to share their submission to the action of tides that have pushed the coastal communities to develop fishing knowledge and techniques. They were able to evolve over time to better suit the characteristics of the environment. The different forms of harvesting and fishing, mussel farming in particular, led to domestication and human impacts in these areas. In “Bretagne”, as in Venice, is rather late the development of mussels as food and as economic resource.Whether in the literature sources or during the survey in the field, our research has led us to identify frequent allusions to the alleged toxicity of this mollusk in Venice called “peòcio” that mean “cootie” and considered inedible. What mechanisms have metamorphosed mussels into a regarded and sought food today? And how formerly very poor areas are transformed into places renowned for the production of mussels? It is to answer these questions that we undertook the reconstruction of the history of the mussel<br>Da un punto di vista geografico la laguna di Venezia ha poco in comune con la Bretagna settentrionale se non il suo sbocco sul mare. Di conseguenza le due realtà condividono la dipendenza dall’azione delle maree, le quali hanno spinto le popolazioni litoranee a sviluppare dei saperi e delle particolari tecniche di pesca adattate alle caratteristiche dell’ambiente.Nel corso della nostra ricerca abbiamo incontrato delle frequenti allusioni alla presunta tossicità del mitilo, a Venezia chiamato “peòcio”, cioè pidocchio. Infatti a Venezia, come in Bretagna, la valorizzazione dei mitili quale risorsa alimentare ed economica è un fenomeno tardivo. Quali meccanismi hanno trasformato i mitili in un alimento che è oggi apprezzato e ricercato? E in che modo delle zone un tempo molto povere si sono trasformate in località rinomate per la produzione di questi molluschi? Per rispondere a queste domande abbiamo ricostruito la storia della mitilicoltura
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Horrell, Christopher Earl Parkinson William A. "Plying the waters of time maritime archaeology and history on the Florida Gulf Coast /." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03252005-125704.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005.<br>Advisor: Dr. William A. Parkinson, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 10, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains xxii, 302 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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D'Arcy, Paul. "The people of the sea : the maritime dimension of Pacific Island history." Phd thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148151.
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Miller, Grace M. "America, Hawaiʻi and the sea : the impact of America on the Hawaiian maritime mode of production 1778-1850". Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/9285.
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Noonsuk, Wannasarn. "The significance of peninsular Siam in the Southeast Asian maritime world." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/12066.
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Marta, Rui Filipe Libânio Osório. "Strategies for the identification of the missing: a review of the contributions of forensic anthropology and forensic dentistry." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/138340.
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Amorim, Vanessa Iglésias Calado Carvalhal. "Marés de incerteza etnografia: do presente liminar na comunidade piscatória de Setúbal." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/10402.
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Partindo da máxima defendida por McGoodwin de que pesca é um “fenómeno humano”, este trabalho analisa a forma como o presente da pesca é vivido e percecionado pelos seus atores. A atividade piscatória em Portugal tem atravessado um processo de transformação, principalmente após a entrada na União Europeia, que tem sido impulsionado por mudanças legislativas, socioinstitucionais e administrativas e, concomitantemente, no decorrer desse processo o setor entrou em declínio. Através de uma etnografia da comunidade piscatória setubalense a dissertação irá trilhar o caminho para a compreensão das perceções sobre o estado atual da atividade piscatória na cidade de Setúbal – local em que histórica, económica e socialmente a pesca e atividades adjacentes foram se constituindo como pilares chave no seu desenvolvimento – e das práticas quotidianas que decorrem dessas perceções. A aleatoriedade e a incerteza marcam o compasso dos quotidianos piscatórios. Mas também o sistema económico-financeiro é caracterizado pela sua liquidez e instabilidade. Por isso, há uma linha que traça a ponte entre a incerteza permanente associada às pescas e a fluidez do sistema económico mundial, é sobre essa ponte que pretendo refletir. Pretendo dar voz aos pescadores mas enquadrando essas vozes num conjunto complexo de relações que resultam da interação humano/ambiente, do global/local. Pensar a pesca como um fenómeno que vai além da economia e que não se separa de processos de identidade, marginalização e estigma, aos quais as comunidades se habituaram, mas que parecem agudizados no mundo capitalista e num quadro de inserção do país num projeto europeu.<br>Starting from the idea that fisheries are a human phenomenon, as McGoodwin points, this paper analyses how the today’s fishing is lived and perceived by its actors. The fishing industry in Portugal has undergone in recent decades a process of transformation, especially after the country joined European Union, that has been driven by legislative, socio-institutional and administrative changes and, concomitantly, in the course of this process the sector has undergone some socio-economic difficulties. Through an ethnography of Setubal fishing community the dissertation will pave the way for understanding the perceptions of the current state of the fishing activity in Setúbal and understanding the daily practices that comes up from these perceptions. The chance and uncertainty mark the everyday life. But also the economic and financial system is characterized by its fluidity and instability. Therefore, there is a line that traces the link between the ongoing uncertainty about fisheries and the fluidity of the global economic system and is on that link I want to reflect. I want to give voice to the fishermen but framing these voices/ discourses in a complex set of relationships that result from several interactions: human/environment, global/local. Think about fishing as a phenomenon that goes beyond the economy and that does not separate identity processes, marginalization and stigma to which communities have come but that seem to worsen dramatically in the capitalist world and in the country insert frame in a European project.
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Southon, Michael. "The navel of the perahu : meaning and values in the maritime trading economy of a Butonese village." Master's thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/143775.
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Leblic, Isabelle. "Parcours en anthropologie maritime, en technologie, en anthropologie de la parenté et des rituels, de la Bretagne à la Nouvelle-Calédonie kanak." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829158.
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Courchesne, Stéphanie. "La chasse aux trésors subaquatiques : portrait d'une industrie marginale à l'ère de l'internet." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7111.
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En marge des recherches archéologiques traditionnelles, nous retrouvons aujourd’hui des compagnies privées qui contractent des accords et obtiennent des permis leur donnant le droit de prélever des objets à des fins lucratives sur les vestiges archéologiques submergés. Ces pratiques commerciales causent une controverse vive et enflammée au sein du monde archéologique. Le principal point de litiges concerne la mise en vente des objets extraits lors de fouille. La mise en marché du patrimoine archéologique éveille les fibres protectionnistes. Cela incite certains organismes à poser des gestes pour la protection du patrimoine. C’est le cas pour l’UNESCO qui fait la promotion depuis 2001 d’une Convention pour la protection du patrimoine submergé. Malgré tous les arguments à l’encontre des compagnies de « chasse aux trésors », cette Convention est loin de faire l’unanimité des gouvernements à travers le monde, qui ne semblent pas prêts à rendre ces pratiques illégales.
Les méthodes utilisées par ces compagnies semblent aussi représenter un point de friction avec les archéologues. Toutefois, la connaissance de leurs pratiques sur le terrain semble très incomplète. De plus, contrairement à une certaine idée préconçue, ces compagnies ne sont pas des « pilleurs de tombes » œuvrant sous le couvert de l’anonymat, mais bien des compagnies dûment enregistrées, œuvrant en toute légalité et passant même des contrats avec les gouvernements.
Ce mémoire a donc pour objectif de mettre en lumière les actions réelles des compagnies de chasse aux trésors subaquatiques en regardant leurs méthodes et leur fonctionnement, tels qu’on les voit dans les 10 dernières années. Pour mieux conceptualiser les pratiques de ces compagnies, nous nous interrogerons sur le rapport entre légalité et éthique et, plus précisément, sur l’éthique commerciale et archéologique.<br>Beyond the pole of traditional underwater archaeology, we find an industry composed of commercial companies that enter into contractual agreements and obtain permits which allow them to take objects from submerged sites for financial gain. Their practices create a lively and often heated controversy in the archaeological community. The principal disagreement concerns the sale of objects from sites. The marketing of archaeological heritage awakens protective instincts and actions for the protection of heritage, such as UNESCO’s campaign begun in 2001 for the adoption of a Convention on the protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (Unesco.org 2001). Despite all the arguments against « treasure hunting » companies, the Convention is far from being universally accepted by sovereign governments, who do not seem prepared to make the companies’ practices illegal.
The methods used by the companies are also a source of friction with archaeologists. However, knowledge of their field methods seems rather incomplete, and contrary to some preconceived notions, these companies are not « grave robbers » working under the dark, but indeed duly registered companies working in full legality and even entering into contractual agreements with governments.
This thesis aims to shed light on the activities of the underwater treasure hunting industry by studying their methods and operations as they have developed in the last ten years. In order to conceptualise the companies’ practices, we look at the relation between archaeological and business ethics.
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Néron, Aimie. "La culture matérielle de l’Auguste (1761) et le rapatriement de l’élite coloniale au sein de l’État moderne." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12453.
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Simard, Frédéric. "Les quais de l'estuaire du Saint-Laurent, 1870-1930 : une étude en archéologie historique." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4073.
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On trouve sur les côtes de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent des vestiges de quai dont la ressemblance mutuelle suggère leur contemporanéité. Les vestiges de ces «quais du gouvernement » relatent une importante conjoncture (1870-1930) caractérisée par l'intégration des localités côtières dans une économie interrégionale. Le quai, autrefois lieu d'interface entre la ruralité et le cabotage, devient pour l'archéologue une occasion de retracer les éléments entrant dans sa conception et sa réalisation. L’observation des éléments architecturaux permet de distinguer les traits architecturaux associés aux quais du gouvernement parmi l’ensemble des techniques de construction déjà employées dans l’estuaire au XIXe siècle.<br>In the St. Lawrence estuary, there are many ancient wharves whose mutual resemblance of their remains suggests they are contemporaneous. The remains of the “government wharves” relate an important conjecture (1870-1930) formed by the integration of the coastal localities in an interregional economic network. The wharf, formerly an interface between the rural land and the estuarial cabotage, presents an opportunity for the archaeologist to recognize the architectural character of the conception and the realization of the wharves. The examination of their frame construction allows us to distinguish the architectural character of the government wharves among the techniques already employed in the estuary in the 19th century.
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Harrington, Juliette. "Holocene sea-level change across the indo-pacific : a new theory with implications for low-lying islands and coastal communities, ancient seafaring and maritime migration." Phd thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150989.
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Utilising reconstructed sunspot data, a statistically significant correlation between sunspot forcing and both palaeo and modern sea-level change was found. Evidence suggests that Indo-Pacific highstands occur over decadal to centennial timescales. The cause of these sea-level highstands (or maximum sea-level height prior to sea-level fall) is still under debate. Previous observational studies suggested that the underlying mechanisms of ENSO are responsive to solar forcing variations over decades to centuries. Here it is shown that sunspot forcing and low-frequency ENSO results in highstands across the Indo-Pacific. Operating at interannual timescales, El Nino relates to sea-level fall in the west Pacific and positive IOD relates to sea-level fall in the east Indian Ocean, while La Nina and negative IOD have the opposite effect. A statistically significant correlation between modern sunspot and both El Nino/posIOD and La Nina/negIOD has been identified. The latter may suggest a low-frequency correlation between sunspot increase and sea-level rise in addition to the correlation between sunspot decrease and sea-level fall. Thus, parameters used in current models may need to be adjusted to include the effects of solar forcing on sea-level change for past and future quantification. Decadal to centennial sea-level change has been shown to occur at a meter-scale level. Predicted global warming and an increase in sunspot forcing may have critical future implications for low-lying coastal and island communities across the Indo-Pacific, including high-density locations such as Sydney, Darwin, and Broome. This new empirical theory that suggests a pattern of sea-level change may act as a guide to understanding prehistoric movements across the Pacific and elsewhere. Decreased solar forcing and sea-level fall over decades to centuries is associated with widespread aridity, diminished reef fishing and island abandonment in the mid to west equatorial Pacific. During this time weakened southeast Tradewinds may have facilitated seafaring networks, and both eastward and higher latitude maritime migrations. The timing of these statistically correlated environmental occurrences is co-incident with Pacific migrations including the Lapita migration, and both pulses of the Polynesian expansion. These results suggest that long-term environmental change was an important contributing factor on the timing and motivation for prehistoric Pacific maritime migration. Further these findings suggest that the hotly debated AD1300 event was not an isolated incident but rather one of a number of sustained environmental conditions that occurred over the Holocene in response to decreased solar forcing.
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Gallo, Tiziana. "La pierre polie à l'embouchure de la rivière Sainte-Marguerite : caractérisation pétrographique, technologique et spatiale d’un locus de production de l’Archaïque moyen à supérieur." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18402.
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Baixinho, Alexandra Duarte. "Turismo de cruzeiros em Lisboa: uma abordagem antropológica." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/2548.
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O turismo de cruzeiros contemporâneo é caracterizado como um fenómeno social global que, em cada cidade, mobiliza um conjunto alargado de actores sociais, representações e estratégias identitárias, inserindo-se nos processos de turistização e competição crescente das cidades portuárias.
Neste trabalho, contextualizam-se historicamente as transformações no transporte marítimo de passageiros que conduziram à actual indústria do turismo de cruzeiros, tanto a nível internacional, como no que respeita ao porto de Lisboa.
No caso de Lisboa, a aproximação etnográfica permite identificar os principais intervenientes no turismo de cruzeiros, as principais representações e interacções sociais, e alguns aspectos da “cultura material turística” associados a esta actividade. Em paralelo, procura-se compreender em que medida é que, em Lisboa, o turismo de cruzeiros contribui para “fazer cidade” e para dinamizar a relação cidade-porto (nomeadamente através de projectos, como o do novo terminal de cruzeiros).<br>As competition among cities and touristification processes broaden, the global social phenomenon of cruise ship industry is becoming part of a new set of representations and identity strategies in port cities around the world. In this work, contemporary cruise ship industry is contextualized historically (internationally and in the Lisbon port area), through the main transformations on maritime passengers’ transportation.
In Lisbon, the ethnographic approach allows the identification of the main local cruise ship actors and tourism’s mediators, the main interactions between them, as well as some of the “touristic material culture” in this activity. Furthermore, we try to understand how city-port relationship is being catalysed by cruise ships and how the industry may contribute to the future transformation of Lisbon’s waterfront and “touristic landscape”, specialy with projects like the new planned cruise ship terminal.
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Adhuri, Dedy S. "Selling the sea, fishing for power : a study of conflict over marine tenure in the Kei Islands, eastern Indonesia." Phd thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149666.
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Lafrenière, Archambault Luce. "Les navires vikings : conception géométrique et architecture traditionnelle au Moyen Âge scandinave." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10661.
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Selon l’image reçue des Vikings, ce peuple incarne l'esprit d’une immense solidarité primitive ayant su résister rudement au joug du christianisme et à la domination du Latin en Europe occidentale. Cette image n’est pas sans ses contradictions et, s’il est vrai que l’écriture était encore inconnue en Scandinavie durant les premiers siècles de l’expansion viking, on sait maintenant que le commerce et la colonisation, autant que les célèbres raids, motivèrent l’irruption des peuples scandinaves sur la scène médiévale. Quant aux navires de ces marchands, colonisateurs, pêcheurs et guerriers, ils apparaissent, un peu à l’image des Vikings eux-mêmes, sur le grand tableau de l’histoire nautique sous l’enseigne d’une originalité et d’une technicité sans parallèle.
Comment les Vikings construisaient-ils leurs navires, en leur donnant une symétrie, un équilibre et une finesse si achevés? Les premiers ethnologues qui se sont intéressés à cette question ont privilégié les idées issues d'une tradition acquise par des générations de constructeurs, et d'astuces simples pour équilibrer tribord et bâbord. Puis, ils se sont rapidement tournés vers les techniques inhérentes à la construction à clin : utilisation de planches fendues et non sciées et de rivets abondants témoignant d’une sidérurgie acquise depuis peu. Le problème que présentent ces navires, est que leur construction artisanale demeure conforme à l’image reçue des Vikings, mais que leur conception architecturale, réalisée selon des connaissances théoriques très exactes, brise la notion d’une Scandinavie médiévale illettrée et coupée des grands centres du savoir. Ce travail s’intéresse précisément à la conception architecturale des navires scandinaves du VIIIe au XIe siècle pour montrer comment ils s’insèrent dans un haut savoir européen dès leur apparition. Il explore ensuite les liens qui unissent ce savoir théorique aux aspects véritablement originaux des navires vikings, en l’occurrence leur construction à clin et leur homogénéité sur une grande région à travers plus de cinq siècles.
Au terme de cette recherche, l'analyse réalisée sur le maître-couple de trois épaves vikings, une épave antique et une épave scandinave pré-viking, a permis de mettre en évidence plusieurs indices de l'utilisation du système de conception géométrique apparaissant pour la première fois dans les traités d'architecture navale de la Renaissance, et ce, sur chacune de ces épaves. Les résultats obtenus démontrent qu'il est possible d'employer un système transversal de conception pour des navires vraisemblablement construits bordé premier et assemblés à clin.<br>According to the popular image of the Vikings, this people embodied a spirit of immense solidarity that resisted the yoke of Christianity and the dominance of Latin in Western Europe. This image is not without its contradictions, and while it is true that writing was unknown in Scandinavia during the early centuries of the Viking expansion, we now know that trade and colonization, as much as their famous raids, motivated the irruption of the Scandinavian people on the medieval stage. However, there is an important area where the contradictions between the image of the Vikings and archaeological data still remain intact : the Vikings ships. These ships were designed for traders, settlers, fishermen and warriors. Like the Vikings themselves, their ships reflect a genius of unparallelled originality and high performance.
How did the Vikings build their ships, conferring them with such impressive symmetry, balance and finesse? The first ethnologists who studied this issue favoured ideal notions of traditions compiled over generations of builders, along with simple tips for balancing portside and starboard. Following this reductive cultural representation, they then quickly turned to the essential elements of clinker built construction: use of split planks and a great number of iron rivets, evidence of a new metallurgy. The problem with these ships is that, while their construction is made using traditional methods fitting to the popular image of the Vikings, their architectural design, deriving from very refined knowledge, contradicts the idea of an illiterate medieval Scandinavia cut off from the main centres of learning. This work focuses on the architectural design of Scandinavian ships from the eighth to the eleventh century, to show their place in high European knowledge. It then seeks to understand the links between the theoretical and practical aspects of Vikings ships : the clinker built construction and a great homogeneity over more than five centuries.
Analysis of the master frames of five wrecks – three Viking ships, one Ancient wreck and a pre-Viking Scandinavian vessel – has found positive indicators of the use of geometric design principles that were formerly thought to be original in Renaissance shipbuilding treatises. Each wreck showed signs of the application of these design principles. The results show moreover that it was possible to use a transverse system of hull design for ships that were built shell-first in the clinker style.
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Delmas, Vincent. "Les pêcheurs basques au Canada, 1530-1760 : de la culture matérielle à l'identité culturelle." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20411.
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Knudsen, Magne. "This is our place : fishing families and cosmopolitans on Negros Island, Philippines." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151511.
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Bourgela, Samuel. "Les céramiques et les réseaux maritimes du fort de Ville-Marie, Montréal, 1642-1688." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21572.
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Chuumpu, Keith. "The human nature of Christ, fallen or unfallen?: a comparative analysis of the Christologies of Pannenberg and Hatdzidakis with reference to the Seventh-day Adventist Church debate." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27723.
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Bibliography: leaves 118-124<br>Did Christ, in the incarnation, take a fallen or unfallen human nature? This question, in
its various forms, has occupied the Christian Church for as long as it has existed. For
the Seventh-day Adventist church, to which tradition I belong, the question centres on
whether Christ as a human being had sinful tendencies or not. This question has
divided the church into two main camps, with one camp saying he did, and the other
saying he did not. And the debate goes on. It is from the Seventh-day Adventist church
tradition that I picked up on this debate, following it up to mainstream Christianity
and motivating this research. My research seeks to identify the causes of the debate.
Its premise is that unless the specific causes of the debate are clearly identified and
appropriately addressed, it is difficult, if not impossible, to conclude it. For a close
analysis, two scholars, each representing one side, are picked and examined:
Pannenberg, representing the fallen nature position, and Hatzidakis, representing the
unfallen nature position. Their respective arguments are gleaned, compared and
analysed; and their differences, causes and possible solutions are pointed out. The
findings are then applied to the Seventh-day Adventist church debate and to
Christianity at large.<br>Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology<br>M. Th. (Systematic Theology)
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Souza, Roberta Cunha Azevedo de. "Transmissão do Conhecimento da Pesca: estudo na reserva extrativista marinha de Corumbau, Bahia - Brasil." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/115910.
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Como tornar-se um pescador? Como é dado o processo de formação desse sujeito? A partir desses questionamentos, essa dissertação tem como intuito analisar e discutir a transmissão do conhecimento da pesca, na Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Corumbau, partindo das representações e práticas, que compõem o processo educacional do sujeito pescador, desde a infância até a vida adulta. A região é marcada por conflitos socioambientais, porém, nos últimos 20 anos, vem passando por um processo de patrimonialização ambiental, junto a uma crescente turistificação. Tais panoramas vêm alterando aspectos ambientais, econômicos, sociais e espaciais, transformando a forma como aquelas pessoas se relacionam o mar.<br>How to become a fisherman? How is the process of this subject given? From these questions, this master thesis aims to analyze and discuss the fishing knowledge’s transmission of the Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Corumbau, starting from the representation and practices, which structure the fisherman’s educational process, from childhood to adulthood. The study area is marked by socio-environmental conflicts, however, in the last 20 years, has been going through an environmental heritage’s process, combined an increasing turistification. These aspects have been changing environmental, economic, social, and spatial aspects, transforming marine relations.
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Smith, Neville James. "Theorizing discourses of Zimbabwe, 1860-1900 : a Foucauldian analysis of colonial narratives." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8668.
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This study seeks to understand colonial narratives of Zimbabwe 1860-1900
as a locus of transgression and opposition. I investigate the range and
complexity of discourses within the imperial project open to both European
male and female writers, their shifts over time or within one or more texts.
Narratives of the explorer, missionary, hunter and soldier are examined as a
literary genre in which attempts were made to re-imagine the Western self
through an encounter with Africans. I consider how positions from which
the European in the colonies could speak and write were reformulated. This
study will employ Foucauldian discourse theory in an analysis of the British
'civilizing mission' in Central Southern Africa.
The Introduction examines existing historical and theoretical
approaches in this field and argues for a particular use of Foucualt's insights
and vocabulary. Chapter One is concerned with the way European explorers
constituted notions of 'civilized nations' in Europe and 'primitive tribes' in
Africa . I then question how this process of division and exclusion was
reinforced by the mythography of an EI Dorado in the African interior. In
Chapter Two I consider how Colonial Man was constituted in different ways
by Victorian discourses of adventure, travel and conquest. I also attempt to
account for the effects that followed the activation, within colonial culture,
of structures of exclusion and division based on race or class. Chapter
Three focuses on the economic dimension of a dissident LMS missionary and
the sustained resistance to Western philanthropy among the Ndebele. I also
examine the later Mashonaland mission where the missionary-administrator
became instrumental in the division and control of Africans. In the final
chapter I consider discursive formations which sought to constrain African
resistance during the 1896-7 Chimurenga and the institutionalization of a
settler order in the post-Chimurenga era.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1998.
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Wenstob, Stella Maris. "Canoes and colony: the dugout canoe as a site of intercultural engagement in the colonial context of British Columbia (1849-1871)." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5971.
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The cedar dugout canoe is iconically associated with First Nations peoples of the Pacific Northwest coast, but the vital contribution it made to the economic and social development of British Columbia is historically unrecognized. This beautifully designed and crafted oceangoing vessel, besides being a prized necessity to the maritime First Nations peoples, was an essential transportation link for European colonists. In speed, maneuverability, and carrying capacity it vied with any other seagoing technology of the time. The dugout canoe became an important site of engagement between First Nations peoples and settlers. European produced textual and visual records of the colonial period are examined to analyze the dugout canoe as a site of intercultural interaction with a focus upon the European representation. This research asks: Was the First Nations' dugout canoe essential to colonial development in British Columbia and, if so, were the First Nations acknowledged for this vital contribution?
Analysis of primary archival resources (letters and journals), images (photographs, sketches and paintings) and colonial publications, such as the colonial dispatches, memoirs and newspaper accounts, demonstrate that indeed the dugout canoe and First Nations canoeists were essential to the development of the colony of British Columbia. However, these contributions were differentially acknowledged as the colony shifted from a fur trade-oriented operation to a settler-centric development that emphasized the alienation of First Nations’ land for settler use. By focusing research on the dugout canoe and its use and depiction by Europeans, connections between European colonists and First Nations canoeists, navigators and manufacturers are foregrounded. This focus brings together these two key historical players demonstrating their “entangled” nature (Thomas 1991:139) and breaking down “silences” and “trivializations” in history (Trouillot 1995:96), working to build an inclusive and connected history of colonial British Columbia.<br>Graduate